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Zhang Y, Randesi M, Blendy JA, Kreek MJ, Butelman ER. Impact of OPRM1 (Mu-opioid Receptor Gene) A112G Polymorphism on Dual Oxycodone and Cocaine Self-administration Behavior in a Mouse Model. Neuroscience 2024; 539:76-85. [PMID: 38211933 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The use of mu-opioid receptor (MOP-r) agonists such as oxycodone together with cocaine is prevalent, and deaths attributed to using these combinations have increased. RATIONALE It is unknown if functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), such as the OPRM1 (MOP-r gene) SNP A118G, can predispose individuals to more dual opioid and psychostimulant intake. The dual self-administration (SA) of MOP-r agonists and cocaine has not been thoroughly examined, especially with regard to neurobiological changes. OBJECTIVES We examined oxycodone SA and subsequent dual oxycodone and cocaine SA in male and female A112G (A/G and G/G, heterozygote and homozygote, respectively) mice, models of human A118G carriers, versus wild-type (A/A) mice. METHODS Adult male and female A/G, G/G and A/A mice self-administered oxycodone (0.25 mg/kg/infusion, 4hr/session, FR 1.) for 10 consecutive days (sessions 1-10). Mice then self-administered cocaine (2 hr) following oxycodone SA (4 hr, as above) in each session for a further 10 consecutive days (sessions 11-20). Message RNA transcripts of 24 reward-related genes were examined in the dorsal striatum. RESULTS Male and female A/G and G/G mice had greater oxycodone SA than A/A mice did in the initial 10 days and in the last 10 sessions. Further, A/G and G/G mice showed greater cocaine intake than A/A mice. Dorsal striatal mRNA levels of Pdyn, Fkbp5, Oprk1, and Oprm1 were altered following oxycodone and cocaine SA. CONCLUSIONS These studies demonstrated that this functional genetic variation in Oprm1 affected dual opioid and cocaine SA and altered specific gene expression in the striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, United States.
| | - Matthew Randesi
- Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Julie A Blendy
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mary Jeanne Kreek
- Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Eduardo R Butelman
- Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, United States; Neuropsychoimaging of Addictions and Related Conditions Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
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Hassanipour M, Rajai N, Rahimi N, Fatemi I, Jalali M, Akbarian R, Shahabaddini A, Nazari A, Amini-Khoei H, Dehpour AR. Sumatriptan effects on morphine-induced antinociceptive tolerance and physical dependence: The role of nitric oxide. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 835:52-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Anderson EM, Reeves T, Kapernaros K, Neubert JK, Caudle RM. Phosphorylation of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor is increased in the nucleus accumbens during both acute and extended morphine withdrawal. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 355:496-505. [PMID: 26377910 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.227629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid withdrawal causes a dysphoric state that can lead to complications in pain patients and can propagate use in drug abusers and addicts. Opioid withdrawal changes the activity of neurons in the nucleus accumbens, an area rich in both opioid-binding mu opioid receptors and glutamate-binding NMDA receptors. Because the accumbens is an area important for reward and aversion, plastic changes in this area during withdrawal could alter future behaviors in animals. We discovered an increase in phosphorylation of serine 897 in the NR1 subunit of the NMDA receptor (pNR1) during acute morphine withdrawal. This serine can be phosphorylated by protein kinase A (PKA) and dephosphorylated by calcineurin. We next demonstrated that this increased pNR1 change is associated with an increase in NR1 surface expression. NR1 surface expression and pNR1 levels during acute withdrawal were both reduced by the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 (dizocilpine hydrogen maleate) and the PKA inhibitor H-89(N-[2-[[3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-propenyl]amino]ethyl]-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide dihydrochloride hydrate). We also found that pNR1 levels remained high after an extended morphine withdrawal period of 2 months, correlated with reward-seeking behavior for palatable food, and were associated with a decrease in accumbal calcineurin levels. These data suggest that NR1 phosphorylation changes during the acute withdrawal phase can be long lasting and may reflect a permanent change in NMDA receptors in the accumbens. These altered NMDA receptors in the accumbens could play a role in long-lasting behaviors associated with reward and opioid use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan M Anderson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida (E.M.A., R.M.C.); Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, Florida (E.M.A., R.M.C.); University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (T.R., K.K.); and UF College of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Gainesville, Florida (J.K.N.)
| | - Turi Reeves
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida (E.M.A., R.M.C.); Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, Florida (E.M.A., R.M.C.); University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (T.R., K.K.); and UF College of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Gainesville, Florida (J.K.N.)
| | - Katherine Kapernaros
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida (E.M.A., R.M.C.); Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, Florida (E.M.A., R.M.C.); University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (T.R., K.K.); and UF College of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Gainesville, Florida (J.K.N.)
| | - John K Neubert
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida (E.M.A., R.M.C.); Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, Florida (E.M.A., R.M.C.); University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (T.R., K.K.); and UF College of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Gainesville, Florida (J.K.N.)
| | - Robert M Caudle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida (E.M.A., R.M.C.); Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, Florida (E.M.A., R.M.C.); University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (T.R., K.K.); and UF College of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Gainesville, Florida (J.K.N.)
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Stress-related genes and heroin addiction: a role for a functional FKBP5 haplotype. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2014; 45:67-76. [PMID: 24845178 PMCID: PMC4316666 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress is a critical risk factor affecting both the development of and the relapse to drug addictions. Drug addictions are caused by genetic, environmental and drug-induced factors. The objective of this hypothesis-driven association study was to determine if genetic variants in stress-related genes are associated with heroin addiction. METHODS 112 selected genetic variants in 26 stress-related genes were genotyped in 852 case subjects and 238 controls of predominantly European ancestry. The case subjects are former heroin addicts with a history of at least one year of daily multiple uses of heroin, treated at a methadone maintenance treatment program (MMTP). The two most promising SNPs were subsequently tested in an African-American sample comprising of 314 cases and 208 control individuals. RESULTS Nineteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 9 genes (AVP, AVPR1A, CRHR1, CRHR2, FKBP5, GAL, GLRA1, NPY1R and NR3C2) showed nominally significant association with heroin addiction. The associations of two FKBP5 SNPs that are part of one haplotype block, rs1360780 (intron 2) and rs3800373 (the 3' untranslated region), remained significant after correction for multiple testing (Pcorrected=0.03; OR=2.35, Pcorrected=0.0018; OR=2.85, respectively). The two SNPs also showed nominally significant association (P<0.05) with heroin addiction in an independent African-American cohort. FKBP5 is a co-chaperone that regulates glucocorticoid sensitivity. These FKBP5 SNPs were previously associated with diverse affective disorders and showed functional differences in gene expression and stress response. This study also supports our and others' previous reports of association of the GAL SNP rs694066 and the AVPR1A SNPs rs11174811, rs1587097 and rs10784339 with heroin and general drug addiction, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that variations in the FKBP5 gene contribute to the development of opiate addiction by modulating the stress response. These findings may enhance the understanding of the interaction between stress and heroin addiction.
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Role of FK506 binding protein 12 in morphine-induced μ-opioid receptor internalization and desensitization. Neurosci Lett 2014; 566:231-235. [PMID: 24607931 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Agonist-activated μ-opioid receptor (OPRM1) undergoes robust receptor phosphorylation by G protein-coupled receptor kinases and subsequent β-arrestin recruitment, triggering receptor internalization and desensitization. Morphine, a widely prescribed opioid, induces receptor phosphorylation inefficiently. Previously we reported that FK506 binding protein 12 (FKBP12) specifically interacts with OPRM1 and such interaction attenuates receptor phosphorylation and facilitates morphine-induced recruitment and activation of protein kinase C. In the current study, we demonstrated that the association of FKBP12 with OPRM1 also affects morphine-induced receptor internalization and G protein-dependent adenylyl cyclase desensitization. Morphine induced faster receptor internalization and adenylyl cyclase desensitization in cells expressing OPRM1 with Pro(353) mutated to Ala (OPRM1P353A), which does not interact with FKBP12, or in the presence of FK506 which dissociates the receptor-FKBP12 interaction. Furthermore, knockdown of cellular FKBP12 level by siRNA accelerated morphine-induced receptor internalization and adenylyl cyclase desensitization. Our study further demonstrated that peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity of FKBP12 probably plays a role in inhibition of receptor phosphorylation. In the view that internalized receptor recycles and thus counteracts the development of analgesic tolerance, receptor's association with FKBP12 could also contribute to the development of morphine tolerance through modulation of receptor trafficking.
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Role of oxidative stress and inducible nitric oxide synthase in morphine-induced tolerance and dependence in mice. Effect of alpha-lipoic acid. Behav Brain Res 2013; 247:17-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Hassan HE, Myers AL, Lee IJ, Mason CW, Wang D, Sinz MW, Wang H, Eddington ND. Induction of Xenobiotic Receptors, Transporters, and Drug Metabolizing Enzymes by Oxycodone. Drug Metab Dispos 2013; 41:1060-9. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.112.050401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Abdel-Zaher AO, Mostafa MG, Farghly HM, Hamdy MM, Omran GA, Al-Shaibani NK. Inhibition of brain oxidative stress and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by thymoquinone attenuates the development of morphine tolerance and dependence in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 702:62-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abdel-Zaher AO, Abdel-Rahman MS, ELwasei FM. Protective effect of Nigella sativa oil against tramadol-induced tolerance and dependence in mice: Role of nitric oxide and oxidative stress. Neurotoxicology 2011; 32:725-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Revised: 07/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Isiordia-Espinoza MA, Terán-Rosales F, Reyes-García G, Granados-Soto V. Synergism between tramadol and meloxicam in the formalin test involves both opioidergic and serotonergic pathways. Drug Dev Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.20461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abdel-Zaher AO, Abdel-Rahman MS, ELwasei FM. Blockade of Nitric Oxide Overproduction and Oxidative Stress by Nigella sativa Oil Attenuates Morphine-Induced Tolerance and Dependence in Mice. Neurochem Res 2010; 35:1557-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-010-0215-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Hassan HE, Myers AL, Lee IJ, Chen H, Coop A, Eddington ND. Regulation of gene expression in brain tissues of rats repeatedly treated by the highly abused opioid agonist, oxycodone: microarray profiling and gene mapping analysis. Drug Metab Dispos 2010; 38:157-67. [PMID: 19786507 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.109.029199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although oxycodone is the most often used opioid agonist, it remains one of the most understudied drugs. We used microarray analysis to better understand the global changes in gene expression in brain tissues of rats repeatedly treated with oxycodone. Many genes were significantly regulated by oxycodone (e.g., Fkbp5, Per2, Rt1.Dalpha, Slc16a1, and Abcg2). Validation of the microarray data by quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) indicated that there was a strong significant correlation (r = 0.979, p < 0.0000001) between the Q-PCR and the microarray data. Using MetaCore (a computational platform), many biological processes were identified [e.g., organic anion transport (p = 7.251 x 10(-4)) and regulation of immune response (p = 5.090 x 10(-4))]. Among the regulated genes, Abcg2 mRNA was up-regulated by 2.1-fold, which was further confirmed by immunoblotting (1.8-fold up-regulation). Testing the Abcg2 affinity status of oxycodone using an Abcg2 ATPase assay suggests that oxycodone behaves as an Abcg2 substrate only at higher concentrations (> or = 500 microM). Furthermore, brain uptake studies demonstrated that oxycodone-induced Abcg2 up-regulation resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) decrease (approximately 2-fold) in brain/plasma ratios of mitoxantrone. These results highlight markers/mediators of neuronal responses and identify regulatory pathways involved in the pharmacological action of oxycodone. These results also identify genes that potentially modulate tolerance, dependence, immune response, and drug-drug interactions. Finally, our findings suggest that oxycodone-induced up-regulation of Abcg2 enhanced the efflux of the Abcg2 substrate, mitoxantrone, limiting its brain accumulation and resulting in an undesirable drug-drug interaction. Extrapolating these results to other Abcg2 substrates (e.g., daunorubicin and doxorubicin) indicates that the brain uptake of these agents may be affected if they are administered concomitantly with oxycodone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem E Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Yilmaz I, Ulugol A. The Effect of Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitors on the Development of Analgesic Tolerance to Dipyrone in Mice. Int J Neurosci 2009; 119:755-64. [DOI: 10.1080/00207450902776192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kumar P, Kumar A. Neuroprotective effect of cyclosporine and FK506 against 3-nitropropionic acid induced cognitive dysfunction and glutathione redox in rat: Possible role of nitric oxide. Neurosci Res 2009; 63:302-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2009.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Inhibition of MPEP on the development of morphine antinociceptive tolerance and the biosynthesis of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in rat spinal cord. Neurosci Lett 2008; 436:214-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2008] [Revised: 02/21/2008] [Accepted: 03/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zarrindast MR, Asgari-Afshar A, Sahebgharani M. Morphine-induced antinociception in the formalin test: sensitization and interactions with D1 and D2 dopamine receptors and nitric oxide agents. Behav Pharmacol 2007; 18:177-84. [PMID: 17426481 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0b013e32813c5462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of dopamine receptor antagonists and nitric oxide agents on morphine-induced sensitization in the formalin test in mice have been investigated. Repeated daily intraperitoneal administration of morphine (30 mg/kg for 3 days) followed by a 11-day wash out period increased morphine-induced antinociception in the formalin test, which may be due to sensitization. The antinociceptive response to higher doses of morphine (6 and 9 mg/kg) but not 3 mg/kg was significantly increased in sensitized animals compared with control groups. Pretreatment of animals with an opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone (4 mg/kg), during repeated administration of morphine, attenuated the morphine-induced sensitization. In the second part of the study, the animals received SCH23390 (D1 receptor antagonist), sulpiride (D2 receptor antagonist), L-Arg (nitric oxide precursor) and NG-nitro-L-Arg methylester (nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) during repeated morphine administration, to evaluate the role of dopamine receptor antagonists and nitric oxide agents in this phenomenon. Pretreatment of animals with NG-nitro-L-Arg methylester (20 mg/kg) and sulpiride (100 mg/kg) during morphine sensitization decreased the antinociceptive response to higher doses of morphine in the formalin test. It is concluded that D2 dopamine receptor and nitric oxide mechanisms may be involved at least partly in morphine-induced sensitization in the formalin test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang ZJ, Wang LX. Phosphorylation: A molecular switch in opioid tolerance. Life Sci 2006; 79:1681-91. [PMID: 16831450 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2006.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2005] [Revised: 04/26/2006] [Accepted: 05/24/2006] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is a key posttranslational modification mechanism controlling the conformation and activity of many proteins. Increasing evidence has implicated an essential role of phosphorylation by several major protein kinases in promoting and maintaining opioid tolerance. We review some of the most recent studies on protein kinase C (PKC), cyclic AMP dependent protein kinase A (PKA), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), protein kinase G (PKG), and G protein receptor kinase (GRK). These kinases act as the molecular switches to modulate opioid tolerance. Pharmacological interventions at one or more of the protein kinases and phosphatases may provide valuable strategies to improve opioid analgesia by attenuating tolerance to these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaijie Jim Wang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences and Cancer Center, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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Abdel-Zaher AO, Hamdy MM, Aly SA, Abdel-Hady RH, Abdel-Rahman S. Attenuation of morphine tolerance and dependence by aminoguanidine in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2006; 540:60-6. [PMID: 16730698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2005] [Revised: 02/07/2006] [Accepted: 03/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The effect of aminoguanidine, an inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, on morphine-induced tolerance and dependence in mice was investigated in this study. Acute administration of aminoguanidine (20 mg/kg, p.o.) did not affect the antinociceptive effect of morphine (10 mg/kg, s.c.) as measured by the hot plate test. Repeated administration of aminoguanidine along with morphine attenuated the development of tolerance to the antinociceptive effect of morphine. Also, the development of morphine dependence as assessed by naloxone-precipitated withdrawal manifestations was reduced by co-administration of aminoguanidine. The effect of aminoguanidine on naloxone-precipitated withdrawal was enhanced by concurrent administration of the non-competitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, dizocilpine (0.25 mg/kg, i.p.) or the non-specific nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, l-N(G)-nitroarginine methyl ester (l-NAME; 5 mg/kg, i.p.) and antagonized by concurrent administration of the nitric oxide (NO) precursor, l-arginine (50 mg/kg, p.o.). Concomitantly, the progressive increase in NO production, but not in brain glutamate level, induced by morphine was inhibited by repeated administration of aminoguanidine along with morphine. Similarly, co-administration of aminoguanidine inhibited naloxone-induced NO overproduction, but it did not inhibit naloxone-induced elevation of brain glutamate level in morphine-dependent mice. The effect of aminoguanidine on naloxone-induced NO overproduction was potentiated by concurrent administration of dizocilpine or l-NAME and antagonized by concurrent administration of l-arginine. These results provide evidence that blockade of NO overproduction, the consequence of NMDA receptor activation, by aminoguanidine, via inhibition of iNOS, can attenuate the development of morphine tolerance and dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed O Abdel-Zaher
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
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McClung CA, Nestler EJ, Zachariou V. Regulation of gene expression by chronic morphine and morphine withdrawal in the locus ceruleus and ventral tegmental area. J Neurosci 2006; 25:6005-15. [PMID: 15976090 PMCID: PMC6724795 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0062-05.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphine dependence is associated with long-term adaptive changes in the brain that involve gene expression. Different behavioral effects of morphine are mediated by different brain regions, for example, the locus ceruleus (LC), a noradrenergic nucleus, is implicated in physical dependence and withdrawal, whereas the ventral tegmental area (VTA), a dopaminergic nucleus, contributes to rewarding and locomotor responses to the drug. However, the global changes in gene expression that occur in these brain regions after morphine exposure and during withdrawal remain unknown. Using DNA microarray analysis in both mice and rats, we now characterize gene expression changes that occur in these brain regions with chronic morphine and antagonist-precipitated withdrawal. In the LC, numerous genes display common regulation between mouse and rat, including tyrosine hydroxylase, prodynorphin, and galanin. Furthermore, we identify clusters of genes that are regulated similarly by chronic morphine and by withdrawal, as well as clusters that show opposite regulation under these two conditions. Interestingly, most gene expression changes that occur in the VTA in response to chronic morphine are different from those seen in the LC, but the gene expression patterns in the two brain regions are very similar after withdrawal. In addition, we examined two genes (prodynorphin and FK506 binding protein 5) that are strongly regulated by chronic morphine or morphine withdrawal in the LC for their role in regulating withdrawal-associated behaviors. Inhibition of either protein profoundly affects withdrawal responses, demonstrating that the genes identified in this study have important functional roles in mediating opiate-induced behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen A McClung
- Department of Psychiatry and Center for Basic Neuroscience, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9070, USA
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Sepehri G, . VS, . FB, . RF. Effect of L-NAME/L-Arginine Microinjection into Nucleus Accumbens Shell on Morphine Withdrawal Signs in Male Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2006. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2006.171.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Banafshe HR, Ghazi-Khansari M, Dehpour AR. The effect of cyclosporine on the development and expression of cannabinoid tolerance in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2005; 82:658-63. [PMID: 16360203 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2005.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2005] [Revised: 11/01/2005] [Accepted: 11/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cyclosporine, beside its immunosuppressive action, has several effects on different neuronal functions, such as modulation of neurotransmitter release, the inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis and release, the reduction of cAMP production and inhibition of morphine-induced tolerance. In the present study, the effect of cyclosporine on the expression and development of tolerance to WIN 55,212-2, a cannabinoid receptor agonist, was studied. Intra peritoneal (i.p.) injection of WIN 55,212-2 (2-6 mg/kg) induced time-dependent and dose-dependent analgesia and catalepsy in mice. Administration of cyclosporine (20 mg/kg i.p.), 30 min before WIN 55,212-2 (6 mg/kg i.p.), did not change the analgesic and cataleptic effects of WIN 55,212-2. When WIN 55,212-2 (6 mg/kg i.p.) was injected once a day, animals became completely tolerant to the analgesic and cataleptic effects within five and nine days respectively. Cyclosporine (20 mg/kg i.p.) injected once daily, 30 min before WIN 55,212-2, attenuated the development of tolerance to the analgesic and cataleptic effects of WIN 55,212-2 but did not affect the expression of tolerance. Since cyclosporine given chronically by itself did not alter the analgesia and catalepsy induced by acute administration of WIN 55,212-2, our findings suggest cyclosporine may act with some selectivity on the mechanisms involved in development of cannabinoid tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid R Banafshe
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Iran
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Abstract
This paper is the 26th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system, now spanning over a quarter-century of research. It summarizes papers published during 2003 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior (Section 2), and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia (Section 3); stress and social status (Section 4); tolerance and dependence (Section 5); learning and memory (Section 6); eating and drinking (Section 7); alcohol and drugs of abuse (Section 8); sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (Section 9); mental illness and mood (Section 10); seizures and neurologic disorders (Section 11); electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (Section 12); general activity and locomotion (Section 13); gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (Section 14); cardiovascular responses (Section 15); respiration and thermoregulation (Section 16); and immunological responses (Section 17).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology, Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA.
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Heinzen EL, Pollack GM. The development of morphine antinociceptive tolerance in nitric oxide synthase-deficient mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2004; 67:735-41. [PMID: 14757173 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2003.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Elevations in nitric oxide (NO) have been implicated in the development of morphine antinociceptive tolerance. This study was conducted to establish the role of specific isoforms of NO synthase (NOS) in morphine tolerance development using genetically modified mice. METHODS Three groups of mice (endothelial NOS [eNOS]-deficient, neuronal NOS [nNOS]-deficient, and NOS-competent) were used in this experiment. On Day 1, the analgesic response (radiant heat tail-flick) to a challenge dose of morphine (4 mg/kg) was determined over 3 hr. Tolerance was induced on Days 1-5 by administering morphine subcutaneously (10 mg/kg) or L-arginine, a NO precursor, intraperitoneally (200 mg/kg), twice daily. Analgesic response to the challenge dose was determined again on Day 6. RESULTS Following sustained morphine administration, nNOS-deficient mice exhibited less tolerance development when compared to the control group, although measurable tolerance still occurred. Mice deficient in eNOS evidenced a degree of tolerance similar to that of control. Prolonged L-arginine administration produced significant functional tolerance to morphine in NOS-competent and eNOS-deficient mice. The loss of morphine responsivity after L-arginine administration was similar to that after morphine pretreatment. L-Arginine did not affect the antinociceptive response to morphine in mice deficient in nNOS, suggesting that the small degree of morphine-induced tolerance in this group occurs through an alternate pathway. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate the pivotal role of the neuronal isoform of NOS in development of morphine antinociceptive tolerance. Furthermore, tolerance development appears to be predominantly a NO-mediated process, but likely is augmented by a secondary (non-NO) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Heinzen
- Division of Drug Delivery and Disposition, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Kerr Hall CB 7360, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7360, USA
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