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Farhadi K, Santella AJ, Karaye IM. Trends in nasopharyngeal cancer mortality in the United States, 1999-2020. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2023; 51:1037-1044. [PMID: 36484336 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) has been declining in the United States (US) in recent years. However, little is known about the latest trends in NPC mortality in the US population. This study aimed to examine the trends in NPC mortality rate by age, sex, race and ethnicity and US Census Region from 1999 to 2020. METHODS Mortality data were extracted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER) database. Decedents whose cause of death was NPC were identified using the International Classification of Diseases Codes, 10th Revision: C11.0-C11.9. Trends in age adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) from NPC were assessed using a joinpoint regression model. Annual Percentage Changes (APC) and Average Annual Percentage Changes were examined overall and by age, sex, race and ethnicity and census region. RESULTS From 1999 through 2020, a total of 14 534 NPC deaths were recorded in the US (AAMR = 0.2 per 100 000; 95% CI: 0.2, 0.2). Overall trends remained stationary throughout the study period. Since 2006, recent trends declined by 6.1% per year (95% CI: -8.4, -3.7) among Non-Hispanic Whites, and by 2.7% per year among Non-Hispanic Blacks, Asians/Pacific Islanders and Hispanics. Trends either stabilized or declined by sex, age and US Census Region. Similar results were obtained when the analysis was restricted to decedents aged 65 years and above. CONCLUSIONS Stationary or declining trends in NPC mortality could be due to the falling incidence of the disease and/or advances in medical diagnosis and treatment. Considering the enigmatic nature of NPC, future studies should explore the genetic and sociodemographic factors associated with the trends reported in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kameron Farhadi
- Department of Population Health, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Anthony J Santella
- Public Health Program, Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ibraheem M Karaye
- Department of Population Health, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA
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2
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He H, Zhang L, Lin K, Huang Z, Zhou Y, Lin S, Su Y, Pan J. The Prognosis Value of PSPC1 Expression in Nasopharyngeal Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:3281-3291. [PMID: 33883941 PMCID: PMC8053714 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s300567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Paraspeckle component 1 (PSPC1) is overexpressed in various cancer and correlated with poor survival in the patients. However, little is known about its expression and role in the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC). The purpose of this study is to examine PSPC1 expression in NPC and explore its role in clinical prognosis of radiation therapy. Methods The association of PSPC1 expression with clinicopathological features of 109 NPC patients was examined using partial correlation analysis. Cancer tissues were obtained prior to clinical treatment. All cases were diagnosed and pathologically confirmed to be poorly differentiated or undifferentiated NPC without distant metastasis. The patients were then treated with radiation and followed-up. Survival analysis was performed. Results Partial correlation analysis revealed that the PSPC1 expression in NPC was correlated with N classification, recurrence, prognosis and radiosensitivity in NPC patients, but not with the gender, age, pathohistological pattern, clinical stage, and T classification. The overexpression of PSPC1 was detected in 64 samples (58.72%). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that the overall survival (OS) was longer in NPC patients with PSPC1 low expression than that in those with PSPC1 high expression. Moreover, patients with the overexpression of PSPC1 had a low progression-free survival and distant metastasis-free survival rate, compared to those who had a low expression of PSPC1. Although not statistically significant, patients with high expression of PSPC1 had a lower locoregional recurrence-free survival rate than those with low expression, and the curves between the two groups was well separated. Conclusion PSPC1 overexpression was associated with poor prognosis for NPC, which might be a novel useful biomarker to predict the response of NPC to radiation therapy and its clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huocong He
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350014, People's Republic of China
| | - Lurong Zhang
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350014, People's Republic of China
| | - Keyu Lin
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengrong Huang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350014, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojun Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Su
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianru Pan
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, People's Republic of China
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Yang J, Lv X, Chen J, Xie C, Xia W, Jiang C, Zeng T, Ye Y, Ke L, Yu Y, Liang H, Guan XY, Guo X, Xiang Y. CCL2-CCR2 axis promotes metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by activating ERK1/2-MMP2/9 pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 7:15632-47. [PMID: 26701209 PMCID: PMC4941266 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Distant metastasis remains the major failure of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In this study, the roles of chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2), and its receptor chemokine C-C motif receptor type 2 (CCR2) on NPC metastasis were investigated. Serum CCL2 and CCL2/CCR2 expression level were remarkably increased in NPC patients compared to non-tumor patients by ELISA and IHC analyses. High expressions of CCL2/CCR2 were significantly associated with NPC metastasis and poor overall survival (OS). High expression of CCR2 is an independent adverse prognostic factor of OS and distant metastasis free survival (DMFS). Overexpressions of CCL2 and CCR2 were detected in high-metastatic NPC cell lines. Upregulating CCL2 and CCR2 respectively in low-metastatic NPC cell lines could promote cell migration and invasion, and exogenous CCL2 enhanced the motility in CCR2-overexpressing cells. On the other hand, downregulating CCL2 and CCR2 respectively in high-metastatic NPC cell lines by shRNA could decrease cell migration and invasion. However, exogenous CCL2 could not rescue the weaken ability of motility of CCR2-silencing cells. In nude mouse model, distant metastasis was significantly facilitated in either CCL2-overexpressing or CCR2-overexpressing groups, which was more obvious in CCR2-overexpressing group. Also, distant metastasis was considerably inhibited in either CCL2-silencing or CCR2-silencing groups. Dual overexpression of CCL2/CCR2 could activate extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) signaling pathway, which sequentially induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and 9 upregulations in the downstream. In conclusion, CCL2-CCR2 axis could promote NPC metastasis by activating ERK1/2-MMP2/9 pathway. This study helps to develop novel therapeutic targets for distant metastasis in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinna Chen
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hong Kong University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Changqing Xie
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, Vidant Medical Center, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Weixiong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hong Kong University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tingting Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangru Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yahui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Hong Kong University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanqun Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Wang Y, Chen G. Identifying pretreatment baseline factors predictive of distant metastasis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6692. [PMID: 28445271 PMCID: PMC5413236 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This retrospective study was performed to identify pretreatment baseline factors that could predict the development of distant metastasis (DM) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).A cohort of 119 NPC patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) were recruited into the study. Among them, 51 developed DM (DM group) within 3 years after treatment and 68 did not (DM-free group). Various clinicopathological factors were measured before the treatment and analyzed by univariate as well as multivariate analyses for the potential correlation with DM development.Univariate analysis revealed that increased peripheral lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, lower lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR), higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), advanced American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, advanced T stage, and advanced N stage were significantly correlated with the presence of DM. Multivariate analysis identified advanced AJCC stage and high LDH level were independent predictive factors for DM.Routinely measured pretreatment clinical factors, including AJCC state and serum LDH level, could independently predict DM. These factors will benefit the selection of appropriate treatment options and improve the overall survival of NPC patients.
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Wang Q, Zhang W, Hao S. LncRNA CCAT1 modulates the sensitivity of paclitaxel in nasopharynx cancers cells via miR-181a/CPEB2 axis. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:795-801. [PMID: 28358263 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1301334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies reported that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) might play critical roles in regulating chemo-resistant of multiple types of cancer. This study aimed to investigate whether long non-coding RNA CCAT1 was involved in Paclitaxel resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). qRT-PCR was used for testing the expression of CCAT1, miR-181a and CPEB2 in tumor tissues and NPC cancers. NPC cells were transfected with siRNAs to suppress the mRNA level of CCAT1 in NPC cells. MTT assays and flow cytometry analysis were used to assess the sensitivity of paclitaxel in NPC cells. Luciferase reporter assays were used to examine the interaction of CCAT1 or CPEB2 to miR-181a. Our findings revealed that the upregulated CCAT1 results in significantly enhancing paclitaxel resistance in nasopharyngeal cancer cells. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay indicated that the upregulated CCAT1 sponges miR-181a in NPC cells. Furthermore, RNA immuno-precipitation assays showed that miR-181a could directly bind to CCAT1 mRNA in NPC cells. We restored miR-181a in NPC cells, and found restoration of miR-181a re-sensitized the NPC cells to paclitaxel in vitro. In addition, our results also showed that miR-181a was a modulator of paclitaxel sensitivity due to its regulative effect on cell apoptosis via targeting CPEB2 in NPC cells. Taken together, lncRNA CCAT1 regulates the sensitivity of paclitaxel in NPC cells via miR-181a/CPEB2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaosu Wang
- a The E.N.T Department , The First affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- a The E.N.T Department , The First affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Shaojuan Hao
- a The E.N.T Department , The First affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
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Wang R, Li H, Guo X, Wang Z, Liang S, Dang C. IGF-I Induces Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition via the IGF-IR-Src-MicroRNA-30a-E-Cadherin Pathway in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells. Oncol Res 2017; 24:225-31. [PMID: 27656832 PMCID: PMC7838631 DOI: 10.3727/096504016x14648701447931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrence and distant metastasis are the most common cause of therapeutic failure in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) can induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in many epithelial tumors; however, whether IGF-I can enhance NPC metastasis by EMT and the mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we have identified that IGF-I could induce EMT and enhance migration ability in NPC cell lines. Furthermore, both Src inhibitor and microRNA-30a (miR-30a) inhibitor reversed IGF-I-induced EMT, suggesting the involvement of an IGF-IR-Src-miR-30a-E-cadherin pathway in IGF-I-induced EMT in NPC cell lines. Overall, the results of the present study may provide more useful information regarding the mechanisms of the IGF-IR signaling pathway in the regulation of NPC metastasis. Both Src kinase and miR-30a can be potential biomarkers for selecting high risk of metastasis in NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, P.R. China
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7
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Tanshinone IIA suppress the proliferation of HNE-1 nasopharyngeal carcinoma an in vitro study. Saudi J Biol Sci 2016; 25:267-272. [PMID: 29472776 PMCID: PMC5815998 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) at present is considered to be one of the fatal diseases detected commonly in the people belonging to Southeast Asia and southern China. According to the WHO reports among the detected cases of NPC worldwide, 80% are from China. The present study investigates the effect of tanshinone IIA on the migration and invasion potential of HNE-1NPC cells and studied the detailed mechanism involved. Effect of the tanshinone IIA on viability of the HNE-1NPC cells was analyzed by MTS assay. Cell matrigel invasion and wound-healing motility assays, respectively were used for the analysis of invasion and migration potential of HNE-1 cells. Tanshinone IIA inhibited the viability of HNE-1cells in a dose dependent manner. Migration and invasion potential of the tanshinone IIA treated cells was reduced significantly (P < 0.05) compared to the control cells after 48 h. Analysis of the proteins involved in migration and invasion revealed a significant decrease in the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 on treatment with tanshinone IIA. It also inhibited the p65 and p50 expression in the nuclear fractions of HNE-1 cells after 48 h. Thus, tanshinone IIA inhibits migration and invasion potential of the HNE-1NPC cells through reduction in the expression of matrix metalloproteinases. Therefore, tanshinone IIA can be used for the treatment of NPC.
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8
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Qiu S, Xu Y, Huang L, Zheng W, Huang C, Huang S, Lin J, Lin D, Feng S, Chen R, Pan J. Non-invasive detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma using saliva surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Oncol Lett 2015; 11:884-890. [PMID: 26870300 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the use of saliva surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for the detection of non-invasive nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). SERS measurements were taken from 62 saliva samples, of which 32 were from NPC patients and 30 from healthy volunteers. Notable biochemical Raman bands in the SERS spectra were tentatively assigned to various saliva components. The saliva SERS spectra obtained from the NPC patients and the healthy volunteers were also analyzed by multivariate statistical techniques based on principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA). Significant differences were observed between the saliva SERS spectral intensities for NPC patients and healthy volunteers, particularly at 447, 496, 635, 729, 1134, 1270 and 1448 cm-1, which primarily contained signals associated with proteins, nucleic acids, fatty acids, glycogen and collagen. The classification results based on the PCA-LDA method provided a relatively high diagnostic sensitivity of 86.7%, specificity of 81.3% and diagnostic accuracy of 83.9% for NPC identification. The results from the present study demonstrate that saliva SERS analysis used in conjunction with PCA-LDA diagnostic algorithms possesses a promising clinical application for the non-invasive detection of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufang Qiu
- The Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Yuanji Xu
- The Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Huang
- The Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350014, P.R. China
| | - Chaobin Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350014, P.R. China
| | - Shaohua Huang
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P.R. China
| | - Jinyong Lin
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P.R. China
| | - Duo Lin
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Shangyuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P.R. China
| | - Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P.R. China
| | - Jianji Pan
- The Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350014, P.R. China
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9
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Xiao Y, Pan J, Chen Y, Lin S, Chen Y, Zong J, Fang Y, Guo Q, Chen B, Tang L. Prognostic value of MRI-derived masticator space involvement in IMRT-treated nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Radiat Oncol 2015; 10:204. [PMID: 26407897 PMCID: PMC4582819 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-015-0513-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This retrospective study reassessed nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), to determine the significance how magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived masticator space involvement (MSI) affected patients' prognosis. METHODS One thousand one hundred ninety seven NPC patients who had complete set of MRI and medical records were enrolled. Basing on their MRI findings, the T-categories of tumors were identified according to the seventh edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system, which considers MSI a prognostic indicator for NPCs. Rates of overall survival (OS), local relapse-free survival (LRFS), regional relapse-free survival (RRFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the Log-Rank test compared their differences. Cox regression analysis was employed to evaluate various prognostic factors systematically. Statistical analyses were conducted with SPSS 18.0 software, P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Medial pterygoid muscle (MPM) was involved in 283 (23.64 %) cases, of which lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) was concurrently affected in 181 (15.12 %) and infratemporal fossa (ITF) in 19 (1.59 %). Generally, MSI correlated with an OS, LRFS, and DMFS consistent with a T4-stage diagnosis (P > 0.05). Although different degrees of MSI presented a similar OS and DMFS (P > 0.1), tumors involving LPM had a relatively poorer LRFS than those affected the MPM only (P = 0.027), even for subgroup of patients composed of T3 and T4 classifications (P = 0.035). A tumor involving MPM brought an LRFS consistent with a T2 or T3-stage disease (P > 0.1). If the tumor affected LPM or ITF concurrently, the survival outcomes were more consistent with a T4-stage disease (P > 0.1). Nevertheless, compared to tumor infiltrating MPM, those invading LPM or ITF more frequently spread into other concurrent sites that earned higher T-staging categories. Moreover, multivariate analyses indicated the degree of MSI was a significant prognostic factor for the OS of NPCs (P = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS Degree of MSI is a significant prognosticator for the OS of IMRT-treated NPCs, and the prognosis of patients with lateral MSI extension (LPM and ITF) were shown to be significantly worse than those affected only MPM or the T3-stage disease. Thus, it is highly recommended that lateral MSI extension be a higher T-staging category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youping Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, P. R. China.
- Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, P. R. China.
| | - Jianji Pan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, P. R. China.
- Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, P. R. China.
| | - Yunbin Chen
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, P. R. China.
- Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, P. R. China.
| | - Shaojun Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, P. R. China.
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, P. R. China.
| | - Jingfeng Zong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, P. R. China.
- Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, P. R. China.
| | - Yanhong Fang
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, P. R. China.
| | - Qiaojuan Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, P. R. China.
- Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, P. R. China.
| | - Bijuan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, P. R. China.
- Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, P. R. China.
| | - Linbo Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, P. R. China.
- Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian Province, P. R. China.
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10
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Wang L, Sang Y, Tang J, Zhang RH, Luo D, Chen M, Deng WG, Kang T. Down-regulation of prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) by Slug promotes metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Pathol 2015; 237:411-22. [PMID: 26147638 DOI: 10.1002/path.4582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Distant metastasis and local recurrence are still the major causes for failure of treatment in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), making it urgent to further elicit the molecular mechanisms of NPC metastasis. Using a gene microarray including transcription factors and known markers for cancer stem cells, prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) was found to be significantly down-regulated in metastatic NPC in lymph node, compared to its primary tumour, and in NPC cell lines with high metastatic ability compared to those with low metastatic ability. NPC patients with low PSCA expression had a consistently poor metastasis-free survival (p = 0.003). Knockdown and overexpression of PSCA respectively enhanced and impaired the migration and invasion in vitro and the lung metastasis in vivo of NPC cells. Mechanistically, the enhancement of NPC metastasis by knocking down PSCA probably involved epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), by up-regulating N-cadherin and ZEB1/2 and by activating RhoA. The down-regulation of PSCA in NPC cells resulted directly from the binding of Slug to the PSCA promoter. PSCA may be a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for patients with NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yi Sang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Nanchang Key Laboratory of Cancer Pathogenesis and Translational Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianjun Tang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Ru-Hua Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Donghua Luo
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Mingyuan Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Wu-Guo Deng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Tiebang Kang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
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11
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WANG YIHONG, YANG JICHENG, SHENG WEIHUA, XIE YUFENG, LIU JISHENG. Adenovirus-mediated ING4/PTEN double tumor suppressor gene co-transfer modified by RGD enhances antitumor activity in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Int J Oncol 2015; 46:1295-303. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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12
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Li Y, Huang W, Pan J, Ye Q, Lin S, Feng S, Xie S, Zeng H, Chen R. Rapid detection of nasopharyngeal cancer using Raman spectroscopy and multivariate statistical analysis. Mol Clin Oncol 2014; 3:375-380. [PMID: 25798270 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2014.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical spectroscopic techniques, including Raman spectroscopy, have shown promise for in vivo cancer diagnostics in a variety of organs. In this study, the potential use of a home-made Raman spectral system with a millimeter order excitation laser spot size combined with a multivariate statistical analysis for the rapid detection and discrimination of nasopharyngeal cancer from normal nasopharyngeal tissue was evaluated. Raman scattering signals were acquired from 16 normal and 32 nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissue samples. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) based on principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) were employed to generate diagnostic algorithms for the classification of different nasopharyngeal tissue types. Spectral differences in Raman spectra between the two types of tissues were revealed; the normalized intensities of Raman peaks at 1,001, 1,207 and 1,658 cm-1 were more intense for nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissue compared to normal tissue, while Raman bands at 848, 936 and 1,446 cm-1 were stronger in normal nasopharyngeal samples. The PCA-LDA algorithm together with leave-one-out cross validation yields a diagnostic sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 87%, while the PLS method coupled with subwindow permutation analysis improves the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity to 85 and 88%, respectively. Therefore, Raman spectroscopy combined with PCA-LDA/PLS demonstrated good potential for improving the clinical diagnosis of nasopharyngeal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007 ; Fujian Metrology Institute, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003
| | - Jianji Pan
- Cancer Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Qing Ye
- Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Shaojun Lin
- Cancer Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Shangyuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007
| | - Shusen Xie
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007
| | - Haishan Zeng
- Imaging Unit-Integrative Oncology Department, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada ; Imaging Unit - Integrative Oncology Department, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007
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13
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Gong Z, Zhang S, Zeng Z, Wu H, Yang Q, Xiong F, Shi L, Yang J, Zhang W, Zhou Y, Zeng Y, Li X, Xiang B, Peng S, Zhou M, Li X, Tan M, Li Y, Xiong W, Li G. LOC401317, a p53-regulated long non-coding RNA, inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line HNE2. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110674. [PMID: 25422887 PMCID: PMC4244030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that long non-coding RNAs participate in all steps of cancer initiation and progression by regulating protein-coding genes at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels. Long non-coding RNAs are in turn regulated by other genes, forming a complex regulatory network. The regulation networks between the p53 tumor suppressor and these RNAs in nasopharyngeal carcinoma remains unclear. The aims of this study were to investigate the regulatory roles of the TP53 gene in regulating long non-coding RNA expression profiles and to study the function of a TP53-regulated long non-coding RNA (LOC401317) in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line HNE2. Long non-coding RNA expression profiling indicated that 133 long non-coding RNAs were upregulated in the human NPC cell line HNE2 cells following TP53 overexpression, while 1057 were downregulated. Among these aberrantly expressed long non-coding RNAs, LOC401317 was the most significantly upregulated one. Further studies indicated that LOC401317 is directly regulated by p53 and that ectopic expression of LOC401317 inhibits HNE2 cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. LOC401317 inhibited cell cycle progression by increasing p21 expression and decreasing cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 expression and promoted apoptosis through the induction of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and caspase-3 cleavage. Collectively, these results suggest that LOC401317 is directly regulated by p53 and exerts antitumor effects in HNE2 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojian Gong
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hanjiang Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianbo Yang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Wenling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuping Peng
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Tan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Wei Xiong
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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14
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Wang HY, Li YY, Fu S, Wang XP, Huang MY, Zhang X, Shao Q, Deng L, Zeng MS, Zeng YX, Shao JY. MicroRNA-30a promotes invasiveness and metastasis in vitro and in vivo through epithelial-mesenchymal transition and results in poor survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 239:891-898. [PMID: 24812123 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214532758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Although microRNA-30a (miR-30a) has been shown to regulate cancer metastasis, the molecular mechanism has not yet been clearly elucidated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The present study was to investigate the miR-30a expression pattern and its potential functions and further to identify its target gene and corresponding clinical applications in NPC. MiR-30a was identified to be down-regulated in NPC primary tumors compared with metastatic tumors using quantitative real-time PCR. Furthermore, over-expression of miR-30a transfected with precursor increased the ability of metastasis and invasion of NPC tumor cells in vivo and in vitro. E-cadherin was screened as a putative target gene of miR-30a by computational algorithms. Luciferase reporter assays showed that over-expression of miR-30a directly reduced the activity of a luciferase transcript combined with the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of E-cadherin. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test were analyzed for 1077 NPC patients for overall survival, indicating that a high expression of E-cadherin was beneficial for NPC prognosis (P = 0.001). Importantly, NPC patients with high expression of E-cadherin had much lower risk of poor prognosis (hazard ratio = 0.757, P = 0.017) using multivariate analysis. In conclusion, miR-30a could play an important role in regulating NPC metastasis and potentially provide useful guidelines for individualized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yang-Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Sha Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xiao-Pai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China Department of Pathology, Guangzhou First Municipal People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510180, PR China
| | - Ma-Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Qiong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ling Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Mu-Sheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jian-Yong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
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15
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Lee SW, Lin CY, Tian YF, Sun DP, Lin LC, Chen LT, Hsing CH, Huang CT, Hsu HP, Huang HY, Wu LC, Li CF, Shiue YL. Overexpression of CDC28 protein kinase regulatory subunit 1B confers an independent prognostic factor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. APMIS 2014; 122:206-214. [PMID: 23879533 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Data mining on public domain identified that CDC28 protein kinase regulatory subunit 1B (CKS1B) transcript was highly expressed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The expression of CKS1B protein and its clinicopathological associations in patients with NPC were further evaluated. Immunoexpression of CKS1B was retrospectively assessed in biopsies of 124 consecutive NPC patients without initial distant metastasis and treated with consistent guidelines. The correlations between CKS1B immunoexpression levels and clinicopathological features, as well as patient survivals, were analyzed. High CKS1B expression (49.2%) was correlated with the 7th American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage (p = 0.014). In multivariate analyses, high CKS1B expression emerged as an independent prognostic factor for worse disease-specific survival (p < 0.001), metastasis-free survival (p < 0.001), and local recurrence-free survival (p = 0.001). High expression of CKS1B is common and associated with adverse prognostic factors and might confer tumor aggressiveness through dysregulation of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase (intrinsic regulatory activity) during cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Wei Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
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16
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Lan J, Tai HC, Lee SW, Chen TJ, Huang HY, Li CF. Deficiency in expression and epigenetic DNA Methylation of ASS1 gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: negative prognostic impact and therapeutic relevance. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:161-169. [PMID: 23897555 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1020-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk stratification and final outcomes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) still remain suboptimal. Our principal goals were to identify and validate targetable metabolic drivers relevant to pathogenesis of NPC using a published transcriptome. One prominently downregulated gene regulating amino acid metabolism was found to be argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS1). Attributable to epigenetic DNA methylation, ASS1 deficiency may link to the therapeutic sensitivity to the arginine-depriving agents and promote tumor aggressiveness through its newly identified tumor suppressor function. ASS1 immunohistochemistry was therefore examined in a well-defined cohort of 124 NPC biopsy specimens and in the neck lymph node metastases of another ten independent cases. For the latter, bisulphite pyrosequencing was performed to evaluate the extent of ASS1 gene methylation. ASS1 protein deficiency was identified in 64 of 124 cases (51.6%), significantly related to T3-T4 status (p = 0.006), and univariately associated with inferior local recurrence-free survival (p = 0.0427), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS; p = 0.0036), and disease-specific survival (DSS; p = 0.0069). Together with advanced AJCC stages III-IV, ASS1 protein deficiency was also independently predictive of worse outcomes for the DFMS (p = 0.010, hazard ratio = 2.241) and DSS (p = 0.020, hazard ratio = 1.900). ASS1 promoter hypermethylation was detected in eight of ten neck nodal metastatic lesions by bisulphite pyrosequencing and associated with ASS1 protein deficiency (p < 0.001). In summary, ASS1 protein deficiency was seen in approximately a half of NPCs and associated with advanced T classification, DNA methylation, and clinical aggressiveness, consistent with its tumor suppressor role. This aberration may render pegylated arginine deiminase as a promising strategy for ASS1-deficient NPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui Lan
- Departments of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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17
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Win KT, Lee SW, Huang HY, Lin LC, Lin CY, Hsing CH, Chen LT, Li CF. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase overexpression is associated with Akt phosphorylation and indicates worse prognosis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2013; 34:3923-3931. [PMID: 23838801 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-0980-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is overexpressed in many human cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. Akt (also known as protein kinase B) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase, serving as a downstream effector of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway. NNMT was first identified as a differentially upregulated gene in nasopharyngeal cancer tissues through data mining from published transcriptomic databases. Since no prior study has attempted to evaluate the clinical significance of NNMT or phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) expression in nasopharyngeal cancer, this study explores their expression in a large cohort of patients with nasopharyngeal cancer. The study included 124 nasopharyngeal cancer patients who were free of distant metastasis at initial diagnosis. Pathological slides were reviewed and clinical findings collected. We evaluated the expression of NNMT and pAkt immunohistochemically, stratified them into two groups (high and low expression) and examined the correlation with disease-specific survival (DSS), metastasis-free survival (MeFS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), and various clinicopathological factors. NNMT expression was significantly positively associated with pAkt expression. The high expression of both markers was significantly associated with an increment of tumor stage (p = 0.006 and p = 0.006, respectively). High expression of NNMT correlated significantly with a more aggressive clinical course and a significantly shorter DSS. Furthermore, NNMT expression and pAkt expression were strongly predictive of MeFS (p = 0.008; p = 0.0063) and LRFS (p = 0.005; p = 0.0125). In multivariate analysis, high expression of NNMT remained as a robust prognosticator for both end points evaluated. It independently portended inferior DSS (p = 0.02, HR = 1.976) and worse MeFS (p = 0.029, HR = 2.022) after tumor stage (p = 0.033, HR = 2.150; p = 0.028, HR = 2.942, for DSS and LRFS, respectively). We found NNMT positively correlated with pAkt expression and was independent adverse prognosticators of patient survival. NNMT therefore has potential utility as an indicator for prognosis, predicting treatment response to chemotherapy or radiation therapy, and even as a therapeutic target in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khin Than Win
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, 901 Chunghwa Road, Yung Kang Dist., Tainan County, 710, Taiwan
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18
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Cai K, Wang Y, Zhao X, Bao X. Association between the P53 codon 72 polymorphism and nasopharyngeal cancer risk. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:1891-7. [PMID: 24114013 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1254-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The P53 codon 72 polymorphism has been identified as a critical biomarker in modifying the risk of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). Many studies have investigated the association between the polymorphism of P53 codon 72 and NPC risk; however, the findings across the published studies are inconsistent and inconclusive. To acquire a more precise assessment for this association, we conducted an updated meta-analysis. The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Wanfang databases were searched for relevant case-control studies. Totally, seven independent publications with 1,133 cases and 1,678 controls were retrieved. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated. Increased risk of NPC was observed among individuals carrying the variant allele and genotypes of P53 codon 72 (OR Pro vs. Arg = 1.32, 95% CI 1.18-1.47, P OR < 0.001; OR ProPro vs. ArgArg = 1.90, 95% CI 1.51-2.39, P OR < 0.001; OR ProArg + ProPro vs. ArgArg = 1.33, 95% CI 1.13-1.57, P OR = 0.001; OR ProPro vs. ArgArg + ProArg = 1.65, 95% CI 1.35-2.01, P OR < 0.001). Stratified analyses by ethnicity and source of controls also identified this significant relationship in Asians, Caucasians, and hospital-based case-control studies. There was no publication bias risk in our study. The updated meta-analysis supports the evidence that the polymorphism of P53 codon 72 is a risk factor for the development of NPC among the populations of both Asian and Caucasian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemin Cai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China,
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19
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Zhai X, Yang Y, Wan J, Zhu R, Wu Y. Inhibition of LDH-A by oxamate induces G2/M arrest, apoptosis and increases radiosensitivity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Oncol Rep 2013; 30:2983-91. [PMID: 24064966 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
An elevated rate of glucose consumption and the dependency on aerobic glycolysis for ATP generation have long been observed in cancer cells, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. the altered energy metabolism in cancer cells provides an attractive opportunity for developing novel cancer therapeutic strategies. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which catalyzes the transformation of pyruvate to lactate, plays a vital role in the process of glycolysis. It has been reported that the level of LDH-A expression is increased both in head and neck cancer cells and in the blood serum of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, and is associated with poor prognosis. However, the effect of LDH-A inhibition on NPC cells remains unknown. Here, in the present study, we found that oxamate, a classical inhibitor of LDH-A, suppressed cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner both in CNE-1 and CNE-2 cells, two NPC cancer cell lines. LDH inhibition by oxamate induced G2/M cell cycle arrest via downregulation of the CDK1/cyclin B1 pathway and promoted apoptosis through enhancement of mitochondrial ROS generation. N-acetylcysteine, a specific scavenger of ROS, significantly blocked the growth inhibition effect induced by oxamate. We also identified that oxamate increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation in the two NPC cancer cell lines. Furthermore, we verified similar results in tumor xenograft models. collectively, these results suggest that LDH-A may serve as a promising therapeutic target for NPC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Zhai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
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20
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Lee SW, Chen TJ, Lin LC, Li CF, Chen LT, Hsing CH, Hsu HP, Tsai CJ, Huang HY, Shiue YL. Overexpression of thymidylate synthetase confers an independent prognostic indicator in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Exp Mol Pathol 2013; 95:83-90. [PMID: 23726796 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Data mining on public domain identified that thymidylate synthetase (TYMS) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) transcripts were significantly higher expressed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In the folate pathway, TYMS catalyzes the methylation of deoxyuridylate to deoxythymidylate using 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate [5,10-CH2=THF, derived from tetrahydrofolate (THF)], as a cofactor. This function maintains the thymidine-5-prime monophosphate pool critical for DNA replication and repair and, THF is generated from dihydrofolate (DHF) through the activity of DHFR. Immunoexpression of TYMS and DHFR were retrospectively assessed in biopsies of 124 consecutive NPC patients without initial distant metastasis and treated with consistent guidelines. The outcome was correlated with clinicopathological features and patient survivals. Results indicated that high TYMS (50%) expressions were correlated with primary tumor (p=0.008) and AJCC stage (p=0.006), and high DHFR (50%) expression were correlated with nodal status (p=0.039) and AJCC stage (p=0.029) (7th American Joint Committee on Cancer), respectively. In multivariate analyses, high TYMS expression emerged as an independent prognosticator for worse disease-specific survival (p<0.001), distal metastasis-free survival (p=0.002) and local recurrence-free survival (p<0.001), along with AJCC stage. Therefore, TYMS expression is common and associated with adverse prognosticators and might confer tumor aggressiveness through dysregulation of the nucleotide biosynthetic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Wei Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
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21
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Deng CC, Liang Y, Wu MS, Feng FT, Hu WR, Chen LZ, Feng QS, Bei JX, Zeng YX. Nigericin selectively targets cancer stem cells in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:1997-2006. [PMID: 23831840 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is prevalent in southern China, northern Africa, and Alaska. The prognosis for NPC patients at early stage is good, while it is poor for patients at late stages. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been proposed to be associated with tumor initiation, relapse and metastasis, and the poor prognosis of NPC likely results from residual CSCs after therapy. Study on the therapy targeting CSCs in NPC remains poor, though it received intensive attentions in other cancers. Here, we used NPC cell lines with high and low proportion of CSCs as models to explore the effect of nigericin, an antibiotic, on CSCs. We found that nigericin could selectively target CSCs and sensitize CSCs in NPC to the widely used clinical drug cisplatin both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, downregulation of the polycomb group protein Bmi-1 may contribute to the inhibitory effect of nigericin on CSCs. Furthermore, by using the in vitro NPC cell models, we found that nigericin could significantly decrease the migration and invasion abilities, which are known to be associated with CSCs. Taken together, our results suggest that nigericin can selectively target CSCs in NPC, which could be a candidate CSCs targeting drug for clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Cheng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China and Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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22
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Zheng Y, Liu Y, Jin H, Pan S, Qian Y, Huang C, Zeng Y, Luo Q, Zeng M, Zhang Z. Scavenger receptor B1 is a potential biomarker of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its growth is inhibited by HDL-mimetic nanoparticles. Am J Cancer Res 2013; 3:477-86. [PMID: 23843895 PMCID: PMC3706691 DOI: 10.7150/thno.6617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a very regional malignant head and neck cancer that has attracted widespread attention for its unique etiology, epidemiology and therapeutic options. To achieve high cure rates in NPC patients, theranostic approaches are actively being pursued and improved efforts remain desirable in identifying novel biomarkers and establishing effective therapeutic approaches with low long-term toxicities. Here, we discovered that the scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-B1) was overexpressed in all investigated NPC cell lines and 75% of NPC biopsies, demonstrating that SR-B1 is a potential biomarker of NPC. Additional functional analysis showed that SR-B1 has great effect on cell motility while showing no significant impact on cell proliferation. As high-density lipoproteins (HDL) exhibit strong binding affinities to SR-B1 and HDL mimetic peptides are reportedly capable of inhibiting tumor growth, we further examined the SR-B1 targeting ability of a highly biocompatible HDL-mimicking peptide-phospholipid scaffold (HPPS) nanocarrier and investigated its therapeutic effect on NPC. Results show that NPC cells with higher SR-B1 expression have superior ability in taking up the core constituents of HPPS. Moreover, HPPS inhibited the motility and colony formation of 5-8F cells, and significantly suppressed the NPC cell growth in nude mice without inducing tumor cell necrosis or apoptosis. These results indicate that HPPS is not only a NPC-targeting nanocarrier but also an effective anti-NPC drug. Together, the identification of SR-B1 as a potential biomarker and the use of HPPS as an effective anti-NPC agent may shed new light on the diagnosis and therapeutics of NPC.
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23
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Liu J, Zhang Y, Sun P, Xie Y, Xiang J, Yang J. Enhanced therapeutic efficacy of adenovirus-mediated interleukin-24 gene therapy combined with ionizing radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2013; 30:1165-74. [PMID: 23783436 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7 (mda-7)/interleukin-24 (IL-24), a unique cytokine tumor suppressor, displays ubiquitous antitumor activities and cancer-specific cytotoxicities via multiple signaling pathways. In the present study, we investigated the antitumor effect of adenovirus-mediated IL-24 (AdVIL-24) gene therapy in conjunction with ionizing radiation on CNE-2Z human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells in vitro and in vivo in athymic nude mice, and its potential mechanisms. We demonstrated that AdVIL-24 gene therapy plus ionizing radiotherapy induced enhanced growth inhibition, cell cycle G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in vitro in CNE-2Z human NPC cells and in vivo in CNE-2Z xenografted tumors subcutaneously implanted in athymic nude mice. Mechanistically, AdVIL-24 combined with ionizing radiation led to the substantial upregulation of P21 and P27 cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors, ratio of pro-apoptotic to anti-apoptotic molecules Bax/Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase‑3 as well as downregulation of cyclin E and CDK2 in vitro and in vivo in CNE-2Z human NPC cells. Furthermore, AdVIL-24 plus radiation additively reduced the tumor vessel CD34 expression and microvessel density in vivo. More importantly, AdVIL-24 potentially blocked the radiation-induced enhancement of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic factor. The enhanced antitumor activity against NPC elicited by AdVIL-24 gene therapy combined with ionizing radiotherapy was closely associated with the enhanced induction of G1 phase arrest and apoptosis via additive modulation of cell cycle regulatory molecules and activation of intrinsic apoptotic pathways, and the overlapping inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. Thus, our results suggest that AdVIL-24 gene therapy combined with ionizing radiotherapy may be a novel and effective treatment strategy for human NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisheng Liu
- Department of ENT, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
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24
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Feng X, Ren C, Zhou W, Liu W, Zeng L, Li G, Wang L, Li M, Zhu B, Yao K, Jiang X. Promoter hypermethylation along with LOH, but not mutation, contributes to inactivation of DLC-1
in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Mol Carcinog 2013; 53:858-70. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangling Feng
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine; Central South University; Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Caiping Ren
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine; Central South University; Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine; Central South University; Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine; Central South University; Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zeng
- Department of Pathology; Hunan Tumor Hospital; Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Guifei Li
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine; Central South University; Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine; Central South University; Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Min Li
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine; Central South University; Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine; Central South University; Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Kaitai Yao
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine; Central South University; Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Cancer Research Institute; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xingjun Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery; Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
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Huang GL, Lu Y, Pu XX, He YX, Chen ML, Li YZ, Tang SY, Che H, He Z. Association study between miR-149 gene polymorphism and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Biomed Rep 2013; 1:599-603. [PMID: 24648993 DOI: 10.3892/br.2013.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Association studies between single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2292832 on miR-149 gene and cancer risk have been previously analyzed in several types of cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between miR-149 polymorphism and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). miR-149 gene polymorphism was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in 158 patients with NPC and 242 healthy individuals. Associations with cancer risk and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed by χ2 test. No significant difference was observed for miR-149 gene polymorphism in NPC patients and healthy controls in either genotype (P=0.427 for CC vs. CT vs. TT, P=0.247 for CT vs. TT and P=0.323 for CC vs. TT, respectively) or allelic analysis (P=0.216). No significant difference was noted between the genotypes and the clinicopathological parameters examined with the exception of clinical stage. A significantly higher CC distribution in clinical stage I-II compared with III-IV was observed under the dominant model (CC vs. CT vs. TT, P=0.026) and the co-dominant model (CC vs. TT, P=0.030). The results of this study suggested that the CC genotype of miR-149 contributes to the progression and development, rather than the initiation of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Liang Huang
- Sino-American Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China ; Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Yan Lu
- Sino-American Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China ; Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Xiang Pu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hunan Tumor Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Xiang He
- Department of Oncology, Central South University Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Ling Chen
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Zhen Li
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Yin Tang
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Hua Che
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei He
- Sino-American Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China ; Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
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Li CF, Chen LT, Lin CY, Huang HY, Hsing CH, Huang CT, Shiue YL. E2F transcription factor 1 overexpression as a poor prognostic factor in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinomas. BIOMARKERS AND GENOMIC MEDICINE 2013; 5:23-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gmbhs.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2025]
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27
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Wei Y, Zhou T, Lin H, Sun M, Wang D, Li H, Li B. Significant associations between GSTM1/GSTT1 polymorphisms and nasopharyngeal cancer risk. Tumour Biol 2012; 34:887-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-012-0623-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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28
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Clinical outcomes and patterns of failure after intensity-modulated radiotherapy for T4 nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2012; 49:175-81. [PMID: 23021729 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2012.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study is to study and report the clinical outcomes and patterns of failure after intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for T4 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). A total of 70 patients treated with IMRT between 2004 and 2009 were eligible for study inclusion. According to the staging system of 2010 AJCC, all the primary tumors were attributed to T4 stage, while the distribution of disease by N stage was N0 in 2, N1 in 23, N2 in 39, N3a in 1, and N3b in 5. The location and extent of locoregional failures were transferred to the pretreatment planning computed tomography for dosimetry analysis. The median follow-up period was 26.8 (range, 4-78) months. The overall 2-year local failure-free survival, regional failure-free survival, distant failure-free survival, and overall survival rate was 82.1%, 92.3%, 73.8%, and 82.5%, respectively. Thirty-three patients had developed treatment failure. Of the 33 patients, 11, 2, and 15 had developed local failure, regional failure, and distant metastasis, respectively, 2 had developed locoregional failure, 1 had developed distant metastasis and failure at the primary, and 2 had developed distant metastasis and failure at the primary and nodal site. Eight of the locoregional failures were marginal. The results of treating T4 NPC with IMRT were excellent. Advanced T4 disease remained difficult to treat. One possible strategy is to lessen the dose constraint criteria of selected neurologic structures. Distant metastasis remains the most difficult treatment challenge for patients with T4 NPC at present, and more effective systemic chemotherapy should be explored.
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29
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Jiang S, Chen X, Li C, Zhang X, Zhang T, Yue Y, Yang G. Suramin inhibits the growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via the downregulation of osteopontin. Mol Med Rep 2012; 6:1351-4. [PMID: 22965338 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2012.1074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is the principal therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) at early stages. A number of chemotherapeutic methods have been used to inhibit the progression of NPC at elevated stages. Suramin has been reported to inhibit the growth of certain tumor cells via various pathways. In the present study, we aimed to analyze the effects of suramin on the proliferation of NPC cells (CNE-2). Suramin was proved to demonstrate NPC cell growth-inhibiting effects both in a dose- and time-dependent manner. To determine the potential mechanisms of these effects, western blotting and flow cytometric analysis were performed. Suramin was found to have the potential to induce cell cycle arrest in S-phase CNE-2 cells. Additionally, we found that the OPN level may decrease in suramin-treated CNE-2 cells. The changes of certain apoptosis- and p-AKT-associated proteins possibly regulating the OPN expression were measured by western blotting. In conclusion, suramin may function as a potential agent for the adjunctive therapy of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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30
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Wu LC, Chen YL, Wu WR, Li CF, Huang HY, Lee SW, Chang SL, Lin CY, Chen YH, Hsu HP, Lu PJ, Shiue YL. Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated protein 1 confers an independent prognosticator in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a cohort study. J Clin Pathol 2012; 65:795-801. [PMID: 22791769 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2012-200893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Low expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated protein (CDK2AP1) is associated with tumour progression in oral and oesophageal carcinomas, but is not well studied in patients with head and neck cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS A rabbit anti-human CDK2AP1 polyclonal antibody was prepared. Immunoblotting of CDK2AP1 was examined in three cell lines and immunoexpression was retrospectively assessed in biopsies of 124 consecutive NPC patients without initial distant metastasis and treated with consistent guidelines. RESULTS Higher CDK2AP1 expression level was identified in dysplastic oral keratinocytes, compared with two NPC-derived HONE-1 and TW01 cell lines. Low expression of CDK2AP1 (50.8%) was correlated with advanced nodal status (p=0.002) and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage (p=0.004). In multivariate analyses, low CDK2AP1 expression emerged as an independent prognosticator for worse disease-specific survival (DSS; p=0.037) and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS; p=0.042), along with AJCC stage III-IV (p=0.034, DSS; p=0.029, LRFS). CONCLUSIONS Low CDK2AP1 expression is common and associated with adverse prognosticators, conferring tumour aggressiveness through cycle cycle, cell growth or apoptosis cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ching Wu
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
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Lu K, Feng X, Deng Q, Sheng L, Liu P, Xu S, Su D. Prognostic role of serum cytokines in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 35:494-8. [PMID: 23007146 DOI: 10.1159/000341827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Th1/Th2 cytokine network imbalance plays a major role in cancer development and progression. In this study, we aim to evaluate the relationship between those cytokines and clinical outcome in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). PATIENTS AND METHODS The concentrations of Th1 cytokines (IL-2, TNF-α, IFN-γ) and Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10) in the serum were examined by Cytometric Bead Array in a total of 80 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients pre and post treatment. Associations of those cytokines with clinical pathological factors, treatment response, and overall survival were analyzed. RESULTS Pretreatment serum levels of IL-2 and TNF-α were closely associated with overall survival. Compared to patients with low IL-2 expression, those with high expression had less risk of death (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.13-0.75, p = 0.009). In contrast, TNF-α showed opposite effects on overall survival in patients with NPC. Patients with high TNF-α expression had a more than 2-fold increase in risk of death than those with low TNF-α (HR = 2.66, 95% CI 1.04-6.78, p = 0.041). All HRs were adjusted for age, sex, stage, histology, and treatment. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed similar survival differences between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION Lower serum IL-2 or elevated serum TNF-α concentrations predict an unfavorable prognosis for patients with NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Lu
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Chen YH, Wu LC, Wu WR, Lin HJ, Lee SW, Lin CY, Chang SL, Chow NH, Huang HY, Li CF, Hsu HP, Shiue YL. Loss of epithelial membrane protein-2 expression confers an independent prognosticator in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a cohort study. BMJ Open 2012; 2:e000900. [PMID: 22492389 PMCID: PMC3323806 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-000900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the expression of epithelial membrane protein-2 (EMP2) protein and its clinicopathological associations in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. DESIGN Retrospective population-based cohort study. SETTING This study was based on a biobank in Chi-Mei Medical Center (Tainan, Taiwan) from 1993 to 2002. PARTICIPANTS Biopsies of 124 consecutive nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients without initial distant metastasis and treated with consistent guidelines were assessed. Immunoexpressions of EMP2 were analysed and the outcomes were correlated with clinicopathological features and patient survivals. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Immunoexpressions of EMP2 were analyzed and the outcomes were correlated with clinicopathological features and patient survivals. RESULTS Loss of EMP2 expression (49.2%) was correlated with advanced primary tumour (p=0.044), nodal status (p=0.045) and the 7th American Joint Committee on Cancer stage (p=0.027). In multivariate analyses, loss of EMP2 expression emerged as an independent prognosticator for worse disease-specific survival (DSS; p=0.015) and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS; p=0.030), along with the American Joint Committee on Cancer stages III-IV (p=0.034, DSS; p=0.023, LRFS). CONCLUSIONS Loss of EMP2 expression is common and associated with adverse prognosticators and might confer tumour aggressiveness through hampering its interaction with specific membrane protein(s) and hence the downstream signal transduction pathway(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsien Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Wu
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ren Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jung Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Wei Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yih Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Lun Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Haw Chow
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Ying Huang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Heath Research Institute, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Han-Ping Hsu
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Tai HC, Huang HY, Lee SW, Lin CY, Sheu MJ, Chang SL, Wu LC, Shiue YL, Wu WR, Lin CM, Li CF. Associations of Rsf-1 overexpression with poor therapeutic response and worse survival in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Clin Pathol 2012; 65:248-253. [PMID: 22081787 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2011-200413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Deregulated chromatin remodelling often leads to aberrant gene expression in cells, thereby implicating tumour development and progression. As a subunit of remodelling and spacing factor complex, Rsf-1 (HBXAP), a novel nuclear protein with histone chaperon function, mediates ATPase-dependent chromatin remodelling and confers tumour aggressiveness in common carcinomas. However, the expression of Rsf-1 has never been reported in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study aimed at evaluating the expression status, associations with clincopathological variables and prognostic implications of Rsf-1 in a well-defined cohort of NPC. METHODS Rsf-1 immunoexpression was retrospectively assessed in biopsies of 108 consecutive NPC patients without initial distant metastasis and treated with consistent guidelines. The results were correlated with the clinicopathological features, therapeutic response, local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). RESULTS Present in 49 cases (45%), Rsf-1 overexpression was associated with N(2,3) status (p=0.016), American Joint Committee on Cancer stage 3, 4 (p=0.004), and incomplete therapeutic response (p=0.041). In multivariate analyses, Rsf-1 overexpression not only emerged as the sole independent adverse prognosticator for LRFS (p=0.0002, RR 5.287) but also independently predicted worse DMFS (p=0.0011, RR 3.185) and DSS (p<0.0001, RR 4.442), along with T(3,4) (p=0.0454) and N(2,3) (p=0.0319), respectively. CONCLUSION Rsf-1 overexpression is common and is associated with adverse prognosticators and therapeutic response, which confers tumour aggressiveness through chromatin remodelling, and represents a potential prognostic biomarker in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chun Tai
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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34
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Buehrlen M, Zwaan CM, Granzen B, Lassay L, Deutz P, Vorwerk P, Staatz G, Gademann G, Christiansen H, Oldenburger F, Tamm M, Mertens R. Multimodal treatment, including interferon beta, of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children and young adults. Cancer 2012; 118:4892-900. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.27395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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35
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A novel LMP1 antibody synergizes with mitomycin C to inhibit nasopharyngeal carcinoma growth in vivo through inducing apoptosis and downregulating vascular endothelial growth factor. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:2208-2218. [PMID: 22408448 PMCID: PMC3292017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13022208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Combined therapy emerges as an attractive strategy for cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of mitomycin C (MMC) combined with a novel antibody fragment (Fab) targeting latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) xenograft nude mice. The inhibitory rates of MMC (2 mg/kg), Fab (4 mg/kg), MMC (2 mg/kg) + Fab (4 mg/kg), and MMC (1 mg/kg) + Fab (4 mg/kg) were 20.1%, 7.3%, 42.5% and 40.5%, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the apoptotic rate of xenograft tumor cells in the MMC and Fab combination group was 28 ± 4.12%, significantly higher than the MMC (2 mg/kg) group (P < 0.01). Immunohistochemical staining showed that VEGF expression in NPC xenografts was significantly inhibited in the combination group compared to the Fab (4 mg/kg) group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, both MMC and Fab could inhibit NPC xenograft tumor growth in vivo and combination therapy showed apparent synergistic anti-tumor effects, which may be due to the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and the downregulation of VEGF expression. These results suggest that the novel combined therapy utilizing traditional chemotherapeutics and antibody-targeted therapy could be a promising strategy for the treatment of NPC.
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Zhou JX, Han JB, Chen SM, Xu Y, Kong YG, Xiao BK, Tao ZZ. γ-secretase inhibition combined with cisplatin enhances apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Exp Ther Med 2011; 3:357-361. [PMID: 22969896 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2011.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of cells. Although recent studies have shown that Notch plays a role in the mechanisms of cisplatin resistance, the mechanism by which Notch plays roles in intrinsic or acquired cisplatin resistance remains unclear. In the present study, poorly differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells were treated with a γ-secretase inhibitor (DAPT), which led to a decrease in the Notch intracellular domain and inhibition of Notch signaling. Treatment was not sufficient to induce pronounced apoptosis of CNE-2 cells, but did result in the down-regulation of the P-glycoprotein and ERCC1 protein. In contrast, the combined treatment of DAPT and cisplatin induced substantial cell apoptosis compared to cisplatin treatment alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xu Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, P.R. China
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Spunt SL, Vargas SO, Coffin CM, Skapek SX, Parham DM, Darling J, Hawkins DS, Keller C. The clinical, research, and social value of autopsy after any cancer death: a perspective from the Children's Oncology Group Soft Tissue Sarcoma Committee. Cancer 2011; 118:3002-9. [PMID: 22006470 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.26620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Revised: 08/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheri L Spunt
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-3678, USA.
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Wu HB, Wang QS, Wang MF, Zhen X, Zhou WL, Li HS. Preliminary study of 11C-choline PET/CT for T staging of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: comparison with 18F-FDG PET/CT. J Nucl Med 2011; 52:341-6. [PMID: 21321282 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.110.081190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Evaluation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) using (18)F-FDG PET/CT is limited by the intense physiologic uptake of (18)F-FDG in the brain. We attempted to improve detection of intracranial tumor invasion (including better delineation of invasion near the skull base) in locally advanced NPC using(11)C-choline PET/CT. METHODS Fifteen patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent locally advanced NPC were enrolled in the study. (18)F-FDG and (11)C-choline PET/CT was performed on all patients. PET/CT images obtained using the 2 tracers were compared using both maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and tumor-to-brain (T/B) ratios. All patients were followed up for more than 1 y. RESULTS The sensitivity of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in detecting locally advanced NPC was 86.6%, compared with a 100% sensitivity for (11)C-choline PET/CT (t = 2.143, P = 0.483). The SUVmax of lesions detected was higher using (18)F-FDG than using (11)C-choline (12.81 ± 5.00 vs. 6.84 ± 2.76, t = 6.416, P < 0.001), but the T/B ratio was much higher for (11)C-choline than for (18)F-FDG (18.62 ± 7.95 vs. 1.38 ± 0.59, t = 8.801, P < 0.001). Compared with (18)F-FDG PET/CT, (11)C-choline PET/CT improved the delineation of intracranial invasion in 6 of 12 patients (χ(2) = 8.00, P = 0.014), skull base invasion in 4 of 14 patients, and orbital invasion in 3 of 3 patients. CONCLUSION (11)C-choline can improve the quality of PET/CT in the T staging of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu-bing Wu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Li XJ, Ong CK, Cao Y, Xiang YQ, Shao JY, Ooi A, Peng LX, Lu WH, Zhang Z, Petillo D, Qin L, Bao YN, Zheng FJ, Chia CS, Iyer NG, Kang TB, Zeng YX, Soo KC, Trent JM, Teh BT, Qian CN. Serglycin is a theranostic target in nasopharyngeal carcinoma that promotes metastasis. Cancer Res 2011; 71:3162-72. [PMID: 21289131 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-3557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is known for its high-metastatic potential. Here we report the identification of the proteoglycan serglycin as a functionally significant regulator of metastasis in this setting. Comparative genomic expression profiling of NPC cell line clones with high- and low-metastatic potential revealed the serglycin gene (SRGN) as one of the most upregulated genes in highly metastatic cells. RNAi-mediated inhibition of serglycin expression blocked serglycin secretion and the invasive motility of highly metastatic cells, reducing metastatic capacity in vivo. Conversely, serglycin overexpression in poorly metastatic cells increased their motile behavior and metastatic capacity in vivo. Growth rate was not influenced by serglycin in either highly or poorly metastatic cells. Secreted but not bacterial recombinant serglycin promoted motile behavior, suggesting a critical role for glycosylation in serglycin activity. Serglycin inhibition was associated with reduced expression of vimentin but not other epithelial-mesenchymal transition proteins. In clinical specimens, serglycin expression was elevated significantly in liver metastases from NPC relative to primary NPC tumors. We evaluated the prognostic value of serglycin by immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarrays from 263 NPC patients followed by multivariate analyses. High serglycin expression in primary NPC was found to be an unfavorable independent indicator of distant metastasis-free and disease-free survival. Our findings establish that glycosylated serglycin regulates NPC metastasis via autocrine and paracrine routes, and that it serves as an independent prognostic indicator of metastasis-free survival and disease-free survival in NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Departments of Pathology and Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Chen LC, Chen CC, Liang Y, Tsang NM, Chang YS, Hsueh C. A novel role for TNFAIP2: its correlation with invasion and metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Mod Pathol 2011; 24:175-84. [PMID: 21057457 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2010.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is an inflammatory cytokine that is present in the microenvironment of many tumors and is known to promote tumor progression. To examine how TNFα modulates the progression and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, we used Affymetrix chips to identify TNFα-inducible genes that are dysregulated in this tumor. Elevated expression of TNFAIP2, which encodes TNFα-inducible protein 2 and not previously known to be associated with cancer, was found and confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR of TNFAIP2 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and adjacent normal tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the TNFAIP2 protein was highly expressed in tumor cells. Analysis of 95 nasopharyngeal carcinoma biopsy specimens revealed that high TNFAIP2 expression was significantly correlated with high-level intratumoral microvessel density (P=0.005) and low distant metastasis-free survival (P=0.001). A multivariate analysis further confirmed that TNFAIP2 was an independent prognostic factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (P=0.002). In vitro, TNFα treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma HK1 cells was found to induce TNFAIP2 expression, and siRNA-based knockdown of TNFAIP2 dramatically reduced the migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma HK1 cells. These results collectively suggest for the first time that TNFAIP2 is a cell migration-promoting protein and its expression predicts distant metastasis. Our data suggest that TNFAIP2 may serve as an independent prognostic indicator for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lih-Chyang Chen
- Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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He JR, Qin H, Ren ZF, Cui C, Zhang Y, Ranatunga D, Zeng YX, Jia WH. MMP-9 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the association with clinicopathological features and prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Clin Chem Lab Med 2011; 49:705-10. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2011.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Cao JY, Liu L, Chen SP, Zhang X, Mi YJ, Liu ZG, Li MZ, Zhang H, Qian CN, Shao JY, Fu LW, Xia YF, Zeng MS. Prognostic significance and therapeutic implications of centromere protein F expression in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Mol Cancer 2010; 9:237. [PMID: 20828406 PMCID: PMC2944187 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-9-237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Our recent cDNA microarray data showed that centromere protein F (CENP-F) is significantly upregulated in primary cultured nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tumor cells compared with normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. The goal of this study was to further investigate the levels of CENP-F expression in NPC cell lines and tissues to clarify the clinical significance of CENP-F expression in NPC as well as the potential therapeutic implications of CENP-F expression. Methods Real-time RT-PCR and western blotting were used to examine CENP-F expression levels in normal primary nasopharyngeal epithelial cells (NPEC), immortalized nasopharyngeal epithelial cells and NPC cell lines. Levels of CENP-F mRNA were determined by real-time RT-PCR in 23 freshly frozen nasopharyngeal biopsy tissues, and CENP-F protein levels were detected by immunohistochemistry in paraffin sections of 202 archival NPC tissues. Statistical analyses were applied to test for prognostic associations. The cytotoxicities of CENP-F potential target chemicals, zoledronic acid (ZOL) and FTI-277 alone, or in combination with cisplatin, in NPC cells were determined by the MTT assay. Results The levels of CENP-F mRNA and protein were higher in NPC cell lines than in normal and immortalized NPECs. CENP-F mRNA level was upregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma biopsy tissues compared with noncancerous tissues. By immunohistochemical analysis, CENP-F was highly expressed in 98 (48.5%) of 202 NPC tissues. Statistical analysis showed that high expression of CENP-F was positively correlated with T classification (P < 0.001), clinical stage (P < 0.001), skull-base invasion (P < 0.001) and distant metastasis (P = 0.012) inversely correlated with the overall survival time in NPC patients. Multivariate analysis showed that CENP-F expression was an independent prognostic indicator for the survival of the patient. Moreover, we found that ZOL or FTI-277 could significantly enhance the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of NPC cell lines (HONE1 and 6-10B) with high CENP-F expression to cisplatin, although ZOL or FTI-277 alone only exhibited a minor inhibitory effect to NPC cells. Conclusion Our data suggest that CENP-F protein is a valuable marker of NPC progression, and CENP-F expression is associated with poor overall survival of patients. In addition, our data indicate a potential benefit of combining ZOL or FTI-277 with cisplatin in NPC suggesting that CENP-F expression may have therapeutic implications.
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Fang FM, Tsai WL, Chien CY, Chen HC, Hsu HC, Huang TL, Lee TF, Huang HY, Lee CH. Pretreatment quality of life as a predictor of distant metastasis and survival for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28:4384-9. [PMID: 20713853 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.8324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the prognostic value of pretreatment quality of life (QoL) data on locoregional control (LRC), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and overall survival (OS) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 347 new patients with NPC, who were curatively treated by conformal radiotherapy from March 2003 to December 2007, were recruited. The Taiwan Chinese version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30 was completed before treatment. Multivariate Cox's proportional hazards models were used to analyze the impact of clinical and QoL variables on the treatment results. RESULTS The 5-year LRC, DMFS, and OS rates were 72.9%, 79.1%, and 68.4%, respectively. After adjusting the clinical variables, 10 QoL variables were observed to be significantly (P < .05) related to OS, and four QoL variables were related to DMFS. No QoL variable was predictive of LRC. Among the QoL variables that significantly predicted OS and DMFS, physical functioning was the most powerful predictor. A 10-point increase in the physical functioning score was associated with a 23% (95% CI, 12% to 34%) reduction in the likelihood of death and a 22% (95% CI, 9% to 36%) reduction in the likelihood of distant metastasis. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that pretreatment QoL variables, especially physical functioning, provide easily available prognostic value for distant metastasis and survival in patients with NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Min Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, 123 Ta-Pei Rd, Niao Sung Hsian, Kaohsiung Hsien, Taiwan.
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Clinical outcomes and patterns of failure after intensity-modulated radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010; 79:420-8. [PMID: 20452132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2009] [Revised: 10/31/2009] [Accepted: 11/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study and report the clinical outcomes and patterns of failure after intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS AND MATERIALS The treatment outcomes of NPC patients treated with IMRT at Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital between 2005 and 2007 were reviewed. The location and extent of locoregional failures were transferred to the pretreatment planning computed tomography for dosimetry analysis. Statistical analyses were performed on dose coverage and locoregional failures. RESULTS A total of 193 NPC patients were analyzed; 93% had Stage III/IV disease. Median follow-up was 30 months. Overall disease failure (at any site) developed in 35 patients. Among these, there were 23 distant metastases, 16 local failures, and 9 regional failures. Four of the locoregional failures were marginal. Dose conformity with IMRT was excellent. Patients with at least 66.5 Gy to their target volumes had significantly less locoregional failure. The 2-year local progression-free, regional progression-free, distant metastasis-free, and overall survival rates were 95%, 96%, 90%, and 92%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Intensity-modulated radiotherapy provides excellent locoregional control for NPC. Distant metastasis remains the most difficult challenge, and more effective systemic agents should be explored for patients presenting with advanced locoregional diseases.
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Lee HW, Hwang YH, Han JH, Choi JH, Kang SY, Jeong SH, Ann MS, Oh YT, Kim JH, Kim CH, Sheen SS. High expression of excision repair cross-complementation group 1 protein predicts poor outcome in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer. Oral Oncol 2010; 46:209-13. [PMID: 20153243 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2009.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the prognostic significance of excision repair cross-complementation group 1 protein (ERCC1) and thymidylate synthase (TS) in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Pre-treatment tumor biopsy specimens from 41 patients with locally advanced NPC (stage I: 1, II: 10, III: 9, IV: 21 patients) were analyzed for ERCC1 and TS expression by immunohistochemistry. All patients were treated with one cycle of induction chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil 1000 mg/m(2)/day and cisplatin 20mg/m(2)/day, days 1-4) followed by CCRT starting on day 22. CCRT consisted of radiotherapy (70 Gy/35 fractions for 7 weeks) with cisplatin 20mg/m(2)/day for 4 days on weeks 1, 4, and 7 of radiotherapy. High expression of ERCC1 and TS was observed in 25 (60%) and 21 (51%) patients, respectively. High expression of ERCC1 was associated with WHO type 1 or 2 histology (p=0.045). With a median follow-up duration of 106 months (32-152 months) in survivors, the 5-year overall survival (OS) of all patients was 53%. In univariate analysis, 5-year OS (73% versus 39%, p=0.005) was significantly inferior in patients with high expression of ERCC1, while high expression of TS was not correlated with patient outcome. In multivariate analysis, high expression of ERCC1 was a significant independent prognostic factor for poor OS (p=0.029) along with WHO type 1 or 2 histology. High expression of ERCC1 protein may be a useful prognostic factor for poor outcome in patients with locally advanced NPC treated with CCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443-721, Republic of Korea
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Wolff HA, Rödel RMW, Gunawan B, Overbeck T, Herrmann MKA, Hennies S, Hille A, Vorwerk H, Matthias C, Hess CF, Christiansen H. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in adults: treatment results after long-term follow-up with special reference to adjuvant interferon-beta in undifferentiated carcinomas. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2009; 136:89-97. [PMID: 19618214 PMCID: PMC2779341 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-009-0640-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2009] [Accepted: 06/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) are radiosensitive, and radiotherapy is the standard curative treatment. Furthermore, it has been shown that combined radiochemotherapy improves prognosis in locally advanced stages. Further encouraging results have been obtained with adjuvant interferon-beta after primary radio(chemo)therapy in childhood undifferentiated NPC. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the treatment results after long-term follow-up after radio(chemo)therapy for adult NPC with special reference to patients with undifferentiated carcinomas treated with adjuvant interferon-beta. Patients and methods From 02/1992 to 07/2008, 26 adult patients with NPC without distant metastases were treated (17 squamous cell carcinomas, 9 undifferentiated carcinomas). The treatment concepts changed over the years: 13 patients were treated with radiotherapy alone, 13 patients received combined radiochemotherapy. Additionally, six patients with undifferentiated carcinomas were treated with adjuvant interferon-beta after radiochemotherapy for 6 months. Results After a median follow-up of 96 months, 17 patients remain alive. Collectively, our 5-year overall-survival and loco-regional control rates were 74% (radiochemotherapy 81%, radiotherapy alone 68.5%) and 87% (radiochemotherapy 100%, radiotherapy alone 72.7%), respectively. All treatment regimens used were feasible; especially, adjuvant interferon-beta was applied as provided without high grade toxicity. All patients with undifferentiated carcinomas treated with adjuvant interferon-beta stayed alive until the end of the follow-up. Conclusion In summary, our data affirm that NPC in adults are curable by primary radio(chemo)therapy. Furthermore, our data indicate that adjuvant interferon-beta application in undifferentiated NPC in adults is feasible and shows promising results. Further prospective clinical trials are needed to finally establish adjuvant interferon beta in curative treatment of adult NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Andreas Wolff
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
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Tay WL, Yip GWC, Tan PH, Matsumoto K, Yeo R, Ng TP, Kumar SD, Tsujimoto M, Bay BH. Y-Box-binding protein-1 is a promising predictive marker of radioresistance and chemoradioresistance in nasopharyngeal cancer. Mod Pathol 2009; 22:282-90. [PMID: 18978732 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2008.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The Y-Box-binding protein-1, a member of the cold-shock domain DNA- and RNA-binding protein superfamily, is known to mediate chemoresistance. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of Y-Box-binding protein-1 in nasopharyngeal cancer in vitro and in tumor tissue samples as well as analyze the clinicopathological significance of Y-Box-binding protein-1 expression in nasopharyngeal cancer, in particular as a predictor of outcome after treatment. The Y-Box-binding protein-1 expression profile was evaluated at the mRNA and protein levels in poorly differentiated CNE-2 nasopharyngeal cancer cells by real-time RT-PCR, western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Y-Box-binding protein-1 expression in 143 nasopharyngeal cancer specimens was examined by immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathologic parameters. Y-Box-binding protein-1 mRNA and protein were found to be expressed in CNE-2 nasopharyngeal cancer cells in vitro. Of 143 patient tissue sections, 137 (96%) were stained positive for the Y-Box-binding protein-1 protein. Y-Box-binding protein-1 immunostaining was observed to be predominantly cytoplasmic. A higher recurrence of nasopharyngeal cancer was found in patients whose tissues had increased Y-Box-binding protein-1 expression (P<0.001). The Cox proportionate hazard regression model also established that high Y-Box-binding protein-1 immunoreactivity was significantly correlated with increased risk (2.13 times) of recurrence as compared to low Y-Box-binding protein-1 immunoreactivity (P=0.01). Within groups of patients treated by radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, recurrent cases had significantly higher Y-Box-binding protein-1 expression than nonrecurrent cases (P<0.001 and P=0.0035, respectively). These data suggest that Y-Box-binding protein-1 expression has clinicopathological significance with potential as a predictive marker of recurrence in nasopharyngeal cancer patients who undergo radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lin Tay
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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