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Lefferts EC, Saavedra JM, Song BK, Brellenthin AG, Pescatello LS, Lee DC. Increasing Lifestyle Walking by 3000 Steps per Day Reduces Blood Pressure in Sedentary Older Adults with Hypertension: Results from an e-Health Pilot Study. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:317. [PMID: 37623330 PMCID: PMC10455876 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10080317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing daily steps by an additional 3000 steps/day on 5 days/week equates to ~150 min/week of aerobic physical activity to meet the physical activity guidelines; however, its effectiveness for blood pressure control in older adults with hypertension is unknown. A 20-week, single-arm, pilot e-health lifestyle walking intervention was conducted in 21 sedentary older adults (73 ± 5 years old) with hypertension (13 female, 8 male) to investigate the effectiveness of increasing daily steps by an additional 3000 steps/day for blood pressure control. The intervention consisted of two phases, with behavior change assistance provided during the first active phase (weeks 1-10) to help reach step goals and minimal assistance provided during the second self-maintenance phase (weeks 11-20). Nineteen participants (91%) completed both the 10- and 20-week assessments. The participants wore the pedometer for ≥10 h on 97% of the days over 20 weeks. They significantly increased average steps/day from 3899 ± 2198 at baseline to 6512 ± 2633 at 10 weeks and 5567 ± 2587 at 20 weeks. After 20 weeks, both systolic (137 ± 10 to 130 ± 11 mm Hg, p < 0.001) and diastolic (81 ± 6 to 77 ± 6 mm Hg, p = 0.01) blood pressure improved. The response was consistent in participants with (n = 8) and without (n = 13) anti-hypertensive medication. The results of our lifestyle walking intervention are encouraging for reducing blood pressure in older adults with hypertension; however, larger randomized, controlled trials need to be performed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C. Lefferts
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (E.C.L.); (J.M.S.); (A.G.B.)
| | - Joseph M. Saavedra
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (E.C.L.); (J.M.S.); (A.G.B.)
| | - Bong Kil Song
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (E.C.L.); (J.M.S.); (A.G.B.)
| | - Angelique G. Brellenthin
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (E.C.L.); (J.M.S.); (A.G.B.)
| | | | - Duck-chul Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (E.C.L.); (J.M.S.); (A.G.B.)
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Schneider VM, Frank P, Fuchs SC, Ferrari R. Effects of recreational sports and combined training on blood pressure and glycated hemoglobin in middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Exp Gerontol 2021; 154:111549. [PMID: 34509590 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combined resistance and aerobic training (CT) is the most suitable form of exercise training to simultaneously improve strength and cardiometabolic profile in middle-aged and older adults. Recreational sports (RS) emerge as an alternative to CT to improve these outcomes. We performed a meta-analysis on the effects of RS and CT on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in middle-aged and older adults and to compare these exercise interventions to a non-exercising control group (CON). METHODS Search was conducted using the databases at PubMed, COCHRANE and SciELO between July and August 2020. Studies that included men and women aged ≥45 years, healthy or with values for SBP ≥130 mmHg or DBP ≥80 mmHg or with type 2 diabetes and performed RS or CT versus CON. RESULTS From 6017 records, 27 studies were included (9 RS and 18 CT). The analysis included 1411 participants with 55 ± 8 years. RS and CT were associated with reductions in SBP (RS: -7.2 mmHg, P = 0.03; CT: -3.6 mmHg, P < 0.001) and DBP (RS: -3.6 mmHg, P = 0.02; CT: -3.1 mmHg, P < 0.001) versus CON. Only CT was associated with a reduction in HbA1c versus CON (-0.47%; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS RS and CT are effective exercise interventions to improve BP in middle-aged and older adults. CT seems to be an excellent strategy to reduce HbA1c, and future studies are necessary to confirm the effectiveness of RS to improve HbA1c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius M Schneider
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Sports and Exercise Training Study Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Frank
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Sports and Exercise Training Study Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sandra C Fuchs
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Sports and Exercise Training Study Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Ferrari
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Sports and Exercise Training Study Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Ammar A, Boukhris O, Halfpaap N, Labott BK, Langhans C, Herold F, Grässler B, Müller P, Trabelsi K, Chtourou H, Zmijewski P, Driss T, Glenn JM, Müller NG, Hoekelmann A. Four Weeks of Detraining Induced by COVID-19 Reverse Cardiac Improvements from Eight Weeks of Fitness-Dance Training in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:5930. [PMID: 34073051 PMCID: PMC8198940 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Physical training is considered as a low-cost intervention to generate cardioprotective benefits and to promote physical and mental health, while reducing the severity of acute respiratory infection symptoms in older adults. However, lockdown measures during COVID-19 have limited people's opportunity to exercise regularly. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of Fitness and Dance training, followed by four weeks of COVID-19-induced detraining, on cardiac adaptations and physical performance indicators in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Twelve older adults (6 males and 6 females) with MCI (age, 73 ± 4.4 y; body mass, 75.3 ± 6.4 kg; height, 172 ± 8 cm; MMSE score: 24-27) participated in eight weeks of a combined Fitness-Dance training intervention (two sessions/week) followed by four weeks of training cessation induced by COVID-19 lockdowns. Wireless Polar Team Pro and Polar heart rate sensors (H10) were used to monitor covered distance, speed, heart rate (HR min, avg and max), time in HR zone 1 to 5, strenuousness (load score), beat-to-beat interval (max RR and avg RR) and heart rate variability (HRV-RMSSD). One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data of the three test sessions (T1: first training session, T2: last training session of the eight-week training program, and T3: first training session after the four-week training cessation). Statistical analysis showed that eight weeks of combined Fitness-Dance training induced beneficial cardiac adaptations by decreasing HR (HR min, HR avg and HR max) with p < 0.001, ES = 0.5-0.6 and Δ = -7 to-9 bpm, and increasing HRV related responses (max and avg RR and RMSSD), with p < 0.01 and ES = 0.4. Consequently, participants spent more time in comfortable HR zones (e.g., p < 0.0005; ES = 0.7; Δ = 25% for HR zone 1) and showed reduced strenuousness (p = 0.02, Δ = -15% for load score), despite the higher covered total distance and average speed (p < 0.01; ES = 0.4). However, these changes were reversed after only four weeks of COVID-19 induced detraining, with values of all parameters returning to their baseline levels. In conclusion, eight weeks of combined Fitness-Dance training seems to be an efficient strategy to promote cardioprotective benefits in older adults with MCI. Importantly, to maintain these health benefits, training has to be continued and detraining periods should be reduced. During a pandemic, home-based exercise programs may provide an effective and efficient alternative of physical training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achraf Ammar
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (N.H.); (B.K.L.); (C.L.); (B.G.); (A.H.)
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France;
| | - Omar Boukhris
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (O.B.); (H.C.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
| | - Nicole Halfpaap
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (N.H.); (B.K.L.); (C.L.); (B.G.); (A.H.)
| | - Berit Kristin Labott
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (N.H.); (B.K.L.); (C.L.); (B.G.); (A.H.)
| | - Corinna Langhans
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (N.H.); (B.K.L.); (C.L.); (B.G.); (A.H.)
| | - Fabian Herold
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39104 Magdeburg, Germany; (F.H.); (P.M.); (N.G.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Grässler
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (N.H.); (B.K.L.); (C.L.); (B.G.); (A.H.)
| | - Patrick Müller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39104 Magdeburg, Germany; (F.H.); (P.M.); (N.G.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Khaled Trabelsi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
- Research Laboratory, Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (O.B.); (H.C.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
| | - Piotr Zmijewski
- Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Tarak Driss
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France;
| | - Jordan M. Glenn
- Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
- Neurotrack Technologies, 399 Bradford St, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - Notger G. Müller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39104 Magdeburg, Germany; (F.H.); (P.M.); (N.G.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Brenneckestraße 6, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anita Hoekelmann
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (N.H.); (B.K.L.); (C.L.); (B.G.); (A.H.)
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Li H, Chen X, Fang Y. The Development Strategy of Home-Based Exercise in China Based on the SWOT-AHP Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18031224. [PMID: 33572996 PMCID: PMC7908455 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In view of the increasing importance of sports to people and the impact of COVID-19 on people’s lives, home-based exercise has become a popular choice for people to keep fit due to its unique advantages and its popularity is expected to keep growing in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the development direction of home-based exercise and put in the corresponding efforts. However, there is currently a lack of research on all aspects of home-based exercise. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effective sustainable development strategy of home-based exercise in China through a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) and AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) hybrid model. Thirteen factors corresponding to the SWOT analysis were identified through a literature review and expert opinions. The results show that in China the advantages and potential outweigh the weaknesses and threats of home-based exercise. Home-based exercise should grasp the external development opportunities and choose the SO development strategic type that combines internal strengths and external opportunities. As the core for the development of home-based exercise, this strategy should be given priority. To sum up, home-based exercise is believed to have a bright future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanming Li
- College of Physical Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
| | - Xingquan Chen
- College of Physical Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Yiwei Fang
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
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Fu J, Liu Y, Zhang L, Zhou L, Li D, Quan H, Zhu L, Hu F, Li X, Meng S, Yan R, Zhao S, Onwuka JU, Yang B, Sun D, Zhao Y. Nonpharmacologic Interventions for Reducing Blood Pressure in Adults With Prehypertension to Established Hypertension. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e016804. [PMID: 32975166 PMCID: PMC7792371 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.016804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Nonpharmacologic interventions that modify lifestyle can lower blood pressure (BP) and have been assessed in numerous randomized controlled trials and pairwise meta‐analyses. It is still unclear which intervention would be most efficacious. Methods and Results Bayesian network meta‐analyses were performed to estimate the comparative effectiveness of different interventions for lowering BP. From 60 166 potentially relevant articles, 120 eligible articles (14 923 participants) with a median follow‐up of 12 weeks, assessing 22 nonpharmacologic interventions, were included. According to the surface under the cumulative ranking probabilities and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) quality of evidence, for adults with prehypertension to established hypertension, high‐quality evidence indicated that the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) was superior to usual care and all other nonpharmacologic interventions in lowering systolic BP (weighted mean difference, 6.97 mm Hg; 95% credible interval, 4.50–9.47) and diastolic BP (weighted mean difference, 3.54 mm Hg; 95% credible interval, 1.80–5.28). Compared with usual care, moderate‐ to high‐quality evidence indicated that aerobic exercise, isometric training, low‐sodium and high‐potassium salt, comprehensive lifestyle modification, breathing‐control, and meditation could lower systolic BP and diastolic BP. For patients with hypertension, moderate‐ to high‐quality evidence suggested that the interventions listed (except comprehensive lifestyle modification) were associated with greater systolic BP and diastolic BP reduction than usual care; salt restriction was also effective in lowering both systolic BP and diastolic BP. Among overweight and obese participants, low‐calorie diet and low‐calorie diet plus exercise could lower more BP than exercise. Conclusions DASH might be the most effective intervention in lowering BP for adults with prehypertension to established hypertension. Aerobic exercise, isometric training, low‐sodium and high‐potassium salt, comprehensive lifestyle modification, salt restriction, breathing‐control, meditation and low‐calorie diet also have obvious effects on BP reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Fu
- Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province P.R. China
| | - Yupeng Liu
- Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province P.R. China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province P.R. China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province P.R. China
| | - Hude Quan
- Department of Community Health Sciences University of Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province P.R. China
| | - Fulan Hu
- Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province P.R. China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province P.R. China
| | - Shuhan Meng
- Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province P.R. China
| | - Ran Yan
- Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province P.R. China
| | - Suhua Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province P.R. China
| | - Justina Ucheojor Onwuka
- Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province P.R. China
| | - Baofeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and the State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province P.R. China
| | - Dianjun Sun
- Center for Endemic Disease Control Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province P.R. China
| | - Yashuang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province P.R. China
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The Effect of Exercise on the Older Adult's Blood Pressure Suffering Hypertension: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Clinical Trial Studies. Int J Hypertens 2020; 2020:2786120. [PMID: 33014449 PMCID: PMC7512073 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2786120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Senescence refers to spontaneous and progressive irreversible degenerative changes in which both the physical and psychological power diminish significantly. Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular disease in the elderly. Several studies have been conducted regarding the effect of exercise on reducing the blood pressure of the elderly, which have found contradictory results. One of the uses of meta-analysis study is responding to these assumptions and resolving the discrepancies. Accordingly, the aim of the present study is to determine the impact of exercise on the blood pressure of older adults. Method In this research, in order to find electronic published papers from 1992 to 2019, the papers published in both domestic and foreign databases including SID, MagIran, IranMedex, IranDox, Gogole Scholar, Cohrane, Embase, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science (ISI) were used. Heterogeneity index between the studies was determined based on Cochran test Q(c) and I2. Considering existence of heterogeneity, random effects model was employed to estimate the standardized subtraction of the mean exercise test score for reduction of blood pressure in the older adults across the intervention group before and after the test. Results In this meta-analysis and systematic review, eventually 69 papers met the inclusion criteria. The total number of participants was 2272 in the pre- and postintervention groups when examining the systolic changes and 2252 subjects in the pre- and postintervention groups when inspecting the diastolic changes. The standardized mean difference in examining the systolic changes before the intervention was 137.1 ± 8.09 and 132.98 ± 0.96 after the intervention; when exploring the diastolic changes, the pre- and postintervention values were 80.3 ± 0.85 and 76.0 ± 6.56, respectively, where these differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01). Conclusion The results of this study indicated that exercise leads to significant reduction in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Accordingly, regular exercise can be part of the treatment plan for hypertensive elderly.
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Tsuji I. Epidemiologic Research on Healthy Life Expectancy and Proposal for Its Extension: A Revised English Version of Japanese in the Journal of the Japan Medical Association 2019;148(9):1781-4. JMA J 2020; 3:149-153. [PMID: 33150248 PMCID: PMC7590378 DOI: 10.31662/jmaj.2020-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy life expectancy is an indicator that represents a composite of data on mortality and health status and is defined as the average number of years that a person can expect to live at a certain level of health. To extend people's healthy life expectancy, my colleague and I conducted a variety of epidemiologic research based upon community-based cohort studies and intervention trials. The findings from our prospective cohort studies included blood pressure reference values measured at home, green tea health benefit, Japanese dietary pattern, and feeling ikigai (a sense of life worth living) at daily life. Based upon these evidence, I have made some proposals toward extension of healthy life expectancy. In 2011, as the Chair of the Planning Committee for the Next National Health Promotion of Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW), I proposed that the Health Japan 21 (second term) should aim to extend healthy life expectancy to exceed the number of years extended in the total life expectancy, thus compressing the duration to be spent in an unhealthy state (compression of morbidity). In the interim evaluation of the Health Japan 21 (second term) in 2018, we were able to demonstrate that this goal is being achieved. Compared with 2010, in 2016, the increase in healthy life expectancy (1.72 years in men and 1.17 years in women) was higher than that of total life expectancy (1.43 years in men and 0.84 years in women). As a result, the duration to be spent in an unhealthy state was reduced by 0.29 years in men and by 0.33 years in women. It is important to note that Japan is the only country that has made progress in achieving compression of morbidity at the national level. We need to maintain this momentum of compressing morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Tsuji
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics & Public Health, School of Public Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Bersaoui M, Baldew SSM, Cornelis N, Toelsie J, Cornelissen VA. The effect of exercise training on blood pressure in African and Asian populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2019; 27:457-472. [PMID: 31450966 DOI: 10.1177/2047487319871233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise is key in the primary prevention and management of hypertension. Yet, current exercise recommendations are predominantly based on meta-analyses involving populations of European descent. Since blood pressure (BP) responses to pharmaceutical interventions are known to differ among ethnic groups, we aimed to investigate the BP responses to exercise training in non-European descendants. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to systematically summarize the available literature on the efficacy of exercise on BP in healthy adults (age ≥18 years) of African or Asian origin. METHODS We searched the MEDLINE database for randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effect of exercise training on BP in healthy African and Asian adults with optimal BP, elevated BP or hypertension and published in a peer-reviewed journal up to May 2019. Random effect models were fitted to estimate the effect sizes. RESULTS We identified 22 trials involving individuals of Asian origin (n = 931; mean age: 44 years; 41% male) and four trials involving individuals of African origin (n = 510; mean age: 56.7 years; 80% male). Aerobic exercise training significantly (p < 0.001) reduced systolic and diastolic BP in each ethnic group. Resistance training did not affect the BP of Asian participants with optimal BP. The effect of resistance training in Asians with elevated BP or hypertension and Africans could not be determined due to lack of data. Sub-analyses suggested somewhat larger reductions in systolic BP following aerobic training in hypertensive Africans compared with hypertensive Asians. CONCLUSIONS We found favorable effects of aerobic exercise training on BP in the African and the Asian populations. However, the overall low number of studies and especially the lack of data on resistance training and combined training in African and Asian populations warrant more research to improve the quality of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Bersaoui
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - Se-Sergio M Baldew
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - Nils Cornelis
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jerry Toelsie
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
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Reimers AK, Knapp G, Reimers CD. Effects of Exercise on the Resting Heart Rate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Interventional Studies. J Clin Med 2018; 7:E503. [PMID: 30513777 PMCID: PMC6306777 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7120503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Resting heart rate (RHR) is positively related with mortality. Regular exercise causes a reduction in RHR. The aim of the systematic review was to assess whether regular exercise or sports have an impact on the RHR in healthy subjects by taking different types of sports into account. A systematic literature research was conducted in six databases for the identification of controlled trials dealing with the effects of exercise or sports on the RHR in healthy subjects was performed. The studies were summarized by meta-analyses. The literature search analyzed 191 studies presenting 215 samples fitting the eligibility criteria. 121 trials examined the effects of endurance training, 43 strength training, 15 combined endurance and strength training, 5 additional school sport programs. 21 yoga, 5 tai chi, 3 qigong, and 2 unspecified types of sports. All types of sports decreased the RHR. However, only endurance training and yoga significantly decreased the RHR in both sexes. The exercise-induced decreases of RHR were positively related with the pre-interventional RHR and negatively with the average age of the participants. From this, we can conclude that exercise-especially endurance training and yoga-decreases RHR. This effect may contribute to a reduction in all-cause mortality due to regular exercise or sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kerstin Reimers
- Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Technical University of Chemnitz, Straße der Nationen 62, D-09111 Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Guido Knapp
- Department of Statistics, TU Dortmund University, Vogelpothsweg 87, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany.
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Herrod PJJ, Doleman B, Blackwell JEM, O'Boyle F, Williams JP, Lund JN, Phillips BE. Exercise and other nonpharmacological strategies to reduce blood pressure in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 12:248-267. [PMID: 29496468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of hypertension increases with advancing age and represents a significant burden of disease. Lifestyle modification represents the first-line intervention in treatment algorithms; however, the majority of evidence for this comes from studies involving young participants using interventions that may not always be feasible in the elderly. This manuscript presents a systematic review of all randomized controlled trials involving participants with a mean age of 65 or over investigating nonpharmacological strategies to reduce blood pressure (BP). Fifty-three randomized controlled trials were included. The majority of interventions described aerobic exercise training, dynamic resistance exercise training, or combined aerobic and dynamic resistance exercise training (COM), with limited studies reporting isometric exercise training or alternative lifestyle strategies. Aerobic exercise training, dynamic resistance exercise training, COM, and isometric exercise training all elicited significant reductions in both systolic and diastolic BP, with no additional benefit of COM compared with single modality exercise training. Three months of traditional exercise-based lifestyle intervention may produce a reduction in BP of approximately 5 mmHg systolic and 3 mmHg diastolic in older individuals, similar to that expected in younger individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J J Herrod
- Medical Research Council-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom; Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Brett Doleman
- Medical Research Council-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom; Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - James E M Blackwell
- Medical Research Council-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom; Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom
| | | | - John P Williams
- Medical Research Council-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom; Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan N Lund
- Medical Research Council-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom; Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom.
| | - Bethan E Phillips
- Medical Research Council-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom
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Sosner P, Guiraud T, Gremeaux V, Arvisais D, Herpin D, Bosquet L. The ambulatory hypotensive effect of aerobic training: a reappraisal through a meta-analysis of selected moderators. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2016; 27:327-341. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Sosner
- Laboratory MOVE (EA 6314); Faculty of Sport Sciences; University of Poitiers; Poitiers France
- Cardiology Department; University Hospital of Poitiers; Poitiers France
- Sports Medicine Centre MON STADE; Paris France
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (ÉPIC); Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal; Montreal QC Canada
| | - T. Guiraud
- Inserm UMR1048; Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC); Toulouse France
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center; Clinic of Saint-Orens; Saint-Orens-de-Gameville France
| | - V. Gremeaux
- Rehabilitation Department; University Hospital of Dijon; Dijon France
- Multi-thematic Clinical Investigation Center (CIC-P) Inserm 1432; University Hospital; Dijon France
- Inserm U1093; Dijon France
| | - D. Arvisais
- Direction of Libraries; University of Montreal; Montreal QC Canada
| | - D. Herpin
- Cardiology Department; University Hospital of Poitiers; Poitiers France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy; University of Poitiers; Poitiers France
| | - L. Bosquet
- Laboratory MOVE (EA 6314); Faculty of Sport Sciences; University of Poitiers; Poitiers France
- Faculty of Sport Sciences; University of Poitiers; Poitiers France
- Department of Kinesiology; University of Montreal; Montreal QC Canada
- Montreal Geriatric Institute; Laboratory LESCA; Montreal QC Canada
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12
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Imai Y. Clinical significance of home blood pressure and its possible practical application. Clin Exp Nephrol 2013; 18:24-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s10157-013-0831-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Chomiuk T, Folga A, Mamcarz A. The influence of systematic pulse-limited physical exercise on the parameters of the cardiovascular system in patients over 65 years of age. Arch Med Sci 2013; 9:201-9. [PMID: 23671429 PMCID: PMC3648835 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2013.34559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 10/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The influence of physical exercise on the parameters of the cardiovascular system of elderly persons has not been sufficiently investigated yet. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of regular 6-week physical exercise using the Nordic walking (NW) method in a group of elderly persons on their physical performance and regulation of selected parameters assessing the cardiovascular system. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty patients over 65 years of age participated in the study. The study encompassed: medical interview, physical examination, resting ECG, spiroergometry examination, 6MWT (6-minute walk test) and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). During the exercise programme, the pulse was monitored using pulsometers. After the completion of the training, check-up tests assessing the same parameters were performed. The control group consisted of 18 persons over 65 years of age with similar cardiovascular problems. RESULTS In the test group, duration of the physical effort increased by 1.02 min (p = 0.0001), the maximum load increased by 10.68 W (p = 0.0001), values of VO2max by 2.10 (p = 0.0218), distance improved in 6MWT by 75.04 m (p = 0.00001), systolic blood pressure decreased by 5.50 mm Hg (p = 0.035) and diastolic blood pressure by 3.50 mm Hg (p = 0.054) as compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS Systematic NW physical exercise limited by the pulse had a beneficial effect on the physical performance of elderly persons as assessed with main parameters. A short 6-week programme of endurance exercises had a hypotensive effect in elderly persons over 65 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Chomiuk
- 3 Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
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Imai Y, Kario K, Shimada K, Kawano Y, Hasebe N, Matsuura H, Tsuchihashi T, Ohkubo T, Kuwajima I, Miyakawa M. The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for Self-monitoring of Blood Pressure at Home (Second Edition). Hypertens Res 2012; 35:777-95. [PMID: 22863910 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2012.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Imai
- Department of Planning for Drug Development and Clinical Evaluation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmacological Sciences, Sendai, Japan
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Guedes NG, Lopes MVDO. [Physical exercise in patients with high-blood pressure: a conceptual analysis]. Rev Gaucha Enferm 2011; 31:367-74. [PMID: 21500519 DOI: 10.1590/s1983-14472010000200023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the treatment of arterial hypertension, physical exercises have been appointed as one of the main non-pharmacological measures. This study aims to analyze the concept of physical exercise in patients with hypertension and identify possible critical attributes and preceding and consequent factors. The study followed the conceptual analysis methodology and the integrative revision of scientific articles related to the topic. As to critical attributes, aspects related to time, frequency, duration and intensity of physical exercise were identified. The preceding factors found were: advice/education, motivation, goal development from Transtheoretical Model, self-efficacy and support groups. Regarding the consequent factors, general health benefits were evidenced as physiological, psychosocial, cognitive and behavioral benefits. The conceptual analysis supports quality assistance centered in the patient with hypertension, aiming the control of the disease and the prevention of complications.
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Kemppainen J, Bomar PJ, Kikuchi K, Kanematsu Y, Ambo H, Noguchi K. Health promotion behaviors of residents with hypertension in Iwate, Japan and North Carolina, USA. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2010; 8:20-32. [PMID: 21615695 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7924.2010.00156.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to compare the health promotion practises of rural residents in northern Japan (n = 212) to those in south-eastern North Carolina, USA (n = 105), using the Health Promotion Lifestyle II (HPLP) scale. METHODS A comparative and descriptive design examined the relationships between health-related behaviors and demographic and physiological variables, and compared cross-cultural patterns. RESULTS The Japanese participants scored significantly higher on the total HPLP II score, as well as on the subscales of health responsibility, nutrition, interpersonal support, and stress management. No significant differences were found in the HPLP II subscales for spiritual growth or physical activity between the groups. The subscale scores for both the participants from Japan and the participants from North Carolina were lowest for physical activity. For the participants from North Carolina, the HPLP II subscale scores were highest for spirituality and interpersonal relationships. The predictive factors of variation in the scores of the HPLP II for the participants from North Carolina included being married and not working. No significant demographic predictor was found for the HPLP II scores of the Japanese participants. CONCLUSIONS The study's findings add to an increased understanding of the cultural variations in the health-promoting behaviors of persons with hypertension. Providing health promotion strategies for hypertension remains an urgent issue for nurses and other health-care providers in both Japan and North Carolina, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Kemppainen
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, USA.
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Cardoso CG, Gomides RS, Queiroz ACC, Pinto LG, da Silveira Lobo F, Tinucci T, Mion D, de Moraes Forjaz CL. Acute and chronic effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on ambulatory blood pressure. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2010; 65:317-25. [PMID: 20360924 PMCID: PMC2845774 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322010000300013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 11/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a ubiquitous and serious disease. Regular exercise has been recommended as a strategy for the prevention and treatment of hypertension because of its effects in reducing clinical blood pressure; however, ambulatory blood pressure is a better predictor of target-organ damage than clinical blood pressure, and therefore studying the effects of exercise on ambulatory blood pressure is important as well. Moreover, different kinds of exercise might produce distinct effects that might differ between normotensive and hypertensive subjects.The aim of this study was to review the current literature on the acute and chronic effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on ambulatory blood pressure in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. It has been conclusively shown that a single episode of aerobic exercise reduces ambulatory blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Similarly, regular aerobic training also decreases ambulatory blood pressure in hypertensive individuals. In contrast, data on the effects of resistance exercise is both scarce and controversial. Nevertheless, studies suggest that resistance exercise might acutely decrease ambulatory blood pressure after exercise, and that this effect seems to be greater after low-intensity exercise and in patients receiving anti-hypertensive drugs. On the other hand, only two studies investigating resistance training in hypertensive patients have been conducted, and neither has demonstrated any hypotensive effect. Thus, based on current knowledge, aerobic training should be recommended to decrease ambulatory blood pressure in hypertensive individuals, while resistance exercise could be prescribed as a complementary strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crivaldo Gomes Cardoso
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
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de Jong J, Lemmink KAPM, King AC, Huisman M, Stevens M. Twelve-month effects of the Groningen active living model (GALM) on physical activity, health and fitness outcomes in sedentary and underactive older adults aged 55-65. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2007; 66:167-76. [PMID: 17329061 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2006.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2006] [Revised: 11/21/2006] [Accepted: 11/23/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects on energy expenditure, health and fitness outcomes after 12 months of GALM. METHODS Subjects from matched neighbourhoods were assigned to an intervention (IG) (n=79) or a waiting-list control group (CG) (n=102). During the 12 months the IG attended two series of 15 moderately intensive GALM sessions once a week and the CG attended one series after a 6-month waiting-list period. RESULTS Significant time effects were found for energy expenditure for recreational sports activities (EE(RECSPORT)), other leisure-time physical activity (EE(LTPA)) and total physical activity (EE(TOTAL)). EE(RECSPORT) increased over 12 months for both groups while the significant time x group interaction for EE(LTPA) revealed that the CG continuously increased over 12 months and the IG improved in the first 6 months but decreased from 6 to 12 months. Further significant time effects were found for performance-based fitness but no group effects. CONCLUSION Participation in GALM improved EE(RECSPORT) after 12 months, which was reflected in increases in performance-based fitness. The increase in EE(LTPA) seemed to be a short-term effect (6 months), which may explain the lack of improvement in other health indicators. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS To further increase EE(LTPA), more attention should be paid to behavioural skill-building during the GALM program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan de Jong
- School of Sports Studies, Hanze University Groningen, University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Home Monitoring of Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4160-3053-9.50012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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de Jong J, Lemmink KAPM, Stevens M, de Greef MHG, Rispens P, King AC, Mulder T. Six-month effects of the Groningen active living model (GALM) on physical activity, health and fitness outcomes in sedentary and underactive older adults aged 55-65. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2006; 62:132-41. [PMID: 16098704 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2005.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2005] [Revised: 06/13/2005] [Accepted: 06/27/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects on energy expenditure, health and fitness outcomes in sedentary older adults aged 55-65 after 6-month participation in the GALM program. METHODS In three Dutch communities, subjects from matched neighbourhoods were assigned to an intervention (n = 79) or a waiting-list control group (n = 102). The GALM program consisted of fifteen 60 min sessions once a week emphasising moderate-intensity recreational sports activities. RESULTS The intervention group showed significant increases in energy expenditure for recreational sports activities, other leisure-time physical activity, health indicators, and perceived and performance-based fitness. Contrary to our expectations, the same increases were found for the control group. Consequently, only significant between-group differences, favouring the intervention group, were obtained for sleep, diastolic blood pressure, perceived fitness score and grip strength. CONCLUSION The increases in energy expenditure for physical activity from the GALM program, especially for the more intensive recreational sports activities, look promising and are in line with the expected amounts necessary to improve health. Further research is needed to evaluate long-term effects of participation in the GALM program. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS These results underline that GALM can be considered successful in stimulating leisure-time physical activity and improving health and fitness in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan de Jong
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, PO Box 196, 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Exercise Training for Ameliorating Cardiovascular Risk Factors-focusing on Exercise Intensity and Amount. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.5432/ijshs.4.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension (JSH 2004). Hypertens Res 2006; 29 Suppl:S1-105. [PMID: 17366911 DOI: 10.1291/hypres.29.s1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
Context:Effects of a single bout of exercise at moderate altitude on blood pressure (BP) are largely unknown.Objective:To evaluate the effect of a single exercise bout at moderate altitude on BP.Design:Prospective, observational.Setting:Field study, Alpine mountains.Participants:127 men, 71 women (138 normotensive, 60 hypertensive).Intervention:Exercise duration: 2.5 ± 0.4 h; 650-m difference in altitude.Main Outcome Measures:BP and heart rate (HR).Results:Hypertensives had (1) higher systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) before exercise (P< .01), whereas this difference was lost during exercise; (2) increased HR during the entire duration of exercise; and (3) significantly decreased SBP and DBP (P< .05) throughout the entire period of exercise.Conclusions:Exposure to a single exercise bout at moderate altitude is associated with a transient decrease in SBP and DBP, which is more pronounced in hypertensives.
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Mahabir S, Leitzmann MF, Pietinen P, Albanes D, Virtamo J, Taylor PR. Physical activity and renal cell cancer risk in a cohort of male smokers. Int J Cancer 2003; 108:600-5. [PMID: 14696127 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.11580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have examined exercise in relation to risk of renal cell cancer. We examined the association between leisure-time and occupational physical activity and renal cell cancer in a cohort of 29,133 male smokers 50-69 years of age in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene (ATBC) Cancer Prevention Study. Physical activity was assessed at baseline using a self-administered questionnaire that inquired about usual level of physical activity during leisure-time and at work during the past year. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to adjust simultaneously for known or suspected risk factors for renal cell cancer. During 12 years (354,407 person-years) of follow-up, 210 incident cases of renal cell cancer were identified. In age-adjusted analysis, the RRs of renal cell cancer in increasing categories of leisure-time physical activity (light, moderate and heavy) were 1.0, 0.89 (95% CI = 0.67-1.17) and 0.38 (95% CI = 0.15-0.94), respectively (p-value for trend = 0.06). After adjustment for body mass index, energy intake, smoking, hypertension, education and fruit and vegetable intake, the multivariate RRs of renal cell cancer in increasing categories of leisure-time physical activity (light, moderate and heavy), were 1.0, 0.89 (95% CI = 0.66-1.19), and 0.46 (95% CI = 0.18-1.13) (p-value for trend = 0.12). Occupational physical activity was unrelated to renal cell cancer risk. These data suggest that recreational physical activity may play a role in the prevention of renal cell cancer in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somdat Mahabir
- Cancer Prevention Studies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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