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Castillo JG, DeBarge R, Mende A, Tenvooren I, Marquez DM, Straub A, Busch DH, Spitzer MH, DuPage M. A mass cytometry approach to track the evolution of T cell responses during infection and immunotherapy by paired T cell receptor repertoire and T cell differentiation state analysis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.11.575237. [PMID: 38260336 PMCID: PMC10802618 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.11.575237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
T cell receptor (TCR) recognition followed by clonal expansion is a fundamental feature of adaptive immune responses. Here, we developed a mass cytometric (CyTOF) approach combining antibodies specific for different TCR Vα- and Vβ-chains with antibodies against T cell activation and differentiation proteins to identify antigen-specific expansions of T cell subsets and assess aspects of cellular function. This strategy allowed for the identification of expansions of specific Vβ and Vα chain expressing CD8+ and CD4+ T cells with varying differentiation states in response to Listeria monocytogenes, tumors, and respiratory influenza infection. Expanded Vβ chain expressing T cells could be directly linked to the recognition of specific antigens from Listeria, tumor cells, or influenza. In the setting of influenza infection, we showed that the common therapeutic approaches of intramuscular vaccination or convalescent serum transfer altered the clonal diversity and differentiation state of responding T cells. Thus, we present a new method to monitor broad changes in TCR specificity paired with T cell differentiation during adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Garcia Castillo
- Division of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Rachel DeBarge
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Abigail Mende
- Division of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Iliana Tenvooren
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Diana M Marquez
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Adrian Straub
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk H Busch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany; Partner site Munich, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich, Germany
| | - Matthew H Spitzer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Michel DuPage
- Division of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- These authors contributed equally
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2
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Wang J, Metheny L. Umbilical cord blood derived cellular therapy: advances in clinical development. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1167266. [PMID: 37274288 PMCID: PMC10232824 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1167266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While cord blood (CB) is primarily utilized in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), the development of novel cell therapy products from CB is a growing and developing field. Compared to adult blood, CB is characterized by a higher percentage of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitor cells, less mature immune cells that retain a high capacity of proliferation, and stronger immune tolerance that requires less stringent HLA-matching when used in the allogenic setting. Given that CB is an FDA regulated product and along with its unique cellular composition, CB lends itself as a readily available and safe starting material for the development of off-the-shelf cell therapies. Moreover, non-hematologic cells such as mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) residing in CB or CB tissue also have potential in regenerative medicine and inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. In this review, we will focus on recent clinical development on CB-derived cellular therapies in the field of oncology, including T-cell therapies such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells, regulatory T-cells, and virus-specific T-cells; NK-cell therapies, such as NK cell engagers and CAR NK-cells; CB-HCT and various modifications; as well as applications of MSCs in HCT.
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3
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Lo Presti V, Cornel AM, Plantinga M, Dünnebach E, Kuball J, Boelens JJ, Nierkens S, van Til NP. Efficient lentiviral transduction method to gene modify cord blood CD8 + T cells for cancer therapy applications. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2021; 21:357-368. [PMID: 33898633 PMCID: PMC8056177 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adoptive T cell therapy utilizing tumor-specific autologous T cells has shown promising results for cancer treatment. However, the limited numbers of autologous tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-specific T cells and the functional aberrancies, due to disease progression or treatment, remain factors that may significantly limit the success of the therapy. The use of allogeneic T cells, such as umbilical cord blood (CB) derived, overcomes these issues but requires gene modification to induce a robust and specific anti-tumor effect. CB T cells are readily available in CB banks and show low toxicity, high proliferation rates, and increased anti-leukemic effect upon transfer. However, the combination of anti-tumor gene modification and preservation of advantageous immunological traits of CB T cells represent major challenges for the harmonized production of T cell therapy products. In this manuscript, we optimized a protocol for expansion and lentiviral vector (LV) transduction of CB CD8+ T cells, achieving a transduction efficiency up to 83%. Timing of LV treatment, selection of culture media, and the use of different promoters were optimized in the transduction protocol. LentiBOOST was confirmed as a non-toxic transduction enhancer of CB CD8+ T cells, with minor effects on the proliferation capacity and cell viability of the T cells. Positively, the use of LentiBOOST does not affect the functionality of the cells, in the context of tumor cell recognition. Finally, CB CD8+ T cells were more amenable to LV transduction than peripheral blood (PB) CD8+ T cells and maintained a more naive phenotype. In conclusion, we show an efficient method to genetically modify CB CD8+ T cells using LV, which is especially useful for off-the-shelf adoptive cell therapy products for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Lo Presti
- Center for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Annelisa M Cornel
- Center for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maud Plantinga
- Center for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ester Dünnebach
- Center for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jurgen Kuball
- Center for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Hematology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap Jan Boelens
- Stem Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefan Nierkens
- Center for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Niek P van Til
- Center for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,AVROBIO, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA.,Child Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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4
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Kuranda K, Caillat-Zucman S, You S, Mallone R. In Vitro Expansion of Anti-viral T Cells from Cord Blood by Accelerated Co-cultured Dendritic Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2018; 13:112-120. [PMID: 30740473 PMCID: PMC6357851 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using unrelated cord blood (CB) donors is a suitable approach when an HLA-matched donor is not available. However, one important drawback is the risk of life-threatening viral infections prior to immune reconstitution, particularly from adenoviruses (AdVs). Although adoptive therapy with ex vivo expanded virus-reactive donor T cells has proven effective to treat these infections in HSCT recipients, the manufacturing process is complex and requires large numbers of cells, which is incompatible with CB donor units. Here, we have adapted our previous accelerated co-cultured dendritic cell (acDC) method, which allows to efficiently and rapidly expand peripheral blood T cells reactive to a given antigen, for use on limited CB material. Selected cytokine cocktails induced DC differentiation and maturation from unfractionated CB mononuclear cell cultures and simultaneously stimulated and expanded, within 10 days, functional CD8+ T cells specific for the model antigen MelanA or AdV immunodominant peptides. In addition, the use of G-Rex cultures yielded numbers of AdV-reactive CD8+ T cells compatible with adoptive cell therapy applications. Our acDC strategy, which uses reagents compatible with good manufacturing practices, may be promptly translated into the clinic for treating intercurrent infections in CB HSCT recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Kuranda
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris 75014, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris 75014, France.,Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75014, France
| | - Sophie Caillat-Zucman
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris 75010, France.,INSERM, UMR1149, Center for Research on Inflammation, Paris Diderot University, Paris 75018, France
| | - Sylvaine You
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris 75014, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris 75014, France.,Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75014, France
| | - Roberto Mallone
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris 75014, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris 75014, France.,Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75014, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Diabétologie, Cochin Hospital, Paris 75014, France
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5
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Lo Presti V, Nierkens S, Boelens JJ, van Til NP. Use of cord blood derived T-cells in cancer immunotherapy: milestones achieved and future perspectives. Expert Rev Hematol 2018; 11:209-218. [PMID: 29359983 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2018.1431119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hematopoietic cell transplantation is a potentially lifesaving procedure for patients with hematological malignancies who are refractory to conventional chemotherapy and/or irradiation treatment. Umbilical cord blood (CB) transplantation, as a hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) source, has several advantages over bone marrow transplantation with respect to matching and prompt availability for transplantation. Additionally, CB has some inherent features, such as rapid expansion of T cells, lower prevalence of graft-versus-host disease and higher graft versus tumor efficacy that make this HSPC cell source more favorable over other HSPC sources. Areas covered: This review summarizes the current CB and CB derived T cell applications aiming to better disease control for hematological malignancies and discusses future directions to more effective therapies. Expert commentary: CB transplantation could be used as a platform to extract cord blood derived T cells for ex vivo expansion and/or gene modification to improve cellular immunotherapies. In addition, combining cord blood gene-engineered T cell products with vaccination strategies, such as cord blood derived dendritic cell based vaccines, may provide synergistic immunotherapies with enhanced anti-tumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Lo Presti
- a Laboratory of Translational Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Nierkens
- a Laboratory of Translational Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , the Netherlands
| | - Jaap Jan Boelens
- a Laboratory of Translational Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , the Netherlands.,b Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , the Netherlands
| | - Niek P van Til
- a Laboratory of Translational Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , the Netherlands
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6
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Lymphocytes in Placental Tissues: Immune Regulation and Translational Possibilities for Immunotherapy. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:5738371. [PMID: 29348758 PMCID: PMC5733952 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5738371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune modulation at the fetomaternal interface is crucial to ensure that the fetal allograft is not rejected. In the present review, the focus is to describe basic functions of lymphocyte populations and how they may contribute to fetomaternal immune regulation, as well as determining what proportions and effector functions of these cells are reported to be present in placental tissues in humans. Also explored is the possibility that unique cell populations at the fetomaternal interface may be targets for adoptive cell therapy. Increasing the understanding of immune modulation during pregnancy can give valuable insight into other established fields such as allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and solid organ transplantation. In these settings, lymphocytes are key components that contribute to inflammation and rejection of either patient or donor tissues following transplantation. In contrast, an allogeneic fetus eludes rejection by the maternal immune system.
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7
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Kwoczek J, Riese SB, Tischer S, Bak S, Lahrberg J, Oelke M, Maul H, Blasczyk R, Sauer M, Eiz-Vesper B. Cord blood-derived T cells allow the generation of a more naïve tumor-reactive cytotoxic T-cell phenotype. Transfusion 2017; 58:88-99. [PMID: 29023759 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from peripheral blood (PB) or cord blood (CB) is well established. HSCs from CB are associated with a lower risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), but antigen-independent expanded CB- and PB-derived T cells can induce GVHD in allo-HSC recipients. CB-derived cells might be more suitable for adoptive immunotherapy as they have unique T-cell characteristics. Here, we describe functional differences between CB and PB T cells stimulated with different cytokine combinations involved in central T-cell activation. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Isolated CD8+ T cells from CB and PB were stimulated antigen independently with anti-CD3/CD28 stimulator beads or in an antigen-dependent manner with artificial antigen-presenting cells loaded with the HLA-A*02:01-restricted peptide of tumor-associated melanoma antigen recognized by T cells 1 (MART1). CB and PB T cells cultured in the presence of interleukin (IL)-7, IL-15, IL-12, and IL-21 were characterized for T-cell phenotype and specificity, that is, by CD107a, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-2 expression. RESULTS After antigen-independent stimulation, activated CD8+ CB T cells exhibited stronger proliferation and function than those from PB. After antigenic stimulation, MART1-reactive CB T cells were naïve (CD45RA+CCR7+), cytotoxic, and highly variable in expressing homing marker CD62L. Addition of IL-21 resulted in increased T-cell proliferation, whereas supplementation with IL-12 decreased IL-21-induced expansion, but increased the functionality and cytotoxicity of CB and PB T cells. CONCLUSION MART1-reactive CB T cells with a more naïve phenotype and improved properties for homing can be generated. The results contribute to better understanding the effects on GVHD and graft versus tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Kwoczek
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian B Riese
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sabine Tischer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Szilvia Bak
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Lahrberg
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Oelke
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,NexImmune, Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Holger Maul
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Marienkrankenhaus, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Blasczyk
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Sauer
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Britta Eiz-Vesper
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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8
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Mehta RS, Dave H, Bollard CM, Shpall EJ. Engineering cord blood to improve engraftment after cord blood transplant. Stem Cell Investig 2017; 4:41. [PMID: 28607915 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2017.05.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood transplant (CBT) has traditionally been associated with slower engraftment of neutrophils, delayed immune reconstitution and consequently higher risk of infections as compared with peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) or bone marrow (BM) transplants. This is primarily due to low numbers of total nucleated cells (TNCs) and the naive nature of CB immune cells. The use of double unit CB transplant (DCBT) increases the total cell dose in the graft, but it still does not produce as rapid engraftment as seen with PBPC or even BM transplants. Herein, we discuss strategies to improve engraftment after CBT. We describe methods of (I) expansion of CB graft ex vivo to increase the total cell dose; and (II) enhancement of BM homing capability of CB progenitor cells; (III) ex vivo expansion of CB derived T cells for improving T cell function against viruses, tumors and protection from graft versus host disease (GVHD). With these novel approaches, engraftment after CBT is now reaching levels comparable to that of other graft types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohtesh S Mehta
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hema Dave
- Program for Cell Enhancement and Technologies for Immunotherapy, Children's National Health System, Washington DC, USA
| | - Catherine M Bollard
- Program for Cell Enhancement and Technologies for Immunotherapy, Children's National Health System, Washington DC, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Shpall
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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9
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Berglund S, Magalhaes I, Gaballa A, Vanherberghen B, Uhlin M. Advances in umbilical cord blood cell therapy: the present and the future. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2017; 17:691-699. [PMID: 28379044 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2017.1316713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Umbilical cord blood (UCB), previously seen as medical waste, is increasingly recognized as a valuable source of cells for therapeutic use. The best-known application is in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), where UCB has become an increasingly important graft source in the 28 years since the first umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) was performed. Recently, UCB has been increasingly investigated as a putative source for adoptive cell therapy. Areas covered: This review covers the advances in umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) to overcome the limitation regarding cellular dose, immunological naivety and additional cell doses such as DLI. It also provides an overview regarding the progress in adoptive cellular therapy using UCB. Expert opinion: UCB has been established as an important source of stem cells for HSCT. Successful strategies to overcome the limitations of UCBT, such as the limited cell numbers and naivety of the cells, are being developed, including novel methods to perform in vitro expansion of progenitor cells, and to improve their homing to the bone marrow. Promising early clinical trials of adoptive therapies with UCB cells, including non-immunological cells, are currently performed for viral infections, malignant diseases and in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Berglund
- a Centre for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation , Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Isabelle Magalhaes
- b Department of oncology and Pathology , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Ahmed Gaballa
- c Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Bruno Vanherberghen
- d Department of Applied Physics , Royal Institute of Technology , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Michael Uhlin
- c Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden.,d Department of Applied Physics , Royal Institute of Technology , Stockholm , Sweden.,e Department of Immunology/Transfusion Medicine , Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden
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10
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Donor Cell Composition and Reactivity Predict Risk of Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:5601204. [PMID: 27965986 PMCID: PMC5124677 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5601204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a serious complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We designed a functional assay for assessment of individual risk for acute GVHD. Study Design and Methods. Blood samples were collected from patients and donors before HSCT. Two groups of seven patients each were selected, one in which individuals developed acute GVHD grades II-IV and one in which none showed any clinical signs of GVHD. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from donors were incubated in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLCs) with recipient PBMCs. The cells were characterized by flow cytometry before and after MLC. Results. Samples from donors in the GVHD group contained significantly lower frequencies of naïve γδ T-cells and T-cells expressing NK-cell markers CD56 and CD94. Donor samples in this group also exhibited lower frequencies of naïve CD95+ T-cells compared to controls. After MLC, there were dissimilarities in the CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio and frequency of CD69+ T-cells between the two patient groups, with the non-GVHD group showing higher frequencies of CD8+ and CD69+ T-cells. Conclusion. We conclude that a thorough flow cytometric analysis of donor cells for phenotype and allogeneic reactivity may be of value when assessing pretransplant risk for severe acute GVHD.
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11
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Thompson PA, Perera T, Marin D, Oran B, Popat U, Qazilbash M, Shah N, Parmar S, Rezvani K, Olson A, Kebriaei P, Anderlini P, Rondon G, Alousi A, Ciurea S, Champlin RE, Bajel A, Szer J, Shpall EJ, Ritchie D, Hosing CM. Double umbilical cord blood transplant is effective therapy for relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 57:1607-15. [PMID: 26472485 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1105370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A sub-group of patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) who relapse after autologous stem cell transplant can achieve long-term disease-free-survival after allogeneic stem cell transplant (alloSCT). There is limited information regarding the tolerability and efficacy of double umbilical cord blood transplant (dUCBT) for relapsed/refractory HL. We analyzed 27 consecutive, heavily pre-treated patients receiving dUCBT for relapsed/refractory HL at two centers from 2003-2014. The majority of patients relapsed <6 months after autologous stem cell transplant. A total of 15 patients received myeloablative (most commonly melphalan, fludarabine, thiotepa and anti-thymocyte globulin [ATG]) and 12 non-myeloablative conditioning regimens (fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, 200cGy total body irradiation +/- ATG). All patients engrafted; median time to neutrophil and platelet engraftment was 17 and 37 days, respectively. Overall response rate was 68%; 58% achieved complete remission. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 12.2 months; median overall survival was 27 months. Cumulative incidences of relapse and of non-relapse mortality at 5 years were 30% and 37.9%, respectively; 5-year PFS was 31.3% (95%CI 10.1-52.5). There was a trend toward inferior PFS in patients with lymph node size ≥2 cm at the time of alloSCT (p = 0.07) and toward inferior survival in patients with chemorefractory disease pre-alloSCT (p = 0.12). dUCBT is feasible in patients with heavily pre-treated HL and can achieve long-term disease-free survival in approximately 30% of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A Thompson
- a Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Travis Perera
- b Department of Clinical Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Service , Royal Melbourne Hospital , Parkville , Australia
| | - David Marin
- a Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Betul Oran
- a Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Uday Popat
- a Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Muzaffar Qazilbash
- a Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Nina Shah
- a Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Simrit Parmar
- a Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Katayoun Rezvani
- a Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Amanda Olson
- a Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Partow Kebriaei
- a Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Paolo Anderlini
- a Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Gabriela Rondon
- a Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Amin Alousi
- a Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Stefan Ciurea
- a Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Richard E Champlin
- a Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Ashish Bajel
- b Department of Clinical Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Service , Royal Melbourne Hospital , Parkville , Australia
| | - Jeffrey Szer
- b Department of Clinical Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Service , Royal Melbourne Hospital , Parkville , Australia ;,c The Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne , Parkville , Australia
| | - Elizabeth J Shpall
- a Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - David Ritchie
- b Department of Clinical Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Service , Royal Melbourne Hospital , Parkville , Australia ;,c The Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne , Parkville , Australia
| | - Chitra M Hosing
- a Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy , University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
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12
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Nikiforow S, Alyea EP. Maximizing GVL in allogeneic transplantation: role of donor lymphocyte infusions. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2014; 2014:570-575. [PMID: 25696913 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2014.1.570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs) can induce complete and durable remissions in some patients with hematologic malignancies who have relapsed after allogeneic transplantation, providing definitive evidence of a GVL effect. Despite the great promise initially envisioned for DLI as a method to augment GVL after transplantation, it utility is limited by low response rates in diseases other than chronic myelogenous leukemia and by the development of GVHD, the principal complication of DLI. To maximize GVL potency while minimizing toxicity, cellular effectors active in GVL need to be elucidated. Insight into mechanisms of GVL, such as reversal of in situ T-cell exhaustion, may allow identification of patients who will respond to DLI based on the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the BM. Understanding the clinical factors that influence the effectiveness and abrogate the toxicity of DLI, such as cell dose and timing of DLI after transplantation, will allow further optimization of DLI. This chapter reviews novel strategies that maximize the GVL effect of DLI by enhancing activity while limiting toxicity.
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Berglund S, Gertow J, Uhlin M, Mattsson J. Expanded umbilical cord blood T cells used as donor lymphocyte infusions after umbilical cord blood transplantation. Cytotherapy 2014; 16:1528-1536. [PMID: 25231890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is an alternative graft source for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and has been shown to give results comparable to transplantation with other stem cell sources. Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) is an effective treatment for relapsed malignancies after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, DLI is not available after UCB transplantation. METHODS In this study, in vitro-cultured T cells from the UCB graft were explored as an alternative to conventional DLI. The main aim was to study the safety of the cultured UCB T cells used as DLI because such cell preparations have not been used in this context previously. We also assessed potential benefits of the treatment. RESULTS The cultured UCB T cells (UCB DLI) were given to 4 patients with mixed chimerism (n = 2), minimal residual disease (n = 1) and graft failure (n = 1). No adverse reactions were seen at transfusion. Three of the patients did not show any signs of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after UCB DLI, but GVHD could not be excluded in the last patient. In the patient with minimal residual disease treated with UCB DLI, the malignant cell clone was detectable shortly before infusion but undetectable at treatment and for 3 months after infusion. In 1 patient with mixed chimerism, the percentage of recipient cells decreased in temporal association with UCB DLI treatment. CONCLUSIONS We saw no certain adverse effects of treatment with UCB DLI. Events that could indicate possible benefits were seen but with no certain causal association with the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Berglund
- Center for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Therapeutic Immunology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jens Gertow
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Therapeutic Immunology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Uhlin
- Center for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Therapeutic Immunology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Mattsson
- Center for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Therapeutic Immunology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Pegram HJ, Purdon TJ, van Leeuwen DG, Curran KJ, Giralt SA, Barker JN, Brentjens RJ. IL-12-secreting CD19-targeted cord blood-derived T cells for the immunotherapy of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 2014; 29:415-22. [PMID: 25005243 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Disease relapse or progression is a major cause of death following umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplantation (UCBT) in patients with high-risk, relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Adoptive transfer of donor-derived T cells modified to express a tumor-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) may eradicate persistent disease after transplantation. Such therapy has not been available to UCBT recipients, however, due to the low numbers of available UCB T cells and the limited capacity for ex vivo expansion of cytolytic cells. We have developed a novel strategy to expand UCB T cells to clinically relevant numbers in the context of exogenous cytokines. UCB-derived T cells cultured with interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-15 generated >150-fold expansion with a unique central memory/effector phenotype. Moreover, UCB T cells were modified to both express the CD19-specific CAR, 1928z, and secrete IL-12. 1928z/IL-12 UCB T cells retained a central memory-effector phenotype and had increased antitumor efficacy in vitro. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of 1928z/IL-12 UCB T cells resulted in significantly enhanced survival of CD19(+) tumor-bearing SCID-Beige mice. Clinical translation of CAR-modified UCB T cells could augment the graft-versus-leukemia effect after UCBT and thus further improve disease-free survival of transplant patients with B-cell ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Pegram
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - T J Purdon
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - D G van Leeuwen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - K J Curran
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - S A Giralt
- 1] Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA [2] Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA [3] Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - J N Barker
- 1] Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA [2] Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA [3] Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - R J Brentjens
- 1] Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA [2] Center for Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA [3] Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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15
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Danby R, Rocha V. Improving engraftment and immune reconstitution in umbilical cord blood transplantation. Front Immunol 2014; 5:68. [PMID: 24605111 PMCID: PMC3932655 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is an important source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) for allogeneic transplantation when HLA-matched sibling and unrelated donors (MUD) are unavailable. Although the overall survival results for UCB transplantation are comparable to the results with MUD, UCB transplants are associated with slow engraftment, delayed immune reconstitution, and increased opportunistic infections. While this may be a consequence of the lower cell dose in UCB grafts, it also reflects the relative immaturity of cord blood. Furthermore, limited cell numbers and the non-availability of donor lymphocyte infusions currently prevent the use of post-transplant cellular immunotherapy to boost donor-derived immunity to treat infections, mixed chimerism, and disease relapse. To further develop UCB transplantation, many strategies to enhance engraftment and immune reconstitution are currently under investigation. This review summarizes our current understanding of engraftment and immune recovery following UCB transplantation and why this differs from allogeneic transplants using other sources of HSC. It also provides a comprehensive overview of promising techniques being used to improve myeloid and lymphoid recovery, including expansion, homing, and delivery of UCB HSC; combined use of UCB with third-party donors; isolation and expansion of natural killer cells, pathogen-specific T cells, and regulatory T cells; methods to protect and/or improve thymopoiesis. As many of these strategies are now in clinical trials, it is anticipated that UCB transplantation will continue to advance, further expanding our understanding of UCB biology and HSC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Danby
- Department of Haematology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust , Oxford , UK ; NHS Blood and Transplant, John Radcliffe Hospital , Oxford , UK ; Eurocord, Hôpital Saint Louis APHP, University Paris VII IUH , Paris , France
| | - Vanderson Rocha
- Department of Haematology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust , Oxford , UK ; NHS Blood and Transplant, John Radcliffe Hospital , Oxford , UK ; Eurocord, Hôpital Saint Louis APHP, University Paris VII IUH , Paris , France
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16
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Wikell H, Ponandai-Srinivasan S, Mattsson J, Gertow J, Uhlin M. Cord blood graft composition impacts the clinical outcome of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2014; 16:203-12. [DOI: 10.1111/tid.12182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Wikell
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Science; Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
| | | | - J. Mattsson
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Center for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation; Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
| | - J. Gertow
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Center for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation; Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
| | - M. Uhlin
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Center for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation; Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
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Yu X, Gu Z, Wang Y, Wang H. New strategies in cord blood cells transplantation. Cell Biol Int 2013; 37:865-74. [PMID: 23589409 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
For patients lacking a human leucocyte antigen-matched donor, umbilical cord blood (UCB) is an ideal, alternative source of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for transplantation purposes. UCB has many advantages over bone marrow or peripheral blood taken from volunteer donors. UCB is also an important source of other stem cells, including endothelial progenitors, mesenchymal stem cells, very small embryonic/epiblast-like (VSEL) stem cells, and unrestricted somatic stem cells, which are potentially suitable for regenerative medicine. However, a significant clinical problem is that the number of HSCs in one cord-blood unit is not enough for an adult transplantation. The development of new approaches including use of multiple donors, ex vivo expansion, increasing efficiency of homing and engraftment, retrieving more cells from the placenta and cord blood is of crucial importance for the delayed engraftment after UCB transplantation. In the future, UCB will emerge as a source of cells for cellular therapies associated with tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Blood Transfusion Research Institute, Wuxi Red Cross Blood Center, 109 Xinmin Road, Wuxi, 214021, China
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18
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Factors with an impact on chimerism development and long-term survival after umbilical cord blood transplantation. Transplantation 2013; 94:1066-74. [PMID: 23076550 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e31826c39b2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) is increasingly used and produces similar results to matched unrelated donor transplantation. METHODS We performed a retrospective single-center analysis of 50 umbilical cord blood transplantations UCBTs performed from 2001 to 2010, including 37 single and 13 double umbilical cord blood transplantations UCBTs. RESULTS The rate of engraftment of neutrophils was 88% at a median time of 29 days (range, 3-79). Complete donor chimerism (DC) within the CD19, CD3, and CD33 cell lineages was seen in 74%, 72%, and 76% of the patients, respectively. DC was associated with acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) grades II to IV for the CD3 cell lineage (P=0.01) and, in multivariate analysis, with total body irradiation for all lineages (P<0.01). Overall survival (OS) at 1 and 5 years was 55% and 43%. Nonmalignant diseases were associated with better 5-year OS (72%) than malignancies (28%; P=0.026). In multivariate analysis, a negative correlation was seen between OS and age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.04; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.02-1.06; P<0.001), acute GVHD grades III and IV (HR, 3.43; 95% CI, 1.95-6.02; P<0.001), and mesenchymal stem cell treatment (HR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.11-6.35; P=0.027). Transplant-related mortality at 100 days and 1 year was 16% and 30%. The incidence of acute GVHD grades II to IV was 34%. Acute GVHD grades III and IV was associated with ABO incompatibility (HR, 2.61; P=0.05) and myeloablative conditioning (HR, 4.17; P=0.047). CONCLUSIONS The outcome in patients with nonmalignant diseases was acceptable, but transplant-related mortality in the whole group remains high. A significantly higher rate of DC was associated with total body irradiation-based conditioning and with acute GVHD grades II and IV.
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Effects of different serum-levels of ATG after unrelated donor umbilical cord blood transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2012; 27:59-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Lin SJ, Yan DC, Lee YC, Hsiao HS, Lee PT, Liang YW, Kuo ML. Umbilical cord blood immunology: relevance to stem cell transplantation. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2012; 42:45-57. [PMID: 22134956 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-011-8289-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Because of its easier accessibility and less severe graft-versus-host disease, umbilical cord blood (UCB) has been increasingly used as an alternative to bone marrow for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Naiveté of UCB lymphocytes, however, results in delayed immune reconstitution and infection-related mortality in transplant recipients. This review updates the phenotypic and functional deficiencies of various immune cell populations in UCB compared with their adult counterparts and discusses clinical implications and possible therapeutic strategies to improve the outcome of stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syh-Jae Lin
- Division of Asthma, Allergy, and Rheumatology Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is used for HSCT. It is known that UCB can comprise Ag-specific T cells. Here we question whether solely transmaternal cell flow may immunize UCB. Twenty-three female UCB samples were collected from healthy mothers and analyzed for minor histocompatibility Ag HY-specific responses. Forty-two of 104 tetramer(pos) T-cell clones, isolated from 16 of 17 UCB samples, showed male-specific lysis in vitro. Male microchimerism was present in 6 of 12 UCB samples analyzed. In conclusion, female UCB comprises HY-specific cytotoxic T cells. The immunization is presumably caused by transmaternal cell flow of male microchimerism present in the mother. The presence of immune cells in UCB that are not directed against maternal foreign Ags is remarkable and may explain the reported clinical observation of improved HSCT outcome with younger sibling donors.
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Expansion of T-cells from the cord blood graft as a predictive tool for complications and outcome of cord blood transplantation. Clin Immunol 2012; 143:134-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2012.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Hanley PJ, Cruz CR, Shpall EJ, Bollard CM. Improving clinical outcomes using adoptively transferred immune cells from umbilical cord blood. Cytotherapy 2011; 12:713-20. [PMID: 20818913 DOI: 10.3109/14653249.2010.517518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Because of the necessary immunodepletion prior to cord blood transplantation as well as the immaturity of cord blood immune cells, recipients experience a high incidence of viral infection in addition to complications observed after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, such as relapse and graft-versus-host disease. We describe current immunotherapeutic approaches to treating these complications, including the generation of antigen-specific T cells from cord blood, redirecting cord blood T cells using chimeric antigen receptors, and generating cord blood-derived natural killer cells and regulatory T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Hanley
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Abstract
Once considered biological waste, umbilical cord blood (UCB) has become an accepted source of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). With initial success in the pediatric setting, UCB transplantation continues to gain favor in the adult patient population. Novel approaches to UCB transplantation include use of two units and a variety of graft manipulations. Additional uses for UCB are currently being explored and include applications in regenerative medicine and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H McKenna
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Transfusion Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA.
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25
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Uhlin M, Mattsson J. In vitro or in vivo expansion before adoptive T-cell therapy? Immunotherapy 2011; 3:131-3. [PMID: 21322751 DOI: 10.2217/imt.10.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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