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Modi N, Munshi A, Priya A, Chauhan S, Dey P. Cytological diagnosis of pineoblastoma in cerebrospinal fluid. Cytopathology 2024; 35:421-424. [PMID: 38308391 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.13364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
A rare case of pineoblastoma on cerebrospinal fluid cytology was reported in a 15-year-old girl. In the current paper, a rare case of pienoblastoma on CSF cytology has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Modi
- National Institute of Medical Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Avinash Munshi
- National Institute of Medical Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anu Priya
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Medical Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sima Chauhan
- National Institute of Medical Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pranab Dey
- National Institute of Medical Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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2
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Pérez-Martínez Z, Boga JA, Potes Y, Melón S, Coto-Montes A. Effect of Melatonin on Herpesvirus Type 1 Replication. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4037. [PMID: 38612846 PMCID: PMC11012353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute HSV-1 infection is associated with mild symptoms, such as fever and lesions of the mouth, face and skin. This phase is followed by a latency period before reactivation, which is associated with symptoms ranging from ulcers to encephalitis. Despite available anti-HSV-1 drugs, the development of new antiviral agents is sought due to the presence of resistant viruses. Melatonin, a molecule secreted by the pineal gland, has been shown to be an antioxidant, inducer of antioxidant enzymes, and regulator of various biological processes. Clinical trials have explored its therapeutic utility in conditions including infections. This study focuses on melatonin's role in HSV-1 replication and the underlying mechanisms. Melatonin was found to decrease the synthesis of HSV-1 proteins in infected Vero cells measured by immunofluorescence, indicating an inhibition of HSV-1 replication. Additionally, it regulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes and affects proteasome activity. Melatonin activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy and suppresses apoptosis in HSV-1-infected cells. In summary, melatonin demonstrates an inhibitory role in HSV-1 replication by modulating various cellular responses, suggesting its potential utility in the treatment of viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulema Pérez-Martínez
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (Z.P.-M.); (J.A.B.); (S.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
| | - Jose Antonio Boga
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (Z.P.-M.); (J.A.B.); (S.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Yaiza Potes
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Santiago Melón
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (Z.P.-M.); (J.A.B.); (S.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
| | - Ana Coto-Montes
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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Li A, Bai X, Chen M, Li Z, Sun T. Epidemiological Characteristics and Prognosis Model of Pineal Region Tumors: A Retrospective Analysis Based on the SEER Database. World Neurosurg 2024; 184:e219-e227. [PMID: 38266997 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.01.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A pineal region tumor is a rare intracranial tumor, and its specific location leads to its own characteristics. This study aimed to provide some insight for medical practice in the care of pineal region tumors. We investigated the key epidemiological characteristics and survival prognosis of pineal tumors based on the epidemiological data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. METHODS Data of pineal region tumor patients from 1975 to 2019 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The data were divided into 3 pathologic groups: germ cell tumors, pineal parenchymal tumors, and other. The patients' overall survival (OS) was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The prognostic effects of the patient characteristics on OS were explored using the Cox proportional hazard model. The analysis results are presented as tabular data, Kaplan-Meier plots, forest plots, and nomograms. A calibration curve was used to verify the nomograms. All analyses were performed for all patients overall and stratified by pathological group using SPSS and R language. RESULTS Based on the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 628 patients were included in this study, of whom 440 (70.1%) were male and 188 (29.9%) were female. Most patients were aged 0-19 years. The pathological type was germinoma for 225 patients (35.8%). Age, surgery, behavioral code, and pathology were significant factors for OS. A calibration curve was used to verify that the nomograms had a good prediction effect. CONCLUSIONS An intuitive nomogram was developed and verified and can predict the prognosis of patients with pineal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Disease, Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Emergency, The Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University (People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region), Yinchuan, China
| | - Mengfei Chen
- Department of Emergency, The Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University (People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region), Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhuoqi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Disease, Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Disease, Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Coulehan
- Center for Medical Humanities, Compassionate Care, and Bioethics at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
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Sérgio Galina Spilla C, Luiza Decanini Miranda de Souza A, Maria Guissoni Campos L, da Silveira Cruz-Machado S, Pinato L. LPS-induced inflammation in rats during pregnancy reduces maternal melatonin and impairs neurochemistry and behavior of adult male offspring. Brain Res 2024; 1824:148692. [PMID: 38036237 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation during pregnancy can induce neurodevelopmental changes that affect the neurological health of offspring. Elevated levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines have been shown to decrease nocturnal melatonin synthesis by the pineal gland, potentially impacting fetal development. This study aimed to assess the effects of LPS-induced inflammation on melatonin concentrations in the plasma of pregnant female rats and explore resulting neurochemical and behavioral changes in their offspring. Our findings revealed that pregnant rats injected with LPS experienced decreased nocturnal melatonin levels in their plasma, with an increase in diurnal melatonin content. The offspring exhibited reduced performance in tests evaluating motor coordination and spatial memory compared to control subjects. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated a decline in calbindin immunoreactivity in Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. Additionally, the hippocampus displayed an increase in IBA-1 and calretinin expression, coupled with a reduction in parvalbumin expression in the offspring of the LPS group. Collectively, this study provides compelling evidence that an inflammatory state can lead to a reduction in melatonin synthesis in pregnant females, potentially impacting the neurodevelopment of offspring, including neuronal, glial, motor, and cognitive aspects. Subsequent studies will further elucidate the mechanisms underlying inflammation-induced maternal melatonin reduction and its impact on offspring neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Luciana Pinato
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Marília, São Paulo 17525-900, Brazil.
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Pitskhelauri DI, Grachev NS, Kudieva ES, Sanikidze AZ. [Microsurgical ventriculostomy of the third ventricle with access through a burrhole in the treatment of midly located deep-seated brain tumors]. Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko 2024; 88:5-13. [PMID: 38549405 DOI: 10.17116/neiro2024880215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, endoscopic third ventriculostomy and simultaneous biopsy of deep midline brain tumors are a generally accepted option in neurooncology. Nevertheless, effectiveness of this surgery and diagnostic accuracy of biopsy are not without drawbacks. An alternative to endoscopic surgery may be simultaneous microsurgical third ventriculostomy and biopsy of deep midline tumors. OBJECTIVE To evaluate effectiveness and safety of burr hole microsurgical third ventriculostomy in the treatment of deep midline brain tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used transcortical (25 cases) and transcallosal (8 cases) approaches for microsurgical third ventriculostomy. RESULTS Initially scheduled biopsy was performed in 19 cases, partial resection in 6 cases, subtotal resection in 4 cases and total resection in 4 cases. All patients underwent microsurgical third ventriculostomy. In 12 cases, stenting of stoma was performed in addition to ventriculostomy. Biopsy was informative in all cases. Postoperative follow-up period ranged from 3 to 44 months (mean 29 months). There was no postoperative hydrocephalus and need for shunting procedure. CONCLUSION Burr hole microsurgery may be an alternative to endoscopic surgery for the treatment of pineal, periaqueductal and third ventricular tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N S Grachev
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - E S Kudieva
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, Moscow, Russia
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Yasuda T, Matsuoka T, Takagi T, Oya N, Akazawa K, Inoue R, Mizushima K, Ouchi N, Adachi A, Kamitani T, Itoh Y, Naito Y, Yamada K, Matoba S, Narumoto J. The gut microbiota associated with pineal gland calcification. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24:178-180. [PMID: 37994221 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yasuda
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Teruyuki Matsuoka
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organisation Maizuru Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Takagi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department for Medical Innovation and Translational Medical Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nozomu Oya
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kentaro Akazawa
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsura Mizushima
- Department of Human Immunology and Nutrition Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norihiro Ouchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyotango Municipal Yasaka Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsuo Adachi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyotango Municipal Yasaka Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Kamitani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyotango Municipal Yasaka Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshito Itoh
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Naito
- Department of Human Immunology and Nutrition Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kei Yamada
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoaki Matoba
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Longevity and Regional Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jin Narumoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Colakoglu F, Selcuk ML. Embryonic development of the chick pineal gland throughout the incubation periods. Anat Histol Embryol 2024; 53:e12995. [PMID: 37962374 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Birds have a very different pineal gland structure morphologically and cytologically. The structure of the organ shows significant changes during the incubation periods. This study, which follows the embryological development of the pineal gland and makes histomorphometric measurements of the cellular elements that make up the gland parenchyma, is a current reference for studies in these areas. These brains were taken from 24 Babcock White Leghorn chick embryos on the 10th, 13th, 16th and 21st days of incubation. At 10th embryonic day, the pineal recess was in the structure of an elongated pineal canal. Solid rosette-shaped cell clusters were transforming into round vesicles with a small lumen. These vesicles had developed into larger, oval-shaped follicles with a well-defined central lumen. On 13th day, it was observed that the number and development of follicles increased considerably. The pineal gland showed a follicular-solid structure in 16th day embryos. While the mean follicle diameter was determined as 123.46 ± 13.28 μm on the 10th embryonic day, the highest value was measured as 187.62 ± 7.37 μm on the hatching day (p < 0.05). While the mean follicle area had the lowest value in the 10th day embryos, it was determined that this value gradually increased compared to the advancing embryonic days (p < 0.05). As conclusion, it is thought that this study provides new data to the literature about pineal gland development by monitoring the histological and histomorphometric developments of chick pineal gland in different incubation periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Colakoglu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Lutfi Selcuk
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karamanaoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
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Ogiwara H, Liao YM, Wong TT. Pineal/germ cell tumors and pineal parenchymal tumors. Childs Nerv Syst 2023; 39:2649-2665. [PMID: 37831207 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-023-06081-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pineal region tumors (PRTs) are tumors arising from the pineal gland and the paraspinal structures. These tumors are rare and heterogeneous that account for 2.8-10.1% and 0.6-3.2% of tumors in children and in all ages, respectively. Almost all types and subtypes of CNS tumors may be diagnosed in this region. These tumors come from cells of the pineal gland (pinealocytes and neuroglial cells), ectopic primordial germ cells (PGC), and cells from adjacent structures. Hence, PRTs are consisted of pineal parenchyma tumors (PPTs), germ cell tumors (GCTs), neuroepithelial tumors (NETs), other miscellaneous types of tumors, cystic tumors (epidermoid, dermoid), and pineal cyst in addition. The symptoms of PRTs correlate to the increased intracranial cranial pressure due to obstructive hydrocephalus and dorsal midbrain compression. The diagnostic imaging studies are mainly MRI of brain (with and without gadolinium) along with a sagittal view of whole spine. Serum and/or CSF AFP/β-HCG helps to identify GCTs. The treatment of PRTs is consisted of the selection of surgical biopsy/resection, handling of hydrocephalus, neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant therapy according to age, tumor location, histopathological/molecular classification, grading of tumors, staging, and threshold value of markers (for GCTs) in addition. METHODS In this article, we review the following focus points: 1. Background of pineal region tumors. 2. Pineal GCTs and evolution of management. 3. Molecular study for GCTs and pineal parenchymal tumors. 4. Review of surgical approaches to the pineal region. 5. Contribution of endoscopy. 6. Adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and combination). 7. FUTURE DIRECTION RESULTS In all ages, the leading three types of PRTs in western countries were PPTs (22.7-34.8%), GCTs (27.3-34.4%), and NETs (17.2-28%). In children and young adults, the leading PRTs were invariably in the order of GCTs (40-80.5%), PPTs (7.6-21.6%), NETs (2.4-37.5%). Surgical biopsy/resection of PRTs is important for precision diagnosis and therapy. Safe resection with acceptable low mortality and morbidity was achieved after 1970s because of the advancement of surgical approaches, CSF shunt and valve system, microscopic and endoscopic surgery. Following histopathological diagnosis and classification of types and subtypes of PRTs, in PPTs, through molecular profiling, four molecular groups of pineoblastoma (PB) and their oncogenic driver were identified. Hence, molecular stratified precision therapy can be achieved. CONCLUSION Modern endoscopic and microsurgical approaches help to achieve precise histopathological diagnosis and molecular classification of different types and subtypes of pineal region tumors for risk-stratified optimal, effective, and protective therapy. In the future, molecular analysis of biospecimen (CSF and blood) along with AI radiomics on tumor imaging integrating clinical and bioinformation may help for personalized and risk-stratified management of patients with pineal region tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Ogiwara
- Division of Neurosurgery, National Center for Child Health and Development, Okura 2-10-1, Setagaya-ku, 157-8535, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu-Mei Liao
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Tong Wong
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 252 Wuxing St, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Pediatric Brain Tumor Program, Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Dearden RP, Lanzetti A, Giles S, Johanson Z, Jones AS, Lautenschlager S, Randle E, Sansom IJ. The oldest three-dimensionally preserved vertebrate neurocranium. Nature 2023; 621:782-787. [PMID: 37730987 PMCID: PMC10533405 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06538-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The neurocranium is an integral part of the vertebrate head, itself a major evolutionary innovation1,2. However, its early history remains poorly understood, with great dissimilarity in form between the two living vertebrate groups: gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates) and cyclostomes (hagfishes and lampreys)2,3. The 100 Myr gap separating the Cambrian appearance of vertebrates4-6 from the earliest three-dimensionally preserved vertebrate neurocrania7 further obscures the origins of modern states. Here we use computed tomography to describe the cranial anatomy of an Ordovician stem-group gnathostome: Eriptychius americanus from the Harding Sandstone of Colorado, USA8. A fossilized head of Eriptychius preserves a symmetrical set of cartilages that we interpret as the preorbital neurocranium, enclosing the fronts of laterally placed orbits, terminally located mouth, olfactory bulbs and pineal organ. This suggests that, in the earliest gnathostomes, the neurocranium filled out the space between the dermal skeleton and brain, like in galeaspids, osteostracans and placoderms and unlike in cyclostomes2. However, these cartilages are not fused into a single neurocranial unit, suggesting that this is a derived gnathostome trait. Eriptychius fills a major temporal and phylogenetic gap in our understanding of the evolution of the gnathostome head, revealing a neurocranium with an anatomy unlike that of any previously described vertebrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard P Dearden
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
- Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Agnese Lanzetti
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Natural History Museum, London, UK
| | - Sam Giles
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Natural History Museum, London, UK
| | | | - Andy S Jones
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stephan Lautenschlager
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Emma Randle
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ivan J Sansom
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Junemann O, Ivanova AG, Bukreeva I, Zolotov DA, Fratini M, Cedola A, Wilde F, Dyachkova IG, Krivonosov YS, Otlyga DA, Saveliev SV. Comparative study of calcification in human choroid plexus, pineal gland, and habenula. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 393:537-545. [PMID: 37354235 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03800-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Choroid plexus, pineal gland, and habenula tend to accumulate physiologic calcifications (concrements) over a lifetime. However, until now the composition and causes of the intracranial calcifications remain unclear. The detailed analysis of concrements has been done by us using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), X-ray diffraction topography (XRDT), micro-CT, X-ray phase-contrast tomography (XPCT), as well as histology and immunohistochemistry (IHC). By combining physical (XRD) and biochemical (IHC) methods, we identified inorganic (hydroxyapatite) and organic (vimentin) components of the concrements. Via XPCT, XRDT, histological, and IHC methods, we assessed the structure of concrements within their appropriate tissue environment in both two and three dimensions. The study found that hydroxyapatite was a major component of all calcified depositions. It should be noted, however, that the concrements displayed distinctive characteristics corresponding to each specific structure of the brain. As a result, our study provides a basis for assessing the pathological and physiological changes that occur in brain structure containing calcifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Junemann
- Institute of Nanotechnology-CNR (Rome unit), c/o Department of Physics, La Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, Italy.
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", Tsyurupy Street, 3, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - A G Ivanova
- Federal Scientific Research Centre "Crystallography and Photonics", Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 59, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - I Bukreeva
- Institute of Nanotechnology-CNR (Rome unit), c/o Department of Physics, La Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, Italy.
| | - D A Zolotov
- Federal Scientific Research Centre "Crystallography and Photonics", Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 59, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - M Fratini
- Institute of Nanotechnology-CNR (Rome unit), c/o Department of Physics, La Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 352, Rome, Italy
| | - A Cedola
- Institute of Nanotechnology-CNR (Rome unit), c/o Department of Physics, La Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - F Wilde
- Institute of Materials Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - I G Dyachkova
- Federal Scientific Research Centre "Crystallography and Photonics", Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 59, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yu S Krivonosov
- Federal Scientific Research Centre "Crystallography and Photonics", Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 59, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - D A Otlyga
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", Tsyurupy Street, 3, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - S V Saveliev
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", Tsyurupy Street, 3, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Chen B, Zhao Y, Chen C. Pineoblastoma: prognostic factors and survival outcomes in young children. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:367-369. [PMID: 36989486 PMCID: PMC10106190 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Boran Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Pathipaka R, Thyagarajan A, Sahu RP. Melatonin as a Repurposed Drug for Melanoma Treatment. Med Sci (Basel) 2023; 11:medsci11010009. [PMID: 36649046 PMCID: PMC9844458 DOI: 10.3390/medsci11010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer, with a greater risk of metastasis and a higher prevalence and mortality rate. This cancer type has been demonstrated to develop resistance to the known treatment options such as conventional therapeutic agents and targeted therapy that are currently being used as the standard of care. Drug repurposing has been explored as a potential alternative treatment strategy against disease pathophysiologies, including melanoma. To that end, multiple studies have suggested that melatonin produced by the pineal gland possesses anti-proliferative and oncostatic effects in experimental melanoma models. The anticarcinogenic activity of melatonin is attributed to its ability to target a variety of oncogenic signaling pathways, including the MAPK pathways which are involved in regulating the behavior of cancer cells, including cell survival and proliferation. Additionally, preclinical studies have demonstrated that melatonin in combination with chemotherapeutic agents exerts synergistic effects against melanoma. The goal of this review is to highlight the mechanistic insights of melatonin as a monotherapy or combinational therapy for melanoma treatment.
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Lakhssassi K, Sarto MP, Marín B, Lahoz B, Folch J, Alabart JL, Serrano M, Calvo JH. Exploring differentially expressed genes in hypothalamic, pars tuberalis and pineal gland transcriptomes in different sexual behavior phenotypes in rams using RNA-Seq. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skac365. [PMID: 36331073 PMCID: PMC9833037 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive seasonality is a limiting factor in sheep production. Sexual behavior is a key element in reproductive efficiency, and this function is regulated by the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. To understand the mechanisms of sexual behavior, transcriptomic sequencing technology was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the hypothalamus (HT), pars tuberalis (PT) and pineal gland (PG) in Rasa Aragonesa rams with different sexual behavior. Bioinformatics analysis of the 16,401 identified genes by RNA-Seq revealed 103 and 12 DEGs in the HT and the PG, respectively, at a false discovery rate (FDR) of 5% with an absolute value of expression ≥ 1 (log2FC). However, no DEGs were found in the PT. Functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis showed that DEGs of HT were enriched mainly in neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions and signaling pathways, including notable candidate genes such as MTNR1A, CHRNA2, FSHB, LHB, GNRHR, AVP, PRL, PDYN, CGA, GABRD, and TSHB, which play a crucial role in sexual behavior. The GnRH and cAMP signaling pathways were also highlighted. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified potential pathways, dominated mainly by biological process category, that could be responsible for the differences in sexual behavior observed in rams. The intracellular protein transport and pattern specification process were enriched within the PT and the transcription factor binding and protein ubiquitination pathways for the PG. Thus, these pathways together may play an important role in the regulation of the sexual behavior in Rasa Aragonesa rams through the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. The validation of 5 DEGs using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) showed expression patterns like the found with RNA-Seq. Overall, these results contribute to understanding the genomic basis of sexual behavior in rams. Our study demonstrates that multiple networks and pathways orchestrate sexual behavior in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenza Lakhssassi
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragon-IA2, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
- INRA Instituts, 6356 Rabat, Morocco
| | - María Pilar Sarto
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragon-IA2, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Belén Marín
- Centre for Encephalopathies and Emerging Transmissible Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Belén Lahoz
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragon-IA2, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Folch
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragon-IA2, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Luis Alabart
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragon-IA2, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Malena Serrano
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, INIA-CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Hugo Calvo
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragon-IA2, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
- ARAID, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
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Trubicka J, Łastowska M, Karkucińska-Więckowska A, Niemira M, Ejmont M, Sowińska A, Pronicki M, Matyja E, Grajkowska W. BCOR expression in paediatric pineoblastoma. Folia Neuropathol 2023; 61:121-128. [PMID: 37587886 DOI: 10.5114/fn.2023.129377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BCOR is expressed in a new brain tumour entity, i.e. 'CNS tumour with BCOR internal tandem duplication' (HGNET BCOR) but not in several other high grade paediatric brain tumours investigated. Immunohistochemical detection of BCOR expression may therefore serve as a potential diagnostic marker. Nevertheless, in rare paediatric glioma cases recurrent EP300-BCOR fusions were detected, which resulted in strong BCOR immunopositivity. We have therefore examined other, not analysed so far, types of central nervous system (CNS) tumours, pineoblastoma and germinoma, to assess a potential involvement of BCOR in these tumours. Levels of BCOR RNA expression were investigated by NanoString nCounter system analysis in a series of altogether 66 high grade paediatric tumours, including four pineoblastoma cases. Immunohistological detection of BCOR was performed in eight pineoblastoma, five germinoma and four atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumours (ATRTs), all located in the pineal region. We detected BCOR expression in all pineoblastomas, at the RNA and protein levels, but not in germinomas and ATRTs. Further analysis of pineoblastoma samples did not reveal the presence of either BCOR internal tandem duplication or BCOR fusion involvement. Positive immunohistological BCOR nuclear reaction in pineoblastoma may therefore differentiate this type of tumour from other high grade tumours located in the pineal region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Trubicka
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Łastowska
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Niemira
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Maria Ejmont
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sowińska
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Pronicki
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Matyja
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuropathology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiesława Grajkowska
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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Jiao L, Wang Y, Zhang S, Wang Y, Liu Z, Liu Z, Zhou Y, Zhou H, Xu X, Li Z, Liu Z, Yu Z, Nie L, Zhou L, Jiang H. Melatonin improves cardiac remodeling and brain-heart sympathetic hyperactivation aggravated by light disruption after myocardial infarction. J Pineal Res 2022; 73:e12829. [PMID: 36031757 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Light in the external environment might affect cardiovascular function. The light disruption seems to be related to changes in cardiovascular physiological functions, and disturbing light may be a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Prior studies have found that light disruption after myocardial infarction (MI) exacerbates cardiac remodeling, and the brain-heart sympathetic nervous system may be one of the key mechanisms. However, how to improve light-disrupted cardiac remodeling remains unclear. Melatonin is an indoleamine secreted by the pineal gland and controlled by endogenous circadian oscillators within the suprachiasmatic nucleus, which is closely associated with light/dark cycle. This study aimed to explore whether melatonin could improve light-disrupted cardiac remodeling and modulate the brain-heart sympathetic nervous system. Our study revealed that light disruption reduced serum melatonin levels, aggravated cardiac sympathetic remodeling, caused overactivation of the brain-heart sympathetic nervous system, exacerbated cardiac dysfunction, and increased cardiac fibrosis after MI, while melatonin treatment improved light disruption-exacerbated cardiac remodeling and brain-heart sympathetic hyperactivation after MI. Furthermore, RNA-Seq results revealed the significant changes at the cardiac transcription level. In conclusion, melatonin may be a potential therapy for light-disrupted cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Jiao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yueyi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zihan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yuyang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Huixin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zeyan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zhongyang Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Liqing Nie
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Liping Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, China
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Abstract
The pineal gland is a interface between light-dark cycle and shows neuro-endocrine functions. Melatonin is the primary hormone of pineal gland, secreted at night. The night-time melatonin peak regulates the physiological functions at dark. Melatonin has several unique features as it synchronises internal rhythm with daily and seasonal variations, regulates circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle. Physiologically melatonin involves in detoxification of free radicals, immune functions, neuro-protection, oncostatic effects, cardiovascular functions, reproduction, and foetal development. The precise functions of melatonin are exhibited by specific receptors. In relation to pathophysiology, impaired melatonin secretion promotes sleep disorder, cancer progression, type-2 diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. Several reports have highlighted the therapeutic benefits of melatonin specially related to cancer protection, sleep disorder, psychiatric disorders, and jet lag problems. This review will touch the most of the area of melatonin-oriented health impacts and its therapeutic aspects.
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Wei Y, Cheng X, Reiter RJ, Shi H. Journal of Pineal Research guidelines for authors: Melatonin studies using plants. J Pineal Res 2022; 73:e12807. [PMID: 35621017 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Haitao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources (Provincial Ministry Building State Key Laboratory Breeding Base), College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan Province, China
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Farouk Sait S, Karajannis MA. Chemotherapy plus focal radiation therapy for localized intracranial germinoma: How little is enough? Neuro Oncol 2022; 24:984-985. [PMID: 35171291 PMCID: PMC9159450 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Farouk Sait
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthias A Karajannis
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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20
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Gheban BA, Colosi HA, Gheban-Roșca IA, Georgiu C, Gheban D, Crişan D, Crişan M. Techniques for digital histological morphometry of the pineal gland. Acta Histochem 2022; 124:151897. [PMID: 35468563 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pineal gland is a small photo-neuro-endocrine organ. This study used human post-mortem pineal glands to microscopically assess immunohistochemical marker intensity and percentage of positivity using known and novel digital techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS An experimental non-inferiority study has been performed on 72 pineal glands harvested from post-mortem examinations. The glands have been stained with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), synaptophysin (SYN), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and neurofilament (NF). Slides were digitally scanned. Morphometric data were obtained using optical analysis, CaseViewer, ImageJ, and MorphoRGB RESULTS: Strong and statistically significant correlations were found and plotted using Bland-Altman diagrams between the two image analysis software in the case of mean percentage and intensity of GFAP, NSE, NF, and SYN. DISCUSSIONS Software such as SlideViewer and ImageJ, with our novel software MorphoRGB were used to perform histological morphometry of the pineal gland. Digital morphometry of a small organ such as the pineal gland is easy to do by using whole slide imaging (WSI) and digital image analysis software, with potential use in clinical settings. MorphoRGB provides slightly more accurate data than ImageJ and is more user-friendly regarding measurements of parenchyma percentage stained by immunohistochemistry. The results show that MorphoRGB is not inferior in functionality. CONCLUSIONS The described morphometric techniques have potential value in current practice, experimental small animal models and human pineal glands, or other small endocrine organs that can be fully included in a whole slide image. The software we used has applications in quantifying immunohistochemical stains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan-Alexandru Gheban
- Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Anatomic Pathology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Horaţiu Alexandru Colosi
- Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ioana-Andreea Gheban-Roșca
- Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen Georgiu
- Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Anatomic Pathology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan Gheban
- Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Anatomic Pathology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Children's Emergency Clinical Hospital Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Doiniţa Crişan
- Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Anatomic Pathology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria Crişan
- Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Histology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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21
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Nair A. Anticancer properties of melatonin and its role as an adjuvant in cancer treatment. Indian J Cancer 2022; 59:288-294. [PMID: 35946192 DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_1197_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is an important hormone secreted from the pineal gland that mediates several biological functions in humans through circadian rhythm. The multimodal properties of melatonin when administered systemically have generated a lot of interest among researchers. The anticancer properties of melatonin per se and its importance in cancer patients when used as an adjunct to ongoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy have led to tremendous research in animals and humans with encouraging results. The present write-up discusses the current evidence of using melatonin as an adjunct in hormone-dependent and hormone-independent cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Nair
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Ibra Hospital, North Sharqiya Governorate, Ministry of Health-Oman, Ibra, Sultanate of Oman
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22
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Adams JW, Malicki D, Levy M, Crawford JR. Coincident pineocytoma and probable brainstem glioma in a child with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:e249232. [PMID: 35272994 PMCID: PMC8915316 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-249232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jason W Adams
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Denise Malicki
- Department of Pathology, Rady Children's Hospital, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Michael Levy
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - John Ross Crawford
- Department of Neurosciences and Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Aprianto DR, Parenrengi MA. A GIANT GERMINOMA MIMICS HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA: A RARE FORM OF THALAMIC REGION TUMOR. Wiad Lek 2022; 75:2036-2040. [PMID: 36129092 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202208217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A fourteen-year-old boy initially presented with weakness in the right extremity, worsening in the last three months with stiffness and convulsions in his right extremity. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed an intra-axial tumor measuring 8.3x7.3x6.8 cm, leading to obstructive hydrocephalus. The patient's condition suddenly worsened with decreased consciousness, and then emergency surgery was performed for tumor resection and external ventricular drainage before switching to a ventriculoperitoneal shunt on the fifth day after surgery. Histopathological examination revealed a germinoma, which is rare in the thalamic region. The patient responded well to radiation therapy after surgery. Ectopic GCT may be difficult to differentiate on radiological examination alone. The current case was initially diagnosed as a high-grade glioma based on radiological findings. A definite diagnosis can be made only after a histopathological examination, which requires a tissue sample. Therefore, many tumors are surgically excised for biopsy purposes A good preoperative examination is very important to determine the approach to patient management. Furthermore, radiotherapy is mandatory for germinoma because of its radiosensitivity.
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Han T, Jiang W, Wu H, Wei W, Lu J, Lu H, Xu J, Gu W, Guo X, Wang Y, Ruan J, Li Y, Wang Y, Jiang X, Zhao S, Li Y, Sun C. Fetal malnutrition is associated with impairment of endogenous melatonin synthesis in pineal via hypermethylation of promoters of protein kinase C alpha and cAMP response element-binding. J Pineal Res 2021; 71:e12764. [PMID: 34486775 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether and how fetal malnutrition would influence endogenous melatonin synthesis, and whether such effect of fetal malnutrition would transmit to the next generation. We enrolled 2466 participants and 1313 of their offspring. The urine 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfate and serum melatonin rhythm were measured. Methylation microarray detection and bioinformatics analysis were performed to identify hub methylated sites. Additionally, rat experiment was performed to elucidate mechanisms. The participants with fetal malnutrition had lower 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfate (16.59 ± 10.12 μg/24 hours vs 24.29 ± 11.99 μg/24 hours, P < .001) and arear under curve of melatonin rhythm (67.11 ± 8.16 pg/mL vs 77.11 ± 8.04 pg/mL, P < .001). We identified 961 differentially methylated sites, in which the hub methylated sites were locating on protein kinase C alpha (PRKCA) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB1) promoters, mediating the association of fetal malnutrition with impaired melatonin secretion. However, such effects were not observed in the offspring (all P > .05). Impaired histomorphology of pineal, decreased melatonin in serum, pineal, and pinealocyte were also found in the in vivo and in vitro experiments (P < .05 for the differences of the indicators). Hypermethylation of 10 CpG sites on the PRKCA promoter and 8 CpG sites on the CREB1 promoter were identified (all P < .05), which down-regulated PRKCA and CREB1 expressions, leading to decreased expression of AANAT, and then resulting in the impaired melatonin synthesis. Collectively, fetal malnutrition can impair melatonin synthesis through hypermethylation of PRKCA and CREB1 promoters, and such effects cannot be transmitted to the next generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Han
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenbo Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huanyu Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiang Lu
- National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Lu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaxu Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenbo Gu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingqi Ruan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yunong Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xitao Jiang
- College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Shengnan Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Translation, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Changhao Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Lépinay J, Taragnat C, Dubois JP, Chesneau D, Jockers R, Delagrange P, Bozon V. Negative regulation of melatonin secretion by melatonin receptors in ovine pinealocytes. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255249. [PMID: 34324562 PMCID: PMC8320996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) is a biological modulator of circadian and seasonal rhythms and reproduction. The photoperiodic information is detected by retinal photoreceptors and transmitted through nerve transmissions to the pineal gland, where MLT is synthesized and secreted at night into the blood. MLT interacts with two G protein-coupled receptors, MT1 and MT2. The aim of our work was to provide evidence for the presence of MLT receptors in the ovine pineal gland and define their involvement on melatonin secretion. For the first time, we identified the expression of MLT receptors with the specific 2-[125I]-MLT agonistic radioligand in ovin pinealocytes. The values of Kd and Bmax are 2.24 ± 1.1 nM and 20 ± 6.8 fmol/mg. MLT receptors are functional and inhibit cAMP production and activate ERK1/2 through pertussis toxin-sensitive Gi/o proteins. The MLT receptor antagonist/ inverse agonist luzindole increased cAMP production (189 ± 30%) and MLT secretion (866 ± 13%). The effect of luzindole on MLT secretion was additive with the effect of well-described activators of this pathway such as the β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol and the α-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine. Co-incubation of all three compounds increased MLT secretion by 1236 ± 199%. These results suggest that MLT receptors are involved in the negative regulation of the synthesis of its own ligand in pinealocytes. While adrenergic receptors promote MLT secretion, MLT receptors mitigate this effect to limit the quantity of MLT secreted by the pineal gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Lépinay
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Catherine Taragnat
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Dubois
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Didier Chesneau
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Ralf Jockers
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | | | - Véronique Bozon
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
- * E-mail:
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Martínez-Cuéllar S, Gil-Montesdeoca R, Arocha-Saavedra MP, Santana-Cabrera L. Intracranial pineal tumor as a cause of a cerebral salt-wasting syndrome. Rev Clin Esp 2021; 222:59-60. [PMID: 34078589 DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Martínez-Cuéllar
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | - L Santana-Cabrera
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
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Xu ZN, Yue XY, Cao XC, Liu YD, Fang BS, Zhao WH, Li C, Xu S, Zhang M. Multidisciplinary treatment of primary intracranial yolk sac tumor: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25778. [PMID: 34106610 PMCID: PMC8133229 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Intracranial yolk sac tumors (YSTs) are rare malignancies with limited treatment options and a dismal prognosis. They are usually managed with surgical resection and chemoradiotherapy. PATIENT CONCERNS Here, we report a patient with primary YST in the pineal region who achieved long term survival. Despite undergoing treatment, he experienced several recurrences over a 15-year period. DIAGNOSIS Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated the presence of space-occupying lesions in the pineal region and the medial tail of the left lateral ventricle. The tumors were excised, and the histological diagnosis suggested an intracranial YST. INTERVENTIONS The patient achieved long term survival after combined modality therapy including surgery, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS)/intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. OUTCOMES The disease remained stable. However, the patient gave up treatment and passed away in October 2020, with a total survival of about 15 years. LESSONS To the best of our knowledge, this patient with intracranial YST had received a longer survival compared with other published reports. We summarize previously published reports of intracranial YST and discuss the importance of multidisciplinary treatment. SRS may have a role, as a focal boost to residual tumor after resection or in case of recurrence after conventional radiotherapy, in the multimodality management of intracranial YSTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Ning Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang
- Graduate School of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiang-Yong Yue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang
| | - Xiao-Ci Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang
| | - Ya-Dong Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang
| | - Bao-Shuan Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang
| | - Wen-Hao Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang
| | - Shuai Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang
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Gheban BA, Colosi HA, Gheban-Rosca IA, Pop B, Domșa AMT, Georgiu C, Gheban D, Crișan D, Crișan M. Age-Related Changes of the Pineal Gland in Humans: A Digital Anatomo-Histological Morphometric Study on Autopsy Cases with Comparison to Predigital-Era Studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57040383. [PMID: 33921100 PMCID: PMC8071372 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57040383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: The pineal gland is a photoneuroendocrine organ in the midline of the brain, responsible primarily for melatonin synthesis. It is composed mainly of pinealocytes and glial tissue. This study examined human postmortem pineal glands to microscopically assess age-related changes using digital techniques, and offers a perspective on evolutionary tendencies compared to the past. Materials and Methods: A retrospective autopsy study has been performed on 72 pediatric and adult autopsy cases. The glands have been processed for histological analysis and immunohistochemical staining with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Slides were assessed under polarized light and digitally scanned. Morphometric data were obtained using CaseViewer and ImageJ. Results: Thirty-three females and 39 males were included in the study, grouped under three age groups: 0–25, 46–65, and 66–96 years of age. The peak gland volume was found within the 46–65 age group, the overall mean volume was 519 mm3, the main architectural types were lobular and insular, and the mean percentage of pineal calcification was 15% of the gland, peaking within the 66–96 age group, with a predominantly globular shape. Glial cysts were found in 20.8% of cases. The intensity of GFAP stain was maximal in the pediatric age group, but the extent of glial tissue was much larger in elderly patients. Discussion: The degenerative process of the pineal gland can be quantified by measuring normal parenchyma, calcifications, glial tissue, and glial cysts. Morphometric differences have been observed and compared to a similar studies performed in the published literature. The current study, unfortunately, lacks a 26–45 age group. Digital techniques seemed to offer a more exact analysis, but returned similar results to studies performed over 40 years ago, therefore offering important information on evolutionary tendencies. Conclusions: Increase in glial tissue, calcifications, and glial cysts have a defining role as age-related changes in the pineal gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan-Alexandru Gheban
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400129 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.P.); (A.-M.T.D.); (C.G.); (D.G.); (D.C.)
- Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 400129 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Correspondence: (B.-A.G.); (H.A.C.)
| | - Horațiu Alexandru Colosi
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400129 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (B.-A.G.); (H.A.C.)
| | | | - Bogdan Pop
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400129 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.P.); (A.-M.T.D.); (C.G.); (D.G.); (D.C.)
- The Oncology Institute “Ion Chiricuţă”, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ana-Maria Teodora Domșa
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400129 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.P.); (A.-M.T.D.); (C.G.); (D.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Carmen Georgiu
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400129 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.P.); (A.-M.T.D.); (C.G.); (D.G.); (D.C.)
- Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 400129 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Dan Gheban
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400129 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.P.); (A.-M.T.D.); (C.G.); (D.G.); (D.C.)
- Children’s Emergency Clinical Hospital, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Doinița Crișan
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400129 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.P.); (A.-M.T.D.); (C.G.); (D.G.); (D.C.)
- Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 400129 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Maria Crișan
- Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 400129 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Histology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400129 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Assi HI, Kakati RT, Berro J, Saikali I, Youssef B, Hourany R, Alameh I, Tabbarah A, Khoury J, Darwish H, Alame S. PTEN R130Q Papillary Tumor of the Pineal Region (PTPR) with Chromosome 10 Loss Successfully Treated with Everolimus: A Case Report. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 28:1274-1279. [PMID: 33804593 PMCID: PMC8025816 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28020121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Papillary tumors of the pineal region (PTPR) can be observed among adults with poor prognosis and high recurrence rates. Standards of therapy involve total surgical excision along with radiation therapy, with no promising prospects for primary adjuvant chemotherapy, as long-term treatment options have not been explored. Chromosome 10 loss is characteristic of PTPR, and PTEN gene alterations are frequently encountered in a wide range of human cancers and may be treated with mTORC1 inhibitors such as everolimus. In parallel, there are no reports of treating PTPR with everolimus alone as a monopharmacotherapy. We report the case of a patient diagnosed with PTPR (grade III) characterized by a PTEN R130Q alteration with chromosome 10 loss that was treated with everolimus pharmacotherapy alone, resulting in an asymptomatic course and tumor regression, a rare yet notable phenomenon not described in the literature so far with potential to alter the management approach to patients with PTPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem I. Assi
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Naef K. Basile Cancer Institute, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Cairo Street, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; (J.B.); (J.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Rasha T. Kakati
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon;
| | - Juliett Berro
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Naef K. Basile Cancer Institute, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Cairo Street, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; (J.B.); (J.K.)
| | - Ibrahim Saikali
- Division of Neurosurgery, Lebanese American University Medical Center, Beirut P.O. Box 11-3288, Lebanon;
| | - Bassem Youssef
- Division of Radiation Oncology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Cairo Street, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon;
| | - Roula Hourany
- Division of Diagnostic Radiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Bliss Street, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon;
| | - Ibrahim Alameh
- Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Cairo Street, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon;
| | - Abeer Tabbarah
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Cairo Street, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon;
| | - Jessica Khoury
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Naef K. Basile Cancer Institute, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Cairo Street, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; (J.B.); (J.K.)
| | - Houssein Darwish
- Division of Neurosurgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Cairo Street, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon;
| | - Saada Alame
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut P.O. Box 6573/14, Lebanon;
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Kanamori M, Takami H, Yamaguchi S, Sasayama T, Yoshimoto K, Tominaga T, Inoue A, Ikeda N, Kambe A, Kumabe T, Matsuda M, Tanaka S, Natsumeda M, Matsuda KI, Nonaka M, Kurihara J, Yamaoka M, Kagawa N, Shinojima N, Negoto T, Nakahara Y, Arakawa Y, Hatazaki S, Shimizu H, Yoshino A, Abe H, Akimoto J, Kawanishi Y, Suzuki T, Natsume A, Nagane M, Akiyama Y, Keino D, Fukami T, Tomita T, Kanaya K, Tokuyama T, Izumoto S, Nakada M, Kuga D, Yamamoto S, Anei R, Uzuka T, Fukai J, Kijima N, Terashima K, Ichimura K, Nishikawa R. So-called bifocal tumors with diabetes insipidus and negative tumor markers: are they all germinoma? Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:295-303. [PMID: 32818237 PMCID: PMC7906060 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Delphi consensus statements on the management of germ cell tumors (GCTs) failed to reach agreements on the statement that the cases with (i) pineal and neurohypophyseal bifocal lesion, (ii) with diabetes insipidus, and (iii) with negative tumor markers can be diagnosed as germinoma without histological verification. To answer this, multicenter retrospective analysis was performed. METHODS A questionnaire on clinical findings, histological diagnosis, and details of surgical procedures was sent to 86 neurosurgical and 35 pediatrics departments in Japan. RESULTS Fifty-one institutes reported 132 cases that fulfilled the 3 criteria. Tissue sampling was performed in 91 cases from pineal (n = 44), neurohypophyseal (n = 32), both (n = 6), and distant (n = 9) lesions. Histological diagnosis was established in 89 cases: pure germinoma or germinoma with syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells in 82 (92.1%) cases, germinoma and mature teratoma in 2 cases, and granulomatous inflammation in 2 cases. Histological diagnosis was not established in 2 cases. Although no tumors other than GCTs were identified, 3 (3.4%) patients had non-germinomatous GCTs (NGGCTs). None of the patients developed permanent complications after endoscopic or stereotactic biopsy. Thirty-nine patients underwent simultaneous procedure for acute hydrocephalus without permanent complications, and hydrocephalus was controlled in 94.9% of them. CONCLUSION All patients who fulfilled the 3 criteria had GCTs or granulomatous inflammation, but not other types of tumors. However, no fewer than 3.4% of the patients had NGGCTs. Considering the safety and the effects of simultaneous procedures for acute hydrocephalus, biopsy was recommended in such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Kanamori
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Takami
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamaguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Sasayama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Koji Yoshimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Teiji Tominaga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akihiro Inoue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Naokado Ikeda
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroendovascular Surgery, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kambe
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kumabe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masahide Matsuda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shota Tanaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Natsumeda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Matsuda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nonaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Kurihara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saitama Children’s Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Yamaoka
- Department of Pediatrics, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Kagawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Shinojima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Negoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nakahara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Arakawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Seiji Hatazaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimizu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Atsuo Yoshino
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Abe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jiro Akimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Kawanishi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Tomonari Suzuki
- Department of Neuro-Oncology/Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Natsume
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Motoo Nagane
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukinori Akiyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Dai Keino
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Kanagawa Children`s Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tadateru Fukami
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tomita
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kohei Kanaya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tokuyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Shuichi Izumoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Sayama, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kuga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shohei Yamamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryogo Anei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Takeo Uzuka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Junya Fukai
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine Wakayama, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kijima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keita Terashima
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Ichimura
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Nishikawa
- Department of Neuro-Oncology/Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
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31
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Khavboshina AG, Serova NK, Grigorieva NN, Pronin IN, Kobyakov GL, Trunin YY. [Lesion of optic nerves and chiasm following bifocal germinoma recurrence]. Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko 2021; 85:86-92. [PMID: 34156210 DOI: 10.17116/neiro20218503186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The authors report a patient with recurrent bifocal germinoma of the optical nerves and chiasm after previous combined treatment. The tumor resulted progressive visual acuity loss despite subsequent therapy (glucocorticoid therapy, chemo- and radiotherapy). Differential diagnosis between tumor progression and consequences of radiotherapy was complicated by MRI negative pattern. Subsequent development of the process, signs of anterior visual pathway damage and tumor spread throughout the ventricular system and subarachnoid spaces according to neuroimaging data indicated recurrence of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N K Serova
- Burdenko Center of Neurosurgery, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - I N Pronin
- Burdenko Center of Neurosurgery, Moscow, Russia
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32
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Rubinskii AV, Linkova NS, Chalisova NI, Noskin LA, Marchenko VN, Khavinson VK. [Epigenetic regulation of adaptogenesis by pathology and aging.]. Adv Gerontol 2021; 34:10-17. [PMID: 33993656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The organism adaptive possibilities by pathology and aging are discussed in account of the epigenetic. The organism adaptation to inner and external factors is carried out by organism unite humoral protective system, inclusive hypothalamus-hypophysis-pineal and hypothalamus-hypophysis-thymus axises. AEDG, AEDP, EDR, KED, EW, KE short peptides are the epigenetic regulators of gene expression and protein synthesis, which can be involve to the adaptation by stress and in the activation of hypothalamus-hypophysis-pineal and hypothalamus-hypophysis-thymus axises. These short peptides regulate the synthesis of proteins of heat shock, stress-protective proteins, cytocines, fibrinolysis and hemostasis factors and can participate in primary and tardive epigenetic regulation of adaptive response by stress, pathology and aging. The early functional diagnostic of element disturbances of organism unite humoral protective system by age-associative pathology can be usefull for the detection of deficient synchronization of epigenetic mechanisms, by wich the depletion and decrease of organism reserve possibilities occurs. The use of peptide can grade the adaptive syndrome manifestation by the stress and age pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Rubinskii
- I.P.Pavlov First State Medical Institute, 6-8 Lev Tolstoy str., St. Petersburg 197022, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - N S Linkova
- Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, 3 pr. Dinamo, St. Petersburg 197110, Russian Federation, e-mail:
- Belgorod National Research University, 85 Pobedy str., Belgorod 308015, Russian Federation
- Academy of Postgraduate Education under FSBU FSCC of FMBA of Russia, 91 Volocolamskoe shosse, Moscow 125371, Russian Federation
| | - N I Chalisova
- Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, 3 pr. Dinamo, St. Petersburg 197110, Russian Federation, e-mail:
- I.P.Pavlov Institute of Physiology RAS, 6 Nab. Makarova, St. Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - L A Noskin
- B.P.Konstantinov Saint-Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physic of National Center «Kurchatov Institute », 1 Orlova roshcha, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russian Federation
| | - V N Marchenko
- I.P.Pavlov First State Medical Institute, 6-8 Lev Tolstoy str., St. Petersburg 197022, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - V K Khavinson
- Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, 3 pr. Dinamo, St. Petersburg 197110, Russian Federation, e-mail:
- I.P.Pavlov Institute of Physiology RAS, 6 Nab. Makarova, St. Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
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Abstract
The pineal gland is a naturally calcifying endocrine organ which secretes the sleep-promoting hormone melatonin. Age-related changes of the pineal have been observed, including decreased pinealocyte numbers, increased calcification, and a reduction in melatonin production. Since fluoride is attracted to calcium within the pineal gland, this study sought to examine the effects of a fluoride-free diet on the morphology of the pineal gland of aged male rats (26 months old). All animals had previously been raised on standard fluoridated food and drinking water. These control animals were compared to other animals that were placed on a fluoride-free diet ("fluoride flush") for 4 or 8 weeks. At 4 weeks, pineal glands from fluoride-free animals showed a 96% increase in supporting cell numbers and at 8 weeks a 73% increase in the number of pinealocytes compared to control animals. In contrast, the number of pinealocytes and supporting cells in animals given an initial 4-week fluoride flush followed by a return to fluoridated drinking water (1.2 ppm NaF) for 4 weeks were not different from control animals. Our findings therefore demonstrate that a fluoride-free diet encouraged pinealocyte proliferation and pineal gland growth in aged animals and fluoride treatment inhibited gland growth. These findings suggest that dietary fluoride may be detrimental to the pineal gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Mrvelj
- Department of Biological Sciences, Youngstown State University, 1 University Plaza, Youngstown, OH, 44555, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Mark D Womble
- Department of Biological Sciences, Youngstown State University, 1 University Plaza, Youngstown, OH, 44555, USA.
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34
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Thomas C, Wefers A, Bens S, Nemes K, Agaimy A, Oyen F, Vogelgesang S, Rodriguez FJ, Brett FM, McLendon R, Bodi I, Burel-Vandenbos F, Keyvani K, Tippelt S, Poulsen FR, Lipp ES, Giannini C, Reifenberger G, Kuchelmeister K, Pietsch T, Kordes U, Siebert R, Frühwald MC, Johann PD, Sill M, Kool M, von Deimling A, Paulus W, Hasselblatt M. Desmoplastic myxoid tumor, SMARCB1-mutant: clinical, histopathological and molecular characterization of a pineal region tumor encountered in adolescents and adults. Acta Neuropathol 2020; 139:277-286. [PMID: 31732806 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-02094-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is a highly malignant brain tumor predominantly occurring in infants. Mutations of the SMARCB1 gene are the characteristic genetic lesion. SMARCB1-mutant tumors in adolescents and adults are rare and may show uncommon histopathological and clinical features. Here we report seven SMARCB1-deficient intracranial tumors sharing distinct clinical, histopathological and molecular features. Median age of the four females and three males was 40 years (range 15-61 years). All tumors were located in the pineal region. Histopathologically, these tumors displayed spindled and epithelioid cells embedded in a desmoplastic stroma alternating with a variable extent of a loose myxoid matrix. All cases showed loss of nuclear SMARCB1/INI1 protein expression, expression of EMA and CD34 was frequent and the Ki67/MIB1 proliferation index was low in the majority of cases (median 3%). Three cases displayed heterozygous SMARCB1 deletions and two cases a homozygous SMARCB1 deletion. On sequencing, one tumor showed a 2 bp deletion in exon 4 (c.369_370del) and one a short duplication in exon 3 (c.237_276dup) both resulting in frameshift mutations. Most DNA methylation profiles were not classifiable using the Heidelberg Brain Tumor Classifier (version v11b4). By unsupervised t-SNE analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis, however, all tumors grouped closely together and showed similarities with ATRT-MYC. After a median observation period of 48 months, three patients were alive with stable disease, whereas one patient experienced tumor progression and three patients had succumbed to disease. In conclusion, our series represents an entity with distinct clinical, histopathological and molecular features showing epigenetic similarities with ATRT-MYC. We propose the designation desmoplastic myxoid tumor (DMT), SMARCB1-mutant, for these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Thomas
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Pottkamp 2, Münster, Germany
| | - Annika Wefers
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Bens
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm and Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Karolina Nemes
- Swabian Childrens' Cancer Center, University Childrens' Hospital Augsburg and EU-RHAB Registry, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Abbas Agaimy
- Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Florian Oyen
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Silke Vogelgesang
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Neuropathology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Francesca M Brett
- Department of Neuropathology, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont Road, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Roger McLendon
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Istvan Bodi
- Department of Clinical Neuropathology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Fanny Burel-Vandenbos
- Central Laboratory of Pathology, Nice University Hospital, Hôpital Pasteur, Nice, France
| | - Kathy Keyvani
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stefan Tippelt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Frantz R Poulsen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Eric S Lipp
- Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Caterina Giannini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Guido Reifenberger
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen/Düsseldorf, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Kuchelmeister
- Institute of Neuropathology and DGNN Brain Tumor Reference Centre, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Torsten Pietsch
- Institute of Neuropathology and DGNN Brain Tumor Reference Centre, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Uwe Kordes
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Reiner Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm and Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael C Frühwald
- Swabian Childrens' Cancer Center, University Childrens' Hospital Augsburg and EU-RHAB Registry, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Pascal D Johann
- Hopp-Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Sill
- Hopp-Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Kool
- Hopp-Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Werner Paulus
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Pottkamp 2, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Hasselblatt
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Pottkamp 2, Münster, Germany.
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35
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Pfaff E, Aichmüller C, Sill M, Stichel D, Snuderl M, Karajannis MA, Schuhmann MU, Schittenhelm J, Hasselblatt M, Thomas C, Korshunov A, Rhizova M, Wittmann A, Kaufhold A, Iskar M, Ketteler P, Lohmann D, Orr BA, Ellison DW, von Hoff K, Mynarek M, Rutkowski S, Sahm F, von Deimling A, Lichter P, Kool M, Zapatka M, Pfister SM, Jones DTW. Molecular subgrouping of primary pineal parenchymal tumors reveals distinct subtypes correlated with clinical parameters and genetic alterations. Acta Neuropathol 2020; 139:243-257. [PMID: 31768671 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-02101-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumors of the pineal region comprise several different entities with distinct clinical and histopathological features. Whereas some entities predominantly affect adults, pineoblastoma (PB) constitutes a highly aggressive malignancy of childhood with a poor outcome. PBs mainly arise sporadically, but may also occur in the context of cancer predisposition syndromes including DICER1 and RB1 germline mutation. With this study, we investigate clinico-pathological subgroups of pineal tumors and further characterize their biological features. We performed genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in 195 tumors of the pineal region and 20 normal pineal gland controls. Copy-number profiles were obtained from DNA methylation data; gene panel sequencing was added for 93 tumors and analysis was further complemented by miRNA sequencing for 22 tumor samples. Unsupervised clustering based on DNA methylation profiling separated known subgroups, like pineocytoma, pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation, papillary tumor of the pineal region and PB, and further distinct subtypes within these groups, including three subtypes within the core PB subgroup. The novel molecular subgroup Pin-RB includes cases of trilateral retinoblastoma as well as sporadic pineal tumors with RB1 alterations, and displays similarities with retinoblastoma. Distinct clinical associations discriminate the second novel molecular subgroup PB-MYC from other PB cases. Alterations within the miRNA processing pathway (affecting DROSHA, DGCR8 or DICER1) are found in about two thirds of cases in the three core PB subtypes. Methylation profiling revealed biologically distinct groups of pineal tumors with specific clinical and molecular features. Our findings provide a foundation for further clinical as well as molecular and functional characterization of PB and other pineal tumors, including the role of miRNA processing defects in oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Pfaff
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Pediatric Glioma Research Group (B360), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Aichmüller
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Sill
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Damian Stichel
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matija Snuderl
- Division of Neuropathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, USA
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Diagnostics, NYU Langone Health, New York, USA
| | | | - Martin U Schuhmann
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Eberhard Karl's University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jens Schittenhelm
- Institute of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, University of Tübingen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Hasselblatt
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Munster, Germany
| | - Christian Thomas
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Munster, Germany
| | - Andrey Korshunov
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marina Rhizova
- Department of Neuropathology, Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrea Wittmann
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Pediatric Glioma Research Group (B360), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Kaufhold
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Murat Iskar
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Ketteler
- Pediatrics III, Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Lohmann
- Eye Cancer Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Brent A Orr
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, USA
| | - David W Ellison
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, USA
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, USA
| | - Katja von Hoff
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Mynarek
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Rutkowski
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix Sahm
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Lichter
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Kool
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Zapatka
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David T W Jones
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Pediatric Glioma Research Group (B360), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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36
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Li BK, Vasiljevic A, Dufour C, Yao F, Ho BLB, Lu M, Hwang EI, Gururangan S, Hansford JR, Fouladi M, Nobusawa S, Laquerriere A, Delisle MB, Fangusaro J, Forest F, Toledano H, Solano-Paez P, Leary S, Birks D, Hoffman LM, Szathmari A, Faure-Conter C, Fan X, Catchpoole D, Zhou L, Schultz KAP, Ichimura K, Gauchotte G, Jabado N, Jones C, Loussouarn D, Mokhtari K, Rousseau A, Ziegler DS, Tanaka S, Pomeroy SL, Gajjar A, Ramaswamy V, Hawkins C, Grundy RG, Hill DA, Bouffet E, Huang A, Jouvet A. Pineoblastoma segregates into molecular sub-groups with distinct clinico-pathologic features: a Rare Brain Tumor Consortium registry study. Acta Neuropathol 2020; 139:223-241. [PMID: 31820118 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-02111-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pineoblastomas (PBs) are rare, aggressive pediatric brain tumors of the pineal gland with modest overall survival despite intensive therapy. We sought to define the clinical and molecular spectra of PB to inform new treatment approaches for this orphan cancer. Tumor, blood, and clinical data from 91 patients with PB or supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (sPNETs/CNS-PNETs), and 2 pineal parenchymal tumors of intermediate differentiation (PPTIDs) were collected from 29 centres in the Rare Brain Tumor Consortium. We used global DNA methylation profiling to define a core group of PB from 72/93 cases, which were delineated into five molecular sub-groups. Copy number, whole exome and targeted sequencing, and miRNA expression analyses were used to evaluate the clinico-pathologic significance of each sub-group. Tumors designated as group 1 and 2 almost exclusively exhibited deleterious homozygous loss-of-function alterations in miRNA biogenesis genes (DICER1, DROSHA, and DGCR8) in 62 and 100% of group 1 and 2 tumors, respectively. Recurrent alterations of the oncogenic MYC-miR-17/92-RB1 pathway were observed in the RB and MYC sub-group, respectively, characterized by RB1 loss with gain of miR-17/92, and recurrent gain or amplification of MYC. PB sub-groups exhibited distinct clinical features: group 1-3 arose in older children (median ages 5.2-14.0 years) and had intermediate to excellent survival (5-year OS of 68.0-100%), while Group RB and MYC PB patients were much younger (median age 1.3-1.4 years) with dismal survival (5-year OS 37.5% and 28.6%, respectively). We identified age < 3 years at diagnosis, metastatic disease, omission of upfront radiation, and chr 16q loss as significant negative prognostic factors across all PBs. Our findings demonstrate that PB exhibits substantial molecular heterogeneity with sub-group-associated clinical phenotypes and survival. In addition to revealing novel biology and therapeutics, molecular sub-grouping of PB can be exploited to reduce treatment intensity for patients with favorable biology tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan K Li
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Ave., 10421B, Black, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandre Vasiljevic
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, CHU de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Christelle Dufour
- Département de Cancérologie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Paris, France
| | - Fupan Yao
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ben L B Ho
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mei Lu
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eugene I Hwang
- Department of Oncology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sridharan Gururangan
- Department of Pediatrics, Preston A. Wells Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, UF Health Shands Hospital, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jordan R Hansford
- Children's Cancer Centre, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Maryam Fouladi
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sumihito Nobusawa
- Department of Human Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Annie Laquerriere
- Department of Pathology, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen University Hospital, Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, F 76000, Rouen, France
| | | | - Jason Fangusaro
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Fabien Forest
- Department of Pathology, CHU St. Etienne, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Helen Toledano
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Palma Solano-Paez
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Hospital Infantil Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain
| | - Sarah Leary
- Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Seattle Children's, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Diane Birks
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Lindsey M Hoffman
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Alexandru Szathmari
- Département de Neurochirurgie Adulte et Pédiatrique, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | | | - Xing Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel Catchpoole
- Children's Cancer Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Li Zhou
- Children's Cancer Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Kris Ann P Schultz
- Cancer and Blood Disorder, Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Nada Jabado
- Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Chris Jones
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Delphine Loussouarn
- Service d'Anatomie et de Cytologie pathologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Karima Mokhtari
- Département de Neuropathologie, Hôpital Universitaire Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Rousseau
- Département de Pathologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, CHU d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - David S Ziegler
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shinya Tanaka
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Scott L Pomeroy
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amar Gajjar
- Department of Oncology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Vijay Ramaswamy
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Ave., 10421B, Black, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cynthia Hawkins
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Richard G Grundy
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - D Ashley Hill
- Division of Pathology, Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Eric Bouffet
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Ave., 10421B, Black, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Annie Huang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Ave., 10421B, Black, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Anne Jouvet
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, CHU de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Pathology and Molecular Biology, SFCE, Bordeaux, France
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37
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Liu APY, Gudenas B, Lin T, Orr BA, Klimo P, Kumar R, Bouffet E, Gururangan S, Crawford JR, Kellie SJ, Chintagumpala M, Fisher MJ, Bowers DC, Hassall T, Indelicato DJ, Onar-Thomas A, Ellison DW, Boop FA, Merchant TE, Robinson GW, Northcott PA, Gajjar A. Risk-adapted therapy and biological heterogeneity in pineoblastoma: integrated clinico-pathological analysis from the prospective, multi-center SJMB03 and SJYC07 trials. Acta Neuropathol 2020; 139:259-271. [PMID: 31802236 PMCID: PMC7065912 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-02106-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pineoblastoma is a rare embryonal tumor of childhood that is conventionally treated with high-dose craniospinal irradiation (CSI). Multi-dimensional molecular evaluation of pineoblastoma and associated intertumoral heterogeneity is lacking. Herein, we report outcomes and molecular features of children with pineoblastoma from two multi-center, risk-adapted trials (SJMB03 for patients ≥ 3 years; SJYC07 for patients < 3 years) complemented by a non-protocol institutional cohort. The clinical cohort consisted of 58 patients with histologically diagnosed pineoblastoma (SJMB03 = 30, SJYC07 = 12, non-protocol = 16, including 12 managed with SJMB03-like therapy). The SJMB03 protocol comprised risk-adapted CSI (average-risk = 23.4 Gy, high-risk = 36 Gy) with radiation boost to the primary site and adjuvant chemotherapy. The SJYC07 protocol consisted of induction chemotherapy, consolidation with focal radiation (intermediate-risk) or chemotherapy (high-risk), and metronomic maintenance therapy. The molecular cohort comprised 43 pineal parenchymal tumors profiled by DNA methylation array (n = 43), whole-exome sequencing (n = 26), and RNA-sequencing (n = 16). Respective 5-year progression-free survival rates for patients with average-risk or high-risk disease on SJMB03 or SJMB03-like therapy were 100% and 56.5 ± 10.3% (P = 0.007); respective 2-year progression-free survival rates for those with intermediate-risk or high-risk disease on SJYC07 were 14.3 ± 13.2% and 0% (P = 0.375). Of patients with average-risk disease treated with SJMB03/SJMB03-like therapy, 17/18 survived without progression. DNA-methylation analysis revealed four clinically relevant pineoblastoma subgroups: PB-A, PB-B, PB-B-like, and PB-FOXR2. Pineoblastoma subgroups differed in age at diagnosis, propensity for metastasis, cytogenetics, and clinical outcomes. Alterations in the miRNA-processing pathway genes DICER1, DROSHA, and DGCR8 were recurrent and mutually exclusive in PB-B and PB-B-like subgroups; PB-FOXR2 samples universally overexpressed the FOXR2 proto-oncogene. Our findings suggest superior outcome amongst older children with average-risk pineoblastoma treated with reduced-dose CSI. The identification of biologically and clinically distinct pineoblastoma subgroups warrants consideration of future molecularly-driven treatment protocols for this rare pediatric brain tumor entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P Y Liu
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Brian Gudenas
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Tong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Brent A Orr
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Paul Klimo
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Le Bonheur Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Eric Bouffet
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sridharan Gururangan
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - John R Crawford
- University of California San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Stewart J Kellie
- Children's Cancer Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead and University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Murali Chintagumpala
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael J Fisher
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel C Bowers
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tim Hassall
- Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel J Indelicato
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Arzu Onar-Thomas
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - David W Ellison
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Frederick A Boop
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Le Bonheur Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Thomas E Merchant
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Giles W Robinson
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Paul A Northcott
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Amar Gajjar
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, USA
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Ivko OM, Drobintseva AO, Leont'eva DO, Kvetnoy IM, Polyakova VO, Linkova NS. [The influence of AEDG and KE peptides on mitochondries stain and L7A ribosomes protein expression during human pineal gland and thymus cell senescence in vitro.]. Adv Gerontol 2020; 33:741-747. [PMID: 33342107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It was verified new molecular targets of geroprotective activity of AEDG (epitalon) and KE (vilon) peptides by the method of confocal laser scanning microscopy. It was shown that the MitoTracker Red mitochondries staining decreased and L7A ribosomal protein synthesis compensatory increased during pineal and thymic cell senescence in vitro. AEDG peptide increases in 1,5 times the square of MitoTracker Red mitochondries staining and decreases on 22% the expression of ribosomal protein L7A in cultures of human pineal gland cells during its senescence. KE peptide increases in 1,5 times the square of MitoTracker Red mitochondries staining and decreases on 15% the expression of ribosomal protein L7A in cultures of human thymic cells during its senescence. The square of MitoTracker Red mitochondries staining decreases and the expression of L7A ribosomal protein compensatory increases during pineal gland and thymic cells senescence. We can suppose that AEDG and KE peptides have a tissue-specific effect that normalizes the functions of mitochondria and ribosomes of pinealocytes and thymocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- O M Ivko
- Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, 3 pr. Dynamo, St. Petersburg 197110, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - A O Drobintseva
- Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, 2 Litovskaya str., St. Petersburg 194100, Russian Federation
| | - D O Leont'eva
- Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, 3 pr. Dynamo, St. Petersburg 197110, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - I M Kvetnoy
- Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, 2-4 Ligovsky pr., St. Petersburg 191036, Russian Federation
- Saint-Petersburg State University, 7-9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - V O Polyakova
- Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, 2 Litovskaya str., St. Petersburg 194100, Russian Federation
- Saint-Petersburg State University, 7-9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - N S Linkova
- Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, 3 pr. Dynamo, St. Petersburg 197110, Russian Federation, e-mail:
- Academy of Postgraduate Education, 91 Volokolamskoye shosse, Moscow 125371, Russian Federation
- Belgorod National Research University, 85 Pobedy str., Belgorod 308009, Russian Federation
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Ivko OM, Linkova NS, Ilina AR, Sharova AA, Ryzhak GA. [AEDG peptide regulates human circadian rhythms genes expression during pineal gland accelerated aging.]. Adv Gerontol 2020; 33:429-435. [PMID: 33280326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Night work provides biorhythms desynchronization, disorder of melatonin-producing function and accelerated pineal gland aging. One of the promising geroprotectors restoring the pineal melatonin synthesis is the AEDG (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) peptide. AEDG peptide increases in 1,7 times the 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (6-SOMT) excretion in the urine of middle-aged people. Moreover, AEDG peptide normalized circadian Clock and Csnk1e genes hyper expression in leukocytes in 1,9-2,1 times and increases the Cry2 gene hypo expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes in 2 times in people with reduced melatonin-producing epiphysis function. The geroprotective effect of the AEDG peptide is based on its ability to restore the epiphysis melatonin-producing function by means regulation of human circadian genes expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- O M Ivko
- Institute of Predictive Medicine, 182 Amathus Ave., Galaxia Sea View, office 3-4, Limassol 3022, Cyprus
- Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, 3 pr. Dinamo, St. Petersburg 197110, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - N S Linkova
- Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, 3 pr. Dinamo, St. Petersburg 197110, Russian Federation, e-mail:
- Academy of Postgraduate Education, 91 Volokolamskoe shosse, Moscow 125371, Russian Federation
| | - A R Ilina
- Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, 3 pr. Dinamo, St. Petersburg 197110, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - A A Sharova
- Academy of Postgraduate Education, 91 Volokolamskoe shosse, Moscow 125371, Russian Federation
| | - G A Ryzhak
- Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, 3 pr. Dinamo, St. Petersburg 197110, Russian Federation, e-mail:
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40
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Renthlei Z, Trivedi AK. Effect of urban environment on pineal machinery and clock genes expression of tree sparrow (Passer montanus). Environ Pollut 2019; 255:113278. [PMID: 31574394 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Increasing urbanisation is altering the physiology of wild animals and the mechanisms involved are largely unknown. We hypothesised that altering the physiology of urban organisms is due to the effect of extra light at night on the circadian clock by modulating the expression of pineal machinery and clock genes. Two experiments were performed. In Experiment 1, immediately after being procured from their respective sites (urban and rural sites), birds were released individually in LLdim light conditions. Circadian rhythm period, activity duration, and total activity count were calculated and did not differ between urban and rural birds. In Experiment 2, birds (from urban and rural habitats) were sampled at six time points at regular 4-h intervals, beginning 1 h after sunrise. We measured daily variations in plasma melatonin levels. We also analysed the expression levels of Aanat, Mel1A and Mel1B as an indicator of melatonin biosynthesis and action machinery. Clock and clock-controlled genes (Bmal1, Clock, Per2, Per3, Cry1 and Npas2) were studied in the hypothalamus, the pineal gland, and retina to investigate the effects of urban habitats on the circadian clock. Our results show that there is a lower expression of Aanat in the pineal gland and relatively low plasma melatonin levels in urban birds. Further, clock genes are also differentially expressed in all three central tissues of urban birds. We propose that alterations in the melatonin biosynthesis machinery and the expression of clock genes could result in miscalculations in the internal timing of the organism, with environmental timings leading to altered physiology in urban wild animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amit Kumar Trivedi
- Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 976004, India.
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Semenenko SB, Karatieieva SY, Bakun OV, Slobodian KV, Yurkiv OI. Peculiairities of the functioning circadian organization the ion-regulating function of kidney under the condition of pineal gland hyperfunction of the influence nitrogen monoxide synthesis blockade. Wiad Lek 2019; 72:234-238. [PMID: 30903779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our work was to investigate the peculiarities of the functioning circadian organization the ion-regulating function of pineal gland hyperfunction of the influence nitrogen monoxide synthesis blockade. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: The experiments were conducted on 72 mature non-linear albino male rats with their body mass 0,15-0,18 kg. The control group included animals (n=36) kept under conditions of usual light regimen (12.00L:12.00D) during 7 days. The experimental group included animals (n=36) injected with N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) in the dose of 20 mg/kg during 7 days under conditions of continuous absolute darkness (12.00D:12.00D). On the 8th day the animals were exposed to 5% water load with heated to room temperature water supplied and the parameters of the kidney ion-regulating function under conditions of forced diuresis were investigated. RESULTS Results and conclusions: The obtained results of the performed blockade nitrogen monoxide (NO) synthesis in conditions of hyperfunction of the brain epiphysis allow to conclude that the daily mean of the rate of excretion of sodium ions decreases in comparison with the animals that were kept under pineal gland (PG) hyperfunction of the filtration fraction and reabsorption of sodium ions are reduced compared to the control animals and rats which were kept under conditions of PG hyperfunction and accompanied by stable indicators of the concentration the specified cation in the blood plasma during the observation period. The action of the blockade NO synthesis in conditions of PG hyperfunction leads to a decrease in the distal transport bridge of sodium ions with a maximum in the day and night intervals of the day the position of the acro- and batiphase of the rhythm changes as compared with the control animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana B Semenenko
- Higher State Educational Institution of Ukraine "Bukovinian State Medical University", Chernivtsi, Ukraine
| | - Svitlana Y Karatieieva
- Higher State Educational Institution of Ukraine "Bukovinian State Medical University", Chernivtsi, Ukraine
| | - Oksana V Bakun
- Higher State Educational Institution of Ukraine "Bukovinian State Medical University", Chernivtsi, Ukraine
| | - Ksenia V Slobodian
- Higher State Educational Institution of Ukraine "Bukovinian State Medical University", Chernivtsi, Ukraine
| | - Oksana I Yurkiv
- Higher State Educational Institution of Ukraine "Bukovinian State Medical University", Chernivtsi, Ukraine
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Jandorf S, Belal T, Christakopoulos C. [Parinaud syndrome caused by corpus pineale tumour in a 14-year-old boy]. Ugeskr Laeger 2018; 180:V05180314. [PMID: 30417817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Parinaud syndrome (PS) can manifest in a pineal tumour. Major components of PS include restriction of gazing upwards, light-near dissociation and convergence retraction nystagmus. A 14-year-old boy presented with diplopia and restricted ability to gaze upwards. The objective examination revealed signs, which were compatible with the major manifestations of PS. A magnetic resonance scan (MRI) of cerebrum indicated pinealoma, and a pathological examination identified the lesion as a germ cell carcinoma. The patient received chemotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery. The ophthalmic symptoms improved, and a follow-up MRI demonstrated complete regression of the tumour.
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Jandorf S, Belal T, Christakopoulos C. [Parinaud syndrome caused by corpus pineale tumour in a 14-year-old boy]. Ugeskr Laeger 2018; 180:V05180314. [PMID: 30375957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Parinaud syndrome (PS) can manifest in a pineal tumour. Major components of PS include restriction of gazing upwards, light-near dissociation and convergence retraction nystagmus. A 14-year-old boy presented with diplopia and restricted ability to gaze upwards. The objective examination revealed signs, which were compatible with the major manifestations of PS. A magnetic resonance scan (MRI) of cerebrum indicated pinealoma, and a pathological examination identified the lesion as a germ cell carcinoma. The patient received chemotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery. The ophthalmic symptoms improved, and a follow-up MRI demonstrated complete regression of the tumour.
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Abstract
Retinoblastoma and intracranial tumors are rarely found together. Here we report on a case with unilateral retinoblastoma and pineal tumor without symptoms of an intracranial mass at the time of diagnosis. The patient was found to have a retinoblastoma of the other eye at the 10th month of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Varan
- Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Ankara, Turkey
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45
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Valentini L, Bogni A, Bombardieri E, Broggi G, Pluchino F. Placental Alkaline Phosphatase in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients Affected by Pineal Region Neoplasms. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 6:195-6. [PMID: 1791314 DOI: 10.1177/172460089100600311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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46
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de Noriega Echevarría Í, Andión M, Hinojosa J, Lassaletta A. [Growing teratoma syndrome]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2018; 89:316-317. [PMID: 29426668 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maitane Andión
- Servicio de Hemato-Oncología Pediátrica, Hospital Infantil Universitario del Niño Jesús, Madrid, España
| | - José Hinojosa
- Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Infantil Universitario del Niño Jesús, Madrid, España
| | - Alvaro Lassaletta
- Servicio de Hemato-Oncología Pediátrica, Hospital Infantil Universitario del Niño Jesús, Madrid, España.
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Serova NK, Butenko EI, Konovalov AN, Grigor'eva NN, Pitskhelauri DI, Abramov IT, Danilov GV. [Preoperative and postoperative ophthalmic symptoms in patients with space-occupying lesions of the midbrain and pineal region]. Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko 2018; 82:42-47. [PMID: 29927424 DOI: 10.17116/neiro201882342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The most common clinical manifestations of space-occupying lesions of the midbrain and pineal region are oculomotor and pupil disorders and ophthalmoscopic signs of intracranial hypertension. PURPOSE To identify patterns of neuro-ophthalmic symptoms before and after surgical treatment in patients with space-occupying lesions of the midbrain and pineal region. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed neurological symptoms in 231 patients with space-occupying lesions of the midbrain and pineal region before and after surgical treatment. Malignant tumors were detected in 121 patients; benign tumors were present in 73 patients; 37 patients were diagnosed with pineal gland cysts. Patients with suspicion of germinoma underwent a tumor biopsy only; the other patients underwent tumor resection. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Before surgery, oculomotor and pupil disorders were detected in more than half of the (67%) patients; ophthalmoscopic signs of intracranial hypertension were present in 38% of the patients. Neuro-ophthalmic symptoms significantly more often occurred in patients with malignant tumors. Midbrain symptoms were significantly more pronounced in germ cell tumors than in other malignant neoplasms. In the early postoperative period after tumor resection, deterioration of oculomotor and pupillary functions occurred in 46% of cases; there were no changes in 51% of cases; improvement occurred in 3% of cases. After tumor biopsy, symptoms in all patients with germinomas remained at the preoperative level. Developed symptoms partially regressed in the long-term period, and finally, only 29% of patients had deterioration of oculomotor and pupillary functions compared to the preoperative level.
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Affiliation(s)
- N K Serova
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, 4-ya Tverskaya-Yamskaya Str., 16, Moscow, Russia, 125047
| | - E I Butenko
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, 4-ya Tverskaya-Yamskaya Str., 16, Moscow, Russia, 125047
| | - A N Konovalov
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, 4-ya Tverskaya-Yamskaya Str., 16, Moscow, Russia, 125047
| | - N N Grigor'eva
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, 4-ya Tverskaya-Yamskaya Str., 16, Moscow, Russia, 125047
| | - D I Pitskhelauri
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, 4-ya Tverskaya-Yamskaya Str., 16, Moscow, Russia, 125047
| | - I T Abramov
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, 4-ya Tverskaya-Yamskaya Str., 16, Moscow, Russia, 125047
| | - G V Danilov
- Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, 4-ya Tverskaya-Yamskaya Str., 16, Moscow, Russia, 125047
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Koziorowska A, Pasiud E, Fila M, Romerowicz-Misielak M. The impact of electromagnetic field at a frequency of 50 Hz and a magnetic induction of 2.5 mT on viability of pineal cells in vitro. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2016; 30:1067-1072. [PMID: 28078855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The impact of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on the pineal gland has been described in numerous studies, but many questions still remain unanswered. The aim of the experiment described in this study was to evaluate the effect of EMF on the viability of the pineal gland cells of pig in vitro. Primary culture of the pineal gland cells has been exposed to the influence of an EMF at a frequency of 50 Hz with 1, 2 or 3 hours and for 3 hours every 2 or 3 days. After the experiment, viability of cells was assessed by MTT assay and compared to a control culture not exposed to electromagnetic fields. We noticed that in respect to the control, exposure of the cells to the EMF induced a significant increase in viability of cells at 2 and 3 hours of exposure. After three days of 3-hour exposure to EMF, we observed a significant decrease in cell viability in relation to the control. The results of these studies suggest that EMF can have a significant biological effect on the cells of the pineal gland in a time-dependent exposure to its action.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Koziorowska
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Poland
| | - E Pasiud
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Poland
| | - M Fila
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Poland
| | - M Romerowicz-Misielak
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Poland
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Yokoo H. [Tumors of the pineal region]. Nihon Rinsho 2016; 74 Suppl 7:238-241. [PMID: 30634761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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Abstract
Pineal region tumours represent a colourful, challenging peculiarity of brain pathology. Views on their management are still much divided and controversial. Data of fifty patients with the whole palette of these tumours seen in the National Institute of Neurosurgery have been analysed in view of the result of management versus histology of these tumours. Findings of tumour marker studies have not at all been conclusive in predicting histology and outcome, however, cytology of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), if positive, pointed toward a very gloomy management result in all cases. Merits of infratentorial-supracerebellar, occipito-transtentorial approaches of direct surgery, palliative interventions and their timing, as well as that of irradiation are discussed in comparison with opinions and arguments from the literature. Shunt procedures alone proved to be dangerous in some cases by evoking haemorrhagic complications. In carefully selected cases microsurgical intervention gave the best possible results in expansively growing pineal region tumours. There is still place for irradiation and chemotherapy, again, in certain types of mass lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Czirják
- National Institute of Neurosurgery, Postgraduate Medical University, Budapest, Hungary
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