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Wang BR, Han JB, Jiang Y, Xu S, Yang R, Kong YG, Tao ZZ, Hua QQ, Zou Y, Chen SM. CENPN suppresses autophagy and increases paclitaxel resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by inhibiting the CREB-VAMP8 signaling axis. Autophagy 2024; 20:329-348. [PMID: 37776538 PMCID: PMC10813569 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2258052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic resistance is one of the most common reasons for poor prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We found that CENPN can promote the growth, proliferation and apoptosis resistance of NPC cells, but its relationship with chemotherapeutic resistance in NPC is unclear. Here we verified that the CENPN expression level in NPC patients was positively correlated with the degree of paclitaxel (PTX) resistance and a poor prognosis through analysis of clinical cases. VAMP8 expression was significantly increased after knockdown of CENPN by transcriptome sequencing. We found in cell experiments that CENPN inhibited macroautophagy/autophagy and VAMP8 expression and significantly increased PTX resistance. Overexpression of CENPN reduced the inhibitory effects of PTX on survival, cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis resistance in NPC cells by inhibiting autophagy. In turn, knockdown of CENPN can affect the phenotype of NPC cells by increasing autophagy to achieve PTX sensitization. Sequential knockdown of CENPN and VAMP8 reversed the PTX-sensitizing effect of CENPN knockdown alone. Experiments in nude mice confirmed that knockdown of CENPN can increase VAMP8 expression, enhance autophagy and increase the sensitivity of NPC cells to PTX. Mechanistic studies showed that CENPN inhibited the translocation of p-CREB into the nucleus of NPC cells, resulting in the decreased binding of p-CREB to the VAMP8 promoter, thereby inhibiting the transcription of VAMP8. These results demonstrate that CENPN may be a marker for predicting chemotherapeutic efficacy and a potential target for inducing chemosensitization to agents such as PTX.Abbreviations: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; ATG5: autophagy related 5; CENPN: centromere protein N; CQ: chloroquine; CREB: cAMP responsive element binding protein; ChIP: chromatin immunoprecipitation assay; IC50: half-maximal inhibitory concentration; LAMP2A: lysosomal associated membrane protein 2A; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; NPC: nasopharyngeal carcinoma; NPG: nasopharyngitis; oeCENPN: overexpressed CENPN; PTX: paclitaxel; RAPA: rapamycin; RNA-seq: transcriptome sequencing; shCENPN: small hairpin RNA expression vector targeting the human CENPN gene; shCENPN-shVAMP8: sequential knockdown targeting the human CENPN gene and VAMP8 gene; shVAMP8: small hairpin RNA expression vector targeting the human VAMP8 gene; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TIR: tumor inhibitory rate; VAMP8: vesicle associated membrane protein 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Ru Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Bo Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
- Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Quan Hua
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
- Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - You Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
- Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
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Wu LZ, Zou Y, Wang BR, Ni HF, Kong YG, Hua QQ, Chen SM. Enhancing nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell radiosensitivity by suppressing AKT/mTOR via CENP-N knockdown. J Transl Med 2023; 21:792. [PMID: 37940975 PMCID: PMC10631041 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04654-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigating the impact of centromere protein N (CENP-N) on radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. METHODS Using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence to detect CENP-N expression in tissues from 35 patients with radiosensitive or radioresistant NPC. Assessing the effect of combined CENP-N knockdown and radiotherapy on various cellular processes by CCK-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, and Western blotting. Establishing a NPC xenograft model. When the tumor volume reached 100 mm3, a irradiation dose of 6 Gy was given, and the effects of the combined treatment were evaluated in vivo using immunofluorescence and Western blotting techniques. RESULTS The level of CENP-N was significantly reduced in radiosensitive tissues of NPC (p < 0.05). Knockdown of CENP-N enhanced NPC radiosensitivity, resulting in sensitizing enhancement ratios (SER) of 1.44 (5-8 F) and 1.16 (CNE-2Z). The combined treatment showed significantly higher levels of proliferation suppression, apoptosis, and G2/M phase arrest (p < 0.01) compared to either CENP-N knockdown alone or radiotherapy alone. The combined treatment group showed the highest increase in Bax and γH2AX protein levels, whereas the protein Cyclin D1 exhibited the greatest decrease (p < 0.01). However, the above changes were reversed after treatment with AKT activator SC79. In vivo, the mean volume and weight of tumors in the radiotherapy group were 182 ± 54 mm3 and 0.16 ± 0.03 g. The mean tumor volume and weight in the combined treatment group were 84 ± 42 mm3 and 0.04 ± 0.01 g. CONCLUSION Knockdown of CENP-N can enhance NPC radiosensitivity by inhibiting AKT/mTOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Zhi Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - You Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin-Ru Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Feng Ni
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Quan Hua
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Jiao WE, Xi Y, Li D, Xu S, Kong YG, Deng YQ, Yang R, Tao ZZ, Hua QQ, Chen SM. Association of Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake with Allergic Rhinitis in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study of NHANES 2005-2006. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2023; 185:124-132. [PMID: 37913762 DOI: 10.1159/000534168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of allergic rhinitis (AR) is increasing year by year, and the pathogenesis is complex, in which diet may play an important role. The role of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in AR is still controversial. Previous studies have looked at the effects of PUFA during pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence. In this study, we aimed to determine the association between dietary intake of PUFA and AR in adults. METHODS We used the NHANES database from 2005 to 2006 to include a total of 4,211 adult subjects. We collected dietary PUFA intake data and information on AR. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were constructed to examine the association between PUFA intake and AR in adults. The t test was used to compare daily PUFA intakes in patients with and without AR. RESULTS In the fully adjusted model (OR: 1.016; 95% CI: 1.003; 1.028), PUFA intake was positively correlated with allergic symptoms, hay fever, and AR in adults (p < 0.05). In addition, daily PUFA intake was significantly higher in people with allergic symptoms, hay fever, and AR than in people without the disease (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a positive association between dietary PUFA intake and AR in adults to a certain extent. Future studies on dietary PUFA dose will provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases such as AR related to non-pharmaceutical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wo-Er Jiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Xi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Qin Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing-Quan Hua
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Zhu WX, Xi Y, Li F, Jiao WE, Li ZJ, Chen SM, Kong YG, Xu Y, Deng YQ, Zuo JJ, Tao ZZ. Calpeptin may reverse glucocorticoid-resistance of allergic rhinitis associated with cigarette smoke exposure by down-regulating interferon regulatory factor 1. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17316. [PMID: 37449098 PMCID: PMC10336445 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke exposure is an important factor in chronic inflammation in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR); however, the relationship between cigarette smoke and AR-related glucocorticoid resistance requires further study. In mice, calpeptin significantly reduces inflammation of the lower respiratory tract caused by cigarette smoke, but whether it can treat glucocorticoid-resistant AR caused by cigarette smoke requires further research. In this study, we confirmed that cigarette smoke exposure can aggravate the Th2 inflammatory response in AR leading to glucocorticoid resistance. The underlying mechanism may be related to decreased expression of DNA methyltransferase 3a (Dnmt3a), and increased expression of interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1). In addition, we found that calpeptin can inhibit the expression of IRF1 and thus treat AR-associated glucocorticoid resistance in rats exposed to cigarette smoke. These data suggest that calpeptin may downregulate IRF1 and therefore treat glucocorticoid resistance in AR-associated with cigarette smoke exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xuan Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yang Xi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Fen Li
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Wo-Er Jiao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Zi-Jing Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yu-Qin Deng
- Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jing-Jing Zuo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
- Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
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Hua HL, Li S, Xu Y, Chen SM, Kong YG, Yang R, Deng YQ, Tao ZZ. Differentiation of eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis on preoperative computed tomography using deep learning. Clin Otolaryngol 2023; 48:330-338. [PMID: 36200353 DOI: 10.1111/coa.13988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to develop deep learning (DL) models for differentiating between eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) and non-ECRS (NECRS) on preoperative CT. DESIGN Axial spiral CT images were pre-processed and used to build the dataset. Two semantic segmentation models based on U-net and Deeplabv3 were trained to segment the sinus area on CT images. All patient images were segmented using the better-performing segmentation model and used for training and testing of the transferred efficientnet_b0, resnet50, inception_resnet_v2, and Xception neural networks. Additionally, we evaluated the performances of the models trained using each image and each patient as a unit. PARTICIPANTS A total of 878 chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients undergoing nasal endoscopic surgery at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University (Hubei, China) between October 2016 to June 2021 were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The precision of each model was assessed based on the receiver operating characteristic curve. Further, we analyzed the confusion matrix and accuracy of each model. RESULTS The Dice coefficients of U-net and Deeplabv3 were 0.953 and 0.961, respectively. The average area under the curve and mean accuracy values of the four networks were 0.848 and 0.762 for models trained using a single image as a unit, while the corresponding values for models trained using each patient as a unit were 0.893 and 0.853, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Combining semantic segmentation with classification networks could effectively distinguish between patients with ECRS and those with NECRS based on preoperative sinus CT images. Furthermore, labeling each patient to build a dataset for classification may be more reliable than labeling each medical image.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Hua
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qin Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Lu G, Deng YQ, Xi Y, Li S, Chen SM, Kong YG, Xu Y, Li F, Tao ZZ. Fasting Plasma Glucose and Glycohemoglobin with Allergic Symptoms and Specific Sensitization: Results from NHANES 2005-2006. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2023; 26:979-988. [PMID: 35713137 DOI: 10.2174/1386207325666220616124156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data has been used to study the relationship between fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycohemoglobin (A1c) in patients with allergic symptoms and specific sensitization, respectively. METHODS A total of 1,687 participants and a variety of logistic regression models were selected based on the 2005-2006 NHANES (n = 10,348) for our study to describe the relationship between FPG and A1c in subjects with the sensitivity of allergic symptoms, specific sensitization and specific sensitization of 19 allergens, respectively. On this basis, a variety of logistic regression models were further established for hierarchical analysis to study the limiting conditions when FPG and A1c were related to allergic symptoms. RESULTS We adjusted the confounding factors and found that the risk of specific sensitization increased with the increase in FPG and A1c. Stratified analysis showed that the risk of allergic symptoms increased with the increase in FPG and A1c when born elsewhere other than in the U.S. and Mexico or underweight or overweight or with hypertension. Furthermore, we found that the risk of egg sensitization increased with the increase in FPG and A1c, while the risk of rat sensitization decreased with the increase in FPG. CONCLUSION Under certain conditions, FPG and A1c were risk factors for allergic symptoms. FPG and A1c were risk factors for specific sensitization, especially egg sensitization. These findings indicate a possible link between diabetes and allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Qin Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yang Xi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Song Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China.,Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China.,Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Fen Li
- Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China.,Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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7
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Li SL, Kong YG, Zou Y, Yu X, Ouyang HQ, Chen SM, Deng YQ. Giant Cell Tumor and Giant Cell Reparative Granuloma of Bone of the Head: CT and MR Imaging Findings. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2023; 26:1180-1185. [PMID: 35984022 DOI: 10.2174/1386207325666220818124912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the features and differentiation of Giant Cell Reparative Granuloma (GCRG) and Giant Cell Tumor (GCT) of the head on CT and MRI. METHODS This retrospective study included six patients with histopathology-confirmed head GCRG and 5 patients with histopathology-confirmed head GCT. All images were independently reviewed by two radiologists. The growth pattern, bone changes, MRI signal intensity, enhancement patterns and other image features were recorded. All patients received CT scans and MR images. RESULTS All the lesions were located centrally in the bone. Osteolytic bone destruction and expansive growth patterns were observed on CT images. Four of six cases broke the cortical bone with residual cortical bone, and the last two showed a thin cortex in GCRG. Five cases broke the cortical bone with residual cortical bone in GCT. There were enhancing septations in GCT lesions on contrast- enhanced T1-Weighted Images (T1WI) while enhancing septations were not present in GCRG cases. The size of GCT lesions was larger than that of GRCG. GCRG and GCT showed iso-low signals on T1WI and iso-high signals on T2-Weighted Images (T2WI). There was a case with cystic or necrotic lesions in each of the two types of lesions. Osteolytic bone destruction and expansive growth patterns were observed in GCTs and GCRGs. CONCLUSION The size of the GRCG lesion was smaller than that of the GCT. The presence of enhancing septations and the size of the lesion may distinguish GCTs from GCRG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Lan Li
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - You Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Xi Yu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Huang-Qing Ouyang
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Qin Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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Jiao WE, Xu S, Qiao YL, Kong YG, Sun L, Deng YQ, Yang R, Tao ZZ, Hua QQ, Chen SM. Notch2-dependent GATA3+ Treg cells alleviate allergic rhinitis by suppressing the Th2 cell response. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 112:109261. [PMID: 36155282 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role and mechanism of Notch2-dependent GATA3+ Treg cells in allergic rhinitis (AR). Samples were collected from patients in the control and AR groups to detect differences in the numbers of GATA3+ Treg cells and their intracellular Notch2 levels. The effects of Notch2 on GATA3+ Treg cell differentiation and function in vitro were detected. AR mice were subjected to adoptive transfer of GATA3+ Treg cells to detect changes in the allergic inflammatory response and Th2 cells. Mice with Treg cell-specific knockout of Notch2 were constructed, and an AR model was established to detect the changes. The number of GATA3+ Treg cells and intracellular Notch2 expression in peripheral blood of the AR group were decreased compared with the controls (P < 0.05), and the number of GATA3+ Treg cells was significantly negatively correlated with the level of allergen-specific IgE (sIgE; P < 0.01). In vitro experiments showed that Notch2 promoted the differentiation and immunosuppressive function of GATA3+ Treg cells, and Notch2 directly promoted GATA3 transcription in Treg cells (P < 0.05). Animal experiments indicated that adoptive transfer of GATA3+ Treg cells reduced the allergic inflammatory response in AR mice (P < 0.05). The number of GATA3+ Treg cells was decreased in gene knockout mice (P < 0.05), and autoimmune inflammation was observed. After modeling, the allergic inflammatory response was further aggravated (P < 0.05). Overall, our findings indicate that Notch2 alleviates AR by specifically increasing GATA3+ Treg cell differentiation. Notch2 expressed in Treg cells is expected to be a new therapeutic target for AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wo-Er Jiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Yue-Long Qiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Liu Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, General Hospital of The Central Theater Command, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yu-Qin Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China; Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Qing-Quan Hua
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China; Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China.
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China; Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China.
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Qiao YL, Jiao WE, Xu S, Kong YG, Deng YQ, Yang R, Hua QQ, Chen SM. Allergen immunotherapy enhances the immunosuppressive effects of Treg cells to alleviate allergic rhinitis by decreasing PU-1+ Treg cell numbers. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 112:109187. [PMID: 36037652 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of Tregs and their subtypes in the treatment of allergic rhinitis with allergen immunotherapy (AIT) as well as the underlying mechanism. METHODS 1. Thirty-one healthy controls, 29 Allergic rhinitis (AR) patients and 16 AR patients treated with AIT were recruited. The total nasal symptom scores (TNSSs) were calculated. The serum levels of IgE, IL-2, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17 were measured. 2. Changes in the proportions of CD4+ T cells, Treg cells, Treg subtypes and Th1/Th2/Th9/Th17/Tfh cells in the peripheral blood of the subjects in the three groups were measured. 3. The correlations of Treg cells, Treg subtypes and TNSS with the levels of various cytokines in the AR group and AIT group were analysed. RESULTS 1. Compared with the control group, the TNSS and IgE, IL-5 and IL-6 levels in the AR group were significantly increased, while the IL-2, IFN-γ and IL-10 levels were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the AR group, the TNSS and IgE, IL-5 and IL-6 levels in the AIT group were significantly decreased, while the IL-2, IFN-γ and IL-10 levels were significantly increased (P < 0.05). 2. Compared with the control group, the proportions of Tregs, GATA3+ Tregs and Th1 cells in the AR group were significantly reduced, while the proportions of PU-1+ Tregs, T-bet+ Tregs and Th2 cells were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the AR group, the proportions of Tregs and Th1 cells in the AIT group were significantly increased, while the proportions of PU-1+ Tregs and Th2 cells were decreased (P < 0.05). 3. Correlation analysis showed that Treg cell proportions were negatively correlated with the TNSS, sIgE levels, IL-5 levels and IL-6 levels but positively correlated with the IL-2 and IL-10 levels (P < 0.05). PU-1+ Treg cell proportions were positively correlated with the TNSS, sIgE levels, IL-5 levels and IL-6 levels but negatively correlated with the Treg cell proportions, IL-2 levels and IL-10 levels (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS AIT can reduce the proportions of PU-1+ Treg subtypes in AR patients. PU-1+ Treg cell numbers can potentially be used as an indicator to monitor the therapeutic effect of AIT on AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Long Qiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Wo-Er Jiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Yu-Qin Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Qing-Quan Hua
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China.
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China.
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10
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He YQ, Qiao YL, Xu S, Jiao WE, Yang R, Kong YG, Tao ZZ, Chen SM. Allergen induces CD11c+ dendritic cell autophagy to aggravate allergic rhinitis through promoting immune imbalance. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 106:108611. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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11
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Li S, Hua HL, Li F, Kong YG, Zhu ZL, Li SL, Chen XX, Deng YQ, Tao ZZ. Anatomical Partition-Based Deep Learning: An Automatic Nasopharyngeal MRI Recognition Scheme. J Magn Reson Imaging 2022; 56:1220-1229. [PMID: 35157782 PMCID: PMC9541866 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Training deep learning (DL) models to automatically recognize diseases in nasopharyngeal MRI is a challenging task, and optimizing the performance of DL models is difficult. Purpose To develop a method of training anatomical partition‐based DL model which integrates knowledge of clinical anatomical regions in otorhinolaryngology to automatically recognize diseases in nasopharyngeal MRI. Study Type Single‐center retrospective study. Population A total of 2485 patients with nasopharyngeal diseases (age range 14–82 years, female, 779[31.3%]) and 600 people with normal nasopharynx (age range 18–78 years, female, 281[46.8%]) were included. Sequence 3.0 T; T2WI fast spin‐echo sequence. Assessment Full images (512 × 512) of 3085 patients constituted 100% of the dataset, 50% and 25% of which were randomly retained as two new datasets. Two new series of images (seg112 image [112 × 112] and seg224 image [224 × 224]) were automatically generated by a segmentation model. Four pretrained neural networks for nasopharyngeal diseases classification were trained under the nine datasets (full image, seg112 image, and seg224 image, each with 100% dataset, 50% dataset, and 25% dataset). Statistical Tests The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the performance of the models. Analysis of variance was used to compare the performance of the models built with different datasets. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results When the 100% dataset was used for training, the performances of the models trained with the seg112 images (average area under the curve [aAUC] 0.949 ± 0.052), seg224 images (aAUC 0.948 ± 0.053), and full images (aAUC 0.935 ± 0.053) were similar (P = 0.611). When the 25% dataset was used for training, the mean aAUC of the models that were trained with seg112 images (0.823 ± 0.116) and seg224 images (0.765 ± 0.155) was significantly higher than the models that were trained with full images (0.640 ± 0.154). Data Conclusion The proposed method can potentially improve the performance of the DL model for automatic recognition of diseases in nasopharyngeal MRI. Level of Evidence 4 Technical Efficacy Stage 1
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Li Hua
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng-Lan Li
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi-Xiang Chen
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Qin Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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12
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Qi CL, Huang ML, Zou Y, Yang R, Jiang Y, Sheng JF, Kong YG, Tao ZZ, Feng HY, Hua QQ, Bu LH, Chen SM. The IRF2/CENP-N/AKT signaling axis promotes proliferation, cell cycling and apoptosis resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by increasing aerobic glycolysis. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:390. [PMID: 34893086 PMCID: PMC8662847 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02191-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Centromere protein N (CENP-N) has been reported to be highly expressed in malignancies, but its role and mechanism in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are unknown. Methods Abnormal CENP-N expression from NPC microarrays of GEO database was analyzed. CENP-N expression level was confirmed in NPC tissues and cell lines. Stable CENP-N knockdown and overexpression NPC cell lines were established, and transcriptome sequencing after CENP-N knockdown was performed. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to test the impact of CENP-N knockdown in NPC cells. ChIP and dual luciferase reporter assays were used to verify the combination of IRF2 and CENP-N. Western blot analysis, cellular immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation and GST pulldown assays were used to verify the combination of CENP-N and AKT. Results CENP-N was confirmed to be aberrantly highly expressed in NPC tissues and cell lines and to be associated with high 18F-FDG uptake in cancer nests and poor patient prognosis. Transcriptome sequencing after CENP-N knockdown revealed that genes with altered expression were enriched in pathways related to glucose metabolism, cell cycle regulation. CENP-N knockdown inhibited glucose metabolism, cell proliferation, cell cycling and promoted apoptosis. IRF2 is a transcription factor for CENP-N and directly promotes CENP-N expression in NPC cells. CENP-N affects the glucose metabolism, proliferation, cell cycling and apoptosis of NPC cells in vitro and in vivo through the AKT pathway. CENP-N formed a complex with AKT in NPC cells. Both an AKT inhibitor (MK-2206) and a LDHA inhibitor (GSK2837808A) blocked the effect of CENP-N overexpression on NPC cells by promoting aerobic glycolysis, proliferation, cell cycling and apoptosis resistance. Conclusions The IRF2/CENP-N/AKT axis promotes malignant biological behaviors in NPC cells by increasing aerobic glycolysis, and the IRF2/CENP-N/AKT signaling axis is expected to be a new target for NPC therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02191-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Lin Qi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P.R. China
| | - Mao-Ling Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P.R. China
| | - You Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P.R. China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Fei Sheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P.R. China.,Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Feng
- PET-CT/MRI Center, Molecular Imaging Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Quan Hua
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P.R. China.,Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hong Bu
- PET-CT/MRI Center, Molecular Imaging Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P.R. China. .,Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P.R. China.
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Shen LJ, Qi CL, Yang R, Huang ML, Zou Y, Jiang Y, Sheng JF, Kong YG, Hua QQ, Chen SM. PLAC8 gene knockout increases the radio-sensitivity of xenograft tumors in nude mice with nasopharyngeal carcinoma by promoting apoptosis. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:5985-6000. [PMID: 34306339 PMCID: PMC8290649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In vitro cell experiments showed that knocking out the placenta-specific protein 8 (PLAC8) gene significantly increased the sensitivity of tumor cells to radiation. This study used two nude mouse models of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) to investigate the radio-sensitization and molecular mechanism of PLAC8 knockout in vivo. The expression of PLAC8 in 120 NPC tissues and 30 nasopharyngitis (NPG) tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) to analyze the relationship between PLAC8 and neck lymph node metastasis and prognosis in NPC patients. The mRNA expression level of PLAC8 in several NPC cell lines was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The PLAC8 gene was knocked out in CNE-2 cells using CRISPR/Cas9. The effect of PLAC8 gene knockout on the radiotherapy sensitivity of NPC cells was analyzed by establishing model 1 and model 2 tumor-bearing nude mouse models with two different irradiation methods. The expression of γH2AX, Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3 and cleaved Caspase-3 was detected by immunofluorescence (IF), IHC and western blot analysis. PLAC8 expression was significantly increased in NPC tissue samples and NPC cell lines compared with NPG tissue samples and normal cell lines (P<0.01). PLAC8 upregulation was associated with lymph node metastasis and a poor prognosis in patients with NPC (P<0.01). Both animal models showed that radiotherapy after PLAC8 knockout significantly slowed tumor growth and reduced tumor volume, with tumor inhibition rates of 100% and 66.04%, respectively. In model 2, PLAC8 knockout with radiotherapy increased the expressions of γH2AX, Bax, Caspase-3 and cleaved Caspase-3 but decreased the expression of Bcl-2 (P<0.01). In model 1, there was no tumor formation at the site where the cancer cells were injected. The expression levels of γH2AX, Bax, Caspase-3 and cleaved Caspase-3 in skin tissues taken at the injection site were lower than those in NPC tissues treated with radiotherapy, while the expression level of Bcl-2 was higher (P<0.01). PLAC8 expression is closely related to neck metastasis and the prognosis of NPC. PLAC8 gene knockout significantly increases the radio-sensitivity of NPC cells in vivo by promoting apoptosis, which is an effective strategy for the radiotherapy sensitization of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Lin Qi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Mao-Ling Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - You Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Fei Sheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Quan Hua
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, P. R. China
- Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, P. R. China
- Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, P. R. China
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Zou Y, Wang BR, Sun L, Xu S, Kong YG, Shen LJ, Liang GT, Chen SM. The Issue of Recurrently Positive Patients Who Recovered From COVID-19 According to the Current Discharge Criteria: Investigation of Patients from Multiple Medical Institutions in Wuhan, China. J Infect Dis 2020; 222:1784-1788. [PMID: 32491178 PMCID: PMC7313946 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The current discharge criteria for COVID-19 require that patients have two consecutive negative results for RT-PCR detection. Here, we observed that recurrently positive RT-PCR test results in patients with three consecutive negative results (3xNegRPos, 5.4%) were significantly decreased compared with those in patients with two consecutive negative results (2xNegRPos, 20.6%); such patients reported positive RT-PCR test results within 1 to 12 days after meeting the discharge criteria. These results confirmed that many recovered patients could show a positive RT-PCR test result, and most of these patients could be identified by an additional RT-PCR test prior to discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bin-Ru Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liu Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Theater General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li-Jun Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Geng-Tian Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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15
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Lv H, Liu PQ, Xiang R, Zhang W, Chen SM, Kong YG, Xu Y. Predictive and Diagnostic Value of Nasal Nitric Oxide in Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2020; 181:853-861. [PMID: 32690852 DOI: 10.1159/000509211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A hallmark of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (eCRSwNP) is mucosal eosinophil-predominant inflammation. Nasal nitric oxide (nNO) is a known biomarker of eosinophilic inflammation in the upper airway. However, the utility of nNO measurement in the upper airway remains controversial. The present study aimed to compare the use of other clinical parameters with nNO to prediagnose patients with eCRSwNP from Central China. METHODS From June 2019 to December 2019, 70 patients with CRSwNP undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery and 30 healthy subjects were enrolled. nNO measurements were performed in all of these subjects. Computed tomography scans, full blood count with differential analysis, and determination of total immunoglobulin E (total IgE) and plasma cytokines were performed before surgery. Receiver operating characteristic curves and logistic regression analysis were used to assess the predictive potential of the clinical parameters. RESULTS We recruited 24 patients with eCRSwNP and 46 with noneosinophilic CRSwNP (non-eCRSwNP). In patients with eCRSwNP, nNO levels were significantly higher than those in patients with non-eCRSwNP (p < 0.0001). Blood eosinophil percentages and counts, total IgE, and CT-derived ethmoid sinus and maxillary sinus ratio (E/M ratio) were all significantly higher compared with those in patients with non-eCRSwNP (p < 0.05). To diagnose eCRSwNP, the highest area under the curve (0.803) was determined for nNO. At a cutoff of >329 parts per billion (ppb), the sensitivity was 83.30% and the specificity was 71.70%. However, the levels of plasma cytokines Th1/Th2 were not significantly different between the histological types of CRSwNP (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Measurement of nNO is useful for the early diagnosis of eCRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lv
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei-Qiang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, .,Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,
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Huang ML, Qi CL, Zou Y, Yang R, Jiang Y, Sheng JF, Kong YG, Tao ZZ, Chen SM. Plac8-mediated autophagy regulates nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell function via AKT/mTOR pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:7778-7788. [PMID: 32468683 PMCID: PMC7348153 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the relationship between autophagy and cell function, we investigated how PLAC8‐mediated autophagy influences proliferation, apoptosis and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in NPC. Colony formation analyses and CCK8 assays were used to assess the proliferative capacity of NPC cells. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to identify autophagosomes. Autophagic flux was monitored using the tandem monomeric RFP‐GFP‐tagged LC3 (tfLC3) assay. The rate of apoptosis in NPC cells was analysed by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the activation of autophagy and the signalling status of the AKT/mTOR pathway. Our study reveals that knocking out PLAC8 (koPLAC8) induces autophagy and apoptosis, while suppressing NPC cell proliferation and EMT. However, inhibition of autophagy with 3‐methyladenine or by knocking down Beclin‐1 reverses the cell proliferation, apoptosis and EMT influenced by koPLAC8. We find that koPLAC8 inhibits the phosphorylation of AKT and its downstream target, mTOR. Moreover, immunofluorescence and co‐immunoprecipitation reveal complete PLAC8/AKT colocalization and PLAC8/AKT interaction, respectively. Furthermore, knockout of PLAC8 induced autophagy and inactivated AKT/mTOR signalling pathway of NPC xenografts. Overall, our findings demonstrate that koPLAC8 induces autophagy via the AKT/mTOR pathway, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and EMT, and promoting apoptosis in NPC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Ling Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng-Lin Qi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - You Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Fei Sheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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17
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Yang XL, Ren J, Xu Z, Lei WW, Yang K, Kong YG, Qu JN, Liao H, He Y, Chen HD, Zeng F, Wang Y, Hua QQ. [Prevention and control strategies and methods of novel coronavirus epidemic infection in department of otolaryngology head and neck surgery in hospital]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 55:316-321. [PMID: 32306626 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200205-00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X L Yang
- Deaprtment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - J Ren
- Department of Allergy, People's Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Z Xu
- Deaprtment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - W W Lei
- Deaprtment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - K Yang
- Deaprtment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Y G Kong
- Deaprtment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - J N Qu
- Deaprtment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - H Liao
- Deaprtment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Y He
- Deaprtment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - H D Chen
- Deaprtment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - F Zeng
- Deaprtment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Y Wang
- Deaprtment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Q Q Hua
- Deaprtment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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Liu MZ, Chen SM, Xu Y, Kong YG, Deng YQ, Li F, Tao ZZ. Increased Expressions and Roles of CC Chemokine Ligand 21 and CC Chemokine Ligand 25 in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2019; 181:159-169. [PMID: 31825941 DOI: 10.1159/000504476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a local inflammation of the nasal mucosa and sinus that persists for >12 weeks. As CC chemokine ligand (CCL) 19 expression is known to be elevated in CRS, and CCL 19, CCL21, and CCL25 share the same atypical chemokine receptor 4, so we focused on CCL21 and CCL25. OBJECTIVES To investigate the expression of CCL21 and CCL25 in different types of CRS and their significance in CRS development. METHODS A total of 116 patients participated in the study, and uncinate process mucosa or nasal polyp (NP) specimens were collected during surgery. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect the expression of CCL21 and CCL25, respectively, in the nasal mucosa. Immunofluorescence was used to determine their cellular localization in NPs, whereas macrophage culture was used to determine their relationships with macrophages. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry revealed that the expressions of CCL21 and CCL25 were increased in NPs only. Western blotting revealed that these expressions were gradually increased in control, CRS without NP and CRS with NP groups and were positively correlated with disease severity. Furthermore, increased expressions of CCL21 and CCL25 in NPs were not related to eosinophil infiltration. Immunofluorescence results demonstrated colocalization of CCL25+ cells and CD68+ macrophages. CCL25 expression was increased in macrophage culture, especially in M1 macrophages, while CCL21 expression was not significantly associated with macrophages. CONCLUSIONS CCL21 and CCL25 were significantly upregulated in NPs and positively correlated with disease severity. CCL25 upregulation was related to M1 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Zhi Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Qin Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, .,Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,
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Zou Y, Yang R, Huang ML, Kong YG, Sheng JF, Tao ZZ, Gao L, Chen SM. NOTCH2 negatively regulates metastasis and epithelial-Mesenchymal transition via TRAF6/AKT in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:456. [PMID: 31699119 PMCID: PMC6836530 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1463-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinically, distant metastasis after primary treatment remains a key problem in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Thus, identification of the underlying mechanisms and development of novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. NOTCH has been shown to function as a tumor promotor that enhances angiogenesis, cancer invasion and metastasis in NPC. However, the precise roles of the four individual NOTCH receptors and their mechanisms of action are unclear. METHODS We used Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemical analysis, phalloidin staining, mouse tumor metastatic dissemination models, gene set enrichment analysis, immunoprecipitation assays and a series of functional assays to determine the potential role of NOTCH2 in regulating NPC metastasis. RESULTS NOTCH2 expression in the NPC tissues of patients with cervical lymph node metastasis was lower than that of patients without cervical lymph node metastasis. Correspondingly, NOTCH2 expression was low in metastatic and poorly differentiated NPC cells. NOTCH2 expression correlated negatively with survival time in patients with NPC. Suppression of NOTCH2 expression promoted NPC cell metastasis, whereas NOTCH2 overexpression inhibited this process. Furthermore, NOTCH2 attenuated the TRAF6-AKT signaling axis via an interaction between the NOTCH2 intracellular domain (N2ICD) and TRAF6, which inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and eventually suppressed NPC metastasis. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal that loss of NOTCH2 activates the TRAF6/AKT axis and promotes metastasis in NPC, suggesting that NOTCH2 may represent a therapeutic target for the treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei People’s Republic of China
| | - Mao-Ling Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Fei Sheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei People’s Republic of China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jinan, China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei People’s Republic of China
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20
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Zuo JJ, Xi Y, Zhu MX, Qu JN, Wang Y, Tao SZ, Hu Y, Chen SM, Kong YG. [Advances of studies on the occurrence of the upper respiratory disease correlative with immunity and tobacco]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 33:1003-1008. [PMID: 31623056 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2019.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
SummaryTobacco smoke exposure has obvious and complex effects on the immune system of the human upper respiratory tract, including pro-inflammatory and anti-immune effects. Exposure to tobacco smoke is closely related to the occurrence and development of allergic rhinitis, the common rhinitis and sinusitis. The innate immune system is influenced by tobacco smoking through its effects on the respiratory mucosa and its adjuncts, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils and innate immune receptors. Cigarette smoke can also affect the humoral immunity and cellular immunity, altering the acquired immune condition of the upper respiratory tract. Tobacco smoke exposure promotes the occurrence and development of the upper respiratory tract infectious diseases and allergic diseases by changing the composition of microflora in the upper respiratory tract.
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Xu S, Kong YG, Jiao WE, Yang R, Qiao YL, Xu Y, Tao ZZ, Chen SM. Tangeretin promotes regulatory T cell differentiation by inhibiting Notch1/Jagged1 signaling in allergic rhinitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 72:402-412. [PMID: 31030096 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Tangeretin demonstrates broad anti-inflammatory effects. The present study aimed to assess whether tangeretin functions in regulating T-regulatory cells (Tregs) and alleviating allergic rhinitis (AR). METHODS An ovalbumin (OVA)-induced AR animal model was constructed to monitor the changes in the allergic symptom score, OVA-specific IgE titers, histopathological characteristics and T-helper cell (Th1, Th2, and Th17)-related cytokine levels under tangeretin or dexamethasone (DXM) administration. The expression levels of Notch1/Jagged1 and FOXP3, and the proportion of Tregs in the spleens of these animals, were also detected. Furthermore, purified naive CD4 + T cells were utilized to assess the effects of tangeretin on Notch1 expression and their differentiation in vitro. RESULTS Both tangeretin and DXM administration alleviated airway inflammation, decreased the production of serum OVA-induced IgE, but only tangeretin administration restored the balance of cytokine profiles compared with those in the AR group. The abundance of splenic CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 + Treg cells and the transcription factor FOXP3 were significantly increased under tangeretin treatment, either in AR mice or in naïve CD4 + T-cell differentiation, followed by a concomitant reduction in Notch1/Jagged1 expression. However, as a positive control, the treatment of allergic rhinitis with dexamethasone was not related to the expression of Notch1/Jagged1 or the differentiation of Treg cells. CONCLUSION Tangeretin could promote regulatory T cell responses by inhibiting Notch1/Jagged1 expression, followed by promoting FOXP3/Treg cell differentiation and thus could serve as a novel curative therapeutic for AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wo-Er Jiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yue-Long Qiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China.
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Zou Y, Yi X, Zhang JG, Liu XF, Yang K, Kong YG, Xiao BK, Tao ZZ, Chen SM. Effect of transformer noise on the neurophysiology of SD rats. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3383-3390. [PMID: 30988715 PMCID: PMC6447807 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Transformer noise is a type of environmental sound that causes discomfort to individuals. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of relatively long-term periods of transformer noise on the behavior and neurophysiology of SD rats. A total of 90 healthy SD rats with normal hearing were randomly divided into two experimental groups (65 and 60 dB group) and a control group. The experimental groups were exposed to recorded transformer noise for 8 weeks (sound level limits: 65 or 60 dB) and the control group was maintained under the same conditions without noise stimulation. Changes in physiological growth (weight tests), behavior (tail suspension and open field behavior tests) and neurophysiology (glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid, dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, the morphologies of hippocampi) following noise exposure were recorded and compared. The results revealed that rats exhibited normal physiological growth, with no significant difference between the experimental and control groups. Following noise exposure, no significant differences were observed in the results of behavioral experiments (tail suspension and open field behavior tests) between the experimental and control groups. In addition, there were no significant differences in glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid, dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine levels or in the morphologies of hippocampi between groups. In conclusion, exposure to transformer noise with a sound level limit of 65 dB sound pressure level (SPL) or 60 dB SPL (spectral range, 100–800 Hz) for 8 weeks (10 h/day) had no significant impact on the behavior and neurophysiology of SD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Xing Yi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Gong Zhang
- China Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Fa Liu
- China Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Kui Xiao
- Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Institute, Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China.,Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Institute, Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China.,Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Institute, Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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23
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Yang R, Zou Y, Qiao YL, Kong YG, Xu Y, Tao ZZ, Chen SM. [Characteristic analysis of aeroallergens of allergic rhinitis patients in Wuhan]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 33:267-271. [PMID: 30813700 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To analyze the distribution characteristics of common aeroallergens in patients with allergic rhinitis(AR)in Wuhan. Method:Serum specific IgE(ssIgE)was detected in 1 983 patients with clinically diagnosed AR by Midiwiss Allergen Screen system. Data was analyzed statistically. Result:Among the 1 983 patients,1 507(76.0%)had at least one positive ssIgE. The most common aeroallergens were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus(62.0%),mixed fungi(32.1%)and house dust(27.3%).Single positive allergen(43.8%),dual positive allergen(28.1%)and triple positive allergen(15.4%)were the most common combinations. The proportion of single positive allergens in the juvenile group(1 to 17 years old)(35.2%)was lower than adult group(≥18 years old)(46.7%),while the proportion of multiple positive allergens was higher than adult group. The positive rates of mulberry and mixed grass in male group were higher than female group. The positive rates of house dust,cat fur and dog fur in the juvenile group were higher than the adult group,while the positive rate of mulberry,cockroach and mixed grass were lower than the adult group. In the elder group(60-88 years old),the positive rates of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and mixed fungi were higher than the other three groups. The positive rates of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in summer and autumn were higher than that in winter and spring. The positive rate of mixed grass in autumn was much higher and the positive rate of mixed trees and mulberry trees in spring was higher than summer and autumn. Conclusion:Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus,mixed fungi and house dust were the most common aeroallergens among patients with allergic rhinitis in Wuhan. The distribution characteristics in different genders,ages and seasons were different..
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Affiliation(s)
- R Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan,430060,China
| | - Y Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan,430060,China
| | - Y L Qiao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan,430060,China
| | - Y G Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan,430060,China
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan,430060,China.,Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
| | - Z Z Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan,430060,China.,Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
| | - S M Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan,430060,China.,Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
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24
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Jiao WE, Wei JF, Xu S, Kong YG, Xu Y, Tao ZZ, Chen SM. [Expression and significance of Notch1-Jagged1 in allergic rhinitis]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 53:733-739. [PMID: 30347531 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the expression and significance of Notch1-Jagged1 in nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis (AR) mouse model in various stages and in the serum of AR patients. Methods: Thirty-six mice were divided into 3 groups: control group, basal sensitization group (OVA) and OVA/AR group, with 12 mice in each group. Allergic symptom in each group were scored after AR model establishment. HE staining method was used to observe the nasal mucosa eosinophils infiltration. ELISA was used to detect the serum level of total IgE. Flow cytometry was used to detect the change of Treg cells in each group. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Notch1 and Jagged1 in nasal mucosa. Flow cytometric bead array (CBA) was used to detect the level of Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines in splenic lymphocytes. The serum was obtained from 50 patients with AR and 30 control volunteers in Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from June to October 2017. ELISA was used to detect the expression of Notch1 and Jagged1. Results: Compared with the control group, the allergy symptom, the number of nasal mucosal eosinophils and the level of total IgE were not significantly different in basal sensitization group, but increased significantly in OVA/AR group (6.11±0.78 vs 0.67±0.50, 77.67±5.61 vs 10.33±0.82, (106.80±11.91) pg/ml vs (82.45±19.80) pg/ml, t value was 19.471, 34.848, 2.542, respectively, all P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the ratio of Treg cell increased in basal sensitization group but decreased in OVA/AR group ((10.29±0.47)% vs (9.28±0.16)%, (8.49±0.15)% vs (9.28±0.16)%, t value was 5.838, 4.540, respectively, all P<0.01). Compared with control group, the expression of Notch1 increased significantly both in basal sensitization group and OVA/AR group (1.04±0.05 vs 0.71±0.05, 1.83±0.10 vs 0.71±0.05, t value was 9.293, 31.363, respectively, all P<0.01); and the expression of Jagged1 only increased significantly in OVA/AR group (0.41±0.04 vs 0.21±0.01, t=13.472, P<0.01). It was found that Notch1 was positively correlated with the level of IL-6, IL-10 by Pearson test (r value was 0.98, 0.87, respectively, all P<0.01). Compared with control volunteers, the expression of Notch1 and Jagged1 increased significantly in AR group patients ((1 135.0±254.9) pg/ml vs (436.0±139.3) pg/ml, (1 200.2±401.0) pg/ml vs (559.9±124.2) pg/ml, t value was 13.99, 11.94, respectively, all P<0.01). Conclusions: The expression of Notch1 receptor and ligand increased significantly in the pathogenesis of AR. Notch1-Jagged1 may promote the occurrence and development of AR by up-regulating the expression of IL-6 and IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- W E Jiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - J F Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - S Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Y G Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Z Z Tao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - S M Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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Huang ML, Zou Y, Yang R, Jiang Y, Sheng JF, Han JB, Kong YG, Tao ZZ, Chen SM. Placenta specific 8 gene induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via the TGF-β/Smad pathway. Exp Cell Res 2018; 374:172-180. [PMID: 30496758 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of PLAC8 on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The expression of PLAC8 in NPC and nasopharyngitis (NPG) tissues from 150 patients was determined using immunohistochemistry. The levels of PLAC8 in five NPC cell lines and nasopharyngeal permanent epithelial cell line were measured using western blotting. We then knocked out or overexpressed PLAC8 in CNE2 cells. Cell proliferation, wound healing, migration, and invasion assays were used to analyze the effects of PLAC8 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion in vivo and vitro. The results showed that the expression of PLAC8 was much higher in NPC tissues than in NPG tissues. The expression of PLAC8 was higher in all the cell lines than in the nasopharyngeal permanent epithelial cells. PLAC8 knockout resulted in significant decreases in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion; associated with lower protein levels of N-cadherin; and increased levels of E-cadherin. Overexpression of PLAC8 had the opposite effect. Furthermore, knockout of PLAC8 inactivated TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway and suppressed the growth of NPC xenografts. PLAC8 may promote the carcinogenesis and EMT of NPC via the TGF-β/Smad pathway, which suggests that PLAC8 may be a potential biomarker for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Ling Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - You Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Jian-Fei Sheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Ji-Bo Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China; Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China.
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26
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Xiang R, Zhang QP, Zhang W, Kong YG, Tan L, Chen SM, Deng YQ, Tao ZZ, Xu Y. Different effects of allergic rhinitis on nasal mucosa remodeling in chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 276:115-130. [PMID: 30446828 PMCID: PMC6338715 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-018-5195-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) has been reported to be associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of AR on nasal mucosa remodeling in CRS. Methods Patients were enrolled and divided into the following groups: CRS with nasal polyps (NP) with allergic rhinitis (AR)(CRSwNPwAR; n = 20), CRS with NP without AR (CRSwNPsAR; n = 20), CRS without NP with AR (CRSsNPwAR; n = 20), CRS without NP without AR (CRSsNPsAR; n = 20), AR without CRS (AR; n = 20) and controls (n = 14). Eosinophil infiltration, mucus production, and collagen deposition were examined by hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid schiff and masson’s trichrome staining, respectively. VEGF-A and microvessel density were detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression of remodeling markers, including TGF-β1, MMP-7, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were measured by Western blot. Results The expression of remodeling factors, including VEGF-A, CD31, CD34 and TIMP-1 were significantly increased in CRSwAR compared to CRSsAR. Goblet cell hyperplasia, as well as VEGF-A, CD31, CD34, and MMP-9 expression were significantly higher in CRSwNPwAR compared to CRSwNPsAR. However, the expression of collagen fibers, MMP-7 and TGF-β1 were significantly higher in CRSsNPwAR compared to CRSsNPsAR. Conclusions AR could enhance the remodeling process in CRS. Moreover, AR had different effects on CRSwNP and CRSsNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Ping Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Suizhou Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 60 Longmen Rd, Suizhou, 441300, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Tan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qin Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Jiao WE, Wei JF, Kong YG, Xu Y, Tao ZZ, Chen SM. Notch Signaling Promotes Development of Allergic Rhinitis by Suppressing Foxp3 Expression and Treg Cell Differentiation. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2018; 178:33-44. [DOI: 10.1159/000493328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Zhang QP, Xiang R, Xu Y, Deng ZF, Kong YG, Chen SM, Tao ZZ. [Expression and significance of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor in nasal polyps]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 31:43-47. [PMID: 29774684 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To explore the expression of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor in nasal polyps of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and to investigateits relationship with the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. Method:Thirty-six specimens of nasal polyps were harvested patients were selected for the control group who had operation of nasal septal construction in the corresponding time period. The pIgR and IgA expression in nasal polyps and normal nasal inferior turbinate mucosa were detected by immunohistochemistry,and the real-time reverse transcription(RT-PCR) were used to detect the level of pIgR,IgA,RORc and Foxp3 mRNA expression in nasal polyps and normal nasal inferior turbinate mucosa. The association between pIgR mRNA and their association with the number of EOS,RORc mRNA,Foxp3 mRNA were analyzed,respectively. Result:The expression of pIgR in the nasal polyps was significantly lowerer than that in control group, and the result was statistically significant(P<0.05);Compared with nasal polyps with no eosinophils, the expression levels of pIgR in the nasal polyps with eosinophils was lower\, and the result was statistically significant(P<0.05).The expression of IgA in the nasal polyps was significantly higherthan that in control , and the result was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with control, the mRNA expression of pIgR and Foxp3 in the nasal polyps were significantly lower,while the expression levels of IgA mRNA and Foxp3 mRNA in the nasal polyps was significantly higher compared to controls, and the result was statistically significant(P<0.05).In nasal polyps ,pIgR mRNA expression was correlated with RORc mRNA (P<0.05,r=-0.79),and there was no correlation between pIgR mRNA and Foxp3 mRNA(P>0.05,r=0.36). Conclusion:It was proved that pIgR down-regulation play an important role in the development of nasal polyps..
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Affiliation(s)
- Q P Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
| | - R Xiang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
| | - Z F Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
| | - Y G Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
| | - S M Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
| | - Z Z Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
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Kong YG, Cui M, Chen SM, Xu Y, Xu Y, Tao ZZ. LncRNA-LINC00460 facilitates nasopharyngeal carcinoma tumorigenesis through sponging miR-149-5p to up-regulate IL6. Gene 2017; 639:77-84. [PMID: 28987345 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have played crucial roles in various cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In our study, we focused on the biological function and clinical significance of lncRNA LINC00460 in NPC. It was indicated that LINC00460 was markedly increased in NPC tissues and cells compared to their corresponding controls. Silencing LINC00460 was able to suppress NPC cell growth in vitro while overexpressing LINC00460 reversed this process. Moreover, in vivo tumor xenografts were established using CNE-1/SUNE-1 cells to detect the function of LINC00460 in NSCLC tumorigenesis. Rescue assay was performed to further confirm that LINC00460 contributed to the progression of NPC through regulating miR-149-5p/IL6 signal pathway. In conclusion, we have uncovered that LINC00460 could be regarded as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in NPC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Cui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Zou Y, Deng YQ, Xiao CW, Kong YG, Xu Y, Tao ZZ, Chen SM. Comparison of outcomes between endoscopic surgery and conventional nasal packing for epistaxis in the posterior fornix of the inferior nasal meatus. Pak J Med Sci 2016; 31:1361-5. [PMID: 26870097 PMCID: PMC4744282 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.316.8340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical features of epistaxis in the posterior fornix of the inferior nasal meatus and compare the treatment outcomes of endoscopic surgery and conventional nasal packing for this intractable form of epistaxis. METHODS Between August 2011 and August 2014, the medical records of 53 adult patients with idiopathic epistaxis in the posterior fornix of the inferior nasal meatus diagnosed by nasal endoscopy were obtained from our department. Of these, 38 patients underwent endoscopic surgery (surgery group) and 15 received a nasal pack (packing group). The patients' background characteristics, incidence of re-bleeding, extent of discomfort after treatment as assessed using a 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS) and incidence of nasal cavity adhesion after treatment were analysed. RESULTS There were no significant differences in background characteristics between the two groups. The incidence of re-bleeding (0/38 vs. 4/15, surgery vs. control, P = 0.001), VAS score for discomfort (2.4 ± 1.4 vs. 7.6 ± 1.0, surgery vs. control, P = 0.001) and incidence of nasal cavity adhesion after treatment (2/38 vs. 7/15, surgery vs. control, P = 0.007) were significantly lower in the surgery group than in the packing group. CONCLUSION Endoscopic surgery is superior to conventional nasal packing for the management of epistaxis in the posterior fornix of the inferior nasal meatus. During surgery, it is crucial to expose the bleeding sites by shifting the inferior turbinate inward by fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zou
- You Zou, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Qin Deng
- Yu-Qin Deng, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang-Wu Xiao
- Chang-Wu Xiao, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Yong-Gang Kong, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Yu Xu, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Ze-Zhang Tao, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Shi-Ming Chen, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Zou Y, Wang Y, Wang SB, Kong YG, Xu YU, Tao ZZ, Chen SM. Characteristic expression and significance of CCL19 in different tissue types in chronic rhinosinusitis. Exp Ther Med 2015; 11:140-146. [PMID: 26889230 PMCID: PMC4726905 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease, with varying immunological and histopathological features. The CC chemokine ligand 19 (CCL19) can stimulate T cells and antigen-presenting cells into secondary lymphoid node formation, as observed in allergic rhinitis, inflammatory bowel disease and other inflammatory disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression and significance of CCL19 in CRS. Samples of uncinate process mucosa or nasal polyps were taken from patients with CRS (without or with nasal polyps) and normal controls during surgery. Hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid Schiff and Masson trichrome staining were used for analysis of the nasal polyps. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to detect CCL19 expression in the nasal polyps and normal nasal mucosa tissues. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the association between CCL19 and blood eosinophil counts. The results showed that CCL19 protein levels in CRS (with or without nasal polyps) were significantly upregulated compared with those in controls. CCL19 expression in eosinophilic CRS was significantly higher than in non-eosinophilic CRS. CCL19 expression in fibroinflammatory and edematous type CRS with nasal polyps was higher than in controls; the upregulation was greater in the edematous type. Immunofluorescence assays showed that CCL19 was mainly expressed by CD68+ macrophages. Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between CCL19 and blood eosinophils. The upregulation of CCL19 in CRS may play a protective role by limiting eosinophil infiltration and the extent of edema to exert anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Shui-Bin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yichang Yiling Hospital, Yichang, Hubei 443100, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Y U Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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Kong YG, Deng YQ, Wang Y. Transnasal endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: an analysis of 22 cases. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013; 65:409-14. [PMID: 24427688 PMCID: PMC3738780 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-013-0628-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate and summarize the surgical procedure and efficacy of transnasal endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea. This is a retrospective study including 22 patients with CSF rhinorrhea who underwent transnasal endoscopic repair between January 2003 and August 2010. The location of the lesion was determined by both HRCT scan and intranasal endoscopy, and the lesion was repaired with a graft from autologous thigh muscle fascia. The grafts were placed and fixed above (inlay) or beneath (onlay) the lesions or defects. The causes of CSF rhinorrhea in our study included trauma, surgical injury, and meningoencephalocele, or idiopathic etiology. There were 15 of 17 patients with histories of trauma or surgical injury who were found to have defects in skull base by HRCT examination. The other 5 patients had an intact skull base, minor local osteoporosis, or bone resorption. All 22 patients had no reoccurrence of CSF rhinorrhea during the follow-up period, which ranges from 4 to 72 months. The transnasal endoscopic approach is a safe and effective procedure, with minimal invasion, for the repair of CSF rhinorrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 China
| | - Yu-Qin Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 China
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Zhou JX, Han JB, Chen SM, Xu Y, Kong YG, Xiao BK, Tao ZZ. γ-secretase inhibition combined with cisplatin enhances apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Exp Ther Med 2011; 3:357-361. [PMID: 22969896 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2011.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of cells. Although recent studies have shown that Notch plays a role in the mechanisms of cisplatin resistance, the mechanism by which Notch plays roles in intrinsic or acquired cisplatin resistance remains unclear. In the present study, poorly differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells were treated with a γ-secretase inhibitor (DAPT), which led to a decrease in the Notch intracellular domain and inhibition of Notch signaling. Treatment was not sufficient to induce pronounced apoptosis of CNE-2 cells, but did result in the down-regulation of the P-glycoprotein and ERCC1 protein. In contrast, the combined treatment of DAPT and cisplatin induced substantial cell apoptosis compared to cisplatin treatment alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xu Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, P.R. China
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Han JB, Tao ZZ, Chen SM, Kong YG, Xiao BK. Adenovirus-mediated transfer of tris-shRNAs induced apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Lett 2011; 309:162-9. [PMID: 21669490 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 05/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is an evolutionary conserved mechanism for specific gene silencing. There are currently numerous cancer therapy clinical trials based on RNAi technology. Using an adenoviral system as a delivery mediator of RNAi, we investigated the therapeutic effects of targeting three genes simultaneously in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we constructed an recombinant adenoviral shRNA expression system as Adv-pEGFP-shVEGF-shTERT-shBcl-xl for multi-genes silencing. Our results showed that the adenoviral vector can achieve above 90% of transfection efficiency and induced obvious apoptosis in CNE-2 cell both in vitro and in vivo compared with targeting the TERT alone or controlled group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Bo Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
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Chin JH, Park JY, Kim YK, Kim SH, Kong YG, Park PH, Hwang GS. Torsades de pointes triggered by severe diastolic hypotension with low hematocrit in the neohepatic stage of liver transplantation: a case report. Transplant Proc 2010; 42:1959-62. [PMID: 20620555 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.02.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2009] [Revised: 12/15/2009] [Accepted: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We have described herein a 39-year-old male patient with hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis (Child class C), showing a prolonged corrected QT interval, who developed torsades de pointes (TdP) in the neohepatic stage of liver transplantation (LT). There was no arrhythmia in the pre-anhepatic and anhepatic stages. Multiple premature ventricular complexes, ventricular tachycardia, and TdP suddenly developed at 16 minutes after graft reperfusion without any prodromal arrhythmia; they persisted for 118 seconds. Laboratory tests showed that serum potassium, calcium, and magnesium concentrations of 4.7 mmol/L, 1.05 mmol/L, and 1.85 mg/dL, respectively were within normal ranges. Likely causative factors for TdP in this patient included a prolonged corrected QT interval (553 msec), a low hematocrit (21%), and a low arterial blood pressure (systolic blood pressure, 80-90 mm Hg; diastolic blood pressure; 20-26 mm Hg) in the neohepatic stage. This case demonstrated the importance of optimal maintenance of coronary perfusion, with an adequate hematocrit level and electrolyte concentrations, to prevent the development of TdP in cirrhotic patients with a prolonged corrected QT interval during LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Chin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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