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Zhang Q, Zhang L, Lin G, Luo F. The protective role of vagus nerve stimulation in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30952. [PMID: 38770302 PMCID: PMC11103530 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) encompasses the damage resulting from the restoration of blood supply following tissue ischemia. This phenomenon commonly occurs in clinical scenarios such as hemorrhagic shock, severe trauma, organ transplantation, and thrombolytic therapy. Despite its prevalence, existing treatments exhibit limited efficacy against IRI. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a widely utilized technique for modulating the autonomic nervous system. Numerous studies have demonstrated that VNS significantly reduces IRI in various organs, including the heart, brain, and liver. This article reviews the pathological processes during IRI and summarizes the role and possible mechanisms of VNS in IRI of different organs. Furthermore, this review addresses the current challenges of VNS clinical applications, providing a novel perspective on IRI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Guoqiang Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Fanyan Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
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Wang Z, Zhang G, Hu S, Fu M, Zhang P, Zhang K, Hao L, Chen S. Research progress on the protective effect of hormones and hormone drugs in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116764. [PMID: 38805965 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a condition where the heart muscle does not receive enough blood flow, leading to cardiac dysfunction. Restoring blood flow to the coronary artery is an effective clinical therapy for myocardial ischemia. This strategy helps lower the size of the myocardial infarction and improves the prognosis of patients. Nevertheless, if the disrupted blood flow to the heart muscle is restored within a specific timeframe, it leads to more severe harm to the previously deprived heart tissue. This condition is referred to as myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI). Until now, there is a dearth of efficacious strategies to prevent and manage MIRI. Hormones are specialized substances that are produced directly into the circulation by endocrine organs or tissues in humans and animals, and they have particular effects on the body. Hormonal medications utilize human or animal hormones as their active components, encompassing sex hormones, adrenaline medications, thyroid hormone medications, and others. While several studies have examined the preventive properties of different endocrine hormones, such as estrogen and hormone analogs, on myocardial injury caused by ischemia-reperfusion, there are other hormone analogs whose mechanisms of action remain unexplained and whose safety cannot be assured. The current study is on hormones and hormone medications, elucidating the mechanism of hormone pharmaceuticals and emphasizing the cardioprotective effects of different endocrine hormones. It aims to provide guidance for the therapeutic use of drugs and offer direction for the examination of MIRI in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Gaojiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Shan Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Meilin Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Pingyuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Liying Hao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
| | - Sichong Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
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Holthoff JH, Harville Y, Herzog C, Juncos LA, Karakala N, Arthur JM. SOD1 is a novel prognostic biomarker of acute kidney injury following cardiothoracic surgery. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:299. [PMID: 37821813 PMCID: PMC10568797 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03350-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major burden among hospitalized and critical care patients. Among hospitalized patients that progress to severe AKI there is increased risk for morbidity, mortality, and the need for renal replacement therapy (RRT). As there are no specific treatments for AKI, the discovery of novel biomarkers that predict the progression of AKI may aid in timely implementation of supportive care to improve outcomes. METHODS We collected urine from 204 patients that developed Stage 1 AKI by AKIN criteria within 72 h following cardiothoracic surgery. Urine samples were collected at the time of the initial diagnosis of AKI and stored at -80° C. Among the 204 patients, 25 progressed to a composite primary outcome of Stage 3 AKI, requirement of RRT, or 30-day mortality. The remaining 179 patients did not progress beyond Stage 2 AKI and were considered controls. Urinary concentrations of SOD1 and SOD1 activity were measured following collection of all samples. Samples were thawed and urinary superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) concentrations were measured by sandwich ELISA and urinary SOD1 activity was measured through a commercially available colorimetric assay. RESULTS Urinary concentrations of SOD1 were significantly elevated (67.0 ± 10.1 VS 880.3 ± 228.8 ng/ml, p < 0.0001) in patients that progressed to severe AKI and were able to predict the progression to severe AKI (AUC - 0.85, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, total SOD activity also increased in the urine of patients that required RRT (77.6% VS 49.81% median inhibition, p < 0.01) and was able to predict the need for RRT (AUC: 0.83, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION These findings show that urinary SOD1 concentrations and SOD activity are novel prognostic biomarkers for severe AKI following cardiothoracic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph H Holthoff
- Department of Nephrology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. #501, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
- Division of Nephrology, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
| | - Yanping Harville
- Department of Nephrology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. #501, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Christian Herzog
- Department of Nephrology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. #501, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Luis A Juncos
- Department of Nephrology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. #501, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Nithin Karakala
- Department of Nephrology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. #501, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - John M Arthur
- Department of Nephrology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. #501, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
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Durkina AV, Szeiffova Bacova B, Bernikova OG, Gonotkov MA, Sedova KA, Cuprova J, Vaykshnorayte MA, Diez ER, Prado NJ, Azarov JE. Blockade of Melatonin Receptors Abolishes Its Antiarrhythmic Effect and Slows Ventricular Conduction in Rat Hearts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11931. [PMID: 37569306 PMCID: PMC10419066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin has been reported to cause myocardial electrophysiological changes and prevent ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation (VT/VF) in ischemia and reperfusion. We sought to identify electrophysiological targets responsible for the melatonin antiarrhythmic action and to explore whether melatonin receptor-dependent pathways or its antioxidative properties are essential for these effects. Ischemia was induced in anesthetized rats given a placebo, melatonin, and/or luzindole (MT1/MT2 melatonin receptor blocker), and epicardial mapping with reperfusion VT/VFs assessment was performed. The oxidative stress assessment and Western blotting analysis were performed in the explanted hearts. Transmembrane potentials and ionic currents were recorded in cardiomyocytes with melatonin and/or luzindole application. Melatonin reduced reperfusion VT/VF incidence associated with local activation time in logistic regression analysis. Melatonin prevented ischemia-related conduction slowing and did not change the total connexin43 (Cx43) level or oxidative stress markers, but it increased the content of a phosphorylated Cx43 variant (P-Cx43368). Luzindole abolished the melatonin antiarrhythmic effect, slowed conduction, decreased total Cx43, protein kinase Cε and P-Cx43368 levels, and the IK1 current, and caused resting membrane potential (RMP) depolarization. Neither melatonin nor luzindole modified INa current. Thus, the antiarrhythmic effect of melatonin was mediated by the receptor-dependent enhancement of impulse conduction, which was associated with Cx43 phosphorylation and maintaining the RMP level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra V. Durkina
- Department of Cardiac Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (A.V.D.); (O.G.B.); (M.A.G.); (M.A.V.); (J.E.A.)
| | - Barbara Szeiffova Bacova
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 81438 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Olesya G. Bernikova
- Department of Cardiac Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (A.V.D.); (O.G.B.); (M.A.G.); (M.A.V.); (J.E.A.)
| | - Mikhail A. Gonotkov
- Department of Cardiac Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (A.V.D.); (O.G.B.); (M.A.G.); (M.A.V.); (J.E.A.)
| | - Ksenia A. Sedova
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 27201 Kladno, Czech Republic;
| | - Julie Cuprova
- Department of Health Care Disciplines and Population Protection, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 27201 Kladno, Czech Republic;
| | - Marina A. Vaykshnorayte
- Department of Cardiac Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (A.V.D.); (O.G.B.); (M.A.G.); (M.A.V.); (J.E.A.)
| | - Emiliano R. Diez
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, Argentina; (E.R.D.); (N.J.P.)
| | - Natalia J. Prado
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, Argentina; (E.R.D.); (N.J.P.)
| | - Jan E. Azarov
- Department of Cardiac Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (A.V.D.); (O.G.B.); (M.A.G.); (M.A.V.); (J.E.A.)
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 27201 Kladno, Czech Republic;
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Yu Q, Guo Q, Jin S, Gao C, Zheng P, Li DP, Wu Y. Melatonin suppresses sympathetic vasomotor tone through enhancing GABAA receptor activity in the hypothalamus. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1166246. [PMID: 37064887 PMCID: PMC10090494 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1166246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Melatonin (5-methoxy-N-acetyl-tryptamine) is a circadian hormone synthesized and secreted by the pineal gland. In addition to regulating circadian rhythms of many physiological functions, melatonin is involved in regulating autonomic nervous function and blood pressure. Hypothalamus paraventricular nucleus (PVN), receiving melatonin projections from the superchiasmatic nucleus, is a critical brain region to regulate neuroendocrine and cardiovascular function. Here, we determined the synaptic mechanisms involved in the effect of melatonin on the sympathetic outflow and blood pressure.Methods and Results: Microinjection of melatonin into the PVN produced a depressor effect and decreased renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA). While microinjection of luzindole, a non-selective melatonin receptor antagonist, into the PVN did not change melatonin-induced sympathoinhibition, GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline eliminated melatonin-induced sympathoinhibition. Furthermore, melatonin decreased firing rate of retrogradely labeled PVN neurons which project to the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), an effect was not altered by luzindole but eliminated by bicuculline. Melatonin significantly increased the amplitude of spontaneous and evoked GABAergic inhibitory synaptic currents, as well as GABA-induced currents.Conclusion: These data suggest that melatonin in the PVN suppresses sympathetic vasomotor tone through enhancing GABAA receptor activity. This study provides novel information for understanding the cellular mechanisms involved in the effect of melatonin on regulating blood pressure and sympathetic output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyao Yu
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Office of Academic Research, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Experimental Center for Teaching, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Sheng Jin
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Peiru Zheng
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, KY, United States
| | - De-Pei Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, KY, United States
| | - Yuming Wu
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Yuming Wu,
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Jiao L, Wang Y, Zhang S, Wang Y, Liu Z, Liu Z, Zhou Y, Zhou H, Xu X, Li Z, Liu Z, Yu Z, Nie L, Zhou L, Jiang H. Melatonin improves cardiac remodeling and brain-heart sympathetic hyperactivation aggravated by light disruption after myocardial infarction. J Pineal Res 2022; 73:e12829. [PMID: 36031757 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Light in the external environment might affect cardiovascular function. The light disruption seems to be related to changes in cardiovascular physiological functions, and disturbing light may be a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Prior studies have found that light disruption after myocardial infarction (MI) exacerbates cardiac remodeling, and the brain-heart sympathetic nervous system may be one of the key mechanisms. However, how to improve light-disrupted cardiac remodeling remains unclear. Melatonin is an indoleamine secreted by the pineal gland and controlled by endogenous circadian oscillators within the suprachiasmatic nucleus, which is closely associated with light/dark cycle. This study aimed to explore whether melatonin could improve light-disrupted cardiac remodeling and modulate the brain-heart sympathetic nervous system. Our study revealed that light disruption reduced serum melatonin levels, aggravated cardiac sympathetic remodeling, caused overactivation of the brain-heart sympathetic nervous system, exacerbated cardiac dysfunction, and increased cardiac fibrosis after MI, while melatonin treatment improved light disruption-exacerbated cardiac remodeling and brain-heart sympathetic hyperactivation after MI. Furthermore, RNA-Seq results revealed the significant changes at the cardiac transcription level. In conclusion, melatonin may be a potential therapy for light-disrupted cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Jiao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yueyi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zihan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yuyang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Huixin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zeyan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zhongyang Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Liqing Nie
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Liping Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
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Chao YM, Tain YL, Lee WC, Wu KLH, Yu HR, Chan JYH. Protection by -Biotics against Hypertension Programmed by Maternal High Fructose Diet: Rectification of Dysregulated Expression of Short-Chain Fatty Acid Receptors in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus of Adult Offspring. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204306. [PMID: 36296991 PMCID: PMC9609147 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the brain on the developmental programming of hypertension is poorly understood. The present study explored dysregulated tissue levels of SCFAs and expression of SCFA-sensing receptors in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), a key forebrain region engaged in neural regulation of blood pressure of offspring to maternal high fructose diet (HFD) exposure. We further investigated the engagement of SCFA-sensing receptors in PVN in the beneficial effects of -biotics (prebiotic, probiotic, synbiotic, and postbiotic) on programmed hypertension. Maternal HFD during gestation and lactation significantly reduced circulating butyrate, along with decreased tissue level of butyrate and increased expression of SCFA-sensing receptors, GPR41 and olfr78, and tissue oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in PVN of HFD offspring that were rectified by oral supplement with -biotics. Gene silencing of GPR41 or olfr78 mRNA in PVN also protected adult HFD offspring from programmed hypertension and alleviated the induced oxidative stress and inflammation in PVN. In addition, oral supplement with postbiotic butyrate restored tissue butyrate levels, rectified expressions of GPR41 and olfr78 in PVN, and protected against programmed hypertension in adult HFD offspring. These data suggest that alterations in tissue butyrate level, expression of GPR41 and olfr78, and activation of SCFA-sensing receptor-dependent tissue oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in PVN could be novel mechanisms that underlie hypertension programmed by maternal HFD exposure in adult offspring. Furthermore, oral -biotics supplementation may exert beneficial effects on hypertension of developmental origin by targeting dysfunctional SCFA-sensing receptors in PVN to exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Mei Chao
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chia Lee
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Kay L. H. Wu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Julie Y. H. Chan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +886-7733-8415
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8
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Melatonin and the Brain–Heart Crosstalk in Neurocritically Ill Patients—From Molecular Action to Clinical Practice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137094. [PMID: 35806098 PMCID: PMC9267006 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain injury, especially traumatic brain injury (TBI), may induce severe dysfunction of extracerebral organs. Cardiac dysfunction associated with TBI is common and well known as the brain–heart crosstalk, which broadly refers to different cardiac disorders such as cardiac arrhythmias, ischemia, hemodynamic insufficiency, and sudden cardiac death, which corresponds to acute disorders of brain function. TBI-related cardiac dysfunction can both worsen the brain damage and increase the risk of death. TBI-related cardiac disorders have been mainly treated symptomatically. However, the analysis of pathomechanisms of TBI-related cardiac dysfunction has highlighted an important role of melatonin in the prevention and treatment of such disorders. Melatonin is a neurohormone released by the pineal gland. It plays a crucial role in the coordination of the circadian rhythm. Additionally, melatonin possesses strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiapoptotic properties and can modulate sympathetic and parasympathetic activities. Melatonin has a protective effect not only on the brain, by attenuating its injury, but on extracranial organs, including the heart. The aim of this study was to analyze the molecular activity of melatonin in terms of TBI-related cardiac disorders. Our article describes the benefits resulting from using melatonin as an adjuvant in protection and treatment of brain injury-induced cardiac dysfunction.
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9
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Tobeiha M, Jafari A, Fadaei S, Mirazimi SMA, Dashti F, Amiri A, Khan H, Asemi Z, Reiter RJ, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Evidence for the Benefits of Melatonin in Cardiovascular Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:888319. [PMID: 35795371 PMCID: PMC9251346 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.888319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pineal gland is a neuroendocrine gland which produces melatonin, a neuroendocrine hormone with critical physiological roles in the circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle. Melatonin has been shown to possess anti-oxidant activity and neuroprotective properties. Numerous studies have shown that melatonin has significant functions in cardiovascular disease, and may have anti-aging properties. The ability of melatonin to decrease primary hypertension needs to be more extensively evaluated. Melatonin has shown significant benefits in reducing cardiac pathology, and preventing the death of cardiac muscle in response to ischemia-reperfusion in rodent species. Moreover, melatonin may also prevent the hypertrophy of the heart muscle under some circumstances, which in turn would lessen the development of heart failure. Several currently used conventional drugs show cardiotoxicity as an adverse effect. Recent rodent studies have shown that melatonin acts as an anti-oxidant and is effective in suppressing heart damage mediated by pharmacologic drugs. Therefore, melatonin has been shown to have cardioprotective activity in multiple animal and human studies. Herein, we summarize the most established benefits of melatonin in the cardiovascular system with a focus on the molecular mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tobeiha
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Fadaei
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Ali Mirazimi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dashti
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Atefeh Amiri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health. Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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10
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Qi L, Hu H, Wang Y, Hu H, Wang K, Li P, Yin J, Shi Y, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Lyu H, Feng M, Xue M, Li X, Li Y, Yan S. New insights into the central sympathetic hyperactivity post-myocardial infarction: Roles of METTL3-mediated m 6 A methylation. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:1264-1280. [PMID: 35040253 PMCID: PMC8831944 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) triggers by sympathetic nerve hyperactivity contribute to sudden cardiac death in myocardial infarction (MI) patients. Microglia-mediated inflammation in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is involved in sympathetic hyperactivity after MI. N6-methyladenosine (m6 A), the most prevalent mRNA and epigenetic modification, is critical for mediating cell inflammation. We aimed to explore whether METTL3-mediated m6 A modification is involved in microglia-mediated sympathetic hyperactivity after MI in the PVN. MI model was established by left coronary artery ligation. METTL3-mediated m6 A modification was markedly increased in the PVN at 3 days after MI, and METTL3 was primarily located in microglia by immunofluorescence. RNA-seq, MeRIP-seq, MeRIP-qPCR, immunohistochemistry, ELISA, heart rate variability measurements, renal sympathetic nerve activity recording and programmed electrical stimulation confirmed that the elevated toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression by m6 A modification on TLR4 mRNA 3'-UTR region combined with activated NF-κB signalling led to the overwhelming production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α in the PVN, thus inducing the sympathetic hyperactivity and increasing the incidence of VAs post-MI. Targeting METTL3 attenuated the inflammatory response and sympathetic hyperactivity and reduced the incidence of VAs post-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China.,Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Jining No.1 People' Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China
| | - Hesheng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Pingjiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China.,Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China
| | - Yugen Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China
| | - Yuepeng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China.,Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Hangji Lyu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China.,Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China.,Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Mei Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China
| | - Xinran Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China
| | - Suhua Yan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China
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11
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Guo F, Wang X, Guo Y, Wan W, Cui Y, Wang J, Liu W. Shenfu Administration Improves Cardiac Fibrosis in Rats With Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Through Adenosine A 2a Receptor Activation. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221077684. [PMID: 35196174 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221077684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Shenfu injection (SFI) is commonly used for cardiac dysfunction in China. Adenosine receptors have been reported to exert anti-fibrosis effects. The intent of this study was to evaluate that SFI attenuates cardiac fibrosis through activating of adenosine A2a receptor (A2aR) in rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R). METHODS Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly divided into five groups, nine rats in each group. Injections in all rat groups were carried out prior to reperfusion, and in the sham and MI/R groups, only vehicle was injected. Injections in the remaining group were as follows: 5 mL/kg in the SFI group; 15 mg/kg nicorandil in the A2R agonist group; and 5 mL/kg SFI plus 5 mg/kg MSX-3 in the SFI + A2aR antagonist group. Changes in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and the development of myocardial infarction and cardiac fibrosis were documented among the groups. Additionally, the levels of A2aR, collagen Ⅰ, collagen Ⅲ, fibronectin, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were measured. RESULTS Following injection with SFI or nicorandil, the cAMP concentration, infarct area, and cardiac fibrosis induced by MI/R injury were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Additionally, the levels of collagen Ⅰ, collagen Ⅲ, fibronectin, and MMP-9 were clearly suppressed by SFI or nicorandil when compared with the MI/R group (p<0.01). However, the protective effects of SFI were counteracted by MSX-3. A negative correlation between A2aR and collagen I and collagen III was found (p = 0.00). CONCLUSION SFI activated the A2aR to reduce myocardial fibrosis caused by MI/R injury, which provided an underlying mechanism of action of SFI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangming Guo
- Department of Cardiology, 519688Yantaishan Hospital, Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Yantai City, China
| | - Xiaohuan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, 91589Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuanying Guo
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hongkang, China
| | - Weiping Wan
- Department of Ultrasound, 519688Yantaishan Hospital, Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Yantai City, China
| | - Yanfang Cui
- Department of Ultrasound, 519688Yantaishan Hospital, Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Yantai City, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, 519688Yantaishan Hospital, Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Yantai City, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, 519688Yantaishan Hospital, Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Yantai City, China
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12
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孔 令, 徐 臣, 孙 娜, 梁 飞, 魏 明, 苏 兴. [Melatonin alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice by inhibiting inflammatory response via activating Nrf2 signaling]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:1165-1170. [PMID: 34549706 PMCID: PMC8527228 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.08.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of melatonin against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in mice and the role of Nrf2 signaling in mediating this effect. METHODS C57/bl6 mice were randomized into sham-operated group(Sham), IR group(IR), IR with melatonin treatment(melatonin+IR)group, and IR with melatonin and Nrf2 inhibitor ML-385 (melatonin+ML-385+IR) group.In the latter 3 groups, mouse models of myocardial IR injury were established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery.The infarct size was measured with Evans blue/TTC staining, and serum LDH level was detected using ELISA.The ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) of the mice were measured using Vevo software.The expressions of Bcl2, Bax, Nrf2, Nrf2 substrates NQO-1 and HO-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the myocardial tissues were detected with Western blotting. RESULTS Compared with the sham-operated mice, the mouse models of myocardial IR injury showed significantly increased infarct size and serum LDH levels (P < 0.01) with obviously decreased EF and FS (P < 0.01).The mouse models also showed significantly increased expressions of Bax, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, decreased expression of Bcl2, Nrf2, NQO-1, and HO-1, and increased apoptotic index and TNF-α expression in the myocardial tissue(P < 0.01).Melatonin treatment significantly decreased the infarct size, serum LDH levels, the expressions of Bax, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6(P < 0.01), lowered the apoptotic index, and increased the expressions of Bcl2, Nrf2, NQO-1, and HO-1 in the mouse models(P < 0.01).The effects of melatonin were obviously blocked by ML-385 treatment in the mouse models. CONCLUSION Melatonin can alleviate myocardial IR injury in mice by inhibiting inflammatory response via activation of Nrf2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- 令恒 孔
- 西安医学院基础部基础医学研究所, 陕西 西安 710021Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi′an Medical University, Xi′an 710021, China
| | - 臣年 徐
- 北部战区总医院心血管外科, 辽宁 沈阳 110016Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - 娜 孙
- 西安医学院基础部基础医学研究所, 陕西 西安 710021Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi′an Medical University, Xi′an 710021, China
| | - 飞 梁
- 西安医学院药学院, 陕西 西安 710021School of Pharmacy, Xi′an Medical University, Xi′an 710021, China
| | - 明 魏
- 西安医学院基础部基础医学研究所, 陕西 西安 710021Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi′an Medical University, Xi′an 710021, China
| | - 兴利 苏
- 西安医学院基础部基础医学研究所, 陕西 西安 710021Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi′an Medical University, Xi′an 710021, China
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13
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Martín Giménez VM, Bergam I, Reiter RJ, Manucha W. Metal ion homeostasis with emphasis on zinc and copper: Potential crucial link to explain the non-classical antioxidative properties of vitamin D and melatonin. Life Sci 2021; 281:119770. [PMID: 34197883 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metal ion homeostasis is an essential physiological mechanism necessary for achieving an adequate balance of these ions' concentrations in the different cellular compartments. This fact is of great importance because both an excess and a deficiency of cellular metal ion levels are usually equally harmful due to the exacerbated increase in oxidative stress that may occur in both cases. Metal ion homeostasis ensures an equilibrium among multiple functions associated with the body's antioxidative defense network controlled by metallic micronutrients such as zinc and copper, some of the central regulators of redox processes. These micronutrients significantly modulate the activity of some isoforms of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and other enzymes such as metallothioneins (MTs) and ceruloplasmin (CP), which are directly or indirectly involved in the regulation of redox homeostasis. Although it is well known that both melatonin (MEL) and vitamin D have important roles as natural antioxidants, often some of these effects are related to their actions on antioxidative processes dependent on metal ions. Thus, in addition to their classical antioxidative properties usually associated with mitochondrial effects, it is known that MEL and vitamin D modulate the expression and activity of Cu/Zn-dependent SOD isoforms, MTs and CP; function as copper chelators and regulate genomic and non-genomic mechanisms related to the zinc transport. This review summarizes the main findings related to the crucial participation of zinc and copper in physiological antioxidative status and their relationship with the non-classical antioxidant effects of MEL and vitamin D, suggesting a potential synergism among these four micronutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virna M Martín Giménez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, Sede San Juan, Argentina
| | - Ivana Bergam
- CROATIA Osiguranje Pension Company for Voluntary Pension Fund Management D.O.O., Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Walter Manucha
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Experimental Básica y Traslacional, Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina; Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, Consejo Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IMBECU-CONICET), Argentina.
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14
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Bai Y, Yang Y, Gao Y, Lin D, Wang Z, Ma J. Melatonin postconditioning ameliorates anoxia/reoxygenation injury by regulating mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics in a SIRT3-dependent manner. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 904:174157. [PMID: 33971181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is accompanied by excessive mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) and an imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics. Melatonin has been reported to alleviate I/R injury by regulating mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics. However, the underlying mechanism associated with this activity is not fully understood. The goal of the present study was to investigate whether and how melatonin administration at the beginning of reoxygenation exerts protective effects by regulating mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics. H9c2 cells were transfected with sirtuin 3 (SIRT3)-targeting siRNA and then subjected to anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) injury, with melatonin (150 μM) administered at the onset of reoxygenation. Biomarkers related to cellular apoptosis, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics were assessed, and the expression and activity of SIRT3 was also measured. Mitochondrial fission and mitophagy were activated after A/R injury and were accompanied by cellular apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, melatonin postconditioning inhibited excessive mitochondrial fission and mitophagy, promoted mitochondrial fusion, restored mitochondrial function and reduced cellular apoptosis, and the mitophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) also attenuated A/R-induced apoptosis. Moreover, the A/R-induced decreases in SIRT3 and manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) activities were ameliorated by melatonin. However, SIRT3 silencing abolished the beneficial effects of melatonin, eliminated the inhibitory effects of melatonin on mitochondrial fission and mitophagy, and reversed the melatonin-induced increase in SOD2 activity. These results indicate that melatonin postconditioning protects H9c2 cells from A/R injury by inhibiting excessive mitophagy and maintaining the balance of mitochondrial fission and fusion in a SIRT3-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University-Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University-Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yafen Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Duomao Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University-Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoqi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University-Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University-Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Activation of Paraventricular Melatonin Receptor 2 Mediates Melatonin-Conferred Cardioprotection Against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 76:197-206. [PMID: 32433359 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that melatonin (Mel) can effectively ameliorate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury, but the mechanism is yet to be fully elucidated. Mel receptors are expressed in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), which is also involved in regulating cardiac sympathetic nerve activity. The aim of this study was to examine whether Mel receptors in the PVN are involved in the protective effects of Mel against MI/R injury. The results of quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunofluorescence assays indicated that Mel receptor 2 (MT2) expression in the PVN was upregulated after MI/R. Intraperitoneal administration of Mel significantly improved post-MI/R cardiac function and reduced the infarct size, whereas shRNA silencing of MT2 in the PVN partially blocked this effect. Intraperitoneal administration of Mel reduced sympathetic nerve overexcitation caused by MI/R, whereas shRNA silencing of MT2 in the PVN partially diminished this effect. Furthermore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot results indicated that intraperitoneal administration of Mel lowered the levels of inflammatory cytokines in the PVN after MI/R injury, whereas the application of sh-MT2 in the PVN reduced this effect of Mel. Mel significantly reduced the levels of NF-κB after astrocyte oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injury, and this effect was offset when MT2 was silenced. The above experimental results suggest that MT2 in the PVN partially mediated the protective effects of Mel against MI/R injury, and its underlying mechanisms may be related to postactivation amelioration of PVN inflammation and reduction of cardiac sympathetic nerve overexcitation.
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16
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Clinical Application of Melatonin in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases: Current Evidence and New Insights into the Cardioprotective and Cardiotherapeutic Properties. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2020; 36:131-155. [PMID: 32926271 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-020-07052-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading global cause of mortality and disability, tending to happen in younger individuals in developed countries. Despite improvements in medical treatments, the therapy and long-term prognosis of CVDs such as myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, atherosclerosis, heart failure, cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling, cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and other CVDs threatening human life are not satisfactory enough. Therefore, many researchers are attempting to identify novel potential therapeutic methods for the treatment of CVDs. Melatonin is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent with a wide range of therapeutic properties. Recently, several investigations have been carried out to evaluate its effectiveness and efficiency in CVDs therapy, focusing on mechanistic pathways. Herein, this review aims to summarize current findings of melatonin treatment for CVDs.
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17
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Light Emitting Diode Therapy Protects against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury through Mitigating Neuroinflammation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:9343160. [PMID: 32963707 PMCID: PMC7486644 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9343160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation plays a key role in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Previous studies showed that light-emitting diode (LED) therapy might improve M2 microglia activation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, we hypothesized that LED therapy might reduce myocardial I/R injury by neuroinflammation modulation. Objective To explore the effect of LED therapy on myocardial I/R-induced injury and seek the underlying mechanism. Methods Thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups: Control group (without LED treatment or myocardial I/R, n = 6), I/R group (with myocardial I/R only, n = 12), and LED+I/R group (with myocardial I/R and LED therapy, n = 12). Electrocardiogram was recorded continuously during the procedure. In addition, brain tissue was extracted for BDNF, Iba1, and CD206 analyses, and heart tissue for myocardial injury (ischemic size and infarct size), IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA analysis. Results In comparison with the I/R group, the ischemia size and the infarct size were significantly attenuated by LED therapy in the LED+I/R group. Meanwhile, the microglia activation induced by I/R injury was prominently attenuated by LED treatment either. And it is apparent that there was also an increase in the beneficial neuroinflammation markers (BDNF and CD206) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in the LED+I/R group. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-4 and IL-10, were greatly decreased by I/R while improved by LED treatment in myocardium. Conclusion LED therapy might reduce neuroinflammation in PVN and decrease myocardium injury by elevating BDNF and M2 microglia.
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Melatonin as a protective agent in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury: Vision/Illusion? Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 885:173506. [PMID: 32858050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin, an emphatic endogenous molecule exerts protective effects either via activation of G-protein coupled receptors (Melatonin receptors, MTR 1-3), tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR), toll like receptors (TLRS), nuclear receptors (NRS) or by directly scavenging the free radicals. MTRs are extensively expressed in the heart as well as in the coronary vasculature. Accumulating evidences have indicated the existence of a strong correlation between reduction in the circulating level of melatonin and precipitation of heart attack. Apparently, melatonin exhibits cardioprotective effects via modulating inextricably interlinked pathways including modulation of mitochondrial metabolism, mitochondrial permeability transition pore formation, nitric oxide release, autophagy, generation of inflammatory cytokines, regulation of calcium transporters, reactive oxygen species, glycosaminoglycans, collagen accumulation, and regulation of apoptosis. Convincingly, this review shall describe the various signaling pathways involved in salvaging the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Chitimus DM, Popescu MR, Voiculescu SE, Panaitescu AM, Pavel B, Zagrean L, Zagrean AM. Melatonin's Impact on Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Reprogramming in Homeostasis and Disease. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091211. [PMID: 32825327 PMCID: PMC7563541 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing consensus that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of melatonin are of great importance in preserving the body functions and homeostasis, with great impact in the peripartum period and adult life. Melatonin promotes adaptation through allostasis and stands out as an endogenous, dietary, and therapeutic molecule with important health benefits. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of melatonin are intertwined and are exerted throughout pregnancy and later during development and aging. Melatonin supplementation during pregnancy can reduce ischemia-induced oxidative damage in the fetal brain, increase offspring survival in inflammatory states, and reduce blood pressure in the adult offspring. In adulthood, disturbances in melatonin production negatively impact the progression of cardiovascular risk factors and promote cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The most studied cardiovascular effects of melatonin are linked to hypertension and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, while the most promising ones are linked to regaining control of metabolic syndrome components. In addition, there might be an emerging role for melatonin as an adjuvant in treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19). The present review summarizes and comments on important data regarding the roles exerted by melatonin in homeostasis and oxidative stress and inflammation related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Maria Chitimus
- Division of Physiology and Neuroscience, Department of Functional Sciences, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 010164 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.C.); (S.E.V.); (B.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Mihaela Roxana Popescu
- Department of Cardiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Elias University Hospital, 010164 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Suzana Elena Voiculescu
- Division of Physiology and Neuroscience, Department of Functional Sciences, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 010164 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.C.); (S.E.V.); (B.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Anca Maria Panaitescu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, 010164 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Bogdan Pavel
- Division of Physiology and Neuroscience, Department of Functional Sciences, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 010164 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.C.); (S.E.V.); (B.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Leon Zagrean
- Division of Physiology and Neuroscience, Department of Functional Sciences, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 010164 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.C.); (S.E.V.); (B.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ana-Maria Zagrean
- Division of Physiology and Neuroscience, Department of Functional Sciences, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 010164 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.C.); (S.E.V.); (B.P.); (L.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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Chen Z, Zhang R, Shi W, Li L, Liu H, Liu Z, Wu L. The Multifunctional Benefits of Naturally Occurring Delphinidin and Its Glycosides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:11288-11306. [PMID: 31557009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Delphinidin (Del) and its glycosides are water-soluble pigments, belonging to a subgroup of flavonoids. They are health-promoting candidates for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical uses, as indicated by exhibiting antioxidation, anti-inflammation, antimicroorganism, antidiabetes, antiobesity, cardiovascular protection, neuroprotection, and anticancer properties. Glycosylation modification of Del is associated with increased stability and reduced biological activity. Del and its glycosides can be the alternative inhibitors of CBRs, ERα/β, EGFR, BCRP, and SGLT-1, and virtual docking indicates that the sugar moiety may not effectively interact with the active sites of the targets. Structure-based characteristics confer the multifunctional properties of Del and its glycosides. Because of their health-promoting effects, Del and its glycosides are promising and have been developed as potential pharmaceuticals. However, more investigation on the underlying mechanisms of Del and its glycosides in mediating cellular processes with high specificity are still needed. The research progression of Del and its glycosides over the last 10 years is comprehensively reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixi Chen
- College of Pharmacy , Gannan Medical University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy , Gannan Medical University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
| | - Weimei Shi
- College of Pharmacy , Gannan Medical University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
| | - Linfu Li
- College of Pharmacy , Gannan Medical University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
| | - Hai Liu
- College of Pharmacy , Gannan Medical University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- School of Basic Medicine , Gannan Medical University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
| | - Longhuo Wu
- College of Pharmacy , Gannan Medical University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
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