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Joo HJ, D'Alessandro M, Oh G, Han S, Kim WJ, Chung GE, Jang Y, Lee JB, Lee C, Yang Y. Novel targets of β-TrCP cooperatively accelerate carbohydrate and fatty acid consumption. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31095. [PMID: 37584358 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Cellular energy is primarily produced from glucose and fat through glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) followed by the tricarboxylic acid cycle in mitochondria; energy homeostasis is carefully maintained via numerous feedback pathways. In this report, we uncovered a new master regulator of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. When ubiquitin E3 ligase β-TrCP2 was inducibly knocked out in β-TrCP1 knockout adult mice, the resulting double knockout mice (DKO) lost fat mass rapidly. Biochemical analyses of the tissues and cells from β-TrCP2 KO and DKO mice revealed that glycolysis, FAO, and lipolysis were dramatically upregulated. The absence of β-TrCP2 increased the protein stability of metabolic rate-limiting enzymes including 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (PFKFB3), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), and carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase (CACT). Our data suggest that β-TrCP is a potential regulator for total energy homeostasis by simultaneously controlling glucose and fatty acid metabolism and that targeting β-TrCP could be an effective strategy to treat obesity and other metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jeong Joo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Matthew D'Alessandro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Gaeun Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sora Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Eun Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youjeong Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Bok Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choogon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Young Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim H, Jeong EJ, Hwang B, Lee HD, Lee S, Jang M, Yeo K, Shin Y, Park S, Lim WT, Kim WJ, Moon SK. Pharmacological effects of biologically synthesized ginsenoside CK-rich preparation (AceCK40) on the colitis symptoms in DSS-induced Caco-2 cells and C57BL mice. Phytomedicine 2024; 124:155301. [PMID: 38181531 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the notable pharmacological potential of natural ginsenosides, their industrial application is hindered by low oral bioavailability. Recent research centers on the production of less-glycosylated minor ginsenosides. PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the effect of a biologically synthesized ginsenoside CK-rich minor ginsenoside complex (AceCK40), on ameliorating colitis using DSS-induced colitis models in vitro and in vivo. METHODS The ginsenoside composition of AceCK40 was determined by HPLC-ELSD and UHPLC-MS/MS analyses. In vitro colitis model was established using dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced Caco-2 intestinal epithelial model. For in vivo experiments, DSS-induced severe colitis mouse model was established. RESULTS In DSS-stimulated Caco-2 cells, AceCK40 downregulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation (p < 0.05), inhibited monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) production (p < 0.05), and enhanced MUC2 expression (p < 0.05), mediated via signaling pathway regulation. Daily AceCK40 administration at doses of 10 and 30 mg/kg/day was well tolerated by DSS-induced severe colitis mice. These doses led to significant alleviation of disease activity index score (> 36.0% decrease, p < 0.05), increased luminal immunoglobulin (Ig)G (> 37.6% increase, p < 0.001) and IgA (> 33.8% increase, p < 0.001), lowered interleukin (IL)-6 (> 65.7% decrease, p < 0.01) and MCP-1 (> 116.2% decrease, p < 0.05), as well as elevated serum IgA (> 51.4% increase, p < 0.001) and lowered serum IL-6 (112.3% decrease at 30 mg/kg, p < 0.001). Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining revealed that DSS-mediated thickening of the muscular externa, extensive submucosal edema, crypt distortion, and decreased mucin droplets were significantly alleviated by AceCK40 administration. Additionally, daily administration of AceCK40 led to significant recovery of colonic tight junctions damaged by DSS through the elevation in the expression of adhesion molecules, including occludin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin. CONCLUSION This study presents the initial evidence elucidating the anti-colitis effects of AceCK40 and its underlying mechanism of action through sequential in vitro and in vivo systems employing DSS stimulation. Our findings provide valuable fundamental data for the utilization of AceCK40 in the development of novel anti-colitis candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, South Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Jeong
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Byungdoo Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, South Korea
| | - Hak-Dong Lee
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, South Korea
| | - Sanghyun Lee
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, South Korea
| | - Mi Jang
- The Food Industry Promotional Agency of Korea, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Kwangeun Yeo
- The Food Industry Promotional Agency of Korea, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Yunjeong Shin
- The Food Industry Promotional Agency of Korea, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Sanghoon Park
- The Food Industry Promotional Agency of Korea, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Wan Taek Lim
- Research Institute, AceEMzyme, Anseong, South Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, South Korea
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, South Korea.
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Kim H, Jeong EJ, Park C, Lee JS, Kim WJ, Yu KW, Suh HJ, Ahn Y, Moon SK. Modulation of gut microbiota ecosystem by a glucan-rich snail mucin heteropolysaccharide attenuates loperamide-induced constipation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126560. [PMID: 37640190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of oral administration of snail-derived mucin extract (SM) on ameliorating constipation symptoms of loperamide-induced constipated rats (n = 6). The analytical results indicated that SM mainly contains a glucan-rich snail mucin heteropolysaccharide with high molecular weights (108.5-267.9 kDa), comprising primarily of glucose (64.9 %) and galactose (22.4 %) with some deoxyhexoses (5.0 %) and hexosamines (4.9 %). Daily SM administration at doses of 10-40 mg/kg/day to the loperamide-induced constipated rats significantly (p < 0.05) ameliorated the deterioration in fecal parameters, such as numbers and weight of feces, fecal water contents, and gastrointestinal transit ratio. The histomorphometric results showed that the loperamide-induced decreases in the thickness of mucosal and muscularis mucosae layers as well as the distribution of mucin and c-KIT-positive areas were significantly (p < 0.05) improved via SM consumption at all doses tested. SM administration at all doses significantly increased the expression of genes encoding tryptophan hydroxylases (TPH1 and TPH2; p < 0.05), tight junction molecules (OCLN, CLDN1, and TJP1; p < 0.05), and mucin (MUC2 and MUC4; p < 0.05), but significantly decreased the aquaporin-encoding genes (AQP3 and AQP8; p < 0.05). Gut microbial community analysis indicated that SM administration could modulate loperamide-induced dysbiosis by increasing the phyla Actinobacteria (11.72-12.64 % at 10-40 mg/kg doses; p < 0.05) and Firmicutes (79.33 % and 74.24 % at 20 and 40 mg/kg doses; p < 0.05) and decreasing the phyla Bacteroidetes (5.98-12.47 % at 10-40 mg/kg doses; p < 0.05) and Verrucomicrobia (2.21 % and 2.78 % at 20 and 40 mg/kg doses; p < 0.05), suggesting that SM administration is effective in ameliorating constipation by controlling gut microbial communities. These findings can be utilized as fundamental data for developing novel functional materials using SM to prevent or treat constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-daero, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong 17546, South Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Jeong
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea; BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health Systems, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Chunwoong Park
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea; BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health Systems, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Seok Lee
- Age at Labs Inc., 55, Digital-ro 32-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul 08379, South Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Won Yu
- Major in Food & Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportation, 61 Daehak-ro, Jeungpyeong 27909, South Korea
| | - Hyung Joo Suh
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Yejin Ahn
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-daero, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong 17546, South Korea.
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Park CJ, Kim SY, Kim JH, Son NH, Park JY, Jeong YH, Kim HJ, Park J, Kim WJ. Evaluation of glymphatic system activity using diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space and amyloid PET in older adults with objectively normal cognition: a preliminary study. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1221667. [PMID: 37577357 PMCID: PMC10413261 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1221667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) is a recently introduced method for the assessment of the glymphatic system without the need for contrast injection. The purpose of our study was to assess the glymphatic system in cognitively normal older adults with or without subjective cognitive decline (SCD) using DTI-ALPS, and correlating with amyloid PET. Design and participants To evaluate the glymphatic system in cognitively normal older adults using DTI-ALPS, we built a prospective cohort including a total of 123 objectively cognitively normal older adults with or without SCD. The ALPS index was calculated from DTI MRI and was assessed by correlating it with standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) from amyloid PET and clinically relevant variables. The study subjects were also divided into amyloid "positive" and "negative" groups based on the result of amyloid PET, and the ALPS indices between those two groups were compared. Results The ALPS index was not significantly different between the normal and SCD groups (P = 0.897). The mean ALPS index from the amyloid positive and amyloid negative group was 1.31 and 1.35, respectively, which showed no significant difference (P = 0.308). Among the SUVRs from variable cortices, that of the paracentral cortex was negatively correlated with the ALPS index (r = -0.218, P = 0.016). Multivariate linear regression revealed that older age (coefficient, -0.007) and higher SUVR from the paracentral cortex (coefficient, -0.101) were two independent variables with a significant association with a lower ALPS index (P = 0.015 and 0.045, respectively). Conclusion DTI-ALPS may not be useful for evaluation of the glymphatic system in subjects with SCD. Older age was significantly associated with lower ALPS index. Greater amyloid deposition in the paracentral cortex was significantly associated with lower glymphatic activity in cognitively normal older adults. These results should be validated in future studies on the relationships between ALPS index and other fundamental compartments in glymphatic system, such as perivenous space and the meningeal lymphatic vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Jung Park
- Department of Radiology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Young Kim
- MR Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hwee Kim
- Department of Radiology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Nak-Hoon Son
- Department of Statistics, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Park
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Center for Digital Health, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyu Jeong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesub Park
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Kim H, Hwang B, Cho S, Kim WJ, Myung SC, Choi YH, Kim WJ, Lee S, Moon SK. The ethanol extract of Cyperus exaltatus var. iwasakii exhibits cell cycle dysregulation, ERK1/2/p38 MAPK/AKT phosphorylation, and reduced MMP-9-mediated metastatic capacity in prostate cancer models in vitro and in vivo. Phytomedicine 2023; 114:154794. [PMID: 37011419 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide in men. The development of novel and highly efficient therapeutic strategies is strongly recommended to treat prostate cancer. Cyperaceae are an ecologically and economically important family of plants with several pharmacological effects. However, the biological efficacy of Cyperus exaltatus var. iwasakii (CE) is unknown. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the antitumor effect of the ethanol extract of CE against prostate cancer. METHODS In vitro antitumor efficacy of CE was explored by the MTT assay, cell counting assay, FACS analysis, immunoblot, wound-healing migration, invasion assay, zymographic assay, and EMSA in prostate cancer cells, DU145 and LNCaP. For in vivo experiments, xenograft mice were injected with LNCaP cells. Histology (H&E and Ki-67) and biochemical enzyme assay were then performed. The toxicity test was evaluated by an acute toxicity assay. The phytochemical constituents of CE were identified by spectrometric and chromatographic analyses. RESULTS CE exerted a significant antiproliferative effect against prostate cancer cells. CE-induced antiproliferative cells were associated with cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 (cyclin D1/CDK4, cyclin E/CDK2, p21Waf1) in DU145 cells, but G2/M (ATR, CHK1, Cdc2, Cdc25c, p21Waf1, and p53) in LNCaP cells. CE stimulated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and AKT in DU145 cells, but only p38 MAPK phosphorylation was increased in LNCaP cells. CE treatment suppressed migration and invasion in the two types of prostate cancer cells by inhibiting MMP-9 activity through the regulation of transcription factors, such as AP-1 and NF-κB. In vivo experiments showed a reduction in tumor weight and size following oral CE administration. Histochemistry confirmed that CE inhibited tumor growth in the mouse LNCaP xenograft model. The administration of CE had no adverse effects on body weight, behavioral patterns, blood biochemistry, and histopathology findings of vital organs in mice. Finally, a total of 13 phytochemical constituents were identified and quantified in CE. The most abundant secondary metabolites in CE were astragalin, tricin, and p-coumaric acid. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated the antitumor efficacy of CE against prostate cancer. These findings suggest that CE might be a potential candidate for prostate cancer prevention or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-Daero, Daedeok-Myeon, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungdoo Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-Daero, Daedeok-Myeon, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongbin Cho
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-Daero, Daedeok-Myeon, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Chul Myung
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Wun-Jae Kim
- Institute of Urotech, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Lee
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-Daero, Daedeok-Myeon, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-Daero, Daedeok-Myeon, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea.
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Lee D, Park JY, Kim WJ. Altered functional connectivity of the default mode and dorsal attention network in subjective cognitive decline. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 159:165-171. [PMID: 36738647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a clinical condition in which performance on standardized cognitive tests does not indicate impairment like mild cognitive impairment (MCI), but self-experienced cognitive capacity persistently declines. We aimed to explore the functional connectivity (FC) characteristics of SCD subjects compared to healthy controls and MCI patients. Resting-state functional MRI was performed on 152 elderly subjects: 65 normal controls, 62 SCD subjects, and 25 MCI patients. A seed-based FC analysis was performed to compare groups. The major brain regions of the default mode network (DMN) and dorsal attention network (DAN), large-scale brain networks disrupted in patients with dementia, were selected as seed regions. As a result, the SCD group showed stronger FC than the MCI group between DMN seeds and the supramarginal gyrus. Both the SCD and MCI groups showed stronger FC between the left lateral parietal cortex and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. In the FC analysis centred on DAN seeds, both the SCD and MCI groups showed weaker FC of the right posterior intraparietal sulcus in the left anterior cingulate cortex and the left insula, compared to those in the control group. Within the SCD group, hyperconnectivity between the right lateral parietal cortex and left supramarginal gyrus was significantly correlated with better performance on the Controlled Oral Word Association Test. In conclusion, the SCD group showed several DMN- and DAN-related FC alterations, similar to the MCI group, but with distinct hyperconnectivity between DMN seeds and the supramarginal gyrus. In particular, SCD has DMN-related FC patterns distinct from those of MCI that are associated with verbal fluency retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deokjong Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, South Korea; Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Young Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, South Korea; Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Center for Digital Health, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yongin, South Korea.
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, South Korea; Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Park J, Kim WJ. Potential imaging biomarkers of cognitive frailty. Ann Geriatr Med Res 2022; 27:3-8. [PMID: 36537174 PMCID: PMC10073977 DOI: 10.4235/agmr.22.0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive frailty (CF) is a state of impairment in both cognitive and motor functions. The concept of CF has been developed in several ways. However, it is difficult to identify consistent neuroimaging findings according to the application of the operational definition of different frailty models within the same concept, as well as the diversity of the concept itself of CF. This study aimed to review neuroimaging studies of CF and to determine suitable imaging biomarkers of CF. White matter abnormalities (e.g., white matter hyperintensity and microbleeds) seem likely to be considered imaging biomarkers of CF. The volume of the cerebral/cerebellar cortex and that of the subcortical nuclei are also candidates of imaging biomarkers of CF. These imaging biomarkers are expected to be more useful in discriminating the need for screening CF in visitors of clinics or health examination centers than in detecting the presence of CF in community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaesub Park
- Department of Psychiatry, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
- Corresponding Author Woo Jung Kim, MD, PhD Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 363, Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin 16995, Korea E-mail:
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Kim KY, Park J, Jeong YH, Kim HJ, Lee E, Park JY, Kim E, Kim WJ. Plasma amyloid-beta oligomer is related to subjective cognitive decline and brain amyloid status. Alzheimers Res Ther 2022; 14:162. [PMID: 36324157 PMCID: PMC9632136 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-022-01104-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a target for Alzheimer’s disease prediction. Plasma amyloid-beta oligomer (AβO), the pathogenic form of Aβ in blood, has recently been proposed as a novel blood-based biomarker of AD prediction by representing brain Aβ deposition. The relationship between plasma AβO, brain Aβ deposition, and SCD in individuals with normal objective cognition has not been investigated. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed 126 participants with normal objective cognition. More SCD symptoms were expressed as higher scores of the Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire (SCDQ) and Memory Age-associated Complaint Questionnaire (MACQ). The plasma AβO level of each participant was measured twice for validation and expressed as a concentration (ng/mL) and a ratio relative to the mean value of two internal standards. Brain Aβ deposition was assessed by [18F] flutemetamol positron emission tomography (PET) and expressed as standard uptake value ratio (SUVR). Associations of SCDQ and MACQ with plasma AβO levels or SUVR were analyzed in multiple linear regression models. The association between plasma AβO level and flutemetamol PET positivity was assessed in logistic regression and receiver operative characteristic analyses. Results Overall, participants were 73.3 years old with female predominance (69.0%). After adjustment for confounders, high SCDQ and MACQ scores were associated with the high plasma AβO levels as both concentrations and ratios (ratios: standardized coefficient = 0.246 and p = 0.023 for SCDQ, standardized coefficient = 0.209 and p = 0.029 for MACQ; concentrations: standardized coefficient = 0.257 and p = 0.015 for SCDQ, standardized coefficient = 0.217 and p = 0.021 for MACQ). In contrast, SCDQ and MACQ were not significantly associated with SUVRs (p = 0.134 for SCDQ, p = 0.079 for MACQ). High plasma AβO levels were associated with flutemetamol PET (+) with an area under the curve of 0.694 (ratio) or 0.662 (concentration). Combined with APOE e4, plasma AβO presented area under the curves of 0.789 (ratio) and 0.783 (concentration). Conclusions Our findings indicate that the high plasma AβO level could serve as a potential surrogate biomarker of severe SCD and the presence of brain Aβ deposition in individuals with normal objective cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun You Kim
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.412479.dDepartment of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Government - Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesub Park
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.416665.60000 0004 0647 2391Department of Psychiatry, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyu Jeong
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Kim
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Lee
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Park
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 363, Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu, Gyeonggi Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Eosu Kim
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 363, Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu, Gyeonggi Yongin, Republic of Korea
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Xu XY, Moon SK, Kim JK, Kim WJ, Kim YJ, Kim H. Structural properties and anti-dermatitis effects of flavonoids-loaded gold nanoparticles prepared by Eupatorium japonicum. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1055378. [PMID: 36386212 PMCID: PMC9659597 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1055378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, green synthesis-based nanoformulations using plants or microorganisms have attracted great interest because of their several advantages. Nanotechnology-based biological macromolecules are emerging materials with potential applications in cosmetics and medications for ameliorating and treating inflammatory skin diseases (ISDs). Eupatorium japonicum (EJ), a native Korean medicinal plant belonging to the family Asteraceae, has been traditionally used to prepare prescriptions for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. EJ-based gold nanoparticles (EJ-AuNPs) were biosynthesized under optimal conditions and characterized their physicochemical properties using various microscopic and spectrometric techniques. Additionally, the effects of EJ-AuNPs on ISDs as well as their underlying mechanisms were investigated in the tumor necrosis factor-α/interferon-γ (T+I)-induced skin HaCaT keratinocytes. The MTT and live/dead cell staining assays showed that EJ-AuNP treatment was considerably safer than EJ treatment alone in HaCaT cells. Moreover, EJ-AuNP treatment effectively suppressed the production of T+I-stimulated inflammatory cytokines (RANTES, TARC, CTACK, IL-6, and IL-8) and intracellular reactive oxygen species, and such EJ-driven anti-inflammatory effects were shown to be associated with the downregulation of intracellular mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways. The present study provides preliminary results and a valuable strategy for developing novel anti-skin dermatitis drug candidates using plant extract-based gold nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Yue Xu
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, And College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
| | - Jin-Kyu Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yeon-Ju Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, And College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
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10
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Lee J, Ree J, Kim HJ, Kim HJ, Kim WJ, Choi TG, Lee S, Hong YK, Hong SB, Park YI. Anti-Apoptotic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of an Ethanolic Extract of Lycium chinense Root against Particulate Matter 10-Induced Cell Death and Inflammation in RBL-2H3 Basophil Cells and BALB/c Mice. Plants 2022; 11:plants11192485. [PMID: 36235350 PMCID: PMC9571895 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Particulate matters (PMs) from polluted air cause diverse pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases, including lung inflammation. While the fruits (Goji) of Lycium trees are commonly consumed as traditional medicine and functional food ingredients, the majority of their roots are discarded as by-products. To enhance the industrial applicability of Lycium roots, we prepared an ethanol extract (named GR30) of L. chinense Miller roots and evaluated its potential protective effects against particulate matter 10 (PM10)-induced inflammation and immune cell death. The GR30 treatment (0–500 μg/mL) significantly attenuated the PM10-induced cell cycle arrest, DNA fragmentation and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in RBL-2H3 basophil cells. GR30 also significantly antagonized the PM10-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, and TNF-α) and COX2 expression through downregulation of MAPKs (ERK and JNK) signalling pathway. Oral administration of GR30 (200–400 mg/kg) to PM10 (20 mg/mL)-challenged mice significantly reduced the serum levels of IgE and the expression of TNF-α and Bax in lung tissues, which were elevated by PM10 exposure. These results revealed that the ethanolic extract (GR30) of L. chinense Miller roots exhibited anti-inflammatory and cyto-protective activity against PM10-induced inflammation and basophil cell death, and thus, it would be useful in functional food industries to ameliorate PM-mediated damage to respiratory and immune systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisun Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jin Ree
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hyeon Jeong Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Tae Gyu Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Sanghyun Lee
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Yun Ki Hong
- Biomix Co., Ltd., Goyang-si 10442, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | | | - Yong Il Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2164-4512; Fax: +82-2-2164-4846
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11
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Kang M, Lee DB, Kwon S, Lee E, Kim WJ. Effectiveness of Nootropics in Combination with Cholinesterase Inhibitors on Cognitive Function in Mild-to-Moderate Dementia: A Study Using Real-World Data. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11164661. [PMID: 36012898 PMCID: PMC9409895 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11164661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical benefits of nootropics in the treatment of cognitive decline has been either limited or controversial. This study aimed to observe the effectiveness of cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) and nootropics combination in the treatment of cognitive impairment in dementia. Data were based on electronic medical records in a university health system. Patients with mild-to-moderate dementia and no history of prior cognitive enhancer use were included (n = 583). The subjects were categorized into the ChEI only group and the ChEI and nootropics combination group. The primary outcome measure was the change in cognitive function, as assessed by the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) from baseline to 300–400 days after the first ChEI prescription. Subsequent analyses were conducted in consideration of the dementia type, medical adherence, and type of nootropics. The changes in MMSE scores from baseline to endpoint were not significantly different between the two groups. In Alzheimer’s dementia, the combination group showed significantly less deterioration in MMSE language subscale scores compared to the ChEI only group (F = 6.86, p = 0.009), and the difference was consistent in the highly adherent subjects (F = 10.16, p = 0.002). The choline alfoscerate and the ginkgo biloba extract subgroups in Alzheimer’s dementia showed more significant improvements in the MMSE language subscale scores compared to the other nootropics subgroup (F = 7.04, p = 0.001). The present study showed that the effectiveness of ChEI and nootropics combination on cognition may appear differently according to the dementia type. This emphasizes the need for well-controlled studies to generalize the effectiveness of nootropics across various clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjae Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Dan Bee Lee
- Medical Information Team, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Korea
| | - Sungchan Kwon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Eun Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Medical Information Team, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Ha J, Son NH, Park YH, Lee E, Kim E, Jung Kim W. Association of cognitive enhancers and incident seizure risk in dementia: a population-based study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:480. [PMID: 35658833 PMCID: PMC9166339 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03120-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Although individuals with dementia have a high risk of developing seizures, whether seizures are associated with cholinesterase inhibitors, which are commonly prescribed to treat individuals with dementia, remains unknown. This study investigated the risk of incident seizure following cholinesterase inhibitor use in patients with dementia.
Methods
A nationwide, nested case-control study was conducted using data from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) from 2014 through 2018. A total of 13,767 participants aged 65–95 years who experienced incident seizure were propensity score-matched for medical comorbidities and drug exposure at a 1:3 ratio with a control group of 39,084 participants. The study examined the incidence of seizures in patients diagnosed with dementia within one year after receiving cognitive enhancers. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for seizure incidence according to cholinesterase inhibitor use were analyzed using a multivariable conditional logistic regression model.
Results
There was no statistically significant association between duration of cholinesterase inhibitors use and seizure risk. Although there was slight increased seizure risk in patient after receiving donepezil for 1 year compared to memantine, subgroup analyses stratified age and sex did not reveal any significant association between cholinesterase inhibitors use and late-onset seizure.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest no immediate increase in seizure risk is associated with cholinesterase inhibitor use, although the risk of seizure in patients with dementia did increase after one year of continued medication intake. Further study is required to obtain confirmatory results on the seizure-related safety of cognitive enhancers in patients with dementia.
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Jo K, Kim S, Yu KW, Chung YB, Kim WJ, Suh HJ, Kim H. Changes in the component sugar and immunostimulating activity of polysaccharides isolated from Dendrobium officinale in the pretreatments. J Sci Food Agric 2022; 102:3021-3028. [PMID: 34775614 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To isolate polysaccharides with enhanced immunostimulatory activity from Dendrobium officinale, which is used as a herbal medicine in China and Southeast Asia, D. officinale (DO) was pretreated with organic solvents (DOOS) or puffing at 7.5 and 9.0 kgf (7.5DO and 9DO). Hot-water extracts (DOOS-HW, 7.5DO-HW and 9DO-HW) were prepared from each pretreated DO, along with non-pretreated DO, and crude polysaccharides (DO-CP, DOOS-CP, 7.5DO-CP and 9DO-CP) were fractionated from each hot-water extract using ethanol (five volumes). RESULTS When their immunostimulatory activities were compared by macrophage stimulation and intestinal immune system modulation via Peyer's patches, DOOS-CP showed more potent activity than DO-CP. However, crude polysaccharides fractionated from puffed DO showed significantly lower activity than non-puffed DO and DOOS. The most active polysaccharide contained 95% or more neutral sugar, and the composition ratio of mannose and glucose was 3.0, whereas the lowest polysaccharide content was 2.0 or less. In addition, DOOS-CP was a somewhat refined fraction containing a major peak, representing a molecular weight of 250 kDa, despite being a crude polysaccharide. CONCLUSION These results suggest that pretreatment of D. officinale with organic solvents may enhance the immunostimulatory activity of polysaccharides and affect the mannose/glucose ratio of polysaccharides, which plays an important role in immunostimulation. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungae Jo
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Singeun Kim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Won Yu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Bae Chung
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research and Development Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joo Suh
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- College of Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
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14
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Jo YS, Ko HS, Kim AY, Jo HG, Kim WJ, Choi SK. Effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the proliferation and differentiation of placental cells. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2022; 20:47. [PMID: 35260167 PMCID: PMC8903636 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-022-00920-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) other than bisphenol A (BPA) and BPA substitutes on placental cells. METHODS HTR-8/SVneo cells were treated with anthracene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, and 4,4-(9-fluorenylidene)diphenol, which is used as a substitute for BPA-free products. After confirming the dose response for each reagent using the prepared cells, the cells were incubated for 24, 48, and 72 h. Cell viability was confirmed using the XTT assay. Each experiment was performed with the minimum number of samples (n = 3) required for statistical analysis. The results were analyzed using t-tests; p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS After treatment with anthracene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, and 4,4-(9-fluorenylidene)diphenol, the absorbance measured using the XTT assay decreased significantly with increasing concentration. The absorbance decreased significantly over time following treatment with each endocrine disruptor at the concentration confirmed by the dose-response analysis. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that anthracene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, and 4,4-(9-fluorenylidene)diphenol-a BPA substitute-affect cell viability and necrosis in the placental cell line. The study indicates the serious effects of PAHs that negatively affect pregnancy but were previously unknown. Further, this study would serve as a reference for the identification of harmful PAHs during pregnancy prognosis in women who are more susceptible to PAH exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sung Jo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sun Ko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah Young Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Gyeong Jo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Kyung Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Noh Y, Choe SA, Kim WJ, Shin JY. Discontinuation and re-initiation of antidepressants during pregnancy: A nationwide cohort study. J Affect Disord 2022; 298:500-507. [PMID: 34728291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women tend to discontinue antidepressants during pregnancy. We examined the rate of and factors associated with antidepressant discontinuation and re-initiation during pregnancy. METHODS We conducted a nationwide cohort study using Korea's healthcare database. The study cohort included women who were aged 15-50 years, gave birth during 2013-2017, had ≥1 depression diagnosis, ≥2 antidepressant prescriptions within 6 months (one within one month of preconception). Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate factors associated with antidepressant discontinuation and re-initiation during pregnancy. RESULTS Among 5207 pregnancies, 4954 (95.1%) discontinued antidepressants during pregnancy, which included 4657 (89.4%) in the first trimester, 1810 (38.9%) of whom re-initiated them during pregnancy or postpartum period. The risk of antidepressant discontinuation increased in women with substance-related disorders (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.01-1.35), but decreased in women receiving medical aid (0.53, 0.46-0.62) and patients suggestive of severe depression, such as psychiatric comorbidities and long-term antidepressant use before pregnancy. Antidepressant re-initiation occurred frequently in medical aid recipients (1.25, 1.06-1.47), nulliparous women (1.11, 1.01-1.22), and women with severe symptoms. CONCLUSIONS We found high rates of antidepressant discontinuation and re-initiation during pregnancy. Although women suggestive of severe symptoms were less likely to discontinue antidepressants during pregnancy, they were more likely to re-initiate them during their perinatal period, which warrants more detailed guidelines on perinatal depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunha Noh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeong gi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ah Choe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeong gi-do 16419, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
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Jang S, Choi SW, Son SJ, Oh J, Ha J, Kim WJ, Roh HW, Kim KY, Lee S, Jung E, Cha W, Chae H, Kang S, Kwon JH, Kim IY, Lee JY, Shin HK, Ryu JS, Ahn R, Hong CH, Seok JH. Virtual reality-based monitoring test for MCI: A multicenter feasibility study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1057513. [PMID: 36741575 PMCID: PMC9891464 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1057513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As the significance of the early diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has emerged, it is necessary to develop corresponding screening tools with high ecological validity and feasible biomarkers. Virtual reality (VR)-based cognitive assessment program, which is close to the daily life of the older adults, can be suitable screening tools for MCI with ecological validity and accessibility. Meanwhile, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) has been observed at a low concentration in the older adults with dementia or cognitive decline, indicating its potential as a biomarker of MCI. This study aimed to determine the efficacy and usability of a VR cognitive assessment program and salivary DHEA for screening MCI. METHODS The VR cognitive assessment program and the traditional Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) test were performed on 12 patients with MCI and 108 healthy older adults. The VR program operates in a situation of caring for a grandchild, and evaluates the memory, attention, visuospatial, and executive functions. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), a partial correlation analysis, and receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were conducted for statistical analysis. RESULTS According to the ANCOVA, no significant difference in MOCA scores was found between the normal and MCI groups (F = 2.36, p = 0.127). However, the VR total score of the MCI group was significantly lower than that of the normal group (F = 8.674, p = 0.004). There was a significant correlation between the MOCA and VR scores in the total and matched subdomain scores. The ROC curve analysis also showed a larger area under the curve (AUC) for the VR test (0.765) than for the MOCA test (0.598), and the sensitivity and specificity of the VR program were 0.833 and 0.722, respectively. Salivary DHEA was correlated with VR total (R 2 = 0.082, p = 0.01) and attention scores (R 2 = 0.086, p = 0.009). CONCLUSION The VR cognitive test was as effective as the traditional MOCA test in the MCI classification and safe enough for older adults to perform, indicating its potential as a diagnostic tool. It has also been shown that salivary DHEA can be used as a biomarker for MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooah Jang
- Research Institute of Minds.AI, Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Woo Choi
- Research Institute of Minds.AI, Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Joon Son
- Department of Psychiatry, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooyoung Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghee Ha
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woong Roh
- Department of Psychiatry, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun You Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - San Lee
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjin Jung
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojin Cha
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heonjoo Chae
- FNIKorea Co., Ltd., Gwacheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Suzi Kang
- FNIKorea Co., Ltd., Gwacheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kwon
- Research Institute of Minds.AI, Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Young Kim
- Research Institute of Minds.AI, Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Yeal Lee
- Research Institute of Minds.AI, Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kyung Shin
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sun Ryu
- Research Institute of Minds.AI, Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryunsup Ahn
- Research Institute of Minds.AI, Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyung Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Seok
- Research Institute of Minds.AI, Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim WJ, Lee SJ, Lee E, Lee EY, Han K. Risk of Incident Dementia According to Glycemic Status and Comorbidities of Hyperglycemia: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:134-141. [PMID: 34711638 DOI: 10.2337/dc21-0957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk of incident dementia according to fasting glucose levels and presence of comorbidities. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using a health insurance claims database and the results of biennial health examinations in South Korea, we selected 8,400,950 subjects aged ≥40 years who underwent health examinations in 2009-2010. We followed them until 2016. Subjects' baseline characteristics were categorized by presence of diabetes (yes/no) and glycemic status as normoglycemia, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), new-onset diabetes, or known diabetes (duration <5 years or ≥5 years). We estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for dementia occurrence in each category. RESULTS During the observation period of 48,323,729 person-years, all-cause dementia developed in 353,392 subjects (4.2%). Compared with normoglycemia, aHRs (95% CI) were 1.01 (1.01-1.02) in IFG, 1.45 (1.44-1.47) in new-onset diabetes, 1.32 (1.30-1.33) in known diabetes <5 years, and 1.62 (1.60-1.64) in known diabetes ≥5 years. We found that associations between ischemic heart disease and chronic kidney disease with incident dementia were affected by the presence of diabetes. Ischemic stroke showed a greater association with incident dementia than diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Mild degrees of hyperglycemia and presence of comorbidities were associated with incident dementia. Intervention during the prodromal stage of a chronic disease (e.g., prediabetes) could be considered for dementia prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Jung Kim
- 1Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Republic of Korea.,2Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Jung Lee
- 3Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Lee
- 2Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,4Department of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- 5Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- 6Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ahn Y, Han SH, Kim MG, Hong KB, Kim WJ, Suh HJ, Jo K. Anti-depressant effects of ethanol extract from Cannabis sativa (hemp) seed in chlorpromazine-induced Drosophila melanogaster depression model. Pharm Biol 2021; 59:998-1007. [PMID: 34362287 PMCID: PMC8354181 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1949356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Depression is a severe mental illness caused by a deficiency of dopamine and serotonin. Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae) has long been used to treat pain, nausea, and depression. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the anti-depressant effects of C. sativa (hemp) seed ethanol extract (HE) in chlorpromazine (CPZ)-induced Drosophila melanogaster depression model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The normal group was untreated, and the control group was treated with CPZ (0.1% of media) for 7 days. The experimental groups were treated with a single HE treatment (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% of media) and a mixture of 0.1% CPZ and HE for 7 days. The locomotor activity, behavioural patterns, depression-related gene expression, and neurotransmitters level of flies were investigated. RESULTS The behavioural patterns of individual flies were significantly reduced with 0.1% CPZ treatment. In contrast, combination treatment of 1.5% HE and 0.1% CPZ significantly increased subjective daytime activity (p < 0.001) and behavioural factors (p < 0.001). These results correlate with increased transcript levels of dopamine (p < 0.001) and serotonin (p < 0.05) receptors and concentration of dopamine (p < 0.05), levodopa (p < 0.001), 5-HTP (p < 0.05), and serotonin (p < 0.001) compared to those in the control group. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Collectively, HE administration alleviates depression-like symptoms by modulating the circadian rhythm-related behaviours, transcript levels of neurotransmitter receptors, and neurotransmitter levels in the CPZ-induced Drosophila model. However, additional research is needed to investigate the role of HE administration in behavioural patterns, reduction of the neurotransmitter, and signalling pathways of depression in a vertebrate model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Ahn
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hee Han
- Institute of Human Behavior & Genetic, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Guk Kim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Bae Hong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accerlerator, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joo Suh
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungae Jo
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- CONTACT Kyungae Jo Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Cho SM, Kim S, Kim WJ, Suh HJ, Hong KB. The effect of explosive puffing process after fermentation on ginsenosides conversion. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Kim WJ, Li J, Oh IS, Song I, Lee E, Namkoong K, Shin JY. Benzodiazepine Use and Risk of Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma: A Population-Based Case-Crossover Study. Drug Saf 2021; 43:539-547. [PMID: 32034700 DOI: 10.1007/s40264-020-00914-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Theoretically, benzodiazepines (BZDs) can narrow the iridocorneal angle and induce acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG). However, little evidence exists regarding this association. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess whether the use of BZDs is associated with the risk of AACG. METHODS We conducted a population-based case-crossover study using the nationwide claims database of the National Health Insurance Service in Korea. Patients with newly diagnosed AACG-between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2016-who had received at least one BZD prescription prior to AACG diagnosis were enrolled. The date of AACG diagnosis was set as the index date. We assessed BZD use by each patient during a 30-day case period prior to the index date and three consecutive control periods that preceded this date. We used conditional logistic regression that adjusted for concomitant medications to determine the odds ratio for the use of BZDs in the case period compared with that in the control period in patients with incident AACG. RESULTS Of the 11,093 patients with incident AACG, 6709 received a prescription for BZD prior to diagnosis. BZD use was associated with an increased risk of AACG [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.40; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.27-1.54]. AACG risk was similar for short-acting (aOR = 1.40, 95% CI 1.24-1.57) and long-acting BZDs (aOR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.18-1.50). CONCLUSION We found that BZD use was associated with AACG risk in the Korean population. Clinicians should carefully monitor the occurrence of visual disturbance in BZD-treated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junqing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sun Oh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Inmyung Song
- Department of Health Administration, Kongju National University College of Nursing and Health, Gongju-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Lee
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Namkoong
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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Baek JY, Lee E, Kim WJ, Jang IY, Jung HW. A Cumulative Muscle Index and Its Parameters for Predicting Future Cognitive Decline: Longitudinal Outcomes of the ASPRA Cohort. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18147350. [PMID: 34299801 PMCID: PMC8303449 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia and cognitive decline share the major risk factors of physical inactivity; previous studies have shown inconsistent associations. We aimed to identify the association of sarcopenia and its parameters with cognitive decline. The 3-year longitudinal outcomes of 1327 participants from the Aging Study of the Pyeongchang Rural Area (ASPRA) cohort were analyzed. Cognitive performance was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and sarcopenia was defined by the following: the original and revised Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), the original and revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), and the Cumulative Muscle Index (CMI), a novel index based on the number of impaired domains of sarcopenia. Approximately half of the participants showed meaningful cognitive decline. Sarcopenia by the original EWGSOP and the CMI were associated with cognitive decline. Only the CMI showed consistent predictability for cognitive impairment even with different criteria of the MMSE score (OR 1.23 [1.04-1.46]; OR 1.34 [1.12-1.59]; OR 1.22 [1.01-1.49], using the 1, 2, and 3 cut-off value, respectively). Of the CMI parameters, gait speed was satisfactorily predictive of 3-year cognitive impairment (OR 0.54 [0.30-0.97]). In conclusion, sarcopenia based on the CMI may be predictive of future cognitive impairment. Gait speed was the single most important indicator of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeon Baek
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-Y.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Eunju Lee
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-Y.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Korea;
| | - Il-Young Jang
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-Y.B.); (E.L.)
- Correspondence: (I.-Y.J.); (H.-W.J.); Tel.: +82-2-3010-1658 (I.-Y.J.); +82-2-3010-1852 (H.-W.J.)
| | - Hee-Won Jung
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-Y.B.); (E.L.)
- Correspondence: (I.-Y.J.); (H.-W.J.); Tel.: +82-2-3010-1658 (I.-Y.J.); +82-2-3010-1852 (H.-W.J.)
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Kang J, Oh YM, Lee JH, Kim EK, Lim SY, Kim WJ, Yoon HI, Kim TH, Park TS, Kim SO, Lee SW, Lee SD, Lee JS. Distinctive patterns of pulmonary function change according to baseline lung volume and diffusing capacity. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 24:597-605. [PMID: 32553011 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.19.0401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING: Multicentre retrospective study in South Korea.OBJECTIVE: To longitudinally evaluate changes in lung volume and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) with forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1).DESIGN: A total of 155 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), whose pulmonary function parameters were measured annually for 5 years, were selected from a prospective cohort in South Korea. A random coefficients model was used to estimate mean annual FEV1, lung volume parameter and DLCO change rates.RESULTS: Patients were classified into four groups based on baseline DLCO and residual volume/total lung capacity (RV/TLC) measurements. The annual FEV1 decline rate was greater in patients with low DLCO than in those with normal DLCO, with the greatest decline occurring in patients with low DLCO and normal RV/TLC. RV and RV/TLC declined in patients with high RV/TLC, whereas these increased in patients with normal RV/TLC. DLCO decreased longitudinally in all four groups, with the greatest decline occurring in patients with normal DLCO and normal RV/TLC.CONCLUSIONS: Different subgroups of patients with COPD exhibited distinctive pulmonary function change patterns. Baseline DLCO and RV/TLC may be used as physiological markers to predict long-term changes in pulmonary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y-M Oh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J-H Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bundang CHA Hospital, College of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam
| | - E K Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bundang CHA Hospital, College of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam
| | - S Y Lim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon
| | - H I Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam
| | - T-H Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri
| | - T S Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri
| | - S O Kim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S W Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S-D Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J S Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
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Youn H, Lee KJ, Kim SG, Cho SJ, Kim WJ, Lee WJ, Hwang JY, Han C, Shin C, Jung HY. The Behavioral Effects of Combination Therapy of Memantine and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Compared with Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Alone in Patients with Moderate Alzheimer's Dementia: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Psychiatry Investig 2021; 18:233-240. [PMID: 33685036 PMCID: PMC8016683 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2020.0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate treatment effects of combination therapy of memantine and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AchEIs) compared with AchEIs alone on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in patients with moderate Alzheimer's dementia (AD). METHODS This was a 12-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 148 patients with moderate AD participated in this study. Mini-Mental State Examination, Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), Clinician's Interview-Based Impression of Change plus caregiver input, Gottfries-Bråne-Steen Scale, and Zarit Burden Interview were used as assessment scales. RESULTS There were no significant differences in age, sex, or education between AChEIs alone and combination groups. The combination group showed significantly more improvement of NPI-disinhibition score (0.76±2.15) than the AChEIs alone group (-0.14±1.71) after 12 weeks. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the combination therapy of memantine and AchEIs might be a beneficial option for reducing disinhibition symptoms of patients with moderate AD compared with AchEIs alone. We believe that clinicians need to consider additional memantine treatment when patients with moderate AD complain disinhibition symptom. A larger clinical trial is needed to further determine the efficacy and advantages of such combination therapy of memantine and AchEIs for treating BPSD of patients with moderate AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyunChul Youn
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Joon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Ilsanpaik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Gyeom Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Joon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yeon Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsu Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolmin Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Yong Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
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Choi IY, Kim SY, Chang JG, Song HR, Kim WJ, Lee SY, Kim HS, Hong M. Lethality-Associated Factors in Deliberate Self-Poisoning. Soa Chongsonyon Chongsin Uihak 2021; 32:17-27. [PMID: 33424238 PMCID: PMC7788670 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.200034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Deliberate self-poisoning (DSP) is the most common suicide method and can be life-threatening. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors related to the lethality of DSP and the characteristics of the adolescent group. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on patients who had visited an academic hospital’s regional emergency medical center between 2015 and 2018. The data reviewed through their medical records included sociodemographic factors, clinical variables, and psychiatric treatment. Four groups (Q1–Q4) were categorized by descriptive analysis using the risk-rescue rating scale. Results A total of 491 patients were enrolled in this study. This study showed that high lethality had statistically significant associa-tions with male sex, older age, admitting suicidal intentions, and the use of herbicides for suicide. Logistic regression analyses showed a significant association between high-lethality and female [odds ratio (OR)=0.50, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.30–0.81, p=0.01], non-psychiatric drugs (over-the-counter drug: OR=2.49, 95% CI=1.08–5.74, p=0.03; herbicide: OR=8.65, 95% CI=3.91–19.13, p<0.01), and denial of suicide intent (OR=0.28, 95% CI=0.15–0.55, p<0.01). Conclusion This study showed the clinical factors associated with the high lethality of DSP and suggested that efforts were needed to care for and thoroughly examine patients with DSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Young Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sun-Young Kim
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jhin Goo Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hoo Rim Song
- Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Youngin, Korea
| | - Su Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Minha Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
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Kong B, Ko MA, Chang JG, Hong M, Kim WJ, Lee SY, Kim H, Song HR. The Differences in Sleep Skills between Insomnia Patients with and without Need of Hypnotics. Sleep Med Res 2020. [DOI: 10.17241/smr.2020.00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Jeong HE, Jeon HL, Oh IS, Kim WJ, Shin JY. Risk of mortality associated with concomitant antidepressant and benzodiazepine therapy among patients with depression: a population-based cohort study. BMC Med 2020; 18:387. [PMID: 33292197 PMCID: PMC7724883 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01854-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With antidepressants (ADs) having minimal therapeutic effects during the initial weeks of treatment, benzodiazepines (BZDs) are concomitantly used to alleviate depressive symptoms of insomnia or anxiety. However, with mortality risks associated with this concomitant use yet to be examined, it remains unclear as to whether this concomitant therapy offers any benefits in treating depression. METHODS We conducted a population-based cohort study using South Korea's nationwide healthcare database from 2002 to 2017. Of 2.6 million patients with depression, we identified 612,729 patients with incident depression and newly prescribed ADs or BZDs, by excluding those with a record of diagnosis or prescription within the 2 years prior to their incident diagnosis. We classified our study cohort into two discrete groups depending on the type of AD treatment received within 6 months of incident diagnosis-AD monotherapy and AD plus BZD (AD+BZD) therapy. We matched our study cohort in a 1:1 ratio using propensity scores to balance baseline characteristics and obtain comparability among groups. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and patients were followed until the earliest of outcome occurrence or end of the study period. We conducted multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis to estimate adjusted hazards ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of mortality associated with AD+BZD therapy versus AD monotherapy. RESULTS The propensity score-matched cohort had 519,780 patients with 259,890 patients in each group, where all baseline characteristics were well-balanced between the two groups. Compared to AD monotherapy, AD+BZD therapy was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.06). CONCLUSIONS Concomitantly initiating BZDs with ADs was associated with a moderately increased risk of mortality. Clinicians should therefore exercise caution when deciding to co-prescribe BZDs with ADs in treating depression, as associated risks were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Eol Jeong
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Ha-Lim Jeon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - In-Sun Oh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. .,Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Ju-Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. .,Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Kim H, Jeon B, Kim WJ, Chung DK. Effect of paraprobiotic prepared from Kimchi-derived Lactobacillus plantarum K8 on skin moisturizing activity in human keratinocyte. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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Abstract
Patients with cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) caused by mutations in RUNX2 have severe dental anomalies, including delayed or absent eruption of permanent teeth. This requires painful and expensive surgical/orthodontic intervention because of the absence of medicine for this condition. Here, we demonstrate that nicotinamide, a vitamin B3 and class III histone deacetylase inhibitor, significantly improves delayed tooth eruption in Runx2+/- mice, a well-known CCD animal model, through the restoration of decreased osteoclastogenesis. We also found that Csf1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly reduced in Runx2+/- osteoblasts as compared with wild type whereas RANKL and OPG levels had no significant difference between wild type and Runx2+/- osteoblasts. The nicotinamide-induced restoration of osteoclastogenesis of bone marrow-derived macrophages in Runx2+/- mice was due to the increased expression of RUNX2 and CSF1 and increased RANKL/OPG ratio. RUNX2 directly regulated Csf1 mRNA expression via binding to the promoter region of the Csf1 gene. In addition, nicotinamide enhanced the RUNX2 protein level and transacting activity posttranslationally with Sirt2 inhibition. Taken together, our study shows the potential and underlying molecular mechanism of nicotinamide for the treatment of delayed tooth eruption by using the Runx2+/- murine model, suggesting nicotinamide as a candidate therapeutic drug for dental abnormalities in patients with CCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoon
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H R Shin
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B S Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y D Cho
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H M Ryoo
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Newall AT, Leong RNF, Nazareno A, Muscatello DJ, Wood JG, Kim WJ. Delay-adjusted age- and sex-specific case fatality rates for COVID-19 in South Korea: Evolution in the estimated risk of mortality throughout the epidemic. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 101:306-311. [PMID: 33011281 PMCID: PMC7529598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to estimate delay-adjusted case fatality rates (CFRs) for COVID-19 in South Korea, and evaluate how these estimates have evolved over time throughout the epidemic. Methods Public data from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) were used to estimate age- and sex-specific CFRs for COVID-19 in South Korea up to June 12, 2020. We applied statistical methods previously developed to adjust for the delay between diagnosis and death, and presented both delay-adjusted and crude (unadjusted) CFRs throughout the epidemic. Results The overall estimated delay-adjusted CFR was 2.39% (3.05% for males and 1.92% for females). Within each age strata where deaths were reported, males were found to have significantly higher CFRs than females. The estimated CFRs increased substantially from age 60 years in males and from 70 years in females. Both the delay-adjusted and crude CFRs were found to have evolved substantially, particularly early in the epidemic, converging only from mid-April 2020. Conclusions The CFRs for South Korea provide an estimate of mortality risk in a setting where case ascertainment is likely to be more complete. The evolution in CFRs throughout the epidemic highlights the need for caution when interpreting CFRs calculated at a given time point.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Newall
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - R N F Leong
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - A Nazareno
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - D J Muscatello
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - J G Wood
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Jeong HE, Oh IS, Kim WJ, Shin JY. Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Associated with Concomitant Use of Antidepressants and Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs: A Retrospective Cohort Study. CNS Drugs 2020; 34:1063-1074. [PMID: 32737794 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-020-00750-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both antidepressants and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been reported to affect platelet aggregation, blood pressure and heart rate. Despite the high prevalence of the combined use of antidepressants and NSAIDs, there is limited evidence on the potential risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) associated with their use. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the association between concomitant antidepressant and NSAID use and MACE. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using South Korea's nationwide healthcare database. The study cohort was defined as those with new prescriptions for antidepressants and NSAIDs between 2004 and 2015. Exposure was assessed as time varying into four discrete periods: non-use, antidepressant use, NSAID use and concomitant use. Our primary outcome was MACE, a composite of haemorrhagic and thromboembolic events; secondary outcomes were the individual events of MACE. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate hazards ratios with 95% confidence intervals. We also performed subgroup analyses by class of antidepressant/type of NSAIDs, age and sex. RESULTS From 240,982 patients, 235,080, 4393 and 1509 patients were users of NSAIDs, antidepressants or both drugs at cohort entry, respectively. The cohort generated 2.1 million person-years of follow-up with 22,453 events of MACE (incidence rate 1.07 per 100 person-years). Compared with non-use, concomitant use (hazard ratio 1.13, 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.26) and NSAID-only use (1.05, 1.001-1.10) were positively associated with MACE, while antidepressant-only use showed a negative association (0.91, 0.83-0.99). Concomitant use increased the individual risk of haemorrhagic stroke (1.46, 1.06-2.00), ischaemic stroke (1.22, 1.07-1.38) and heart failure (1.19, 1.02-1.38), but showed a protective effect on cardiovascular deaths (0.36, 0.21-0.62). Of the six possible combinations of antidepressants and NSAIDs by their classes, only concomitant use of tricyclic antidepressants and non-selective NSAIDs was positively associated with MACE (1.26, 1.09-1.47). The risk of MACE remained elevated with concomitant use among those aged ≥ 45 years (1.14, 1.01-1.29) and male patients (1.19, 1.01-1.42). CONCLUSIONS Concomitant use of antidepressants and NSAIDs moderately elevated the risk of MACE, of which the observed risk appears to be driven by the concomitant use of tricyclic antidepressants and non-selective NSAIDs. Thus, healthcare providers should take precaution when co-prescribing these drugs, weighing the potential benefits and risks associated with their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Eol Jeong
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, South Korea
| | - In-Sun Oh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, South Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Ju-Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, South Korea.
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Suh MG, Choi HS, Cho K, Park SS, Kim WJ, Suh HJ, Kim H. Anti-inflammatory action of herbal medicine comprised of Scutellaria baicalensis and Chrysanthemum morifolium. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1799-1809. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1769464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Various mixtures were prepared depending on the mixing ratio of Scutellaria baicalensis hot water extract (SB-HW), and Chrysanthemum morifolium ethanol extract (CM-E) and their anti-inflammatory activity were compared. Among them, SB-HW (80 μg/mL)/CM-E (120 μg/mL) or SB-HW (40 μg/mL)/CM-E (160 μg/mL) significantly inhibited LPS-stimulated NO and IL-6 levels in RAW 264.7 cells. The SB-HW (80 μg/mL)/CM-E (120 μg/mL) mixture, which was determined as active mixture, significantly reduced MUC5AC secretion in PMA and LPS-induced NCI-H292 cells. The active mixture also reduced the production of PGE2 and IL-8 in PMA-induced A549 cells. LC-MS/MS analysis showed that the active mixture was composed of high contents of flavone glycosides, such as baicalin and cynaroside. Western blot analysis indicated that the active mixture suppressed phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38, associating with the inhibition of MAPK signaling. Taken together, our results suggest that the active mixture could be applied as a new anti-inflammatory herbal medicine.
Abbreviations
JNK: c-Jun N-terminal kinases; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CM: Chrysanthemum morifolium; COX-2: cyclooxygenase-2; ERK: extracellular-signal-regulated kinase; IL-6: interleukin-6; IL-8: interleukin-8; IL-12: interleukin-12; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; NO: nitric oxide; NK- κB: nuclear factor kappa B; p38: p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases; PBS: phosphate buffered saline; PMA: phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate; SB: Scutellaria baicalensis; PGE2: prostaglandin E2; TBST: Tris-buffered saline containing 0.1% Tween 20; TIC: total ion chromatogram; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Geun Suh
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Son Choi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungwon Cho
- R&D center, Chong Kun Dang Healthcare Corporation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Sun Park
- R&D center, Chong Kun Dang Healthcare Corporation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joo Suh
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Skin-biotechnology Center, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Park S, Choi WJ, Kim S, Kim B, Son SJ, Roh D, Kim WJ, Park JY. Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation using miniaturized devices vs sertraline for depression in Korea: A 6 week, multicenter, randomized, double blind, active-controlled study. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 127:42-47. [PMID: 32464489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We compared the efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) vs. Sertraline in the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in South Korean participants. This was a multi-center, double blind, active controlled study with non-inferiority testing. Patients were randomly assigned to receive tDCS (n = 45) or Sertraline (n = 47). tDCS was administered in 30-min, 2 mA prefrontal stimulation sessions for 10 consecutive weekdays, followed by 2 treatments at 4 and 6 weeks. Sertraline was administered at a dose of 50 mg per day for 6 weeks. The primary outcome measure was a change in the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score at six weeks. Mean MADRS scores decreased by 14.58 ± 8.51 points in the tDCS group and 12.32 ± 8.56 points in the Sertraline group. There was no significant main effect of group (p = 0.5877) or time by group interaction across weeks 0, 3, and 6 (p = 0.1539). Noninferiority of tDCS compared with Sertraline was not demonstrated. The mean difference between the Sertraline and tDCS group was -2.258 (95% confidence interval [CI], -5.795 to 1.27811), and the lower boundary of the CI was lower than the prespecified noninferiority margin of -3.56. There were no significant group differences in the rate of adverse events. In the present study, the noninferiority of tDCS to Sertraline for the treatment of depression was not found in this Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunyoung Park
- Department of Psychiatry, National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Jung Choi
- Gangnam Yonsei Psychiatry Clinic, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejoo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Borah Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Joon Son
- Department of Psychiatry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeyoung Roh
- Mind-neuromodulation Laboratory and Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea; Center for Digital Health, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Jin Young Park
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea; Center for Digital Health, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea.
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Choi SW, Kim WJ. Vocal Cord and Diaphragmatic Paralysis in a Patient With Bilateral Mediastinal Neurofibromatosis Type 1. Ear Nose Throat J 2020; 100:1010S-1011S. [PMID: 32529900 DOI: 10.1177/0145561320933959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Won Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Radiology, Daedong Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Baek YH, Kim HJ, Bae JH, Lee H, Oh IS, Kim WJ, Shin JY. Benzodiazepine-Related Cognitive Impairment or Dementia: A Signal Detection Study Using a Case/Non-Case Approach. Psychiatry Investig 2020; 17:587-595. [PMID: 32450620 PMCID: PMC7324737 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2019.0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The association between benzodiazepine use and the risk of cognitive impairment or dementia has been controversial. Our study aims to detect this association through a case/non-case method using the Korea Institute of Drug Safety & Risk Management-Korea adverse event reporting system database (KIDS-KD) between 2007 and 2016. METHODS Cases were adverse event (AE)-pairs with suspected cognitive impairment or dementia. 10 non-cases were matched to each case on age and sex. Exposure was defined as use of benzodiazepines, including long-, intermediate-, and short-acting benzodiazepine. We conducted multivariable logistic regression analyses to estimate reporting odds ratios (ROR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Of the 1,086,584 AE-pairs, 887 cases were suspected AE-pairs of cognitive impairment or dementia, and 775,444 non-cases were selected. Benzodiazepine use was associated with increased AE-pairs of cognitive impairment or dementia when assessed using those with certain, probable, and/or possible in causality assessments (ROR=2.69, 95% CI=1.66-4.38). Higher ROR estimates were shown in female (2.33, 1.48-3.67) and in those with polypharmacy (2.20, 1.35-3.57). Dementia safety profiles were inconsistent across individual benzodiazepine components. CONCLUSION These results suggest the potentially increased association between benzodiazepine use and cognitive impairment or dementia in female and those with polypharmacy. Inconsistent safety profiles of benzodiazepine components should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Hee Baek
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hwan Bae
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesung Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sun Oh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Lee S, Lee S, Lee E, Youm Y, Cho HS, Kim WJ. Gender differences in social network of cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20:467-473. [PMID: 32162423 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM A social network, which is a set of people connected through socially meaningful relationships, is considered protective for neurocognitive disorders. Men and women have been found to have different opportunities for social participation and it is possible social networks do not form the same way. We hypothesized, male and female social networks would have different protective influences on cognitive function. METHODS The Korean Social Life, Health, and Aging Project, a cohort study involving health examination and social network survey among adults aged ≥60 years in South Korea was conducted from 2014 to 2015. In total, 501 participants (208 men and 293 women) were included in the study. Through face-to-face sessions, participants were asked to answer questionnaires about general characteristics, depressive symptoms, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), social activity, cognitive function and social network variables (degree, betweenness, and closeness centrality and brokerage roles). Multiple linear regression models were used to investigate whether cognitive functions of men and women are differently influenced by their social networks, and path analysis was used to find the direct/indirect influence of social networks on cognitive function. RESULTS Out-degree centrality and social activity scores were positively correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores only in women. In both genders, age and IADL scores were negatively associated with MMSE scores, while educational level was positively correlated. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive function of women was influenced by social activity and the number of members they considered friends. This finding suggests the influence of social networks on cognitive function differ by gender. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 467-473.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwon Lee
- Department of Sociology, Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Eun Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoosik Youm
- Department of Sociology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sang Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Republic of Korea
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Baek YH, Lee H, Kim WJ, Chung JE, Pratt N, Kalisch Ellett L, Shin JY. Uncertain Association Between Benzodiazepine Use and the Risk of Dementia: A Cohort Study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020; 21:201-211.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2019.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Kim H, Kim TH, Jeon B, Bang MH, Kim WJ, Park JW, Chung DK. Evaluation of the Physiological Activity on the Skin and Identification of the Active Ingredient of Leaf Extract from Sanhyang Sandolbae (Pyrus ussuriensis) as a New Variety. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.3746/jkfn.2020.49.1.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Lee G, Choi J, Nam YJ, Song MJ, Kim JK, Kim WJ, Kim P, Lee JS, Kim S, No KT, Lee JH, Lee JK, Choi Y. Identification and characterization of saikosaponins as antagonists of transient receptor potential A1 channel. Phytother Res 2019; 34:788-795. [PMID: 31782210 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is associated with an increased sensitivity to painful stimuli or abnormal sensitivity to otherwise innocuous stimuli. However, in addition to adverse effects, currently available drugs have shown limited response in patients with neuropathic pain, which provides a rationale to explore new drug classes acting on novel targets and with better efficacy and safety profiles. Here, we found that saikosaponins potently inhibit agonist-induced activation of the transient receptor potential A1 (TRPA1) channel, which has been reported to mediate neuropathic pain by sensing a variety of chemical irritants. Molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis analyses suggested that saikosaponins bind to the hydrophobic pocket in TRPA1 near the Asn855 residue, which, when mutated to Ser, was previously associated with enhanced pain perception in humans. In support of these findings, saikosaponin D significantly attenuated agonist-induced nociceptive responses and vincristine-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in mice. These results indicate that saikosaponins are TRPA1 antagonists and provide a basis for further elaboration of saikosaponin derivatives for the development of new therapeutics for neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongbeen Lee
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, 16229, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Choi
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Design Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Yeon-Ju Nam
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, 16229, South Korea
| | - Myung-Jin Song
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, 16229, South Korea
| | - Jin Kyu Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, 16229, South Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, 16229, South Korea
| | - Pansoo Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, 16229, South Korea
| | - Jong Suk Lee
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, 16229, South Korea
| | - Songmi Kim
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Design Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Tai No
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Design Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Division of Hematooncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A university College of Medicine, Busan, 49201, South Korea
| | - Jin Koo Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
| | - Yongmun Choi
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, 16229, South Korea
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Jeong HT, Kim WJ. Comparison of Hot Deformation Behavior Characteristics Between As-Cast and Extruded Al-Zn-Mg-Cu (7075) Aluminum Alloys with a Similar Grain Size. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12233807. [PMID: 31756980 PMCID: PMC6926894 DOI: 10.3390/ma12233807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The hot compressive behavior and processing maps of as-cast and extruded 7075 aluminum alloys with a similar grain size (320–350 μm) were studied and compared, which allows us to directly observe the effect of segregated phases in the as-cast microstructure on the deformation behavior and hot workability of 7075 alloys. In the as-cast alloy, the compound phases segregated along the interdendritic interfaces within the interiors of original grains provided the additional sites for continuous dynamic recrystallization via the particle stimulation nucleation mechanism. As a result, the as-cast alloy exhibited higher fractions of recrystallized grains and smaller grain sizes than the extruded alloy after compression. The stress exponent values of the as-cast alloy were smaller than those of the extruded alloy. In the processing maps, the domain associated with high power dissipation efficiencies (≥35%) occurred in a wider temperature range in the as-cast alloy compared to the extruded alloy. The segregated phases that remained undissolved in the as-cast alloy after compressive deformation could be effectively eliminated during the solid solution treatment (753 K for 2 h) for T6 aging applied after hot compression. The current results suggest the possibility and advantage of omitting the extrusion step when preparing 7xxx aluminum forging or extrusion feedstocks for hot working. The proposed method can be applied to other precipitation hardenable aluminum alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hongik University, Mapo-gu, Sangsu-dong 72-1, Seoul 121-791, Korea
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hongik University, Mapo-gu, Sangsu-dong 72-1, Seoul 121-791, Korea
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Park KM, Sung JM, Kim WJ, An SK, Namkoong K, Lee E, Chang HJ. Correction: Population-based dementia prediction model using Korean public health examination data: A cohort study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225553. [PMID: 31725798 PMCID: PMC6855428 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Suh WW, Cho SH, Yoo JY, Kim HS, Song HR, Kim WJ, Lee SM, Hong M. Relationship between Psychological Correlates and Empathy in Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Psychiatry Investig 2019; 16:766-772. [PMID: 31630502 PMCID: PMC6801319 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2019.08.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Empathy is important in the education of medical students. Many psychosocial variables are related to empathy. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between empathy and psychosocial factors such as burnout, personality, self-esteem, and resilience. METHODS The participants completed a set of self-reporting questionnaires, including questions related to socio-demographic characteristics, the Korean edition of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy, student version (JSE-S-K), Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey (MBIGS), NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (R-SES), and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Partial correlation and regression analyses were performed. RESULTS In male students, there were positive correlations between JSE-S-K and R-SES (r=0.229, p=0.002); conscientiousness of the NEO-FFI (r=0.153, p=0.037) and negative correlations, specifically between JSE-S-K and depersonalization of MBI (r=-0.206, p=0.005). In female students, there was positive correlations between JSE-S-K and personal accomplishment of MBI (r=0.384, p=0.004). In the multiple regression model, the JSE-S-K was affected by conscientiousness of the NEO-FFI (adjusted R2 =0.245, β=0.201, p=0.001); depersonalization, personal accomplishment of the MBI-GS (β=-0.188, p=0.001, β=0.143, p=0.017); R-SES (β=0.176, p=0.004); sex (β=0.117, p=0.029). CONCLUSION The present findings suggested that conscientiousness, depersonalization, personal accomplishment, self-esteem and sex have an influence on empathy. Therefore, these must be considered in medical education and can be helpful to nurture more empathetic doctors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Woo Suh
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Yoo
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoo Rim Song
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Min Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minha Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
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Kim WJ, Sung JM, Sung D, Chae MH, An SK, Namkoong K, Lee E, Chang HJ. Cox Proportional Hazard Regression Versus a Deep Learning Algorithm in the Prediction of Dementia: An Analysis Based on Periodic Health Examination. JMIR Med Inform 2019; 7:e13139. [PMID: 31471957 PMCID: PMC6743261 DOI: 10.2196/13139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the increase in the world’s aging population, there is a growing need to prevent and predict dementia among the general population. The availability of national time-series health examination data in South Korea provides an opportunity to use deep learning algorithm, an artificial intelligence technology, to expedite the analysis of mass and sequential data. Objective This study aimed to compare the discriminative accuracy between a time-series deep learning algorithm and conventional statistical methods to predict all-cause dementia and Alzheimer dementia using periodic health examination data. Methods Diagnostic codes in medical claims data from a South Korean national health examination cohort were used to identify individuals who developed dementia or Alzheimer dementia over a 10-year period. As a result, 479,845 and 465,081 individuals, who were aged 40 to 79 years and without all-cause dementia and Alzheimer dementia, respectively, were identified at baseline. The performance of the following 3 models was compared with predictions of which individuals would develop either type of dementia: Cox proportional hazards model using only baseline data (HR-B), Cox proportional hazards model using repeated measurements (HR-R), and deep learning model using repeated measurements (DL-R). Results The discrimination indices (95% CI) for the HR-B, HR-R, and DL-R models to predict all-cause dementia were 0.84 (0.83-0.85), 0.87 (0.86-0.88), and 0.90 (0.90-0.90), respectively, and those to predict Alzheimer dementia were 0.87 (0.86-0.88), 0.90 (0.88-0.91), and 0.91 (0.91-0.91), respectively. The DL-R model showed the best performance, followed by the HR-R model, in predicting both types of dementia. The DL-R model was superior to the HR-R model in all validation groups tested. Conclusions A deep learning algorithm using time-series data can be an accurate and cost-effective method to predict dementia. A combination of deep learning and proportional hazards models might help to enhance prevention strategies for dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Gyeonggi Provincial Dementia Center, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Sung
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - David Sung
- Data Science Team, kt NexR, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Suk Kyoon An
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Namkoong
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Lee
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jae Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim WJ, Gupta V, Nishimura M, Makita H, Idolor L, Roa C, Loh LC, Ong CK, Wang JS, Boonsawat W, Gunasekera KD, Madegedara D, Kuo HP, Wang CH, Wang C, Yang T, Lin YX, Ko FWS, Hui DSC, Lan LTT, Vu QTT, Bhome AB, Ng A, Seo JB, Lee BY, Lee JS, Oh YM, Lee SD. Identification of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease subgroups in 13 Asian cities. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2019; 22:820-826. [PMID: 29914609 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.17.0524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous condition that can differ in its clinical manifestation, structural changes and response to treatment. OBJECTIVE To identify subgroups of COPD with distinct phenotypes, evaluate the distribution of phenotypes in four related regions and calculate the 1-year change in lung function and quality of life according to subgroup. METHODS Using clinical characteristics, we performed factor analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis in a cohort of 1676 COPD patients from 13 Asian cities. We compared the 1-year change in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale score, St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score and exacerbations according to subgroup derived from cluster analysis. RESULTS Factor analysis revealed that body mass index, Charlson comorbidity index, SGRQ total score and FEV1 were principal factors. Using these four factors, cluster analysis identified three distinct subgroups with differing disease severity and symptoms. Among the three subgroups, patients in subgroup 2 (severe disease and more symptoms) had the most frequent exacerbations, most rapid FEV1 decline and greatest decline in SGRQ total score. CONCLUSION Three subgroups with differing severities and symptoms were identified in Asian COPD subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - V Gupta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, India
| | - M Nishimura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Makita
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - L Idolor
- Section of Respiratory Services and Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Lung Center of the Philippines, Quezon City
| | - C Roa
- College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines, Manila, The Philippines
| | - L-C Loh
- Department of Medicine, Penang Medical College, Penang, Malaysia
| | - C-K Ong
- Department of Medicine, Penang Medical College, Penang, Malaysia
| | - J-S Wang
- Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W Boonsawat
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - K D Gunasekera
- Central Chest Clinic, National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Colombo
| | - D Madegedara
- Respiratory Disease Treatment Unit, Teaching Hospital Kandy, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - H-P Kuo
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-H Wang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing
| | - T Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing
| | - Y-X Lin
- Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - F W S Ko
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - D S C Hui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - L T T Lan
- Respiratory Care Center, University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Q T T Vu
- Respiratory Care Center, University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - A B Bhome
- Indian Coalition of Obstructive Lung Diseases Network, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Ng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - J B Seo
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - B Y Lee
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, Soon Chun Hyang University Hospital, Seoul
| | - J S Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-M Oh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-D Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Park MY, Kim WJ, Lee E, Kim C, Son SJ, Yoon JS, Kim W, Namkoong K. Association between use of benzodiazepines and occurrence of acute angle-closure glaucoma in the elderly: A population-based study. J Psychosom Res 2019; 122:1-5. [PMID: 31126405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Because benzodiazepines (BZDs) can affect pupillae muscles, their use could be a risk factor for acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG), which is an ophthalmic emergency. However, there is no research evidence for the association between BZDs and AACG, except two case reports. We aimed to investigate whether BZDs increase the risk of AACG in a geriatric population. METHODS We performed a case-control study using a geriatric cohort from the National Health Insurance database (2002-2013) in Korea. Case subjects (n = 1117) were patients diagnosed with AACG. Controls, people who have not been diagnosed with AACG, were randomly matched with the case according to age, sex, and index year (n = 4468). To examine the risk of BZD use for AACG, we performed conditional logistic regression analyses with potential confounders including comorbidities and concomitant medication. RESULTS The use of BZD within 30 days was not significantly associated with AACG risk (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.94-1.37). Further analyses showed that, compared with non-use of BZD, new BZD use had a significantly increased risk for the development of AACG (aOR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.09-2.37). The risk was higher in the new BZD users exposed within 7 days (aOR = 3.09, 95% CI = 1.58-5.88). CONCLUSION We found that BZDs increase the risk of AACG at the beginning of its use among the Korean elderly. Clinicians should monitor visual disturbance in the elderly during the early period after prescription of BZD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Young Park
- Future Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Lee
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsoo Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Joon Son
- Department of Psychiatry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sook Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojae Kim
- Department of Public Health and Medical Administration, Dongyang University, Yeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Namkoong
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim P, Nam YJ, Kim WJ, Kim JK, Lee G, Song MJ, Yang J, Yi SS, Lee JS, Seo JH, Choi Y. Edgeworthia papyrifera Regulates Osteoblast and Osteoclast Differentiation In Vitro and Exhibits Anti-osteoporosis Activity in Animal Models of Osteoporosis. Planta Med 2019; 85:766-773. [PMID: 31167297 DOI: 10.1055/a-0942-1960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a clinical condition characterized by low bone strength that leads to an increased risk of fracture. Strategies for the treatment of osteoporosis involve inhibition of bone resorption by osteoclasts and an increase of bone formation by osteoblasts. Here, we identified the extract derived from the stem part of Edgeworthia papyrifera that enhanced differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells to osteoblast-like cells and inhibited osteoclast differentiation of RAW 264.7 cells in vitro. In support of our observation, rutin and daphnoretin, which were previously reported to inhibit osteoclast differentiation, were identified in E. papyrifera extract. In an animal model of osteoporosis, the ovariectomy-induced increases in bone resorption biomarkers such as pyridinoline and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase were significantly reduced by E. papyrifera extract administration at 25.6 and 48.1%, respectively. Furthermore, the ovariectomy-induced bone loss in animal models of osteoporosis was significantly prevented by the administration of E. papyrifera in our study. Taking these observations into account, we suggest that E. papyrifera is an interesting candidate for further exploration as an anti-osteoporotic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pansoo Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yeon-Ju Nam
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jin Kyu Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, Korea
| | - Gyeongbeen Lee
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, Korea
| | - Myung-Jin Song
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jungeun Yang
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sun Shin Yi
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea
| | - Jong Suk Lee
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Seo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yongmun Choi
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, Korea
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Pativada T, Kim MH, Lee JH, Hong SS, Choi CW, Choi YH, Kim WJ, Song DW, Park SI, Lee EJ, Seo BY, Kim H, Kim HK, Lee KH, Ahn SK, Ku JM, Park GH. Benzylideneacetone Derivatives Inhibit Osteoclastogenesis and Activate Osteoblastogenesis Independently Based on Specific Structure–Activity Relationship. J Med Chem 2019; 62:6063-6082. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Triveni Pativada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea Molecular Medicine and Nutrition Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Myung Hwan Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea Molecular Medicine and Nutrition Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jung-Hun Lee
- Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Korea
| | - Seong Su Hong
- Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Korea
| | - Chun Whan Choi
- Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Korea
| | - Yun-Hyeok Choi
- Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Korea
| | - Da-Woon Song
- Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Korea
| | - Serk In Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea Molecular Medicine and Nutrition Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea Molecular Medicine and Nutrition Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Bo-Yeon Seo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea Molecular Medicine and Nutrition Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hankyeom Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Korea
| | - Hong Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Kee Ho Lee
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - Sung K. Ahn
- Statistics, Department of Finance and Management Science, College of Business, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4746, United States
| | - Jin-Mo Ku
- Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Korea
| | - Gil Hong Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea Molecular Medicine and Nutrition Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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Shin HR, Bae HS, Kim BS, Yoon HI, Cho YD, Kim WJ, Choi KY, Lee YS, Woo KM, Baek JH, Ryoo HM. PIN1 is a new therapeutic target of craniosynostosis. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:3827-3839. [PMID: 30007339 PMCID: PMC6216213 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Gain-of-function mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) cause congenital skeletal anomalies, including craniosynostosis (CS), which is characterized by the premature closure of craniofacial sutures. Apert syndrome (AS) is one of the severest forms of CS, and the only treatment is surgical expansion of prematurely fused sutures in infants. Previously, we demonstrated that the prolyl isomerase peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase interacting 1 (PIN1) plays a critical role in mediating FGFR signaling and that Pin1+/- mice exhibit delayed closure of cranial sutures. In this study, using both genetic and pharmacological approaches, we tested whether PIN1 modulation could be used as a therapeutic regimen against AS. In the genetic approach, we crossbred Fgfr2S252W/+, a mouse model of AS, and Pin1+/- mice. Downregulation of Pin1 gene dosage attenuated premature cranial suture closure and other phenotypes of AS in Fgfr2S252W/+ mutant mice. In the pharmacological approach, we intraperitoneally administered juglone, a PIN1 enzyme inhibitor, to pregnant Fgfr2S252W/+ mutant mice and found that this treatment successfully interrupted fetal development of AS phenotypes. Primary cultured osteoblasts from Fgfr2S252W/+ mutant mice expressed high levels of FGFR2 downstream target genes, but this phenotype was attenuated by PIN1 inhibition. Post-translational stabilization and activation of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) in Fgfr2S252W/+ osteoblasts were also attenuated by PIN1 inhibition. Based on these observations, we conclude that PIN1 enzyme activity is important for FGFR2-induced RUNX2 activation and craniofacial suture morphogenesis. Moreover, these findings highlight that juglone or other PIN1 inhibitors represent viable alternatives to surgical intervention for treatment of CS and other hyperostotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Shin
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Bae
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B S Kim
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H I Yoon
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y D Cho
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W J Kim
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K Y Choi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Lee
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K M Woo
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Baek
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H M Ryoo
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Park KM, Sung JM, Kim WJ, An SK, Namkoong K, Lee E, Chang HJ. Population-based dementia prediction model using Korean public health examination data: A cohort study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211957. [PMID: 30753205 PMCID: PMC6372230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The early identification and prevention of dementia is important for reducing its worldwide burden and increasing individuals’ quality of life. Although several dementia prediction models have been developed, there remains a need for a practical and precise model targeted to middle-aged and Asian populations. Here, we used national Korean health examination data from adults (331,126 individuals, 40–69 years of age, mean age: 52 years) from 2002–2003 to predict the incidence of dementia after 10 years. We divided the dataset into two cohorts to develop and validate of our prediction model. Cox proportional hazards models were used to construct dementia prediction models for the total group and sex-specific subgroups. Receiver operating characteristics curves, C-statistics, calibration plots, and cumulative hazards were used to validate model performance. Discriminative accuracy as measured by C-statistics was 0.81 in the total group (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.81 to 0.82), 0.81 in the male subgroup (CI = 0.80 to 0.82), and 0.81 in the female subgroup (CI = 0.80 to 0.82). Significant risk factors for dementia in the total group were age; female sex; underweight; current hypertension; comorbid psychiatric or neurological disorder; past medical history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, or hypertension; current smoking; and no exercise. All identified risk factors were statistically significant in the sex-specific subgroups except for low body weight and current hypertension in the female subgroup. These results suggest that public health examination data can be effectively used to predict dementia and facilitate the early identification of dementia within a middle-aged Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Mee Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Min Sung
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Suk Kyoon An
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kee Namkoong
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jae Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Lee J, Lee S, Synytsya A, Capek P, Lee CW, Choi JW, Cho S, Kim WJ, Park YI. Low Molecular Weight Mannogalactofucans Derived from Undaria pinnatifida Induce Apoptotic Death of Human Prostate Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2018; 20:813-828. [PMID: 30159630 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-018-9851-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Low molecular weight mannogalactofucans (LMMGFs) prepared by enzymatic degradation of high molecular weight Undaria galactofucan (MF) were evaluated for their anti-cancer effects against human prostate cancer. Correlation NMR and linkage analyses confirmed that LMMGFs consist mainly of α-fucose and β-galactose units: α-fucose units are 1,3-linked; β-galactose units are terminal, 1,3- and/or 1,6-linked; both sugars are partially sulphated, fucose at positions O-2 and/or O-4 and galactose at O-3. Mannose residue, as a minor sugar, presents as the 1,4-linked terminal units. LMMGFs more significantly induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and cell death via suppression of the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway than MF in human PC-3 prostate cancer cells. LMMGFs upregulated mRNA expression of death receptor-5 (DR-5), the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2, the cleavage of caspases and PARP, the depolarisation of mitochondrial membrane potential, and ROS generation. LMMGFs (200-400 mg/kg) effectively reduced both tumour volume and size in a xenografted mouse model. These results demonstrated that LMMGFs attenuate the growth of human prostate cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that LMMGFs can be used as a potent functional ingredient in health-beneficial foods or as a therapeutic agent to prevent or treat androgen-independent human prostate cancer. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisun Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Seul Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Andriy Synytsya
- Department of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Technology, University of Chemical Technology in Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Capek
- Institute of Chemistry, Centre for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Chang Won Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Ji Won Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Sarang Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator (GBSA), Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16229, South Korea
| | - Yong Il Park
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea.
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Kang HR, Lee EK, Kim WJ, Shin JY. Risk of neuropsychiatric adverse events associated with the use of oseltamivir: a nationwide population-based case-crossover study. J Antimicrob Chemother 2018; 74:453-461. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Rim Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Eui-Kyung Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University Medical Center, 55, Hwasu-ro 14beon-gil, Deogyang-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Ju-Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
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