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Honar N, Radanfar R, Ghanizadeh A, Barkhordarian M, Javaherizadeh H. Is attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder increased in patients with celiac disease? Middle East Curr Psychiatry 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43045-022-00201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Some studies have shown that neurological and mental disorders in children with celiac disease are higher than in the general population. The aim of this study is to find frequency of ADHD in celiac patients.
Result
The findings of the study showed that the frequency of ADHD in males was 6 cases (22.2%) and 6 cases (18.2%) in females, and although the ADHD score was higher in males, there was no significant difference in sex (P = 0.697). The frequency of ADHD in terms of age group also showed that there were no hyperactive children in the age group under 5 years of age; in the age group of 5–9 years old, 8 cases (28.6%); in the age group of 10 to 14 years old, 4 cases (19%); and in the age group of 15 and older, no one was diagnosed with ADHD. The chi-square test showed that the frequency of ADHD in terms of age group was not significantly different (P = 0.26). It should be noted that according to Pearson correlation test, there was a reverse correlation between the age and ADHD, but it was not statistically significant (P = 0.33).
Conclusions
The frequency of ADHD among boys and girls with celiac disease was 22.2% and 18.2%, respectively.
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Foshati S, Ghanizadeh A, Akhlaghi M. Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Improves Depression Symptoms Without Affecting Salivary Cortisol and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Patients With Major Depression: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 122:284-297.e1. [PMID: 34358723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with depression are reluctant to take psychiatric medications. Hence, complementary therapies such as nutritional considerations could be advantageous. The antidepressant potential of olive oil has been proved in observational studies. OBJECTIVE The effect of extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) on depression symptoms and cortisol and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in patients with depression was examined. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS This was a double-blind randomized controlled trial conducted on 73 patients suffering from major depressive disorder in Shiraz, Iran, in 2016. INTERVENTION The patients were randomly assigned to intervention (EVOO) and control (sunflower oil) groups and consumed 25 mL/d of the corresponding oil for 52 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Depression symptoms were assessed by Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and 7-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-7). Salivary cortisol levels were determined immediately after awakening and 30 minutes later. Cortisol awakening response and the area under the curve with respect to ground and increase were computed. Serum BDNF concentrations were also measured. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Statistical analysis was conducted based on intention-to-treat and per-protocol approaches. Within-group changes were examined with repeated measures (for BDI-II and HAMD-7) and with paired t test (for other variables). Between-group comparisons were performed with analysis of covariance after adjustment for confounding factors. RESULTS In intention-to-treat analysis, HAMD-7 score was the only variable with significant changes within and between groups, the latter as a greater decline in EVOO group (P = .001). BDI-II score did not show significant change in either group but the between-group comparison revealed a significant difference (P = .021). EVOO showed antidepressant effect in severely depressed patients (P = .017 for BDI-II and 0.008 for HAMD-7) but not in mild/moderate depression category. Serum BDNF concentrations, salivary cortisol levels at immediately after awakening (T0) and 30 minutes later, cortisol awakening response, the area under the curve with respect to ground and increase did not change within or between groups. Results of per-protocol analysis were not different. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggested beneficial effects of EVOO on depression symptoms in patients with severe depression but not in those with mild to moderate depression. The effects were significant from both statistical and clinical points of view.
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Foshati S, Ghanizadeh A, Akhlaghi M. The effect of extra virgin olive oil on anthropometric indices, lipid profile, and markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with depression, a double-blind randomised controlled trial. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14254. [PMID: 33884713 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence suggests a mutual association between depression and obesity and also an anti-obesity effect for olive oil. We examined the effect of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on weight, waist circumference, and a number of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with depression. METHODS The randomised double-blind controlled trial was conducted on 62 patients with depression. Patients were randomly allocated to EVOO and sunflower oil groups (n = 31 for each) that consumed 25 mL/day of the corresponding oils for 52 days. An isocaloric diet was prescribed to each patient according to his/her previous energy intake with considering the energy provided by the administered oils. Weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood lipids, malondialdehyde, and hs-C reactive protein (CRP) analysis were performed using the intention-to-treat approach. RESULTS BMI was significantly decreased in sunflower oil group (-0.20 ± 0.53 kg/m2 , P = .047) and waist circumference was significantly decreased in EVOO group (-2.15 ± 2.09 cm, P < .001); however, only reduction of waist circumference was significantly different between groups (P < .001). High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was significantly increased in EVOO group (3.02 ± 6.79 mg/dL, P = .03), without showing a significant between-group difference. Other lipids, malondialdehyde, and hs-CRP did not change. CONCLUSION Overall, the results suggest that both EVOO and sunflower oil may benefit overweight patients with depression, as they respectively decreased waist circumference and BMI without need for administration of a low-calorie diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Foshati
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Psychiatry, UCLA-Kern Psychiatry Residency Program, Kern Medical, Bakersfield, CA, USA
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Alamolhoda M, Farjami M, Bagheri Z, Ghanizadeh A, Jafari P. Assessing whether child and parent reports of the KINDL questionnaire measure the same constructs of quality of life in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2021; 19:19. [PMID: 33446186 PMCID: PMC7809741 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01649-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Discrepancy between child self-report and parent proxy-report has long been documented in the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measurement of children with chronic health conditions. This study aims to assess whether child and parent reports of the Kinder Lebensqualität fragebogen (KINDL) questionnaire measure the same construct of HRQoL in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD). Methods Participants were 122 Iranian children with ADHD and 127 of their parents, who completed the child and parent reports of the KINDL, respectively. Internal consistency of the child and parent reports were assessed by Cronbach's alpha. The intra-class correlation (ICC) coefficient and factor analysis were applied to assess whether the child self-report and the parent proxy-report measured the same construct of HRQoL. Additionally, convergent and discriminant validity were assessed using the Spearman correlation. Results The results of factor analysis revealed that the child self-report and parent proxy-report measure two different aspects of HRQoL. Moreover, both versions of the KINDL instrument showed excellent convergent and discriminant validity. The internal consistency was close to or greater than 0.7 for all domains of both child and parent reports. Conclusions Although the child self-report and the parent proxy-report of the Persian version of the KINDL have good psychometric properties, they are not interchangeable. This finding indicates that Iranian children with ADHD and their parents evaluate children's HRQoL from their own viewpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Alamolhoda
- Department of Biostatistics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Farjami
- Department of Biostatistics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Bagheri
- Department of Biostatistics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Peyman Jafari
- Department of Biostatistics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Hamidizadeh N, Ranjbar S, Ghanizadeh A, Parvizi MM, Jafari P, Handjani F. Evaluating prevalence of depression, anxiety and hopelessness in patients with Vitiligo on an Iranian population. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:20. [PMID: 32013982 PMCID: PMC6998062 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-1278-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitiligo is caused by partial or complete destruction of melanocytes in the affected skin area and influences the patient's quality of life. Besides physical involvement, vitiligo patients experience a high level of stress. Depression and Anxiety are common psychiatric disorders in vitiligo patients. AIM This study, as the first study, evaluates hopelessness, anxiety, depression and general health of vitiligo patients in comparison with normal controls in an Iranian population. METHOD Hundred patients with vitiligo and hundred healthy controls were examined. General health, depression, hopelessness and anxiety were evaluated based on general health questionnaire. Anxiety, depression and hopelessness levels were analyzed using Chi-Square, and the mean value of general health was evaluated through t-test. RESULTS The results showed that anxiety and hopelessness levels were significantly higher in vitiligo patients than those who are in healthy controls. This significant difference refers to high levels of anxiety and hopelessness among women with vitiligo. It was also found that the single patients were more anxious, hopeless and depressive, while the married patients were only more anxious and hopeless than those who are in the control group, respectively. General health of patients was significantly worse than in healthy controls. The low level of general health in patients was related to poorer level of general health among women with vitiligo. CONCLUSION It seems that women with vitiligo are more mentally stressed than men with vitiligo. Both singles and married vitiligo patients suffer from anxiety and hopelessness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Hamidizadeh
- Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 7134844119, Zand Avenue, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Sara Ranjbar
- Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 7134844119, Zand Avenue, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Psychiatry, UCLA-Kern Psychiatry Residency Program, Kern Medical, Kern Behavioral Health and Recovery Services, Bakersfield, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Parvizi
- Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 7134844119, Zand Avenue, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Peyman Jafari
- Department of Biostatistics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farhad Handjani
- Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 7134844119, Zand Avenue, Shiraz, Iran
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Mohammadi MR, Ahmadi N, Khaleghi A, Zarafshan H, Mostafavi SA, Kamali K, Rahgozar M, Ahmadi A, Hooshyari Z, Alavi SS, Shakiba A, Salmanian M, Molavi P, Sarraf N, Hojjat SK, Mohammadzadeh S, Amiri S, Arman S, Ghanizadeh A. Prevalence of Autism and its Comorbidities and the Relationship with Maternal Psychopathology: A National Population-Based Study. Arch Iran Med 2019; 22:546-553. [PMID: 31679355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no clear picture regarding the prevalence rates of autism and its comorbidities among Iranian children and adolescents. The present study aimed to estimate these rates as part of a large national population-based study on epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in Iranian children and adolescents. METHODS The total sample consisted of 31000 children and adolescents between 6 to 18 years of age. The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Present and Life time version (K-SADS-PL) was used as the diagnostic tool. RESULTS The prevalence of autism in the total sample is equal to 0.1% (10 per 10000), with a 2:1 male-to-female ratio. In total, 86% of people with autism had at least one comorbid condition. Intellectual disability, epilepsy, enuresis and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with prevalence rates of 70.3%, 29.7%, 27% and 21.62%, respectively, were the most prevalent comorbid conditions in people with autism. Maternal personality disorders were also shown to be associated with increasing risk of autism. CONCLUSION The present study shows high prevalence rates for autism and its comorbid conditions among Iranian children and adolescents. It also reveals that there is a relationship between some maternal psychiatric disorders and the risk of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Ahmadi
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Khaleghi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Zarafshan
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed-Ali Mostafavi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Koorosh Kamali
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rahgozar
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Ahmadi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hooshyari
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Salman Alavi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alia Shakiba
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Salmanian
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parviz Molavi
- Department of Psychiatry, Fatemi Hospital, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Nasrin Sarraf
- Department of Child and Adolescent psychiatry, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Seyed Kaveh Hojjat
- Addiction and Behavioral Sciences Research center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Soleiman Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Amiri
- Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soroor Arman
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Mohammadi MR, Salmanian M, Hooshyari Z, Shakiba A, Alavi SS, Ahmadi A, Khaleghi A, Zarafshan H, Mostafavi SA, Alaghmand A, Molavi P, Mahmoudi-Gharaei J, Kamali K, Ghanizadeh A, Nazari H, Sarraf N, Ahmadipour A, Derakhshanpour F, Riahi F. Lifetime prevalence, sociodemographic predictors, and comorbidities of oppositional defiant disorder: the National Epidemiology of Iranian Child and Adolescent Psychiatric disorders (IRCAP). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 42:162-167. [PMID: 31433003 PMCID: PMC7115452 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This was the first national epidemiological study on oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) in Iran, which provided new information about the prevalence, comorbidities, and sociodemographic predictors of ODD. METHODS Data from a face-to-face household survey of 30,532 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years were collected from across all 31 provinces of Iran using a multistage cluster sampling design. The Persian version of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children - Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) was used in this study. RESULTS The lifetime prevalence of ODD was found to be 3.9%. ODD was significantly more common in boys than girls and appeared in late adolescence more frequently than in childhood. A lower prevalence of ODD was found among participants who lived in rural areas. ODD is highly likely to co-occur with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, separation anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and depressive disorders. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this national population-based study confirm and extend previous findings on the prevalence, comorbidities, and sociodemographic predictors of ODD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Salmanian
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hooshyari
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alia Shakiba
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Salman Alavi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Ahmadi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Khaleghi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Zarafshan
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Mostafavi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anita Alaghmand
- Department of Psychiatry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Parviz Molavi
- Department of Psychiatry, Fatemi Hospital, Ardabil University Of Medical Sciences, Ardebil, Iran
| | - Javad Mahmoudi-Gharaei
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Koorosh Kamali
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hedayat Nazari
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorram Abad, Iran
| | - Nasrin Sarraf
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ahmadipour
- Department of Psychiatry, Booshehr University of Medical Sciences, Khalij-E Fars Hospital, Booshehr, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Derakhshanpour
- Golestan Psychiatric Research Center, Gholestan University of Medical Sciences, Gholestan, Iran
| | - Forough Riahi
- Department of Psychiatry, Jondi Shapour University, Ahvaz, Iran
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Keromnes G, Chokron S, Celume MP, Berthoz A, Botbol M, Canitano R, Du Boisgueheneuc F, Jaafari N, Lavenne-Collot N, Martin B, Motillon T, Thirioux B, Scandurra V, Wehrmann M, Ghanizadeh A, Tordjman S. Exploring Self-Consciousness From Self- and Other-Image Recognition in the Mirror: Concepts and Evaluation. Front Psychol 2019; 10:719. [PMID: 31133909 PMCID: PMC6524719 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A historical review of the concepts of self-consciousness is presented, highlighting the important role of the body (particularly, body perception but also body action), and the social other in the construction of self-consciousness. More precisely, body perception, especially intermodal sensory perception including kinesthetic perception, is involved in the construction of a sense of self allowing self-other differentiation. Furthermore, the social other, through very early social and emotional interactions, provides meaning to the infant’s perception and contributes to the development of his/her symbolization capacities. This is a necessary condition for body image representation and awareness of a permanent self in a time-space continuum (invariant over time and space). Self-image recognition impairments in the mirror are also discussed regarding a comprehensive developmental theory of self-consciousness. Then, a neuropsychological and neurophysiological approach to self-consciousness reviews the role of complex brain activation/integration pathways and the mirror neuron system in self-consciousness. Finally, this article offers new perspectives on self-consciousness evaluation using a double mirror paradigm to study self- and other- image and body recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Keromnes
- Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent (PHUPEA), Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Sylvie Chokron
- Laboratoire de Psychologie de la Perception (LPP), Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8242, Paris, France
| | - Macarena-Paz Celume
- Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent (PHUPEA), Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.,Laboratoire de Psychologie et d'Ergonomie Appliquées (LaPEA), Université Paris Descartes, UMR T7708, Boulogne Billancourt, France
| | - Alain Berthoz
- Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Perception et de l'Action, Collège de France, CNRS UMR 7152, Paris, France
| | - Michel Botbol
- CHU de Brest - Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, CHU de Brest, Hôpital de Bohars, Bohars, France
| | - Roberto Canitano
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Foucaud Du Boisgueheneuc
- Département de Neurologie, Centre de Mémoire de Ressource et de Recherche, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Nemat Jaafari
- Université de Poitiers, Unité de Recherche Clinique Intersectorielle en Psychiatrie à Vocation Régionale Pierre-Deniker du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Poitiers, France.,INSERM U 1084, Experimental and Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Groupement de Recherche, CNRS 3557, Poitiers, France
| | - Nathalie Lavenne-Collot
- CHU de Brest - Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, CHU de Brest, Hôpital de Bohars, Bohars, France
| | - Brice Martin
- Service Universitaire de Réhabilitation, Hôpital du Vinatier, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5229, Lyon, France
| | - Tom Motillon
- Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent (PHUPEA), Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Bérangère Thirioux
- Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Perception et de l'Action, Collège de France, CNRS UMR 7152, Paris, France.,Université de Poitiers, Unité de Recherche Clinique Intersectorielle en Psychiatrie à Vocation Régionale Pierre-Deniker du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Poitiers, France
| | - Valeria Scandurra
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Moritz Wehrmann
- International Research Institute for Cultural Techniques and Media Philosophy, Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, Weimar, Germany
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Department of Neuroscience, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sylvie Tordjman
- Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent (PHUPEA), Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.,Laboratoire de Psychologie de la Perception (LPP), Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8242, Paris, France
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9
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Mohammadi MR, Ahmadi N, Khaleghi A, Mostafavi SA, Kamali K, Rahgozar M, Ahmadi A, Hooshyari Z, Alavi SS, Molavi P, Sarraf N, Hojjat SK, Mohammadzadeh S, Amiri S, Arman S, Ghanizadeh A, Ahmadipour A, Ostovar R, Nazari H, Hosseini SH, Golbon A, Derakhshanpour F, Delpisheh A, Riahi F, Talepasand S, Mojahed A, Hajian Motlagh N, Heydari Yazdi AS, Ahmadpanah M, Dastjerdi R, Amirian H, Armani A, Safavi P, Kousha M, Alaghmand A, Eslami Shahrbabaki M, Kiani A, Mahmoudi Gharaei J, Shakiba A, Zarafshan H, Salmanian M, Taylor E, Fombonne E. Prevalence and Correlates of Psychiatric Disorders in a National Survey of Iranian Children and Adolescents. IJPS 2019. [DOI: 10.18502/ijps.v14i1.418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Considering the impact of rapid sociocultural, political, and economical changes on societies and families, population-based surveys of mental disorders in different communities are needed to describe the magnitude of mental health problems and their disabling effects at the individual, familial, and societal levels.
Method: A population-based cross sectional survey (IRCAP project) of 30 532 children and adolescents between 6 and 18 years was conducted in all provinces of Iran using a multistage cluster sampling method. Data were collected by 250 clinical psychologists trained to use the validated Persian version of the semi-structured diagnostic interview Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-PL (K-SADS-PL).
Results: In this national epidemiological survey, 6209 out of 30 532 (22.31%) were diagnosed with at least one psychiatric disorder. The anxiety disorders (14.13%) and behavioral disorders (8.3%) had the highest prevalence, while eating disorders (0.13%) and psychotic symptoms (0.26%) had the lowest. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was significantly lower in girls (OR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.80-0.90), in those living in the rural area (OR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.73-0.87), in those aged 15-18 years (OR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86-0.99), as well as that was significantly higher in those who had a parent suffering from mental disorders (OR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.63-2.36 for mother and OR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.07-1.66 for father) or physical illness (OR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.17-1.35 for mother and OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.10-1.28 for father).
Conclusion: About one fifth of Iranian children and adolescents suffer from at least one psychiatric disorder. Therefore, we should give a greater priority to promoting mental health and public health, provide more accessible services and trainings, and reduce barriers to accessing existing services.
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10
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Mohammadi MR, Ahmadi N, Khaleghi A, Mostafavi SA, Kamali K, Rahgozar M, Ahmadi A, Hooshyari Z, Alavi SS, Molavi P, Sarraf N, Hojjat SK, Mohammadzadeh S, Amiri S, Arman S, Ghanizadeh A, Ahmadipour A, Ostovar R, Nazari H, Hosseini SH, Golbon A, Derakhshanpour F, Delpisheh A, Riahi F, Talepasand S, Mojahed A, Hajian Motlagh N, Heydari Yazdi AS, Ahmadpanah M, Dastjerdi R, Amirian H, Armani A, Safavi P, Kousha M, Alaghmand A, Eslami Shahrbabaki M, Kiani A, Mahmoudi Gharaei J, Shakiba A, Zarafshan H, Salmanian M, Taylor E, Fombonne E. Prevalence and Correlates of Psychiatric Disorders in a National Survey of Iranian Children and Adolescents. Iran J Psychiatry 2019; 14:1-15. [PMID: 31114613 PMCID: PMC6505051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Considering the impact of rapid sociocultural, political, and economical changes on societies and families, population-based surveys of mental disorders in different communities are needed to describe the magnitude of mental health problems and their disabling effects at the individual, familial, and societal levels. Method : A population-based cross sectional survey (IRCAP project) of 30 532 children and adolescents between 6 and 18 years was conducted in all provinces of Iran using a multistage cluster sampling method. Data were collected by 250 clinical psychologists trained to use the validated Persian version of the semi-structured diagnostic interview Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-PL (K-SADS-PL). Results: In this national epidemiological survey, 6209 out of 30 532 (22.31%) were diagnosed with at least one psychiatric disorder. The anxiety disorders (14.13%) and behavioral disorders (8.3%) had the highest prevalence, while eating disorders (0.13%) and psychotic symptoms (0.26%) had the lowest. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was significantly lower in girls (OR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.80-0.90), in those living in the rural area (OR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.73-0.87), in those aged 15-18 years (OR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86-0.99), as well as that was significantly higher in those who had a parent suffering from mental disorders (OR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.63-2.36 for mother and OR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.07-1.66 for father) or physical illness (OR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.17-1.35 for mother and OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.10-1.28 for father). Conclusion: About one fifth of Iranian children and adolescents suffer from at least one psychiatric disorder. Therefore, we should give a greater priority to promoting mental health and public health, provide more accessible services and trainings, and reduce barriers to accessing existing services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Ahmadi
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Corresponding Authors: Ali Khaleghi. Address: Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel: 98-9163464494, Fax: 98-2155421959, Nastaran Ahmadi. Address: Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Tel: 98-3535231421, Fax: 98-3535231421,
;
| | - Ali Khaleghi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Corresponding Authors: Ali Khaleghi. Address: Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel: 98-9163464494, Fax: 98-2155421959, Nastaran Ahmadi. Address: Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Tel: 98-3535231421, Fax: 98-3535231421,
;
| | - Seyed Ali Mostafavi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Koorosh Kamali
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rahgozar
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ameneh Ahmadi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hooshyari
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Salman Alavi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parviz Molavi
- Department of Psychiatry, Fatemi Hospital, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Nasrin Sarraf
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Seyed Kaveh Hojjat
- Addiction and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Soleiman Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Amiri
- Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soroor Arman
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ahmadipour
- Department of Psychiatry, Booshehr University of Medical Sciences, Khalij-e-Fars Hospital, Booshehr, Iran
| | - Rahim Ostovar
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Hedayat Nazari
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorram Abad, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamzeh Hosseini
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Atieh Golbon
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | | | - Ali Delpisheh
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Forough Riahi
- Department of Psychiatry, Golestan Educational Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Siavash Talepasand
- Department of Educational Sciences and Development of Handicapped Children, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
| | - Azizollah Mojahed
- Health Promotion Research Center, Department of Clinical Psychology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | | | - Aazam Sadat Heydari Yazdi
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ahmadpanah
- Research Center for Behavioral Disorders and Substance Abuse, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Houshang Amirian
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Alireza Armani
- Department of Psychiatry, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Parvin Safavi
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Hajar Hospital, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Maryam Kousha
- Department of Pediatric Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Anita Alaghmand
- Department of Psychiatric, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mahin Eslami Shahrbabaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Research Center and Institute of Neuropharmachology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Arezou Kiani
- Department of Psychiatry, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Javad Mahmoudi Gharaei
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alia Shakiba
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Zarafshan
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Salmanian
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eric Taylor
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Fombonne
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States of America
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11
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Ghanizadeh A, Molla M, Olango GJ. The effect of stimulants on irritability in autism comorbid with ADHD: a systematic review. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:1547-1555. [PMID: 31239689 PMCID: PMC6559223 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s194022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: While there is a very high rate of comorbidity of autism and ADHD, there are controversies about prescribing stimulants in children with autism. This is a systematic review about the effect of stimulants on irritability in children with both autism and ADHD. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to study the possible effect of stimulants on irritability in autism and ADHD using the databases of PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and ScienceDirect in September 2018. Eligible clinical trials of stimulants in the treatment of Autism and ADHD without restriction of language were included. The primary outcome was irritability score. The full texts of relevant articles were studied, and their references were scanned for any possible related article. Results: Out of 1,315 citations, there were 26 relevant articles. Of the relevant articles, 16 were not interventional studies and were excluded. There were 10 interventional studies. None of them considered irritability as a main outcome. Also, none of them studied the effect of stimulants on irritability in autism plus ADHD. Current uncontrolled evidence about the association of stimulants with irritability is controversial. Conclusion: The current evidence is not enough to support or discourage the effect of stimulants on irritability in children and adolescents with both autism and ADHD. Well-designed controlled clinical trials need to be conducted for this ignored research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Psychiatry, UCLA-Kern Psychiatry Residency Program, Kern Medical, Kern Behavioral Health and Recovery Services, Bakersfield, CA, USA
| | - Mohammed Molla
- Department of Psychiatry, UCLA-Kern Psychiatry Residency Program, Kern Medical, Kern Behavioral Health and Recovery Services, Bakersfield, CA, USA
| | - Garth Jon Olango
- Department of Psychiatry, UCLA-Kern Psychiatry Residency Program, Kern Medical, Kern Behavioral Health and Recovery Services, Bakersfield, CA, USA
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12
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Sotoodeh MS, Arabameri E, Panahibakhsh M, Kheiroddin F, Mirdoozandeh H, Ghanizadeh A. Effectiveness of yoga training program on the severity of autism. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2017; 28:47-53. [PMID: 28779937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the effect of yoga training program (YTP) on the severity of autism in children with High Function Autism (HFA). Twenty-nine children aged 7 to 15 (mean = 11.22, SD = 2.91) years were randomly allocated to either yoga or control group. The participants in the yoga group received an 8-week (24-session) Yoga Training Program (YTP). Parents or caregivers of participants completed autism treatment evaluation checklist (ATEC) at baseline and the end of the intervention. The results of the analysis showed that there were significant differences between the two groups with regards to all ATEC sub-scores except ATEC I (speech/language/communication). This study provides support for the implementation of a yoga training program and identifies specific procedural enhancements to reduce the severity of symptoms in children with autism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elahe Arabameri
- Department of Physical Education, University of Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Hatef Mirdoozandeh
- Department of Physical Education, Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
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13
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Ghanizadeh A, Mohammadi MR, Bahraini S, Keshavarzi Z, Firoozabadi A, Alavi Shoshtari A. Efficacy of N-Acetylcysteine Augmentation on Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A Multicenter Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial. Iran J Psychiatry 2017; 12:134-141. [PMID: 28659986 PMCID: PMC5483239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Glutamate is considered a target for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The efficacy and safety of the nutritional supplement of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) as an adjuvant to serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) for treating children and adolescents with OCD has never been examined. Method: This was a 10-week randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial with 34 OCD outpatients. The patients received citalopram plus NAC or placebo. Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™) were used. Adverse effects were monitored. Results: YBOCS score was not different between the two groups at baseline, but the score was different between the two groups at the end of this trial (P<0.02). The YBOCS score of NAC group significantly decreased from 21.0(8.2) to 11.3(5.7) during this study. However, no statistically significant decrease of YBOCS was found in the placebo group. The Cohen's d effect size was 0.83. The mean change of score of resistance/control to obsessions in the NAC and placebo groups was 1.8(2.3) and 0.8(2.1), respectively (P = 0.2). However, the mean score of change for resistance/control to compulsion in the NAC and placebo groups was 2.3(1.8) and 0.9(2.3), respectively. Cohen's d effect size was 0.42. The score of three domains of quality of life significantly decreased in N-Acetylcysteine group during this trial. However, no statistically significant decrease was detected in the placebo group. No serious adverse effect was found in the two groups. Conclusion: This trial suggests that NAC adds to the effect of citalopram in improving resistance/control to compulsions in OCD children and adolescents. In addition, it is well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Corresponding Author: Address: Roozbeh Hospital, South Kargar Avenue, 1333715914, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98-2155413540 Fax: +98-2155421959,
| | - Shahla Bahraini
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Keshavarzi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Firoozabadi
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Alavi Shoshtari
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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14
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Faghih M, Shahraki HR, Ghanizadeh A, Ayatollahi SMT. Evaluation of Simultaneous Effect of Lovastatin Plus Fluoxetine on Depression Using Linear Mixed Model with LASSO Penalty. Glob J Health Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v9n4p57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
<p>The effect of lovastatin plus fluoxetine on depression has been investigated in many studies, but ignoring other effective factors has decreased the accuracy of the results. The aim of this study was to assess the simultaneous effect of lovastatin plus fluoxetine on depression while controlling a large number of potential covariates using penalized linear mixed model in a longitudinal study. 60 patients with major depressive disorder according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were enrolled. The sample was randomly allocated into fluoxetine (up to 40 mg/day) plus lovastatin (30 mg/day) group and fluoxetine (up to 40 mg/day) plus placebo group. Hamilton depression rating scale was used to measure the depression score at baseline, week 2, and week 6. We used linear mixed model (LMM) with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalty. Among 60 patients, 39 (65%) were female with a mean age of 31.93 (9.8) years; 51.7% of the patients were married, a majority (73%) lived in village, and 45% of them had high school education. Both groups showed a significant decrease in depression score using Hamilton Depression scale. However, depression score in the treatment group decreased more than the placebo group (Mean=12.8(SD=6.3) vs. Mean=8.2(SD=4.0), t=3.4, P<.001).The proposed model revealed that in the presence of the other covariates, lovastatin plus fluoxetine could play a key role in the reduction of depression. It was also shown that all of the covariates except blood pressure had a significant effect on depression. Linear mixed model with LASSO penalty revealed that sex, age, education, physical illness had the most significant effect on depression.</p>results demonstrated that the masters’ students were possessed of less spiritual growth, indicating the need for more accurate planning towards improving students’ health-promoting lifestyles. So, it was recommended that more attention be paid to the improvement of health-promoting lifestyles, especially in terms of spiritual growth.<p> </p>
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15
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Davami MH, Baharlou R, Ahmadi Vasmehjani A, Ghanizadeh A, Keshtkar M, Dezhkam I, Atashzar MR. Elevated IL-17 and TGF-β Serum Levels: A Positive Correlation between T-helper 17 Cell-Related Pro-Inflammatory Responses with Major Depressive Disorder. Basic Clin Neurosci 2016; 7:137-42. [PMID: 27303608 PMCID: PMC4892318 DOI: 10.15412/j.bcn.03070207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Depression is a mental disorder that highly associated with immune system. Therefore, this study compares the serum concentrations of IL-21, IL-17, and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) between patients with major depressive disorder and healthy controls. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 41 patients with major depressive disorder and 40 healthy age-matched controls with no history of malignancies or autoimmune disorders. The subjects were interviewed face to face according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Depression score was measured using completed Beck Depression Inventory in both groups. The serum concentrations of IL-21, IL-17, and TGF-β were assessed using ELISA. Results: The mean score of Beck Depression score in the patient and control groups was 35.4±5.5 and 11.1±2.3. IL-17 serum concentrations in the patients and the control group were 10.03±0.6 and 7.6±0.6 pg/mL, respectively (P=0.0002). TGF-β level in the patients group was significantly higher than compare to the control group; 336.7±20.19 vs. 174.8±27.20 pg/mL, (P<0.0001). However, the level of IL-21 was not statistically different between the two groups 84.30±4.57 vs. 84.12±4.15 pg/mL (P>0.05). Conclusion: Considering pro-inflammatory cytokines, current results support the association of inflammatory response and depressive disorder. So, it seems that pro-inflammatory factors profile can be used as indicator in following of depression progress and its treatment impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hasan Davami
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Rasoul Baharlou
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Abbas Ahmadi Vasmehjani
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mitra Keshtkar
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Iman Dezhkam
- Department of Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Atashzar
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
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16
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Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES No clear therapeutic benefits of antipsychotics have been reported for the treatment of behavioural symptoms in autism. This systematic review provides an assessment of evidence for treating irritability in autism by aripiprazole. METHODS The databases of MEDLINE/PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for relevant articles about the effect of aripiprazole in children with autism. The articles were searched according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria specifed for this review. All the double-blind, controlled, randomized, clinical trials examining the efficacy of aripiprazole for treating children and adolescents with autism were included. RESULTS From the 93 titles identified, 26 were irrelevant and 58 were evaluated for more details. Only five articles met the inclusive criteria. The evidence from precise randomized double blind clinical trials of aripiprazole for the treatment of autism in children and adolescents was convincing enough to recommend aripiprazole. Adverse effects were not very common and were usually mild. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS Current evidence suggests that aripiprazole is as effective and safe as risperidone for treating irritability in autism. However, further studies with larger sample size and longer duration are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences; Department of Psychiatry; Substance Abuse Research Center; Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences & Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, France
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17
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Mohammadi MR, Ahmadi N, Salmanian M, Asadian-koohestani F, Ghanizadeh A, Alavi A, Malek A, Dastgiri S, Moharreri F, Hebrani P, Arman S, Khoshhal Dastjerdi J, Motavallian A. Psychiatric Disorders in Iranian Children and Adolescents. Iran J Psychiatry 2016; 11:87-98. [PMID: 27437005 PMCID: PMC4947225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents in five provinces of Iran: Tehran, Shiraz, Isfahan, Tabriz and Mashhad. METHOD In the present study, we selected 9,636 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years through multistage cluster random sampling method from Tehran, Shiraz, Isfahan, Tabriz and Mashhad. We instructed the clinical psychologists to complete the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for the participants, andthose who received a high score on SDQ, completed the Persian version of Kiddie-SADS-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). We used descriptive analysis and 95% confidence interval to investigate the relationship between scores of the K-SADS questionnaire and demographic factors. We used one-way ANOVA to test the significant differences among the disorders according to sex, age and province of residence. RESULTS Based on the results, oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (4.45%) had the highest prevalence of psychiatric disorders in the five provinces and substance abuse and alcohol abuse (0%) had the lowest prevalence. In addition, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) had the most prevalence in boys (5.03%) and ODD had the most prevalence in girls (4.05%). Among the three age groups, 6 to 9 year olds had the highest rates of ADHD (5.69%); 10 to 14 and 15 to 18 year olds had the highest rates of ODD (4.32% and 4.37% respectively). Among the five provinces, Tehran and Mashhad allocated the highest rates of ODD; Isfahan and Shiraz had the highest rates of ADHD; and Tabriz had the highest rates of social phobia. CONCLUSION The current study revealed that the overall frequency of psychiatric disorders based on Kiddie-SADS-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) was higher than a similar study. Moreover, in this study, among the five provinces, Tehran and Mashhad allocated the highest rates of ODD; Isfahan and Shiraz had the highest rates of ADHD; and Tabriz had the highest rates of social phobia. Therefore, these percentage of psychiatric disorders in Iran lead us toward a greater use of consultation and mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Ahmadi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Corresponding author: Nastaran Ahmadi, MSC, Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, South Kargar Street, Tehran 13337, Iran. Tel: +98 21 55413540, Fax:+98 21 55421959,
| | - Maryam Salmanian
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Alavi
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ayyoub Malek
- Clinical Psychiatry Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Dastgiri
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moharreri
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Paria Hebrani
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Soroor Arman
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Javad Khoshhal Dastjerdi
- Department of Geography, Geographic Sciences and Planning Faculty, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Motavallian
- Deputy of Research, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ghanizadeh A. Twice-weekly aripiprazole for treating children and adolescents with tic disorder, a randomized controlled clinical trial. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2016; 15:21. [PMID: 27579050 PMCID: PMC5004313 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-016-0112-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Treating tic disorder is challenging. No trial has ever examined whether twice weekly aripiprazole is effective for treating tic disorders. METHODS Participants of this 8-week randomized controlled parallel-group clinical trial were a clinical sample of 36 children and adolescents with tic disorder. Yale global tic severity scale was used to assess the outcome. Both groups received daily dosage of aripiprazole for the first 14 days. Then, one group received daily dose of aripiprazole while the other group received twice weekly dosage of aripiprazole for the next 46 days. The patients were assessed at baseline, week 2, 4, and 8. RESULTS Tic scores decreased in both group significantly 22.8 (18.5) versus 22.0 (11.6). Moreover, there was no between group difference. The final mean (SD) score of motor and vocal tics in the group treated with daily treatment was not significantly different from the twice weekly group (Cohen's d = 0.36). The odds ratios for sedation and increased appetite were 3.05 and 3, respectively. DISCUSSION For the first time, current findings support that twice weekly aripiprazole efficacy was not different from that of daily treatment. The rate of drowsiness in the twice weekly treatment group was less than that of the daily treatment group. This trial was registered at http://www.irct.ir. The registration number of this trial was: IRCT201312263930N32. http://www.irct.ir/searchresult.php?id=3930&number=32.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran ; Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran ; Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ; Substance Abuse Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ; Department of Psychiatry, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz, Iran
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Ghanizadeh A, Dehbozorgi S, OmraniSigaroodi M, Rezaei Z. Minocycline as add-on treatment decreases the negative symptoms of schizophrenia; a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 8:211-5. [PMID: 25353174 DOI: 10.2174/1872213x08666141029123524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There are contradictory reports about the efficacy of minocycline for treating schizophrenia. This is a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial investigating the effectiveness of minocycline for treating schizophrenia. Forty three patients with schizophrenia diagnosed according to DSM-IV were randomly allocated into minocycline (200mg/d) + risperidone group (n = 21) or placebo + risperidone group (n = 22). Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for schizophrenia (PANSS), Beck's Depression inventory, and Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) were used. Assessments occurred at baseline, week 4 and week 8. Thirty five patients completed the trial. The changes of SANS total score from baseline to week 4 were not statistically different between the two groups. However, at week 8, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups. SANS score decreased in the minocycline group more than that of the placebo group (12.2(7.9) versus 6.8(8.6), respectively). The decline of PANSS Negative score from baseline to week 8 in the minocycline group was more than placebo group (4.3(4.2) versus 3.2(3.3). However, the difference was not statistically significant. No one dropped out due to adverse effects. This trial supports the effectiveness of minocycline as an adjuvant treatment with risperidone for treating negative symptoms of patients with schizophrenia. Some patents on the use of tetracycline for the treatment of schizophrenia are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zahra Rezaei
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral, Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz, Iran.
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Sahraian A, Ghanizadeh A, Hashemi SH, Mohammadi MR, Ahmadzadeh L. Prevalence and Predictors of Domestic-Violence towards Wives by their Psychiatric Hospitalized Husbands. Iran J Psychiatry 2015; 10:233-8. [PMID: 27006668 PMCID: PMC4801493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Violence imposed on wives by their inpatient psychiatric husbands has not been studied yet. The current study surveyed the rates and predictors of violence committed by inpatient psychiatric husbands towards their wives. METHODS A convenient sample of wives of 209 married male psychiatric inpatients completed a self-reported questionnaire. They were asked about physical, emotional, social and economic abuse. RESULTS More than 80% of the husbands socially abused their wives; 73.0% of the wives had been regularly beaten by their husbands; the rate for humiliation was 77.2%; and only 14.1% of the wives reported that their sexual relationship with their husbands is with desire. Conclusion There is a dramatic high rate of different types of abuse toward wives by their inpatient psychiatric husbands. They are commonly victimized by their husbands. Moreover, different types of violence always co-occur. Future studies should consider this important issue which is unfortunately an ignored research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sahraian
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz, Iran,Department of Psychiatry, Hafez Hospital, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz, Iran,Department of Psychiatry, Hafez Hospital, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Department of Neurosciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamzeh Hashemi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hafez Hospital, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Laaya Ahmadzadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Hafez Hospital, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Ghanizadeh A, Hedayati A. Augmentation of citalopram with aspirin for treating major depressive disorder, a double blind randomized placebo controlled clinical trial. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2015; 13:108-11. [PMID: 25091820 DOI: 10.2174/1871523013666140804225608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There are contradictory reports about the association of cytokines levels and major depressive disorder and the possible therapeutic role of aspirin for treating major depressive disorder (MDD). A clinical sample of adult out-patients with MDD was recruited. At recruitment, they were interviewed face to face according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. In addition, Hamilton depression rating scale was completed by a psychiatrist. The patients were invited to receive aspirin or placebo. All the 10 patients received 160mg/day aspirin plus citlaopram 20 mg/day. Eight out of ten patients showed severe anxiety and akathesia from early days of this trial. Except for two patients, we discontinued the medication during 14 days of this trial. Three patients were hospitalized due to anxiety and akathesia. Two patients reported suicidal behavior after the onset of this trial. This trial of aspirin adjuvant therapy for treating MDD suggests that this combination is not safe and there are some serious and intolerable adverse effects. This finding is in contrast to the suggestions assuming that aspirin may be effective for treating MDD. Aspirin may negatively impact on both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines balance in depression. Aspirin may antagonize the antidepressant effect of citalopram.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arvin Hedayati
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz, Iran.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND No published systematic review has ever assessed the efficacy and safety of reboxetine for treating of patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). AIM This systematic review aimed to review the available evidence regarding the efficacy of reboxetine for treating ADHD. METHOD The databases of Pubmed/Medline, Google scholar, SCOPUS and Web of Science were searched using the Keywords: "reboxetine", "ADHD" and "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder". The reference lists of the included studies were screened to find any possible other relevant articles. All the non-controlled and controlled clinical trials were included. RESULTS The current evidence mainly consists of un-controlled studies, such as case series. Only three of 33 studies were controlled clinical trials. They are from single sites and included a sub-sample of patients with ADHD. CONCLUSION Non-controlled studies and controlled trials support the promising effect of reboxetine for treating ADHD in a sub-sample of patients that are without co-morbid psychiatric disorder and mental retardation. Reboxetine is tolerated well. However, more controlled trials are needed to reach any firm conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh, M.D., Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz, and Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Hafez Hospital , Shiraz , Iran
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Ghanizadeh A, Singh AB, Berk M, Torabi-Nami M. Homocysteine as a potential biomarker in bipolar disorders: a critical review and suggestions for improved studies. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 19:927-39. [PMID: 25882812 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2015.1019866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Homocysteine levels have been associated with major depression, but associations with bipolar disorder remain less clear. Some data suggest homocysteine levels have potential as a biomarker of treatment response; however the literature is mixed. AREAS COVERED Oxidized forms of homocysteine can be potentially neurotoxic leading to glutamate toxicity, apoptotic transformation and neurodegenerative processes. High homocysteine may be a risk biomarker for bipolar disorders, but the empirical base remains too weak for firm conclusions. This review discusses the current literature for homocysteine levels as a biomarker. EXPERT OPINION It is premature to foreclose the utility of homocysteine levels as a biomarker for bipolar disorder due the methodological inadequacies in the existing literature. These methodological design issues include lack of control for the confounding variables of concurrent medication, phase of bipolar disorder, gender, age, nutritional status, thyroid, liver and renal function, smoking or lean body mass. Well-powered association studies with confounder control could help shed more light on the important clinical question of homocysteine's utility as a biomarker in bipolar disorder. Future experiments are needed to examine the outcome of interventions modulating homocysteine for treating bipolar disorder. Only prospective randomized control trials will provide definitive evidence of the utility of homocysteine as a biomarker or therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry , Shiraz , Iran +00987116273070 ;
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Sahraian A, Ghanizadeh A, Kazemeini F. Vitamin C as an adjuvant for treating major depressive disorder and suicidal behavior, a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Trials 2015; 16:94. [PMID: 25873303 PMCID: PMC4376513 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-015-0609-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are some animal studies suggesting the possible role of vitamin C for treating depression. However, the efficacy of vitamin C for treating adult patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) has never been examined. Methods This 8-week randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial included adult patients with major depressive disorder according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Twenty-one patients in the treatment group received citalopram plus vitamin C and the 22 patients in the control group received citalopram plus placebo. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was used to measure depressive symptoms at baseline, week 2, week 4, and week 8. We also checked for the presence of adverse effects. Results While depression symptoms decreased in both groups during this trial, there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (P = .5). The rate of remission, partial response, and complete response was not different between the two groups. The rate of adverse effects were not different between the two groups. Conclusion Adding vitamin C to citalopram did not increase the efficacy of citalopram in MDD patients. Vitamin C plus citalopram is as effective as placebo plus citalopram for treating adult patients with suicidal behavior. No serious adverse effect for this combination was identified during this trial. Trial registration This trial was registered at http://www.irct.ir. The registration number of this trial was: IRCT201312263930N31. Date registered: 5 July 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sahraian
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran. .,Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Pasalar M, Choopani R, Mosaddegh M, Kamalinejad M, Mohagheghzadeh A, Fattahi MR, Ghanizadeh A, Bagheri Lankarani K. Efficacy and safety of jollab to treat functional dyspepsia: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Explore (NY) 2015; 11:199-207. [PMID: 25777290 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common gastrointestinal disease that is highly prevalent worldwide. Because of its heterogeneous pathophysiology, treatment options for FD can be difficult to choose; in this context, complementary and alternative medicine modalities have been suggested as promising options. AIM To evaluate the efficacy of a traditional Persian medicine, jollab, in reducing patients' FD symptoms. METHODS In a double-blind randomized clinical trial, 160 patients with a diagnosis of FD were enrolled and treated with either jollab or placebo (15ml, t.i.d., four weeks, orally). The outcomes reported were changes in symptom frequency and severity as recorded in patients' diaries and evaluated with the Short Form of the Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire (SF-LDQ), and physical examination. RESULTS The response rate was higher in the treatment group (78%) than in the placebo group (31%) according to per-protocol sample analysis (P < .001). Symptoms of FD disappeared significantly more frequently, and the rate of concomitant synthetic drug consumption was significantly lower, in the jollab group compared to the placebo group at the end of the trial. Mean total symptom frequency and severity according to the SF-LDQ score was 1.55 ± 2.78 in the treatment group versus 5.61 ± 3.80 in the placebo group at the last follow-up time point (P < .001). A promising safety profile for jollab was observed throughout the trial. CONCLUSIONS In patients with FD, jollab appeared to be more effective than the placebo. Complementary and alternative therapies such as the use of this traditional medicinal substance may be beneficial in relieving symptoms of dyspepsia [ACTRN12613000584730].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Pasalar
- School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Vali Asr Ave., Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rasool Choopani
- School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Vali Asr Ave., Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Mosaddegh
- Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kamalinejad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolali Mohagheghzadeh
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Fattahi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Abstract
There is controversy about the association among attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), conduct disorder behaviors, and oppositional defiant behaviors. This study examines whether different subcategories of conduct behaviors co-occur in children with ADHD, and investigates the association of conduct behaviors with ADHD symptoms and oppositional defiant behavior, considering the covariant factors of parental age and educational level. A total of 441 children and adolescents with ADHD participated in this study - 342 (77.6%) boys and 99 girls (22.4%). Their mean age was 9.1 (standard deviation = 2.2) years. They came from families with 1 to 8 children. There were statistically significant correlations among different subcategories of conduct disorder (p < 0.001 for all the correlations). Oppositional behavior scores were associated with all 4 subcategories of conduct behaviors. The severity of hyperactivity/impulsivity was associated with the subcategory of "destruction of property." The inattentiveness score was associated with "aggression to people and animals." The current results do not suggest that conduct behaviors exclude oppositional defiant behaviors. The subcategories of conduct behaviors occur in a cluster rather than as a solitary behavior. Larger family size and lower educational level of the father increase the risk of aggression to people and animals in children with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
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Nezhadi GSM, Dalfardi B, Ghanizadeh A, Golzari SEJ. INSIGHTS INTO AVICENNA'S KNOWLEDGE OF GASTROINTESTINAL MEDICINE AND HIS ACCOUNT OF AN ENEMA DEVICE. Acta Med Hist Adriat 2015; 13 Suppl 2:29-40. [PMID: 26959629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Avicenna (980-1037 AD), also known as Sheikh or-Raeis, was an Muslim philosopher, physician, surgeon, astronomer, politician, encyclopedist, and mathematician. Avicenna's writings comprise of five books, know as the Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb (The Canon of Medicine) and the canon covers a wide variety of medical issues. This canon of medicine was the main reference for medical education in Western countries up until the 16th century and in the Middle East until the 19th century. Several chapters of the 3rd book of the Canon are devoted to a detailed description of gastrointestinal diseases including bowel obstruction, hemorrhoids anal fissures, perianal fistulas and perianal itching. Additionally, that same volume contains an illustration of an enema device. The aim of this paper was to present a brief review of Avicenna's 11th century views on bowel obstruction and to present his description of an enema device that has remained relatively unnoticed until now. Finally, this article illustrates similarities between Avicenna's explanation and modern medical science that celebrate Avicenna as an important contributor to medieval knowledge on gastrointestinal diseases, the science of which has been passed on to later generations.
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Ghanizadeh A, Ayoobzadehshirazi A. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of adjuvant buspirone for irritability in autism. Pediatr Neurol 2015; 52:77-81. [PMID: 25451017 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2014.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The brain serotonin level is decreased in individuals with autism. Buspirone is a 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist with antiaggressive effects increasing prosocial behaviors. METHODS We conducted an 8-week randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Participants included 40 outpatient children and adolescents with autism. The patients took buspirone plus risperidone or risperidone plus placebo during 8 weeks. The patients were assessed at baseline, week 4, and week 8 using the Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Community Rating Scale. RESULTS Eighteen patients in the placebo group and 16 patients in the buspirone group completed this trial. The mean dose of buspirone was 6.7 (SD 2.7) mg/day. Irritability subscale score significantly decreased during this trial in both groups (buspirone group: declined from 25.7 [SD 5.7] to 16.3 [SD 8.5]; placebo group: declined from 24.7 [SD 7.6] to 18.2 [SD 7.7]). The Cohen d effect size was .45. Thirteen (81.2%) of 16 patients in the buspirone group and 7 (38.9%) of 18 patients in the placebo group showed a ≥30% decline in irritability score. The relative risk for treatment was 2.1. There were no serious adverse effects. The most common adverse effects in the buspirone group were increased appetite, drowsiness, and fatigue. CONCLUSION This clinical trial supports that low dose buspirone plus risperidone is more effective than risperidone plus placebo for treating irritability in individuals with autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Anaheed Ayoobzadehshirazi
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this research was to study the effectiveness of the overall dietary intervention rather than a single nutrient on children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS This is a randomized controlled trial conducted at a child psychiatry clinic in Iran. Participants were 106 children and adolescents with ADHD. One group received methylphenidate plus dietary recommendations, while the other group only received methylphenidate. ADHD DSM-IV checklist was used to assess inattentiveness and hyperactivity/impulsivity scores at baseline and at the end of the trial. RESULTS The results revealed no significant difference between the two groups regarding mean age, gender ratio, body mass index, baseline inattentiveness score, and baseline hyperactivity score. Linear regression analysis considering the covariant variables showed that the inattentive score at the end of the trial was significantly associated with the mean change of favorite diet scores. CONCLUSION This is the first clinical trial examining the effect of overall dietary characteristics rather than a single nutrient on the children formally diagnosed with ADHD. According to the results, un-favorite diet had no effects on inattentive or hyperactivity/impulsivity score. Encouraging the children with ADHD to increase their intake of recommended diet markedly improves their attention. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered at the Iranian Clinical Trials Registry (Irct ID: IRCT201311303930N29).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ; Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Behzad Haddad
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Ghanizadeh A, Rezaee Z, Dehbozorgi S, Berk M, Akhondzadeh S. Lovastatin for the adjunctive treatment of schizophrenia: a preliminary randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Psychiatry Res 2014; 219:431-5. [PMID: 25017614 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
While statins target many of the pathways to neuroprogression in schizophrenia, the safety and efficacy of statins for treating schizophrenia has never been examined. This is an 8-week randomized double blind controlled clinical trial examining the efficacy and safety of adjunctive lovastatin (20 mg/day) treatment or placebo for people with schizophrenia. The baseline characteristics of the two groups were not different. Endpoint changes in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total and subscale scores did not differ between the two groups. However there was a significant difference between the doses of risperidone used in the two groups. The mean dose in the lovastatin and placebo groups were 4.8(1.8) and 3.4(1.4) mg/day, respectively (P<.03). No serious adverse events were reported. Slowness of movements, muscle rigidity, increased appetite, and decreased energy were the most common adverse effects, and these rates did not differ between the two groups. This study failed to demonstrate a benefit of lovastatin on symptoms of schizophrenia. This combination was well tolerated. However, a higher dosage of risperidone was used for treating the disorder in those taking concomitant lovastatin compared to placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Zahra Rezaee
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sara Dehbozorgi
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, and Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Shahin Akhondzadeh
- Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, South Kargar Street, Tehran, Iran
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Firoozabadi A, Abedi Z, Aliyari R, Zolfaghari B, Ghanizadeh A. Psychometric characteristics of the persian (farsi) version of attachment style questionnaire. Iran J Med Sci 2014; 39:506-14. [PMID: 25429172 PMCID: PMC4242984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attachment relationship provides a secure base for the infants from which to explore the environment and a safe haven to return to in times of danger. Attachment style shapes the behavior of individuals in adulthood. There are many different measures of attachment and a lot of controversy about what they measure and how they relate to each other. Hence, we tried to evaluate the psychometric properties of one of such questionnaires on a sample of the Iranian population. METHODS "Attachment style questionnaire" designed by Van Oudenhoven measures four dimensions: secure, preoccupied, fearful and dismissing. Psychometric properties of the questionnaire were evaluated in a cross sectional study on 730 adults in Isfahan, Iran. Statistical analysis of data was performed by the explanatory factor analysis with the principal component method, Cronbach's alpha, Pearson correlation coefficients, and the multiple analysis of variance (MANCOVA). RESULTS The Cronbach's alpha for all items was 0.704. As a whole, the internal consistency was good. There was a high inter-scale correlation between preoccupied and fearful, also the secure style correlated negatively with fearful and preoccupied. The stability coefficient of the attachment scales were 0.625, 0.685, 0.777 and 0.605 for secure, fearful, preoccupied and dismissing styles respectively (P<0.001). Regarding construct validity, factor analysis showed that some items require iterations to fit the Iranian population. CONCLUSION This study showed that the Persian version of ASQ has a reasonable reliability and validity in general and the questionnaire is appropriate for use among the Iranian population in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Firoozabadi
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
| | - Zabihollah Abedi
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
| | - Roqayeh Aliyari
- School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran;
| | - Behzad Zolfaghari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
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Ghanizadeh A, Haghighi A. Aripiprazole versus risperidone for treating children and adolescents with tic disorder: a randomized double blind clinical trial. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2014; 45:596-603. [PMID: 24343476 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-013-0427-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
There are some uncontrolled studies about the efficacy and safety of both aripiprazole and risperidone for treating tic disorder. Moreover, the efficacy of these medications has never been compared. This is the first double blind randomized clinical trial comparing the safety and efficacy of aripiprazole and risperidone for treating patients with tic disorder. Sixty children and adolescents with tic disorder were randomly allocated into one of the two groups to receive either aripiprazole or risperidone for 2 months. The primary outcome measure was the score of Yale Global Tic Severity Scale. In addition, health related quality of life and adverse events were assessed. Both aripiprazole and risperidone decreased the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale score during this trial. Moreover, both medications increased the health related quality of life score. Both aripiprazole and risperidone were tolerated well. Aripiprazole [3.22 (1.9) mg/day] decreased tic score as much as risperidone [0.6 (0.2) mg/day]. Their adverse effects and their effects on health related quality of life were comparable. However, risperidone increased the patients' social functioning more than aripiprazole in short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,
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Haghighi M, Khaterizadeh M, Chalbianloo G, Toobaei S, Ghanizadeh A. Comparing the drawings of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with normal children. Iran J Psychiatry 2014; 9:222-7. [PMID: 25792990 PMCID: PMC4361825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common behavioral problem during childhood and in school-aged children. Various projection drawings have been designed for assessing children's personality and psychological disorders including the tests of draw a person (DAP) and draw a family (DAF). We aimed to compare the differences between typically developing children and children with ADHD using these tests. METHODS In this case-control study, all the 9-10 year-old boy students studying at the third and fourth grades were enrolled from schools in the 2nd educational district of Shiraz, south of Iran. Eighty students were then selected and enrolled into the ADHD group and the control group. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition- text Revised (DSM-IV-TR), and the Child Symptoms Inventory were used to diagnose the children with ADHD. We evaluated and analyzed impulsiveness, non-impulsiveness, emotional problems and incompatibility indices in the DAP and DAF tests in each group. RESULTS A significant difference was found in the indices of incompatibility and emotional problems, impulsiveness, non-impulsiveness and DAF between typically developing children and those with ADHD. The mean (±SD) total scores of the above mentioned indices in the ADHD group were 19.79(±2.94), 12.31(±1.84), 5.26(±2.29) and 5.89(±2.13), respectively (P<0.001). The corresponding figures for these indices in the normal group were 12.11(±4.74), 5.63(±2), 10.36± (2.33) and 2.88(±2.13), respectively (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Significant differences were obtained between the control group and children with ADHD using these two drawing tests. The rate of impulsivity and emotional problems indices in drawings of children with ADHD was markedly more common than those of the typically developing children. This suggests the need for further assessment to screen ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Haghighi
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Kazerron Branch, Iran
| | | | | | - Sholeh Toobaei
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Kazerron Branch, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz, Iran,Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz, Iran,Department of Neurosciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Sharif F, Masoudi M, Ghanizadeh A, Dabbaghmanesh MH, Ghaem H, Masoumi S. The effect of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on depressive symptoms in people with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2014; 19:529-36. [PMID: 25400683 PMCID: PMC4223972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is considered as the most common metabolic disorder. The patients with diabetes are likely to be affected by mental distress, especially depression. Nurses should pay attention to the psychological needs of depressive patients by participating in an application of non-pharmacological treatment such as cognitive-behavioral therapy. This study aimed to assess the effect of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on depression in patients with diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS This randomized controlled trial was performed in 2010 in the diabetes clinics affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, southern Iran. In this study, 60 eligible patients suffering from depression were randomly divided into two groups by convenience sampling method, using random block allocation. The experimental group was randomly subdivided into three groups of 10 each and received eight sessions of cognitive-behavioral group therapy. The level of depression was checked before as well as 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 2 months after the intervention in both groups. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level was also checked before and 2 months after the intervention. RESULTS Both groups were demographically homogeneous with no statistically significant difference. The trend in depression scores before as well as 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 2 months after the intervention was statistically significant in the experimental group (P ≤ 0.001), but not in the control group (P = 0.087). The results showed that HbA1c variation was statistically significant before and after the intervention in both groups (P ≤ 0.001). However, the mean variation of HbA1c was not statistically significant between the groups (P = 0.473). CONCLUSIONS Cognitive-behavioral group therapy was effective in reducing depression in patients with diabetes. Therefore, this method can be recommended for such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farkhondeh Sharif
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Department of Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maria Masoudi
- Department of Mental Health Nursing, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavior Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Dabbaghmanesh
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Haleh Ghaem
- Department of Epidemiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Samira Masoumi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Mahmoudi Nezhad GS, Dalfardi B, Ghanizadeh A. Wilhelm Heinrich Erb (1840–1921). J Neurol 2014; 261:1846-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-013-7120-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sahraian A, Bigdeli M, Ghanizadeh A, Akhondzadeh S. Topiramate as an adjuvant treatment for obsessive compulsive symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder: a randomized double blind placebo controlled clinical trial. J Affect Disord 2014; 166:201-5. [PMID: 25012432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has not been examined trialed whether obsessive compulsive symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder respond to topiramate as an adjuvant treatment. METHODS This 4-month double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial examined the efficacy and safety of augmentation with topiramat for treating the patients with bipolar disorder, manic phase type-I, and obsessive compulsive disorder symptoms. Both groups received lithium+olanzapine+clonazepam. However, one group received topiramate and the other group placebo as adjuvant medications. Yale Brown obsessive compulsive behavior scale was used to assess the outcome. Adverse effects were also recorded. RESULTS A total of 32 patients completed this trial. The mean score decreased from 24.2(4.8) to 17.6(8.7) in the topiramate group (P<0.003) and from 20.9(2.9) to 9.6(3.5) in the placebo group during this trial (P<0.0001). Additionally, 9(52.9%) out of 17 patients in the topiramate group and 2(12.5%) out of 16 patients in the placebo group showed more than 34% decline in YBOC score (x2=6.0, df=1, P<0.01). No serious adverse effects were detected. LIMITATIONS The limitations of the present study were its small sample size and the fact that it was conducted in a single center. CONCLUSIONS The combination of lithium+olanzapine+clonazepam decreased the symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder in the patients with bipolar disorder type I. However, topiramate had a more significant effect than placebo on improvement of the patients with bipolar disorder and obsessive compulsive symptoms. This combination seems to be without serious adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sahraian
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bigdeli
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
| | - Shahin Akhondzadeh
- Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, South Kargar Street, Tehran 13337, Iran
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Yarmohammadi H, Dalfardi B, Ghanizadeh A, Hosseinialhashemi M. Differentiation between seizure and hysteria in a tenth-century persian text: Hidāyat of al-Akhawayni (d. 983 AD). J Hist Neurosci 2014; 23:395-402. [PMID: 25153366 DOI: 10.1080/0964704x.2014.887896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Although hysteria is associated largely with the nineteenth century, we find the subject treated in a tenth-century Persian medical text, the Hidayat al-Muta`allemin Fi al-Tibb [A Guide to Medical Learners] by al-Akhawayni Bukhari (d. 983 AD), a prominent physician in the Persian history of medicine. In this article, we discuss al-Akhawayni's views on seizure and hysteria and his differentiation between the two conditions, and we place it in a historical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Yarmohammadi
- a Student Research Committee , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
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Abstract
This is a review of psychiatric problems in patients with alopecia areata (AA). The electronic database of MedLine/PubMed was searched using the determined keywords. The rate of depression in children and adolescents with AA is up to 50%. Stressful life events are associated with AA. A rate of 39% for generalized anxiety disorders was reported. AA is highly associated with obsessive compulsive disorder (35.7%) in children and adolescents. Schizophrenia tended to be less seen in AA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran ; Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Dalfardi B, Yarmohammadi H, Ghanizadeh A. Melancholia in medieval Persian literature: The view of Hidayat of Al-Akhawayni. World J Psychiatry 2014; 4:37-41. [PMID: 25019055 PMCID: PMC4087154 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v4.i2.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
“Melancholia” seems to be the oldest term used to describe the manifestations of depression. Throughout the history of medicine, melancholia has been the focus of consideration of many scholars who have provided varying definitions of this disorder and its manifestations. This continual process has resulted in the gradual development of the concept of melancholia over time. Persian scholars were among the scientists who have studied the melancholia and contributed to its concept. One figure, Al-Akhawayni Bukhari (?-983 AD), a Persian physician whose reputation was based on the treatment of patients with mental problems, investigated this disorder. He described Melancholia and explained its clinical manifestations and treatment methods. Al-Akhawayni provided an early classification of the patients suffering from this disorder. Since the medieval Persian concept of melancholia is not well-known, this paper aims to review Al-Akhawayni’s 10th century knowledge on melancholia which can represent the early concept of this disorder in the Near East.
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Mohammadi MR, Salmanian M, Ghanizadeh A, Alavi A, Malek A, Fathzadeh H, Moharreri F, Hebrani P, Arman S, Khoshhal Dastjerdi J, Motavallian A. Psychological problems of Iranian children and adolescents: parent report form of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. J Ment Health 2014; 23:287-91. [PMID: 24950159 DOI: 10.3109/09638237.2014.924049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of psychological problems Iranian children and adolescents have, using parent report form of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). METHODS In a community-based study, 9636 children and adolescents aged 6-17 years were selected using the multistage cluster random sampling method from five provinces of Iran: Tehran, Isfahan, Fars, Razavi Khorasan and East Azerbaijan. The parents completed the SDQ, which consisted of five subscales including emotional problems, conduct problems, hyperactivity, peer problems and prosocial behaviors. RESULT The results revealed 21.4% of emotional problems, 32.9% of conduct problems, 20% of hyperactivity, 25.6% of peer problems, 7.6% of problems in prosocial behaviors and 16.7% of total difficulties among Iranian children and adolescents. We found that emotional problems were more prevalent among girls, while conduct problems, hyperactivity, total difficulties and problems in prosocial behaviors were more prevalent among boys. High educational level of parents was a protective factor against some psychological problems. CONCLUSION Considering the proportion of psychological problems in Iranian children and adolescents, we need to develop and implement special policies and programs to provide appropriate mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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Meftagh SD, Najimi A, Mohammadi N, Ghanizadeh A, Rahimi C, Amini MM. The most effective intervention for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder: using continuous performance test. Psychiatr Danub 2014; 26:165-171. [PMID: 24909254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study compares the effectiveness of three treating methods including behavioral mother training (BMT), Verbal self-instruction to the children (VSI), and pharmacotherapy in children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using the continuous performance test (CPT). SUBJECTS AND METHODS In this semi-experimental study, 51 elementary students were identified in a boys' school in Shiraz (age 8-10) with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder in a pilot study (among 1760 students). They were randomly divided into three groups; BMT, VSI, and control group. Moreover, 22 students were selected with ADHD among the clients in Hafez hospital. They were chosen by the availability method and they were put into the Pharmacotherapy group. Data collection tools were the Child Symptoms Inventory (CSI-4) and the continuous performance test. All of the groups were evaluated after the intervention and in post-test and also 2 months later in follow up. RESULTS The treatment type (group) showed statistically significant difference in the result of CPT on severity of attention-deficit and in the number of correct responses (P=0.01), yet on the hyperactivity symptoms, there was no significant difference between the different treatment groups (P=0.08). The time factor shows a significant difference among the different groups (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Comparison of the various treatments of ADHD indicates that pharmacotherapy can improve the severity of attention deficit and the number of correct answers of children with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Yarmohammadi
- 1Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Ghanizadeh A. A systematic review of the efficacy and safety of desipramine for treating ADHD. Curr Drug Saf 2014; 8:169-74. [PMID: 23914752 DOI: 10.2174/15748863113089990029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review article systematically and critically summarizes the current evidence regarding desipramine for treating children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). PRISMA guideline was used for gathering the data. The databases of PubMed/Medline and Google scholar were electronically searched. This review included controlled clinical trials investigating the efficacy of desipramine for treating children and adolescents with ADHD. The primary outcome measure was clinical improvement measured by valid and reliable objective instruments in order to assess the severity of ADHD clinical symptoms. Adverse effects were evaluated as well. Out of 267 titles under the study, thirty three articles mentioned desipramine for treating ADHD. Two trials met the inclusion criteria. Desipramine decreases ADHD clinical symptoms. However, there are many concerns about its safety and efficacy. In view of serious concerns about its safety and lack of enough well-controlled trials providing strong evidence about the efficacy of desipraimine, it should be prescribed for treating children with ADHD with a high precaution, and further well-controlled trials should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz, Iran.
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45
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Dalfardi B, Mahmoudi Nezhad GS, Ghanizadeh A. Rhazes' description of a case with aortic regurgitation. Int J Cardiol 2014; 172:e147-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.12.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Dalfardi B, Mahmoudi Nezhad GS, Ghanizadeh A. Al-Akhawayni's account of carotid sinus hypersensitivity. Int J Cardiol 2014; 172:e143-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.12.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Ashjazadeh N, Boostani R, Ekhtiari H, Emamghoreishi M, Farrokhi M, Ghanizadeh A, Hatam G, Hadianfard H, Lotfi M, Mortazavi SMJ, Mousavi M, Montakhab A, Nili M, Razmkon A, Salehi S, Sodagar AM, Setoodeh P, Taghipour M, Torabi-Nami M, Vesal A. Operationalizing Cognitive Science and Technologies' Research and Development; the "Brain and Cognition Study Group (BCSG)" Initiative from Shiraz, Iran. Basic Clin Neurosci 2014; 5:104-16. [PMID: 25337368 PMCID: PMC4202589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in brain and cognitive science studies have revolutionized concepts in neural dynamics, regulating mechanisms, coding systems and information processing networks which govern our function and behavior. Hidden aspects of neurological and psychiatric diseases are being understood and hopes for their treatment are emerging. Although the two comprehensive mega-projects on brain mapping are in place in the United States and Europe; the proportion of science contributed by the developing countries should not be downsized. With the granted supports from the Cognitive Sciences and Technologies Council (CSTC), Iran can take its role in research on brain and cognition further. The idea of research and development in Cognitive Sciences and Technologies (CST) is being disseminated across the country by CSTC. Towards this goal, the first Shiraz interdisciplinary meeting on CST was held on 9 January 2014 in Namazi hospital, Shiraz. CST research priorities, infrastructure development, education and promotion were among the main topics discussed during this interactive meeting. The steering committee of the first CST meeting in Shiraz decided to frame future research works within the "Brain and Cognition Study Group-Shiraz" (BCSG-Shiraz). The study group comprises scientific leaders from various allied disciplines including neuroscience, neurosurgery, neurology, psychiatry, psychology, radiology, physiology, bioengineering, biophysics, applied physics and telecommunication. As the headquarter for CST in the southern Iran, BCSG-Shiraz is determined to advocate "brain and cognition" awareness, education and research in close collaboration with CSTC. Together with CSTC, Shiraz Neuroscience Research center (SNRC) will take the initiative to cross boundaries in interdisciplinary works and multi-centric research projects within the study group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Ashjazadeh
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Boostani
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamed Ekhtiari
- Iranian Cognitive Science and Technologies Council, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Emamghoreishi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Majidreza Farrokhi
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Hatam
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Science and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Habib Hadianfard
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehrzad Lotfi
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Mousavi
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Majid Nili
- Iranian Cognitive Science and Technologies Council, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Razmkon
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sina Salehi
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Peiman Setoodeh
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mousa Taghipour
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Torabi-Nami
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Corresponding Author: Mohammad Torabi-Nami MD, PhD, Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Tel: +98-7112333138 / Fax: +98-711 2343848. E-mail:
| | - Abdolkarim Vesal
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Academy of Medical Sciences, Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Ahmadi J, Amiri A, Ghanizadeh A, Khademalhosseini M, Khademalhosseini Z, Gholami Z, Sharifian M. Prevalence of Addiction to the Internet, Computer Games, DVD, and Video and Its Relationship to Anxiety and Depression in a Sample of Iranian High School Students. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci 2014; 8:75-80. [PMID: 25053960 PMCID: PMC4105607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of addiction to the Internet, computer games, DVD, and video and its relationship to anxiety and depression in a sample of Iranian high school students. METHODS In this cross-sectional study 1020 high school students (males and females) were selected randomly from different areas of Shiraz city in southern Iran. They were interviewed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4(th) ed (DSM-IV) criteria. RESULTS About 50% of the students were females, 277 students (27.2%) were studying in the first year of high school, 242 (23.7%) were in the second year, and others in the third year. The prevalence of anxiety was significantly higher in females than in males (p < 0.05). The prevalence of anxiety was lower among students of the third year (p < 0.05). The prevalence of depression was significantly higher in students with lower economic status defined as family monthly income. Internet dependence was seen only in 5 students. The prevalence of anxiety was significantly higher in the students who used internet for chatting, amusement, and reading news (p < 0.05). The prevalence of anxiety was significantly higher in students who were DVD or video CD dependents (p < 0.05). The students who used especial drugs or had especial diseases had higher rates of depression and anxiety (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Internet addiction may cause depression and anxiety in high school students. It seems necessary to develop an Internet addiction prevention program for adolescents taking into account the psychological factors such as depression and Internet use habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamshid Ahmadi
- Professor, Director, Substance Abuse Research Center AND Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. ,Corresponding author: Jamshid Ahmadi, Substance Abuse Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Tel: +98 7116279319, Fax:+98 7116279319,
| | - Amin Amiri
- Psychiatrist, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Professor, Director, Substance Abuse Research Center AND Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mitra Khademalhosseini
- General Practitioner, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Khademalhosseini
- General Practitioner, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Gholami
- General Practitioner, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Sharifian
- General Practitioner, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Ghanizadeh A. Association of ADHD symptoms severity with higher paternal and lower maternal age of a clinical sample of children. Acta Med Iran 2014; 52:49-51. [PMID: 24658987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examines the association of father's and mother's age with the severity of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Participants are 470 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosed according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Moreover, parents reported the severity of ADHD symptoms through completing ADHD checklist. Mother's and father's age was associated with the score of hyperactivity/impulsivity. Lower father's age and advanced maternal age are associated with higher severity of hyperactivity/impulsivity in children and adolescents with ADHD. None of mothers' and fathers' age is associated with ADHD inattentiveness severity in children. Maternal and paternal education levels are not associated with ADHD severity. Older mothers and younger fathers have ADHD children with higher hyperactivity/impulsivity severity. It should be investigated whether the father's and mother's age are risk factors for ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran..
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