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The Interaction between Serotonin Transporter Allelic Variation and Maternal Care Modulates Instagram Sociability in a Sample of Singaporean Users. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095348. [PMID: 35564743 PMCID: PMC9105050 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Human social interactions ensure recognition and approval from others, both in offline and online environments. This study applies a model from behavioral genetics on Instagram sociability to explore the impact of individual development on behavior on social networks. We hypothesize that sociable attitudes on Instagram resulted from an interaction between serotonin transporter gene alleles and the individual’s social relationship with caregivers. We assess the environmental and genetic components of 57 Instagram users. The self-report questionnaire Parental Bonding Instrument is adopted to determine the quality of parental bonding. The number of posts, followed users (“followings”), and followers are collected from Instagram as measures of online social activity. Additionally, the ratio between the number of followers and followings (“Social Desirability Index”) was calculated to estimate the asymmetry of each user’s social network. Finally, buccal mucosa cell samples were acquired, and the polymorphism rs25531 (T/T homozygotes vs. C-carriers) within the serotonin transporter gene was examined. In the preliminary analysis, we identified a gender effect on the number of followings. In addition, we specifically found a gene–environment interaction on the standardized Instagram “Social Desirability Index” in line with our predictions. Users with the genotype more sensitive to environmental influences (T/T homozygotes) showed a higher Instagram “Social Desirability Index” than nonsensitive ones (C-carriers) when they experienced positive maternal care. This result may contribute to understanding online social behavior from a gene*environment perspective.
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Takegata M, Matsunaga A, Ohashi Y, Toizumi M, Yoshida LM, Kitamura T. Prenatal and Intrapartum Factors Associated With Infant Temperament: A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:609020. [PMID: 33897486 PMCID: PMC8060501 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.609020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Temperament involves individual variations in behavioural tendencies of emotional responses and reactions to stimuli after birth. Because 'foetal programming' is a strong hypothesis in developing temperament, prenatal and intrapartum factors may be significant determinants of infant temperament. This systematic literature review aims to elucidate the evidence of prenatal and intrapartum predictors, including genetic, biological, environmental, socio-demographic, psychological, and obstetric factors of parents and their child. Methods: Relevant articles were searched using MEDLINE, PubMed, and SCOPUS. The inclusion criteria were (a) original research article, (b) written in English, (c) assessed the temperament of infants 12 months old or younger as an outcome variable, and (d) investigated prenatal and intrapartum factorial variables of infant temperament. Following the PRISMA guideline, the articles found in the three databases were screened and selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria before the final review. Results: Finally, 35 articles were reviewed. This systematic review identified a variety of prenatal and intrapartum factors that were significantly associated with infant temperament: (1) genetic and biological factors: certain genotypes, maternal cortisol and ACTH, and CRHs, (2) environmental factors: substance use such as tobacco, alcohol, and illegal drugs, (3) socio-demographic factor: lower-income, (4) psychological factors: depression or anxiety, eating disorders, personality types of mothers, and domestic violence, and (5) obstetric factors: foetal growth (birth weight), hypertension in mothers, nausea (emesis), and preterm birth. Conclusion: The findings support gene-environment interaction and biological mechanisms for developing infant temperament, suggesting the importance of ensuring a safe and comfortable environment for pregnant mothers, unborn infants, and families during pregnancy and delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Takegata
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.,Kitamura Institute of Mental Health Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asami Matsunaga
- Kitamura Institute of Mental Health Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Kitamura KOKORO Clinic Mental Health, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Community Mental Health and Law, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Yukiko Ohashi
- Faculty of Nursing, Josai International University, Togane, Japan
| | - Michiko Toizumi
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Lay Myint Yoshida
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Toshinori Kitamura
- Kitamura Institute of Mental Health Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Kitamura KOKORO Clinic Mental Health, Tokyo, Japan.,T. and F. Kitamura Foundation for Studies and Skill Advancement in Mental Health, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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Corval R, Mesquita A, Soares I. Links Between Reactive Attachment Disorder, Caregiving and Temperament: A Differential Susceptibility Perspective. The Journal of Genetic Psychology 2020; 181:405-412. [PMID: 32364017 DOI: 10.1080/00221325.2020.1756206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The links between Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) and temperament received relatively little research attention, in spite of their clinical and social relevance. Children with RAD sustain disproportionate burdens of early adversity related to their caregiving environment. However, there seem to be important individual differences in susceptibility to adversity, since only a small number of children show signs of RAD. Based on the work of Zeanah and Fox, this review aims to bring new insights to this relevant clinical issue in light of recent research. A differential susceptibility hypothesis will be considered as a promising and innovative approach toward a further understanding of the links between temperament and RAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Corval
- School of Psychology, CIPsi, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Mesquita
- School of Psychology, CIPsi, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Isabel Soares
- School of Psychology, CIPsi, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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McEvoy K, Osborne LM, Nanavati J, Payne JL. Reproductive Affective Disorders: a Review of the Genetic Evidence for Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder and Postpartum Depression. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2017; 19:94. [PMID: 29082433 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-017-0852-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this study is to review and summarize the literature exploring the genetic basis for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and postpartum depression (PPD). RECENT FINDINGS There is more evidence for a genetic basis for PPD than for PMDD, but only when PPD is defined as beginning in the immediate postpartum time period. Familial, genome-wide linkage and association studies, and candidate gene studies, most in the past 10 years, have examined the genetic etiology of reproductive affective disorders, including PMDD and PPD. The most commonly studied genes include SERT, COMT, MAOA, BDNF, and ESR1 and 2. This qualitative review of the recent literature finds limited evidence so far for the genetic basis for PMDD, with both familial and candidate gene studies having negative or conflicting results. Evidence is stronger for the genetic basis for PPD, with positive associations found in family studies and in several genes associated with major depression as well as genes involved in estrogen signaling but only when PPD onset is shortly after delivery. Epigenetic biomarkers on genes responsive to estrogen have also been found to predict PPD. Our findings underscore the need for additional studies with larger samples, as well as the crucial importance of timing in the definition of PPD for genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine McEvoy
- Department of Psychiatry, Women's Mood Disorders Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 550 N. Broadway, Suite 305, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Lauren M Osborne
- Department of Psychiatry, Women's Mood Disorders Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 550 N. Broadway, Suite 305, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Julie Nanavati
- Department of Psychiatry, Women's Mood Disorders Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 550 N. Broadway, Suite 305, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Jennifer L Payne
- Department of Psychiatry, Women's Mood Disorders Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 550 N. Broadway, Suite 305, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the effects of disaster-related prenatal maternal stress on infant temperament and whether the sex of the infant or the timing of the stressor in pregnancy would moderate the effects. METHODS Mothers' objective experiences of a sudden-onset flood in Queensland, Australia, their subjective emotional reactions, and cognitive appraisal of the event were assessed. At 6 months postpartum, 121 mothers reported their infant's temperament on the 5 dimensions of the Short Temperament Scale for Infants. RESULTS When controlling for postnatal maternal factors, subjective prenatal maternal stress and cognitive appraisal of the disaster were associated with easier aspects of infant temperament. However, several interesting interactions emerged showing negative effects of the flood. With higher levels of objective hardship in pregnancy, boys (but not girls) received more irritable temperament ratings. When the flood occurred early in pregnancy, higher levels of objective hardship predicted more arrhythmic infant temperament. Finally, mothers whose emotional response to the flood exceeded the hardship they endured reported significantly more active-reactive infants. CONCLUSION Prenatal maternal stress from a natural disaster predicted more difficult temperament ratings that were moderated by infant sex, timing of the flood in gestation, and mother's emotional response to the disaster.
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Hartman S, Belsky J. An Evolutionary Perspective on Family Studies: Differential Susceptibility to Environmental Influences. FAMILY PROCESS 2016; 55:700-712. [PMID: 26133233 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
An evolutionary perspective of human development provides the basis for the differential-susceptibility hypothesis which stipulates that individuals should differ in their susceptibility to environmental influences, with some being more affected than others by both positive and negative developmental experiences and environmental exposures. This paper reviews evidence consistent with this claim while revealing that temperamental and genetic characteristics play a role in distinguishing more and less susceptible individuals. The differential-susceptibility framework under consideration is contrasted to the traditional diathesis-stress view that "vulnerability" traits predispose some to being disproportionately affected by (only) adverse experiences. We raise several issues stimulated by the literature that need to be clarified in further research. Lastly, we suggest that therapy may differ in its effects depending on an individual's susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hartman
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - Jay Belsky
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA
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COMT val158met polymorphism is associated with behavioral response and physiologic reactivity to socio-emotional stress in 4-month-old infants. Infant Behav Dev 2016; 45:71-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chong SC, Broekman BF, Qiu A, Aris IM, Chan YH, Rifkin-Graboi A, Law E, Chee CYI, Chong YS, Kwek KY, Saw SM, Gluckman PD, Meaney MJ, Chen H. ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION DURING PREGNANCY AND TEMPERAMENT IN EARLY INFANCY: FINDINGS FROM A MULTI-ETHNIC, ASIAN, PROSPECTIVE BIRTH COHORT STUDY. Infant Ment Health J 2016; 37:584-98. [DOI: 10.1002/imhj.21582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Chee Chong
- National University Health System
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | - Birit Fp Broekman
- National University Hospital
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, National University Health System
| | - Anqi Qiu
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, National University Health System
- National University of Singapore
| | - Izzuddin M. Aris
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, National University Health System
| | - Yiong Huak Chan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | - Anne Rifkin-Graboi
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, National University Health System
| | - Evelyn Law
- National University Health System
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | | | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, National University Health System
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | | | - Seang Mei Saw
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health; National University of Singapore, National University Health System
- Singapore Eye Research Institute; and Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School; Singapore
| | - Peter D. Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, National University Health System
- Liggins Institute; University of Auckland
| | - Michael J. Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, National University Health System
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health and Faculty of Medicine; McGill University
| | - Helen Chen
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School and KK Women's and Children's Hospital; Singapore
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Montirosso R, Provenzi L, Fumagalli M, Sirgiovanni I, Giorda R, Pozzoli U, Beri S, Menozzi G, Tronick E, Morandi F, Mosca F, Borgatti R. Serotonin Transporter Gene (SLC6A4
) Methylation Associates With Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Stay and 3-Month-Old Temperament in Preterm Infants. Child Dev 2016; 87:38-48. [DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ed Tronick
- University of Massachusetts and Division of Newborn Medicine
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The Influence of genetic factors on peripartum depression: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2015; 172:265-73. [PMID: 25451426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review aimed to explore the potential influence of genetic factors on the symptoms of peripartum depression and to critically analyze the methodologies employed by the examined studies. METHODS A systematic review of the literature indexed prior to July 2014 identified 200 articles. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 39 papers were included. RESULTS The papers predominantly featured a molecular genetic approach (n=35), and the majority examined polymorphisms (n=27). Most studies used samples of Caucasians living in high income countries. The results suggest that the influence of genetic factors become more consistent when methodological variations among the studies are considered. Environmental stressors are also important variables that influence the relationship between genetic factors and peripartum depressive states. In addition, differences in the influence of genetic factors were observed depending upon the precise time point during pregnancy or the postpartum period that was examined in the studies. The late stages of pregnancy and the early postpartum period were times of greater genetic vulnerability. LIMITATIONS This study was limited by the small number of papers reviewed and by the lack of information regarding whether the effects of genetics on peripartum depression are specific to certain ethnicities and/or stressors. CONCLUSIONS Genetic studies of perinatal depression reinforce a pathophysiological role of the hormonal changes inherent in the childbirth period. However, the distinction between depressive episodes that begin during pregnancy from those that begin during the postpartum period can still be useful to improve our understanding of the physiopathology of depressive disorders.
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11
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Maternal anxiety following delivery, early infant temperament and mother's confidence in caregiving. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 17:E95. [PMID: 26055183 DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2014.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A mother's emotional state is a well-known environmental factor that relates to the development of infant temperament. However, some relevant issues have not yet been fully explored. The current study examines the influence of determined maternal, contextual and perinatal variables on infant temperament and the mother's confidence in caregiving during the first weeks of life. A prospective study was carried out in three-hundred and seventeen newborns and their mothers. Perinatal and socio-demographic variables were recorded. The mother's anxiety and mood were measured in the first days after childbirth and again at 8 weeks. Infant temperament and the mother's confidence in caregiving were measured at 8 weeks. A mother's postpartum anxiety following delivery was the best predictor for most of the variables of infant temperament, including infant irritability (p = .001), and other child variables like infant sleep (p = .0003) and nursing difficulty (p = .001). Contextual-family variables, such as the number of people at home (p = .0024) and whether they were primiparous (p = .001), were the best predictors for a mother's confidence in caregiving. Support was found for an early effect of maternal anxiety on infant temperament. The results have clinical implications for postnatal psychological interventions.
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12
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Beyond risk, resilience, and dysregulation: Phenotypic plasticity and human development. Dev Psychopathol 2013; 25:1243-61. [DOI: 10.1017/s095457941300059x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AbstractWe provide a theoretical and empirical basis for the claim that individual differences exist in developmental plasticity and that phenotypic plasticity should be a subject of study in its own right. To advance this argument, we begin by highlighting challenges that evolutionary thinking poses for a science of development and psychopathology, including for the diathesis–stress framework that has (fruitfully) guided so much empirical inquiry on developmental risk, resilience, and dysregulation. With this foundation laid, we raise a series of issues that the differential-susceptibility hypothesis calls attention to, while highlighting findings that have emerged over just the past several years and are pertinent to some of the questions posed. Even though it is clear that this new perspective on Person × Environment interaction is stimulating research and influencing how hypotheses are framed and data interpreted, a great many topics remain that need empirical attention. Our intention is to encourage students of development and psychopathology to treat phenotypic plasticity as an individual-difference construct while exploring unknowns in the differential-susceptibility equation.
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13
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Montirosso R, Tronick E, Morandi F, Ciceri F, Borgatti R. Four-month-old infants' long-term memory for a stressful social event. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82277. [PMID: 24349244 PMCID: PMC3861393 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Infants clearly show an early capacity for memory for inanimate emotionally neutral events. However, their memory for social stress events has received far less attention. The aim of the study was to investigate infants' memory for a stressful social event (i.e., maternal unresponsiveness during the Still-Face paradigm) after a 15-day recall interval using changes in behavioral responses and salivary post-stress cortisol reactivity as measures of memory. Thirty-seven infants were exposed to social stress two times (experimental condition); the first time when they were 4 months of age and second exposure after a 2 week interval. Infants in the control condition (N = 37) were exposed to social stress just one time, at the age corresponding to the second exposure for infants in the experimental condition (4 months plus 2 weeks). Given individual differences in infants' reactivity to social stress events, we categorized infants as increasers or decreasers based on their cortisol reactivity after their initial exposure to the stress of the maternal still-face. Infants in the experimental condition, both increasers and decreasers, showed a significant change in cortisol response after the second exposure to the maternal still-face, though change was different for each reactivity group. In contrast, age-matched infants with no prior exposure to the maternal still-face showed similar post-stress cortisol reactivity to the reactivity of the experimental infants at their first exposure. There were no behavioral differences between increasers and decreasers during the Still-Face paradigm and exposures to the social stress. Thus differences between the experimental and control groups' post-stress cortisol reactivity was associated with the experimental group having previous experience with the social stress. These findings indicate long-term memory for social stress in infants as young as 4 months of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Montirosso
- Centre 0–3 for the Study of Social Emotional Development of the at Risk Infant, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini (Lecco), Italy
| | - Ed Tronick
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - Francesca Ciceri
- Biology Laboratory, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini (Lecco), Italy
| | - Renato Borgatti
- Centre 0–3 for the Study of Social Emotional Development of the at Risk Infant, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini (Lecco), Italy
- Neuropsychiatry and Neurorehabilitation Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini (Lecco), Italy
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Yildirim BO, Derksen JJ. Systematic review, structural analysis, and new theoretical perspectives on the role of serotonin and associated genes in the etiology of psychopathy and sociopathy. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2013; 37:1254-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Taylor ZE, Sulik MJ, Eisenberg N, Spinrad TL, Silva KM, Lemery-Chalfant K, Stover DA, Verrelli BC. Development of Ego-Resiliency: Relations to Observed Parenting and Polymorphisms in the Serotonin Transporter Gene During Early Childhood. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2013; 23:433-450. [PMID: 25346579 DOI: 10.1111/sode.12041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We used observed parenting behaviors, along with genetic variants and haplotypes of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4), as predictors of children's ego-resiliency during early childhood (N =153). Quality of mothers' parenting was observed at 18 months of age and mothers' reports of ego-resiliency were collected at six time points from 18 to 84 months. Genetic data were collected at 72 months. Observed parenting was positively associated with initial levels of children's ego-resiliency. Furthermore, although individual genetic variants of the serotonin transporter gene (LPR, STin2) were not associated with ego-resiliency, the S10 haplotype (that combines information from these two variants) was negatively associated with initial levels of ego-resiliency. Both parenting and serotonin genetic variation uniquely predicted children's ego-resiliency, suggesting an additive effect of genetic and parental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe E Taylor
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University
| | | | | | - Tracy L Spinrad
- School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University
| | | | | | - Daryn A Stover
- Center for Evolutionary Medicine and Informatics & School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University
| | - Brian C Verrelli
- Center for Evolutionary Medicine and Informatics & School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University
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Belsky J, Pluess M. Genetic moderation of early child-care effects on social functioning across childhood: a developmental analysis. Child Dev 2013; 84:1209-25. [PMID: 23432522 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Data from 508 Caucasian children in the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development shows that the DRD4 (but not 5-HTTLPR) polymorphism moderates the effect of child-care quality (but not quantity or type) on caregiver-reported externalizing problems at 54 months and in kindergarten and teacher-reported social skills at kindergarten and first grade-but not thereafter. Only children carrying the 7-repeat allele proved susceptible to quality-of-care effects. The behavior-problem interactions proved more consistent with diathesis-stress than differential-susceptibility thinking, whereas the reverse was true of the social-skills' results. Finally, the discerned Gene × Environment interactions did not account for previously reported parallel ones involving difficult temperament in infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Belsky
- Human and Community Development, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Shiner RL, Buss KA, McClowry SG, Putnam SP, Saudino KJ, Zentner M. What Is Temperament Now? Assessing Progress in Temperament Research on the Twenty-Fifth Anniversary of Goldsmith et al. (). CHILD DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-8606.2012.00254.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Social-emotional development through a behavior genetics lens: infancy through preschool. ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR 2012; 42:153-96. [PMID: 22675906 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394388-0.00005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The field of developmental behavior genetics has added significantly to the collective understanding of what factors influence human behavior and human development. Research in this area has helped to explain not only how genes and environment contribute to individual differences but also how the interplay between genes and environment influences behavior and human development. The current chapter provides a background of the theory and methodology behind behavior genetic research and the field of developmental behavior genetics. It also examines three specific developmental periods as they relate to behavior genetic research: infancy, toddlerhood, and early preschool. The behavior genetic literature is reviewed for key socioemotional developmental behaviors that fit under each of these time periods. Temperament, attachment, frustration, empathy, and aggression are behaviors that develop in early life that were examined here. Thus, the general purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of how genes and environment, as well as the interplay between them, relate to early socioemotional behaviors.
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Kampman O, Poutanen O. Can onset and recovery in depression be predicted by temperament? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2011; 135:20-7. [PMID: 21262538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2010.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioural inhibition and more specifically harm avoidance temperament dimension (HA) has been found to be associated with depression. Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) by Cloninger et al. is the most widely used instrument in the assessment of temperament. The aims of the present study were to explore 1) if current or future depressive symptoms in non-clinical adult sample can be explained by TCI temperament dimensions, and 2) if recovery from major depression (MDD) during the acute phase of treatment is predictable by TCI temperament dimensions. METHOD Literature search from eight databases. Systematic review and meta-analysis. RESULTS High HA was associated with current depressive symptoms in 11/12 studies and with depressive trait in 3/4 studies. In MDD studies, a consistent negative change in HA was found during treatment and this change was even more clearly associated with treatment response. LIMITATIONS The studies with general population samples were heterogeneous in methodology. Most of the intervention studies were of case-control design. CONCLUSIONS HA is indisputably associated with the risk and treatment response in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olli Kampman
- University of Tampere, Medical School, Tampere, Finland.
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