1
|
Kazemi A, Soltani S, Aune D, Hosseini E, Mokhtari Z, Hassanzadeh Z, Jayedi A, Pitanga F, Akhlaghi M. Leisure-time and occupational physical activity and risk of cardiovascular disease incidence: a systematic-review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:45. [PMID: 38659024 PMCID: PMC11044601 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01593-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Physical activity has benefits for the cardiovascular system, however, what levels and types of activity provide optimal cardiovascular health is unclear. We aimed to determine the level of physical activity that has the most benefits against cardiovascular diseases (CVD). METHODS PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for prospective cohort studies on leisure-time (LTPA) or occupational physical activity (OPA) as the exposure and major types of CVD (total CVD, coronary heart disease [CHD], stroke, and atrial fibrillation [AF]) incidence as the outcome. Risk of bias of studies was evaluated using the ROBINS-I tool. Summary hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using random-effects pairwise model. RESULTS A total of 103 studies were included in the analysis. The highest versus the lowest LTPA was associated with a lower risk of overall CVD (HR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.77-0.86), CHD (HR = 0.83; 0.79-0.88), and stroke (HR = 0.83; 0.79-0.88), but not AF (HR = 0.98; 0.92-1.05). Linear dose-response analyses showed a 10%, 12%, 9%, and 8% risk reduction in CVD, CHD, stroke, and AF incidence, respectively, for every 20 MET-hours/week increase in LTPA. In nonlinear dose-response analyses, there were inverse associations up to 20 MET-hours/week with 19% and 20% reduction in CVD and CHD risk, and up to 25 MET-hours/week with 22% reduction in stroke, with no further risk reduction at higher LTPA levels. For AF, there was a U-shaped nonlinear association with the maximum 8% risk reduction at 10 MET-hours/week of LTPA. Higher levels of OPA were not associated with risk of CVD, CHD, stroke, or AF. CONCLUSIONS Overall, results showed an inverse dose-response relationship between LTPA and risk of CVD, CHD, stroke, and AF. Running was the most beneficial LTPA but the risk was similar among various LTPA intensities. OPA showed no benefits in total or any type of CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Kazemi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Soltani
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Nutrition, Oslo New University College, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elham Hosseini
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zeinab Mokhtari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Hassanzadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Jayedi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | | | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Razi Blvd, 7153675541, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kohanmoo A, Kazemi A, Zare M, Akhlaghi M. Gender-specific link between sleep quality and body composition components: a cross-sectional study on the elderly. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8113. [PMID: 38582755 PMCID: PMC10998859 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58801-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep duration has been associated with overweight/obesity. Since sleep quality and body composition alter during aging, we conducted this study to determine if sleep quality is linked to body composition components in elderly people. This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 305 Iranian community-dwelling elderly aged ≥ 65 years. Sleep quality and body composition components were evaluated using Pittsburgh sleep quality index and bioelectric impedance analysis, respectively. The association of sleep quality and body composition components was examined using linear regression analysis. The prevalence of poor sleep quality and overweight/obesity was 48.9% and 54.4% in men and 77.0% and 79.3% in women, respectively. Women had significantly higher scores in most PSQI items than men, indicating their worse sleep quality compared to men. Women also had significantly higher body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and visceral adipose tissue and lower skeletal muscle and fat-free mass percentages than men. In the adjusted regression model, men showed positive associations between the third tertile of poor sleep quality and BMI (B = 1.35; 95% CI 0.08-2.61) and waist circumference (B = 4.14; 95% CI 0.39-7.89), but they did not demonstrate an association between sleep quality and body composition components. In the adjusted regression model for women, there were positive associations for BMI (B = 1.21; 95% CI 0.34-2.07), waist circumference (B = 2.95; 95% CI 0.99-4.91), body fat percentage (B = 2.75; 95% CI 1.06-4.45), and visceral adipose tissue (B = 7.80; 95% CI 1.73-13.87); also there were negative associations for skeletal muscle (B = - 1.40; 95% CI - 2.39 - - 0.41) and fat-free mass (B = - 2.76; 95% CI - 4.46 - -1.07) percentages. Except for waist circumference, other variables differed between men and women (P < 0.001). Weight management, prevention of muscle wasting, and improvement of sleep quality should be considered in a consortium when designing healthcare strategies for the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kohanmoo
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Razi Blvd, Shiraz, 7153675541, Iran
| | - Asma Kazemi
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morteza Zare
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Razi Blvd, Shiraz, 7153675541, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kohanmoo A, Hashemzadeh M, Teymouri M, Zare M, Akhlaghi M. Food insecurity is associated with low diet quality and unhealthy cooking and eating habits in Iranian women. J Health Popul Nutr 2024; 43:42. [PMID: 38486251 PMCID: PMC10941397 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-024-00533-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food insecurity affects diet and nutrition intakes. We explored the relationship between food insecurity and dietary intakes in a group of Iranian women. METHODS The cross-sectional study was performed on 190 healthy females aged 20-55 years attending primary healthcare centers in Shiraz. Food insecurity was evaluated by Household Food Insecurity Access Scale, which is a validated tool for assessing food insecurity in developing countries. Diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. The association of dietary patterns and food insecurity was assessed by linear regression. RESULTS Assessment of dietary intakes revealed that consumption of red meat, poultry, fish, dairy, fruits, non-starchy vegetables, and nuts decreased whereas that of grains, processed meats, potato, and sugary foods increased with increasing food insecurity. Among nutrients, carbohydrates, fiber, vitamin A, vitamin C, folic acid, potassium, calcium, and magnesium decreased while fat and sodium increased as food insecurity increased. Three major dietary patterns were detected. Healthy dietary patterns showed inverse associations with food insecurity in the crude (β = -0.422 and - 0.435, P < 0.001) and adjusted (adjusted for age, marital status, and educational level) (β = -0.475 and - 0.341, P < 0.001) models of regression analysis but unhealthy pattern did not show an association with food insecurity. Compared to food secure participants, a higher percentage of food insecure individuals indicated unhealthy eating habits, such as skipping breakfast, lower snack ingestion, more fast and fried food consumption, and using unhealthy cooking methods. CONCLUSION Overall, this study showed that food insecurity was associated with less healthy diet and unhealthy cooking and eating habits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kohanmoo
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maral Hashemzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Teymouri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morteza Zare
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Poursalehi D, Mirzaei S, Asadi A, Akhlaghi M, Lotfi K, Saneei P. Total dietary fiber intake is inversely associated with metabolically unhealthy status in adolescents with excess weight. Nutr Res 2024; 125:69-78. [PMID: 38518484 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Little is known about the relationship between dietary fiber and metabolic health status in adolescents. This study was performed to investigate total dietary fiber intake and metabolic health status in a sample of Iranian adolescents with overweight/obesity. We hypothesized that higher total dietary fiber intake would reduce odds of metabolically unhealthy status. In this cross-sectional study, 203 adolescents (aged 12-18 years) with overweight/obesity were randomly recruited from several educational areas with different socioeconomic statuses using a multistage cluster sampling approach. Dietary intakes were evaluated by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Demographic, anthropometric, and cardiometabolic data were gathered through standard methods. Adolescents were categorized as having either metabolically healthy overweight/obesity or metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUO) phenotypes according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and IDF/Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) criteria. Subjects had mean age of 13.97 (years) and mean fiber intake of 19.5 (g/d). After considering potential confounders, adolescents with the highest fiber intake, compared with the lowest intake, had decreased odds of MUO based on IDF (odds ratio [OR] = 0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.04-0.46) and IDF/HOMA-IR (OR = 0.16; 95% CI, 0.04-0.56) definitions. Also, each additional unit of total dietary fiber intake (1 g/d) was associated with lower chance of MUO phenotype considering IDF and IDF/HOMA-IR criteria. Individuals with higher intakes of dietary fiber were also less likely to have hyperglycemia (in fully adjusted model: OR = 0.17; 95% CI, 0.06-0.52). We found that consumption of total dietary fiber was inversely associated with odds of MUO among Iranian adolescents. Further prospective studies are required for confirming our results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donya Poursalehi
- Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeideh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Asadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Keyhan Lotfi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Heidari H, Mirzaei S, Asadi A, Akhlaghi M, Saneei P. Association of priori-defined DASH dietary pattern with metabolic health status among Iranian adolescents with overweight and obesity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4993. [PMID: 38424444 PMCID: PMC10904873 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
There was no evidence on the relationship of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) with metabolic health condition in adolescents with overweight and obesity. The purpose of this research was to investigate the association of priori-defined DASH dietary pattern with metabolic health status among adolescents with overweight and obesity in Iran. A cross-sectional survey performed on a representative sample of adolescents with overweight and obesity (n = 203). Dietary intakes were collected via a validated food frequency questionnaire and DASH score was characterized according to eight components. Data of anthropometric measures, blood pressure, circulating insulin, fasting blood sugar, and lipid profile were collected. Metabolic health status was defined based on criteria of International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and insulin resistance (IR). Based on IDF and IDF/IR criteria, 38.9% and 33.0% of adolescents suffered from metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUO). After controlling all confounders, subjects in the highest vs. lowest tertile of DASH diet had respectively 92% and 91% lower odds of MUO based on IDF definition (OR = 0.08; 95%CI 0.03-0.22) and IDF/IR criteria (OR = 0.09; 95%CI 0.03-0.29). Subgroup analysis by sex and body mass index determined that this relationship was more powerful in girls and overweight individuals. Also, in fully adjusted model, highest vs. lowest adherence to DASH diet was linked to decreased odds of hyperglycemia (OR = 0.07; 95% CI 0.03-0.21), hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 0.26; 95% CI 0.09-0.73), low HDL cholesterolemia (OR = 0.30; 95% CI 0.12-0.73) and insulin resistance (OR = 0.07; 95% CI 0.02-0.28), as metabolic health components. Greater compliance to DASH dietary pattern was linked to a remarkable lower odd of metabolic unhealthy condition among Iranian adolescents, especially in overweight subjects and girls. More prospective surveys are required to assert these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Heidari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeideh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Asadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jafarpour A, Jalali S, Akhlaghi M, Amlashi MA. The effect of Sumac on cardiometabolic parameters in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1305024. [PMID: 38352703 PMCID: PMC10861764 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1305024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The current evidence on the effect of Sumac consumption on cardiovascular parameters has produced controversial findings. Methods We systematically searched several databases, including PubMed-Medline, SCOPUS, and ISI Web of Science, to find eligible studies until January 2023. Meta-analysis to calculated the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95 %CI, Sub-group meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis were conducted throughout the study. Results 16 randomized controlled trials comprising a total number of 1,225 participants were included. The results of meta-analysis revealed that Sumac significantly affected low-density lipoprotein (WMD: -8.66 mg/dL; 95% CI: -14.2, -3.12), high-density lipoprotein (WMD: 3.15 mg/dL; 1.99,4.31), triglycerides (WMD: -11.96 mg/dL; -19.44, -4.48), fasting blood glucose (WMD: -4.15 mg/dL; -7.31, -0.98), insulin (WMD: -1.72; -3.18, -0.25), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; WMD: -0.61; -1.22, -0.01), and anthropometric indices (p < 0.05). Moreover, the results significantly reduced total cholesterol when the intervention duration was ≥12 weeks (WMD: -8.58 mg/dL; -16.8, -0.37). Conclusion These findings suggest that Sumac is potentially an effective complementary intervention to improve cardiometabolic parameters. Thus, patients could utilize Sumac as part of their diet to improve their overall cardiometabolic status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Jafarpour
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Jalali
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Manoochehr Amin Amlashi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Poursalehi D, Bahrami G, Mirzaei S, Asadi A, Akhlaghi M, Saneei P. Association between alternative healthy eating index (AHEI) with metabolic health status in adolescents with overweight and obesity. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:42. [PMID: 38166997 PMCID: PMC10763351 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17558-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been lack of evidence on the association between healthy dietary patterns and metabolic health status of adolescents. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between alternative healthy eating index (AHEI) and metabolic health status among a relatively representative sample of Iranian adolescents with overweight/obesity. METHODS Adolescents with extra body weight (n = 203, aged 12-18 y), were selected for this cross-sectional study by a multistage cluster random-sampling method. Habitual dietary intakes and diet quality of individuals were assessed using validated food frequency questionnaire and AHEI-2010, respectively. Data on other covariates were also gathered by pre-tested questionnaires. To determine fasting glucose, insulin and lipid profiles, fasting blood samples were collected. Participants were categorized as having metabolically healthy overweight/obesity (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUO) phenotypes, based on two approaches (International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and combination of IDF with Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)). RESULTS The overall prevalence of MUO was 38.9% (based on IDF criteria) and 33.0% (based on IDF/HOMA-IR criteria). After considering all potential confounders, participants in highest tertiles of AHEI-2010 had lower odds of MUO profile according to both IDF (OR = 0.05; 95% CI: 0.01-0.15) and IDF/HOMA-IR (OR = 0.05; 95% CI: 0.02-0.19) definitions. This association was stronger in adolescents with overweight compared with obese ones and also among girls than boys. Moreover, each unit increase in AHEI-2010 score was associated with lower risk of MUO based on both criteria. CONCLUSIONS Higher adherence to AHEI-2010 was inversely associated with odds of MUO in Iranian adolescents with overweight/obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donya Poursalehi
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Bahrami
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeideh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Asadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Akhlaghi M, Kohanmoo A. Sleep deprivation in development of obesity, effects on appetite regulation, energy metabolism, and dietary choices. Nutr Res Rev 2023:1-21. [PMID: 37905402 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422423000264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation, which is a decrease in duration and quality of sleep, is a common problem in today's life. Epidemiological and interventional investigations have suggested a link between sleep deprivation and overweight/obesity. Sleep deprivation affects homeostatic and non-homoeostatic regulation of appetite, with the food reward system playing a dominant role. Factors such as sex and weight status affect this regulation; men and individuals with excess weight seem to be more sensitive to reward-driven and hedonistic regulation of food intake. Sleep deprivation may also affect weight through affecting physical activity and energy expenditure. In addition, sleep deprivation influences food selection and eating behaviours, which are mainly managed by the food reward system. Sleep-deprived individuals mostly crave for palatable energy-dense foods and have low desire for fruit and vegetables. Consumption of meals may not change but energy intake from snacks increases. The individuals have more desire for snacks with high sugar and saturated fat content. The relationship between sleep and the diet is mutual, implying that diet and eating behaviours also affect sleep duration and quality. Consuming healthy diets containing fruit and vegetables and food sources of protein and unsaturated fats and low quantities of saturated fat and sugar may be used as a diet strategy to improve sleep. Since the effects of sleep deficiency differ between animals and humans, only evidence from human subject studies has been included, controversies are discussed and the need for future investigations is highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Kohanmoo
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bagheri M, Nouri M, Homayounfar R, Akhlaghi M. Association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet with cardiometabolic risk factors: a cross-sectional study on PERSIAN cohort study in Fasa. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14870. [PMID: 37684269 PMCID: PMC10491824 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41935-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between Mediterranean diet and obesity-related markers is a matter of debate. We investigated the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and anthropometric indices, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors in Iranian population. The cross-sectional study was performed on data of 3386 participants from Fasa PERSIAN cohort study. The Mediterranean diet score (MDS) was calculated based on consumption of 11 food groups (unrefined cereals, potatoes, fruits, vegetables, legumes, fish, red meat, poultry, dairy, olive oil, and alcoholic beverages). The association between MDS and cardiometabolic risk factors was examined by linear regression analysis. MDS was inversely associated with waist circumference (β = - 1.11; P = 0.033), waist-to-hip ratio (β = - 0.007; P = 0.011), waist-to-height ratio (β = - 0.009; P = 0.015), fasting glucose (β = - 3.59; P = 0.001), and HDL-cholesterol (β = - 0.96; P = 0.031) in unadjusted model. After adjusting for energy intake, the associations of MDS with markers of abdominal obesity and HDL-cholesterol disappeared. In fully adjusted model, MDS showed inverse relationships with waist-to-hip ratio (β = - 0.005; P = 0.037) and fasting glucose (β = - 2.71; P = 0.013). In conclusion, MDS showed an inverse relationship with fasting glucose and waist-to-hip ratio. Since energy intake increased along with increasing MDS, adherence to the Mediterranean diet may associate with lower abdominal obesity and better glycemic control if an energy-controlled Mediterranean diet is used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milad Bagheri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Razi Blvd, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Razi Blvd, Shiraz, Iran
- Students' Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Homayounfar
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Razi Blvd, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tirani SA, Mirzaei S, Asadi A, Asjodi F, Iravani O, Akhlaghi M, Saneei P. Associations of Fruit and Vegetable Intake with Metabolic Health Status in Overweight and Obese Youth. Ann Nutr Metab 2023; 79:361-371. [PMID: 37549644 DOI: 10.1159/000533343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between fruit and vegetable intake with metabolic health status among overweight and obese Iranian youth. METHODS In total, 203 obese and overweight youth including 101 boys and 102 girls, 12-18 years, were randomly recruited through a multistage cluster sampling approach in this study. A validated Persian format of food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate participants' usual food intake. Adolescents were categorized in accordance with the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria as well as IDF plus insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) definition into metabolically healthy obese and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). RESULTS Based on IDF criteria, youth in the third tertile of vegetable and the combination of fruit and vegetable intake had 66% (odds ratio = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.12-0.95) and 73% (odds ratio = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.09-0.81) lower odds of MUO compared to those in the first tertile, in the fully-adjusted model. According to IDF plus HOMA-IR definition, inverse associations were also found between vegetable (odds ratio = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.12-1.02) and the combination of fruit and vegetable (odds ratio = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.08-0.79) intake with MUO phenotype. Stratified analysis indicated inverse associations between intake of vegetables and the combination of fruits and vegetables with MUO phenotype (based on IDF definition) in overweight, but not obese subjects. CONCLUSION The current study demonstrated that greater consumption of vegetables as well as the combination of fruits and vegetables was related to a lower risk of MUO phenotype, particularly in overweight youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Amani Tirani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,
| | - Saeideh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Asadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Foad Asjodi
- Iranmall Sports Medicine Clinic (IFMARK), FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Tehran, Iran
| | - Orod Iravani
- Iranmall Sports Medicine Clinic (IFMARK), FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tirani SA, Lotfi K, Mirzaei S, Asadi A, Akhlaghi M, Saneei P. The relation between dietary phytochemical index and metabolic health status in overweight and obese adolescents. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12059. [PMID: 37491451 PMCID: PMC10368731 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39314-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have rarely investigated dietary phytochemicals consumption in relation to metabolic health of adolescents. The current study was performed to investigate dietary phytochemical index (DPI) in relation to metabolic health status in overweight and obese adolescents. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 203 adolescents with overweight or obesity. Dietary intakes of participants were obtained through a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire. DPI was calculated [(dietary energy derived from phytochemical-rich foods (kcal)/total daily energy intake (kcal)) ⨯100]. Glycemic and lipid profiles, blood pressure, and anthropometric indices were also measured. A metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUO) profile was determined based on the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and IDF/Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) definitions. Study subjects had a mean age of 13.98 years and 50.2% of them were girls. According to IDF and IDF/HOMA-IR criteria, 38.9% (37 boys, and 42 girls) and 33% (35 boys, and 32 girls) of the study participants were respectively MUO. According to IDF and IDF/HOMA-IR definitions, adolescents in the third DPI tertile had respectively 61% (maximally-adjusted OR = 0.39, 95%CI 0.16-0.91) and 67% (maximally-adjusted OR = 0.33, 95%CI 0.13-0.83) lower odds of being MUO, compared to the first tertile. Stratified analysis by sex indicated that DPI was inversely related to MUO phenotype based on IDF criteria in girls (maximally-adjusted OR = 0.25, 95%CI 0.06-0.98), but not in boys. The current study found that adolescents with a higher dietary intake of phytochemicals have lower odds of being MUO, particularly among girls. However, further large-scale prospective cohort studies are required to confirm this finding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Amani Tirani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Keyhan Lotfi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Asadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nasimi N, Sohrabi Z, Nunes EA, Sadeghi E, Jamshidi S, Gholami Z, Akbarzadeh M, Faghih S, Akhlaghi M, Phillips SM. Whey Protein Supplementation with or without Vitamin D on Sarcopenia-Related Measures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:762-773. [PMID: 37196876 PMCID: PMC10334153 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of supplementation with whey protein alone or with vitamin D on sarcopenia-related outcomes in older adults are unclear. We aimed to assess the effect of whey protein supplementation alone or with vitamin D on lean mass (LM), strength, and function in older adults with or without sarcopenia or frailty. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) that investigated the effect of whey protein supplementation with or without vitamin D on sarcopenia outcomes in healthy and sarcopenic or frail older adults were included. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated for LM, muscle strength, and physical function data. The analysis showed that whey protein supplementation had no effect on LM and muscle strength; nevertheless, a significant improvement was found in physical function (SMD = 0.561; 95% confidence interval [CIs]: 0.256, 0.865, n = 33), particularly gait speed (GS). On the contrary, whey protein supplementation significantly improved LM (SMD = 0.982; 95% CI: 0.228, 1.736; n = 11), appendicular lean mass and physical function (SMD = 1.211; 95% CI: 0.588, 1.834; n = 16), and GS in sarcopenic/frail older adults. By contrast, co-supplementation with vitamin D enhanced LM gains (SMD =0.993; 95% CI: 0.112, 1.874; n = 11), muscle strength (SMD =2.005; 95% CI: 0.975, 3.035; n = 11), and physical function (SMD = 3.038; 95% CI: 2.196, 3.879; n = 18) significantly. Muscle strength and physical function improvements after whey protein supplementation plus vitamin D were observed without resistance exercise (RE) and short study duration subgroups. Moreover, the combination of whey protein and vitamin D with RE did not enhance the effect of RE. Whey protein supplementation improved LM and function in sarcopenic/frail older adults but had no positive effect in healthy older persons. By contrast, our meta-analysis showed that co-supplementation with whey protein and vitamin D is effective, particularly in healthy older adults, which is likely owing, we propose, to the correction of vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. The trial was registered at https://inplasy.com as INPLASY202240167.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Nasimi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Sohrabi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Everson A Nunes
- Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Laboratory of Investigation of Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Erfan Sadeghi
- Research Consultation Center (RCC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sanaz Jamshidi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Gholami
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Akbarzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shiva Faghih
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Stuart M Phillips
- Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Heshmatipour H, Hajhashemy Z, Mirzaei S, Asadi A, Akhlaghi M, Saneei P. Association of legumes and nuts consumption with metabolic health status in Iranian overweight and obese adolescents. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5784. [PMID: 37031265 PMCID: PMC10082840 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32961-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Limited data are available on the association of legumes and nuts consumption with health status in pediatrics. So, we assessed the relation of legumes and nuts intake with metabolic health status in Iranian adolescents. A random sample of overweight/obese adolescents aged 12 to 18 years was included in this cross-sectional study. Dietary intakes were gathered using a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). We measured metabolic indices including blood pressure, lipid profile, glycemic and anthropometrics indices. Two strategies were used for classification of adolescents to metabolically healthy obese (MHO) or unhealthy obese (MUO): International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and combination of IDF with Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Information on 203 overweight/obese adolescents (50.2% girls and 49.8% boys) with an average age of 13.98 (± 1.61) years and a mean weight of 73.48 (± 11.60) kg/m2 was evaluated. Based on the IDF and IDF/HOMA-IR definition, higher consumption of legumes and nuts consumption was related to a 66% and 61% decreased odds of MUO in crude model (OR = 0.34, 95%CI 0.17-0.69), (OR = 0.39, 95%CI 0.19-0.80); but in fully-adjusted model, these relations disappeared. After adjustment for potential cofounders, an inverse association was found between legumes and nuts consumption and odds of hyperglycemia (OR = 0.35, 95%CI 0.16-0.78). Moreover, although inverse significant associations were found between legumes and nuts consumption and odds of MUO in girls and overweight subjects in crude models, these associations disappeared after adjustment for all confounders. After taking potential confounders into account, no significant association was found between consumption of legumes and nuts and MUO in Iranian adolescents. The findings should be affirmed by further prospective studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Houri Heshmatipour
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Hajhashemy
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeideh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Asadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, PO Box 81745-151, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tirani SA, Mirzaei S, Asadi A, Akhlaghi M, Saneei P. Dairy intake in relation to metabolic health status in overweight and obese adolescents. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18365. [PMID: 36319803 PMCID: PMC9626638 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22827-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There was a lack of evidence on the association between dairy intake and metabolic health status in overweight/obese adolescents. This study evaluated the association between dairy intake and metabolic health status in overweight/obese Iranian adolescents. Overweight/obese adolescents (n = 203; 101 boys and 102 girls) selected by a multistage cluster random sampling method have participated in this cross-sectional study. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure, fasting glucose, insulin, and lipid profile were measured. Participants were categorized to metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) according to International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria and a combination of IDF with Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) criteria. The frequency of MUO based on IDF, and IDF/HOMA-IR definitions was 38.9% and 33.0%, respectively. In fully-adjusted model, participants in the highest tertile of dairy intake had 61% lower odds of MUO based on IDF criteria (OR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.15-0.99). Higher dairy intake was associated with a non-significant lower risk of MUO according to IDF/HOMA-IR definition in the maximally-adjusted model (OR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.17-1.16). Stratifies analysis by sex and body mass index revealed that the association was stronger in girls and overweight subjects. Furthermore, higher intake of low-fat dairy was related to a reduced likelihood of MUO, while higher intake of high-fat dairy was related to increased odds of MUO. This community-based cross-sectional study revealed that higher intake of dairy was associated with a significant lower odd of MUO among Iranian adolescents, especially in girls and overweight subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Amani Tirani
- grid.411036.10000 0001 1498 685XDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Students’ Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeideh Mirzaei
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Asadi
- grid.46072.370000 0004 0612 7950Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- grid.411036.10000 0001 1498 685XDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Dietary fibers prevent obesity through reduction of hunger and prolongation of satiety. A number of mechanical and endocrine signals from gastrointestinal tract are stimulated by fibers and their fermentation products, reach regions of brain involved in the regulation of appetite, and ultimately reduce food intake. Gastric distention, delayed gastric emptying, prevention of hypoglycemic, increased amounts of unabsorbed nutrients reaching to the ileum, and stimulation of enteroendocrine cells for secretion of cholecystokinin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and peptide YY are among mechanisms of fibers in decreasing hunger and prolongation of satiety. Fermentation of fibers produces short-chain fatty acids that also stimulates enteroendocrine cells to secrete GLP-1 and PYY. Randomized controlled trials have shown reductions in energy intake and body weight along with increased satiation and reduced hunger following consumption of fibers. Prospective cohort studies have confirmed these results but the extent of weight loss in some studies has been small. Controversies exist between studies particularly for the effect of fibers on the gastrointestinal hormones, subsequent food intake, and the resultant weight loss. More studies are needed before a clear conclusion can be drawn especially for the effect of fibers on appetite-related hormones and weight loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hashemzadeh M, Teymouri M, Fararouei M, Akhlaghi M. The association of food insecurity and cardiometabolic risk factors was independent of body mass index in Iranian women. J Health Popul Nutr 2022; 41:41. [PMID: 36071476 PMCID: PMC9454170 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-022-00322-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Investigations on food insecurity have shown that food insecurity is inversely associated with health. We examined the association of food insecurity and cardiometabolic risk factors in women living in Shiraz, Iran. Methods The cross-sectional study was performed on 190 females. Food insecurity was assessed by Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Cardiometabolic risk factors including anthropometric characteristics, blood pressure, and serum glucose and lipids were measured. Metabolic syndrome score was calculated according to the criteria described for Iranian adults. The association of food insecurity and cardiometabolic risk factors was assessed by linear regression. Results The prevalence of food security, and mild, moderate, and severe food insecurity was 42.6%, 40.5%, 15.8%, and 1.1%, respectively. Cardiometabolic risk factors worsened with increasing severity of food insecurity. Among the risk factors, body mass index (BMI) had the strongest association with food insecurity. After controlling demographic factors and BMI, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total, LDL, and HDL cholesterols, and metabolic syndrome score still showed significant associations with food insecurity (P < 0.01) but systolic and diastolic blood pressure were no longer associated with food insecurity after adjustment for BMI. Conclusion Overall, although BMI was strongly associated with food insecurity, cardiometabolic risk factors including blood glucose, triglycerides, total, HDL, and LDL cholesterols, and metabolic syndrome score were associated with food insecurity independent of BMI, suggesting that other factors such as lifestyle and diet may have contributed to the exacerbated cardiometabolic risk in food insecure participants of this study. Future studies need to clarify underlying factors in the association of food insecurity and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Collapse
|
17
|
Khatamnejad M, Akhlaghi M. Maternal-child overweight relationship, assessment of maternal perception of child weight status and feeding behaviours. Nutr Health 2022:2601060221124734. [PMID: 36071603 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221124734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents play a key role in constructing children' behaviours. We studies maternal-child overweight relationship and compared maternal perception of child weight status and feeding behaviours between groups of normal-weight and overweight children. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted on 192 girls aged 10-13 years and their mothers. They were divided to two groups of overweight (n = 94) and normal-weight (n = 98) children. Anthropometric characteristics were measured for children and mothers. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between child overweight and tertiles of maternal body mass index (BMI). Maternal perception of child's weight status and her engagement in promoting child's healthy behaviours was assessed. RESULTS BMI and waist circumference was significantly higher in children (P < 0.001) and mothers (P < 0.01) of overweight compared to normal-weight group. There was a significant relationship between children's overweight and tertiles of maternal BMI, which remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders. Mothers of overweight children were more concerned for their child's overeating and overweight, and for compelling the child to diet to maintain a desirable weight (P < 0.001). In contrast, mothers of normal-weight children restricted sugar-sweetened drinks (P = 0.008), offered fruit and vegetables (P = 0.035), and helped their children to get enough physical activity (P = 0.022) and night sleep (P = 0.001) more than mothers in other group. CONCLUSIONS This study showed a strong relationship between children and mothers' overweight. Despite being more concerned about their child weight status, mothers of overweight children reported behaviours which were less encouraging the children for healthy eating and lifestyle than mothers of normal-weight children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mozhgan Khatamnejad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mohammadi S, Lotfi K, Mirzaei S, Asadi A, Akhlaghi M, Saneei P. Dietary total antioxidant capacity in relation to metabolic health status in overweight and obese adolescents. Nutr J 2022; 21:54. [PMID: 36038871 PMCID: PMC9426225 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-022-00806-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although several studies evaluated the relationship between individual dietary antioxidants and metabolic health conditions, data on the association between dietary total antioxidant capacity and metabolic health among children and adolescents is limited. This study investigated the relationship between dietary total antioxidant capacity and metabolic health status in Iranian overweight/obese adolescents. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 203 overweight/obese adolescents. Dietary intakes were evaluated by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Ferric Reducing-Antioxidant Power (FRAP) was considered to indicate dietary total antioxidant capacity. Anthropometric parameters and blood pressure status were measured. Fasting blood samples were obtained to determine circulating insulin, glucose, and lipid profile. Two different methods (modified International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria and IDF criteria along with insulin resistance) were applied to classify participants as metabolically healthy obese (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). Results According to IDF and IDF/HOMA definitions, a total of 79 (38.9%) and 67 (33.0%) adolescents were respectively defined as MUO. Considering IDF criteria, the highest tertile of FRAP was related to lower odds of being MUO in the maximally-adjusted model (OR: 0.40; 95%CI: 0.16–0.96), compared to the lowest tertile. However, based on the IDF/HOMA-IR criteria, no significant relation was found between FRAP and odds of MUO (OR: 0.49; 95%CI: 0.19–1.23) after considering all possible confounders. Conclusions Adolescents with higher intakes of dietary antioxidants have a lower possibility of being MUO based on IDF criteria. However, no substantial relation was found considering HOMA-IR/IDF definition. Further prospective cohort studies need to be done to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sobhan Mohammadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Keyhan Lotfi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Asadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lotfi K, Mohammadi S, Mirzaei S, Asadi A, Akhlaghi M, Saneei P. Dietary total, plant and animal protein intake in relation to metabolic health status in overweight and obese adolescents. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10055. [PMID: 35710856 PMCID: PMC9203557 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14433-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have investigated dietary total protein intake and its subtypes in relation to metabolic health status. We explored the relation between dietary total, plant and animal protein intake with metabolic health status in Iranian overweight/obese adolescents. Overweight/obese adolescents (n = 203) were selected for this cross-sectional study by multistage cluster random-sampling method. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate dietary intakes. Total, plant and animal protein intake were considered as percentage of energy intake. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure, lipid and glycemic profiles were collected. Participants were classified as metabolically healthy obese (MHO) or unhealthy obese (MUO) based on International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and IDF/Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) definitions. Subjects had a mean age of 13.98 years, and 50.2% of them were girls. Based on IDF criteria, adolescents in the top tertile of total (OR = 0.32; 95% CI 0.13–0.77), plant (OR = 0.30; 95% CI 0.10–0.91), and animal (OR = 0.20; 95% CI 0.08–0.54) protein intake had lower odds of being MUO compared to the reference category. Considering IDF/HOMA-IR criteria, subjects in the highest tertile of total (OR = 0.31; 95% CI 0.12–0.79) and animal (OR = 0.17; 95% CI 0.06–0.49) protein intake were less likely to be MUO. However, no substantial association was observed with plant protein intake. Also, an inverse association was observed between each SD increase in total and animal protein with MUO odds. We found inverse association between total, plant and animal protein intake and chance of being MUO in adolescents. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm the findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keyhan Lotfi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sobhan Mohammadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeideh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Asadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hajhashemy Z, Mirzaei S, Asadi A, Akhlaghi M, Saneei P. Association of Dietary Insulin Index and Dietary Insulin Load With Metabolic Health Status in Iranian Overweight and Obese Adolescents. Front Nutr 2022; 9:821089. [PMID: 35369069 PMCID: PMC8969564 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.821089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Limited data are available on the association of dietary insulin load (DIL) and dietary insulin index (DII) with health status in pediatrics. We aimed to investigate the relationship of DIL and DII with metabolic health status in Iranian overweight/obese adolescents. Methods In this cross-sectional study, using a multistage cluster random-sampling method, 203 overweight/obese adolescents (aged 12 to <18 years) were included. A validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used for a dietary intake assessment. Glycemic and lipid profile, blood pressure (BP), and anthropometric indices were measured. Participants were categorized as metabolically healthy obese (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) using the two methods of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and a combination of IDF with Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Results According to IDF and IDF/HOMA-IR strategies, 38.9% (n = 79) and 33.0% (n = 67) of participants belonged to MUO category. After adjustments for potential confounders, subjects in the highest tertile of DIL in comparison with those in the lowest tertile had the odds ratio (OR) values of 8.44 (95% CI: 2.24-31.78) and 5.86 (95% CI: 1.39-24.58) for MUO based on IDF and IDF/HOMA-IR definitions, respectively. Moreover, after considering potential confounders, adolescents in the highest tertile of DII, compared to the lowest tertile, were, respectively, 6.93 (OR: 6.93; 95% CI: 2.59-18.57) and 5.26 (OR: 5.26; 95% CI: 1.85-14.97) times more likely to be MUO, based on IDF and IDF/HOMA-IR definitions. A significant decreasing trend was observed for OR of MUO in tertiles of DIL and DII. The stratified analysis revealed that these associations were stronger in obese participants; in overweight subjects, the association was not independent of confounders. Conclusion This population-based study revealed that higher DIL and DII were strongly related to increased OR of MUO in Iranian adolescents, especially in obese participants. Further investigations, especially with a prospective design, are needed to affirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hajhashemy
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeideh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Asadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Foshati S, Akhlaghi M, Babajafari S. The Effect of Pro-/Synbiotic Supplementation on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Food Funct 2022; 13:8754-8765. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01330d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in supplementation with pro-/synbiotics for brain and mental health. Animal studies have reported that pro-/synbiotic administration can increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a key regulator...
Collapse
|
22
|
Mohammadi S, Lotfi K, Mirzaei S, Asadi A, Akhlaghi M, Saneei P. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Its Association with Metabolic Health Status in Overweight and Obese Adolescents. Int J Clin Pract 2022; 2022:9925267. [PMID: 36043034 PMCID: PMC9377836 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9925267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is becoming more prevalent around the world and greatly contributes to chronic disease progression. Previous studies have investigated individual food groups in relation to metabolic health status of adolescents, mainly in Western countries. Limited data are available on the association between dietary patterns and metabolic health in Middle East nations, where childhood overweight/obesity is increasing drastically. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between the Mediterranean diet and metabolic health status among Iranian adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 203 overweight/obese adolescents. Dietary intakes were evaluated by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric parameters and blood pressure were measured. Fasting blood samples were obtained to determine circulating insulin, glucose, and lipid profile. Two different methods were applied to classify participants as metabolically healthy obese (MHO) or unhealthy obese (MUO): International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria and IDF along with insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) criteria. RESULTS A total of 79 (38.9%) and 67 (33.0%) adolescents were, respectively, categorized as MUO, based on IDF and IDF/HOMA definitions. Considering IDF criteria, higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet was related to lower odds of being MUO, both in the crude (OR: 0.17; 95%CI: 0.08-0.37) and fully adjusted model (OR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.13-0.84). Excluding each component from the score made the association insignificant, except for two components of meat and dairy products. Based on the IDF/HOMA-IR criteria, there was no significant association between Mediterranean diet score and MUO, after considering all potential confounders (OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.17-1.30). CONCLUSIONS We found an inverse association between the Mediterranean diet and odds of MUO among Iranian adolescents, based on IDF criteria. No significant relation was found when MUO was defined based on HOMA-IR/IDF criteria. Further prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sobhan Mohammadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Keyhan Lotfi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Asadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kazemi A, Soltani S, Mokhtari Z, Khan T, Golzarand M, Hosseini E, Jayedi A, Ebrahimpour-Koujan S, Akhlaghi M. The relationship between major food sources of fructose and cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-14. [PMID: 34847334 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2000361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to summarize the associations between food sources of fructose and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), cancer, and all-cause mortality risk using a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to November 2020. We included cohort studies that investigated the relationship between mortality risk (all-cause, CVD, specific CVD, and total and site-specific cancers) and intake of ≥1 food source of fructose (fruit, fruit juice, breakfast cereals, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), sweets, and yogurt) in general adult population. Summary hazard ratios and 95% CIs were estimated using a random-effects model for linear and nonlinear relationships. Findings indicated that each 100 g/d increase in fruit intake was associated with 8-13% lower risk of CVDs, stroke, gastrointestinal, and lung cancer mortality. For all-cause mortality, there was a beneficial relationship up to 200 g/d fruit, and then plateaued. For ischemic heart disease and cancer mortality, there was a beneficial relationship up to 300 g/d followed by a slight increase. Ingestion of breakfast cereals and sweets was also associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality. For yogurt, a non-linear marginal decrease in all-cause mortality was found. Ingestion of each 200 g/d yogurt was associated with a 14% lower risk of CVD mortality. Every 60 g/d increase in sweet intake was linked to a 5% lower risk of all-cause mortality. Contrariwise, every 250 g/d increase in SSBs intake was associated with 7-10% higher risk of all-cause and CVD mortality. In conclusion, beneficial associations were found between fruit, breakfast cereals, sweets, and yogurt with all-cause and/or CVD mortality risk. Fruit intake had also an inverse link with cancer mortality. Conversely, SSBs had a harmful relationship with all-cause and CVD mortality.Registry number: CRD42019144956.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Kazemi
- Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Soltani
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Zeinab Mokhtari
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tauseef Khan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerity Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mahdieh Golzarand
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Hosseini
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Jayedi
- Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Soraiya Ebrahimpour-Koujan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ghaseminasab-Parizi M, Nazarinia MA, Akhlaghi M. The effect of flaxseed with or without anti-inflammatory diet in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2021; 61:1377-1389. [PMID: 34837524 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02707-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Beneficial effect of long-chain ω-3 fatty acids against symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been indicated in previous studies. We examined the effect of flaxseed and anti-inflammatory diet in patients with RA. METHODS The 12-week intervention was performed on 120 patients with RA who were randomized to three groups of flaxseed (30 g/day) plus anti-inflammatory diet (AIF group), flaxseed (30 g/day) plus regular diet (RF group), and roasted wheat (30 g/day) plus regular diet (RW group). Disease Activity Score 28-joints (DAS28), health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) disability and pain, quality of life, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor, and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptides (anti-CCP) were measured before and after trial. Analysis was performed using per-protocol and intention-to-treat (ITT) approaches. RESULTS One hundred and two patients completed the protocol. Flaxseed decreased DAS28 in RF group compared to RW (- 0.87 ± 1.11 vs. - 0.24 ± 0.78; P = 0.014). Pain severity (P ≤ 0.001), morning stiffness (P < 0.05), and disease feeling (P < 0.01) decreased significantly in AIF and RF groups. HAQ disability and quality of life measurements improved in all 3 groups, with a greater extent in AIF and RF groups (P < 0.001) compared to RW. Between-group differences were significant for DAS28, pain scores, and physical and mental health variables. ESR, CRP, anti-CCP, and rheumatoid factor were not different between groups. Results of ITT analysis did not cause much difference. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, flaxseed may be used as a helpful adjuvant therapy for patients with RA. Calls are open for examining the effect of anti-inflammatory diet on RA symptoms. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Registered at irct.ir as IRCT20190923044858N1, February 6, 2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghaseminasab-Parizi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,School of Health, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Ali Nazarinia
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Razi Blvd, 7153675541, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sasani N, Kazemi A, Rezaiyan M, Amiri-Ardekani E, Akhlaghi M, Babajafari S, Mazloomi SM. Effect of Artemisia extract on glycemic control: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14719. [PMID: 34390100 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Animal and human studies have indicated anti-diabetic effect of Asteraceae. The present study aimed to systematically review and analyse randomized controlled trials assessing the effect of Artemisia extract on glycemic status in patients with impaired glycemic control. METHODS Web of Science, Cochrane library, EMBASE and PubMed databases were searched from the earliest possible date up to 7th October 2020. RESULTS Six studies were included in the meta-analysis. Analysis showed that supplementation with Artemisia extract decreased homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (-0.734, 95% CI: -1.236 to -0.232, P = .019) in comparison to placebo. However, reductions in fasting blood glucose (FBG) (-0.595, 95% CI: -1.566 to 0.376, P = .164), insulin (-0.322, 95% CI: -1.047 to 0.404, P = .286) and glycated haemoglobin (-0.106, 95% CI: -0.840 to 0.629, P = .678) were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Supplementation with Artemisia extract may reduce HOMA-IR, but beneficial effects on other markers such as FBG requires further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Sasani
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Asma Kazemi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Rezaiyan
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Amiri-Ardekani
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Association of Indigenous Knowledge, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Siavash Babajafari
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mazloomi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Derakhshandeh-Rishehri SM, Ghobadi S, Akhlaghi M, Faghih S. No adverse effects of dairy products on lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2021; 15:102279. [PMID: 34562868 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The current study aimed to review the effects of dairy foods on lipid profile in randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). METHODS We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Central. RCTs that assess the effects of dairy foods on lipid profile were included. RESULTS The overall effects of dairy foods on lipid profile were non-significant. Dairy foods were associated with a non-significant reduction in triacylglycerol level, and a non-significant increase in total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. CONCLUSION We conclude that dairy foods doesn't have any unfavorable effects on lipids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeed Ghobadi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shiva Faghih
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Foshati S, Ghanizadeh A, Akhlaghi M. Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Improves Depression Symptoms Without Affecting Salivary Cortisol and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Patients With Major Depression: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 122:284-297.e1. [PMID: 34358723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with depression are reluctant to take psychiatric medications. Hence, complementary therapies such as nutritional considerations could be advantageous. The antidepressant potential of olive oil has been proved in observational studies. OBJECTIVE The effect of extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) on depression symptoms and cortisol and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in patients with depression was examined. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS This was a double-blind randomized controlled trial conducted on 73 patients suffering from major depressive disorder in Shiraz, Iran, in 2016. INTERVENTION The patients were randomly assigned to intervention (EVOO) and control (sunflower oil) groups and consumed 25 mL/d of the corresponding oil for 52 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Depression symptoms were assessed by Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and 7-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-7). Salivary cortisol levels were determined immediately after awakening and 30 minutes later. Cortisol awakening response and the area under the curve with respect to ground and increase were computed. Serum BDNF concentrations were also measured. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Statistical analysis was conducted based on intention-to-treat and per-protocol approaches. Within-group changes were examined with repeated measures (for BDI-II and HAMD-7) and with paired t test (for other variables). Between-group comparisons were performed with analysis of covariance after adjustment for confounding factors. RESULTS In intention-to-treat analysis, HAMD-7 score was the only variable with significant changes within and between groups, the latter as a greater decline in EVOO group (P = .001). BDI-II score did not show significant change in either group but the between-group comparison revealed a significant difference (P = .021). EVOO showed antidepressant effect in severely depressed patients (P = .017 for BDI-II and 0.008 for HAMD-7) but not in mild/moderate depression category. Serum BDNF concentrations, salivary cortisol levels at immediately after awakening (T0) and 30 minutes later, cortisol awakening response, the area under the curve with respect to ground and increase did not change within or between groups. Results of per-protocol analysis were not different. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggested beneficial effects of EVOO on depression symptoms in patients with severe depression but not in those with mild to moderate depression. The effects were significant from both statistical and clinical points of view.
Collapse
|
28
|
Foshati S, Ghanizadeh A, Akhlaghi M. The effect of extra virgin olive oil on anthropometric indices, lipid profile, and markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with depression, a double-blind randomised controlled trial. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14254. [PMID: 33884713 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence suggests a mutual association between depression and obesity and also an anti-obesity effect for olive oil. We examined the effect of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on weight, waist circumference, and a number of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with depression. METHODS The randomised double-blind controlled trial was conducted on 62 patients with depression. Patients were randomly allocated to EVOO and sunflower oil groups (n = 31 for each) that consumed 25 mL/day of the corresponding oils for 52 days. An isocaloric diet was prescribed to each patient according to his/her previous energy intake with considering the energy provided by the administered oils. Weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood lipids, malondialdehyde, and hs-C reactive protein (CRP) analysis were performed using the intention-to-treat approach. RESULTS BMI was significantly decreased in sunflower oil group (-0.20 ± 0.53 kg/m2 , P = .047) and waist circumference was significantly decreased in EVOO group (-2.15 ± 2.09 cm, P < .001); however, only reduction of waist circumference was significantly different between groups (P < .001). High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was significantly increased in EVOO group (3.02 ± 6.79 mg/dL, P = .03), without showing a significant between-group difference. Other lipids, malondialdehyde, and hs-CRP did not change. CONCLUSION Overall, the results suggest that both EVOO and sunflower oil may benefit overweight patients with depression, as they respectively decreased waist circumference and BMI without need for administration of a low-calorie diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Foshati
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Psychiatry, UCLA-Kern Psychiatry Residency Program, Kern Medical, Bakersfield, CA, USA
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Derakhshandeh-Rishehri SM, Ghobadi S, Akhlaghi M, Faghih S. The effect of calcium supplement intake on lipid profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:2093-2102. [PMID: 33226265 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1850414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the potential role of dietary calcium in fat excretion, the favorable effects of calcium supplements on lipid profile remains inconclusive. The current study aimed to review the effect of calcium supplement intake on lipid profile in randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Central. RCTs which assessed the effects of calcium supplementation on lipid profile were included. All outcomes were recorded as continuous variables, and the effect size was measured. We classified studies according to dose of supplement, study duration, and dyslipidemia. Calcium supplement intake was associated with a significant reduction in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level (WMD:-0.08; 95%CI:-0.16,-0.01)(mmol/l), especially with intakes of at least 1000 mg/day (WMD:-0.13; 95%CI:-0.23,-0.03)(mmol/l), with intakes of at least 12 weeks (WMD:-0.08; 95%CI: -0.16,-0.00)(mmol/l), and in individuals without dyslipidemia (WMD:-0.15; 95%CI:-0.26,-0.04)(mmol/l). Also, in another subgroup analysis, consumption of less than 1000 mg/day calcium supplement caused a significant increase in Total Cholesterol (TC) level (WMD: 0.24; 95%CI: 0.05,0.42) (mmol/l). In other blood lipids or study subgroups we observed no significant effect. We concluded that calcium supplements had a favorable effect on LDL-C level, especially in individuals without dyslipidemia, higher calcium intakes, and longer period of consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeed Ghobadi
- Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of community nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shiva Faghih
- Department of community nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kohanmoo A, Faghih S, Akhlaghi M. Effect of short- and long-term protein consumption on appetite and appetite-regulating gastrointestinal hormones, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Physiol Behav 2020; 226:113123. [PMID: 32768415 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM High-protein diets are considered as useful diets for weight loss programs. We collected randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effect of protein on appetite and gastrointestinal hormones involved in appetite regulation. METHODS Trials were included if participants were healthy adults and isocaloric treatments were used in control and treatment arms. Random-effects model was used to calculate mean difference and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS In total, 49 publications for acute and 19 articles for long-term effect of protein were included. In acute interventions, protein decreased hunger (-7 mm visual analogue scale (VAS), P<0.001), desire to eat (-5 mm, P = 0.045), and prospective food consumption (-5 mm, P = 0.001) and increased fullness (10 mm, P<0.001) and satiety (4 mm, P<0.001). There was also a decrease in ghrelin (-20 pg/ml, P<0.001) and increase in cholecystokinin (30 pg/ml, P<0.001) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) (21 ng/ml, P<0.001), but no change in gastric inhibitory polypeptide and peptide YY was observed. Appetite markers were affected by protein doses < 35 g but ghrelin, cholecystokinin, and GLP-1 changed significantly after doses ≥ 35 g. Long-term ingestion of protein did not affect these outcomes, except for GLP-1 which showed a significant decrease. CONCLUSION Results of this meta-analysis showed that acute ingestion of protein suppresses appetite, decreases ghrelin, and augments cholecystokinin and GLP-1. Results of long-term trials are inconclusive and further trials are required before a clear and sound conclusion on these trials could be made.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kohanmoo
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shiva Faghih
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Najafi A, Babajafari S, Dabbaghmanesh MH, Akhlaghi M, Shafiee F, Moein-Jahromi Z. Prudent and traditional dietary patterns are positively and negatively associated with bone mineral density in Iranian adults, respectively. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2020; 91:224-234. [PMID: 32319359 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To assess the association of dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD), 340 healthy Iranian adults (mean age 41.5 ± 7.7 y; 79.1% female) participated in this cross-sectional study. Lumbar spine and femoral neck BMDs were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Dietary intakes were evaluated by a valid and reliable 168-item food frequency questionnaire, and three major dietary patterns were identified using principal component factor analysis. Mean values for lumbar spine and femoral neck BMDs in participants were 0.96 ± 0.13 and 0.92 ± 0.12 g/cm2, respectively. After controlling for age, body mass index, physical activity, energy intake, sunlight exposure, gender, education, employment status, supplement intake, and smoking in the analysis of covariance models, multivariable adjusted means of femoral neck BMD of participants in the highest tertile of the prudent pattern score (rich in green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, tomatoes, yellow vegetables, fruits and fruit juices, olives, nuts, fish, low-fat dairy products, and Doogh) were significantly higher than those in the lowest tertile (mean difference and 95% CI: 0.043 [0.003; 0.083] g/cm2, P = 0.032). In contrast, multivariable adjusted means of lumbar spine BMD of participants in the highest tertile of the traditional pattern score (high in Abgoosht, vegetable oils, salt, legumes, pickles, cruciferous vegetables, refined grains, potatoes, and organ meats) were significantly lower than those in the lowest tertile (mean difference and 95% CI: -0.057 [-0.098; -0.015] g/cm2, P = 0.003). The Western pattern was not associated with BMD. In conclusion, the prudent and traditional dietary patterns are positively and negatively associated with BMD in Iranian adults, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aida Najafi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Siavash Babajafari
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shafiee
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Moein-Jahromi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Akhlaghi M, Ghasemi-Nasab M, Riasatian M. Mediterranean diet for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational and clinical investigations. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:575-584. [PMID: 32550210 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00475-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aim Mediterranean diet (MD) is a healthful dietary pattern with benefits for prevention of metabolic diseases including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In the current meta-analysis, we assessed the association between MD and liver steatosis and cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with NAFLD. Methods PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched to find observational and clinical studies on the issue. No restriction on date and language was made. Outcomes included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides (TG), cholesterol fractions, glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, and liver transaminases. Results Seven observational reports and 6 trials met our inclusion criteria and entered in the meta-analysis. In observational studies, there was an inverse association between MD and NAFLD (effect size (ES) = 0.95; 95% CI: 0.90, 1.00; P = 0.05). In trials, subgroup analysis based on the method of liver examination showed effectiveness of MD on steatosis examined by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (P < 0.002; n = 2) but not by ultrasound (P = 0.08; n = 2). MD also showed a significant decreasing effect on BMI (ES = -1.23 kg/m2; 95% CI: -2.38, -0.09), plasma triglycerides (ES = -33.01 mg/dL; 95% CI: -52.84, -13.18), and HOMA-IR (ES = -0.94; 95% CI: -1.29, -0.58) but no significant effect was observed in waist circumference, cholesterol fractions, glucose and insulin, and liver transferases. Conclusion Overall, available data from observational and clinical studies indicated a trend for the relationship between MD and hepatic steatosis. Improvement in the most important risk factors of NAFLD, i.e. BMI, serum triglycerides, and insulin resistance, may be involved in such relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Razi Blvd, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghasemi-Nasab
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Razi Blvd, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryamsadat Riasatian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Razi Blvd, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Barati Boldaji R, Akhlaghi M, Sagheb MM, Esmaeilinezhad Z. Pomegranate juice improves cardiometabolic risk factors, biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in hemodialysis patients: a randomized crossover trial. J Sci Food Agric 2020; 100:846-854. [PMID: 31646650 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pomegranate has antioxidant, cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. We designed a crossover study aimed at determining if consumption of pomegranate juice (PJ) improves lipid profile and oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers of hemodialysis patients. Forty-one hemodialysis patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: PJ-treated group receiving 100 mL of natural PJ immediately after their dialysis session three times a week and the control group receiving the usual care. After 8 weeks, a 4-week washout period was established and then the role of the groups was exchanged. Lipid profile, blood pressure and oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers were measured before and after each sequence. RESULTS Based on the results of intention-to-treat analysis, triglycerides were decreased in PJ condition and increased in the controls. Conversely, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased in PJ and decreased in the control group. Total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol did not significantly change in either condition. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure significantly decreased in PJ condition. Total antioxidant capacity increased in PJ condition (P < 0.001) and decreased in the controls (P < 0.001). Conversely, malondialdehyde and interleukin-6 decreased in PJ (P < 0.001) and increased in the control group (P ≤ 0.001). The changes of these biomarkers were significantly different between the two conditions. CONCLUSIONS Eight-week PJ consumption showed beneficial effects on blood pressure, serum triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, oxidative stress and inflammation in hemodialysis patients. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Barati Boldaji
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Sagheb
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Esmaeilinezhad
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Salighehzadeh R, Sharifiyazdi H, Akhlaghi M, Soltanian S. Serotypes, virulence genes and polymorphism of capsule gene cluster in Lactococcus garvieae isolated from diseased rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) and mugger crocodile ( Crocodylus palustris) in Iran. Iran J Vet Res 2020; 21:26-32. [PMID: 32368222 PMCID: PMC7183378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactococcus garvieae causes lactococcosis in rainbow trout in many parts of the world. AIMS This study was conducted for the existence of the virulent factors and differentiation of the two serotypes in L. garvieae. METHODS Twenty-two strains of L. garvieae isolated from diseased rainbow trout from farms in different regions and mugger crocodile of Iran, were investigated. In order to rapidly detect the presence of the hly1, hly2, hly3, NADH oxidase, sod, pgm, adhPsaA, eno, LPxTG-3, adhCI, and adhCII virulence genes, two multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were developed. Also, simplex PCR method was used to identify the bacterial serotypes, CGC, LPxTG-2, Adhesion, and adhPav virulence genes using the specific primer. RESULTS All varieties of L. garvieae contained the hly1, hly2, hly3, NADH oxidase, pgm, adhPav, LPxTG-3, sod, eno, adhPsaA, adhCI, and CGC virulence genes. Also, adhCII gene was present in all strains except one of the isolates originated from mugger crocodile. In addition, LPxTG-2 gene was only present in one of the isolates belonging to mugger crocodile. Adhesion gene was not present in all the strains. Interestingly, all the 22 strains originated from both hosts were identified as belonging to the serotype I. Based on the phylogenetic sequences of the capsule gene cluster, group all fish isolates into a cluster together with one isolate obtained from mugger crocodile. CONCLUSION Further studies are recommended to investigate the role of virulence genes in L. garvieae and evaluate their pathogenicity to rainbow trout.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. Salighehzadeh
- Resident of Aquatic Animal Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - H. Sharifiyazdi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M. Akhlaghi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S. Soltanian
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Akhlaghi M, Ghasemi Nasab M, Riasatian M, Sadeghi F. Soy isoflavones prevent bone resorption and loss, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:2327-2341. [PMID: 31290343 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1635078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a common bone disease characterized by reduced bone mass resulting from continuous bone resorption. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched to find published trials on the effect of soy isoflavones on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers (bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, pyridinoline, deoxypyridinoline, C-telopeptide, and N-telopeptide). Random-effects inverse-variance model was used to calculate the pooled effects. RESULTS A total of 5313 articles were found, screened, and assessed for eligibility, and finally 52 trials were included in the meta-analysis. Consumption of soy isoflavones caused significant improvement in BMD of lumbar spine (mean difference (MD) = 0.76%; 95% CI: 0.09, 1.42%; p = 0.03), hip (MD = 0.22%; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.42%; p = 0.04), and femoral neck (MD = 2.27%; 95% CI: 1.22, 3.31%; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that in all 3 sites, the improvement was significant in normal weight subjects and interventions longer than a year, although trial location and dosage were also factors influencing isoflavones' impact on BMD. Among markers of bone turnover, osteoprotegerin (MD = 5.79; 95% CI: 3.08, 8.51 pg/ml; p < 0.001), pyridinoline (MD = -5.13; 95% CI: -7.76, -2.50 nmol/mmol; p < 0.001), and C-telopeptides (MD = -0.08; 95% CI: -0.16, -0.00 ng/ml; p = 0.04) were favorably affected by isoflavones while osteocalcin and bone alkaline phosphatase did not change. Subgroup analysis of bone markers showed that in overweight/obese individuals and dosages <90 mg/day, isoflavones are more effective. CONCLUSIONS Soy isoflavones prevent osteoporosis-related bone loss in any weight status or treatment duration. They increase BMD in normal weight subjects and diminish bone resorption in overweight/obese individuals. Although bone resorption may be decelerated over short-term isoflavone consumption, periods longer than a year are probably needed to affect BMD. Isoflavones also appear benefits on bone in any dose or subjects' ethnicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghasemi Nasab
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Riasatian
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadeghi
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Rezazadeh F, Akhlaghi M, Aflaki E. Western and Healthy Dietary Patterns and Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case-Control Study. Nutr Food Sci Res 2019. [DOI: 10.29252/nfsr.6.3.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
|
37
|
Faghih S, Babajafari S, Mirzaei A, Akhlaghi M. Adherence to the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern and mental health in Iranian university students. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1001-1011. [PMID: 31020399 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01961-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Examining the association between adherence to the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern and mental health in Iranian university students. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among 240 university students (mean age 21.5 years; 86.7% female). Mental health was evaluated using validated Persian versions of the 12-item general health questionnaire (GHQ-12) and the 21-item depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21). The lower the subjects' scores on these questionnaires, the better their mental health. Usual past-year dietary intakes were assessed by a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The DASH score was computed based on energy-adjusted intakes of eight major dietary components emphasized or minimized in the DASH pattern. The higher the DASH score of a subject, the greater his/her adherence to the DASH pattern. RESULTS The Pearson's correlation coefficients of DASH score with GHQ-12 total score, DASS-21 total score, and DASS-21 depression, anxiety, and stress subscale scores were - 0.431, - 0.441, - 0.434, - 0.325, and - 0.408, respectively (all P < 0.001). Compared to those in the lowest tertile, subjects in the highest tertile of DASH score had lower means of GHQ-12 total score (mean difference - 4.6; P < 0.001), DASS-21 total score (mean difference - 9.1; P < 0.001), and DASS-21 depression, anxiety, and stress subscale scores (mean differences for depression, anxiety, and stress - 3.6, - 2.4, and - 3.2, respectively; all P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that greater adherence to the DASH dietary pattern is associated with better mental health in Iranian university students. However, prospective studies of sufficient methodological quality are needed to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Faghih
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Siavash Babajafari
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Mirzaei
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Akhlaghi M, Boni MR, Polettini A, Pomi R, Rossi A, De Gioannis G, Muntoni A, Spiga D. Fermentative H 2 production from food waste: Parametric analysis of factor effects. Bioresour Technol 2019; 276:349-360. [PMID: 30654168 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Factorial fermentation experiments on food waste (FW) inoculated with activated sludge (AS) were conducted to investigate the effects of pH and the inoculum-to-substrate ratio (ISR [g VSAS/g TOCFW]) on biohydrogen production. The two parameters affected the H2 yield, the fermentation rate and the biochemical pathways. The minimum and maximum yields were 41 L H2/kg TOCFW (pH = 7.5, ISR = 1.74) and 156-160 L H2/kg TOCFW (pH = 5.5, ISR = 0.58 and 1.74). The range of carbohydrates conversion into H2 was 0.37-1.45 mol H2/mol hexose, corresponding to 9.4-36.2% of the theoretical threshold. A second-order predictive model for H2 production identified an optimum region at low pHs and high ISRs, with a theoretical maximum of 168 L H2/kg TOCFW at pH = 5.5 and ISR = 1.74. The Spearman's correlation method revealed several relationships between the variables, suggesting the potentially governing metabolic pathways, which turned out to involve both hydrogenogenic pathways and competing reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Akhlaghi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Italy
| | - M R Boni
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Italy
| | - A Polettini
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Italy.
| | - R Pomi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Italy
| | - A Rossi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Italy
| | - G De Gioannis
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Italy; IGAG - CNR (Environmental Geology and Geoengineering Institute of the National Research Council), Italy
| | - A Muntoni
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Italy; IGAG - CNR (Environmental Geology and Geoengineering Institute of the National Research Council), Italy
| | - D Spiga
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sadeghi F, Salehi S, Kohanmoo A, Akhlaghi M. Effect of Natural Honey on Glycemic Control and Anthropometric Measures of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial. Int J Prev Med 2019; 10:3. [PMID: 30774837 PMCID: PMC6360845 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_109_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Due to high content of fructose, honey has been introduced as a suitable natural sweetener for patients with type 2 diabetes. We investigated the effect of honey consumption on glycemic control and anthropometric measures of patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods This randomized controlled crossover clinical trial was conducted on 53 patients with type 2 diabetes. The participants were randomly divided into groups of control (weight maintenance diet) or treatment (weight maintenance diet +50 g/day honey) for 8 weeks. After a 4-week washout, the second phase began, in which the role of the groups was interchanged. Blood glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glucose, insulin, and anthropometric characteristics were measured. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS. Repeated measures of ANOVA were used to test differences within- and between the two conditions. Results Forty-two patients completed the study. HbA1c significantly decreased in control (-0.22%, P = 0.03) and nonsignificantly increased in honey condition (+0.17%, P = 0.22). There was a significant difference between the two conditions (P = 0.02). Fasting glucose did not significantly change in either honey or control condition but insulin concentrations (-0.85 μU/ml, P = 0.01) and insulin secretion (-10.7%, P = 0.01) decreased significantly in the control condition. There was no significant difference in any of these parameters between the two conditions. Waist circumference decreased by honey treatment with a significant difference between the two conditions (P = 0.02). Conclusions Eight weeks consumption of 50 g/day honey increased HbA1c and decreased waist circumference of patients with type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadeghi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saedeh Salehi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Kohanmoo
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Salighehzadeh R, Sharifiyazdi H, Akhlaghi M, Khalafian M, Gholamhosseini A, Soltanian S. Molecular and clinical evidence of Aeromonas hydrophila and Fusarium solani co-infection in narrow-clawed crayfish Astacus leptodactylus. Dis Aquat Organ 2019; 132:135-141. [PMID: 30628579 DOI: 10.3354/dao03309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Co-infections occur when a host is infected by 2 or more different pathogen types, either by secondary or simultaneous infections, and are very frequent in nature. In this study, 10 narrow-clawed crayfish Astacus leptodactylus with signs of disease were collected from Haft Baram Lake (Fars province, southern Iran). Samples of fluid from inside the intact abscess and melanized lesions in the cuticle were cultured aseptically onto brain heart infusion agar and Sabouraud dextrose agar for bacterial and fungal agents, respectively. After primary colony isolation for bacterial and fungal agents, the isolates were confirmed as Aeromonas hydrophila and Fusarium solani, using specific PCR methods based on 16S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA sequences that produced a single band of 685 bp and 600 bp, respectively. Partial sequence analysis of the F. solani ITS showed 100% sequence identity among all our samples, as well as a close genetic relationship between this isolate (GenBank accession number MG519784) and those previously reported from loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta in Cape Verde (FJ948133, AM412641, and DQ535186), black-blotched stingray Taeniura melanopsila in Japan (LC019016), and American manatee Trichechus manatus in Japan (AB775569). The results indicate that narrow-clawed crayfish can be infected by A. hydrophila and F. solani simultaneously, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of just such a co-infection in this host. Further studies are necessary to investigate the pathogenicity of these organisms and their effects on narrow-clawed crayfish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Salighehzadeh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Akhlaghi M, Ghobadi S, Zare M, Foshati S. Effect of nuts on energy intake, hunger, and fullness, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 60:84-93. [PMID: 30422677 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1514486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite high energy content, nut consumption has not been associated with weight gain in epidemiological and clinical investigations. Since a satiety effect a decreased sense of hunger in the following meals has been proposed as the mechanism of nuts against obesity, the present meta-analysis was performed to examine how nut consumption affects "energy intake", "hunger", and "fullness". "Weight" was not included among the search terms but weight data were extracted from the collected articles in order to help interpreting the results. A total of 1048 trials were found, of which 31 passed the eligibility process. Daily energy intake was mostly assessed by 3-day food records, and hunger and fullness were estimated by visual analog scale (VAS). Nut consumption was associated with increased energy intake (mean difference (MD) (nuts - control) = 76.3 kcal; 95% CI: 22.7, 130 kcal; P = 0.005). In contrast, hunger suppressed following nut consumption (MD = -6.54 mm VAS; 95% CI: -12.7, -0.42 mm VAS; P = 0.03). Nuts did not affect sense of fullness and weight in the overall estimate. Subgroup analysis based on participants' BMI revealed that energy intake of overweight/obese individuals was increased following nut consumption while such effect was not observed in normal weight participants. In conclusion, pooled estimates of available clinical trials showed increased energy intake following nut consumption in overweight/obese individuals but not in persons with normal weight. Nut consumption was associated with decreased hunger but no effect was observed on fullness and weight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Ghobadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morteza Zare
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sahar Foshati
- Department of Clinical Nutrition School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wisotzki L, Bacon R, Brinchmann J, Cantalupo S, Richter P, Schaye J, Schmidt KB, Urrutia T, Weilbacher PM, Akhlaghi M, Bouché N, Contini T, Guiderdoni B, Herenz EC, Inami H, Kerutt J, Leclercq F, Marino RA, Maseda M, Monreal-Ibero A, Nanayakkara T, Richard J, Saust R, Steinmetz M, Wendt M. Author Correction: Nearly all the sky is covered by Lyman-α emission around high-redshift galaxies. Nature 2018; 563:E31. [PMID: 30377312 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0664-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Change history: In this Letter, author M. Akhlaghi should be associated with affiliation (2) rather than (3). This error has been corrected online.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Wisotzki
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam, Germany.
| | - R Bacon
- Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - J Brinchmann
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Porto, Portugal
| | - S Cantalupo
- Department of Physics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - P Richter
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - J Schaye
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - K B Schmidt
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam, Germany
| | - T Urrutia
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam, Germany
| | - P M Weilbacher
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam, Germany
| | - M Akhlaghi
- Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - N Bouché
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - T Contini
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - B Guiderdoni
- Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - E C Herenz
- Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Inami
- Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - J Kerutt
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam, Germany
| | - F Leclercq
- Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - R A Marino
- Department of Physics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M Maseda
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A Monreal-Ibero
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento Astrofísica, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - T Nanayakkara
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J Richard
- Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - R Saust
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam, Germany
| | - M Steinmetz
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam, Germany
| | - M Wendt
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam, Germany.,Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Rahmdel S, Rezaei M, Ekhlasi J, Zarei SH, Akhlaghi M, Abdollahzadeh SM, Sefidkar R, Mazloomi SM. Heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, Co) in leafy vegetables collected from production sites: their potential health risk to the general population in Shiraz, Iran. Environ Monit Assess 2018; 190:650. [PMID: 30338393 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-7042-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination of vegetables is a great public health concern. One hundred samples of spinach, dill, cilantro, and cress from the production sites of Shiraz, Iran, and its outskirts were, therefore, examined for lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and cobalt (Co) content. The potential health risks of these metals to local residents via the consumption of leafy vegetables were also estimated. The mean concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Co were 3.21, 0.28, 4.55, 40.44, 3.11, and 1.86 mg/kg dry weight, respectively. The Pb level exceeded the permissible limit of 0.3 mg/kg in 44.7% of vegetable samples. The other elements were, however, within FAO/WHO standards. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Co from leafy vegetables was 0.10, 0.01, 0.14, 1.26, 0.10, and 0.06 μg/kg body weight/day, respectively. At the mean and 97.5 percentile levels, all health risk index (HRI) values were less than the safe limit (< 1). Thus, within the area this study was focused on, leafy vegetables did not make a major contribution to the dietary intake of the elements which could be mainly attributed to the low vegetable consumption by the study population (20 g/day). Nevertheless, the lead content of the vegetables should be viewed with some concern. Regular monitoring of heavy metal contamination of foodstuff is recommended to control the sources of contaminants in the food chain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samane Rahmdel
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 71645-111, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Rezaei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jamileh Ekhlasi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Maryam Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Razieh Sefidkar
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 71645-111, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mazloomi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 71645-111, Shiraz, Iran.
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Akhlaghi M, Ghobadi S, Mohammad Hosseini M, Gholami Z, Mohammadian F. Flavanols are potential anti-obesity agents, a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:675-690. [PMID: 29759310 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anti-obesity potential of flavonoids has been shown by animal and human studies. In this meta-analysis, we systematically reviewed controlled clinical trials and quantified the effects of flavonoids and flavonoid subclasses on obesity-related anthropometric measures. METHODS AND RESULTS PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases were searched to identify trials examining the effect of flavonoids on body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and body fat percentage. Fifty eight trials passed the eligibility process. Analysis endpoints were calculated as the mean difference between baseline and post-treatment. Flavonoids were in subclasses of flavanols, flavonols, isoflavones, flavanones, anthocyanins, and proanthocyanidins. They were mostly in the form of supplements and dosages varying from 40 to 1300 mg/day. Among flavonoid subclasses, flavanols showed potential for decreasing BMI, in the overall population (mean difference (MD) = -0.28 kg/m2, P = 0.04; n = 21) and in the subgroups of Asians (MD = -0.42 kg/m2; P = 0.046; n = 13), ages < 50 years (MD = -0.50 kg/m2; P = 0.008; n = 14), BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (MD = -0.30 kg/m2; P = 0.049; n = 15), and at doses ≥ 500 mg/day (MD = -0.36 kg/m2; P = 0.049; n = 12). Isoflavones also decreased BMI of non-Asian populations (MD = -0.26 kg/m2; P = 0.035; n = 13) and doses ≥ 75 mg/day (MD = -0.34 kg/m2; P = 0.027; n = 8). In the overall assessment, flavanols also decreased waist circumference (MD = -0.60 cm; P = 0.02; n = 18) but had no significant effect on body fat percentage. The available trials did not reveal significant effects from flavonols, flavanones, and anthocyanins on the specified anthropometric measures. CONCLUSIONS Overall results of this meta-analysis showed that flavanols have potential against obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Akhlaghi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S Ghobadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - M Mohammad Hosseini
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Z Gholami
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - F Mohammadian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Chaleshgar-Kordasiabi M, Enjezab B, Akhlaghi M, Sabzmakan I. Barriers and reinforcing factors to self-management behaviour in rheumatoid arthritis patients: A qualitative study. Musculoskeletal Care 2018; 16:241-250. [PMID: 29314556 DOI: 10.1002/msc.1221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to explore the view of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients about the barriers and reinforcing factors in practising self-management behaviour (SMB). METHODS This was a qualitative study based on directed content analysis of in-depth semi-structured interviews with 30 patients. The participants were selected using a purposeful sampling approach. The interviews continued until data saturation was reached. The study was conducted over 6 months in 2014-2015 at the Rheumatology Clinic of Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. RESULTS Three main themes and 14 subthemes were extracted. The main themes included behavioural barriers, environmental barriers and reinforcing factors. The subthemes included lack of awareness; poor physician-patient relationship; lack of motivation; negative attitude and willingness; lack of time; cost; housing conditions and in-home equipment; negative social effects; social support; consequences of SMB; and comparing yourself with others. CONCLUSION Behavioural and environmental barriers, as well as social support and outcomes of SMB were the most important barriers and reinforcing factors of SMB. Therefore, considering these factors in patients may help in designing programmes that attempt to reduce barriers and increase reinforcing factors, which ultimately result in higher levels of SMB and quality of life among patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Chaleshgar-Kordasiabi
- Department of Public Health, Health Science Research Center, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - B Enjezab
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran
| | - M Akhlaghi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - I Sabzmakan
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Rezaei S, Akhlaghi M, Sasani MR, Barati Boldaji R. Olive oil lessened fatty liver severity independent of cardiometabolic correction in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized clinical trial. Nutrition 2018; 57:154-161. [PMID: 30170304 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Olive oil has health benefits for the correction of metabolic diseases. We aimed to evaluate the effect of olive oil consumption on the severity of fatty liver and cardiometabolic markers in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. METHODS This randomized, double-blind, clinical trial was conducted on 66 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Patients were divided to receive either olive or sunflower oil, each 20 g/d for 12 wk. A hypocaloric diet (-500 kcal/d) was recommended to all participants. Fatty liver grade, liver enzymes, anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, serum lipid profile, glucose, insulin, malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, and interleukin-6 were assessed pre- and postintervention. RESULTS Fatty liver grade, weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure significantly decreased in both groups. Sunflower oil significantly reduced serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferases and olive oil only decreased serum aspartate aminotransferase. Fat-free mass and skeletal muscle mass significantly reduced after the consumption of sunflower oil and serum triacylglycerols and fat mass significantly declined after the ingestion of olive oil. Among these variables, only changes in fatty liver grade (-0.29 ± 0.46 in sunflower oil versus -0.75 ± 0.45 in olive oil; P < 0.001), skeletal muscle mass (-0.71 ± 1.36 in sunflower oil versus +0.45 ± 2.8 in olive oil; P = 0.04), and body fat percentage (+0.38 ± 5.2% in sunflower oil versus -3.4 ± 5.5% in olive oil; P = 0.04) were significantly different between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Olive oil may alleviate the severity of fatty liver independent of correcting cardiometabolic risk factors. Low-calorie diets may benefit patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease additionally through mitigation of obesity, blood pressure, and liver enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahla Rezaei
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Sasani
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Barati Boldaji
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Babajafari S, Akhlaghi M, Mazloomi SM, Ayaz M, Noorafshan A, Jafari P, Hojhabrimanesh A. The effect of isolated soy protein adjunctive with flaxseed oil on markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, acute phase proteins, and wound healing of burn patients; a randomized clinical trial. Burns 2018; 44:140-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
48
|
Akhlaghi M, Boni MR, De Gioannis G, Muntoni A, Polettini A, Pomi R, Rossi A, Spiga D. A parametric response surface study of fermentative hydrogen production from cheese whey. Bioresour Technol 2017; 244:473-483. [PMID: 28803097 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Batch factorial experiments were performed on cheese whey+wastewater sludge mixtures to evaluate the influence of pH and the inoculum-to-substrate ratio (ISR) on fermentative H2 production and build a related predictive model. ISR and pH affected H2 potential and rate, and the fermentation pathways. The specific H2 yield varied from 61 (ISR=0, pH=7.0) to 371L H2/kg TOCwhey (ISR=1.44gVS/g TOC, pH=5.5). The process duration range was 5.3 (ISR=1.44gVS/g TOC, pH=7.5) - 183h (ISR=0, pH=5.5). The metabolic products included mainly acetate and butyrate followed by ethanol, while propionate was only observed once H2 production had significantly decreased. The multiple metabolic products suggested that the process was governed by several fermentation pathways, presumably overlapping and mutually competing, reducing the conversion yield into H2 compared to that expected with clostridial fermentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Boni
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Italy
| | - Giorgia De Gioannis
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Italy; IGAG - CNR (Environmental Geology and Geoengineering Institute of the National Research Council), Italy
| | - Aldo Muntoni
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Italy; IGAG - CNR (Environmental Geology and Geoengineering Institute of the National Research Council), Italy
| | - Alessandra Polettini
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Italy.
| | - Raffaella Pomi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Italy
| | - Andreina Rossi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Italy
| | - Daniela Spiga
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Akhlaghi M, Zare M, Nouripour F. Effect of Soy and Soy Isoflavones on Obesity-Related Anthropometric Measures: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials. Adv Nutr 2017; 8:705-717. [PMID: 28916571 PMCID: PMC5593113 DOI: 10.3945/an.117.015370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Soy may be a suitable food for anti-obesity efforts because of its high protein and isoflavone content. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate potential effects of soy and soy isoflavones on weight, waist circumference, and fat mass. PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched. Twenty-four trials with soy and 17 trials with isoflavones passed the eligibility stage. According to the results, soy showed no overall statistically significant effect on weight, waist circumference, or fat mass, but a significant increasing effect on weight was observed in some circumstances: for instance, in obese subjects [mean difference (MD): 0.80 kg; 95% CI: 0.15, 1.45 kg; P = 0.02], with ingestions of ≥40 g soy protein/d (MD: 0.94 kg; 95% CI: 0.11, 1.77 kg; P = 0.03), with short-term applications (1-3 mo) (MD: 0.45 kg; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.86 kg; P = 0.03), and when soy was compared with meat (MD: 0.36 kg; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.64 kg; P = 0.03) and whey protein (MD: 1.53 kg; 95% CI: 0.10, 2.96 kg; P = 0.04). In contrast to the effects of soy on weight, soy significantly decreased waist circumference in older ages (MD: -0.36 cm; 95% CI: -0.71, -0.01 cm; P = 0.04), in women (MD: -0.32 cm; 95% CI: -0.57, -0.08 cm; P = 0.01), and at doses of <40 g soy protein/d (MD: -0.31 cm; 95% CI: -0.57, -0.05 cm; P = 0.02). Isoflavone studies, conducted only in women, showed that isoflavones may reduce body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2) (MD: -0.26; 95% CI: -0.55, 0.04; P = 0.085), especially in dosages <100 mg/d (MD: -0.48; 95% CI: -0.90, -0.06; P = 0.02) and in intervention periods of 2-6 mo (MD: -0.28; 95% CI: -0.56, 0.00; P = 0.053), but no effect was observed in higher doses or longer intervention periods. Also, a trend for reduced BMI after consumption of isoflavones was observed in Caucasians (MD: -0.35; 95% CI: -0.74, 0.04; P = 0.08). Overall, results showed that, although soy is the major source of isoflavones, soy and isoflavones may have different impacts on weight status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morteza Zare
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nouripour
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Akhlaghi M, Abtahi-Naeini B, Pourazizi M. Acute vision loss in systemic lupus erythematosus: bilateral combined retinal artery and vein occlusion as a catastrophic form of clinical flare. Lupus 2017; 27:1023-1026. [PMID: 28853639 DOI: 10.1177/0961203317727602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Presentation of a combination of branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO)/central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is extremely rare. Herein, we have presented the case of a 29-year-old female with SLE, who simultaneously developed bilateral CRVO and BRAO/CRAO in the absence of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) as a catastrophic form of clinical flare. A combinatorial diagnosis of CRVO and BRAO/CRAO should be considered during clinical flare-up in a patient with SLE who presents with rapidly progressive visual loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Akhlaghi
- 1 Isfahan Eye Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - B Abtahi-Naeini
- 2 Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - M Pourazizi
- 1 Isfahan Eye Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|