1
|
Schwarcz S, Kovács P, Kovács T, Ujlaki G, Nyerges P, Uray K, Bai P, Mikó E. The pro- and antineoplastic effects of deoxycholic acid in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell models. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:5273-5282. [PMID: 37145211 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08453-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Commensal bacteria secrete metabolites that reach distant cancer cells through the circulation and influence cancer behavior. Deoxycholic acid (DCA), a hormone-like metabolite, is a secondary bile acid specifically synthesized by intestinal microbes. DCA may have both pro- and antineoplastic effects in cancers. METHODS AND RESULTS The pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines, Capan-2 and BxPC-3, were treated with 0.7 µM DCA, which corresponds to the reference concentration of DCA in human serum. DCA influenced the expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes, significantly decreased the expression level of the mesenchymal markers, transcription factor 7- like 2 (TCF7L2), snail family transcriptional repressor 2 (SLUG), CLAUDIN-1, and increased the expression of the epithelial genes, zona occludens 1 (ZO-1) and E-CADHERIN, as shown by real-time PCR and Western blotting. Consequently, DCA reduced the invasion capacity of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells in Boyden chamber experiments. DCA induced the protein expression of oxidative/nitrosative stress markers. Moreover, DCA reduced aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) activity in an Aldefluor assay and ALDH1 protein level, suggesting that DCA reduced stemness in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. In Seahorse experiments, DCA induced all fractions of mitochondrial respiration and glycolytic flux. The ratio of mitochondrial oxidation and glycolysis did not change after DCA treatment, suggesting that cells became hypermetabolic. CONCLUSION DCA induced antineoplastic effects in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells by inhibiting EMT, reducing cancer stemness, and inducing oxidative/nitrosative stress and procarcinogenic effects such as hypermetabolic bioenergetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Szandra Schwarcz
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Patrik Kovács
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Tünde Kovács
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Gyula Ujlaki
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
- MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group ELKH, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Petra Nyerges
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Karen Uray
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
- MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group ELKH, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
| | - Edit Mikó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiang X, Jiang Z, Cheng Q, Sun W, Jiang M, Sun Y. Cholecystectomy promotes the development of colorectal cancer by the alternation of bile acid metabolism and the gut microbiota. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1000563. [PMID: 36213655 PMCID: PMC9540502 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1000563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been markedly increasing worldwide, causing a tremendous burden to the healthcare system. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the risk factors and pathogenesis of CRC. Cholecystectomy is a gold standard procedure for treating symptomatic cholelithiasis and gallstone diseases. The rhythm of bile acids entering the intestine is altered after cholecystectomy, which leads to metabolic disorders. Nonetheless, emerging evidence suggests that cholecystectomy might be associated with the development of CRC. It has been reported that alterations in bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota are the two main reasons. However, the potential mechanisms still need to be elucidated. In this review, we mainly discussed how bile acid metabolism, gut microbiota, and the interaction between the two factors influence the development of CRC. Subsequently, we summarized the underlying mechanisms of the alterations in bile acid metabolism after cholecystectomy including cellular level, molecular level, and signaling pathways. The potential mechanisms of the alterations on gut microbiota contain an imbalance of bile acid metabolism, cellular immune abnormality, acid-base imbalance, activation of cancer-related pathways, and induction of toxin, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhongxiu Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qi Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Sun,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cai J, Rimal B, Jiang C, Chiang JYL, Patterson AD. Bile acid metabolism and signaling, the microbiota, and metabolic disease. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 237:108238. [PMID: 35792223 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The diversity, composition, and function of the bacterial community inhabiting the human gastrointestinal tract contributes to host health through its role in producing energy or signaling molecules that regulate metabolic and immunologic functions. Bile acids are potent metabolic and immune signaling molecules synthesized from cholesterol in the liver and then transported to the intestine where they can undergo metabolism by gut bacteria. The combination of host- and microbiota-derived enzymatic activities contribute to the composition of the bile acid pool and thus there can be great diversity in bile acid composition that depends in part on the differences in the gut bacteria species. Bile acids can profoundly impact host metabolic and immunological functions by activating different bile acid receptors to regulate signaling pathways that control a broad range of complex symbiotic metabolic networks, including glucose, lipid, steroid and xenobiotic metabolism, and modulation of energy homeostasis. Disruption of bile acid signaling due to perturbation of the gut microbiota or dysregulation of the gut microbiota-host interaction is associated with the pathogenesis and progression of metabolic disorders. The metabolic and immunological roles of bile acids in human health have led to novel therapeutic approaches to manipulate the bile acid pool size, composition, and function by targeting one or multiple components of the microbiota-bile acid-bile acid receptor axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Cai
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Bipin Rimal
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, PR China
| | - John Y L Chiang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Andrew D Patterson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gao X, Liao Z, Su R, Zheng D, Huang G, Huang Z, Cheng X. Depletion of Fibroblast Growth Factor 12 Restrains the Viability, Stemness, and Motility of Colorectal Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9948461. [PMID: 35860801 PMCID: PMC9293533 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9948461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death. CRC patients have a poor prognosis due to tumor metastasis and recurrence. Fibroblast growth factor 12 (FGF12), a member of the FGF family, is highly expressed in several cancers. However, little is known about the roles of FGF12 in CRC progression. Methods The overall survival (OS) of CRC patients was detected via Kaplan-Meier analysis. The FGF12 expression in both CRC tissues and cells was analyzed by qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and western blotting (WB). LoVo and SW480 cells were transfected with shFGF12 lentivirus to silence FGF12. In vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to explore the FGF12 functions in CRC, including CCK-8, Edu, flow cytometry, Transwell, EMT, cancer stemness, and tumor xenograft experiments. Results FGF12 was upregulated in both CRC cells and tissues. High expression of FGF12 indicated a shorter OS in CRC patients. FGF12 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, invasion, stemness, and EMT of CRC cells. FGF12 knockdown promoted CRC cell apoptosis in vitro. 740 Y-P (a PI3K/AKT pathway activator) restored the proliferation, stemness, invasion, and EMT in FGF12-deficient cells and reversed LoVo cell apoptosis induced by FGF12 depletion. Depletion of FGF12 inhibited tumor growth, EMT, cancer stemness, and PI3K/AKT pathway in a xenograft mouse model. Conclusions FGF12 predicts bad clinical outcome and modulates the viability, stemness, and motility of CRC cells. Our study may provide a new insight for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueyuan Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Beihai People's Hospital, Beihai, Guangxi 536000, China
| | - Zuowei Liao
- Department of General Surgery, Beihai People's Hospital, Beihai, Guangxi 536000, China
| | - Rukui Su
- Department of General Surgery, Beihai People's Hospital, Beihai, Guangxi 536000, China
| | - Dongni Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Beihai People's Hospital, Beihai, Guangxi 536000, China
| | - Guoyuan Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Beihai People's Hospital, Beihai, Guangxi 536000, China
| | - Zhong Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Beihai People's Hospital, Beihai, Guangxi 536000, China
| | - Xueyuan Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Beihai People's Hospital, Beihai, Guangxi 536000, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
In recent years, the role of gut microbial metabolites on the inhibition and progression of cancer has gained significant interest in anticancer research. It has been established that the gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in the development, treatment and prognosis of different cancer types which is often mediated through the gut microbial metabolites. For instance, gut microbial metabolites including bacteriocins, short-chain fatty acids and phenylpropanoid-derived metabolites have displayed direct and indirect anticancer activities through different molecular mechanisms. Despite the reported anticancer activity, some gut microbial metabolites including secondary bile acids have exhibited pro-carcinogenic properties. This review draws a critical summary and assessment of the current studies demonstrating the carcinogenic and anticancer activity of gut microbial metabolites and emphasises the need to further investigate the interactions of these metabolites with the immune system as well as the tumour microenvironment in molecular mechanistic and clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Jaye
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Chun Guang Li
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Dennis Chang
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Deep Jyoti Bhuyan
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia,CONTACT Deep Jyoti Bhuyan ; NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW2751, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Režen T, Rozman D, Kovács T, Kovács P, Sipos A, Bai P, Mikó E. The role of bile acids in carcinogenesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:243. [PMID: 35429253 PMCID: PMC9013344 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04278-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBile acids are soluble derivatives of cholesterol produced in the liver that subsequently undergo bacterial transformation yielding a diverse array of metabolites. The bulk of bile acid synthesis takes place in the liver yielding primary bile acids; however, other tissues have also the capacity to generate bile acids (e.g. ovaries). Hepatic bile acids are then transported to bile and are subsequently released into the intestines. In the large intestine, a fraction of primary bile acids is converted to secondary bile acids by gut bacteria. The majority of the intestinal bile acids undergo reuptake and return to the liver. A small fraction of secondary and primary bile acids remains in the circulation and exert receptor-mediated and pure chemical effects (e.g. acidic bile in oesophageal cancer) on cancer cells. In this review, we assess how changes to bile acid biosynthesis, bile acid flux and local bile acid concentration modulate the behavior of different cancers. Here, we present in-depth the involvement of bile acids in oesophageal, gastric, hepatocellular, pancreatic, colorectal, breast, prostate, ovarian cancer. Previous studies often used bile acids in supraphysiological concentration, sometimes in concentrations 1000 times higher than the highest reported tissue or serum concentrations likely eliciting unspecific effects, a practice that we advocate against in this review. Furthermore, we show that, although bile acids were classically considered as pro-carcinogenic agents (e.g. oesophageal cancer), the dogma that switch, as lower concentrations of bile acids that correspond to their serum or tissue reference concentration possess anticancer activity in a subset of cancers. Differences in the response of cancers to bile acids lie in the differential expression of bile acid receptors between cancers (e.g. FXR vs. TGR5). UDCA, a bile acid that is sold as a generic medication against cholestasis or biliary surge, and its conjugates were identified with almost purely anticancer features suggesting a possibility for drug repurposing. Taken together, bile acids were considered as tumor inducers or tumor promoter molecules; nevertheless, in certain cancers, like breast cancer, bile acids in their reference concentrations may act as tumor suppressors suggesting a Janus-faced nature of bile acids in carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tadeja Režen
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damjana Rozman
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tünde Kovács
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Patrik Kovács
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Sipos
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Edit Mikó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fu J, Yu M, Xu W, Yu S. Research Progress of Bile Acids in Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 11:778258. [PMID: 35127481 PMCID: PMC8810494 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.778258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) were originally known as detergents to facilitate the digestion and absorption of lipids. And our current knowledge of BAs has been extended to potential carcinogenic or cancer suppressor factors due to constant research. In fact, BAs were regarded as a tumor promoters as early as the 1940s. Differential bile acid signals emitted by various bile acid profiles can produce distinct pathophysiological traits, thereby participating in the occurrence and development of tumors. Nevertheless, in recent years, more and more studies have noticed the value of BAs as therapeutic targets. And several studies have applied BAs as a therapeutic agent for various diseases including cancer. Based on the above evidence, we acknowledge that the role of BAs in cancer has yet to be exploited, although considerable efforts have been made to probe the functions of BAs. In this review, we describe the characteristics of BAs as a double-edged sword in cancer, hoping to provide references for future cancer treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Fu
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Wenxia Xu
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Shian Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
- *Correspondence: Shian Yu,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Muskat A, Pirtle M, Kost Y, McLellan BN, Shinoda K. The Role of Fat Reducing Agents on Adipocyte Death and Adipose Tissue Inflammation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:841889. [PMID: 35399925 PMCID: PMC8988282 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.841889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxycholic Acid (DCA), which is an FDA-approved compound for the reduction of submental fat, has evolved through an unanticipated and surprising sequence of events. Initially, it was used as a solvent for Phosphatidylcholine (PDC), which was thought to promote lipolysis, but it was later proven to be the bioactive component of the formula and is currently widely used as Kybella. It has also been used off-label to treat other types of fat deposits like lipomas, HIV lipodystrophy, and excess orbital fat. Despite widespread clinical use, there has been no consensus clarifying the mechanisms of DCA and PDC alone or in combination. Furthermore, despite PDC's removal from the FDA-approved formula, some studies do suggest it plays an important role in fat reduction. To provide some clarity, we conducted a PubMed search and reviewed 41 articles using a comprehensive list of terms in three main categories, using the AND operator: 1) Phosphatidylcholines 2) Deoxycholic Acid, and 3) Lipoma. We isolated articles that studied PDC, DCA, and a PDC/DCA compound using cell biology, molecular and genetic techniques. We divided relevant articles into those that studied these components using histologic techniques and those that utilized specific cell death and lipolysis measurement techniques. Most morphologic studies indicated that PDC/DCA, DCA, and PDC, all induce some type of cell death with accompanying inflammation and fibrosis. Most morphologic studies also suggest that PDC/DCA and DCA alone are non-selective for adipocytes. Biochemical studies describing PDC and DCA alone indicate that DCA acts as a detergent and rapidly induces necrosis while PDC induces TNF-α release, apoptosis, and subsequent enzymatic lipolysis after at least 24 hours. Additional papers have suggested a synergistic effect between the two compounds. Our review integrates the findings of this growing body of literature into a proposed mechanism of fat reduction and provides direction for further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahava Muskat
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Megan Pirtle
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Yana Kost
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Beth N. McLellan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Kosaku Shinoda
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Bronx, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Kosaku Shinoda,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu T, Liang X, Sun Y, Yang S. Rapamycin suppresses the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway by targeting SIRT1 in esophageal cancer. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1190. [PMID: 34475980 PMCID: PMC8406672 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapamycin, a secondary metabolite produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus, is known for its pharmacological effects, especially antitumor and immunosuppressive activities. However, the antitumoral effects of rapamycin in human esophageal cancer (EC) are still poorly understood. To investigate the potential of rapamycin in EC treatment, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) mRNA expression was quantified in the tissue of patients with EC or in EC cell lines using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The protein levels of SIRT1 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR were measured via western blotting. Furthermore, cell viability, migration and invasion were investigated by Cell Counting Kit-8, wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. The present results suggested that SIRT1 expression was upregulated in EC. In vitro, the inhibitory effect of rapamycin on cell viability in EC was strengthened or weakened after small interfering (si)-SIRT1 or pcDNA3.1/SIRT1 transfection. Furthermore, SIRT1 rescued the inhibitory effect of rapamycin on the migration and invasion of EC cells. In vivo, si-SIRT1 or SIRT1 overexpression in mice could enhance or rescue the inhibitory effects of rapamycin on tumor growth. In addition, SIRT1 transfection rescued the decreased level of phosphorylated (p)-PI3K, p-AKT and p-mTOR induced by rapamycin treatment. Taken together, the present results suggested that rapamycin suppressed the cell viability, migration, invasion and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in EC by negatively regulating SIRT1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Guangxi International Zhuang Medical Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530201, P.R. China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, P.R. China
| | - Xiangsen Liang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, P.R. China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, P.R. China
| | - Shengzhuang Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Qiao ZW, Jiang Y, Wang L, Wang L, Jiang J, Zhang JR, Mu P. LINC00852 promotes the proliferation and invasion of ovarian cancer cells by competitively binding with miR-140-3p to regulate AGTR1 expression. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1004. [PMID: 34496800 PMCID: PMC8424870 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08730-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been identified in ovarian cancer. However, the expression and biological functions of LINC00852 in ovarian cancer are not understood. Methods The expressions of LINC00852, miR-140-3p and AGTR1 mRNA in ovarian cancer tissues and cells were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay. Gain- and loss-of-function assays were performed to explore the biological functions of LINC00852 and miR-140-3p in the progression of ovarian cancer in vitro. The bindings between LINC00852 and miR-140-3p were confirmed by luciferase reporter gene assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and RNA pull-down assay. Results We found that LINC00852 expression was significantly up-regulated in ovarian cancer tissues and cells, whereas miR-140-3p expression was significantly down-regulated in ovarian cancer tissues. Functionally, LINC00852 knockdown inhibited the viability, proliferation and invasion of ovarian cancer cells, and promoted the apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells. Further investigation showed that LINC00852 interacted with miR-140-3p, and miR-140-3p overexpression suppressed the viability, proliferation and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. In addition, miR-140-3p interacted with AGTR1 and negatively regulated its level in ovarian cancer cells. Mechanistically, we found that LINC00852 acted as a ceRNA of miR-140-3p to promote AGTR1 expression and activate MEK/ERK/STAT3 pathway. Finally, LINC00852 knockdown inhibited the growth and invasion ovarian cancer in vivo. Conclusion LINC00852/miR-140-3p/AGTR1 is an important pathway to promote the proliferation and invasion of ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Qiao
- Department of Gynaecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Insititute, No.44, Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Gynaecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Insititute, No.44, Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Gynaecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Insititute, No.44, Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Gynaecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Insititute, No.44, Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Department of Gynaecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Insititute, No.44, Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jing-Ru Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Insititute, No.44, Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Peng Mu
- Department of Gynaecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Insititute, No.44, Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Recent update of toxicity aspects of nanoparticulate systems for drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 161:100-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
12
|
Approaching precision medicine by tailoring the microbiota. Mamm Genome 2021; 32:206-222. [PMID: 33646347 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-021-09859-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has revealed the link between the microbiota and various human diseases. Advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies have identified some consistent disease-associated microbial features, leading to the emerging concept of microbiome-based therapeutics. However, it is also becoming clear that there are considerable variations in the microbiota among patients with the same disease. Variations in the microbial composition and function contribute to substantial differences in metabolic status of the host via production of a myriad of biochemically and functionally different microbial metabolites. Indeed, compelling evidence indicates that individuality of the microbiome may result in individualized responses to microbiome-based therapeutics and other interventions. Mechanistic understanding of the role of the microbiota in diseases and drug metabolism would help us to identify causal relationships and thus guide the development of microbiome-based precision or personalized medicine. In this review, we provide an overview of current efforts to use microbiome-based interventions for the treatment of diseases such as cancer, neurological disorders, and diabetes to approach precision medicine.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ma Q, Zhang J, Zhang M, Lan H, Yang Q, Li C, Zeng L. MicroRNA-29b targeting of cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase (CDC7) regulated vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1496. [PMID: 33313241 PMCID: PMC7729318 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-6856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are vital processes in vascular remodeling and pathology. This study aimed to explore the expression of miR-29b and cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase (CDC7) in patients with cerebral aneurysm (CA) and their effects on the proliferation and mobility of human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs). Methods RNA levels of miR-29b and CDC7 were evaluated in the CA tissues and adjacent normal cerebral arteries from 18 patients undergoing surgery for CA rupture. The targeting of CDC7 by miR-29b was verified with luciferase reporter assay. Both CDC7 and miR-29b overexpression and silencing vectors were introduced to validate their effects on the proliferation and mobility of HUASMCs. Results The mRNA level of miR-29b was down-regulated (P<0.05), while the mRNA level of CDC7 was markedly elevated in CA patients (P<0.05). A Luciferase reporter assay showed CDC7 is a target gene of miR-29b, and miR-29b mimic down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of CDC7 (P<0.05). Furthermore, miR-29b mimic inhibited, while miR-29b inhibitor or CDC7 over-expression promoted the proliferation and mobility of HUASMCs (P<0.05). Conclusions miR-29-3p inhibits cell proliferation and mobility via directly targeting CDC7, which could be a potential therapeutic target for vascular dysfunction related diseases, including atherosclerosis and CA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qunhua Ma
- RICU&MICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Emergency Observation Ward, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Cancer Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Lan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qian Yang
- School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengping Li
- Emergency Observation Ward, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Department of Nursing, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sun Y, Zhang L, Zhang S. microRNA-124-3p inhibits tumourigenesis by targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 38:1017-1024. [PMID: 32495394 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the role of miR-124-3p and its potential molecular mechanism in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The expression of miR-124-3p and mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 (MAP2K4) in human thyroid follicular epithelial cell line (NTHY-ORI3-1) and human papillary thyroid carcinoma cell lines (SW1736, BCPAP, TPC-1 and K1) was measured by RT-qPCR. Cell proliferation was measured by CCK-8, while cell cycle and apoptosis rate were measured by flow cytometry. Invasive ability and migrative ability were measured by transwell assay and wound healing assay, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the levels of relative proteins. In vivo, TPC-1 cells transfected with miR-124-3p mimic were subcutaneously injected into the flank of the mice to form tumour. After successful modelling, mice were divided into two groups (n = 10): Control group and miR-124-3p mimic group. The present study showed that miR-124-3p was lowly expressed, while MAP2K4 was highly expressed in PTC cell lines. Besides, miR-124-3p targeted MAP2K4 and negatively regulated MAP2K4 in TPC-1 cells. In addition, miR-124-3p inhibited the proliferation and motility, and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of TPC-1 cells by inactivating MAP2K4/JNK/JunD pathway. Furthermore, miR-124-3p inhibited tumour formation by downregulating MAP2K4 level in vivo. In conclusion, the study provided a novel molecular mechanism of miR-124-3p in the progress of PTC. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most important pathological type of thyroid cancer, accounting for 80% of thyroid cancer. miR-124-3p exhibited significant inhibitory role in the transformation and development of malignant tumours. However, in PTC, the roles and its potential molecular mechanism are unclear. Here, the study investigated the roles of miR-124-3p in the progress of PTC and its potential molecular mechanism. We found that miR-124-3p inhibited the proliferation and motility, and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in PTC cells. This study provided a novel molecular mechanism of miR-124-3p in the progress of PTC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Physical Examination Center, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Physical Examination Center, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Suzhen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang W, Gou X, Xue H, Liu K. Ganoderan (GDN) Regulates The Growth, Motility And Apoptosis Of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Through ERK Signaling Pathway In Vitro And In Vivo. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:8821-8832. [PMID: 31695437 PMCID: PMC6821078 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s221161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor worldwide. About 90% of lung cancers are considered non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ganoderan (GDN) is one of the components of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides. Ganoderan A (GDNA), Ganoderan B (GDNB) and Ganoderan C (GDNC) were three polysaccharides isolated from the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body. Methods Cell growth was measured by Cell Counting kit-8 and colony formation assay, while cell motility was measured by transwell assay and wound healing assay. Apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry analysis and TUNEL staining, and protein expression was detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results Previous studies have shown that GDNB has the effects of hyperglycemic and kidney protection. However, the role of GDNB in tumors is currently unknown. This study elaborated the role of GDNB in NSCLC and its underlying molecular mechanisms. The results exerted that GDNB inhibited the growth of H510A and A549 cells by suppressing the expression of ki67 and PCNA. Besides, transwell assay and wound healing assay showed that GDNB inhibited invasion and migration of H510A and A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, Western blotting also showed that GDNB downregulated the levels of N-cadherin, vimentin and Snail in H510A and A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner, while it upregulated the level of E-cadherin. Additionally, GDNB also promoted apoptosis of H510A and A549 cells by regulating the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved PARP. Animal experiments revealed that GDNB inhibited tumor growth and metastasis, and induced apoptosis of tumor cells in vivo. Mechanically, GDNB suppressed the expression of Ras and c-Myc, and decreased the phosphorylation levels of MEK1/2 and ERK1/2. Conclusion Collectively, all data suggest that GDNB regulates the growth, motility and apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells through ERK signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang City, Shaanxi 712000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Gou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang City, Shaanxi 712000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang City, Shaanxi 712000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Central Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang City, Shaanxi 712000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li Y, Zheng D, Pan L, Dai Y, Cai S, Zhao L, Zhu H. Knockdown of TUG1 by shRNA inhibited renal cell carcinoma formation by miR-299-3p/VEGF axis in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 860:172536. [PMID: 31310753 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the top ten deadly malignancies in the world. The long non-coding RNA taurine up-regulated gene 1 (TUG1) is a transcript that is up-regulated by taurine. There is ample evidence that TUG1 plays a crucial role in the progression of various cancers. This study aimed to investigate the role of TUG1 in RCC and its underlying molecular mechanisms. In the current study, knockdown of TUG1 by shRNA (sh-TUG1) significantly inhibited proliferation, invasion, migration and EMT processes of ACHN cells and OS-RC-2 cells, and induced apoptosis. Besides, bioinformatics analysis revealed that miR-299-3p is a target of TUG1. TUG1 overexpression (LV-TUG1) significantly inhibited the expression of miR-299-3p, whereas sh-TUG1 showed the opposite effect. Dual luciferase reporter assay further confirmed the targeting relationship between TUG1 and miR-299-3p. In addition, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) is a target of miR-299-3p. Knockdown of VEGFA (si-VEGFA) significantly inhibited the proliferation and motility of ACHN cells, and induced apoptosis. RT-qPCR results showed that sh-TUG1 similarly inhibited VEGFA expression. Further functional analysis indicated that sh-TUG1 inhibited tumorigenesis by down-regulating VEGFA levels. However, LV-TUG1 showed the opposite effects. Furthermore, animal experiments have shown that sh-TUG1 inhibited tumor growth and metastasis and induces apoptosis in vivo. These results indicate that sh-TUG1 inhibited renal cell carcinoma formation by miR-299-3p/VEGF axis in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, all of these results reveal a novel mechanism of TUG1 in RCC tumorigenesis, suggesting that targeted drugs for TUG1 provides a new direction for the treatment of RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling &The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Dan Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling &The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Liutong Pan
- Department of Nephrology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling &The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yuanting Dai
- Department of Nephrology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling &The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Shasha Cai
- Department of Nephrology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling &The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lijin Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling &The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - HuiPing Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling &The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tan H, Zhang G, Yang X, Jing T, Shen D, Wang X. Peimine inhibits the growth and motility of prostate cancer cells and induces apoptosis by disruption of intracellular calcium homeostasis through Ca
2+
/CaMKII/JNK pathway. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:81-92. [PMID: 31081133 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Tan
- Department of Urinary Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong Province China
| | - Guiming Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong Province China
| | - Xuecheng Yang
- Department of Urinary Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong Province China
| | - Tao Jing
- Department of Urinary Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong Province China
| | - Daqing Shen
- Department of Urinary Surgery Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University Jining Shandong Province China
| | - Xinsheng Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong Province China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Qiu Y, Pan X, Hu Y. Polydatin ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis by suppressing inflammation and the epithelial mesenchymal transition via inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. RSC Adv 2019; 9:8104-8112. [PMID: 35521205 PMCID: PMC9061874 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08659a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic and progressive lung disease which results in a loss of pulmonary function and eventually respiratory failure. Inflammation and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) play important roles in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of polydatin (PD) in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. A bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis animal model used SD rats. Morphological changes were analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. RT-qPCR and western blot were used for the detection of the expression of TGF-β1, collagen I, collagen III, E-cadherin, fibronectin and the ratios of p-Smad2/Smad2, p-Smad3/Smad3. The concentrations of PICP, PIIINP, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) assay. Results showed that PD attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The beneficial effect of PD was possibly related to the inhibition of inflammation and EMT through suppressing the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Our findings suggested that PD might be a potential therapeutic candidate in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic and progressive lung disease which results in a loss of pulmonary function and eventually respiratory failure.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qiu
- Department of Chinese Medicine
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
- Beijing
- China
| | - Xue Pan
- Department of Chinese Medicine
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
- Beijing
- China
| | - Yahui Hu
- Department of Chinese Medicine
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
- Beijing
- China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Polydatin suppresses proliferation and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer cells by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via NF-κB pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:130-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
|
20
|
Xiang Y, Huang Y, Sun H, Pan Y, Wu M, Zhang J. Deregulation of miR-520d-3p promotes hepatocellular carcinoma development via lncRNA MIAT regulation and EPHA2 signaling activation. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:1630-1639. [PMID: 30551417 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-520d-3p (miR-520d-3p) is a novel cancer-related miRNA and functions as a tumor suppressor in human cancers. However, the expression patterns and mechanisms of miR-520d-3p involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain rarely known. Here, we found that the expression levels of miR-520d-3p in HCC tissues and cells were significantly lower than in tumor-adjacent tissues and L02 cells. Decreased level of miR-520d-3p was relevant to poor overall survival, whereas miR-520d-3p up-regulation resulted in a marked inhibition of cell growth, migration and invasion. In addition, the long non-coding RNA, myocardial infarction associated transcript (MIAT) was up-regulated in both HCC tissues and cell lines. MIAT suppressed the expression and function of miR-520d-3p. Moreover, erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular A2 (EPHA2) was speculated and confirmed as a direct target of miR-520d-3p. We also demonstrated that MIAT may function as a sponge competitive endogenous RNA for miR-520d-3p, and thus regulate the molecular expression of EPHA2. In summary, our study has identified a novel signaling pathway through which miR-520d-3p exerts its anticarcinogenic roles and suggested that the MIAT/miR-520d-3p/EPHA2 may be a new target for HCC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China.
| | - Yongguo Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Yang Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Jiayun Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Pînzariu O, Georgescu B, Georgescu CE. Metabolomics-A Promising Approach to Pituitary Adenomas. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:814. [PMID: 30705668 PMCID: PMC6345099 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metabolomics-the novel science that evaluates the multitude of low-molecular-weight metabolites in a biological system, provides new data on pathogenic mechanisms of diseases, including endocrine tumors. Although development of metabolomic profiling in pituitary disorders is at an early stage, it seems to be a promising approach in the near future in identifying specific disease biomarkers and understanding cellular signaling networks. Objectives: To review the metabolomic profile and the contributions of metabolomics in pituitary adenomas (PA). Methods: A systematic review was conducted via PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus databases, summarizing studies that have described metabolomic aspects of PA. Results: Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry, which are traditional techniques employed in metabolomics, suggest amino acids metabolism appears to be primarily altered in PA. N-acetyl aspartate, choline-containing compounds and creatine appear as highly effective in differentiating PA from healthy tissue. Deoxycholic and 4-pyridoxic acids, 3-methyladipate, short chain fatty acids and glucose-6-phosphate unveil metabolite biomarkers in patients with Cushing's disease. Phosphoethanolamine, N-acetyl aspartate and myo-inositol are down regulated in prolactinoma, whereas aspartate, glutamate and glutamine are up regulated. Phosphoethanolamine, taurine, alanine, choline-containing compounds, homocysteine, and methionine were up regulated in unclassified PA across studies. Intraoperative use of ultra high mass resolution matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI), which allows localization and delineation between functional PA and healthy pituitary tissue, may contribute to achievement of complete tumor resection in addition to preservation of pituitary cell lines and vasopressin secretory cells, thus avoiding postoperative diabetes insipidus. Conclusion: Implementation of ultra high performance metabolomics analysis techniques in the study of PA will significantly improve diagnosis and, potentially, the therapeutic approach, by identifying highly specific disease biomarkers in addition to novel molecular pathogenic mechanisms. Ultra high mass resolution MALDI-MSI emerges as a helpful clinical tool in the neurosurgical treatment of pituitary tumors. Therefore, metabolomics appears to be a science with a promising prospect in the sphere of PA, and a starting point in pituitary care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oana Pînzariu
- 6 Department of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bogdan Georgescu
- Department of Ecology, Environmental Protection and Zoology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen E. Georgescu
- 6 Department of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Endocrinology Clinic, Cluj County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- *Correspondence: Carmen E. Georgescu
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Proungvitaya S, Klinthong W, Proungvitaya T, Limpaiboon T, Jearanaikoon P, Roytrakul S, Wongkham C, Nimboriboonporn A, Wongkham S. High expression of CCDC25 in cholangiocarcinoma tissue samples. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:2566-2572. [PMID: 28789463 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant transformation of biliary epithelial cells. It is a slow growing tumor, but is also highly metastatic with a poor prognosis. Bile acids are known to transactivate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in cholangiocytes and induce cyclooxygenase-2 expression. The protein expression profiles of bile acid-treated CCA cells were studied using a proteomic approach. To elucidate the possible mechanisms involved in the bile acid-mediated enhancement of CCA cell migration, the effects of six bile acids, including cholic, deoxycholic, taurocholic, taurodeoxycholic, glycocholic and glycodeoxycholic acid, on the migration of CCA cells were examined in vitro using wound healing assays. Subsequently, the possible proteins involved in enhanced CCA cell migration were investigated using a proteomic approach. Changes to the protein expression profiles of CCA cells following bile acid treatment was examined using two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. The results demonstrated that cholic and deoxycholic acid significantly enhanced the migration of CCA cells, compared with the treated MMNK-1 control cells. CCA cells had 77 overexpressed protein spots following cholic acid treatment, and 50 protein spots following deoxycholic acid treatment, compared with the treated MMNK-1 control cells. Liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that coiled-coil domain containing 25 (CCDC25) was significantly overexpressed in cholic acid-treated CCA cells compared with in cholic acid-treated control cells. When the expression levels of CCDC25 were investigated using western blot analysis, CCDC25 was demonstrated to be highly expressed in CCA tissues, but not in the adjacent non-cancerous tissue samples. The identified proteins were further analyzed for protein-chemical interactions using STITCH version 3.1 software. CCDC25 protein was identified to be associated with Son of sevenless homolog 1 and growth factor receptor-bound protein 2, which are involved in EGFR signaling. The results of the present study demonstrated that following cholic acid treatment, CCDC25 is overexpressed in CCA cells, which is associated with significantly enhanced cell migration. This suggests that CCDC25 is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of patients with CCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siriporn Proungvitaya
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wachiraya Klinthong
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Tanakorn Proungvitaya
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Temduang Limpaiboon
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Patcharee Jearanaikoon
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Chaisiri Wongkham
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Anongporn Nimboriboonporn
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yde J, Keely S, Wu Q, Borg JF, Lajczak N, O'Dwyer A, Dalsgaard P, Fenton RA, Moeller HB. Characterization of AQPs in Mouse, Rat, and Human Colon and Their Selective Regulation by Bile Acids. Front Nutr 2016; 3:46. [PMID: 27777930 PMCID: PMC5056181 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2016.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In normal individuals, the epithelium of the colon absorbs 1.5–2 l of water a day to generate dehydrated feces. However, in the condition of bile acid malabsorption (BAM), an excess of bile acids in the colon results in diarrhea. Several studies have attempted to address the mechanisms contributing to BAM induced by various bile acids. However, none have addressed a potential dysregulation of aquaporin (AQP) water channels, which are responsible for the majority of transcellular water transport in epithelial cells, as a contributing factor to the onset of diarrhea and the pathogenesis of BAM. In this study, we aimed to systematically analyze the expression of AQPs in colonic epithelia from rat, mouse, and human and determine whether their expression is altered in a rat model of BAM. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics, RT-PCR, and western blotting identified various AQPs in isolated colonic epithelial cells from rats (AQP1, 3, 4, 7, 8) and mice (AQP1, 4, 8). Several AQPs were also detected in human colon (AQP1, 3, 4, 7–9). Immunohistochemistry localized AQP1 to the apical plasma membrane of epithelial cells in the bottom of the crypts, whereas AQP3 (rat, human) and AQP4 (mice, human) were localized predominantly in the basolateral plasma membrane. AQP8 was localized intracellularly and at the apical plasma membrane of epithelial cells. Rats fed sodium cholate for 72 h had significantly increased fecal water content, suggesting development of BAM-associated diarrhea. Colonic epithelial cells isolated from this model had significantly altered levels of AQP3, 7, and 8, suggesting that these AQPs may be involved in the pathogenesis of bile acid-induced diarrhea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Yde
- Department of Biomedicine, InterPrET Center, Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Stephen Keely
- RCSI Education and Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Biomedicine, InterPrET Center, Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Johan F Borg
- Department of Biomedicine, InterPrET Center, Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Natalia Lajczak
- RCSI Education and Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Aoife O'Dwyer
- RCSI Education and Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital , Dublin , Ireland
| | | | - Robert A Fenton
- Department of Biomedicine, InterPrET Center, Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Hanne B Moeller
- Department of Biomedicine, InterPrET Center, Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gerbino A, Ranieri M, Lupo S, Caroppo R, Debellis L, Maiellaro I, Caratozzolo MF, Lopez F, Colella M. Ca2+-dependent K+ efflux regulates deoxycholate-induced apoptosis of BHK-21 and Caco-2 cells. Gastroenterology 2009; 137:955-64, 964.e1-2. [PMID: 19328800 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2008] [Revised: 03/10/2009] [Accepted: 03/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Deoxycholate (DC) has proapoptotic and tumorigenic effects in different cell types of the gastrointestinal tract. Exposure of BHK-21 (stromal) cells to DC induces Ca(2+) entry at the plasma membrane, which affects intracellular Ca(2+) signaling. We assessed whether DC-induced increases in [Ca(2+)] can impinge on plasma membrane properties (eg, ionic conductances) involved in cell apoptosis. METHODS Single- and double-barreled microelectrodes were used to measure membrane potential (V(m)) and extracellular [K(+)] in BHK-21 fibroblasts and Caco-2 colon carcinoma cells. Apoptosis was assessed by Hoechst labeling, propidium iodide staining, and caspase-3 and caspase-7 assays. RESULTS DC-induced cell membrane hyperpolarization was directly measured with intracellular microelectrodes in both cell lines. Diverse Ca(2+) mobilizing agents, such as membrane receptor agonists, an inhibitor of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) adenosine triphosphatase and a Ca(2+) ionophore, also induced increases in V(m). Removal of extracellular Ca(2+) reduced the agonist- and DC-induced membrane hyperpolarization by approximately 15% and 60%, respectively. These findings indicate a prominent role for Ca(2+) entry at the plasma membrane in the action of this bile salt. Blockade of Ca(2+)-activated K(+) conductances by charybdotoxin and apamin reduced DC-induced hyperpolarization by 75% and 64% in BHK-21 and Caco-2 cells, respectively. These inhibitors also reduced the DC-induced increase in extracellular [K(+)] by 75% and cell apoptosis by approximately 50% in both cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) conductance is an important regulator of DC-induced apoptosis in stromal and colon cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gerbino
- Department of General and Environmental Physiology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Keating N, Mroz MS, Scharl MM, Marsh C, Ferguson G, Hofmann AF, Keely SJ. Physiological concentrations of bile acids down-regulate agonist induced secretion in colonic epithelial cells. J Cell Mol Med 2009; 13:2293-2303. [PMID: 19583809 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00838.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with bile acid malabsorption, high concentrations of bile acids enter the colon and stimulate Cl(-) and fluid secretion, thereby causing diarrhoea. However, deoxycholic acid (DCA), the predominant colonic bile acid, is normally present at lower concentrations where its role in regulating transport is unclear. Thus, the current study set out to investigate the effects of physiologically relevant DCA concentrations on colonic epithelial secretory function. Cl(-) secretion was measured as changes in short-circuit current across voltage-clamped T(84) cell monolayers. At high concentrations (0.5-1 mM), DCA acutely stimulated Cl(-) secretion but this effect was associated with cell injury, as evidenced by decreased transepithelial resistance (TER) and increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. In contrast, chronic (24 hrs) exposure to lower DCA concentrations (10-200 microM) inhibited responses to Ca(2+) and cAMP-dependent secretagogues without altering TER, LDH release, or secretagogue-induced increases in intracellular second messengers. Other bile acids - taurodeoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid - had similar antisecretory effects. DCA (50 microM) rapidly stimulated phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr) and both ERK and p38 MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinases). The EGFr inhibitor, AG1478, and the protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide, reversed the antisecretory effects of DCA, while the MAPK inhibitors, PD98059 and SB203580, did not. In summary, our studies suggest that, in contrast to its acute prosecretory effects at pathophysiological concentrations, lower, physiologically relevant, levels of DCA chronically down-regulate colonic epithelial secretory function. On the basis of these data, we propose a novel role for bile acids as physiological regulators of colonic secretory capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Keating
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Magdalena S Mroz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael M Scharl
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Christine Marsh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gail Ferguson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alan F Hofmann
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Stephen J Keely
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Rial NS, Lazennec G, Prasad AR, Krouse RS, Lance P, Gerner EW. Regulation of deoxycholate induction of CXCL8 by the adenomatous polyposis coli gene in colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer 2009; 124:2270-80. [PMID: 19173296 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Elevated deoxycholic acid (DCA), mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene and chronic inflammation are associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer. APC status was manipulated to determine whether DCA mediates inflammatory molecules in normal or initiated colonic mucosa. DCA increased steady state mRNA and protein levels of CXCL8 in cells which do not express wild-type APC. Steady-state CXCL8 mRNA and protein were suppressed when cells with conditional expression of wild-type APC were exposed to DCA. Immunostaining did not detect CXCL8 in normal human colonic mucosa. CXCL8 was expressed in adenomatous polyps and adenocarcinomas. CXCL8 expression correlated with nuclear beta-catenin localization in epithelial cells of adenomas, but was associated with endothelial cells and neutrophils in the adenocarcinomas. DCA-mediated CXCL8 promoter-reporter activity was elevated in a mutant APC background. Wild-type APC suppressed this effect. Mutation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) or nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) sites suppressed the activation of the CXCL8 promoter-reporter by DCA. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that AP-1 and NF-kappaB binding to the 5'-promoter of CXCL8 was induced by DCA. The beta-catenin transcription factor was bound to the 5'-promoter of CXCL8 in the absence or presence of DCA. Phenotypic assays determined that DCA-mediated invasion was blocked by antibody-directed against CXCL8 or wild-type APC. CXCL8 exposure led to matrix metalloproteinase-2 production and increased invasion on laminin-coated filters. These data suggest that DCA-mediated CXCL8 occurs in initiated colonic epithelium and neutralizing CXCL8 could reduce the invasive potential of tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel S Rial
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bavikar SN, Salunke DB, Hazra BG, Pore VS, Dodd RH, Thierry J, Shirazi F, Deshpande MV, Kadreppa S, Chattopadhyay S. Synthesis of chimeric tetrapeptide-linked cholic acid derivatives: Impending synergistic agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:5512-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2008] [Revised: 09/02/2008] [Accepted: 09/04/2008] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
28
|
|
29
|
Lay C, Sutren M, Lepercq P, Juste C, Rigottier-Gois L, Lhoste E, Lemée R, Le Ruyet P, Doré J, Andrieux C. Influence of Camembert consumption on the composition and metabolism of intestinal microbiota: a study in human microbiota-associated rats. Br J Nutr 2007; 92:429-38. [PMID: 15469646 DOI: 10.1079/bjn20041192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the consequence of Camembert consumption on the composition and metabolism of human intestinal microbiota. Camembert cheese was compared with milk fermented by yoghurt starters andLactobacillus caseias a probiotic reference. The experimental model was the human microbiota-associated (HM) rat. HM rats were fed a basal diet (HMB group), a diet containing Camembert made from pasteurised milk (HMCp group) or a diet containing fermented milk (HMfm group). The level of micro-organisms from dairy products was measured in faeces using cultures on a specific medium and PCR–temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis. The metabolic characteristics of the caecal microbiota were also studied: SCFA, NH3, glycosidase and reductase activities, and bile acid degradations. The results showed that micro-organisms from cheese comprised 105–108bacteria/g faecal sample in the HMCp group.Lactobacillusspecies from fermented milk were detected in HMfm rats. Consumption of cheese and fermented milk led to similar changes in bacterial metabolism: a decrease in azoreductase activity and NH3concentration and an increase in mucolytic activities. However, specific changes were observed: in HMCp rats, the proportion of ursodeoxycholic resulting from chenodeoxycholic epimerisation was higher; in HMfm rats, α and β-galactosidases were higher than in other groups and both azoreductases and nitrate reductases were lower. The results show that, as for fermented milk, Camembert consumption did not greatly modify the microbiota profile or its major metabolic activities. Ingested micro-organisms were able to survive in part during intestinal transit. These dairy products exert a potentially beneficial influence on intestinal metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Lay
- UEPSD, Centre de Recherche de Jouy en Josas, INRA, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Darragh J, Hunter M, Pohler E, Nelson L, Dillon JF, Nenutil R, Vojtesek B, Ross PE, Kernohan N, Hupp TR. The calcium-binding domain of the stress protein SEP53 is required for survival in response to deoxycholic acid-mediated injury. FEBS J 2006; 273:1930-47. [PMID: 16640557 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05206.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Stress protein responses have evolved in part as a mechanism to protect cells from the toxic effects of environmental damaging agents. Oesophageal squamous epithelial cells have evolved an atypical stress response that results in the synthesis of a 53 kDa protein of undefined function named squamous epithelial-induced stress protein of 53 kDa (SEP53). Given the role of deoxycholic acid (DCA) as a potential damaging agent in squamous epithelium, we developed assays measuring the effects of DCA on SEP53-mediated responses to damage. To achieve this, we cloned the human SEP53 gene, developed a panel of monoclonal antibodies to the protein, and showed that SEP53 expression is predominantly confined to squamous epithelium. Clonogenic assays were used to show that SEP53 can function as a survival factor in mammalian cell lines, can attenuate DCA-induced apoptotic cell death, and can attenuate DCA-mediated increases in intracellular free calcium. Deletion of the highly conserved EF-hand calcium-binding domain in SEP53 neutralizes the colony survival activity of the protein, neutralizes the protective effects of SEP53 after DCA exposure, and permits calcium elevation in response to DCA challenge. These data indicate that the squamous cell-stress protein SEP53 can function as a modifier of the DCA-mediated calcium influx and identify a novel survival pathway whose study may shed light on mechanisms relating to squamous cell injury and associated cancer development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Darragh
- Division of Pathology and Neurosciences, University of Dundee, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Silva J, Dasgupta S, Wang G, Krishnamurthy K, Ritter E, Bieberich E. Lipids isolated from bone induce the migration of human breast cancer cells. J Lipid Res 2006; 47:724-33. [PMID: 16439808 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m500473-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is the most common site to which breast cancer cells metastasize. We found that osteoblast-like MG63 cells and human bone tissue contain the bile acid salt sodium deoxycholate (DC). MG63 cells take up and accumulate DC from the medium, suggesting that the bone-derived DC originates from serum. DC released from MG63 cells or bone tissue promotes cell survival and induces the migration of metastatic human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. The bile acid receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonist Z-guggulsterone prevents the migration of these cells and induces apoptosis. DC increases the gene expression of FXR and induces its translocation to the nucleus of MDA-MB-231 cells. Nuclear translocation of FXR is concurrent with the increase of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and the formation of F-actin, two factors critical for the migration of breast cancer cells. Our results suggest a novel mechanism by which DC-induced increase of uPA and binding to the uPA receptor of the same breast cancer cell self-propel its migration and metastasis to the bone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeane Silva
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics,School of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Affiliation(s)
- Adda Grimberg
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104-4318, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Suto R, Tominaga K, Mizuguchi H, Sasaki E, Higuchi K, Kim S, Iwao H, Arakawa T. Dominant-negative mutant of c-Jun gene transfer: a novel therapeutic strategy for colorectal cancer. Gene Ther 2004; 11:187-93. [PMID: 14712303 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Activator protein-1 (AP-1), a transcription factor, is activated through many oncogenic signals. However, its biological role in colorectal cancer has not been fully elucidated. To investigate the role of AP-1 in colorectal cancer, we constructed an adenovirus-expressing TAM67, a dominant-negative mutant of c-Jun lacking the transactivation domain of wild c-Jun (DN-c-Jun), to inhibit endogenous AP-1. AP-1 DNA-binding activity was increased in colon cancer cells (HT-29 cells) by serum stimulation, followed by an increase in both [(3)H]thymidine incorporation and cell number. Transfection of Ad-DN-c-Jun to HT-29 cells significantly inhibited serum-induced cell proliferation in vitro. As shown by flow cytometric analysis, DN-c-Jun significantly inhibited entrance into S phase after serum stimulation, thereby leading to G(1) arrest. In vivo transfection of Ad-DN-c-Jun into xenografted HT-29 cell tumors in nude mice significantly decreased tumor volume on day 21 after treatment. A change was associated with decrease in Ki-67 labeling index. These observations together showed that AP-1 is a critical modulator for proliferation and cell cycle of HT-29 cells. We obtained the first evidence that DN-c-Jun gene transfer exerted a significant antitumor effect on colon cancer both in vitro and in vivo. DN-c-Jun gene transfer may be a new candidate for treatment of colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Suto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Milovic V, Teller IC, Faust D, Caspary WF, Stein J. Effects of deoxycholate on human colon cancer cells: apoptosis or proliferation. Eur J Clin Invest 2002; 32:29-34. [PMID: 11851724 DOI: 10.1046/j.0014-2972.2001.00938.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deoxycholic acid has long been attributed as a tumour promoter in the colon. It exerts its growth-related actions in a phorbol ester-like manner, by stimulating protein kinase C. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of deoxycholic acid on proliferation and apoptosis in the colon, by exposing colon cancer cells to it in increasing concentrations. METHODS Human colon cancer cells (Caco-2 and HT-29) were treated with deoxycholate or its two structural isomers, 3-beta-12-alpha-dihydroxy-5-beta-cholan-24-oic acid and 3-alpha-12-beta-dihydroxy-5-beta-cholan-24-oic acid. Proliferation was evaluated by cell counting, and apoptosis by estimating percentage cell survival and assessment of nuclear morphology. RESULTS Within the concentration range of up to 20 microM, deoxycholate stimulated growth of both human colon cancer cell lines. Its growth-promoting effect was abolished after inhibition of protein kinase C. At concentrations above 100 microM, deoxycholate induced apoptosis in both cell lines. Epimers of deoxycholate were significantly less potent in stimulating growth. CONCLUSION Low-dose deoxycholate stimulates colon cancer cell proliferation while > 100 micromol L(-1) of this secondary bile acid induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells. Deoxycholate might promote the likelihood of malignant transformation by increasing epithelial cell turnover in the colon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Milovic
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|