1
|
Lasorsa F, Rutigliano M, Milella M, d’Amati A, Crocetto F, Pandolfo SD, Barone B, Ferro M, Spilotros M, Battaglia M, Ditonno P, Lucarelli G. Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Kidney Transplantation: Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4332. [PMID: 38673917 PMCID: PMC11050495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Kidney transplantation offers a longer life expectancy and a better quality of life than dialysis to patients with end-stage kidney disease. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is thought to be a cornerstone in delayed or reduced graft function and increases the risk of rejection by triggering the immunogenicity of the organ. IRI is an unavoidable event that happens when the blood supply is temporarily reduced and then restored to an organ. IRI is the result of several biological pathways, such as transcriptional reprogramming, apoptosis and necrosis, innate and adaptive immune responses, and endothelial dysfunction. Tubular cells mostly depend on fatty acid (FA) β-oxidation for energy production since more ATP molecules are yielded per substrate molecule than glucose oxidation. Upon ischemia-reperfusion damage, the innate and adaptive immune system activates to achieve tissue clearance and repair. Several cells, cytokines, enzymes, receptors, and ligands are known to take part in these events. The complement cascade might start even before organ procurement in deceased donors. However, additional experimental and clinical data are required to better understand the pathogenic events that take place during this complex process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lasorsa
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Rutigliano
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Martina Milella
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio d’Amati
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Pathology Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Felice Crocetto
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Savio Domenico Pandolfo
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Urology, University of L’Aquila, 67010 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Biagio Barone
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, AORN Sant’Anna e San Sebastiano, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Matteo Ferro
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 71013 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Spilotros
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Battaglia
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Ditonno
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Feng J, Li K, Xie F, Han L, Wu Y. IL-35 ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111567. [PMID: 38335651 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) caused mainly by bacterial infection. The morbidity and mortality rates of sepsis are extremely high. About 18 million people worldwide suffer from severe sepsis each year, and about 14,000 people die from it every day. Previous studies have revealed that endothelial dysfunction plays a vital role in the pathological change of sepsis. Furthermore, endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT, EndoMT) is capable of triggering endothelial dysfunction. And yet, it remains obscure whether interleukin-35 (IL-35) can alleviate endothelial dysfunction by attenuating LPS-induced EndMT. Here, through in vivo and in vitro experiments, we revealed that IL-35 has a previously unknown function to attenuate LPS-induced endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting LPS-induced EndMT. Mechanistically, IL-35 acts by regulating the NFκB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Feng Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Leilei Han
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li Y, Wu Y, Qin X, Gu J, Liu A, Cao J. Constructing a competitive endogenous RNA network of EndMT-related atherosclerosis through weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 10:1322252. [PMID: 38268851 PMCID: PMC10806165 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1322252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by endothelial dysfunction and plaque formation. Under pro-inflammatory conditions, endothelial cells can undergo endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), contributing to atherosclerosis development. However, the specific regulatory mechanisms by which EndMT contributes to atherosclerosis remain unclear and require further investigation. Dan-Shen-Yin (DSY), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, is commonly used for cardiovascular diseases, but its molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Emerging evidence indicates that competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks play critical roles in atherosclerosis pathogenesis. In this study, we constructed an EndMT-associated ceRNA network during atherosclerosis progression by integrating gene expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Functional enrichment analysis revealed this EndMT-related ceRNA network is predominantly involved in inflammatory responses. ROC curve analysis showed the identified hub genes can effectively distinguish between normal vasculature and atherosclerotic lesions. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that high expression of IL1B significantly predicts ischemic events in atherosclerosis. Molecular docking revealed most DSY bioactive components can bind key EndMT-related lncRNAs, including AC003092.1, MIR181A1HG, MIR155HG, WEE2-AS1, and MIR137HG, suggesting DSY may mitigate EndMT in atherosclerosis by modulating the ceRNA network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Li
- Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yubiao Wu
- Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiude Qin
- Encephalopathy Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinchao Gu
- Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aijun Liu
- Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Cao
- Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tran TAT, Iwata Y, Hoang LT, Kitajima S, Yoneda-Nakagawa S, Oshima M, Sakai N, Toyama T, Yamamura Y, Yamazaki H, Hara A, Shimizu M, Sako K, Minami T, Yuasa T, Horikoshi K, Hayashi D, Kajikawa S, Wada T. Protective Role of MAVS Signaling for Murine Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Immunohorizons 2024; 8:1-18. [PMID: 38169549 PMCID: PMC10835654 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite treatment advances, acute kidney injury (AKI)-related mortality rates are still high in hospitalized adults, often due to sepsis. Sepsis and AKI could synergistically worsen the outcomes of critically ill patients. TLR4 signaling and mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) signaling are innate immune responses essential in kidney diseases, but their involvement in sepsis-associated AKI (SA-AKI) remains unclear. We studied the role of MAVS in kidney injury related to the TLR4 signaling pathway using a murine LPS-induced AKI model in wild-type and MAVS-knockout mice. We confirmed the importance of M1 macrophage in SA-AKI through in vivo assessment of inflammatory responses. The TLR4 signaling pathway was upregulated in activated bone marrow-derived macrophages, in which MAVS helped maintain the LPS-suppressed TLR4 mRNA level. MAVS regulated redox homeostasis via NADPH oxidase Nox2 and mitochondrial reverse electron transport in macrophages to alleviate the TLR4 signaling response to LPS. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and AP-1 were key regulators of TLR4 transcription and connected MAVS-dependent reactive oxygen species signaling with the TLR4 pathway. Inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase could partly reduce inflammation in LPS-treated bone marrow-derived macrophages without MAVS. These findings highlight the renoprotective role of MAVS in LPS-induced AKI by regulating reactive oxygen species generation-related genes and maintaining redox balance. Controlling redox homeostasis through MAVS signaling may be a promising therapy for SA-AKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trang Anh Thi Tran
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yasunori Iwata
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Division of Infection Control, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Linh Thuy Hoang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Kitajima
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Division of Blood Purification, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | - Megumi Oshima
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Norihiko Sakai
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Division of Blood Purification, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tadashi Toyama
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamamura
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroka Yamazaki
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Akinori Hara
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Miho Shimizu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Sako
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Taichiro Minami
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yuasa
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Horikoshi
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Daiki Hayashi
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Sho Kajikawa
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Wada
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Trevisan-Silva D, Cosenza-Contreras M, Oliveira UC, da Rós N, Andrade-Silva D, Menezes MC, Oliveira AK, Rosa JG, Sachetto ATA, Biniossek ML, Pinter N, Santoro ML, Nishiyama-Jr MY, Schilling O, Serrano SMT. Systemic toxicity of snake venom metalloproteinases: Multi-omics analyses of kidney and blood plasma disturbances in a mouse model. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127279. [PMID: 37806411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Snakebite envenomation is classified as a Neglected Tropical Disease. Bothrops jararaca venom induces kidney injury and coagulopathy. HF3, a hemorrhagic metalloproteinase of B. jararaca venom, participates in the envenomation pathogenesis. We evaluated the effects of HF3 in mouse kidney and blood plasma after injection in the thigh muscle, mimicking a snakebite. Transcriptomic analysis showed differential expression of 31 and 137 genes related to kidney pathology after 2 h and 6 h, respectively. However, only subtle changes were observed in kidney proteome, with differential abundance of 15 proteins after 6 h, including kidney injury markers. N-terminomic analysis of kidney proteins showed 420 proteinase-generated peptides compatible with meprin specificity, indicating activation of host proteinases. Plasma analysis revealed differential abundance of 90 and 219 proteins, respectively, after 2 h and 6 h, including coagulation-cascade and complement-system components, and creatine-kinase, whereas a semi-specific search of N-terminal peptides indicated activation of endogenous proteinases. HF3 promoted host reactions, altering the gene expression and the proteolytic profile of kidney tissue, and inducing plasma proteome imbalance driven by changes in abundance and proteolysis. The overall response of the mouse underscores the systemic action of a hemorrhagic toxin that transcends local tissue damage and is related to known venom-induced systemic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilza Trevisan-Silva
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Miguel Cosenza-Contreras
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Surgical Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ursula C Oliveira
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nancy da Rós
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Débora Andrade-Silva
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milene C Menezes
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Karina Oliveira
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Martin L Biniossek
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Niko Pinter
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Surgical Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Milton Y Nishiyama-Jr
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Oliver Schilling
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Surgical Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Solange M T Serrano
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dai CL, Yang HX, Liu QP, Rahman K, Zhang H. CXCL6: A potential therapeutic target for inflammation and cancer. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:4413-4427. [PMID: 37612429 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines were originally defined as cytokines that affect the movement of immune cells. In recent years, due to the increasing importance of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), the role of chemokines has changed from a single "chemotactic agent" to a key factor that can regulate TME and affect the tumor phenotype. CXCL6, also known as granulocyte chemoattractant protein-2 (GCP-2), can recruit neutrophils to complete non-specific immunity in the process of inflammation. Cancer-related genes and interleukin family can promote the abnormal secretion of CXCL6, which promotes tumor growth, metastasis, epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and angiogenesis in the TME. CXCL6 also has a role in promoting fibrosis and tissue damage repair. In this review, we focus on the regulatory network affecting CXCL6 expression, its role in the progress of inflammation and how it affects tumorigenesis and progression based on the TME, in an attempt to provide a potential target for the treatment of diseases such as inflammation and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lan Dai
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Xuan Yang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Khalid Rahman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Stasi A, Fiorentino M, Franzin R, Staffieri F, Carparelli S, Losapio R, Crovace A, Lacitignola L, Cimmarusti MT, Murgolo F, Stufano M, Cafiero C, Castellano G, Sallustio F, Ferrari C, Ribezzi M, Brienza N, Schirinzi A, Di Serio F, Grasso S, Pontrelli P, Tupin C, Barbaras R, Keyserling-Peyrottes C, Crovace A, Gesualdo L. Beneficial effects of recombinant CER-001 high-density lipoprotein infusion in sepsis: results from a bench to bedside translational research project. BMC Med 2023; 21:392. [PMID: 37915050 PMCID: PMC10621167 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03057-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is characterized by a dysregulated immune response and metabolic alterations, including decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. HDL exhibits beneficial properties, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) scavenging, exerting anti-inflammatory effects and providing endothelial protection. We investigated the effects of CER-001, an engineered HDL-mimetic, in a swine model of LPS-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and a Phase 2a clinical trial, aiming to better understand its molecular basis in systemic inflammation and renal function. METHODS We carried out a translational approach to study the effects of HDL administration on sepsis. Sterile systemic inflammation was induced in pigs by LPS infusion. Animals were randomized into LPS (n = 6), CER20 (single dose of CER-001 20 mg/kg; n = 6), and CER20 × 2 (two doses of CER-001 20 mg/kg; n = 6) groups. Survival rate, endothelial dysfunction biomarkers, pro-inflammatory mediators, LPS, and apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) levels were assessed. Renal and liver histology and biochemistry were analyzed. Subsequently, we performed an open-label, randomized, dose-ranging (Phase 2a) study included 20 patients with sepsis due to intra-abdominal infection or urosepsis, randomized into Group A (conventional treatment, n = 5), Group B (CER-001 5 mg/kg BID, n = 5), Group C (CER-001 10 mg/kg BID, n = 5), and Group D (CER-001 20 mg/kg BID, n = 5). Primary outcomes were safety and efficacy in preventing AKI onset and severity; secondary outcomes include changes in inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers. RESULTS CER-001 increased median survival, reduced inflammatory mediators, complement activation, and endothelial dysfunction in endotoxemic pigs. It enhanced LPS elimination through the bile and preserved liver and renal parenchyma. In the clinical study, CER-001 was well-tolerated with no serious adverse events related to study treatment. Rapid ApoA-I normalization was associated with enhanced LPS removal and immunomodulation with improvement of clinical outcomes, independently of the type and gravity of the sepsis. CER-001-treated patients had reduced risk for the onset and progression to severe AKI (stage 2 or 3) and, in a subset of critically ill patients, a reduced need for organ support and shorter ICU length of stay. CONCLUSIONS CER-001 shows promise as a therapeutic strategy for sepsis management, improving outcomes and mitigating inflammation and organ damage. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was approved by the Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco (AIFA) and by the Local Ethic Committee (N° EUDRACT 2020-004202-60, Protocol CER-001- SEP_AKI_01) and was added to the EU Clinical Trials Register on January 13, 2021.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Stasi
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Fiorentino
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Rossana Franzin
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Staffieri
- Veterinary Surgery Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Sabrina Carparelli
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Losapio
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Alberto Crovace
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Luca Lacitignola
- Veterinary Surgery Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Cimmarusti
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Murgolo
- Division of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Stufano
- Division of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Cesira Cafiero
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castellano
- Division of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Ferrari
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine-Intensive Care Unit Section, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Mario Ribezzi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine-Intensive Care Unit Section, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Brienza
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine-Intensive Care Unit Section, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Salvatore Grasso
- Division of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Pontrelli
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Antonio Crovace
- Veterinary Surgery Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu Q, Sun S, Yang Z, Shao Y, Li X. Serum Amyloid A 4 as a Common Marker of Persistent Inflammation in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:3783-3797. [PMID: 37663754 PMCID: PMC10474861 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s417791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and its subtype, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), are common choroidal vasculopathies. Although they share many common clinical manifestations and treatment strategies, a lack of comprehensive analysis of these conditions means that it is difficult for researchers to further explore the common pathomechanisms of nAMD and PCV. The aim of this study was to characterize aqueous humor (AH) proteome alterations and identify a novel biomarker related to both nAMD and PCV. Methods Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was adopted to analyze the AH proteomes of nAMD, PCV and controls. The target protein was validated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and subjected to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results A total of 737 different proteins were identified in all the groups, of which 544 were quantifiable. The bioinformatics analysis suggested that immune response activation is the essential event in both nAMD and PCV. Serum amyloid A (SAA) 4 is closely associated with a number of chronic inflammatory diseases, and it was enriched as the hub protein. ROC analysis showed that SAA4 could distinguish both nAMD and PCV from the controls. Conclusion This comprehensive study provides insights into, and furthers our understanding of, the pathological mechanism of nAMD and PCV. Additionally, the SAA4 level alteration may serve as a common biomarker of nAMD and PCV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300384, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Anhui NO.2 Provincial People’s hospital, Hefei, 230041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuo Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300384, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengwei Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300384, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Shao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300384, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300384, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Guadalupi G, Contini C, Iavarone F, Castagnola M, Messana I, Faa G, Onali S, Chessa L, Vitorino R, Amado F, Diaz G, Manconi B, Cabras T, Olianas A. Combined Salivary Proteome Profiling and Machine Learning Analysis Provides Insight into Molecular Signature for Autoimmune Liver Diseases Classification. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12207. [PMID: 37569584 PMCID: PMC10418803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are autoimmune liver diseases that target the liver and have a wide spectrum of presentation. A global overview of quantitative variations on the salivary proteome in presence of these two pathologies is investigated in this study. The acid-insoluble salivary fraction of AIH and PBC patients, and healthy controls (HCs), was analyzed using a gel-based bottom-up proteomic approach combined with a robust machine learning statistical analysis of the dataset. The abundance of Arginase, Junction plakoglobin, Desmoplakin, Hexokinase-3 and Desmocollin-1 decreased, while that of BPI fold-containing family A member 2 increased in AIHp compared to HCs; the abundance of Gelsolin, CD14, Tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2, Clusterin, Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A2/B1, Cofilin-1 and BPI fold-containing family B member 2 increased in PBCp compared to HCs. The abundance of Hornerin decreased in both AIHp and PBCp with respect to HCs and provided an area under the ROC curve of 0.939. Machine learning analysis confirmed the feasibility of the salivary proteome to discriminate groups of subjects based on AIH or PBC occurrence as previously suggested by our group. The topology-based functional enrichment analysis performed on these potential salivary biomarkers highlights an enrichment of terms mostly related to the immune system, but also with a strong involvement in liver fibrosis process and with antimicrobial activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Guadalupi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (T.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Cristina Contini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (T.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Federica Iavarone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario IRCCS “A. Gemelli”, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Castagnola
- Laboratorio di Proteomica, Centro Europeo di Ricerca sul Cervello, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Irene Messana
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gavino Faa
- Division of Pathology, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University Hospital, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Simona Onali
- Liver Unit, University Hospital of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (S.O.); (L.C.)
| | - Luchino Chessa
- Liver Unit, University Hospital of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (S.O.); (L.C.)
| | - Rui Vitorino
- iBiMED, Department of Medical Science, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisco Amado
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Giacomo Diaz
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Barbara Manconi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (T.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Tiziana Cabras
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (T.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Alessandra Olianas
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (T.C.); (A.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Giannuzzi F, Maiullari S, Gesualdo L, Sallustio F. The Mission of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Human Adult Renal Stem/Progenitor Cells and Renal Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081115. [PMID: 37190024 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a large, heterogeneous class of transcripts and key regulators of gene expression at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in different cellular contexts and biological processes. Understanding the potential mechanisms of action of lncRNAs and their role in disease onset and development may open up new possibilities for therapeutic approaches in the future. LncRNAs also play an important role in renal pathogenesis. However, little is known about lncRNAs that are expressed in the healthy kidney and that are involved in renal cell homeostasis and development, and even less is known about lncRNAs involved in human adult renal stem/progenitor cells (ARPC) homeostasis. Here we give a thorough overview of the biogenesis, degradation, and functions of lncRNAs and highlight our current understanding of their functional roles in kidney diseases. We also discuss how lncRNAs regulate stem cell biology, focusing finally on their role in human adult renal stem/progenitor cells, in which the lncRNA HOTAIR prevents them from becoming senescent and supports these cells to secrete high quantities of α-Klotho, an anti-aging protein capable of influencing the surrounding tissues and therefore modulating the renal aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giannuzzi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (DIM), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Silvia Maiullari
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (DIM), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
- MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
- MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Infante B, Conserva F, Pontrelli P, Leo S, Stasi A, Fiorentino M, Troise D, dello Strologo A, Alfieri C, Gesualdo L, Castellano G, Stallone G. Recent advances in molecular mechanisms of acute kidney injury in patients with diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 13:903970. [PMID: 36686462 PMCID: PMC9849571 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.903970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Several insults can lead to acute kidney injury (AKI) in native kidney and transplant patients, with diabetes critically contributing as pivotal risk factor. High glucose per se can disrupt several signaling pathways within the kidney that, if not restored, can favor the instauration of mechanisms of maladaptive repair, altering kidney homeostasis and proper function. Diabetic kidneys frequently show reduced oxygenation, vascular damage and enhanced inflammatory response, features that increase the kidney vulnerability to hypoxia. Importantly, epidemiologic data shows that previous episodes of AKI increase susceptibility to diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and that patients with DKD and history of AKI have a generally worse prognosis compared to DKD patients without AKI; it is therefore crucial to monitor diabetic patients for AKI. In the present review, we will describe the causes that contribute to increased susceptibility to AKI in diabetes, with focus on the molecular mechanisms that occur during hyperglycemia and how these mechanisms expose the different types of resident renal cells to be more vulnerable to maladaptive repair during AKI (contrast- and drug-induced AKI). Finally, we will review the list of the existing candidate biomarkers of diagnosis and prognosis of AKI in patients with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Infante
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Conserva
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Pontrelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Serena Leo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Stasi
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Fiorentino
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Dario Troise
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Alfieri
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castellano
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Stallone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gomes MDS, Duarte ME, Saraiva A, de Oliveira LL, Teixeira LM, Rocha GC. Effect of antibiotics and low-crude protein diets on growth performance, health, immune response, and fecal microbiota of growing pigs. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad357. [PMID: 37843846 PMCID: PMC10630186 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of diets with and without antibiotics supplementation and diets with 18.5% and 13.0% crude protein (CP) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, disease incidence, fecal microbiota, immune response, and antioxidant capacity of growing pigs. One hundred and eighty pigs (59-day-old; 18.5 ± 2.5 kg) were distributed in a randomized complete block design in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, nine replicates, and five pigs per pen. The factors were CP (18.5% or 13.0%) and antibiotics (none or 100 mg/kg tiamulin + 506 mg/kg oxytetracycline). Medicated diets were fed from days 59 to 73. After that, all pigs were fed their respective CP diets from 73 to 87 days. Data were analyzed using the Mixed procedure in SAS version 9.4. From days 59 to 73, pigs fed antibiotics diets had higher (P < 0.05) average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily weight gain (ADG), gain to feed ratio (G:F), compared to the diets without antibiotics. From days 73 to 87 (postmedicated period), any previous supplementation of antibiotics did not affect pig growth performance. Overall (days 59 to 87), pigs-fed antibiotics diets had higher (P < 0.05) G:F compared to pigs-fed diets without antibiotics. In all periods evaluated, pigs fed 18.5% CP diets had higher (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F compared to pigs fed 13.0% CP. Pigs fed the 13.0% CP diets had lower (P < 0.05) fecal score and diarrhea incidence than those fed 18.5% CP. Pigs fed 18.5% CP diets had improved (P < 0.05) loin area compared to pigs-fed diets with 13.0% CP. At 66 days of age, pigs-fed antibiotics diets had lower (P < 0.05) alpha diversity estimated with Shannon and Simpson compared to the pig-fed diets without antibiotics. At family level, pigs fed 18.5% CP diets had higher (P < 0.05) relative abundance of Streptococcaceae, and lower (P < 0.05) relative abundance of Clostridiaceae at days 66 and 87 compared with pigs fed 13.0% CP. Pigs-fed antibiotics diets had lower (P < 0.05) immunoglobulin G and protein carbonyl concentrations at day 66 compared to the pigs-fed diets without antibiotics. The reduction of dietary CP from 18.5% to 13.0% reduced the growth performance and loin muscle area of growing pigs, although it was effective to reduce diarrhea incidence. Antibiotics improved growth performance, lowered diarrhea incidence, improved components of the humoral immune response, and reduced microbiota diversity. However, in the postmedicated period, we found no residual effect on the general health of the animals, and considering the overall period, only G:F was improved by the use of antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maykelly da S Gomes
- Muscle Biology and Nutrigenomics Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcos E Duarte
- Departament of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA
| | - Alysson Saraiva
- Muscle Biology and Nutrigenomics Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas M Teixeira
- Muscle Biology and Nutrigenomics Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gabriel C Rocha
- Muscle Biology and Nutrigenomics Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Franzin R, Stasi A, Sallustio F, Bruno S, Merlotti G, Quaglia M, Grandaliano G, Pontrelli P, Thurman JM, Camussi G, Stallone G, Cantaluppi V, Gesualdo L, Castellano G. Extracellular vesicles derived from patients with antibody-mediated rejection induce tubular senescence and endothelial to mesenchymal transition in renal cells. Am J Transplant 2022; 22:2139-2157. [PMID: 35583104 PMCID: PMC9546277 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.17097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are emerging mediators in several diseases. However, their role in the pathophysiology of antibody-mediated allograft rejection (AMR) has been poorly investigated. Here, we investigated the role of EV isolated from AMR patients in inducing tubular senescence and endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and analyzed their miRNA expression profile. By multiplex bead flow cytometry, we characterized the immunophenotype of plasma AMR-derived EV and found a prevalent platelet and endothelial cell origin. In vitro, AMR-derived EV induced tubular senescence by upregulating SA-β Gal and CDKN1A mRNA. Furthermore, AMR-derived EV induced EndMT. The occurrence of tubular senescence and EndMT was confirmed by analysis of renal biopsies from the same AMR patients. Moreover, AMR-derived EV induced C3 gene upregulation and CFH downregulation in tubular epithelial cells, with C4d deposition on endothelial cells. Interestingly, RNase-mediated digestion of EV cargo completely abrogated tubular senescence and EndMT. By microarray analysis, miR-604, miR-515-3p, miR-let-7d-5p, and miR-590-3p were significantly upregulated in EV from AMR group compared with transplant controls, whereas miR-24-3p and miR-29a-3p were downregulated. Therefore, EV-associated miRNA could act as active player in AMR pathogenesis, unraveling potential mechanisms of accelerated graft senescence, complement activation and early fibrosis that might lead to new therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Franzin
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ TransplantationUniversity of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly
| | - Alessandra Stasi
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ TransplantationUniversity of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM)University of Bari "Aldo Moro"BariItaly
| | - Stefania Bruno
- Department of Medical Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology CenterUniversity of TorinoTorinoItaly
| | - Guido Merlotti
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Translational Medicine and Center for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD)University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO)NovaraItaly
| | - Marco Quaglia
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Translational Medicine and Center for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD)University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO)NovaraItaly
| | - Giuseppe Grandaliano
- Department Translational Medicine and SurgeryUniversità Cattolica Sacro CuoreRomeItaly
| | - Paola Pontrelli
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ TransplantationUniversity of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly
| | - Joshua M. Thurman
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology CenterUniversity of TorinoTorinoItaly
| | - Giovanni Stallone
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of FoggiaFoggiaItaly
| | - Vincenzo Cantaluppi
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Translational Medicine and Center for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD)University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO)NovaraItaly
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ TransplantationUniversity of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly
| | - Giuseppe Castellano
- Unit of NephrologyDialysis and Renal Transplantation ‐ Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di MilanoMilanItaly
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Picerno A, Giannuzzi F, Curci C, De Palma G, Di Chiano MG, Simone S, Franzin R, Gallone A, Di Lorenzo VF, Stasi A, Pertosa GB, Sabbà C, Gesualdo L, Sallustio F. The long non-coding RNA HOTAIR controls the self-renewal, cell senescence, and secretion of antiaging protein α-Klotho in human adult renal progenitor cells. Stem Cells 2022; 40:963-975. [PMID: 35922038 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) play an important role in several biological processes including some renal diseases. Nevertheless, little is known on lncRNA that are expressed in healthy kidney and involved in renal cell homeostasis and development, and even less is known about lncRNA involved in the maintenance of human adult renal stem/progenitor cells (ARPCs) that have been shown to be very important for renal homeostasis and repair processes. Through a whole genome transcriptome screening, we found that the HOTAIR lncRNA is highly expressed in renal progenitors and potentially involved in cell cycle and senescence biological processes. By CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, we generated HOTAIR knock-out ARPC lines and established a key role of this lncRNA in ARPC self-renewal properties by sustaining their proliferative capacity and limiting the apoptotic process. Intriguingly, the HOTAIR knock-out led to the ARPC senescence and to a significant decrease of the CD133 stem cell marker expression, that is an inverse marker of ARPC senescence and can regulate renal tubular repair after the damage. Furthermore, we found that ARPCs expressed high levels of the α-Klotho anti-aging protein and especially 2.6-fold higher levels compared to that secreted by renal proximal tubular cells (RPTECs). Finally, we showed that HOTAIR exerts its function through the epigenetic silencing of the cell cycle inhibitor p15 inducing the trimethylation of the histone H3K27. Altogether, these results shed new light on the mechanisms of regulation of these important renal cells and may support the future development of precision therapies for kidney diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Picerno
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Giannuzzi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Curci
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Palma
- MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Di Chiano
- Institutional BioBank, Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italia
| | - Simona Simone
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Rossana Franzin
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124, Bari, Italy.,MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Gallone
- MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Stasi
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124, Bari, Italy.,MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Pertosa
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124, Bari, Italy.,MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Sabbà
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124, Bari, Italy.,MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124, Bari, Italy.,MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shelke V, Kale A, Anders HJ, Gaikwad AB. Epigenetic regulation of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in kidney disease. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1017-1026. [PMID: 35704060 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02218-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Kidney disease affects more than 10% of the worldwide population and causes significant morbidity and mortality. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a pivotal role in the progression of kidney disease. These epigenetic mechanisms are reversible and majorly involved in regulating gene expression of inflammatory, fibrotic, and apoptotic proteins. Emerging data suggest that the Toll-like receptor 2 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR2 and TLR4) are expressed by almost all types of kidney cells and known for promoting inflammation by recognizing damage-associated molecular proteins (DAMPs). Epigenetic mechanisms regulate TLR2 and TLR4 signaling in various forms of kidney disease where different histone modifications promote the transcription of the TLR2 and TLR4 gene and its ligand high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1). Moreover, numerous long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) modulate TLR2 and TLR4 signaling in kidney disease. However, the precise mechanisms behind this regulation are still enigmatic. Studying the epigenetic mechanisms involved in the regulation of TLR2 and TLR4 signaling in the development of kidney disease may help in understanding and finding novel therapeutic strategies. This review discusses the intricate relationship of epigenetic mechanisms with TLR2 and TLR4 in different forms of kidney diseases. In addition, we discuss the different lncRNAs and miRNAs that regulate TLR2 and TLR4 as potential therapeutic targets in kidney disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishwadeep Shelke
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ajinath Kale
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333 031, Rajasthan, India.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
He L, Zhou S, Li W, Wang Q, Qi Z, Zhou P, Wang Z, Chen J, Li Y, Lin Z. BPIFA2 as a Novel Early Biomarker to Identify Fatal Radiation Injury After Radiation Exposure. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258221086478. [PMID: 35431693 PMCID: PMC9006374 DOI: 10.1177/15593258221086478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current dosimeters cannot cope with the two tasks of medical rescue in the early stage of nuclear accident, the accurate determination of radiation exposure and the identification of patients with fatal radiation injury. As radiation can cause alterations in serum components, it is feasible to develop biomarkers for radiation injury from serum. This study aims to investigate whether serum BPIFA2 could be used as a potential biomarker of predicting fatal radiation injury in the early stage after nuclear accident. Methods A rabbit anti-mouse BPIFA2 polyclonal antibody was prepared to detect the expression of BPIFA2. C57BL/6J female mice were exposed to total body radiation (TBI) at different dose and Partial body radiation (PBI) at lethal dose to detect the dynamic changes of BPIFA2 in serum at different time points after irradiation by Western blot assay. Results BPIFA2 in mice serum were significantly increased at 1–12 h post-irradiation at .5–10 Gy, and increased again significantly at 3 d after 10 Gy irradiation with associated with mortality closely. It also increased rapidly after PBI and was closely related to injury degree, regardless whether the salivary glands were irradiated. Conclusions The increase of serum BPIFA2 is a novel early biomarker not only for identifying radiation exposure, but also for fatal radiation injury playing a vital role in rational use of medical resources, and greater efficiency of medical treatment to minimize casualties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lexin He
- College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shixiang Zhou
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weihong Li
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhua Qi
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Pingkun Zhou
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhidong Wang
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Yaqiong Li
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongwu Lin
- Science Research Management Department of the Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Picerno A, Castellano G, Curci C, Kopaczka K, Stasi A, Pertosa GB, Sabbà C, Gesualdo L, Gramignoli R, Sallustio F. The Icarus Flight of Perinatal Stem and Renal Progenitor Cells Within Immune System. Front Immunol 2022; 13:840146. [PMID: 35355984 PMCID: PMC8959820 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.840146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Our immune system actively fights bacteria and viruses, and it must strike a delicate balance between over- and under-reaction, just like Daedalus and Icarus in Greek mythology, who could not escape their imprisonment by flying too high or too low. Both human amniotic epithelial and mesenchymal stromal cells and the conditioned medium generated from their culture exert multiple immunosuppressive activities. They have strong immunomodulatory properties that are influenced by the types and intensity of inflammatory stimuli present in the microenvironment. Notably, very recently, the immunomodulatory activity of human adult renal stem/progenitor cells (ARPCs) has been discovered. ARPCs cause a decrease in Tregs and CD3+ CD4- CD8- (DN) T cells in the early stages of inflammation, encouraging inflammation, and an increase in the late stages of inflammation, favoring inflammation quenching. If the inflammatory trigger continues, however, ARPCs cause a further increase in DN T cells to avoid the development of a harmful inflammatory state. As in the flight of Daedalus and Icarus, who could not fly too high or too low to not destroy their wings by the heat of the sun or the humidity of the sea, in response to an inflammatory environment, stem cells seem to behave by paying attention to regulating T cells in the balance between immune tolerance and autoimmunity. Recognizing the existence of both suppressive and stimulatory properties, and the mechanisms that underpin the duality of immune reaction, will aid in the development of active immunotherapeutic approaches that manipulate the immune system to achieve therapeutic benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Picerno
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castellano
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Curci
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Katarzyna Kopaczka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alessandra Stasi
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Pertosa
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Sabbà
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Gramignoli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gallo N, Natali ML, Curci C, Picerno A, Gallone A, Vulpi M, Vitarelli A, Ditonno P, Cascione M, Sallustio F, Rinaldi R, Sannino A, Salvatore L. Analysis of the Physico-Chemical, Mechanical and Biological Properties of Crosslinked Type-I Collagen from Horse Tendon: Towards the Development of Ideal Scaffolding Material for Urethral Regeneration. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7648. [PMID: 34947245 PMCID: PMC8707771 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Urethral stenosis is a pathological condition that consists in the narrowing of the urethral lumen because of the formation of scar tissue. Unfortunately, none of the current surgical approaches represent an optimal solution because of the high stricture recurrence rate. In this context, we preliminarily explored the potential of an insoluble type-I collagen from horse tendon as scaffolding material for the development of innovative devices for the regeneration of injured urethral tracts. Non-porous collagen-based substrates were produced and optimized, in terms of crosslinking density of the macromolecular structure, to either provide mechanical properties compliant with the urinary tract physiological stress and better sustain tissue regeneration. The effect of the adopted crosslinking strategy on the protein integrity and on the substrate physical-chemical, mechanical and biological properties was investigated in comparison with a decellularized matrix from porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS patch), an extensively used xenograft licensed for clinical use in urology. The optimized production protocols allowed the preservation of the type I collagen native structure and the realization of a substrate with appealing end-use properties. The biological response, preliminarily investigated by immunofluorescence experiments on human adult renal stem/progenitor cells until 28 days, showed the formation of a stem-cell monolayer within 14 days and the onset of spheroids within 28 days. These results suggested the great potential of the collagen-based material for the development of scaffolds for urethral plate regeneration and for in vitro cellular studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia Gallo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.L.N.); (A.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Maria Lucia Natali
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.L.N.); (A.S.); (L.S.)
- Typeone Biomaterials, Via Vittorio Veneto 64/C, 73036 Muro Leccese, Italy
| | - Claudia Curci
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Angela Picerno
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Anna Gallone
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Marco Vulpi
- Urology and Andrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (A.V.); (P.D.)
| | - Antonio Vitarelli
- Urology and Andrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (A.V.); (P.D.)
| | - Pasquale Ditonno
- Urology and Andrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (A.V.); (P.D.)
| | - Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Alessandro Sannino
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.L.N.); (A.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Luca Salvatore
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.L.N.); (A.S.); (L.S.)
- Typeone Biomaterials, Via Vittorio Veneto 64/C, 73036 Muro Leccese, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Picerno A, Stasi A, Franzin R, Curci C, di Bari I, Gesualdo L, Sallustio F. Why stem/progenitor cells lose their regenerative potential. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1714-1732. [PMID: 34909119 PMCID: PMC8641024 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i11.1714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, it is clear that adult stem cells, also called as tissue stem cells, play a central role to repair and maintain the tissue in which they reside by their self-renewal ability and capacity of differentiating into distinct and specialized cells. As stem cells age, their renewal ability declines and their capacity to maintain organ homeostasis and regeneration is impaired. From a molecular perspective, these changes in stem cells properties can be due to several types of cell intrinsic injury and DNA aberrant alteration (i.e epigenomic profile) as well as changes in the tissue microenviroment, both into the niche and by systemic circulating factors. Strikingly, it has been suggested that aging-induced deterioration of stem cell functions may play a key role in the pathophysiology of the various aging-associated disorders. Therefore, understanding how resident stem cell age and affects near and distant tissues is fundamental. Here, we examine the current knowledge about aging mechanisms in several kinds of adult stem cells under physiological and pathological conditions and the principal aging-related changes in number, function and phenotype that determine the loss of tissue renewal properties. Furthermore, we examine the possible cell rejuvenation strategies. Stem cell rejuvenation may reverse the aging phenotype and the discovery of effective methods for inducing and differentiating pluripotent stem cells for cell replacement therapies could open up new possibilities for treating age-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Picerno
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Alessandra Stasi
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Rossana Franzin
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Claudia Curci
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Ighli di Bari
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70124, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sallustio F, Picerno A, Tatullo M, Rampino A, Rengo C, Valletta A, Torretta S, Falcone RM. Toll-Like Receptors in Stem/Progenitor Cells. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 276:175-212. [PMID: 34595583 DOI: 10.1007/164_2021_539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
One of the bridges that control the cross-talk between the innate and adaptive immune systems is toll-like receptors (TLRs). TLRs interact with molecules shared and maintained by the source pathogens, but also with endogenous molecules derived from injured tissues (damage/danger-associated molecular patterns - DAMPs). This is likely why some kinds of stem/progenitor cells (SCs) have been found to express TLRs. The role of TLRs in regulating basal motility, proliferation, processes of differentiation, self-renewal, and immunomodulation has been demonstrated in these cells. In this book chapter, we will discuss the many different functions assumed by the TLRs in SCs, pointing out that, depending on the context and the type of ligands they perceive, they may have different effects. In addition, the role of TLR in SC's response to specific tissue damage and in reparative processes will be addressed, as well as how the discovery of molecules mediating TLR signaling's differential function may be decisive for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Given the available studies on TLRs in SCs, the significance of TLRs in sensing an injury to stem/progenitor cells and evaluating their action and reparative activity, which depends on the circumstances, will be discussed here. It could also be possible that SCs used in therapy could theoretically be exposed to TLR ligands, which could modulate their in vivo therapeutic potential. In this context, we need to better understand the mechanisms of action of TLRs on SCs and learn how to regulate these receptors and their downstream pathways in a precise way in order to modulate SC proliferation, survival, migration, and differentiation in the pathological environment. In this way, cell therapy may be strengthened and made safer in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Sallustio
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
| | - Angela Picerno
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Tatullo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs-University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Rampino
- Group of Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Rengo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Valletta
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Torretta
- Group of Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Falcone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Faria J, Gerritsen KGF, Nguyen TQ, Mihaila SM, Masereeuw R. Diabetic proximal tubulopathy: Can we mimic the disease for in vitro screening of SGLT inhibitors? Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 908:174378. [PMID: 34303664 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the foremost cause of renal failure. While the glomeruli are severely affected in the course of the disease, the main determinant for disease progression is the tubulointerstitial compartment. DKD does not develop in the absence of hyperglycemia. Since the proximal tubule is the major player in glucose reabsorption, it has been widely studied as a therapeutic target for the development of new therapies. Currently, there are several proximal tubule cell lines available, being the human kidney-2 (HK-2) and human kidney clone-8 (HKC-8) cell lines the ones widely used for studying mechanisms of DKD. Studies in these models have pushed forward the understanding on how DKD unravels, however, these cell culture models possess limitations that hamper research, including lack of transporters and dedifferentiation. The sodium-glucose cotransporters (SGLT) are identified as key players in glucose reabsorption and pharmacological inhibitors have shown to be beneficial for the long-term clinical outcome in DKD. However, their mechanism of action has, as of yet, not been fully elucidated. To comprehend the protective effects of SGLT inhibitors, it is essential to understand the complete functional, structural, and molecular features of the disease, which until now have been difficult to recapitulate. This review addresses the molecular events of diabetic proximal tubulopathy. In addition, we evaluate the protective role of SGLT inhibitors in cardiovascular and renal outcomes, and provide an overview of various in vitro models mimicking diabetic proximal tubulopathy used so far. Finally, new insights on advanced in vitro systems to surpass past limitations are postulated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Faria
- Div. Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Karin G F Gerritsen
- Dept. Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Tri Q Nguyen
- Dept. Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Silvia M Mihaila
- Div. Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; Dept. Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Div. Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu H, Liu C, Qu Y. The effect and molecular mechanism of hypoxia on proliferation and apoptosis of CD133+ renal stem cells. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2021; 21:313-322. [PMID: 32767964 PMCID: PMC8112556 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2020.4887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital hydronephrosis caused by ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) eventually leads to renal interstitial fibrosis and atrophy, after a series of pathophysiological problems. Renal repair after injury depends on renal stem cells. This study aimed to determine the expression of renal stem cell marker CD133 in children of different ages and the regulatory effect of stem cell microenvironment. Renal stem cells from children of different ages were identified and screened out by flow cytometry in the study. Children with hydronephrosis were divided into neonates, infants, preschool age, school age, and adolescents groups. A hypoxic cell model prepared with CoCl2 was developed to detect the effect of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of renal stem cells. The effect and molecular mechanism of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) on the proliferation and apoptosis of renal stem cells were also explored. Both hypoxia and HIF-1α significantly promoted the proliferation of renal stem cells and inhibited cell apoptosis. HIF-1α could bind to the promoter region of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and PROM1 (CD133) to mediate their transcription and expression. The content of CD133+ renal stem cells was the highest in the neonatal group and it decreased with the increase of age. Taken together, this study clarified the effect of age on the content of human renal stem cells and determined the regulatory mechanism of hypoxia on renal stem cells. We expect our results to provide a research basis for the treatment and clinical application of renal stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Department of Pediatric General Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Cui Liu
- Department of Pediatric General Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yan Qu
- Department of Pediatric General Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Small molecules against the origin and activation of myofibroblast for renal interstitial fibrosis therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111386. [PMID: 34243594 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is a common pathological response in a broad range of prevalent chronic kidney diseases and ultimately leads to renal failure and death. Although RIF causes a high morbi-mortality worldwide, effective therapeutic drugs are urgently needed. Myofibroblasts are identified as the main effector during the process of RIF. Multiple types of cells, including fibroblasts, epithelial cells, endothelial cells, macrophages and pericytes, contribute to renal myofibroblasts origin, and lots of mediators, including signaling pathways (Transforming growth factor-β1, mammalian target of rapamycin and reactive oxygen species) and epigenetic modifications (Histone acetylation, microRNA and long non-coding RNA) are participated in renal myofibroblasts activation during renal fibrogenesis, suggesting that these mediators may be the promising targets for treating RIF. In addition, many small molecules show profound therapeutic effects on RIF by suppressing the origin and activation of renal myofibroblasts. Taken together, the review focuses on the mechanisms of the origin and activation of renal myofibroblasts in RIF and the small molecules against them improving RIF, which will provide a new insight for RIF therapy.
Collapse
|
24
|
Jiang R, Han L, Gao Q, Chao J. ZC3H4 mediates silica-induced EndoMT via ER stress and autophagy. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 84:103605. [PMID: 33545378 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory reactions induced by alveolar macrophages and excessive fibroblast activation lead to pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis. The endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) is a key source of myofibroblasts. ZC3H4 is a member of the CCCH zinc finger protein family that participates in macrophage activation and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, whether ZC3H4 is involved in EndoMT in silicosis has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, we conducted further studies into the role of ZC3H4 in silica-induced EndoMT in pulmonary vessels. METHODS Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the regulatory influences of SiO2 on pulmonary fibrosis and EndoMT. ZC3H4 was specifically downregulated using CRISPR/Cas9 to explore whether ZC3H4 regulated EndoMT during silicosis. C57BL/6 J mice were administered with SiO2 via the trachea to establish a silicosis animal model. RESULTS 1) SiO2 exposure increased ZC3H4 expression in pulmonary vessels. 2) ZC3H4 was involved in EndoMT induced by silica. 3) ZC3H4 mediated EndoMT via endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) and autophagy. CONCLUSIONS ZC3H4 greatly affects the progression of SiO2-induced EndoMT via ER stress and autophagy, which provides the possibility that ZC3H4 may become a novel target in pulmonary fibrosis treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jiang
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Occupation Disease Prevention and Cure, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Qianqian Gao
- Department of Occupation Disease Prevention and Cure, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Jie Chao
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Stasi A, Franzin R, Divella C, Sallustio F, Curci C, Picerno A, Pontrelli P, Staffieri F, Lacitignola L, Crovace A, Cantaluppi V, Medica D, Ronco C, de Cal M, Lorenzin A, Zanella M, Pertosa GB, Stallone G, Gesualdo L, Castellano G. PMMA-Based Continuous Hemofiltration Modulated Complement Activation and Renal Dysfunction in LPS-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Front Immunol 2021; 12:605212. [PMID: 33868226 PMCID: PMC8047323 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.605212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication in critically ill patients, refractory to conventional treatments. Aberrant activation of innate immune system may affect organ damage with poor prognosis for septic patients. Here, we investigated the efficacy of polymethyl methacrylate membrane (PMMA)-based continuous hemofiltration (CVVH) in modulating systemic and tissue immune activation in a swine model of LPS-induced AKI. After 3 h from LPS infusion, animals underwent to PMMA-CVVH or polysulfone (PS)-CVVH. Renal deposition of terminal complement mediator C5b-9 and of Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) deposits were evaluated on biopsies whereas systemic Complement activation was assessed by ELISA assay. Gene expression profile was performed from isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by microarrays and the results validated by Real-time PCR. Endotoxemic pigs presented oliguric AKI with increased tubulo-interstitial infiltrate, extensive collagen deposition, and glomerular thrombi; local PTX-3 and C5b-9 renal deposits and increased serum activation of classical and alternative Complement pathways were found in endotoxemic animals. PMMA-CVVH treatment significantly reduced tissue and systemic Complement activation limiting renal damage and fibrosis. By microarray analysis, we identified 711 and 913 differentially expressed genes with a fold change >2 and a false discovery rate <0.05 in endotoxemic pigs and PMMA-CVVH treated-animals, respectively. The most modulated genes were Granzyme B, Complement Factor B, Complement Component 4 Binding Protein Alpha, IL-12, and SERPINB-1 that were closely related to sepsis-induced immunological process. Our data suggest that PMMA-based CVVH can efficiently modulate immunological dysfunction in LPS-induced AKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Stasi
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Rossana Franzin
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Divella
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Curci
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Angela Picerno
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Pontrelli
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Staffieri
- Veterinary Surgery Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Lacitignola
- Veterinary Surgery Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Crovace
- Veterinary Surgery Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cantaluppi
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy
| | - Davide Medica
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy
| | - Claudio Ronco
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy.,International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza (IRRIV), Vicenza, Italy.,Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo de Cal
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy.,International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza (IRRIV), Vicenza, Italy
| | - Anna Lorenzin
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy.,International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza (IRRIV), Vicenza, Italy
| | - Monica Zanella
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Giovanni B Pertosa
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Stallone
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castellano
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Molecular Mechanisms of Renal Progenitor Regulation: How Many Pieces in the Puzzle? Cells 2021; 10:cells10010059. [PMID: 33401654 PMCID: PMC7823786 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidneys of mice, rats and humans possess progenitors that maintain daily homeostasis and take part in endogenous regenerative processes following injury, owing to their capacity to proliferate and differentiate. In the glomerular and tubular compartments of the nephron, consistent studies demonstrated that well-characterized, distinct populations of progenitor cells, localized in the parietal epithelium of Bowman capsule and scattered in the proximal and distal tubules, could generate segment-specific cells in physiological conditions and following tissue injury. However, defective or abnormal regenerative responses of these progenitors can contribute to pathologic conditions. The molecular characteristics of renal progenitors have been extensively studied, revealing that numerous classical and evolutionarily conserved pathways, such as Notch or Wnt/β-catenin, play a major role in cell regulation. Others, such as retinoic acid, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, TLR2 (Toll-like receptor 2) and leptin, are also important in this process. In this review, we summarize the plethora of molecular mechanisms directing renal progenitor responses during homeostasis and following kidney injury. Finally, we will explore how single-cell RNA sequencing could bring the characterization of renal progenitors to the next level, while knowing their molecular signature is gaining relevance in the clinic.
Collapse
|
27
|
Curci C, Picerno A, Chaoul N, Stasi A, De Palma G, Franzin R, Pontrelli P, Castellano G, Pertosa GB, Macchia L, Di Lorenzo VF, Sabbà C, Gallone A, Gesualdo L, Sallustio F. Adult Renal Stem/Progenitor Cells Can Modulate T Regulatory Cells and Double Negative T Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010274. [PMID: 33383950 PMCID: PMC7795073 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult Renal Stem/Progenitor Cells (ARPCs) have been recently identified in the human kidney and several studies show their active role in kidney repair processes during acute or chronic injury. However, little is known about their immunomodulatory properties and their capacity to regulate specific T cell subpopulations. We co-cultured ARPCs activated by triggering Toll-Like Receptor 2 (TLR2) with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells for 5 days and 15 days and studied their immunomodulatory capacity on T cell subpopulations. We found that activated-ARPCs were able to decrease T cell proliferation but did not affect CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. Instead, Tregs and CD3+ CD4- CD8- double-negative (DN) T cells decreased after 5 days and increased after 15 days of co-culture. In addition, we found that PAI1, MCP1, GM-CSF, and CXCL1 were significantly expressed by TLR2-activated ARPCs alone and were up-regulated in T cells co-cultured with activated ARPCs. The exogenous cocktail of cytokines was able to reproduce the immunomodulatory effects of the co-culture with activated ARPCs. These data showed that ARPCs can regulate immune response by inducing Tregs and DN T cells cell modulation, which are involved in the balance between immune tolerance and autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Curci
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (R.F.); (P.P.); (G.B.P.); (L.G.)
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Angela Picerno
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (R.F.); (P.P.); (G.B.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Nada Chaoul
- Allergology Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (N.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Alessandra Stasi
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (R.F.); (P.P.); (G.B.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Giuseppe De Palma
- Institutional BioBank, Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Rossana Franzin
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (R.F.); (P.P.); (G.B.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Paola Pontrelli
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (R.F.); (P.P.); (G.B.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Castellano
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Giovanni B. Pertosa
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (R.F.); (P.P.); (G.B.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Luigi Macchia
- Allergology Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (N.C.); (L.M.)
| | | | - Carlo Sabbà
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Anna Gallone
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (R.F.); (P.P.); (G.B.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhou D, Wu Y, Wang S, Li J, Luan J. Harnessing noncoding RNA-based macrophage polarization: Emerging therapeutic opportunities for fibrosis. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2020; 8:793-806. [PMID: 33080104 PMCID: PMC7654411 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aim Organ fibrosis is a common pathological outcome of persistent tissue injury correlated with organ failure and death. Although current antifibrotic therapies have led to unprecedented successes, only a minority of patients with fibrosis benefit from these treatments. There is an urgent need to identify new targets and biomarkers that could be exploited in the diagnosis and treatment of fibrosis. Methods Macrophages play a dual role in the fibrogenesis across different organs either by promoting pro‐inflammatory or anti‐inflammatory responses. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play key roles in macrophage functions by manipulating macrophage polarization. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of ncRNA‐associated macrophage polarization is important to move toward therapeutic interventions. Results In this review, we provide an overview of recent insights into the role of ncRNAs in different fibrotic diseases by modulating macrophage phenotypic plasticity and functional heterogeneity. We also discuss the potential mechanisms of different ncRNAs integrate heterogeneous macrophages in fibrogenesis,including regulatory signatures, networks, and reciprocal interactions. Conclusions A broader understanding of how ncRNA‐directed macrophage phenotype transition in immunity and fibrosis might promote the development of a novel strategy for antifibrotic treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dexi Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yilai Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiajie Luan
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hu BC, Wu GH, Shao ZQ, Zheng Y, Liu JQ, Zhang R, Hong J, Yang XH, Sun RH, Mo SJ. Redox DAPK1 destabilizes Pellino1 to govern inflammation-coupling tubular damage during septic AKI. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:11479-11496. [PMID: 33052227 PMCID: PMC7546007 DOI: 10.7150/thno.49870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tubular damage initiated by inflammatory response and ischemic/hypoxic stress is a hallmark of septic acute kidney injury (AKI), albeit the molecular mechanism coupling the two events remains unclear. We investigated the intrinsic nature of tubular damage with respect to inflammatory/hypoxic stress during septic AKI. Methods: The apoptotic response of tubular cells to LPS stimuli was analyzed before and after hypoxia exposure. Cellular ubiquitination, co-immunoprecipitation, GST-pulldown, in vitro protein kinase assay, immunofluorescence and CRISPR technology were adopted to determine the molecular mechanism underlying this process. In vivo characterization was performed in wild-type and DAPK1-/- mice models of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Results: We found that the MyD88-dependent inflammatory response couples to tubular damage during LPS stimuli under hypoxia in a Fn14/SCFFbxw7α-dispensable manner via recruitment of caspase-8 with TRIF-RIP1 signalosome mediated by DAPK1, which directly binds to and phosphorylates Pellino1 at Ser39, leading to Pellino1 poly-ubiquitination and turnover. Either pharmacological deactivation or genetic ablation of DAPK1 makes tubular cells refractory to the LPS-induced damage in the context of hypoxia, while kinase activity of DAPK1 is essential for ruin execution. Targeting DAPK1 effectively protects mice against septic AKI and potentiates the efficacy of a MyD88 homodimerization inhibitor, ST2825. Conclusion: Our findings provide a rationale for the mechanism whereby inflammation intersects with hypoxic tubular damage during septic AKI through a previously unappreciated role of DAPK1-inducible Ser39 phosphorylation in Pellino1 turnover and underscore that combined targeting DAPK1 and MyD88 might be a feasible strategy for septic AKI management.
Collapse
|
30
|
The salivary protein BPIFA2 differentially regulates sodium preference and blood pressure in male and female mice. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1017/exp.2020.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBPIFA2 (PSP, SPLUNC2, C20orf70) is a major salivary protein of uncertain physiological function. BPIFA2 is downregulated in salivary glands of spontaneously hypertensive rats, pointing to a role in blood pressure regulation. This study used a novel Bpifa2 knockout mouse model to test the role of BPIFA2 in sodium preference and blood pressure. Blood pressure did not differ between wild-type male and female mice but was significantly lower in male knockout mice compared to male wild-type mice. In contrast, blood pressure was increased in female knockout mice compared to female wild-type mice. Female wild-type mice showed a significant preference for 0.9% saline compared to male mice. This difference was reduced in the knockout mice. BPIFA2 is an LPS-binding protein but it remains to be determined if the reported effects are mediated by the LPS-binding activity of BPIFA2.
Collapse
|
31
|
New Frontiers in Stem Cell Research and Translational Approaches. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9010011. [PMID: 31947909 PMCID: PMC7168217 DOI: 10.3390/biology9010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell biology represents a challenging research area with a huge potential translational approach. This review focuses on the most recent findings on stem cell basics and clinics in several fields of research, as final outcome of the 10th conference held by Stem Cell Research Italy (SCR Italy) in Naples, Italy in June 2019. Current state-of-the-art and novel findings on stem cell research are discussed, bringing together basic and applied research with the newest insights in stem cell therapy.
Collapse
|