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Haenschel C, Krupic D, Hoff A, Corr PJ, Gaigg S, Fett AK. Comparing two measures of schizotypy and their relationship with psychological distress in British university students. Early Interv Psychiatry 2023; 17:1095-1106. [PMID: 36669849 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Schizotypy reflects the vulnerability to schizophrenia in the general population. Different questionnaires have been developed to measure aspects of schizotypy. Higher schizotypy scores have also been linked with depression, anxiety, and stress sensitivity. Here we examine the associations of schizotypy with symptoms of depression and anxiety in a sample of university students, using two different measures (N = 271). METHODS A series of confirmatory factor analyses was used to examine two distinct and frequently employed measures of schizotypy: the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE), and the Schizotypy Personality Questionnaire (SPQ). We assessed their relationship with each other and their predictive validity for anxiety, depression, and stress sensitivity. RESULTS Our results indicated the brief 7-factor SPQ (SPQ-BR) factor solution for the SPQ and the 15-item and 3 factor solution for the CAPE (i.e., CAPE-P15) as best fitting models. Particularly the CAPE dimension of persecutory ideation was a strong predictor of anxiety, depression, and stress sensitivity, whereas the SPQ dimensions of no close friends and social anxiety predicted psychological distress and stress in our student sample. CONCLUSIONS Our findings extend earlier work in general and patient samples and point to the importance of understanding the contribution of particularly positive schizotypy symptoms and different interpersonal aspects to psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dino Krupic
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University in Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Antonia Hoff
- Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London, UK
| | - Philip J Corr
- Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London, UK
| | - Sebastian Gaigg
- Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London, UK
| | - Anne-Kathrin Fett
- Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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2
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Yoon J, Park B, Hong KW, Jung DH. The effects of Korean Red Ginseng on stress-related neurotransmitters and gene expression: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Ginseng Res 2023; 47:766-772. [PMID: 38107397 PMCID: PMC10721478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is an effective anti-stress treatment. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential effects of KRG on relieving stress in a general population using transcriptome analysis. Methods We conducted an 8-week clinical pilot study on 90 healthy men who reported stress. The study was completed by 43 participants in the KRG group and 44 participants in the placebo group. Participants were randomized 1:1 to the KRG and placebo groups. We evaluated the stress by stress response inventory (SRI) at baseline and 8 weeks. The main outcomes were changes in the levels of neurotransmitters (NTs) and NT-related gene expression. NTs were analyzed using automated (GC) content, and levels of gene expression were measured by reads per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads (RPKM). Results The KRG group showed significantly preserved epinephrine decrease compared with placebo group at 8 weeks (changes in epinephrine, KRG vs. placebo; -1623.2 ± 46101.5 vs. -35116.3 ± 86288.2, p = 0012). Among subjects who higher SRI score, meaning stress increased compared to baseline, the KRG group showed a smaller decrease in serotonin than the placebo group (changes in serotonin, KRG vs. placebo; -2627.5 ± 5859.1 vs, -8087.4 ± 7162.4, p = 0.005) and a smaller increase in cortisol than the placebo group (changes in cortisol, KRG vs. placebo; 1912.7 ± 10097.75 vs. 8046.2 ± 8050.6 , p = 0.019) in subgroup analysis. Transcriptome findings indicated that KRG intake affects gene expression related with metabolism of choline, adrenalin, and monoamine. Conclusion These findings suggest that KRG has beneficial effects on the amelioration of stress response in NTs, and this effect is more prominent in stressful situations. Further clinical studies are required to confirm the anti-stress effect of KRG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Yoon
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoungjin Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Won Hong
- R&D Division, Theragen Health Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyuk Jung
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim H, Song J, Kim S, Lee S, Park Y, Lee S, Lee S, Kim J. Recent Advances in Multiplexed Wearable Sensor Platforms for Real-Time Monitoring Lifetime Stress: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13040470. [PMID: 37185545 PMCID: PMC10136450 DOI: 10.3390/bios13040470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Researchers are interested in measuring mental stress because it is linked to a variety of diseases. Real-time stress monitoring via wearable sensor systems can aid in the prevention of stress-related diseases by allowing stressors to be controlled immediately. Physical tests, such as heart rate or skin conductance, have recently been used to assess stress; however, these methods are easily influenced by daily life activities. As a result, for more accurate stress monitoring, validations requiring two or more stress-related biomarkers are demanded. In this review, the combinations of various types of sensors (hereafter referred to as multiplexed sensor systems) that can be applied to monitor stress are discussed, referring to physical and chemical biomarkers. Multiplexed sensor systems are classified as multiplexed physical sensors, multiplexed physical-chemical sensors, and multiplexed chemical sensors, with the effect of measuring multiple biomarkers and the ability to measure stress being the most important. The working principles of multiplexed sensor systems are subdivided, with advantages in measuring multiple biomarkers. Furthermore, stress-related chemical biomarkers are still limited to cortisol; however, we believe that by developing multiplexed sensor systems, it will be possible to explore new stress-related chemical biomarkers by confirming their correlations to cortisol. As a result, the potential for further development of multiplexed sensor systems, such as the development of wearable electronics for mental health management, is highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoon Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehyeon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyoung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghee Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsik Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
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Hsiao CC, Lin CC, Cheng CG, Chang YH, Lin HC, Wu HC, Cheng CA. Self-Reported Beneficial Effects of Chinese Calligraphy Handwriting Training for Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment: An Exploratory Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1031. [PMID: 36673790 PMCID: PMC9859373 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia is a common disease in aging populations. The treatment has mainly focused on memory decline prevention and behavior control. Nonpharmacological treatments, such as cognition training, physical exercise, and music therapy have been effective in slowing memory decline. Chinese calligraphy handwriting (CCH) through breath regulation and fine hand control involves high concentration levels, emotion regulation, and self-awareness. CCH is a mind and body activity that is culturally relevant to older Chinese adults. This study evaluated the beneficial effects of CCH on mild cognitive impairment. METHODS In 2018, we conducted 8 weeks of CCH training at the Tri-Service General Hospital. The participants were asked to copy a regular script. At the end of the course, they gave oral presentations and showed their work. Self-report questionnaires on emotion, memory, upper limb coordination, attention, and language were collected before and after training. RESULTS The five questionnaires showed significantly positive feelings after CCH training. The conditions of emotional stability, concentration, hand movement, memory, and speech improved. CONCLUSIONS CCH training stimulated the brain and improved cognition, psychological symptoms, and hand stability. It is inexpensive and worthwhile for elderly Chinese individuals with mild cognitive impairment to take time daily to practice calligraphy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chun Hsiao
- Department of Nursing, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 32549, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Lin
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Gu Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taoyuan 32549, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Han Chang
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10621, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chen Lin
- School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Chen Wu
- Graduate Institute of Vocational and Technological Education, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Chun-An Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
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Miyatsu T, Smith BM, Koutnik AP, Pirolli P, Broderick TJ. Resting-state heart rate variability after stressful events as a measure of stress tolerance among elite performers. Front Physiol 2023; 13:1070285. [PMID: 36685178 PMCID: PMC9848589 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1070285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: A common trait of elite performers is their ability to perform well when stressed by strong emotions such as fear. Developing objective measures of stress response that reliably predict performance under stress could have far-reaching implications in selection and training of elite individuals and teams. Prior data suggests that (i) Heart rate and heart rate variability (HR/HRV) are associated with stress reaction, (ii) Higher basal sympathetic tone prior to stressful events is associated with higher performance, and (iii) Elite performers tend to exhibit greater increase in parasympathetic tone after a stressful event. Methods: The current study assesses the predictive utility of post-stressful event HR/HRV measures, an under-studied time point in HR/HRV research, in the context of military personnel selection. Specifically, we examined the relationship between a comprehensive set of HR/HRV measures and established questionnaires related to stress tolerance, experimental evaluation of executive function during stress induction, and ecologically valid selection assessment data from a week-long Special Operations Forces selection course (N = 30). Results: We found that post-stressful event HR/HRV measures generally had strong correlations with the neuroticism facet of the NEO personality inventory as well as the general and distress facets of the defensive reactivity questionnaire. HR/HRV measures correlated reliably with a change in executive function measured as a decrease in verbal fluency with exposure to a well-validated stressor. Finally, we observed a divergent pattern of correlation among elite and non-elite SOF candidates. Specifically, among elite candidates, parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) measures correlated positively and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) measures correlated negatively with evaluation of stress tolerance by experts and peers. This pattern was not present in non-elite candidates. Discussion: Our findings demonstrate that post-stressful event HR/HRV data provide an objective non-invasive method to measure the recovery and arousal state in direct reaction to the stressful event and can be used as metrics of stress tolerance that could enhance selection of elite individuals and teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiya Miyatsu
- Healthspan Resilience & Performance, Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL, United States,*Correspondence: Toshiya Miyatsu,
| | - Briana M. Smith
- Healthspan Resilience & Performance, Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL, United States,Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Andrew P. Koutnik
- Healthspan Resilience & Performance, Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL, United States
| | - Peter Pirolli
- Healthspan Resilience & Performance, Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL, United States
| | - Timothy J. Broderick
- Healthspan Resilience & Performance, Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL, United States
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Rejer I, Wacewicz D, Schab M, Romanowski B, Łukasiewicz K, Maciaszczyk M. Stressors Length and the Habituation Effect-An EEG Study. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:6862. [PMID: 36146211 PMCID: PMC9505843 DOI: 10.3390/s22186862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The research described in this paper aimed to determine whether people respond differently to short and long stimuli and whether stress stimuli repeated over time evoke a habituation effect. To meet this goal, we performed a cognitive experiment with eight subjects. During this experiment, the subjects were presented with two trays of stress-inducing stimuli (different in length) interlaced with the main tasks. The mean beta power calculated from the EEG signal recorded from the two prefrontal electrodes (Fp1 and Fp2) was used as a stress index. The main results are as follows: (i) we confirmed the previous finding that beta power assessed from the EEG signal recorded from prefrontal electrodes is significantly higher for the STRESS condition compared to NON-STRESS condition; (ii) we found a significant difference in beta power between STRESS conditions that differed in length-the beta power was four times higher for short, compared to long, stress-inducing stimuli; (iii) we did not find enough evidence to confirm (or reject) the hypothesis that stress stimuli repeated over time evoke the habituation effect; although the general trends aggregated over subjects and stressors were negative, their slopes were not statistically significant; moreover, there was no agreement among subjects with respect to the slope of individual trends.
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A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study on Anti-Stress Effects of Nelumbinis Semen. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137963. [PMID: 35805620 PMCID: PMC9266261 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Depression is a serious and common mental disease that causes low mood and loss of interest in activities. Nelumbinis semen (NS) has been widely used as a treatment for depression for hundreds of years in many Asian countries. Water extract of nelumbinis semen (WNS) is a standardized herbal medicine made from NS. Methods: The objective of the present research was to perform a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to estimate the efficacy of WNS for improving depressive and stress symptoms using Beck depression inventory (BDI) and the stress response inventory (SRI) in 45 adults diagnosed with major depression or other forms of depressive disorders. They were randomized to either a placebo-treated group, a 2.4 g per day WNS-treated group, or a 4.8 g per day WNS-treated group. BDI and SRI were determined in order to evaluate changes in depression before and after two weeks of WNS treatment. Results: The average BDI and SRI of the 2.4 g WNS-treated group were significantly (p < 0.05) improved compared to those of the placebo-treated group. Their BDI subscale A (negative attitudes towards self) and subscale C (somatic disturbances), SRI E, and depression subscale of SRI were substantially shorter (p < 0.05). In addition, an analysis of collected EEG data of participants showed a significant increase in alpha/beta activity in the 4.8 g WNS-treated group, which might be explained as an advancement of their depression symptoms (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These results suggest that WNS treatment can decrease depression. Our study provides preliminary evidence for the safety of WNS and its potential to decrease depression.
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Al-Saggaf UM, Naqvi SF, Moinuddin M, Alfakeh SA, Ali SSA. Performance Evaluation of EEG Based Mental Stress Assessment Approaches for Wearable Devices. Front Neurorobot 2022; 15:819448. [PMID: 35185508 PMCID: PMC8854860 DOI: 10.3389/fnbot.2021.819448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental stress has been identified as the root cause of various physical and psychological disorders. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct timely diagnosis and assessment considering the severe effects of mental stress. In contrast to other health-related wearable devices, wearable or portable devices for stress assessment have not been developed yet. A major requirement for the development of such a device is a time-efficient algorithm. This study investigates the performance of computer-aided approaches for mental stress assessment. Machine learning (ML) approaches are compared in terms of the time required for feature extraction and classification. After conducting tests on data for real-time experiments, it was observed that conventional ML approaches are time-consuming due to the computations required for feature extraction, whereas a deep learning (DL) approach results in a time-efficient classification due to automated unsupervised feature extraction. This study emphasizes that DL approaches can be used in wearable devices for real-time mental stress assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubaid M. Al-Saggaf
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Intelligent Engineering Systems (CEIES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Faraz Naqvi
- Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Center for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Moinuddin
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Intelligent Engineering Systems (CEIES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulhi Ali Alfakeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Saad Azhar Ali
- Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Center for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Syed Saad Azhar Ali
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Park MJ, Jang EH, Kim AY, Kim H, Kim HS, Byun S, Yu HY, Jeon HJ. Comparison of Peripheral Biomarkers and Reduction of Stress Response in Patients With Major Depressive Disorders vs. Panic Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:842963. [PMID: 35432030 PMCID: PMC9008245 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.842963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alteration in stress response seems to affect the development of psychiatric disorders. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether baseline peripheral biomarkers could predict the reduction of stress response among patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and panic disorder (PD). Patients with MDD (n = 41) and PD (n = 52) and healthy controls (HC, n = 59) were selected and regularly followed up with five visits for 12 weeks. The severity of stress at every visit was assessed using the Stress Response Inventory (SRI), and peripheral biomarkers were measured by blood tests at baseline and 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin, and leptin levels were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Reduction of stress response was defined as the difference in SRI score between baseline and 12 weeks divided by the baseline score. SRI scores were significantly (p < 0.0001) higher in patients with MDD and PD than in HC at every visit after adjusting for variables. In multivariable linear regression, adiponectin levels at baseline were significantly associated with reduction of stress response in patients with PD. When adiponectin increased 1 mg/l, stress response decreased 0.781 points (β = -0.781, S.E. = 0.220, p = 0.001). Among the subscales of SRI, somatization had a moderate negative correlation with adiponectin levels (r = -0.469). There was no significant association between baseline peripheral biomarkers and reduction of stress response in patients with MDD. Our study showed an inverse association between baseline adiponectin levels and stress response changes in patients with PD, but not in patients with MDD. Thus, differentiated approaches for assessing and treating stress responses of patients with PD and MDD might be helpful. Larger and longitudinal studies are necessary to establish the role and mechanism of action of adiponectin in regulating stress responses in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Jin Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Hye Jang
- Bio-Medical Information Technology Convergence Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ah Young Kim
- Bio-Medical Information Technology Convergence Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyewon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sangwon Byun
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Han Young Yu
- Bio-Medical Information Technology Convergence Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hong Jin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Korean Psychological Autopsy Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Department of Medical Device Management and Research, and Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
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Okhovat F, Abdeyazdan Z, Namnabati M. Follow-up Plan as a Necessity for Nursing Care: A Decrease of Stress in Mothers with their Children in Pediatric Surgical Units. J Caring Sci 2021; 10:191-195. [PMID: 34849364 PMCID: PMC8609124 DOI: 10.34172/jcs.2021.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Children are vulnerable to damage. Health problems in children, especially if necessitate hospitalization, can cause stress in their parents that may persist even long after discharge. This study aimed to investigate the effect of implementing follow-up care plans on stress in mothers of children discharged from pediatric surgical units.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 64 mothers whose children were hospitalized in the surgical wards of two educational hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups of control and experimental. The data collection tools included a demographic data questionnaire and stress response inventory (SRI). The interventions were performed using a four-stage follow-up care plan. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 13 and descriptive statistics, independent t-test, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), and least significant difference (LSD) test.
Results: The mean (SD) stress scores of the experimental group were 64.1 (28.8), 20.4 (12.4), and 11.6 (7.5) before, one week, and one month after the intervention, respectively. In the control group, these scores were 61.2 (29.2), 59.9 (25.5), and 46.7 (19.1), respectively. The results showed the mean score was significantly lower than that of the control group at one week and one month after the intervention in the experimental group.
Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that a follow-up care plan can decrease the stress levels of mothers as a continuity of patient care even after discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forogh Okhovat
- Department of Nursing, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sharekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Abdeyazdan
- Department of Infant and Pediatric. Nursing and Midwifery Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Namnabati
- Department of Infant and Pediatric. Nursing and Midwifery Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Associations of clinical, psychological, and socioeconomic characteristics with nicotine dependence in smokers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18544. [PMID: 34535702 PMCID: PMC8448893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97387-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a risk factor of mortality and morbidity from various cancerous, respiratory, and myocardial diseases. Nicotine dependence is assessed based on the degree of physical dependence. We aimed to determine the clinical, socioeconomic and psychological factors associated with the smoking status and degree of nicotine dependence of smokers. From April 2009 to September 2010, we retrospectively collected data from 17,577 subjects aged ≥ 18 years who had undergone a general health examination at a health promotion center. The instruments used included the Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire (FTQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Stress Response Inventory (SRI), and Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Of the current smokers (N = 3946), 2345 (59%), 1154 (29%), and 447 (12%) had low, moderate, and high nicotine dependence, respectively. In multiple logistic analysis, predictors of high nicotine dependence were male sex (odds ratio [OR] 3.705, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.997–6.945), older age (≥ 65 years) (OR 1.016, 95% CI 1.004–1.029), higher body mass index (BMI) (OR 1.048, 95% CI 1.018–1.078), diabetes (OR 1.870, 95% CI 1.251–2.794), single marital status (OR 1.575, 95% CI 1.186–2.092), lower education level (OR 1.887, 95% CI 1.463–2.433), and a higher stress level (OR 1.018, 95% CI 1.997–6.945). Thus, clinical, psychological, socioeconomic status including male, older age, higher BMI, diabetes, single marital status, lower education, and higher stress should be taken into consideration by promoting smoking cessation.
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Vitamin C supplementation promotes mental vitality in healthy young adults: results from a cross-sectional analysis and a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2021; 61:447-459. [PMID: 34476568 PMCID: PMC8783887 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02656-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose We aimed to investigate the link of vitamin C status with vitality and psychological functions in a cross-sectional study, and examine their causal relationship through a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Methods We first conducted a population-based cross-sectional investigation of healthy young adults (n = 214, 20–39 years), and analyzed the associations of serum vitamin C concentrations with vitality (fatigue and attention) and mood status (stress, depression, and positive and negative affect) using Pearson’s correlation and multiple linear regression analyses. Next, we performed a double-blind RCT in healthy subjects whose serum vitamin C concentrations were inadequate (< 50 μmol/L). Subjects were randomly allocated to receive 500 mg of vitamin C twice a day for 4 weeks (n = 24) or a placebo (n = 22). We assessed vitality, which included fatigue, attention, work engagement, and self-control resources, and measured mood status, including stress, depression, positive and negative affect, and anxiety. ELISA determined serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and a Stroop color–word test evaluated attention capacity and processing speed. Results In the cross-sectional data, the serum vitamin C concentration was positively associated with the level of attention (r = 0.16, p = 0.02; standardized β = 0.21, p = 0.003), while no significant associations with the levels of fatigue and mood variables being found. In the RCT, compared to the placebo, the vitamin C supplementation significantly increased attention (p = 0.03) and work absorption (p = 0.03) with distinct tendency of improvement on fatigue (p = 0.06) and comprehensive work engagement (p = 0.07). The vitamin C supplementation did not affect mood and serum concentrations of BDNF. However, in the Stroop color–word test, the subjects supplemented with vitamin C showed better performance than those in the placebo group (p = 0.04). Conclusion Inadequate vitamin C status is related to a low level of mental vitality. Vitamin C supplementation effectively increased work motivation and attentional focus and contributed to better performance on cognitive tasks requiring sustained attention. Trial registration number and date of registration Cross-sectional study: KCT0005074 (cris.nih.go.kr)/1 June, 2020 (retrospectively registered). Intervention study: KCT0004276 (cris.nih.go.kr)/4 September, 2019. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00394-021-02656-3.
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Hemati Alamdarloo G, Majidi F. Stress in mothers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. ADVANCES IN AUTISM 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/aia-12-2020-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
Most parents experience stress when their children are diagnosed with some kind of disability. This paper aims to compare the level of stress among mothers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Design/methodology/approach
Research sample consisted of 150 mothers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (50 mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder, 50 mothers of children with intellectual disability and 50 mothers of children with specific learning disorder selected by convenience sampling). The Stress Response Inventory was used for measuring stress. One-way analysis of variance, multivariate analysis of variance and Scheffe post hoc tests were used for data analysis.
Findings
The results showed that the stress of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder was significantly higher than to the other groups of mothers. It was also observed that the stress of mothers of children with intellectual disability was significantly higher than the mothers of children with the specific learning disorder.
Originality/value
Therefore, designing and implementing preventive and interventional programs to decrease the stress of mothers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders, especially mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder is necessary.
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Lu G, Liu Z, Wang X, Wang C. Recent Advances in Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer as a Herb for Anti-Fatigue: An Effects and Mechanisms Review. Foods 2021; 10:foods10051030. [PMID: 34068545 PMCID: PMC8151278 DOI: 10.3390/foods10051030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As an ancient Chinese herbal medicine, Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (P. ginseng) has been used both as food and medicine for nutrient supplements and treatment of human diseases in China for years. Fatigue, as a complex and multi-cause symptom, harms life from all sides. Millions worldwide suffer from fatigue, mainly caused by physical labor, mental stress, and chronic diseases. Multiple medicines, especially P. ginseng, were used for many patients or sub-healthy people who suffer from fatigue as a treatment or healthcare product. This review covers the extract and major components of P. ginseng with the function of anti-fatigue and summarizes the anti-fatigue effect of P. ginseng for different types of fatigue in animal models and clinical studies. In addition, the anti-fatigue mechanism of P. ginseng associated with enhancing energy metabolism, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xu Wang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-022-60912421
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Jung YH, Kim H, Lee D, Lee JY, Moon JY, Choi SH, Kang DH. Dysfunctional energy metabolisms in fibromyalgia compared with healthy subjects. Mol Pain 2021; 17:17448069211012833. [PMID: 33940974 PMCID: PMC8113919 DOI: 10.1177/17448069211012833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the levels of creatine (Cr) metabolites in the
anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), thalamus, and insula of patients with
fibromyalgia (FM) using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The levels
of Cr and phosphocreatine (PCr) relative to total Cr (tCr), which includes Cr
and PCr, in the ACC, thalamus, and insula were determined using MRS in 12
patients with FM and in 13 healthy controls. The FM group had lower levels of
PCr/tCr in the ACC and right insula compared to healthy controls. There was a
negative correlation between Cr/tCr in the ACC and total pain levels (McGill
Pain Questionnaire-Total; r = −0.579, p = 0.049) and between Cr/tCr in the left
insula and affective pain levels (McGill Pain Questionnaire-Affective;
r = −0.638, p = 0.047) in patients with FM. In addition, there were negative
correlations between stress levels (Stress Response Inventory) and Cr/tCr in the
right (r = −0.780, p = 0.005) and left thalamus (r = −0.740, p = 0.006), as well
as in the right insula (r = −0.631, p = 0.028) in patients with FM. There were
negative correlations between symptom levels of post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD; PTSD checklist) and Cr/tCr in the right (r = −0.783, p = 0.004) and left
thalamus (r = −0.642, p = 0.024) of patients with FM. These findings are
paramount to understanding the decisive pathologies related to brain energy
metabolism in patients with FM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Ha Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjin Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dasom Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yeon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Youn Moon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hee Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, SNU-MRC, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kang
- Seoul Chung Psychiatry Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee M, Youm C, Noh B, Park H. Low composite functional movement screen score associated with decline of gait stability in young adults. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11356. [PMID: 33987024 PMCID: PMC8092110 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The functional movement screen (FMS)TM is a screening tool used to evaluate fundamental motor function. A score of 14 for the composite total FMS score (TFMS) is generally used as the cut-off point (≤14/21). In addition, gait analysis is used to evaluate fundamental motor function in humans. Thus, evaluating the fundamental motor function using the FMSTM test and gait analysis at various speeds can provide further understanding of any decline in gait stability. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between gait ability and fundamental movement patterns in young adults according to the cut-off point. Methods A total of 439 participants (male: 203, female: 236) successfully completed the FMS test and a 1 min treadmill test; the participants were classified into two groups: low TFMS (≤14) and high TFMS (>14). Results The low TFMS group exhibited slower and shortened walking patterns and worsen gait variability than the high TFMS group. The coefficient of variance (CV) for the double support phase at a faster speed (male) and the stride length at a slower speed (female) were classifiers between the two groups. In addition, the low TFMS group demonstrated insufficient gait adaptation at the preferred and faster speeds based on the CV of the double support phase and gait asymmetry. Lower TFMS is associated with a decline in gait ability. Therefore, participants with a lower TFMS and poor gait ability may require intervention programs to prevent risk of future injury and to enhance motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeounggon Lee
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Changhong Youm
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea.,Health Care & Science, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Byungjoo Noh
- Department of Kinesiology, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, South Korea
| | - Hwayoung Park
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea.,Health Care & Science, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
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A Review of Biophysiological and Biochemical Indicators of Stress for Connected and Preventive Healthcare. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11030556. [PMID: 33808914 PMCID: PMC8003811 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11030556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is a known contributor to several life-threatening medical conditions and a risk factor for triggering acute cardiovascular events, as well as a root cause of several social problems. The burden of stress is increasing globally and, with that, is the interest in developing effective stress-monitoring solutions for preventive and connected health, particularly with the help of wearable sensing technologies. The recent development of miniaturized and flexible biosensors has enabled the development of connected wearable solutions to monitor stress and intervene in time to prevent the progression of stress-induced medical conditions. This paper presents a review of the literature on different physiological and chemical indicators of stress, which are commonly used for quantitative assessment of stress, and the associated sensing technologies.
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Jung YH, Kim H, Lee D, Lee JY, Lee WJ, Moon JY, Choi SH, Kang DH. Abnormal neurometabolites in fibromyalgia patients: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Mol Pain 2021; 17:1744806921990946. [PMID: 33573464 PMCID: PMC7887674 DOI: 10.1177/1744806921990946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate distinct neurometabolites in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), right and left thalamus, and insula of patients with fibromyalgia (FM) compared with healthy controls using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Levels of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG), total NAA (tNAA = NAA + NAAG), myo-inositol (ml), glutamine (Gln), glutamate (Glu), Glx (Glu + Gln), glycerophosphocholine (GPC), total choline (tCho = GPC + phosphocholine) and glutathione (GSH) levels relative to total creatine (tCr) levels including creatine (Cr) and phosphocreatine (PCr) and relative to Cr levels were determined in the ACC, right and left thalamus, and insula in 12 patients with FM and 13 healthy controls using MRS. In the ACC, NAA/tCr (P = 0.028) and tCho/tCr (P = 0.047) were higher in patients with FM. In the right and left insula, tNAA/tCr (P = 0.019, P = 0.007, respectively) was lower in patients with FM. Patients with FM showed lower levels of ml/Cr (P = 0.037) in the right insula than healthy controls. These findings are paramount to understand decisive pathophysiological mechanisms related to abnormal features in the brain and parasympathetic nervous systems in FM. We suggest that the results presented herein may be essential to understand hidden pathological mechanisms and also life system potential as protective and recovering metabolic strategies in patients with FM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Ha Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeonjin Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dasom Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Yeon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Joon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee Youn Moon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Hee Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, SNU-MRC, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kang
- Emotional Information and Communication Technology Association, Seoul, Korea
- Do-Hyung Kang, Emotional Information and Communication Technology Association, 508, Samseong-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea.
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Abnormal neuroinflammation in fibromyalgia and CRPS using [11C]-(R)-PK11195 PET. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246152. [PMID: 33556139 PMCID: PMC7870009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Fibromyalgia (FM) and complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) share many pathological mechanisms related to chronic pain and neuroinflammation, which may contribute to the multifactorial pathological mechanisms in both FM and CRPS. The aim of this study was to assess neuroinflammation in FM patients compared with that in patients with CRPS and healthy controls. Methods Neuroinflammation was measured as the distribution volume ratio (DVR) of [11C]-(R)-PK11195 positron emission tomography (PET) in 12 FM patients, 11 patients with CRPS and 15 healthy controls. Results Neuroinflammation in FM patients was significantly higher in the left pre (primary motor cortex) and post (primary somatosensory cortex) central gyri (p < 0.001), right postcentral gyrus (p < 0.005), left superior parietal and superior frontal gyri (p < 0.005), left precuneus (p < 0.01), and left medial frontal gyrus (p = 0.036) compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, the DVR of [11C]-(R)-PK11195 in FM patients demonstrated decreased neuroinflammation in the medulla (p < 0.005), left superior temporal gyrus (p < 0.005), and left amygdala (p = 0.020) compared with healthy controls. Conclusions To the authors’ knowledge, this report is the first to describe abnormal neuroinflammation levels in the brains of FM patients compared with that in patients with CRPS using [11C]-(R)-PK11195 PET. The results suggested that abnormal neuroinflammation can be an important pathological factor in FM. In addition, the identification of common and different critical regions related to abnormal neuroinflammation in FM, compared with patients with CRPS and healthy controls, may contribute to improved diagnosis and the development of effective medical treatment for patients with FM.
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Choi GS, Nam YH, Park CS, Kim MY, Jo EJ, Park HK, Kim HK. Anxiety, depression, and stress in Korean patients with chronic urticaria. Korean J Intern Med 2020; 35:1507-1516. [PMID: 32450676 PMCID: PMC7652653 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2019.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Emotional distress is thought to cause or maintain chronic urticaria (CU). We aimed to investigate the presence of anxiety, depression, and stress in Korean adult CU patients and to explore their potential impact on treatment. METHODS We enrolled 79 CU patients and a disease control group comprising 39 persistent asthma patients. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to evaluate depression and anxiety. Stress and quality of life (QoL) were assessed by Stress Response Inventory and CU-QoL questionnaires. The sociodemographic and clinical data such as urticaria activity score (UAS-15, UAS-6) were obtained. RESULTS The prevalence of depression and anxiety based on the HADS were 48.1% and 38.0%. Although the prevalence of anxiety didn't differ between the CU and asthma patients, depression was significantly more prevalent in the CU patients (48.1% vs. 28.2%). Stress tended to be lower in CU patients. Anxiety, depression, and stress exhibited negative correlations with QoL. Anxiety showed significant correlation with UAS-6 and pruritus-visual analog scale (VAS; r = 0.256, r = 0.272, p < 0.05, respectively); depression correlated with sleep difficulty-VAS (r = 0.261, p < 0.05). Stress was associated with UAS-15, UAS-6, pruritus-VAS, and sleep difficulty-VAS (r = 0.251, r = 0.317, r = 0.302, r = 0.258, p < 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION The current study first presented that Korean CU patients frequently have anxiety and depression, which affect their QoL and demonstrated that anxiety, depression, and stress had different effects on sleep difficulty, pruritus, and urticaria severity in Korean CU patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil-Soon Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Young-Hee Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Chan-Sun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Mi-Yeong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hee-Kyoo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
- Correspondence to Hee-Kyoo Kim, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, 262 Gamcheon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49267, Korea Tel: +82-51-990-6152 Fax: +82-51-990-3145 E-mail:
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Real-Time Stress Assessment Using Sliding Window Based Convolutional Neural Network. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20164400. [PMID: 32784531 PMCID: PMC7472011 DOI: 10.3390/s20164400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mental stress has been identified as a significant cause of several bodily disorders, such as depression, hypertension, neural and cardiovascular abnormalities. Conventional stress assessment methods are highly subjective and tedious and tend to lack accuracy. Machine-learning (ML)-based computer-aided diagnosis systems can be used to assess the mental state with reasonable accuracy, but they require offline processing and feature extraction, rendering them unsuitable for real-time applications. This paper presents a real-time mental stress assessment approach based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The CNN-based approach afforded real-time mental stress assessment with an accuracy as high as 96%, the sensitivity of 95%, and specificity of 97%. The proposed approach is compared with state-of-the-art ML techniques in terms of accuracy, time utilisation, and quality of features.
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Association between Gait Variability and Gait-Ability Decline in Elderly Women with Subthreshold Insomnia Stage. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17145181. [PMID: 32709118 PMCID: PMC7400183 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the gait characteristics of elderly women, aged more than 65 years, with subthreshold insomnia stage at various walking speeds. A total of 392 participants (insomnia: 202 and controls: 190) wearing shoe-type inertial measurement units completed walking tests on a treadmill for a duration of 1 min at slower, preferred, and faster speeds. The insomnia group indicated lower pace parameters (range of Cohen's d: 0.283-0.499) and the single support phase (Cohen's d: 0.237), greater gait variability (range of Cohen's d: 0.217-0.506), and bilateral coordination (range of Cohen's d: 0.254-0.319), compared with their age-matched controls; the coefficient of variance (CV) of the stance phase at the faster speed condition was a crucial variable for distinguishing between insomnia and control groups. In addition, the insomnia group demonstrated insufficient gait adaptation at the slower and preferred speeds, as indicated by the CVs of the stride length, stride time, and step time. In particular, participants with worsened insomnia symptoms or sleep problems showed that these worse gait patterns may increase the potential risk of falling in elderly women. Thus, elderly women with subthreshold insomnia stage need to improve their sleep quality to enhance their physical functions.
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Effect of herbal medicine ( Huanglian-jie-du granule) for somatic symptoms and insomnia in patients with Hwa-byung: A randomized controlled trial. Integr Med Res 2020; 10:100453. [PMID: 33145164 PMCID: PMC7591736 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2020.100453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Huanglian-jie-du (HJD) granule, which is composed of representative “heat-clearing” herbs has been used for Hwa-byung. Hwa-byung is a culture-bound syndrome in Korea, characterized by distinct somatic symptoms such as chest congestion and heat sensation resulting from suppressed anger. We investigated the effect of HJD in patients with Hwa-byung. Methods Forty-four patients with Hwa-byung were recruited, and HJD or placebo granules were administered orally three times daily for seven days. The two primary outcomes were somatic symptoms, which were measured by Patient Health Questionnaire of physical symptoms (PHQ-15), and insomnia, which was measured by Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) at post-treatment. Results Between July 10 and October 31, 2017, 44 patients with Hwa-byung (mean age 36.68 years; and 38 female) were randomly assigned to HJD (n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) group. After administration of HJD or placebo granule for seven days, ISI score was lower in the HJD group compared to placebo group at post-treatment (adjusted mean difference -2.56 [95% CI -4.72 to -0.39], p = 0.0208). Meanwhile, there was no difference in PHQ-15 score between HJD group and placebo group at post-treatment (adjusted mean difference -0.50 [95% CI: -3.02–4.02], p = 0.7812). Conclusions Our results suggest that the administration of HJD granule has a potential to improve insomnia in Hwa-byung patients. Effect of HJD granule for general somatic symptoms in Hwa-byung patients is unclear, and further researches are needed. Trial registration Clinical Research Information Service, KCT0002379.
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Drouin JS, Pfalzer L, Shim JM, Kim SJ. Comparisons between Manual Lymph Drainage, Abdominal Massage, and Electrical Stimulation on Functional Constipation Outcomes: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17113924. [PMID: 32492920 PMCID: PMC7313091 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence supports abdominal massage (AM) or electrical stimulation (ES) as effective in treating functional constipation (FC). Manual lymph drainage (MLD) may also be beneficial, however, it was not previously investigated or compared to ES and AM. METHODS Sixteen college-aged males and 36 females were recruited. Participants were randomly assigned to MLD, AM or ES. Heart rate variability (HRV) measures for total power (TP), high frequency (HF), low frequency and LF/HF ratio assessed ANS outcomes. state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) and stress response inventory (SRI) assessed psychological factors and bowel movement frequency (BMF) and duration (BMD) were recorded daily. RESULTS MLD significantly improved all ANS measures (p≤0.01); AM significantly improved LF, HF and LF/HF ratios (p = 0.04); and ES significantly improved LF (p = 0.1). STAI measures improved, but not significantly in all groups. SRI improved significantly from MLD (p < 0.01), AM (p = 0.04) and ES (p < 0.01), but changes were not significant between groups. BMD improved significantly in all groups (p≤ 0.02). BMF improved significantly only following MLD and AM (p < 0.1), but differences between groups were not significant (p = 0.39). CONCLUSIONS MLD significantly reduced FC symptoms and MLD had greater improvements than AM or ES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline S. Drouin
- School of Health Sciences, Oakland University, 433 Meadow Brook Road, Rochester, MI 48309-4451, USA;
| | - Lucinda Pfalzer
- Physical Therapy Department, University of Michigan-Flint, 2157 WSW Bldg., Flint, MI 48502-195, USA;
| | - Jung Myo Shim
- Department of Skin and Health Care, Suseong University, 15 Dalgubeol-daero 528-gil, Suseong-gu, Daegu 13557, Korea;
| | - Seong Jung Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Science, Kangwon National University, 346, Hwangjo-gil, Dogye-eup, Samcheok-si, Gangwon-do 24341, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-540-3371
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Park H, Hong MY, Lee IS, Chae Y. Effects of Different Graphic Health Warning Types on the Intention to Quit Smoking. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17093267. [PMID: 32392869 PMCID: PMC7246699 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Anti-smoking advertisements are widely used to demonstrate to smokers the harm of smoking, and graphic health warnings (GHWs) are expected to have a positive effect on the intention to quit smoking. This study investigated which type of GHW (health-related threat (H-GHW) vs. social threat (S-GHW)) is more effective. Two types of GHWs for tobacco were shown to 28 daily smokers and 25 non-smokers while measuring their eye movements using an eye tracker. The time spent fixating on the GHWs was measured as an index of attentional bias. Participants were also asked to evaluate the unpleasantness of the images. They stated their intention to quit smoking in response to each image in a separate session. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify the effects of psychosocial factors on the intention to quit smoking in smokers and the intention to remain as non-smokers in the non-smokers. Both smokers and non-smokers reported greater unpleasantness and cessation intentions in response to H-GHWs than to S-GHWs. Non-smokers found both types of GHWs more unpleasant than smokers did. No differences were found in gaze fixation on GHWs between the two groups. When smokers viewed S-GHWs, the intention to quit smoking was greater as they felt more unpleasant. For non-smokers, the intention to remain non-smokers was greater when they felt more unpleasant and when the attention to H-GHWs was lower. Different psychological factors in anti-smoking advertisements are involved in the intention to quit smoking in smokers and to maintain a non-smoking status in non-smokers. Different approaches should be used according to the types of warning (e.g., warnings emphasizing a negative influence on others or on their own health) in anti-smoking campaigns.
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The Association of Problematic Internet Shopping with Dissociation among South Korean Internet Users. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17093235. [PMID: 32384745 PMCID: PMC7246758 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: This study examined patterns of problematic shopping behavior by South Korean internet users to investigate the association between problematic internet shopping (PIS) and dissociative experiences.; Methods: Five hundred and ninety eight participants from 20–69 years old were recruited through an online panel survey. We gathered information about sociodemographic characteristics, alcohol use, caffeine intake, and online shopping behaviors. Psychopathological assessments included Korean version of dissociative experience scale (DES-K), Canadian Problem Gambling Index (CPGI-K), the modified Stress Response Inventory (SRI-MF), the Barratt Impulsive Scale-11-Revised (BIS-K). We used multiple logistic regression analysis with the Richmond compulsive buying scale (RCBS-K) as the dependent variable.; Results: The prevalence of shoppers with internet-based problem shopping was 12.5%. The amount of time spent on online shopping was correlated with PIS severity (OR = 1.008, p < 0.01). The risk of PIS was related to an increased tendency toward dissociation (OR = 1.044, p < 0.001) and impulsivity (OR = 1.046, p < 0.05). Conclusions: PIS participants with dissociation showed higher levels of perceived stress, gambling problems, and impulsivity than did PIS participants without dissociation. This study suggests that dissociation was associated with a higher burden of PIS as it was connected to poor mental health problems.
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Silva E, Aguiar J, Reis LP, Sá JOE, Gonçalves J, Carvalho V. Stress among Portuguese Medical Students: the EuStress Solution. J Med Syst 2020; 44:45. [PMID: 31897774 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-019-1520-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There has been an increasing attention to the study of stress. Particularly, college students often experience high levels of stress that are linked to several negative outcomes concerning academic functioning, physical, and mental health. In this paper, we introduce the EuStress Solution, that aims to create an Information System to monitor and assess, continuously and in real-time, the stress levels of the students in order to predict burnout. The Information System will use a measuring instrument based on wearable device and machine learning techniques to collect and process stress-related data from the students without their explicit interaction. In the present study, we focus on heart rate and heart rate variability indices, by comparing baseline and stress condition. We performed different statistical tests in order to develop a complex and intelligent model. Results showed the neural network had the better model fit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Silva
- ALGORITMI Center, School of Engineering - University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joyce Aguiar
- ALGORITMI Center, School of Engineering - University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Luís Paulo Reis
- LIACC Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Oliveira E Sá
- ALGORITMI Center, School of Engineering - University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Gonçalves
- EST/IPCA - Technology School of Polytechnic Institute of Cávado and Ave, Barcelos, Portugal.,Optimizer Lda, Porto, Portugal
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Sung WS, Kang HR, Jung CY, Park SS, Lee SH, Kim EJ. Efficacy of Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) for middle-aged and moderate level of chronic fatigue patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Complement Ther Med 2019; 48:102246. [PMID: 31987248 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.102246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic fatigue (CF) is unexplained fatigue lasting more than 6 months. Korean red ginseng (KRG) is known to have higher anti-fatigue substance than white ginseng. However, its efficacy and safety for CF is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of KRG on CF by various measurements and objective indicators. DESIGN A randomized, double-blind, clinical trial was conducted on 50 patients with CF. INTERVENTION Participants were allocated to KRG or placebo group (1:1 ratio) and visited hospital every 2 weeks during taking 3 g KRG or placebo for 6 weeks and followed up 4 weeks after the treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measurement was fatigue VAS. Secondary outcome measurements included FSS, CFSQ, SRI, scales of various fields (Depression: BDI; Sleep: ISI; Quality of life: EQ-5D 5 L), biochemical test (Antioxidants: d-ROMs, TBARS, BAP, and SOD; Cortisol concentration: salivary cortisol), blinding assessment, and adverse events. RESULTS The fatigue VAS declined significantly in each group, but there were no significant differences between the groups. The 2 groups also had no significant differences in the secondary outcome measurements and there were no adverse events. Sub-group analysis indicated that patients with initial fatigue VAS below 80 mm and older than 50 years had significantly greater reductions in the fatigue VAS if they used KRG rather than placebo. CONCLUSIONS By our study, KRG did not show absolute anti-fatigue effect but provided the objective evidence of fatigue-related measurement and the therapeutic potential for middle-aged individuals with moderate fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Suk Sung
- Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Dongguk University Bundang Oriental Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Ha-Ra Kang
- Department of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University Graduate School, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Chan-Yung Jung
- Institute of Oriental Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, South Korea
| | - Seong-Sik Park
- Department of Sasang Constitutional Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University, South Korea
| | | | - Eun-Jung Kim
- Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Dongguk University Bundang Oriental Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
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Schmidt P, Reiss A, Dürichen R, Laerhoven KV. Wearable-Based Affect Recognition-A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E4079. [PMID: 31547220 PMCID: PMC6806301 DOI: 10.3390/s19194079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Affect recognition is an interdisciplinary research field bringing together researchers from natural and social sciences. Affect recognition research aims to detect the affective state of a person based on observables, with the goal to, for example, provide reasoning for the person's decision making or to support mental wellbeing (e.g., stress monitoring). Recently, beside of approaches based on audio, visual or text information, solutions relying on wearable sensors as observables, recording mainly physiological and inertial parameters, have received increasing attention. Wearable systems enable an ideal platform for long-term affect recognition applications due to their rich functionality and form factor, while providing valuable insights during everyday life through integrated sensors. However, existing literature surveys lack a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art research in wearable-based affect recognition. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to provide a broad overview and in-depth understanding of the theoretical background, methods and best practices of wearable affect and stress recognition. Following a summary of different psychological models, we detail the influence of affective states on the human physiology and the sensors commonly employed to measure physiological changes. Then, we outline lab protocols eliciting affective states and provide guidelines for ground truth generation in field studies. We also describe the standard data processing chain and review common approaches related to the preprocessing, feature extraction and classification steps. By providing a comprehensive summary of the state-of-the-art and guidelines to various aspects, we would like to enable other researchers in the field to conduct and evaluate user studies and develop wearable systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Schmidt
- Robert Bosch GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Campus 1, 71272 Renningen, Germany.
- University Siegen , Hölderlinstr. 3, 57076 Siegen, Germany.
| | - Attila Reiss
- Robert Bosch GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Campus 1, 71272 Renningen, Germany.
| | - Robert Dürichen
- Robert Bosch GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Campus 1, 71272 Renningen, Germany.
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Wendelboe-Nelson C, Kelly S, Kennedy M, Cherrie JW. A Scoping Review Mapping Research on Green Space and Associated Mental Health Benefits. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E2081. [PMID: 31212860 PMCID: PMC6616579 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16122081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a growing interest in research investigating the association between green space (GS) and mental health and wellbeing (HWB), in order to understand the underlying mechanisms. Accordingly, there is a need to map the literature and create an overview of the research. METHODS A scoping review approach was used to map literature on GS, including context and co-exposures (the GS exposome), and their associations with mental HWB. The review considers mental HWB definitions and measurements and how GS is characterized. Furthermore, the review aims to identify knowledge gaps and make recommendations for future research. RESULTS We identified a great diversity in study designs, definitions, outcome measures, consideration of the totality of the GS exposome, and reporting of results. Around 70% of the 263 reviewed studies reported a positive association between some aspect of GS and HWB. However, there is a limited amount of research using randomized controlled crossover trails (RCTs) and mixed methods and an abundance of qualitative subjective research. CONCLUSIONS The discords between study designs, definitions, and the reporting of results makes it difficult to aggregate the evidence and identify any potential causal mechanisms. We propose key points to consider when defining and quantifying GS and make recommendations for reporting on research investigating GS and mental HWB. This review highlights a need for large well-designed RCTs that reliably measure the GS exposome in relation to mental HWB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Wendelboe-Nelson
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Sarah Kelly
- Information Services, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Marion Kennedy
- Information Services, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - John W Cherrie
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
- Centre for Human Exposure Science, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Research Avenue North, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, UK.
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Lee N, Choi CJ. Smoking and Diabetes as Predictive Factors of Accelerated Loss of Muscle Mass in Middle-Aged and Older Women: A Six-Year Retrospective Cohort Study. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2019; 28:1391-1398. [PMID: 31120314 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2018.7527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Preservation of muscle mass during aging reduces the risk of frailty and age-related chronic diseases. We investigated the lifestyle, psychological factors, and common cardiometabolic diseases associated with accelerated muscle loss in middle-aged and older women. Materials and Methods: A total of 881 women aged 40 years and older who underwent regular health checkup at a tertiary care hospital in Korea in 2010-2011 and underwent a 6-year follow-up were included in this study. Lifestyle and health statuses were evaluated through a standardized questionnaire and laboratory testing. Muscle mass was estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Results: The accelerated loss group showing appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) loss >3% for 6 years represented 24.4% (n = 215) of the total participants. Current smoking women presented a higher odds ratio (OR) for accelerated loss of ASM than nonsmoking individuals after adjusting for age, body mass index, exercise, caloric intake, alcohol consumption, menopausal state, and diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR 3.53, confidence interval [95% CI] 1.28-9.74, p = 0.015). Women with DM showed a higher OR than non-DM individuals after adjusting for the aforementioned variables and smoking status (OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.39-6.14, p = 0.005). Conclusion: Current smoking and DM are predictors for accelerated muscle mass loss in middle-aged and older women. Smokers and DM patients need to monitor muscle mass changes and apply preventive intervention steps. Smoking cessation and good glycemic control are required not only for reducing cardiovascular risk but also for improving muscle health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Jin Choi
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jung YH, Shin NY, Jang JH, Lee WJ, Lee D, Choi Y, Choi SH, Kang DH. Relationships among stress, emotional intelligence, cognitive intelligence, and cytokines. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15345. [PMID: 31045776 PMCID: PMC6504531 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain has multiple functions, and its structures are very closely related to one another. Thus, the brain areas associated with stress, emotion, and intelligence are closely connected. The purpose of this study was to investigate the multiple associations between stress and emotional intelligence (EI), between EI and intelligence quotient (IQ), between cytokines and stress, and between cytokines and IQ. We measured the stress, EI, cognitive intelligence using IQ, and cytokine levels of 70 healthy subjects. We also analyzed the association of cytokines with IQ according to hemispheric dominance using the brain preference indicator (BPI). We found significant negative correlations between stress and the components of EI, such as emotional awareness and expression, emotional thinking, and emotional regulation. High levels of anger, which is a component of stress, were significantly related to poor emotional regulation. Additionally, emotional application was positively correlated with full-scale IQ scores and scores on the vocabulary, picture arrangement, and block design subtests of the IQ test. High IL-10 levels were significantly associated with low stress levels only in the right-brain-dominant group. High IL-10 and IFN-gamma levels have been associated with high scores of arithmetic intelligence. TNF-alpha and IL-6 were negatively associated with vocabulary scores and full-scale IQ, but IL-10 and IFN-gamma were positively associated with scores on the arithmetic subtest in left-brain-dominant subjects. On the other hand, IL-10 showed positive correlations with scores for vocabulary and for vocabulary and arithmetic in right-brain-dominant subjects. Furthermore, we found significant linear regression models which can show integrative associations and contribution on emotional and cognitive intelligence. Thus, we demonstrated that cytokines, stress, and emotional and cognitive intelligence are closely connected one another related to brain structure and functions. Also, the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6 had negative effects, whereas the anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-10 and IFN-gamma) showed beneficial effects, on stress levels, and multiple dimensions of emotional and cognitive intelligence. Additionally, these relationships among cytokines, stress, and emotional and cognitive intelligence differed depending on right and left hemispheric dominance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Ha Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul
| | | | - Joon Hwan Jang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine
| | - Won Joon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital
| | - Dasom Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul
| | - Yoobin Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul
| | - Soo-Hee Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, SNU-MRC
| | - Do-Hyung Kang
- Emotional Information and Communication Technology Association, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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33
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Relationships Between Catecholamine Levels and Stress or Intelligence. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:1192-1200. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02762-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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34
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Wu W, Pirbhulal S, Zhang H, Mukhopadhyay SC. Quantitative Assessment for Self-Tracking of Acute Stress Based on Triangulation Principle in a Wearable Sensor System. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2019; 23:703-713. [DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2018.2832069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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35
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The Impact of a Stress Management Program on the Stress Response of Nurses in Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Quasi-Experimental Study. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs 2019; 33:189-195. [PMID: 31021944 DOI: 10.1097/jpn.0000000000000396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted with the aim to determine the effect of a stress management program on the response to stress by nurses working in neonatal intensive care units. This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 70 nurses in Iran. The nurses were assigned to the 2 groups: experimental and control groups, with each group comprising 35 participants. The McNamara education program was used for nurses in the experimental group. The response to stress in both groups was reviewed pre- and postintervention and 8 weeks after the intervention using the Stress Response Inventory. The 2 groups had no significant differences in terms of stress response preintervention (t = 0.668, P = .506). The mean scores in the experimental group were higher preintervention than those obtained postintervention, and the difference between them was significant. These findings indicate that the program has led to stress reduction in the experimental group.
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36
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Kim SM, Kim HJ, Hwang HC, Hong JS, Bae S, Min KJ, Han DH. The Effects of a Serious Game on Depressive Symptoms and Anxiety in Breast Cancer Patients with Depression: A Pilot Study Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Games Health J 2018; 7:409-417. [DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2017.0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Mi Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Jun Kim
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Chan Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Sun Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sujin Bae
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Joon Min
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Doug Hyun Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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37
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Xia L, Malik AS, Subhani AR. A physiological signal-based method for early mental-stress detection. Biomed Signal Process Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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38
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Choi YJ, Chung SY, Cho SH. The efficacy and safety of a Huanglian-jie-du decoction on Hwa-byung patients: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. J Pharmacopuncture 2018; 21:7-13. [PMID: 30151299 PMCID: PMC6054078 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2018.21.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Hwa-byung is one of the cultural concept of distress in Korea resulted from chronic accumulated anger. It is characterized by various symptoms like stuffy in the chest, hot or heat sensation, something pushing up in the chest, feeling of mortification, and a flush of anger. This protocol aims to explore the efficacy and safety of Huanglian-jie-du decoction on various somatic symptoms and insomnia in patients with Hwa-byung. Methods This is study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 44 patients will be randomly assigned to the experimental group or the placebo group in a 1:1 ratio. All medications will be taken orally 3 times per day for 7 consecutive days. The primary outcomes are the mean changes in Patient Health Questionnaire of physical symptoms (PHQ-15) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) after the 7 days of administration. The secondary outcomes include the scales to assess stress response, symptoms of Hwa-byung, and state anger. Conclusion The results of this study will provide high quality and explorative evidence to investigate the effect of Huanglian-jie-du decoction on Hwa-byung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Choi
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun-Yong Chung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hun Cho
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,Research group of Neuroscience, East-West medical Research Institute, WHO Collaborating Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Oh DJ, Lee DH, Kim EY, Kim WJ, Baik MJ. Altered autonomic reactivity in Korean military soldiers with adjustment disorder. Psychiatry Res 2018; 261:428-435. [PMID: 29353770 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Only few studies addressing the biological background of adjustment disorder (AD) exist. We examined the psychophysiological correlates indicative of autonomic regulation in AD. Heart rate variability (HRV), skin conductance, skin temperature, electromyography, and respiration were measured during serial stress tasks in 33 soldiers with AD and 60 healthy controls (HC). Patients with AD displayed lower relative power of high frequency (rHF) HRV and higher relative power of very low frequency (rVLF) HRV compared with HC at baseline. Inversely, the rHF of patients with AD remained higher and their rVLF remained lower compared with HC parameters after the single stress task, which suggests a reversed sympathovagal balance in AD. Mean heart rate and skin conductance increased during stress tasks in patients, although to a lesser extent than in HC. Skin temperature remained unchanged in all tasks in patients with AD. The tension of the frontalis muscle was higher in patients compared with HC from the second stress task onward. Thoracic breathing was more prevalent in patients with AD. Our study suggests altered autonomic reactivity in AD, which leads to a lack of sympathetic response to stress. We conclude that the distinctive biological mechanisms underlying AD are different from normal stress reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Jong Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Naval Pohang Hospital, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hyeong Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Jae Baik
- Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
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Kim K, Ha I, Kim E, Kim K. A comparative study of biological and metabolic biomarkers between healthy individuals and patients with acne vulgaris: A cross-sectional study protocol. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8554. [PMID: 29137071 PMCID: PMC5690764 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acne is a multifactorial dermatosis, which is influenced not only by hormones but also by the biochemical relationship between them and the pilosebaceous unit. Inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, active oxygen, and zinc are known to be associated with the development of acne. Further, steroid metabolism is known as one of the important factors related to sebum secretion and comedone formation in acne. However, there is a lack of studies comparing these human biomarkers between healthy individuals and patients with acne. In particular, no study has investigated the relationship between human biomarkers and patterns of acne yet.The purpose of this study is to investigate diagnostic human biomarkers in acne by comparing the biological and metabolic biomarkers between healthy individuals and patients with acne and identify the relationship between human biomarkers and patterns of acne.This study is a protocol for a cross-sectional study. Forty healthy participants and 60 patients with acne will be recruited at 1 center. We will collect their blood samples and analyze the molecular biological and metabolic biomarkers (cytokines, chemokines, reactive oxygen species, corticotropin-releasing hormone, zinc, amino acid, 1-carbon metabolite, lipid metabolite, etc.). Further, we will administer questionnaires regarding their diet, sleep, stress, and other factors relating to acne and measure their skin elasticity.The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Oriental Medical Hospital at Kyung Hee Medical Center (KOMCIRB-161118-HR-062). Written informed consent will be obtained from all the participants. The trial was registered in the Clinical Research Information Service, Republic of Korea: KCT0002212.This trial will provide evidence regarding diagnostic human biomarkers in acne and the relationship between the human biomarkers and patterns of acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuseok Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology and Dermatology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital
| | - Injin Ha
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital
| | - Eunok Kim
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University
| | - Kyunglee Kim
- Department of Education, College of Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Assaf AM, Al-Abbassi R, Al-Binni M. Academic stress-induced changes in Th1- and Th2-cytokine response. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 25:1237-1247. [PMID: 29204074 PMCID: PMC5688230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological stress stimulates physiological responses releasing catecholamines and corticoids, which act via corresponding receptors on immune cells, producing a shift in the cytokine balance. These responses are variable depending on the nature of stressors. The effect of the academic stress on the production of the Th1-cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8) and Th2-cytokines (IL-1ra, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10) on 35 medical/health sciences students after completing their questionnaires was investigated. Blood samples were taken at three stages; baseline stage at the beginning, midterm and final academic examination stages. Plasma cortisol and cytokines were measured during the three stages. The last two stages were compared with the baseline non-stress period. Results of the stress induced during the final examination stage were the highest with a significant increase in cortisol release, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-1ra release with a shift in Th1:Th2 cytokines balance towards Th2. Whereby, the midterm stage did not show significant reduction in Th1-cytokines except for TNF-α, with an increase in IFN-γ level that was reduced in the third stage. Th2 cytokine, IL-1ra, had positive correlations with Th1 cytokines; IL-2 and IFN-γ in the second stage and IL-6 cytokine in the third stage. Cortisol was positively correlated with IL-8 in the last stage and heart rates had negative correlation with IL-10 in the first and last stages. Findings of this study indicate that exam stress down-regulates Th1 with a selective up-regulation of Th2-cytokines. In conclusion, Cortisol might have a role in suppressing the release of Th1- mediated cellular immune response which could increase the vulnerability among the students to infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej M Assaf
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Reem Al-Abbassi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Maysaa Al-Binni
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Park J, Chung S, Lee J, Sung JH, Cho SW, Sim CS. Noise sensitivity, rather than noise level, predicts the non-auditory effects of noise in community samples: a population-based survey. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:315. [PMID: 28403870 PMCID: PMC5389011 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4244-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive noise affects human health and interferes with daily activities. Although environmental noise may not directly cause mental illness, it may accelerate and intensify the development of latent mental disorders. Noise sensitivity (NS) is considered a moderator of non-auditory noise effects. In the present study, we aimed to assess whether NS is associated with non-auditory effects. METHODS We recruited a community sample of 1836 residents residing in Ulsan and Seoul, South Korea. From July to November 2015, participants were interviewed regarding their demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, medical history, and NS. The non-auditory effects of noise were assessed using the Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression, Insomnia Severity index, State Trait Anxiety Inventory state subscale, and Stress Response Inventory-Modified Form. Individual noise levels were recorded from noise maps. A three-model multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors that might affect psychiatric illnesses. RESULTS Participants ranged in age from 19 to 91 years (mean: 47.0 ± 16.1 years), and 37.9% (n = 696) were male. Participants with high NS were more likely to have been diagnosed with diabetes and hyperlipidemia and to use psychiatric medication. The multivariable analysis indicated that even after adjusting for noise-related variables, sociodemographic factors, medical illness, and duration of residence, subjects in the high NS group were more than 2 times more likely to experience depression and insomnia and 1.9 times more likely to have anxiety, compared with those in the low NS group. Noise exposure level was not identified as an explanatory value. CONCLUSIONS NS increases the susceptibility and hence moderates there actions of individuals to noise. NS, rather than noise itself, is associated with an elevated susceptibility to non-auditory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangho Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 877 Bangeojinsunhwando-ro, Dong-gu, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seockhoon Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 86, Asanbyeongwon-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiho Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 877 Bangeojinsunhwando-ro, Dong-gu, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Sung
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 877 Bangeojinsunhwando-ro, Dong-gu, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Woo Cho
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 877 Bangeojinsunhwando-ro, Dong-gu, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Sun Sim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 877 Bangeojinsunhwando-ro, Dong-gu, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
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Shim JM, Yeun YR, Kim HY, Kim SJ. Effects of manual lymph drainage for abdomen on the brain activity of subjects with psychological stress. J Phys Ther Sci 2017; 29:491-494. [PMID: 28356638 PMCID: PMC5361017 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.29.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The present study investigated the effects of manual lymph drainage for abdomen
on electroencephalography in subjects with psychological stress. [Subjects and Methods]
Twenty-eight subjects were randomly allocated to undergo a 20-min session of either manual
lymph drainage or abdominal massage on a bed. [Results] Analysis of electroencephalograms
from the manual lymph drainage group showed a significant increase in relaxation,
manifested as an increase in average absolute, relative alpha activity and a decrease in
relative gamma activity. [Conclusion] Our results suggest that the application of manual
lymph drainage from the abdomen provides acute neural effects that increase relaxation in
subjects with psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Myo Shim
- Department of Beauty and Health Therapy, Susung College, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ran Yeun
- Department of Nursing, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Young Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Joong Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
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Goyal A, Singh S, Vir D, Pershad D. Automation of Stress Recognition Using Subjective or Objective Measures. PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12646-016-0379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Jung YH, Ha TM, Oh CY, Lee UIS, Jang JH, Kim J, Park JO, Kang DH. The Effects of an Online Mind-Body Training Program on Stress, Coping Strategies, Emotional Intelligence, Resilience and Psychological State. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159841. [PMID: 27479499 PMCID: PMC4968838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of an online mind-body training (MBT) program on participants’ stress, anger, coping strategies, emotional intelligence, resilience, and positive and negative affect. Forty-two healthy women participated in an online MBT program for approximately 8–10 minutes a day for 8 weeks; a control group of 45 healthy women did not participate in the program. Self-report psychological questionnaires were administered before the beginning of the program and at 4 and 8 weeks following its onset. Data from the MBT group and the control group were compared using repeated measures ANOVA and Student’s t-tests. Significant time x group interaction effects were found with respect to stress, coping strategies, anger, emotional intelligence, negative affect and resilience. These results demonstrate beneficial effects of the online MBT program and significant improvements in the psychological capabilities of participants compared with the control group. The effects of online MBT program were similar with those of the previous offline MBT in psychological aspects, suggesting further studies for neuroscientific evidence related stress and emotion of online MBT effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Ha Jung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Min Ha
- Department of Brain Education, Global Cyber University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Young Oh
- Department of Brain Education, Global Cyber University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - UI Soon Lee
- Department of Brain Education, Global Cyber University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hwan Jang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwon Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Oh Park
- Department of Occupational Health Research, Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Lee ES, Shin HC, Lee JH, Yang YJ, Cho JJ, Ahn G, Yoon YS, Sung E. Development of the Perceived Stress Inventory: A New Questionnaire for Korean Population Surveys. Korean J Fam Med 2015; 36:286-93. [PMID: 26634094 PMCID: PMC4666863 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2015.36.6.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Given emerging evidence of the association between stress and disease, practitioners need a tool for measuring stress. Several instruments exist to measure perceived stress; however, none of them are applicable for population surveys because stress conceptualization can differ by population. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the Perceived Stress Inventory (PSI) and its short version for use in population surveys and clinical practice in Korea. Methods From a pool of perceived stress items collected from three widely used instruments, 20 items were selected for the new measurement tool. Nine of these items were selected for the short version. We evaluated the validity of the items using exploratory factor analysis of the preliminary data. To evaluate the convergent validity of the PSI, 387 healthy people were recruited and stratified on the basis of age and sex. Confirmatory analyses and examination of structural stability were also carried out. To evaluate discriminatory validity, the PSI score of a group with depressive symptoms was compared with that of a healthy group. A similar comparison was also done for persons with anxious mood. Results Exploratory factor analysis supported a three-factor construct (tension, depression, and anger) for the PSI. Reliability values were satisfactory, ranging from 0.67 to 0.87. Convergent validity was confirmed through correlation with the Perceived Stress Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. People with depressive or anxious mood had higher scores than the healthy group on the total PSI, all three dimensions, and the short version. Conclusion The long and short versions of the PSI are valid and reliable tools for measuring perceived stress. These instruments offer benefits for stress research using population-based surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eon Sook Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Ho Cheol Shin
- Department of the Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, SungKyunKwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Hyung Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Yun Jun Yang
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jung Jin Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Gwiyeoroo Ahn
- Kangnam University Graduate School of Education, Yongin, Korea
| | - Yeong Sook Yoon
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Eunju Sung
- Department of the Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, SungKyunKwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim KW, Yoo HH, Cho JH, Yang YC, Kim JI, Kim SY, Park JY, Park HJ, Song MY. Effects of acupuncture on serum metabolic parameters in premenopausal obese women: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2015; 16:327. [PMID: 26238111 PMCID: PMC4523909 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-015-0867-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Complex metabolic changes cause obesity, making weight loss difficult. For this reason, understanding metabolism is important, and considering the shortcomings of conventional treatment options for obesity, acupuncture is a possible option. However, evidence supporting its efficacy on metabolic parameters in obese patients is lacking. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of acupuncture on serum metabolic parameters in premenopausal obese women. Methods/design This ongoing study is a randomized, patient-assessor blind, two-arm parallel non-penetrating sham-controlled clinical trial. Eligible participants, premenopausal adult women (19 years of age or older) with a clinical diagnosis of obesity (body mass index of 25 kg/m2 or more) blinded to the treatment received, will be randomly allocated blindly into the real acupuncture treatment group (manual acupuncture plus electroacupuncture, n = 60) or the sham acupuncture control group (sham acupuncture plus placebo acupuncture without electrical stimulation, n = 60) and receive treatment two times a week for a total of 12 sessions over 6 weeks. The primary outcome measure is the serum cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) levels at baseline and endpoint. The secondary outcomes are body weight, body fat mass, muscle mass, waist and hip circumference, other serum metabolic profiles, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS), Stress Response Inventory (SRI), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), the Korean version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and urine metabolites. Adverse events will be assessed at every visit. Discussion The results of this trial (which will be available in 2015) will provide important clinical evidence for the effect of acupuncture on serum metabolites and demonstrate how acupuncture can be helpful for the treatment of obesity. Trial registration Trial registration registered via US National Institutes of Health Clinical Trials registry (ClinicalTrials.gov) on 11 November 2014, identifier: NCT02066090.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koh-Woon Kim
- Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hye Hyun Yoo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology and College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 426-791, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Heung Cho
- Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yo-Chan Yang
- Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Je-In Kim
- Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Song-Yi Kim
- Studies of Translational Acupuncture Research, Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Yeun Park
- Studies of Translational Acupuncture Research, Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Studies of Translational Acupuncture Research, Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Acupoint and Meridian, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mi-Yeon Song
- Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
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Woo JM, Kim TS. Gender Plays Significant Role in Short-Term Heart Rate Variability. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2015; 40:297-303. [DOI: 10.1007/s10484-015-9295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lee DH, Park HY, Lee US, Lee KJ, Noh EC, Jang JH, Kang DH. The effects of brain wave vibration on oxidative stress response and psychological symptoms. Compr Psychiatry 2015; 60:99-104. [PMID: 25842193 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brain Wave Vibration (BWV) training is a simple healing practice, a kind of Mind Body Training. This study was designed to investigate the psycho-endocrine differences between BMV practitioners and naïve controls. METHODS The experimental group included 54 individuals who had participated in BWV. The control group included 58 subjects who had not participated in formal BWV. Levels of plasma NO, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured, and the modified form of the Stress Response Inventory (SRI-MF), the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were administered. RESULTS The BWV group demonstrated significantly higher plasma NO levels (p=0.003), and levels of ROS and SOD did not differ between the two groups. The BWV group showed lower scores in BDI (p=0.009), BAI (p=0.009) and stress level (p<0.001) and higher scores on positive affect (p=0.023) compared with the control group. NO levels were associated with increased positive affect (p = 0.024) only in BWV subjects. CONCLUSION BWV may increase NO, a relaxation-related factor, possibly by improving emotional state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Hyeong Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Yoon Park
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ul Soon Lee
- Global Cyber University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jun Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Chung Noh
- Interdisciplinary Program of Neuroscience, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hwan Jang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Kim SA, Suh C, Park MH, Kim K, Lee CK, Son BC, Kim JH, Lee JT, Woo KH, Kang K, Jung H. Effectiveness of a comprehensive stress management program to reduce work-related stress in a medium-sized enterprise. Ann Occup Environ Med 2014; 26:4. [PMID: 24524591 PMCID: PMC4026857 DOI: 10.1186/2052-4374-26-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To assess the effectiveness of a comprehensive workplace stress management program consisting of participatory action-oriented training (PAOT) and individual management. Methods A comprehensive workplace stress management program was conducted in a medium-sized enterprise. The baseline survey was conducted in September 2011, using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) and Worker’s Stress Response Inventory (WSRI). After implementing both organizational and individual level interventions, the follow up evaluation was conducted in November 2011. Results Most of the workers participated in the organizational level PAOT and made Team-based improvement plans. Based on the stress survey, 24 workers were interviewed by a researcher. After the organizational and individual level interventions, there was a reduction of several adverse psychosocial factors and stress responses. In the case of blue-collar workers, psychosocial factors such as the physical environment, job demands, organizational system, lack of rewards, and occupational climate were significantly improved; in the case of white-collar workers, the occupational climate was improved. Conclusions In light of these results, we concluded that the comprehensive stress management program was effective in reducing work-related stress in a short-term period. A persistent long-term follow up is necessary to determine whether the observed effects are maintained over time. Both team-based improvement activities and individual interviews have to be sustainable and complementary to each other under the long-term plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ae Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine & Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, 75, Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 633-165, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunhui Suh
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine & Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, 75, Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 633-165, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hee Park
- Occupational Medical Examination Center, Good Morning Hospital, 110, Samsan-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan 680-804, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunhyung Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine & Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, 75, Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 633-165, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Kwan Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine & Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, 75, Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 633-165, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Chul Son
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine & Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, 75, Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 633-165, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine & Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, 75, Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 633-165, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Tae Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine & Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, 75, Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 633-165, Republic of Korea
| | - Kuck-Hyun Woo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, 179, Gongdan 1-dong, Gumi-si, Gyeongbuk 730-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Kabsoon Kang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine & Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, 75, Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 633-165, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Jung
- Education & Future Center, Hyunjin Materials. Co., Ltd, 1201-4, Jisa-dogn, Kangseo-gu, Busan 618-230, Republic of Korea
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