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Akhlaghi M, Kohanmoo A. Sleep deprivation in development of obesity, effects on appetite regulation, energy metabolism, and dietary choices. Nutr Res Rev 2023:1-21. [PMID: 37905402 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422423000264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation, which is a decrease in duration and quality of sleep, is a common problem in today's life. Epidemiological and interventional investigations have suggested a link between sleep deprivation and overweight/obesity. Sleep deprivation affects homeostatic and non-homoeostatic regulation of appetite, with the food reward system playing a dominant role. Factors such as sex and weight status affect this regulation; men and individuals with excess weight seem to be more sensitive to reward-driven and hedonistic regulation of food intake. Sleep deprivation may also affect weight through affecting physical activity and energy expenditure. In addition, sleep deprivation influences food selection and eating behaviours, which are mainly managed by the food reward system. Sleep-deprived individuals mostly crave for palatable energy-dense foods and have low desire for fruit and vegetables. Consumption of meals may not change but energy intake from snacks increases. The individuals have more desire for snacks with high sugar and saturated fat content. The relationship between sleep and the diet is mutual, implying that diet and eating behaviours also affect sleep duration and quality. Consuming healthy diets containing fruit and vegetables and food sources of protein and unsaturated fats and low quantities of saturated fat and sugar may be used as a diet strategy to improve sleep. Since the effects of sleep deficiency differ between animals and humans, only evidence from human subject studies has been included, controversies are discussed and the need for future investigations is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Kohanmoo
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Shih YH, Wu HC, Pan WH, Chang HY. The Association Between Frequent Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake and Sleep Duration in School Children: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:847704. [PMID: 35369050 PMCID: PMC8965345 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.847704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Higher consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) maybe association with children's sleep pattern. However, few studies have considered this association in Asia, especially in school children. This study investigated the relationship between children's consumption frequency of such beverages and their sleep duration. Methods Participants aged 6–12 years were analyzed from two survey data in 2012 and 2013–2016 Nutrition and Health Surveys in Taiwan. A total of 2,628 participants were included in the analysis (2012, N = 1,267; 2013–2016, N = 1,361). Beverages weekly consumption were divided into low and high intake groups by medians cut-off points. The sleep variables were the sleep duration at night (including school days and weekends) and sleep debt. After controlling the confounders, the correlation between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and sleep duration was examined using multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results The students slept for an average of 8.8 h on school days and 9.7 h on weekends. Relative to the low SSB intake group, the high intake group exhibited shorter sleep durations on school days (P < 0.001), greater sleep debt (P = 0.049). In logistic regression, high intake group were more likely to sleep for <8.5 h on school days (OR = 1.67, P = 0.002) and exhibit >2 h of sleep debt than low intake group (OR = 1.41, P = 0.022). Conclusions Children who had consumed sugar-sweetened beverages frequently slept for shorter durations at night on school days and exhibited greater sleep debt. The causal relationship was not clear. Nonetheless, these two factors are important in promoting children health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Shih
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chuan Wu
- Department of Food Nutrition, College of Human Science and Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Harn Pan
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Yi Chang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Hsing-Yi Chang
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Motomura Y, Kitamura S, Nakazaki K, Oba K, Katsunuma R, Terasawa Y, Hida A, Moriguchi Y, Mishima K. The Role of the Thalamus in the Neurological Mechanism of Subjective Sleepiness: An fMRI Study. Nat Sci Sleep 2021; 13:899-921. [PMID: 34234596 PMCID: PMC8253930 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s297309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The thalamus, the region that forms the attentional network and transmits external sensory signals to the entire brain, is important for sleepiness. Herein, we examined the relationship between activity in the thalamus-seed brain network and subjective sleepiness. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen healthy male participants underwent an experiment comprising a baseline evaluation and two successive interventions, a 9-day sleep extension followed by 1-night total sleep deprivation. Pre- and post-intervention tests included the Karolinska sleepiness scale and neuroimaging for arterial spin labeling and functional connectivity. We examined the association between subjective sleepiness and the functional magnetic resonance imaging indices. RESULTS The functional connectivity between the left or right thalamus and various brain regions displayed a significant negative association with subjective sleepiness, and the functional connectivity between the left and right thalamus displayed a significant positive association with subjective sleepiness. The graph theory analysis indicated that the number of positive functional connectivity related to the thalamus showed a strong negative association with subjective sleepiness, and conversely, the number of negative functional connectivity showed a positive association with subjective sleepiness. Arterial spin labeling analysis indicated that the blood flow in both the left and right thalami was significantly negatively associated with subjective sleepiness. Functional connectivity between the anterior cingulate cortex and salience network areas of the left insular cortex, and that between the anterior and posterior cingulate cortices showed a strong positive and negative association with subjective sleepiness, respectively. CONCLUSION Subjective sleepiness and the thalamic-cortical network dynamics are strongly related, indicating the application of graph theory to study sleepiness and consciousness. These results also demonstrate that resting functional connectivity largely reflects the "state" of the subject, suggesting that the control of sleep and conscious states is essential when using functional magnetic resonance imaging indices as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Motomura
- Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan.,Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 815-8540, Japan.,Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan
| | - Shingo Kitamura
- Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nakazaki
- Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan
| | - Kentaro Oba
- Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan.,Department of Human Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ruri Katsunuma
- Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan.,Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan
| | - Yuri Terasawa
- Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan.,Department of Psychology, Keio University, Kanagawa, 223-8521, Japan
| | - Akiko Hida
- Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Moriguchi
- Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan.,Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan
| | - Kazuo Mishima
- Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.,International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Liew SC, Aung T. Sleep deprivation and its association with diseases- a review. Sleep Med 2020; 77:192-204. [PMID: 32951993 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation, a consequence of multiple health problems or a cause of many major health risks, is a significant public health concern in this era. In the recent years, numerous reports have been added to the literature to provide explanation and to answer previously unanswered questions on this important topic but comprehensive updates and reviews in this aspect remain scarce. The present study identified 135 papers that investigated the association between sleep deprivation and health risks, including cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological, gastrointestinal, immunology, dermatology, endocrine, and reproductive health. In this review, we aimed to provide insight into the association between sleep deprivation and the development of diseases. We reviewed the latest updates available in the literature and particular attention was paid to reports that detailed all possible causal relationships involving both extrinsic and intrinsic factors that may be relevant to this topic. Various mechanisms by which sleep deprivation may affect health were presented and discussed, and this review hopes to serve as a platform for ideas generation for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siaw Cheok Liew
- Department of Clinical Competence, Perdana University-Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Thidar Aung
- Department of Biochemistry, Perdana University-Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ahrens AM, Ahmed OJ. Neural circuits linking sleep and addiction: Animal models to understand why select individuals are more vulnerable to substance use disorders after sleep deprivation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 108:435-444. [PMID: 31756346 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Individuals differ widely in their drug-craving behaviors. One reason for these differences involves sleep. Sleep disturbances lead to an increased risk of substance use disorders and relapse in only some individuals. While animal studies have examined the impact of sleep on reward circuitry, few have addressed the role of individual differences in the effects of altered sleep. There does, however, exist a rodent model of individual differences in reward-seeking behavior: the sign/goal-tracker model of Pavlovian conditioned approach. In this model, only some rats show the key behavioral traits associated with addiction, including impulsivity and poor attentional control, making this an ideal model system to examine individually distinct sleep-reward interactions. Here, we describe how the limbic neural circuits responsible for individual differences in incentive motivation overlap with those involved in sleep-wake regulation, and how this model can elucidate the common underlying mechanisms. Consideration of individual differences in preclinical models would improve our understanding of how sleep interacts with motivational systems, and why sleep deprivation contributes to addiction in only select individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Omar J Ahmed
- Dept. of Psychology, United States; Neuroscience Graduate Program, United States; Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care, United States; Kresge Hearing Research Institute, United States; Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States.
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Zhu B, Shi C, Park CG, Zhao X, Reutrakul S. Effects of sleep restriction on metabolism-related parameters in healthy adults: A comprehensive review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sleep Med Rev 2019; 45:18-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Amygdala activation during unconscious visual processing of food. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7277. [PMID: 31086241 PMCID: PMC6513994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedonic or emotional responses to food have important positive and negative effects on human life. Behavioral studies have shown that hedonic responses to food images are elicited rapidly, even in the absence of conscious awareness of food. Although a number of previous neuroimaging studies investigated neural activity during conscious processing of food images, the neural mechanisms underlying unconscious food processing remain unknown. To investigate this issue, we measured neural activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging while participants viewed food and mosaic images presented subliminally and supraliminally. Conjunction analyses revealed that the bilateral amygdala was more strongly activated in response to food images than to mosaic images under both subliminal and supraliminal conditions. Interaction analyses revealed that the broad bilateral posterior regions, peaking at the posterior fusiform gyrus, were particularly active when participants viewed food versus mosaic images under the supraliminal compared with the subliminal condition. Dynamic causal modeling analyses supported the model in which the subcortical visual pathway from the pulvinar to the amygdala was modulated by food under the subliminal condition; in contrast, the model in which both subcortical and cortical (connecting the primary visual cortex, fusiform gyrus, and the amygdala) visual pathways were modulated by food received the most support under the supraliminal condition. These results suggest the possibility that unconscious hedonic responses to food may exert an effect through amygdala activation via the subcortical visual pathway.
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Miller AL, Miller SE, LeBourgeois MK, Sturza J, Rosenblum KL, Lumeng JC. Sleep duration and quality are associated with eating behavior in low-income toddlers. Appetite 2019; 135:100-107. [PMID: 30634008 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study examined whether different sleep health parameters (duration, timing, and quality) are associated with obesity-related eating behaviors including emotional overeating, food responsiveness, enjoyment of food, satiety responsiveness, and eating in the absence of hunger (EAH), during toddlerhood. DESIGN Among 134 low-income 33-month-old children, parents reported on child sleep parameters, including sleep quality (Children's Sleep Wake Scale; CSWS) and usual bedtimes and wake times on weekdays and weekends (weeknight sleep duration, weekday-to-weekend bedtime delay). Child eating behaviors were assessed using both observed and parent-report measures. Child Emotional Overeating, Food Responsiveness, Enjoyment of Food, and Satiety Responsiveness were measured by parent report using the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire-Toddler. Observed child EAH was evaluated by measuring kilocalories of palatable foods consumed following a meal. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the associations between sleep parameters and eating behaviors. RESULTS Poorer child sleep quality was associated with greater Emotional Overeating (standardized β = -0.20 (SE 0.09), p < .05) and greater Food Responsiveness (β = -0.18 (SE 0.09), p < .05). Shorter child nighttime sleep duration was associated with greater EAH kcal consumed (standardized β = -0.22 (SE 0.09), p < .05). Child bedtime delay was not associated with any of the eating behaviors, and no child sleep variables were associated with either Enjoyment of Food or Satiety Responsiveness. CONCLUSIONS Shorter nocturnal sleep duration and poorer sleep quality during toddlerhood were associated with some, but not all, of the obesity-related eating behaviors. Poor sleep health may promote childhood obesity risk through different eating behavior pathways. As children growing up in poverty may experience greater sleep decrements, sleep duration and sleep quality may be important targets for intervention among low-income families with young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison L Miller
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, United States; Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, United States.
| | - Sara E Miller
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, United States
| | | | - Julie Sturza
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, United States
| | - Katherine L Rosenblum
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, United States
| | - Julie C Lumeng
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, United States; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, United States
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