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Minnes GL, Wiener AJ, Liley AE, Simon NW. Dopaminergic modulation of sensitivity to immediate and delayed punishment during decision-making. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci 2024; 24:304-321. [PMID: 38052746 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-023-01139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Effective decision-making involves careful consideration of all rewarding and aversive outcomes. Importantly, negative outcomes often occur later in time, leading to underestimation, or "discounting," of these consequences. Despite the frequent occurrence of delayed outcomes, little is known about the neurobiology underlying sensitivity to delayed punishment during decision-making. The Delayed Punishment Decision-making Task (DPDT) addresses this by assessing sensitivity to delayed versus immediate punishment in rats. Rats initially avoid punished reinforcers, then select this option more frequently when delay precedes punishment. We used DPDT to examine effects of acute systemic administration of catecholaminergic drugs on sensitivity to delayed punishment in male and female adult rats. Cocaine did not affect choice of rewards with immediate punishment but caused a dose-dependent reduction in choice of delayed punishment. Neither activation nor blockade of D1-like dopamine receptor affected decision-making, but activation of D2-like dopamine receptors reduced choice of delayed punishment. D2 blockade did not attenuate cocaine's effects on decision-making, suggesting that cocaine's effects are not dependent on D2 receptor activation. Increasing synaptic norepinephrine via atomoxetine also reduced choice of delayed (but not immediate) punishment. Notably, when DPDT was modified from ascending to descending pre-punishment delays, these drugs did not affect choice of delayed or immediate punishment, although high-dose quinpirole impaired behavioral flexibility. In summary, sensitivity to delayed punishment is regulated by both dopamine and norepinephrine transmission in task-specific fashion. Understanding the neurochemical modulation of decision-making with delayed punishment is a critical step toward treating disorders characterized by aberrant sensitivity to negative consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace L Minnes
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Anna J Wiener
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Anna E Liley
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nicholas W Simon
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Sharifi A, Karimi-Haghighi S, Shabani R, Asgari HR, Ahadi R, Haghparast A. Cannabidiol impairs the rewarding effects of methamphetamine: Involvement of dopaminergic receptors in the nucleus accumbens. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 113:110458. [PMID: 34662693 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cannabidiol, as component of cannabis, can potentially hinder the rewarding impact of drug abuse; however, its mechanism is ambiguous. Moreover, the nucleus accumbens (NAc), as a key area in the reward circuit, extensively receives dopaminergic projections from the ventral tegmentum area. To elucidate the role of accumbal D1 and D2 dopamine receptor families in Cannabidiol's inhibitory impact on the acquisition and expression phases of methamphetamine (MET), the conditioned place preference (CPP) procedure as a common method to assay reward characteristics of drugs was carried out. Six groups of rats were treated by various doses of SCH23390 or Sulpiride (0.25, 1, and 4 μg/0.5 μL) in the NAc as D1 or D2 dopamine receptor family antagonists, respectively, prior to infusion of Cannabidiol (10 μg/5 μL) in the lateral ventricle (LV) over conditioning phase in the acquisition experiments. In the second step of the study, animals received SCH23390 or Sulpiride in the NAc before Cannabidiol (50 μg/5 μL) infusion into the LV in the expression phase of MET to illuminate the influence of SCH23390 or Sulpiride on the inhibitory impact of Cannabidiol on the expression of MET-induced CPP. Intra-NAc administration of either SCH23390 or Sulpiride impaired Cannabidiol's suppressive impact on the expression phase, while just Sulpiride could suppress the Cannabidiol's impact on the acquisition phase of the MET-induced CPP. Also, the inhibitory impact of Sulpiride was stranger in both phases of MET reward. It seems that Cannabidiol prevents the expression and acquisition phases of MET-induced CPP partly through the dopaminergic system in the NAc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asrin Sharifi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Karimi-Haghighi
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ronak Shabani
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Asgari
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahadi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abbas Haghparast
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Bhimani RV, Vik M, Wakabayashi KT, Szalkowski C, Bass CE, Park J. Distinct dose-dependent effects of methamphetamine on real-time dopamine transmission in the rat nucleus accumbens and behaviors. J Neurochem 2021; 158:865-879. [PMID: 34265079 PMCID: PMC8376794 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a potent psychostimulant that exerts many of its physiological and psychomotor effects by increasing extracellular dopamine (DA) concentrations in limbic brain regions. While several studies have focused on how potent, neurotoxic doses of METH augment or attenuate DA transmission, the acute effects of lower and behaviorally activating doses of METH on modulating DA regulation (release and clearance) through DA D2 autoreceptors and transporters remain to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated how systemic administration of escalating, subneurotoxic doses of METH (0.5-5 mg/kg, IP) alter extracellular DA regulation in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), in both anesthetized and awake-behaving rats through the use of in vivo fast-scan cyclic voltammetry. Pharmacological, electrochemical, and behavioral evidence show that lower doses (≤2.0 mg/kg, IP) of METH enhance extracellular phasic DA concentrations and locomotion as well as stereotypies. In contrast, higher doses (≥5.0 mg/kg) further increase both phasic and baseline DA concentrations and stereotypies but decrease horizontal locomotion. Importantly, our results suggest that acute METH-induced enhancement of extracellular DA concentrations dose dependently activates D2 autoreceptors. Therefore, these different METH dose-dependent effects on mesolimbic DA transmission may distinctly impact METH-induced behavioral changes. This study provides valuable insights regarding how low METH doses alter DA transmission and paves the way for future clinical studies on the reinforcing effects of METH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan V. Bhimani
- Neuroscience Program, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214-3005, USA
| | - Megan Vik
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214-3005, USA
| | - Ken T. Wakabayashi
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214-3005, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214-3005, USA
| | - Caitlin Szalkowski
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214-3005, USA
| | - Caroline E. Bass
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214-3005, USA
| | - Jinwoo Park
- Neuroscience Program, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214-3005, USA
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214-3005, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214-3005, USA
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Viaro R, Longo F, Vincenzi F, Varani K, Morari M. l-DOPA promotes striatal dopamine release through D1 receptors and reversal of dopamine transporter. Brain Res 2021; 1768:147583. [PMID: 34284020 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have pointed out that l-DOPA can interact with D1 or D2 receptors independent of its conversion to endogenous dopamine. The present study was set to investigate whether l-DOPA modulates dopamine release from striatal nerve terminals, using a preparation of synaptosomes preloaded with [3H]DA. Levodopa (1 µM) doubled the K+-induced [3H]DA release whereas the D2/D3 receptor agonist pramipexole (100 nM) inhibited it. The l-DOPA-evoked facilitation was mimicked by the D1 receptor agonist SKF38393 (30-300 nM) and prevented by the D1/D5 antagonist SCH23390 (100 nM) but not the DA transporter inhibitor GBR12783 (300 nM) or the aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor benserazide (1 µM). Higher l-DOPA concentrations (10 and 100 µM) elevated spontaneous [3H]DA efflux. This effect was counteracted by GBR12783 but not SCH23390. Binding of [3H]SCH23390 in synaptosomes (in test tubes) revealed a dense population of D1 receptors (2105 fmol/mg protein). Both SCH23390 and SKF38393 fully inhibited [3H]SCH23390 binding (Ki 0.42 nM and 29 nM, respectively). l-DOPA displaced [3H]SCH23390 binding maximally by 44% at 1 mM. This effect was halved by addition of GBR12935 and benserazide. We conclude that l-DOPA facilitates exocytotic [3H]DA release through SCH23390-sensitive D1 receptors, independent of its conversion to DA. It also promotes non-exocytotic [3H]DA release, possibly via conversion to DA and reversal of DA transporter. These data confirm that l-DOPA can directly interact with dopamine D1 receptors and might extend our knowledge of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying l-DOPA clinical effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Viaro
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Physiology, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Longo
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vincenzi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Katia Varani
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Morari
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
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Hori Y, Nagai Y, Mimura K, Suhara T, Higuchi M, Bouret S, Minamimoto T. D1- and D2-like receptors differentially mediate the effects of dopaminergic transmission on cost-benefit evaluation and motivation in monkeys. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001055. [PMID: 34197448 PMCID: PMC8248602 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been widely accepted that dopamine (DA) plays a major role in motivation, yet the specific contribution of DA signaling at D1-like receptor (D1R) and D2-like receptor (D2R) to cost–benefit trade-off remains unclear. Here, by combining pharmacological manipulation of DA receptors (DARs) and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, we assessed the relationship between the degree of D1R/D2R blockade and changes in benefit- and cost-based motivation for goal-directed behavior of macaque monkeys. We found that the degree of blockade of either D1R or D2R was associated with a reduction of the positive impact of reward amount and increasing delay discounting. Workload discounting was selectively increased by D2R antagonism. In addition, blocking both D1R and D2R had a synergistic effect on delay discounting but an antagonist effect on workload discounting. These results provide fundamental insight into the distinct mechanisms of DA action in the regulation of the benefit- and cost-based motivation, which have important implications for motivational alterations in both neurological and psychiatric disorders. Using quantitatively controlled pharmacological manipulations, this study teases apart the role of D1- and D2-like dopamine receptors in motivation and goal-directed behavior in monkeys, revealing complementary roles of two dopamine receptor subtypes in the computation of the cost/benefit trade-off to guide action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Hori
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagai
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koki Mimura
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Suhara
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sebastien Bouret
- Team Motivation Brain & Behavior, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Takafumi Minamimoto
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Gabriel DBK, Liley AE, Freels TG, Simon NW. Dopamine receptors regulate preference between high-effort and high-risk rewards. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:991-1004. [PMID: 33410986 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05745-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Optimal decision-making necessitates evaluation of multiple rewards that are each offset by distinct costs, such as high effort requirement or high risk of failure. The neurotransmitter dopamine is fundamental toward these cost-benefit analyses, and D1-like and D2-like dopamine receptors differently modulate the reward-discounting effects of both effort and risk. However, measuring the role of dopamine in regulating decision-making between options associated with distinct costs exceeds the scope of traditional rodent economic decision-making paradigms. OBJECTIVES We developed the effort vs probability economic conflict task (EvP) to model multimodal economic decision-making in rats. This task measures choice between two rewards of uniform magnitude associated with either a high effort requirement or risk of reward omission. We then tested the modulatory effects of systemic cocaine and D1/D2 blockade or activation on the preference between high-effort and high-risk alternatives. METHODS In the EvP, two reinforcers of equal magnitude are associated with either (1) an effort requirement that increases throughout the session (1, 5, 10, and 20 lever presses), or (2) a low probability of reward receipt (25% of probabilistic choices). Critically, the reinforcer for each choice is comparable (one pellet), which eliminates the influence of magnitude discrimination on the decision-making process. After establishing the task, the dopamine transporter blocker cocaine and D1/D2 antagonists and agonists were administered prior to EvP performance. RESULTS Preference shifted away from either effortful or probabilistic choice when either option became more costly, and this preference was highly variable between subjects and stable over time. Cocaine, D1 activation, and D2 blockade produced limited, dose-dependent shifts in choice preference contingent on high or low effort conditions. In contrast, D2 activation across multiple doses evoked a robust shift from effortful to risky choice that was evident even when clearly disadvantageous. CONCLUSIONS The EvP clearly demonstrates that rats can evaluate distinct effortful or risky costs associated with rewards of comparable magnitude, and shift preference away from either option with increasing cost. This preference is more tightly linked to D2 than D1 receptor manipulation, suggesting D2-like receptors as a possible therapeutic target for maladaptive biases toward risk-taking over effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B K Gabriel
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, 400 Innovation Drive, Memphis, TN, 38112, USA
| | - Anna E Liley
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, 400 Innovation Drive, Memphis, TN, 38112, USA
| | - Timothy G Freels
- Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 N Lake Ave, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Nicholas W Simon
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, 400 Innovation Drive, Memphis, TN, 38112, USA.
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7
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Abstract
Lumateperone (Caplyta®) is a drug recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of schizophrenia. But is it a new drug with promise, or a similar drug with new wrappings? This drug, similar to other second- and third-generation serotonin dopamine antagonists, is a potent antagonist at higher serotonin 2A receptors as well as brief binding to dopamine 1 and dopamine 2 (D2) receptors, but also has partial agonism at presynaptic D2 and indirect modulation of N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) of the glutamine receptors. The current article reviews the putative effects of this novel mechanism of action on symptoms of schizophrenia as discussed in Phase II and III trials. A case study applies the information to a clinical situation. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 58(6), 9-12.].
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Abstract
There can potentially be a number of clinical interactions that could adversely affect patient outcomes in a patient with a prolactinoma and psychiatric disease that might require antipsychotic and dopamine agonist treatment. Dopamine agonists stimulate the dopamine D2 receptor, resulting in a decrease in prolactin (PRL) levels and in prolactinoma size but action on dopamine receptors in the meso-limbic system may rarely cause psychosis and more commonly cause impulse control disorders. The psychiatric benefits of antipsychotic agents involve blocking the D2 and other dopamine receptors but this blockade often also causes hyperprolactinemia. In patients with macroprolactinomas and psychosis, observation, estrogen/progestin replacement, and surgery can be considered in addition to dopamine agonists. In those who require dopamine agonists for PRL and tumor size control, the introduction of antipsychotics may blunt this effect, so that higher doses of the dopamine agonists may be needed. Alternatively, antipsychotics that have less of a blocking effect at the D2 receptor, such as aripiprazole, can be tried, if appropriate. For patients already on antipsychotic drugs who are found to have a macroprolactinoma for which dopamine agonists are required, dopamine agonists can be initiated at low dose and the dose escalated slowly. However, such patients require careful monitoring of psychiatric status to avoid the rare complication of exacerbation of the underlying psychosis. Again, if appropriate, use of antipsychotics that have less of a blocking effect at the D2 receptor may allow lower doses of dopamine agonists to be used in this situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Molitch
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Whalen TC, Willard AM, Rubin JE, Gittis AH. Delta oscillations are a robust biomarker of dopamine depletion severity and motor dysfunction in awake mice. J Neurophysiol 2020; 124:312-329. [PMID: 32579421 PMCID: PMC7500379 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00158.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Delta oscillations (0.5-4 Hz) are a robust feature of basal ganglia pathophysiology in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) in relationship to tremor, but their relationship to other parkinsonian symptoms has not been investigated. While delta oscillations have been observed in mouse models of PD, they have only been investigated in anesthetized animals, suggesting that the oscillations may be an anesthesia artifact and limiting the ability to relate them to motor symptoms. Here, we establish a novel approach to detect spike oscillations embedded in noise to provide the first study of delta oscillations in awake, dopamine-depleted mice. We find that approximately half of neurons in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) exhibit delta oscillations in dopamine depletion and that these oscillations are a strong indicator of dopamine loss and akinesia, outperforming measures such as changes in firing rate, irregularity, bursting, and synchrony. These oscillations are typically weakened, but not ablated, during movement. We further establish that these oscillations are caused by the loss of D2-receptor activation and do not originate from motor cortex, contrary to previous findings in anesthetized animals. Instead, SNr oscillations precede those in M1 at a 100- to 300-ms lag, and these neurons' relationship to M1 oscillations can be used as the basis for a novel classification of SNr into two subpopulations. These results give insight into how dopamine loss leads to motor dysfunction and suggest a reappraisal of delta oscillations as a marker of akinetic symptoms in PD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This work introduces a novel method to detect spike oscillations amidst neural noise. Using this method, we demonstrate that delta oscillations in the basal ganglia are a defining feature of awake, dopamine-depleted mice and are strongly correlated with dopamine loss and parkinsonian motor symptoms. These oscillations arise from a loss of D2-receptor activation and do not require motor cortex. Similar oscillations in human patients may be an underappreciated marker and target for Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C Whalen
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amanda M Willard
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Biology and Geosciences, Clarion University, Clarion, Pennsylvania
| | - Jonathan E Rubin
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Mathematics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Aryn H Gittis
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Le Heron C, Kolling N, Plant O, Kienast A, Janska R, Ang YS, Fallon S, Husain M, Apps MAJ. Dopamine Modulates Dynamic Decision-Making during Foraging. J Neurosci 2020; 40:5273-5282. [PMID: 32457071 PMCID: PMC7329313 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2586-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The mesolimbic dopaminergic system exerts a crucial influence on incentive processing. However, the contribution of dopamine in dynamic, ecological situations where reward rates vary, and decisions evolve over time, remains unclear. In such circumstances, current (foreground) reward accrual needs to be compared continuously with potential rewards that could be obtained by traveling elsewhere (background reward rate), to determine the opportunity cost of staying versus leaving. We hypothesized that dopamine specifically modulates the influence of background, but not foreground, reward information when making a dynamic comparison of these variables for optimal behavior. On a novel foraging task based on an ecological account of animal behavior (marginal value theorem), human participants of either sex decided when to leave locations in situations where foreground rewards depleted at different rates, either in rich or poor environments with high or low background reward rates. In line with theoretical accounts, people's decisions to move from current locations were independently modulated by changes in both foreground and background reward rates. Pharmacological manipulation of dopamine D2 receptor activity using the agonist cabergoline significantly affected decisions to move on, specifically modulating the effect of background reward rates. In particular, when on cabergoline, people left patches in poor environments much earlier. These results demonstrate a role of dopamine in signaling the opportunity cost of rewards, not value per se. Using this ecologically derived framework, we uncover a specific mechanism by which D2 dopamine receptor activity modulates decision-making when foreground and background reward rates are dynamically compared.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Many decisions, across economic, political, and social spheres, involve choices to "leave". Such decisions depend on a continuous comparison of a current location's value, with that of other locations you could move on to. However, how the brain makes such decisions is poorly understood. Here, we developed a computerized task, based around theories of how animals make decisions to move on when foraging for food. Healthy human participants had to decide when to leave collecting financial rewards in a location, and travel to collect rewards elsewhere. Using a pharmacological manipulation, we show that the activity of dopamine in the brain modulates decisions to move on, with people valuing other locations differently depending on their dopaminergic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Campbell Le Heron
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DU, United Kingdom
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Nils Kolling
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Olivia Plant
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom
| | - Annika Kienast
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Janska
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom
| | - Yuen-Siang Ang
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DU, United Kingdom
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom
| | - Sean Fallon
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UD, United Kingdom
| | - Masud Husain
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DU, United Kingdom
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew A J Apps
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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11
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Sial OK, Parise EM, Parise LF, Gnecco T, Bolaños-Guzmán CA. Ketamine: The final frontier or another depressing end? Behav Brain Res 2020; 383:112508. [PMID: 32017978 PMCID: PMC7127859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Two decades ago, the observation of a rapid and sustained antidepressant response after ketamine administration provided an exciting new avenue in the search for more effective therapeutics for the treatment of clinical depression. Research elucidating the mechanism(s) underlying ketamine's antidepressant properties has led to the development of several hypotheses, including that of disinhibition of excitatory glutamate neurons via blockade of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Although the prominent understanding has been that ketamine's mode of action is mediated solely via the NMDA receptor, this view has been challenged by reports implicating other glutamate receptors such as AMPA, and other neurotransmitter systems such as serotonin and opioids in the antidepressant response. The recent approval of esketamine (Spravato™) for the treatment of depression has sparked a resurgence of interest for a deeper understanding of the mechanism(s) underlying ketamine's actions and safe therapeutic use. This review aims to present our current knowledge on both NMDA and non-NMDA mechanisms implicated in ketamine's response, and addresses the controversy surrounding the antidepressant role and potency of its stereoisomers and metabolites. There is much that remains to be known about our understanding of ketamine's antidepressant properties; and although the arrival of esketamine has been received with great enthusiasm, it is now more important than ever that its mechanisms of action be fully delineated, and both the short- and long-term neurobiological/functional consequences of its treatment be thoroughly characterized.
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MESH Headings
- Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology
- Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use
- Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy
- Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant/drug therapy
- Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/drug effects
- Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology
- Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Ketamine/pharmacology
- Ketamine/therapeutic use
- Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/drug effects
- Receptor, Muscarinic M1/drug effects
- Receptors, AMPA/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/drug effects
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/drug effects
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/drug effects
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/drug effects
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/drug effects
- Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3/drug effects
- Receptors, sigma/drug effects
- Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar K Sial
- Texas A&M University: Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 4325 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Eric M Parise
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Lyonna F Parise
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Tamara Gnecco
- Texas A&M University: Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 4325 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Carlos A Bolaños-Guzmán
- Texas A&M University: Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 4325 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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12
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Vestlund J, Kalafateli AL, Studer E, Westberg L, Jerlhag E. Neuromedin U induces self-grooming in socially-stimulated mice. Neuropharmacology 2019; 162:107818. [PMID: 31647973 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggest that appetite-regulating peptides modulate social behaviors. We here investigate whether the anorexigenic peptide neuromedin U (NMU) modulates sexual behavior in male mice. However, instead of modulating sexual behaviors, NMU administered into the third ventricle increased self-grooming behavior. In addition, NMU-treatment increased self-grooming behavior when exposed to other mice or olfactory social-cues, but not when exposed to non-social environments. As the neuropeptide oxytocin is released during social investigation and exogenous oxytocin induces self-grooming, its role in NMU-induced self-grooming behavior was investigated. In line with our hypothesis, the oxytocin receptor antagonist inhibited NMU-induced self-grooming behavior in mice exposed to olfactory social-cues. Moreover, dopamine in the mesocorticolimbic system is known to be a key regulator of self-grooming behavior. In line with this, we proved that infusion of NMU into nucleus accumbens increased self-grooming behavior in mice confronted with an olfactory social-cue and that this behavior was inhibited by antagonism of dopamine D2, but not D1/D5, receptors. Moreover repeated NMU treatment enhanced ex vivo dopamine levels and decreased the expression of dopamine D2 receptors in nucleus accumbens in socially housed mice. On the other hand, the olfactory stimuli-dependent NMU-induced self-grooming was not affected by a corticotrophin-releasing hormone antagonist, and NMU-treatment did not influence repetitive behaviors in the marble burying test. In conclusion, our results suggest that NMU treatment and, social cues - potentially triggering oxytocin release - together induce excessive grooming behavior in male mice. The mesolimbic dopamine system, including accumbal dopamine D2 receptors, was identified as a crucial downstream mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Vestlund
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Pharmacology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Aimilia Lydia Kalafateli
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Pharmacology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Studer
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Pharmacology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Westberg
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Pharmacology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Jerlhag
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Pharmacology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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13
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Madayag AC, Gomez D, Anderson EM, Ingebretson AE, Thomas MJ, Hearing MC. Cell-type and region-specific nucleus accumbens AMPAR plasticity associated with morphine reward, reinstatement, and spontaneous withdrawal. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 224:2311-2324. [PMID: 31201496 PMCID: PMC6698404 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-019-01903-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite evidence that morphine-related pathologies reflect adaptations in NAc glutamate signaling, substantial gaps in basic information remain. The current study examines the impact of non-contingent acute, repeated, and withdrawal-inducing morphine dosing regimens on glutamate transmission in D1- or D2-MSNs in the nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh) and core (NAcC) sub-regions in hopes of identifying excitatory plasticity that may contribute to unique facets of opioid addiction-related behavior. Following an acute morphine injection (10 mg/kg), average miniature excitatory postsynaptic current (mEPSC) amplitude mediated by AMPA-type glutamate receptors was increased at D1-MSNs in the both the NAcShl and NAcC, whereas only the frequency of events was elevated at D2-MSNs in the NAcSh. In contrast, spontaneous somatic withdrawal induced by escalating dose of repeated morphine twice per day (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 mg/kg) enhanced mEPSC frequency specifically at D2-MSNs in the NAcSh. Similar to previous findings, excitatory drive was elevated at NAcSh D1-MSNs after 10-14 days home cage abstinence. Following abstinence, an acute drug re-exposure produced a rapid and enduring endocytosis of GluA2-containing AMPARs at D1-MSNs in the shell, that when blocked by an intra-NAc shell infusion of the Tat-GluA23Y peptide, increased reinstatement of morphine place preference-a phenomenon distinctly different than effects previously found with cocaine. The present study is the first to directly identify unique circuit specific adaptations in NAc glutamate synaptic transmission associated with morphine-related acute reward and somatic withdrawal as well as post-abstinence short-term plasticity. Moreover, while differing classes of abused drugs (i.e., psychostimulants and opioids) produce seemingly similar bidirectional plasticity in the NAc following drug re-exposure, our findings indicate this plasticity has distinct behavioral consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aric C Madayag
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA
| | - Devan Gomez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA
| | - Eden M Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA
| | - Anna E Ingebretson
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Mark J Thomas
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Matthew C Hearing
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA.
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14
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Abstract
Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are drugs of abuse that impair behavior and cognition. In a rodent model of AAS abuse, testosterone-treated male rats expend more physical effort, by repeatedly pressing a lever for a large reward in an operant discounting task. However, since modern society prioritizes cognitive over physical effort, it is important to determine if AAS limit cognitive effort. Here we tested the effects of AAS on a novel cognitive-effort discounting task. Each operant chamber had 3 nose-pokes, opposite 2 levers and a pellet dispenser. Rats pressed a lever to illuminate 1 nose-poke; they responded in the illuminated nose-poke to receive sugar pellets. For the 'easy' lever, the light remained on for 1 s, and a correct response earned 1 pellet. For the 'hard' lever, the light duration decreased from 1 s to 0.1 s across 5 blocks of trials, and a correct response earned 4 pellets. As the duration of the nose-poke light decreased, all rats decreased their choice of the hard lever in a modest discounting curve. Task accuracy also decreased significantly across the 5 blocks of trials. However, there was no effect of testosterone on choice of the hard lever or task accuracy. Antagonism of dopamine D1 or D2 receptors had no effect on lever choice or task accuracy. However, serotonin depletion significantly decreased preference for the hard lever, and impaired task accuracy. Thus, physical effort discounting depends on dopamine activity, while cognitive effort discounting task is sensitive to serotonin. AAS impair physical effort discounting, but not cognitive effort discounting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa B Dokovna
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States of America
| | - Grace Li
- Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States of America
| | - Ruth I Wood
- Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States of America.
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15
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Reichard RA, Parsley KP, Subramanian S, Zahm DS. Dissociable effects of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors on compulsive ingestion and pivoting movements elicited by disinhibiting the ventral pallidum. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 224:1925-1932. [PMID: 31087183 PMCID: PMC6565492 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-019-01879-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that infusion of a GABAA receptor antagonist, such as bicuculline (bic), into the ventral (pallidum VP) of rats elicits vigorous ingestion in sated subjects and abnormal pivoting movements. Here, we assessed if the ingestive effects generalize to the lateral preoptic area (LPO) and tested both effects for modulation by dopamine receptor signaling. Groups of rats received injections of the dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, haloperidol (hal), the D1 antagonist, SCH-23390 (SCH), or vehicle (veh) followed by infusions of bic or veh into the VP or LPO. Ingestion effects were not observed following LPO bic infusions. Compulsive ingestion associated with VP activation was attenuated by hal, but not SCH. VP bic-elicited pivoting was attenuated by neither hal, nor SCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhett A Reichard
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 S. Grand Blvd., Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC, 29425-8908, USA.
| | - Kenneth P Parsley
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 S. Grand Blvd., Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Suriya Subramanian
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 S. Grand Blvd., Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Daniel S Zahm
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 S. Grand Blvd., Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA.
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16
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Jessen K, Rostrup E, Mandl RCW, Nielsen MØ, Bak N, Fagerlund B, Glenthøj BY, Ebdrup BH. Cortical structures and their clinical correlates in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients before and after 6 weeks of dopamine D2/3 receptor antagonist treatment. Psychol Med 2019; 49:754-763. [PMID: 29734953 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291718001198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia has been associated with changes in both cortical thickness and surface area, but antipsychotic exposure, illness progression and substance use may confound observations. In antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients, we investigated cortical thickness and surface area as well as mean curvature before and after monotherapy with amisulpride, a relatively selective dopamine D2/3 receptor antagonist. METHODS Fifty-six patients and 59 matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent T1-weighted 3T magnetic resonance imaging. Forty-one patients and 51 HCs were re-scanned. FreeSurfer-processed baseline, follow-up values and symmetrized percentage changes (SPC) in cortical structures were analysed using univariate analysis of variance. Clinical measures comprised psychopathology ratings, assessment of functioning and tests of premorbid and current intelligence. We applied false discovery rate correction to account for multiple comparisons. RESULTS At baseline, groups did not differ in cortical thickness or surface area; however, curvature in the left hemisphere was higher in patients (p = 0.015). In both patients and HCs, higher curvature was associated with lower premorbid (p = 0.009) and current intelligence (p 0.43). Cortical thickness SPC was negatively associated with symptom improvement (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Schizophrenia appears associated with subtle, yet clinically relevant aberrations in cortical structures. Mean curvature holds promise as a sensitive supplement to cortical thickness and surface area to detect complex structural brain abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Jessen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
| | - Egill Rostrup
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
| | - Rene C W Mandl
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus,University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht,Utrecht,The Netherlands
| | - Mette Ø Nielsen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
| | - Nikolaj Bak
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
| | - Birgitte Fagerlund
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
| | - Birte Y Glenthøj
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
| | - Bjørn H Ebdrup
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
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17
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Feltmann K, Borroto‐Escuela DO, Rüegg J, Pinton L, de Oliveira Sergio T, Narváez M, Jimenez‐Beristain A, Ekström TJ, Fuxe K, Steensland P. Effects of Long-Term Alcohol Drinking on the Dopamine D2 Receptor: Gene Expression and Heteroreceptor Complexes in the Striatum in Rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:338-351. [PMID: 29205397 PMCID: PMC5817245 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) ligand binding has repeatedly been demonstrated in the striatum of humans with alcohol use disorder (AUD). The attenuated D2R binding has been suggested to reflect a reduced D2R density, which in turn has been proposed to drive craving and relapse. However, results from rodent studies addressing the effects of alcohol drinking on D2R density have been inconsistent. METHODS A validated alcohol drinking model (intermittent access to 20% alcohol) in Wistar rats was used to study the effects of voluntary alcohol drinking (at least 12 weeks) on the D2R in the striatum compared to age-matched alcohol-naïve control rats. Reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR was used to quantify isoform-specific Drd2 gene expression levels. Using bisulfite pyrosequencing, DNA methylation levels of a regulatory region of the Drd2 gene were determined. In situ proximity ligation assay was used to measure densities of D2R receptor complexes: D2R-D2R, adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR)-D2R, and sigma1 receptor (sigma1R)-D2R. RESULTS Long-term voluntary alcohol drinking significantly reduced mRNA levels of the long D2R isoform in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) but did not alter CpG methylation levels in the analyzed sequence of the Drd2 gene. Alcohol drinking also reduced the striatal density of D2R-D2R homoreceptor complexes, increased the density of A2AR-D2R heteroreceptor complexes in the NAc shell and the dorsal striatum, and decreased the density of sigma1R-D2R heteroreceptor complexes in the dorsal striatum. CONCLUSIONS The present results on long-term alcohol drinking might reflect reduced D2R levels through reductions in D2R-D2R homoreceptor complexes and gene expression. Furthermore, based on antagonistic interactions between A2AR and D2R, an increased density of A2AR-D2R heteroreceptor complexes might indicate a reduced affinity and signaling of the D2R population within the complex. Hence, both reduced striatal D2R levels and reduced D2R protomer affinity within the striatal A2AR-D2R complex might underlie reduced D2R radioligand binding in humans with AUD. This supports the hypothesis of a hypodopaminergic system in AUD and suggests the A2AR-D2R heteroreceptor complex as a potential novel treatment target.
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MESH Headings
- Alcohol Drinking
- Animals
- Central Nervous System Depressants/pharmacology
- Corpus Striatum/drug effects
- Corpus Striatum/metabolism
- Ethanol/pharmacology
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Male
- Multiprotein Complexes/drug effects
- Multiprotein Complexes/metabolism
- Nucleus Accumbens/drug effects
- Nucleus Accumbens/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptor, Adenosine A2A/drug effects
- Receptor, Adenosine A2A/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/metabolism
- Receptors, sigma/drug effects
- Receptors, sigma/metabolism
- Sigma-1 Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Feltmann
- Center for Psychiatry ResearchDepartment of Clinical NeuroscienceKarolinska Institutet& Stockholm Health Care ServicesStockholm County CouncilStockholmSweden
| | | | - Joëlle Rüegg
- Center for Molecular MedicineDepartment of Clinical NeuroscienceKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- SwetoxUnit of Toxicology SciencesKarolinska InstitutetSödertäljeSweden
| | - Luca Pinton
- Department of NeuroscienceKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Thatiane de Oliveira Sergio
- Center for Psychiatry ResearchDepartment of Clinical NeuroscienceKarolinska Institutet& Stockholm Health Care ServicesStockholm County CouncilStockholmSweden
| | - Manuel Narváez
- Facultad de MedicinaInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de MálagaUniversity of MálagaMalagaSpain
| | | | - Tomas J. Ekström
- Center for Molecular MedicineDepartment of Clinical NeuroscienceKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of NeuroscienceKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Pia Steensland
- Center for Psychiatry ResearchDepartment of Clinical NeuroscienceKarolinska Institutet& Stockholm Health Care ServicesStockholm County CouncilStockholmSweden
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18
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Faron-Górecka A, Kuśmider M, Solich J, Kolasa M, Pabian P, Gruca P, Romańska I, Żurawek D, Szlachta M, Papp M, Antkiewicz-Michaluk L, Dziedzicka-Wasylewska M. Regulation of somatostatin receptor 2 in the context of antidepressant treatment response in chronic mild stress in rat. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:2137-2149. [PMID: 29713785 PMCID: PMC6015609 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-4912-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The role of somatostatin and its receptors for the stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders has been widely raised. Recently, we have also demonstrated the involvement of somatostatin receptor type 2-sst2R and dopamine receptor type 2-D2R in stress. OBJECTIVE In this context, we decided to find if these receptors are involved in response to antidepressant treatment in animal model of depression-chronic mild stress (CMS). METHODS Here, we report data obtained following 7-week CMS procedure. The specific binding of [125I]Tyr3-Octreotide to sst2R and [3H]Domperidone to D2R was measured in the rat brain, using autoradiography. Additionally, the level of dopamine and metabolites was measured in the rat brain. RESULTS In the final baseline test after 7 weeks of stress, the reduced consumption of sucrose solution was observed (controls vs the stressed animals (6.25 0.16 vs. 10.39 0.41; p < 0.05). Imipramine was administered for the next 5 weeks, and it reversed anhedonia in majority of animals (imipramine-reactive); however, in some animals, it did not (imipramine-non-reactive). Two-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant effects of stress and treatment and time interaction [F(16, 168) = 3.72; p < 0.0001], n = 10 per groups. We observed decreased binding of [125I]Tyr3-Octreotide in most of rat brain regions in imipramine non-reactive groups of animals. The decrease of D2R after stress in striatum and nucleus accumbens and no effect of imipramine were observed. In the striatum and prefrontal cortex, the significant role of stress and imipramine in dopamine levels was observed. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained in binding assays, together with dopamine level, indicate the involvement of sst2R receptors for reaction to antidepressant treatment. Besides, the stress context itself changes the effect of antidepressant drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Faron-Górecka
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Maciej Kuśmider
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Solich
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kolasa
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Pabian
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Gruca
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Behavioral Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Irena Romańska
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dariusz Żurawek
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Szlachta
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mariusz Papp
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Behavioral Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Lucyna Antkiewicz-Michaluk
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Dziedzicka-Wasylewska
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
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19
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Di Ciano P, Cormick PM, Stefan C, Wong E, Kim A, Remington G, Le Foll B. The effects of buspirone on occupancy of dopamine receptors and the rat gambling task. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:3309-3320. [PMID: 28825117 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4715-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dopamine D3 receptor (DRD3) has been proposed as a target for drug development for the treatment of addictive disorders. Recently, the anxiolytic buspirone has been shown to have affinity for DRD3 and DRD4, and interest in repurposing it for addictive disorders has grown. METHODS Binding of [3H]-(+)-PHNO in the rat cerebellum and striatum was used to measure occupancy by buspirone of DRD3 or DRD2, respectively. Effects of buspirone in the rat gambling task (rGT) and the five-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT) were examined. RESULTS Buspirone occupied both the DRD2 and DRD3 at high doses and the DRD3, but not the DRD2, in the narrow dose range of 3 mg/kg. At 10 mg/kg, a disruption of performance on rGT was observed. All measures of performance on the rGT, except for perseverations, were affected at 3 mg/kg. On the 5-CSRTT, omissions were increased. Impairments in the rGT were not mimicked by the effects induced by satiation. Further, buspirone did not impair food-maintained responding under a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement at any dose, suggesting that the effects of buspirone on the rGT cannot be explained by non-selective actions. CONCLUSIONS Although buspirone had effects on the rGT at the dose that selectively occupied the DRD3, the effects found do not parallel those found in previous studies of the effects of selective DRD3 antagonists on the rGT. Thus, buspirone may impair performance on the rGT through actions at multiple receptor sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Di Ciano
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, M5S 2S1, Canada
| | | | - Cristiana Stefan
- Clinical Laboratory and Diagnostic Services, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ernest Wong
- Clinical Laboratory and Diagnostic Services, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron Kim
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, M5S 2S1, Canada
| | - Gary Remington
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, M5S 2S1, Canada
- Addiction Medicine Service, Acute Care Program, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- CAMH, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Brain and Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bernard Le Foll
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, M5S 2S1, Canada.
- Addiction Medicine Service, Acute Care Program, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- CAMH, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Division of Brain and Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Pértile RAN, Corvino ME, Marchette RCN, Pavesi E, Cavalli J, Ramos A, Izídio GS. The Quinpirole Hypolocomotive Effects are Strain and Route of Administration Dependent in SHR and SLA16 Isogenic Rats. Behav Genet 2017; 47:552-563. [PMID: 28822047 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-017-9865-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The SHR and SLA16 inbred strains present behavioral differences in anxiety/emotionality that could be under the influence of dopaminergic neurotransmission. In order to investigate the role of D2 receptors in modulating such differences, an agonist (quinpirole) and an antagonist (haloperidol) of this receptor were administered, either via systemic injection (IP), or microinjected into the ventral area of the hippocampus (vHIP). Quinpirole and haloperidol IP decreased locomotor activity, only in SLA16 rats in the open-field (OF), and in both strains in the elevated plus-maze (EPM). Quinpirole also increased the preference for the aversive areas of the EPM. Quinpirole vHIP decreased locomotor activity in both strains. Haloperidol vHIP did not elicit behavioural changes and no differences in the levels of D2 receptors and of dopamine transporter in the hippocampus were found. Results indicate that systemic activation/blocking of D2 receptors caused a strain-dependent hypolocomotion, whereas activation of D2 receptors in the vHIP, but not D2 receptor antagonism, regardless of dose, decreased general locomotor activity in the two strains. Therefore, we suggest that genomic differences in the chromosome 4 can influence the locomotor activity regulated by the D2 dopaminergic receptor, especially in the vHIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A N Pértile
- Laboratory of Behavior Genetics, Department of Cellular Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - M E Corvino
- Laboratory of Behavior Genetics, Department of Cellular Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - R C N Marchette
- Laboratory of Behavior Genetics, Department of Cellular Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - E Pavesi
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - J Cavalli
- Laboratory of Behavior Genetics, Department of Cellular Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - A Ramos
- Laboratory of Behavior Genetics, Department of Cellular Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - G S Izídio
- Laboratory of Behavior Genetics, Department of Cellular Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
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McDougall SA, Rudberg KN, Veliz A, Dhargalkar JM, Garcia AS, Romero LC, Gonzalez AE, Mohd-Yusof A, Crawford CA. Importance of D1 and D2 receptor stimulation for the induction and expression of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization in preweanling rats. Behav Brain Res 2017; 326:226-236. [PMID: 28284952 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The behavioral manifestations of psychostimulant-induced sensitization vary markedly between young and adult rats, suggesting that the neural mechanisms mediating this phenomenon differ across ontogeny. In this project we examined the importance of D1 and D2 receptors for the induction and expression of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization during the preweanling period. In the behavioral experiments, rats were injected with reversible D1 and/or D2 antagonists (SCH23390 and/or raclopride) or an irreversible receptor antagonist (EEDQ) either before cocaine administration on the pretreatment day (induction) or before cocaine challenge on the test day (expression). In the EEDQ experiments, receptor specificity was assessed by using selective dopamine antagonists to protect D1 and/or D2 receptors from inactivation. Receptor binding assays showed that EEDQ caused substantial reductions in dorsal striatal D1 and D2 binding sites, while SCH23390 and raclopride fully protected D1 and D2 receptors from EEDQ-induced alkylation. Behavioral results showed that neither D1 nor D2 receptor stimulation was necessary for the induction of cocaine sensitization in preweanling rats. EEDQ disrupted the sensitization process, suggesting that another receptor type sensitive to EEDQ alkylation was necessary for the induction process. Expression of the sensitized response was prevented by an acute injection of a D1 receptor antagonist. The pattern of DA antagonist-induced effects described for preweanling rats is, with few exceptions, similar to what is observed when the same drugs are administered to adult rats. Thus, it appears that maturational changes in D1 and D2 receptor systems are not responsible for ontogenetic differences in the behavioral manifestation of cocaine sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanders A McDougall
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA.
| | - Krista N Rudberg
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA
| | - Ana Veliz
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA
| | | | - Aleesha S Garcia
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA
| | - Loveth C Romero
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA
| | - Ashley E Gonzalez
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA; Neuroscience Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alena Mohd-Yusof
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA
| | - Cynthia A Crawford
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA
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Lins BR, Marks WN, Phillips AG, Howland JG. Dissociable effects of the d- and l- enantiomers of govadine on the disruption of prepulse inhibition by MK-801 and apomorphine in male Long-Evans rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:1079-1091. [PMID: 28180960 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4540-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The search for novel antipsychotic drugs to treat schizophrenia is driven by the poor treatment efficacy, serious side effects, and poor patient compliance of current medications. Recently, a class of compounds known as tetrahydroprotoberberines, which includes the compound d,l-govadine, have shown promise in preclinical rodent tests relevant to schizophrenia. To date, the effect of govadine on prepulse inhibition (PPI), a test for sensorimotor gating commonly used to assess the effects of putative treatments for schizophrenia, has not been determined. OBJECTIVES The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of each enantiomer of govadine (d- and l-govadine) on PPI alone and its disruption by the distinct pharmacological compounds apomorphine and MK-801. METHODS Male Long-Evans rats were treated systemically with d- or l-govadine and apomorphine or MK-801 prior to PPI. The PPI paradigm employed here included parametric manipulations of the prepulse intensity and the interval between the prepulse and pulse. RESULTS Acute MK-801 (0.15 mg/kg) significantly increased the startle response to startle pulses alone, while both MK-801 and apomorphine (0.2 mg/kg) significantly increased reactivity to prepulse-alone trials. Both MK-801 and apomorphine disrupted PPI. In addition, d-govadine alone significantly disrupted PPI in the apomorphine experiment. Pretreatment with l-, but not d-, govadine (1.0 mg/kg) blocked the effect of apomorphine and MK-801 on PPI. Treatment of rats with l-govadine alone (0.3, 1.0, 3.0 mg/kg) also dose-dependently increased PPI. CONCLUSIONS Given the high affinity of l-govadine for dopamine D2 receptors, these results suggest that further testing of l-govadine as an antipsychotic is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney R Lins
- Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan, GD30.7, Health Sciences Building, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Wendie N Marks
- Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan, GD30.7, Health Sciences Building, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Anthony G Phillips
- Department of Psychiatry, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - John G Howland
- Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan, GD30.7, Health Sciences Building, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
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Yamaguchi Y, Atsumi T, Poirot R, Lee YA, Kato A, Goto Y. Dopamine-dependent visual attention preference to social stimuli in nonhuman primates. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:1113-1120. [PMID: 28154891 PMCID: PMC5352745 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4544-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Dopamine (DA) plays a central role in reward processing. Accumulating evidence suggests that social interaction and social stimuli have rewarding properties that activate the DA reward circuits. However, few studies have attempted to investigate how DA is involved in the processing of social stimuli. OBJECTIVES In this study, we investigated the effects of pharmacological manipulations of DA D1 and D2 receptors on social vs. nonsocial visual attention preference in macaques. METHODS Japanese macaques were subjected to behavioral tests in which visual attention toward social (monkey faces with and without affective expressions) and nonsocial stimuli was examined, with D1 and D2 antagonist administration. RESULTS The macaques exhibited significantly longer durations of gazing toward the images with social cues than did those with nonsocial cues. Both D1 and D2 antagonist administration decreased duration of gazing toward the social images with and without affective valences. In addition, although D1 antagonist administration increased the duration of gazing toward the nonsocial images, D2 antagonism had no effect. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that both D1 and D2 receptors may have roles in the processing of social signals but through separate mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshie Yamaguchi
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, 41-2 Kanrin, Inuyama, Aichi, 484-8506, Japan
| | - Takeshi Atsumi
- Department of Rehabilitation for Brain Functions, Research Institute of Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8555, Japan
| | - Romain Poirot
- Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, 31076, Toulouse, France
| | - Young-A Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Gyounbuk, 38430, South Korea
| | - Akemi Kato
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, 41-2 Kanrin, Inuyama, Aichi, 484-8506, Japan
| | - Yukiori Goto
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, 41-2 Kanrin, Inuyama, Aichi, 484-8506, Japan.
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Lupinsky D, Moquin L, Gratton A. Interhemispheric regulation of the rat medial prefrontal cortical glutamate stress response: role of local GABA- and dopamine-sensitive mechanisms. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:353-363. [PMID: 27822602 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4468-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE We previously reported that stressors increase medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) glutamate (GLU) levels as a result of activating callosal neurons located in the opposite hemisphere and that this PFC GLU stress response is regulated by GLU-, dopamine- (DA-), and GABA-sensitive mechanisms (Lupinsky et al. 2010). OBJECTIVES Here, we examine the possibility that PFC DA regulates the stress responsivity of callosal neurons indirectly by acting at D1 and D2 receptors located on GABA interneurons. METHODS Microdialysis combined with drug perfusion (reverse dialysis) or microinjections was used in adult male Long-Evans rats to characterize D1, D2, and GABAB receptor-mediated regulation of the PFC GABA response to tail-pinch (TP) stress. RESULTS We report that TP stress reliably elicited comparable increases in extracellular GABA in the left and right PFCs. SCH23390 (D1 antagonist; 100 μM perfusate concentration) perfused by reverse microdialysis attenuated the local GABA stress responses equally in the left and right PFCs. Intra-PFC raclopride perfusion (D2 antagonist; 100 μM) had the opposite effect, not only potentiating the local GABA stress response but also causing a transient elevation in basal (pre-stress) GABA. Moreover, unilateral PFC raclopride microinjection (6 nmol) attenuated the GLU response to TP stress in the contralateral PFC. Finally, intra-PFC baclofen perfusion (GABAB agonist; 100 μM) inhibited the local GLU and GABA stress responses. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings implicate PFC GABA interneurons in processing stressful stimuli, showing that local D1, D2, and GABAB receptor-mediated changes in PFC GABA transmission play a crucial role in the interhemispheric regulation of GLU stress responsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Lupinsky
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, H4H 1R3, Canada.
- Douglas Institute Research Center, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Montréal, Québec, H4H 1R3, Canada.
| | - Luc Moquin
- Douglas Institute Research Center, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Montréal, Québec, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Alain Gratton
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, H4H 1R3, Canada
- Douglas Institute Research Center, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Montréal, Québec, H4H 1R3, Canada
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Worhunsky PD, Matuskey D, Gallezot JD, Gaiser EC, Nabulsi N, Angarita GA, Calhoun VD, Malison RT, Potenza MN, Carson RE. Regional and source-based patterns of [ 11C]-(+)-PHNO binding potential reveal concurrent alterations in dopamine D 2 and D 3 receptor availability in cocaine-use disorder. Neuroimage 2017; 148:343-351. [PMID: 28110088 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine type 2 and type 3 receptors (D2R/D3R) appear critical to addictive disorders. Cocaine-use disorder (CUD) is associated with lower D2R availability and greater D3R availability in regions primarily expressing D2R or D3R concentrations, respectively. However, these CUD-related alterations in D2R and D3R have not been concurrently detected using available dopaminergic radioligands. Furthermore, receptor availability in regions of mixed D2R/D3R concentration in CUD remains unclear. The current study aimed to extend investigations of CUD-related alterations in D2R and D3R availability using regional and source-based analyses of [11C]-(+)-PHNO positron emission tomography (PET) of 26 individuals with CUD and 26 matched healthy comparison (HC) participants. Regional analysis detected greater binding potential (BPND) in CUD in the midbrain, consistent with prior [11C]-(+)-PHNO research, and lower BPND in CUD in the dorsal striatum, consistent with research using non-selective D2R/D3R radiotracers. Exploratory independent component analysis (ICA) identified three sources of BPND (striatopallidal, pallidonigral, and mesoaccumbens sources) that represent systems of brain regions displaying coherent variation in receptor availability. The striatopallidal source was associated with estimates of regional D2R-related proportions of BPND (calculated using independent reports of [11C]-(+)-PHNO receptor binding fractions), was lower in intensity in CUD and negatively associated with years of cocaine use. By comparison, the pallidonigral source was associated with estimates of regional D3R distribution, was greater in intensity in CUD and positively associated with years of cocaine use. The current study extends previous D2R/D3R research in CUD, demonstrating both lower BPND in the D2R-rich dorsal striatum and greater BPND in the D3R-rich midbrain using a single radiotracer. In addition, exploratory ICA identified sources of [11C]-(+)-PHNO BPND that were correlated with regional estimates of D2R-related and D3R-related proportions of BPND, were consistent with regional differences in CUD, and suggest receptor alterations in CUD may also be present in regions of mixed D2R/D3R concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D Worhunsky
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - David Matuskey
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Edward C Gaiser
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nabeel Nabulsi
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Vince D Calhoun
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA; The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Robert T Malison
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Richard E Carson
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Abstract
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a hyperkinetic movement disorder that can occur as a side effect of treatment with antipsychotic medications. Because antipsychotics block the D2 family of dopamine receptors in the striatum, it has long been suspected this blockade contributes to the development of TD. Specifically, increased sensitivity of the dopamine receptors following chronic blockade has been thought to result in abnormal functioning of the frontal-subcortical (FSC) skeletomotor circuit and the symptoms of TD. However, this hypothesis remains unproven. In recent years, substantial research has focused on the basal ganglia and FSC circuits. This research has resulted in the development of the focused selection model of skeletomotor circuit function. This hypothesis provides a compelling model of neurocircuit abnormalities in TD. A greater understanding of the neuropathology of TD may lead to the development of better treatment and prevention strategies for this disorder. Furthermore, this information may contribute to a more complete understanding of normal skeletomotor circuit function and the role of circuit pathology in numerous neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Marchand
- George E. Wahlen VAMC and the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, 84148, USA
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27
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Zagórska A, Gryzło B, Satała G, Bojarski AJ, Głuch-Lutwin M, Mordyl B, Kazek G, Pawłowski M. RECEPTOR AFFINITY AND PHOSPHODIESTERASES 4B AND 10A ACTIVITY OF OCTAHYDRO- AND 6,7-DIMETHOXY-3,4-DIHYDRO- ISOQUINOLIN-2(1H)-YL-ALKYL DERIVATIVES OF IMIDAZO- AND PYRIMIDINO[2,1-f]PURINES. Acta Pol Pharm 2016; 73:369-377. [PMID: 27180429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of octahydro- and 6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro- isoquinolin-2(1H)-yl-alkyl derivatives of imidazo- and pyrimidino[2,1-f]purines were synthesized and biologically evaluated in in vitro competition binding experiments for serotonin 5-HT(1A), 5-HT(6), 5-HT(7), and dopamine D2 receptors and inhibitory potencies for phosphodiesterases - PDE4B1 and PDE10A. The structure-activity relationships allowed to determine the structural features responsible for receptor and enzyme activity. Compound 5 (8-(4-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroiso- quinolin-2(1H)butyl)1,3-dimethyl-H-imidazo[2,1-f]purine-2,4(3H,8H)-dione) could be regarded as promising structure for further modification and detailed mechanistic study for obtained hybrid ligands.
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Mohd-Yusof A, Veliz A, Rudberg KN, Stone MJ, Gonzalez AE, McDougall SA. Effects of D2 or combined D1/D2 receptor antagonism on the methamphetamine-induced one-trial and multi-trial behavioral sensitization of preweanling rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:893-903. [PMID: 26650612 PMCID: PMC4752886 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-015-4170-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE There is suggestive evidence that the neural mechanisms mediating one-trial and multi-trial behavioral sensitization differ, especially when the effects of various classes of dopamine (DA) agonists are examined. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to determine the role of the D2 receptor for the induction of one-trial and multi-trial methamphetamine sensitization in preweanling rats. METHODS In a series of experiments, rats were injected with saline or raclopride (a selective D2 receptor antagonist), either alone or in combination with SCH23390 (a selective D1 receptor antagonist), 15 min prior to treatment with the indirect DA agonist methamphetamine. Acute control groups were given two injections of saline. This pretreatment regimen occurred on either postnatal days (PD) 13-16 (multi-trial) or PD 16 (one-trial). On PD 17, rats were challenged with methamphetamine and locomotor sensitization was determined. RESULTS Blockade of D2 or D1/D2 receptors reduced or prevented, respectively, the induction of multi-trial methamphetamine sensitization in young rats, while the same manipulations had minimal effects on one-trial behavioral sensitization. CONCLUSIONS DA antagonist treatment differentially affected the methamphetamine-induced sensitized responding of preweanling rats depending on whether a one-trial or multi-trial procedure was used. The basis for this effect is uncertain, but there was some evidence that repeated DA antagonist treatment caused nonspecific changes that produced a weakened sensitized response. Importantly, DA antagonist treatment did not prevent the one-trial behavioral sensitization of preweanling rats. The latter result brings into question whether DA receptor stimulation is necessary for the induction of psychostimulant-induced behavioral sensitization during early ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Mohd-Yusof
- Department of Psychology, 5500 University Parkway, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, 92407, USA
| | - Ana Veliz
- Department of Psychology, 5500 University Parkway, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, 92407, USA
| | - Krista N Rudberg
- Department of Psychology, 5500 University Parkway, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, 92407, USA
| | - Michelle J Stone
- Department of Psychology, 5500 University Parkway, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, 92407, USA
| | - Ashley E Gonzalez
- Department of Psychology, 5500 University Parkway, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, 92407, USA
- Present address: A.E. Gonzalez, Neurosciences Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1215 Welch Road Modular B, #42, Stanford, CA, 94305-5400, USA
| | - Sanders A McDougall
- Department of Psychology, 5500 University Parkway, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, 92407, USA.
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29
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Correa M, Pardo M, Bayarri P, López-Cruz L, San Miguel N, Valverde O, Ledent C, Salamone JD. Choosing voluntary exercise over sucrose consumption depends upon dopamine transmission: effects of haloperidol in wild type and adenosine A₂AKO mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:393-404. [PMID: 26554387 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-015-4127-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Mesolimbic dopamine (DA) regulates behavioral activation and effort-related decision-making in motivated behaviors. Mesolimbic DA D2 receptors are co-localized with adenosine A2A receptors, and they interact in an antagonistic manner. OBJECTIVES A T-maze task was developed to assess dopaminergic involvement in preference between a reinforcer that involves vigorous voluntary activity (running wheel) and a reinforcer that requires minimal behavioral activation (sucrose pellets). Haloperidol (D2 antagonist) was administered to adenosine A2A receptor knockout (A2AKO) and wild-type (WT) littermate controls to assess the involvement of these two receptors in the selection of running wheel activity versus sucrose consumption. RESULTS Under control conditions, mice spent more time running and less time eating. In WT mice, haloperidol reduced time running but actually increased time-consuming sucrose. However, A2AKO mice did not show the haloperidol-induced shift from running wheel activity to sucrose intake. Prefeeding reduced sucrose consumption in the T-maze in both strains, indicating that this paradigm is sensitive to motivational devaluation. Haloperidol increased c-Fos immunoreactivity in anterior cingulate cortex (ACg) and nucleus accumbens (Acb) core of WT but not KO mice. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that after DA antagonism, the preference for vigorous physical activity is reduced, while palatable food selection increases. Adenosine A2A receptor deletion provides resistance to these effects of D2 receptor antagonism. These two receptors in Acb core and ACg seem to be involved in the regulation of the intrinsic reinforcing characteristics of voluntary exercise but not in the regulation of the primary reinforcing characteristics of palatable sedentary reinforcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercè Correa
- Department of Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló, Spain.
| | - Marta Pardo
- Department of Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló, Spain.
| | - Pilar Bayarri
- Department of Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló, Spain.
| | - Laura López-Cruz
- Department of Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló, Spain.
| | - Noemí San Miguel
- Department of Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló, Spain.
| | - Olga Valverde
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra and IMIM-Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Catherine Ledent
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, IRIBHM, Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - John D Salamone
- Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
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Nørbak-Emig H, Ebdrup BH, Fagerlund B, Svarer C, Rasmussen H, Friberg L, Allerup PN, Rostrup E, Pinborg LH, Glenthøj BY. Frontal D2/3 Receptor Availability in Schizophrenia Patients Before and After Their First Antipsychotic Treatment: Relation to Cognitive Functions and Psychopathology. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 19:pyw006. [PMID: 26819282 PMCID: PMC4886673 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyw006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously reported associations between frontal D2/3 receptor binding potential positive symptoms and cognitive deficits in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients. Here, we examined the effect of dopamine D2/3 receptor blockade on cognition. Additionally, we explored the relation between frontal D2/3 receptor availability and treatment effect on positive symptoms. METHODS Twenty-five antipsychotic-naïve first-episode schizophrenia patients were examined with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, tested with the cognitive test battery Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, scanned with single-photon emission computerized tomography using the dopamine D2/3 receptor ligand [(123)I]epidepride, and scanned with MRI. After 3 months of treatment with either risperidone (n=13) or zuclopenthixol (n=9), 22 patients were reexamined. RESULTS Blockade of extrastriatal dopamine D2/3 receptors was correlated with decreased attentional focus (r = -0.615, P=.003) and planning time (r = -0.436, P=.048). Moreover, baseline frontal dopamine D2/3 binding potential and positive symptom reduction correlated positively (D2/3 receptor binding potential left frontal cortex rho = 0.56, P=.003; D2/3 receptor binding potential right frontal cortex rho = 0.48, P=.016). CONCLUSIONS Our data support the hypothesis of a negative influence of D2/3 receptor blockade on specific cognitive functions in schizophrenia. This is highly clinically relevant given the well-established association between severity of cognitive disturbances and a poor functional outcome in schizophrenia. Additionally, the findings support associations between frontal D2/3 receptor binding potential at baseline and the effect of antipsychotic treatment on positive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Nørbak-Emig
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig, Ebdrup, Fagerlund, Rasmussen, and Glenthøj); University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig and Glenthøj); Neurobiology Research Unit and Epilepsy Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Svarer and Pinborg); Department of Education, Centre for Research in Compulsory Schooling, Aarhus University, Denmark (Dr Allerup); Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup Hospital, Denmark (Dr Rostrup); Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Hospital, Denmark (Dr Friberg)
| | - Bjørn H Ebdrup
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig, Ebdrup, Fagerlund, Rasmussen, and Glenthøj); University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig and Glenthøj); Neurobiology Research Unit and Epilepsy Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Svarer and Pinborg); Department of Education, Centre for Research in Compulsory Schooling, Aarhus University, Denmark (Dr Allerup); Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup Hospital, Denmark (Dr Rostrup); Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Hospital, Denmark (Dr Friberg)
| | - Birgitte Fagerlund
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig, Ebdrup, Fagerlund, Rasmussen, and Glenthøj); University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig and Glenthøj); Neurobiology Research Unit and Epilepsy Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Svarer and Pinborg); Department of Education, Centre for Research in Compulsory Schooling, Aarhus University, Denmark (Dr Allerup); Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup Hospital, Denmark (Dr Rostrup); Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Hospital, Denmark (Dr Friberg)
| | - Claus Svarer
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig, Ebdrup, Fagerlund, Rasmussen, and Glenthøj); University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig and Glenthøj); Neurobiology Research Unit and Epilepsy Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Svarer and Pinborg); Department of Education, Centre for Research in Compulsory Schooling, Aarhus University, Denmark (Dr Allerup); Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup Hospital, Denmark (Dr Rostrup); Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Hospital, Denmark (Dr Friberg)
| | - Hans Rasmussen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig, Ebdrup, Fagerlund, Rasmussen, and Glenthøj); University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig and Glenthøj); Neurobiology Research Unit and Epilepsy Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Svarer and Pinborg); Department of Education, Centre for Research in Compulsory Schooling, Aarhus University, Denmark (Dr Allerup); Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup Hospital, Denmark (Dr Rostrup); Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Hospital, Denmark (Dr Friberg)
| | - Lars Friberg
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig, Ebdrup, Fagerlund, Rasmussen, and Glenthøj); University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig and Glenthøj); Neurobiology Research Unit and Epilepsy Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Svarer and Pinborg); Department of Education, Centre for Research in Compulsory Schooling, Aarhus University, Denmark (Dr Allerup); Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup Hospital, Denmark (Dr Rostrup); Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Hospital, Denmark (Dr Friberg)
| | - Peter N Allerup
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig, Ebdrup, Fagerlund, Rasmussen, and Glenthøj); University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig and Glenthøj); Neurobiology Research Unit and Epilepsy Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Svarer and Pinborg); Department of Education, Centre for Research in Compulsory Schooling, Aarhus University, Denmark (Dr Allerup); Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup Hospital, Denmark (Dr Rostrup); Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Hospital, Denmark (Dr Friberg)
| | - Egill Rostrup
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig, Ebdrup, Fagerlund, Rasmussen, and Glenthøj); University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig and Glenthøj); Neurobiology Research Unit and Epilepsy Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Svarer and Pinborg); Department of Education, Centre for Research in Compulsory Schooling, Aarhus University, Denmark (Dr Allerup); Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup Hospital, Denmark (Dr Rostrup); Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Hospital, Denmark (Dr Friberg)
| | - Lars H Pinborg
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig, Ebdrup, Fagerlund, Rasmussen, and Glenthøj); University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig and Glenthøj); Neurobiology Research Unit and Epilepsy Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Svarer and Pinborg); Department of Education, Centre for Research in Compulsory Schooling, Aarhus University, Denmark (Dr Allerup); Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup Hospital, Denmark (Dr Rostrup); Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Hospital, Denmark (Dr Friberg)
| | - Birte Y Glenthøj
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig, Ebdrup, Fagerlund, Rasmussen, and Glenthøj); University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Nørbak-Emig and Glenthøj); Neurobiology Research Unit and Epilepsy Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Svarer and Pinborg); Department of Education, Centre for Research in Compulsory Schooling, Aarhus University, Denmark (Dr Allerup); Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup Hospital, Denmark (Dr Rostrup); Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Hospital, Denmark (Dr Friberg).
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Frau R, Mosher LJ, Bini V, Pillolla G, Pes R, Saba P, Fanni S, Devoto P, Bortolato M. The neurosteroidogenic enzyme 5α-reductase modulates the role of D1 dopamine receptors in rat sensorimotor gating. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2016; 63:59-67. [PMID: 26415119 PMCID: PMC4695380 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Neurosteroids exert diverse modulatory actions on dopamine neurotransmission and signaling. We previously documented that the enzyme 5α-reductase, which catalyzes the main rate-limiting step in neurosteroid synthesis, is required for the behavioral responses of Sprague-Dawley rats to non-selective dopaminergic agonists, such as the D1-D2 receptor agonist apomorphine. Specifically, systemic and intra-accumbal administrations of the 5α-reductase inhibitor finasteride countered apomorphine-induced deficits of sensorimotor gating, as measured by the prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex; the classes of dopamine receptors involved in these effects, however, remain unknown. Prior rodent studies have revealed that the contributions of dopamine receptors to PPI regulation vary depending on the genetic background; thus, we analyzed the effect of finasteride on the PPI deficits induced by selective dopamine receptor agonists in Long-Evans (a strain exhibiting PPI deficits in response to both D1 and D2 receptor agonists) and Sprague-Dawley rats (which display PPI reductions following treatment with D2, and D3, but not D1 receptor agonists). In Long-Evans rats, finasteride opposed the PPI deficits induced by activation of D1, but not D2 receptors; conversely, in Sprague-Dawley rats, finasteride prevented the reductions in %PPI and accumbal dopamine extracellular levels caused by selective stimulation of D3, but not D2 receptors; however, the effects on %PPI were not confirmed by analyses on absolute PPI values. Our findings suggest that 5α-reductase modulates the effects of D1, but not D2 receptor agonists on sensorimotor gating. These data may help elucidate the role of neurosteroids in neuropsychiatric disorders featuring PPI deficits, including schizophrenia and Tourette syndrome.
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MESH Headings
- 3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase/metabolism
- 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Animals
- Dopamine Agonists/pharmacology
- Finasteride/pharmacology
- Male
- Microdialysis
- Nucleus Accumbens/drug effects
- Nucleus Accumbens/metabolism
- Prepulse Inhibition/drug effects
- Prepulse Inhibition/physiology
- Rats
- Rats, Long-Evans
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D3/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine D3/metabolism
- Reflex, Startle/drug effects
- Reflex, Startle/physiology
- Sensory Gating/drug effects
- Sensory Gating/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Frau
- "Guy Everett" Laboratory, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Tourette Syndrome Center, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Laura J Mosher
- Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA; Consortium for Translational Research on Aggression and Drug Abuse (ConTRADA), University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA; Problem Gambling Research Studies (ProGResS) Network, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Valentina Bini
- "Guy Everett" Laboratory, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Tourette Syndrome Center, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuliano Pillolla
- "Guy Everett" Laboratory, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Romina Pes
- "Guy Everett" Laboratory, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Pierluigi Saba
- "Guy Everett" Laboratory, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Silvia Fanni
- "Guy Everett" Laboratory, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paola Devoto
- "Guy Everett" Laboratory, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Tourette Syndrome Center, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Bortolato
- Tourette Syndrome Center, University of Cagliari, Italy; Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA; Consortium for Translational Research on Aggression and Drug Abuse (ConTRADA), University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA; Problem Gambling Research Studies (ProGResS) Network, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
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Yun I, Lee J, Kim SG. Dopaminergic Polymorphisms, Academic Achievement, and Violent Delinquency. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol 2015; 59:1409-1428. [PMID: 25326467 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x14554381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent research in the field of educational psychology points to the salience of self-control in accounting for the variance in students' report card grades. At the same time, a novel empirical study from molecular genetics drawing on the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) data has revealed that polymorphisms in three dopaminergic genes (dopamine transporter [DAT1], dopamine D2 receptor [DRD2], and dopamine D4 receptor [DRD4]) are also linked to adolescents' grade point averages (GPAs). Juxtaposing these two lines of research, the current study reanalyzed the Add Health genetic subsample to assess the relative effects of these dopaminergic genes and self-control on GPAs. The results showed that the effects of the latter were far stronger than those of the former. The interaction effects between the dopaminergic genes and a set of environmental factors on academic performance were also examined, producing findings that are aligned with the "social push hypothesis" in behavioral genetics. Finally, based on the criminological literature on the link between academic performance and delinquency, we tested whether dopaminergic effects on violent delinquency were mediated by GPAs. The results demonstrated that academic performance fully mediated the linkage between these genes and violent delinquency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julak Lee
- Kyonggi University, Suwon-si, South Korea
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33
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Koch HJ. Severe Quetiapine Withdrawal Syndrome with Nausea and Vomiting in a 65-year-old Patient with Psychotic Depression. Therapie 2015; 70:537-8. [PMID: 26242495 DOI: 10.2515/therapie/2015036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A 65-year old patient suffering from severe psychotic depression obtained quetiapine for roughly one year. Several attempts to discontinue quetiapine by tapering the dose provoked severe withdrawal symptoms with nausea and vomitus. Pretreatment with domperidone largely prevented withdrawal so that he finally could successfully discontinue quetiapine administration.
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Oberlin BG, Albrecht DS, Herring CM, Walters JW, Hile KL, Kareken DA, Yoder KK. Monetary discounting and ventral striatal dopamine receptor availability in nontreatment-seeking alcoholics and social drinkers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2015; 232:2207-16. [PMID: 25563235 PMCID: PMC4545519 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3850-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Dopamine (DA) in the ventral striatum (VST) has long been implicated in addiction pathologies, yet its role in temporal decision-making is not well-understood. OBJECTIVES To determine if VST DA D2 receptor availability corresponds with greater impulsive choice in both nontreatment-seeking alcoholics (NTS) and social drinkers (SD). METHODS NTS subjects (n = 10) and SD (n = 13) received PET scans at baseline with the D2/D3 radioligand [(11)C]raclopride (RAC). Outside the scanner, subjects performed a delay discounting procedure with monetary rewards. RAC binding potential (BPND) was estimated voxelwise, and correlations were performed to test for relationships between VST BPND and delay discounting performance. Self-reported impulsivity was also tested for correlations with BPND. RESULTS Across all subjects, greater impulsive choice for $20 correlated with lower BPND in the right VST. NTS showed greater impulsive choice than SD and were more impulsive by self-report. Across all subjects, the capacity of larger rewards to reduce impulsive choice (the magnitude effect) correlated negatively (p = 0.028) with problematic alcohol use (AUDIT) scores. Self-reported impulsivity did not correlate with BPND in VST. CONCLUSIONS Preference for immediate reinforcement may reflect greater endogenous striatal DA or lower D2 number, or both. Alcoholic status did not mediate significant effects on VST BPND, suggesting minimal effects from alcohol exposure. The apparent lack of BPND correlation with self-reported impulsivity highlights the need for objective behavioral assays in the study of the neurochemical substrates of behavior. Finally, our results suggest that the magnitude effect may be more sensitive to alcohol-induced problems than single discounting measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon G. Oberlin
- Indiana University Center for Neuroimaging
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSOM), Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Daniel S. Albrecht
- Indiana University Center for Neuroimaging
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, IUSOM
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, IUSOM
| | - Christine M. Herring
- Indiana University Center for Neuroimaging
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, IUSOM
| | - James W. Walters
- Indiana University Center for Neuroimaging
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, IUSOM
| | - Karen L. Hile
- Indiana University Center for Neuroimaging
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, IUSOM
| | - David A. Kareken
- Indiana University Center for Neuroimaging
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSOM), Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, IUSOM
- Department of Psychiatry, IUSOM
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, IUSOM
| | - Karmen K. Yoder
- Indiana University Center for Neuroimaging
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, IUSOM
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, IUSOM
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis
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Blum K, Febo M, Thanos PK, Baron D, Fratantonio J, Gold M. Clinically Combating Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) with Dopamine Agonist Therapy as a Paradigm Shift: Dopamine for Dinner? Mol Neurobiol 2015; 52:1862-1869. [PMID: 25750061 PMCID: PMC4586005 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9110-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Everyday, there are several millions of people that are increasingly unable to combat their frustrating and even fatal romance with getting high and/or experiencing “normal” feelings of well-being. In the USA, the FDA has approved pharmaceuticals for drug and alcohol abuse: tobacco and nicotine replacement therapy. The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) remarkably continue to provide an increasing understanding of the intricate functions of brain reward circuitry through sophisticated neuroimaging and molecular genetic applied technology. Similar work is intensely investigated on a worldwide basis with enhanced clarity and increased interaction between not only individual scientists but across many disciplines. However, while it is universally agreed that dopamine is a major neurotransmitter in terms of reward dependence, there remains controversy regarding how to modulate its role clinically to treat and prevent relapse for both substance and non-substance-related addictive behaviors. While the existing FDA-approved medications promote blocking dopamine, we argue that a more prudent paradigm shift should be biphasic—short-term blockade and long-term upregulation, enhancing functional connectivity of brain reward circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Blum
- Department of Psychiatry and McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, P. O. Box 100256, Gainesville, FL 32610-0256 USA
- Human Integrated Services Unit, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA
- Division of Applied Clinical Research, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI USA
- Department of Addiction Research and Therapy, Malibu Beach Recovery Center, Malibu, CA USA
| | - Marcelo Febo
- Department of Psychiatry and McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, P. O. Box 100256, Gainesville, FL 32610-0256 USA
| | - Panayotis K. Thanos
- Behavior Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - David Baron
- Department of Psychiatry, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - James Fratantonio
- Division of Applied Clinical Research, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI USA
| | - Mark Gold
- Department of Psychiatry and McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, P. O. Box 100256, Gainesville, FL 32610-0256 USA
- Department of Research, Rivermernd Health, Atlanta, GA USA
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Weiland BJ, Heitzeg MM, Zald D, Cummiford C, Love T, Zucker RA, Zubieta JK. Relationship between impulsivity, prefrontal anticipatory activation, and striatal dopamine release during rewarded task performance. Psychiatry Res 2014; 223:244-52. [PMID: 24969539 PMCID: PMC4136473 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Impulsivity, and in particular the negative urgency aspect of this trait, is associated with poor inhibitory control when experiencing negative emotion. Individual differences in aspects of impulsivity have been correlated with striatal dopamine D2/D3 receptor availability and function. This multi-modal pilot study used both positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate dopaminergic and neural activity, respectively, using modified versions of the monetary incentive delay task. Twelve healthy female subjects underwent both scans and completed the NEO Personality Inventory Revised to assess Impulsiveness (IMP). We examined the relationship between nucleus accumbens (NAcc) dopaminergic incentive/reward release, measured as a change in D2/D3 binding potential between neutral and incentive/reward conditions with [(11)C]raclopride PET, and blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) activation elicited during the anticipation of rewards, measured with fMRI. Left NAcc incentive/reward dopaminergic release correlated with anticipatory reward activation within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), left angular gyrus, mammillary bodies, and left superior frontal cortex. Activation in the mPFC negatively correlated with IMP and mediated the relationship between IMP and incentive/reward dopaminergic release in left NAcc. The mPFC, with a regulatory role in learning and valuation, may influence dopamine incentive/reward release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J Weiland
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Mary M Heitzeg
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David Zald
- Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Chelsea Cummiford
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tiffany Love
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Robert A Zucker
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jon-Kar Zubieta
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Gulick D, Chau DT, Khokhar JY, Dawson R, Green AI. Desipramine enhances the ability of risperidone to decrease alcohol intake in the Syrian golden hamster. Psychiatry Res 2014; 218:329-34. [PMID: 24836200 PMCID: PMC4407141 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The atypical antipsychotic clozapine reduces alcohol drinking in patients with schizophrenia. We have proposed that clozapine׳s ability to decrease alcohol drinking relates to its weak blockade of the dopamine D2 receptor and potent blockade of the norepinephrine α-2 receptor, as well as its ability to elevate plasma and brain norepinephrine. Another atypical antipsychotic, risperidone, which is a potent blocker of both the dopamine D2 receptor and norepinephrine α-2 receptor, does not decrease alcohol drinking. In this study, we used the Syrian golden hamster to test whether the ability of risperidone to reduce alcohol drinking would be enhanced if it was used in combination with the norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor desipramine. Hamsters were given free access to water and alcohol (15% v/v) until they reached a steady drinking baseline. They were then treated daily with each drug or drug combination for 20 days. Risperidone (0.2mg/kg) only transiently decreased alcohol drinking. However, 5.0mg/kg, and possibly 1.0mg/kg, desipramine added to 0.2mg/kg risperidone appeared to produce a more substantial and relatively sustained effect than risperidone alone. Data from this study provide leads toward the development of new treatments for patients with schizophrenia and alcoholism, and also for those with alcoholism alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Gulick
- Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - David T Chau
- Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Jibran Y Khokhar
- Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Ree Dawson
- Frontier Science Research and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alan I Green
- Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA; The Dartmouth Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
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German CL, Hoonakker AH, Fleckenstein AE, Hanson GR. Mephedrone alters basal ganglia and limbic neurotensin systems. J Neurochem 2014; 130:402-7. [PMID: 24678634 PMCID: PMC4107087 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone) is a synthetic cathinone designer drug that alters pre-synaptic dopamine (DA) activity like many psychostimulants. However, little is known about the post-synaptic dopaminergic impacts of mephedrone. The neuropeptide neurotensin (NT) provides inhibitory feedback for basal ganglia and limbic DA pathways, and post-synaptic D1 -like and D2 -like receptor activity affects NT tissue levels. This study evaluated how mephedrone alters basal ganglia and limbic system NT content and the role of NT receptor activation in drug consumption behavior. Four 25 mg/kg injections of mephedrone increased NT content in basal ganglia (striatum, substantia nigra and globus pallidus) and the limbic regions (nucleus accumbens core), while a lower dosage (5 mg/kg/injection) only increased striatal NT content. Mephedrone-induced increases in basal ganglia NT levels were mediated by D1 -like receptors in the striatum and the substantia nigra by both D1 -like and D2 -like receptors in the globus pallidus. Mephedrone increased substance P content, another neuropeptide, in the globus pallidus, but not in the dorsal striatum or substantia nigra. Finally, the NT receptor agonist PD149163 blocked mephedrone self-administration, suggesting reduced NT release, as indicated by increased tissue levels, likely contributing to patterns of mephedrone consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L German
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Wachowska-Kelly P, Walecka-Kapica E, Wojtkiewicz P, Pawłowicz M, Klupińska G, Chojnacki C. [Efficacy of sulpiride and itopride in the treatment of functional dyspepsia in women with emotional and eating disorders]. Pol Merkur Lekarski 2014; 37:39-42. [PMID: 25154198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Functional dyspepsia is often accompanied by emotional disturbances, especially in postmenopausal women. Impaired homeostasis of the dopaminergic system maybe one of the common pathogenetic factors. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of drugs which block dopamine D2 receptors on psychosomatic condition in postmenopausal women. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was conducted in a group of 60 women, aged 53-61 years, with postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) that met the Rome Criteria III. The severity of dyspeptic symptoms was determined statistically using a 10-point Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The emotional state was estimated with the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), whereas the body mass index (BMI) was the indicator of the nutritional status. Sulpiride (2 x 50 mg) was administered to 30 women for 16 weeks and itopride (2 x 50 mg) to 30 others. RESULTS After sulpiride and itopride treatment equal decrease of dyspeptic symptoms was observed, respectively from 9.08 to 4.76 pts and from 9.02 to 4.64 pts. Significant reduction in the level of anxiety (p < 0.001) and depression (p < 0.01) was obtained in both groups, slightly higher after sulpiride. However, no significant change in BMI was found. CONCLUSIONS Sulpiride and itopride are effective in the treatment of dyspepsia in the form of postprandial distress syndrome. These drugs in the several-month treatment have no significant effect on body weight.
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Abstract
CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that the regulation of D2 receptors may be frequency specific. The reduction in cochlear microphonics (CM) and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) amplitudes after perfusion with a D2 antagonist suggests that this receptor plays a role in the regulation of cochlear hair cell activation. OBJECTIVES Dopaminergic terminals are subject to negative feedback from dopamine D2 receptors. In the present study we investigated whether the regulation of dopamine D2 receptor is frequency specific and evaluated changes in CM in guinea pig cochlea. METHODS A total of 30 male guinea pigs were randomly assigned to 3 groups and perfused with artificial perilymph (AP), AP containing ethanol (0.1%), or a D2 antagonist (L741626) for 2 h. In each group, compound action potentials (CAPs) evoked by a 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 or 24 kHz tone pip, CM evoked by 4 kHz tone bursts, and DPOAEs were measured before and 2 h after perilymphatic perfusion. RESULTS Perfusion with the D2 antagonist resulted in increased CAP thresholds compared with the other two groups at high frequencies (4, 8, 16, 24 kHz, p < 0.05); however, no significant increase was observed at low frequencies (1, 2 kHz, p > 0.05). There was a significant reduction in DPOAEs and CM amplitudes after the 2 h perfusion with the D2 antagonist. A CM input/output (I/O) function curve plotted with the stimulating level as input and the CM relative amplitude as output indicated obvious nonlinearity after the 2 h perfusion in all three groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Peking University People's Hospital , Beijing
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41
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Rusu G, Popa G, Ochiuz L, Nechifor M, Tartau L. Effects of some dopamine antagonists on spatial memory performance in rats--experimental research. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2014; 118:116-124. [PMID: 24741787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Dopamine is a neurotransmitter with an important role in forming long-lasting memories for some time, especially in episodic memory. Literature data show that dopamine receptor stimulation may be detrimental to spatial working memory functions in lab animals. (R)-(+)-7-Chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine hydrochloride derivative--SCH-23390 is a synthetic compound that acts as a selective, high-affinity antagonist of D1 receptors. Experimental studies suggest that SCH 23390 may prevent the spatial working memory disturbances induced by the active substances of marijuana. Melperone is an atypic antipsychotic drug presenting also dopaminergic D2 and 5-HT2A receptor antagonistic activity. This neuroleptic agent is used in the treatment of some types of schizophrenia. AIM Experimental research on the effects of two dopamine receptor antagonists on spatial memory performance in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS The experiment was carried out in white Wistar rats (200-250g), divided into 3 groups of 7 animals each, treated intraperitoneally with the same volume of solution for 14 days, as follows: Group I (Control): saline solution 0.1 ml/10g kbw; Group II (coded SCH): SCH-23390 0.3 mg/kbw; Group III (coded MLP): melperone 2 mg/kbw. The dopaminergic agent spatial memory performance was assessed by recording spontaneous alternation behavior in a single session in Y-maze. Each animal was placed at the end of one arm and allowed to move freely through the maze during an 8 min session. Alternation was defined as a consecutive entry in three different arms. The alternation percentage was computed with the following formula: number of alternations divided by total number of arm visits minus 2. Data were presented as +/- standard deviation and significance was tested by SPSS Statistics for Windows version 13.0 and ANOVA method. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant compared to those in the control group. Experimental researches were carried out in compliance with the regulations of our University Committee for Research and Ethical Issues. RESULTS SCH-23390 (0.3 mg/kbw) and melperone (2 mg/kbw) intraperitoneal injection for 14 days determined a statistically significant (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) increase in spontaneous alternation rate (compared to controls in Y-maze test). CONCLUSIONS Our research revealed that the 14 consecutive days administration of these two dopamine receptor antagonists was associated with the improvement of short-term memory in rats, more intense for SCH-23390 compound.
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Altamirano-Espinoza AH, González-Hernández A, Manrique-Maldonado G, Marichal-Cancino BA, Ruiz-Salinas I, Villalón CM. The role of dopamine D2, but not D3 or D4, receptor subtypes, in quinpirole-induced inhibition of the cardioaccelerator sympathetic outflow in pithed rats. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 170:1102-11. [PMID: 24032529 PMCID: PMC3949657 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Quinpirole (a dopamine D2-like receptor agonist) inhibits the cardioaccelerator sympathetic outflow in pithed rats by sympathoinhibitory D2-like receptors. The present study was designed to identify pharmacologically the specific D2-like receptor subtypes (i.e. D2 , D3 and D4) involved in this sympathoinhibition by quinpirole. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH One hundred fourteen male Wistar rats were pithed, artificially ventilated with room air and prepared for either preganglionic spinal (C7-T1) stimulation of the cardioaccelerator sympathetic outflow (n = 102) or i.v. bolus injections of exogenous noradrenaline (n = 12). This approach resulted in frequency-dependent and dose-dependent tachycardic responses, respectively, as previously reported by our group. KEY RESULTS I.v. continuous infusions of quinpirole (0.1-10 μg kg(-1) min(-1)), but not of saline (0.02 mL min(-1)), dose-dependently inhibited the sympathetically induced tachycardic responses. Moreover, the cardiac sympathoinhibition induced by 3 μg kg(-1) min(-1) quinpirole (which failed to affect the tachycardic responses to i.v. noradrenaline) was: (i) unchanged after i.v. injections of the antagonists SB-277011-A (D3 ; 100-300 μg kg(-1)) or L-745,870 (D4 ; 30-100 μg kg(-1)); and (ii) markedly blocked and abolished by, respectively, 100 and 300 μg kg(-1) of the D2 preferring receptor subtype antagonist L-741,626. These doses of antagonists, which did not affect per se the sympathetically induced tachycardic responses, were high enough to completely block their respective receptors. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The cardiac sympathoinhibition induced by 3 μg kg(-1) min(-1) quinpirole involves the dopamine D2 receptor subtype, with no evidence for the involvement of the D3 or D4 subtypes. This provides new evidence for understanding the modulation of the cardioaccelerator sympathetic outflow.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Decerebrate State
- Dopamine Agonists/administration & dosage
- Dopamine Agonists/pharmacology
- Dopamine Antagonists/administration & dosage
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Electric Stimulation
- Heart/innervation
- Heart Rate/drug effects
- Infusions, Intravenous
- Injections, Intravenous
- Male
- Norepinephrine/administration & dosage
- Quinpirole/administration & dosage
- Quinpirole/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D3/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine D3/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D4/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine D4/metabolism
- Sympathetic Nervous System/drug effects
- Sympathetic Nervous System/metabolism
- Sympathomimetics/administration & dosage
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - I Ruiz-Salinas
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-CoapaMéxico D.F., México
| | - C M Villalón
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-CoapaMéxico D.F., México
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Clarke WP, Chavera TA, Silva M, Sullivan LC, Berg KA. Signalling profile differences: paliperidone versus risperidone. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 170:532-45. [PMID: 23826915 PMCID: PMC3791992 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Paliperidone is an active metabolite of the second-generation atypical antipsychotic, risperidone recently approved for the treatment of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Because paliperidone differs from risperidone by only a single hydroxyl group, questions have been raised as to whether there are significant differences in the effects elicited between these two drugs. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We compared the relative efficacies of paliperidone versus risperidone to regulate several cellular signalling pathways coupled to four selected GPCR targets that are important for either therapeutic or adverse effects: human dopamine D2 , human serotonin 2A receptor subtype (5-HT2A ), human serotonin 2C receptor subtype and human histamine H1 receptors. KEY RESULTS Whereas the relative efficacies of paliperidone and risperidone were the same for some responses, significant differences were found for several receptor-signalling systems, with paliperidone having greater or less relative efficacy than risperidone depending upon the receptor-response pair. Interestingly, for 5-HT2A -mediated recruitment of β-arrestin, 5-HT2A -mediated sensitization of ERK, and dopamine D2 -mediated sensitization of adenylyl cyclase signalling, both paliperidone and risperidone behaved as agonists. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These results suggest that the single hydroxyl group of paliperidone promotes receptor conformations that can differ from those of risperidone leading to differences in the spectrum of regulation of cellular signal transduction cascades. Such differences in signalling at the cellular level could lead to differences between paliperidone and risperidone in therapeutic efficacy or in the generation of adverse effects.
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MESH Headings
- Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism
- Animals
- Antipsychotic Agents/chemistry
- Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacology
- Arrestins/metabolism
- CHO Cells
- Cricetinae
- Cricetulus
- Dopamine Agonists/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Inverse Agonism
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
- Histamine Agonists/pharmacology
- Humans
- Isoxazoles/chemistry
- Isoxazoles/pharmacology
- Molecular Structure
- Paliperidone Palmitate
- Pyrimidines/chemistry
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/metabolism
- Receptors, Histamine H1/drug effects
- Receptors, Histamine H1/genetics
- Receptors, Histamine H1/metabolism
- Risperidone/chemistry
- Risperidone/pharmacology
- Serotonin Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Transfection
- beta-Arrestins
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Clarke
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
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44
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Abstract
The basolateral amygdala (BLA) and ventral subiculum (vSub) of the hippocampus convey emotion and context information, respectively, to the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Using in vivo extracellular recordings from NAc neurons, we examined how acute and repeated restraint stress alters the plasticity of the vSub and BLA afferent pathways. High-frequency (HFS) and low-frequency (LFS) stimulation was applied to the vSub to assess the impact on NAc responses to vSub and BLA inputs. In addition, iontophoretic application of the dopamine D2-antagonist sulpiride was used to explore the role of dopamine in the NAc in mediating the effects of stress on plasticity. Acute and repeated restraint caused disparate effects on BLA- and vSub-evoked responses in the NAc. Following repeated restraint, but not after acute restraint, HFS of the vSub failed to potentiate the vSub–NAc pathway while instead promoting a long-lasting reduction of the BLA–NAc pathway and these effects were independent of D2-receptor activity. In contrast, LFS to the vSub pathway after acute restraint resulted in potentiation in the vSub–NAc pathway while BLA-evoked responses were unchanged. When sulpiride was applied prior to LFS of the vSub after acute stress, there was a pronounced decrease in vSub-evoked responses similar to control animals. This work provides new insight into the impact of acute and repeated stress on the integration of context and emotion inputs in the NAc. These data support a model of stress whereby the hippocampus is inappropriately activated and dominates the information processing within this circuit via a dopaminergic mechanism after acute bouts of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Gill
- Departments of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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Tsuboi T, Bies RR, Suzuki T, Mamo DC, Pollock BG, Graff-Guerrero A, Mimura M, Uchida H. Hyperprolactinemia and estimated dopamine D2 receptor occupancy in patients with schizophrenia: analysis of the CATIE data. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2013; 45:178-82. [PMID: 23727135 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 05/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large-scale data are still lacking on the relationship between serum prolactin concentration and dopamine D2 receptor occupancy in patients with schizophrenia treated with antipsychotics. METHODS The dataset from 481 subjects (risperidone, N = 172, olanzapine, N = 211, and ziprasidone, N = 98) who participated in Phase 1 of the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials in Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) was used in the present analysis. Dopamine D2 receptor occupancy levels on the day of the measurement of serum prolactin level were estimated from plasma antipsychotic concentrations. A multivariate general linear model was used to examine effects of clinical and demographic characteristics, including estimated D2 occupancy levels, on serum prolactin concentrations. Individual subjects were divided into two groups, stratified by the presence of hyperprolactinemia. To evaluate the performance of this binary classification, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of consecutive cut-off points in the D2 occupancy were calculated. RESULTS The multivariate general linear model revealed that estimated D2 occupancy levels had significant effects on serum prolactin concentrations while any other variables failed to show significant effects. The cut-off point associated with 0.5 or greater, in both sensitivity and specificity with the greatest accuracy, was 73% (sensitivity, 0.58; specificity, 0.68; accuracy = 0.64) (68-70% for risperidone, 77% for olanzapine, and 55% for ziprasidone.). CONCLUSION The threshold for hyperprolactinemia in D2 occupancy may lie somewhat on a lower side of the established therapeutic window with antipsychotics (i.e. 65-80%). This finding highlights the need for the use of the lowest possible dose to avoid this hormonal side effect in the treatment of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Tsuboi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Hamasaki R, Shirasaki T, Soeda F, Takahama K. Tipepidine activates VTA dopamine neuron via inhibiting dopamine D₂ receptor-mediated inward rectifying K⁺ current. Neuroscience 2013; 252:24-34. [PMID: 23896570 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that the novel antidepressant-like effect of tipepidine may be produced at least partly through the activation of mesolimbic dopamine (DA) neurons via inhibiting G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels. In this study, we investigated the action of tipepidine on DA D2 receptor-mediated GIRK currents (IDA(GIRK)) and membrane excitability in DA neurons using the voltage clamp and current clamp modes of the patch-clamp techniques, respectively. DA neurons were acutely dissociated from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in rats and identified by the presence of the hyperpolarization-activated currents. Tipepidine reversibly inhibited IDA(GIRK) with IC50 7.0 μM and also abolished IDA(GIRK) irreversibly activated in the presence of intracellular GTPγS. Then tipepidine depolarized membrane potential and generated action potentials in the neurons current-clamped. Furthermore, the drug at 40 mg/kg, i.p. increased the number of cells immunopositive both for c-Fos and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the VTA. These results suggest that tipepidine may activate DA neurons in VTA through the inhibition of GIRK channel-activated currents.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hamasaki
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Health Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
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47
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Abstract
Neuroreceptor imaging has been used to examine dopamine function in schizophrenia. The evidence from PET and SPECT studies suggests that there is excess dopamine release subcortically, in the striatum, and that dopaminergic transmission may be abnormal in the cortex also, because of an upregulation in D1 receptors. We have found that patients with schizophrenia have higher subcortical levels of intrasynaptic dopamine (and have a greater proportion of D2 receptors occupied by dopamine) at baseline than controls. Those patients who had the highest levels of dopamine were the ones whose positive symptoms responded best to six weeks of treatment with an antipsychotic. Recent studies have also produced new evidence of dopaminergic disturbance in the cortex. When controls were compared with patients with schizophrenia, we found a significant increase in D1 receptors in patients, but only in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Patients were also studied while they undertook a test of working memory. While there was no relationship between test performance and D1 binding potential for controls, those patients with the highest densities (most pathological levels) of D1 receptors performed the worst on the test. Both the D1 upregulation and the poor working memory may be secondary to a chronic, possibly neurodevelopmental deficit in dopamine innervation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia. The D1 binding potential may prove to be a good biomarker with which to identify those patients suffering from schizophrenia who are most likely to benefit from treatment with a D1 agonist. A D1 receptor radiotracer that is sensitive to endogenous dopamine competition would be very valuable in the further exploration of this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Abi-Dargham
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Dr, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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48
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Moreno M, Economidou D, Mar AC, López-Granero C, Caprioli D, Theobald DE, Fernando A, Newman AH, Robbins TW, Dalley JW. Divergent effects of D₂/₃ receptor activation in the nucleus accumbens core and shell on impulsivity and locomotor activity in high and low impulsive rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2013; 228:19-30. [PMID: 23407782 PMCID: PMC3676742 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-013-3010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Previously we demonstrated reduced D2/3 receptor availability in the ventral striatum of hyper-impulsive rats on the five-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT). However, the anatomical locus of D2/3 receptor dysfunction in high impulsive (HI) rats is unknown. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we investigated whether D2/3 receptor dysfunction in HI rats is localised to the core or shell sub-regions of the nucleus accumbens (NAcb). METHODS Rats were selected for low (low impulsive, LI) and high impulsivity on the 5-CSRTT and implanted with guide cannulae targeting the NAcb core and shell. The D2/3 receptor agonist quinpirole was locally injected in the NAcb (0.1, 0.3 and 1 μg per infusion) and its effects investigated on the performance of LI and HI rats on the 5-CSRTT as well as spontaneous locomotor activity in an open field. RESULTS Intra-NAcb core quinpirole increased premature responding in HI rats but not in LI rats. In contrast, intra-NAcb shell quinpirole strongly increased locomotor activity in HI rats, unlike LI rats. This effect was blocked by intra-NAcb shell infusions of the D2/3 receptor antagonist nafadotride (0.03 μg). However, nafadotride was ineffective in blocking the effects of intra-NAcb core quinpirole on premature responding in HI rats. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that impulsivity and hyperactivity are separately regulated by core and shell sub-regions of the NAcb and that HI rats show an enhanced response to D2/3 receptor activation in these regions. These results suggest that the symptom clusters of hyperactivity and impulsivity in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder may be neurally dissociable at the level of the NAcb.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Moreno
- Department of Psychology, University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain
| | - D. Economidou
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge, CB2 3EB UK
| | - A. C. Mar
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge, CB2 3EB UK
| | | | - D. Caprioli
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge, CB2 3EB UK
| | - D. E. Theobald
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge, CB2 3EB UK
| | - A. Fernando
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge, CB2 3EB UK
| | - A. H. Newman
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse—Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - T. W. Robbins
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge, CB2 3EB UK
| | - Jeffrey W. Dalley
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge, CB2 3EB UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ UK
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Frankowska M, Marcellino D, Adamczyk P, Filip M, Fuxe K. Effects of cocaine self-administration and extinction on D2 -like and A2A receptor recognition and D2 -like/Gi protein coupling in rat striatum. Addict Biol 2013; 18:455-66. [PMID: 22500978 DOI: 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2012.00452.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Striatal adenosine (A)2 -dopamine (D)2 receptor (R) heteromers exist with antagonistic interactions. We have studied these Rs and their interactions during cocaine self-administration and extinction using a 'yoked' protocol to understand the role of motivational mechanisms behind the adaptive observed. In the ventral striatum, a significant increase in the A2A R density was observed in rats that received 'yoked' cocaine during maintenance phase and following its extinction while this significant increase was only observed after extinction from cocaine self-administration. In the dorsal striatum, a significant increase in the affinity of A2A Rs was determined in the two groups of rats that received cocaine during maintenance. D2 -like Rs were significantly increased in the dorsal striatum of animals that received 'yoked' cocaine during maintenance. In the rat dorsal, but not the ventral, striatum significant reductions in the EC50 values for dopamine and increases in the guanosine5'-([γ]-thio)triphosphate (GTPγS) accumulation were observed following active and passive cocaine injections during maintenance. After 10-day extinction, a significant reduction of the Bmax value of GTPγS accumulation was demonstrated in the dorsal striatum of rats previously self-administered cocaine, while a significant reduction of the EC50 value for dopamine in the ventral striatum was found in the 'yoked' cocaine group. By comparing the cocaine self-administration group with the 'yoked' cocaine group, evidence for the existence of motivational mechanisms that guide adaptive changes in the A2A R and D2 R and in the D2 -Gi coupling differentially developed in the ventral and dorsal striatum during cocaine maintenance and its extinction has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Frankowska
- Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Smetna 12, Kraków, Poland.
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Tan ML, Basu D, Kwiecien JM, Johnson RL, Mishra RK. Preclinical pharmacokinetic and toxicological evaluation of MIF-1 peptidomimetic, PAOPA: examining the pharmacology of a selective dopamine D2 receptor allosteric modulator for the treatment of schizophrenia. Peptides 2013; 42:89-96. [PMID: 23416534 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a mental illness characterized by a breakdown in cognition and emotion. Over the years, drug treatment for this disorder has mainly been compromised of orthosteric ligands that antagonize the active site of the dopamine D2 receptor. However, these drugs are limited in their use and often lead to the development of adverse movement and metabolic side effects. Allosteric modulators are an emerging class of therapeutics with significant advantages over orthosteric ligands, including an improved therapeutic and safety profile. This study investigates our newly developed allosteric modulator, PAOPA, which is a specific modulator of the dopamine D2 receptor. Previous studies have shown PAOPA to attenuate schizophrenia-like behavioral abnormalities in preclinical models. To advance this newly developed allosteric drug from the preclinical to clinical stage, this study examines the pharmacokinetic behavior and toxicological profile of PAOPA. Results from this study prove the effectiveness of PAOPA in reaching the implicated regions of the brain for therapeutic action, particularly the striatum. Pharmacokinetic parameters of PAOPA were found to be comparable to current market antipsychotic drugs. Necropsy and histopathological analyses showed no abnormalities in all examined organs. Acute and chronic treatment of PAOPA indicated no movement abnormalities commonly found with the use of current typical antipsychotic drugs. Moreover, acute and chronic PAOPA treatment revealed no hematological or metabolic abnormalities classically found with the use of atypical antipsychotic drugs. Findings from this study demonstrate a better safety profile of PAOPA, and necessitates the progression of this newly developed therapeutic for the treatment of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattea L Tan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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