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Thibaudin M, Roussot N, Burlot C, Schmitt A, Vincent J, Tharin Z, Bengrine L, Bellio H, Bertaut A, Hampe L, Daumoine S, Rederstorff E, Peroz M, Huppe T, Derangère V, Rageot D, Simard J, Truntzer C, Fumet JD, Ghiringhelli F. Safety and efficacy of trifluridine/tipiracil +/- bevacizumab plus XB2001 (anti-IL-1α antibody): a single-center phase 1 trial. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2025; 10:22. [PMID: 39820336 PMCID: PMC11739593 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-02116-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2024] [Revised: 11/26/2024] [Accepted: 12/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2025] Open
Abstract
In the tumour microenvironment, IL-1α promotes neoangiogenesis, matrix remodelling, tumour proliferation, chemoresistance, and metastases. Highly expressed in human colorectal cancers, IL-1α is associated with poor prognosis. XB2001, a fully human monoclonal antibody neutralizing IL-1α, was evaluated for safety and preliminary efficacy with trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) and bevacizumab in metastatic colorectal cancer patients previously treated with oxaliplatin- and irinotecan-based chemotherapies. This single institution, phase 1 study used a 3 + 3 design to assess XB2001 at doses of 250 mg, 500 mg and 1000 mg every 14 days, associated with FTD/TPI 35 mg/m² (days 1-5 and 8-12, every 28 days) (NCT05201352). The Maximum Tolerated Dose of XB2001 + FTD/TPI was then associated in combination with bevacizumab (5 mg/kg, days 1 and 15). Safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics were assessed. Seventeen patients (median age: 67.4 years) were enroled. No patient exhibited dose-limiting toxicity at any dose. The most common treatment-related adverse events (TRAE) of any grade (G) were diarrhoea (35.3%), nausea (47.1%) and anaemia (35.3%). G3-4 TRAE were neutropenia (17.6%) hypertension and infection (5.9% each). The RP2D (recommended phase 2 dose) of XB2001 was 1000 mg. The disease control rate was 76%, with 23% of patients achieving an objective response, including one complete response. Response and longer progression-free survival were associated with a decrease in serum IL-6 levels during therapy. High intratumoral IL-1α expression at baseline and CD8/PD-L1 infiltration are associated with a better progression-free survival. The combination of XB2001 with FTD/TPI and bevacizumab is feasible and safe, and showed encouraging clinical activity in chemotherapy-resistant mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Thibaudin
- Centre de Recherche INSERM Center for Translational and Molecular Medicine, 21000, Dijon, France.
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Centre Georges-François Leclerc Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 21000, Dijon, France.
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France.
- Genetic and Immunology Medical Institute, Dijon, France.
| | - Nicolas Roussot
- Centre de Recherche INSERM Center for Translational and Molecular Medicine, 21000, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Centre Georges-François Leclerc Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 21000, Dijon, France
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France
- Genetic and Immunology Medical Institute, Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Chloé Burlot
- Pharmacy Department, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, 1 rue Pr Marion, 21079, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Antonin Schmitt
- Pharmacy Department, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, 1 rue Pr Marion, 21079, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Julie Vincent
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Zoé Tharin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Leila Bengrine
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Hélène Bellio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Aurélie Bertaut
- Methodolgy and biostatistics unit, GF Leclerc Center, Dijon, France
| | - Léa Hampe
- Centre de Recherche INSERM Center for Translational and Molecular Medicine, 21000, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Centre Georges-François Leclerc Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Susy Daumoine
- Centre de Recherche INSERM Center for Translational and Molecular Medicine, 21000, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Centre Georges-François Leclerc Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Emilie Rederstorff
- Clinical research center, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Morgane Peroz
- Centre de Recherche INSERM Center for Translational and Molecular Medicine, 21000, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Centre Georges-François Leclerc Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Titouan Huppe
- Centre de Recherche INSERM Center for Translational and Molecular Medicine, 21000, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Centre Georges-François Leclerc Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Valentin Derangère
- Centre de Recherche INSERM Center for Translational and Molecular Medicine, 21000, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Centre Georges-François Leclerc Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 21000, Dijon, France
- Genetic and Immunology Medical Institute, Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - David Rageot
- Centre de Recherche INSERM Center for Translational and Molecular Medicine, 21000, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Centre Georges-François Leclerc Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 21000, Dijon, France
- Genetic and Immunology Medical Institute, Dijon, France
| | | | - Caroline Truntzer
- Centre de Recherche INSERM Center for Translational and Molecular Medicine, 21000, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Centre Georges-François Leclerc Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Jean David Fumet
- Centre de Recherche INSERM Center for Translational and Molecular Medicine, 21000, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Centre Georges-François Leclerc Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 21000, Dijon, France
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France
- Genetic and Immunology Medical Institute, Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Francois Ghiringhelli
- Centre de Recherche INSERM Center for Translational and Molecular Medicine, 21000, Dijon, France.
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Centre Georges-François Leclerc Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 21000, Dijon, France.
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France.
- Genetic and Immunology Medical Institute, Dijon, France.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000, Dijon, France.
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Gallegos-Arreola MP, Garibaldi-Ríos AF, Gutiérrez-Hurtado IA, Zúñiga-González GM, Figuera LE, Gómez-Meda BC, Puebla-Pérez AM, García-Ortiz JE, Delgado-Saucedo JI, Castro-García PB, Rentería-Ramírez MDJ, Torres-Mendoza BM. Association of Variants in IL-1RN (rs2234663) and IL-1β (rs1143627, rs16944) and Interleukin-1β Levels with Colorectal Cancer: Experimental Study and In Silico Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:1528. [PMID: 39766795 PMCID: PMC11675222 DOI: 10.3390/genes15121528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2024] [Revised: 11/22/2024] [Accepted: 11/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifactorial disease where the inflammatory state is crucial. This study analyzes the association of the IL-1RN (rs2234663) and IL-1β (rs1143627, rs16944) variants and IL-1β levels with CRC. METHODS This study included 230 CRC patients and 256 controls. Genotypes were determined by PCR and plasma IL-1β levels by ELISA. RegulomeDB analyzed the variants' functional impacts, while OncoDB assessed IL-1β and IL-1RN expression's influence on CRC. RESULTS The A1A1 genotype and dominant pattern of the rs2234663 variant were risk factors for CRC, whereas the A1A2 genotype showed a protective effect. The TC genotype of the rs1143627 variant and the T allele of rs16944 were associated with increased risk, whereas the C allele had a protective effect. The A1A1 genotype was associated with stage I-II CRC diagnosis, while the A2A2 genotype was associated with stage III-IV and ethanol consumption. The CC genotype of rs1143627 was associated with people younger than 50 years and tobacco use, and the TCCC genotype was related to stage III-IV stages and metastasis and hemorrhoids (p < 0.05). IL-1β levels were not associated with CRC. In silico analysis revealed that the variants are in located in important regions regulatory of genes. Elevated IL-1B and IL-1RN mRNA levels were found in CRC, linked to clinicopathological features of the disease. CONCLUSIONS The analyzed variants are associated with CRC and may influence gene regulation by being located at critical sites of key genetic regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Patricia Gallegos-Arreola
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.F.G.-R.); (L.E.F.); (J.E.G.-O.); (M.d.J.R.-R.)
| | - Asbiel Felipe Garibaldi-Ríos
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.F.G.-R.); (L.E.F.); (J.E.G.-O.); (M.d.J.R.-R.)
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Itzae Adonaí Gutiérrez-Hurtado
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto de Genética Humana “Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera”, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (I.A.G.-H.); (B.C.G.-M.)
| | - Guillermo Moisés Zúñiga-González
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Sierra Mojada 800, Col. Independencia, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Luis E. Figuera
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.F.G.-R.); (L.E.F.); (J.E.G.-O.); (M.d.J.R.-R.)
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Belinda Claudia Gómez-Meda
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto de Genética Humana “Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera”, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (I.A.G.-H.); (B.C.G.-M.)
| | - Ana María Puebla-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.M.P.-P.); (J.I.D.-S.); (P.B.C.-G.)
| | - José Elías García-Ortiz
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.F.G.-R.); (L.E.F.); (J.E.G.-O.); (M.d.J.R.-R.)
| | - Jorge I. Delgado-Saucedo
- Laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.M.P.-P.); (J.I.D.-S.); (P.B.C.-G.)
| | - Paola Beatriz Castro-García
- Laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.M.P.-P.); (J.I.D.-S.); (P.B.C.-G.)
| | - María de Jesús Rentería-Ramírez
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.F.G.-R.); (L.E.F.); (J.E.G.-O.); (M.d.J.R.-R.)
| | - Blanca Miriam Torres-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Inmunodeficiencias y Retrovirus Humanos, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
- Departamento de Clínicas Médicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
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Fumet JD, Roussot N, Bertaut A, Limagne E, Thibaudin M, Hervieu A, Zanetta S, Borg C, Senellart H, Pernot S, Thuillier F, Carnot A, Mineur L, Chibaudel B, Touchefeu Y, Martin-Babau J, Jary M, Labourey JL, Rederstorff E, Lepage C, Ghiringhelli F. Phase I/II study of trifluridine/tipiracil plus XB2001 versus trifluridine/tipiracil in metastatic colorectal cancer. Future Oncol 2024; 20:3077-3085. [PMID: 39530624 DOI: 10.1080/14796694.2024.2415280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Trifluridine/tipiracil-bevacizumab is a standard of care in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) after chemotherapy failure. We aim to assess the addition of XB2001 (anti-IL-1 alpha monoclonal antibody) plus trifluridine/tipiracil-bevacizumab in mCRC refractory to standard chemotherapy.Methods: This multicenter, randomized, double blind, non-comparative Phase I-II study (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05201352) will assess the efficacy and safety of trifluridine/tipiracil-bevacizumab and XB2001 in patients with mCRC previously treated for metastatic disease by chemotherapy treatment including oxaliplatin, irinotecan, 5-FU, antiangiogenic and/or anti-EGFR if indicated. Primary end point of Phase I is the safety according to the Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of XB2001. Primary end point of Phase II is the efficacy of trifluridine/tipiracil-bevacizumab + XB2001 in term of 6-month overall survival. Ancillary analysis will be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-David Fumet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center GF Leclerc, Dijon, France
- Research Platform in Biological Oncology, Dijon, France
- University of Burgundy-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Nicolas Roussot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center GF Leclerc, Dijon, France
- Research Platform in Biological Oncology, Dijon, France
- University of Burgundy-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
- UMR INSERM 1231, Dijon, France
| | - Aurélie Bertaut
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Georges François Leclerc Center, Dijon, France
| | - Emeric Limagne
- Research Platform in Biological Oncology, Dijon, France
- University of Burgundy-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
- UMR INSERM 1231, Dijon, France
| | - Marion Thibaudin
- Research Platform in Biological Oncology, Dijon, France
- University of Burgundy-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
- UMR INSERM 1231, Dijon, France
| | - Alice Hervieu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center GF Leclerc, Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Dermatology-Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Sylvie Zanetta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center GF Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Christophe Borg
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Besancon, Besancon, France
| | - Hélène Senellart
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint Herblain, France
| | - Simon Pernot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | - Frédéric Thuillier
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Aurélien Carnot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France
| | - Laurent Mineur
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Sainte Catherine, Avignon, France
| | - Benoist Chibaudel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Franco-British Institute, Levallois-Perret, France
| | - Yann Touchefeu
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif (IMAD), Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Inserm CIC 1413, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Jérome Martin-Babau
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hopital privé des Cotes D'Armor, Plérin, France
| | - Marine Jary
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Luc Labourey
- Department of Medical Oncology, Carcassonne Hospital, Carcassonne, France
| | - Emilie Rederstorff
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Georges François Leclerc Center, Dijon, France
| | | | - Francois Ghiringhelli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center GF Leclerc, Dijon, France
- Research Platform in Biological Oncology, Dijon, France
- GIMI Genetic & Immunology Medical Institute, Dijon, France
- University of Burgundy-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
- UMR INSERM 1231, Dijon, France
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Lurje I, Gaisa NT, Dahl E, Knüchel R, Strnad P, Trautwein C, Tacke F, Neumann UP, Czigany Z, Lurje G. Genetic polymorphisms in interleukin-1β (rs1143634) and interleukin-8 (rs4073) are associated with survival after resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12283. [PMID: 37507547 PMCID: PMC10382511 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39487-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a rare, understudied primary hepatic malignancy with dismal outcomes. Aiming to identify prognostically relevant single-nucleotide polymorphisms, we analyzed 11 genetic variants with a role in tumor-promoting inflammation (VEGF, EGF, EGFR, IL-1B, IL-6, CXCL8 (IL-8), IL-10, CXCR1, HIF1A and PTGS2 (COX-2) genes) and their association with disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients undergoing curative-intent surgery for iCCA. Genomic DNA was isolated from 112 patients (64 female, 48 male) with iCCA. Germline polymorphisms were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism protocols. The IL-1B +3954 C/C (73/112, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.735, p = 0.012) and the IL-8 -251 T/A or A/A (53/112 and 16/112, HR = 2.001 and 1.1777, p = 0.026) genotypes were associated with shorter OS in univariable and multivariable analysis. The IL-1B +3954 polymorphism was also associated with shorter DFS (HR = 1.983, p = 0.012), but this effect was not sustained in the multivariable model. A genetic risk model of 0, 1 and 2 unfavorable alleles was established and confirmed in multivariable analysis. This study supports the prognostic role of the IL-1B C+3954T and the IL-8 T-251A variant as outcome markers in iCCA patients, identifying patient subgroups at higher risk for dismal clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Lurje
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Charité Mitte | Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Edgar Dahl
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ruth Knüchel
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Pavel Strnad
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Charité Mitte | Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulf Peter Neumann
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Zoltan Czigany
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte | Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Lurje
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte | Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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Singh RD, Dholariya S, Shekher A, Avadhesh, Parchwani D, Gupta SC. Role of IL-1 gene polymorphisms in common solid cancers. MULTIFACETED ROLE OF IL-1 IN CANCER AND INFLAMMATION 2023:1-69. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-824273-5.00002-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2025]
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6
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Yang J, Gao S, Qiu M, Kan S. Integrated Analysis of Gene Expression and Metabolite Data Reveals Candidate Molecular Markers in Colorectal Carcinoma. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2022; 37:907-916. [PMID: 33259728 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2020.3980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study investigated potential gene targets and metabolite markers associated with colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Materials & Methods: Gene expression data (GSE110224) related with CRC were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus, including 17 tumor tissues and 17 normal colon ones. The gene differential analysis, functional analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, and metabolite network construction were performed to identify key genes related to CRC. Moreover, an external dataset was used to validate genes of interest in CRC, and corresponding survival analysis was also conducted. Results: The authors extracted 197 differentially expressed genes (75 upregulated and 122 downregulated genes). Moreover, upregulated genes were closely associated with rheumatoid arthritis and amoebiasis pathways. The downregulated genes were mainly related to bile secretion and proximal tubule bicarbonate reclamation pathway. Combined with PPI network and metabolite prediction, the overlapped nine genes (CXCL1, CXCL8, CXCL10, HDS1782, IL18, PCK1, PTGS2, SERPINB2, TMP1) were found to be critical in CRC. Similar gene expression profiles of nine critical genes were validated by an external dataset, except for SERPINB2. In addition, the expressions of TIMP1, IL1B, and PTGS2 were closely related with prognosis. Finally, the metabolite network analysis revealed that there were close associations between prostaglandin E2 and three pathways (rheumatoid arthritis, amoebiasis, and leishmaniasis). Conclusion: CXCL1/CXCL8/IL1B/PTGS2-prostaglandin E2 axes were the potential signatures involved in CRC progression, which could provide new insights to understand the molecular mechanisms of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsheng Yang
- Department of Oncology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang City, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Oncology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang City, China
| | - Meiqing Qiu
- Department of Oncology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang City, China
| | - Shifeng Kan
- Department of Oncology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang City, China
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Xie J, Zhang Y, Jiang L. Role of Interleukin-1 in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer: A brief look at anakinra therapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 105:108577. [PMID: 35121226 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is known as one of the deadliest and most common cancers globally and causes nearly one million cancer deaths yearly. Like many malignancies, the immune system and its components play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of CRC. As multifunction mediators of the immune system, cytokines are involved in several inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) belongs to a family of 11 members and is involved in inflammatory responses. Beyond its biological role as a mediator of innate immune responses, it is also seen in chronic stress and inflammation and numerous pathological states. The role of IL-1 in malignancies can also be very significant because it has recently been shown that this cytokine can also be secreted from tumor cells and induce the recruitment of myeloid-derived immunosuppressive cells. As a result, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is affected and, despite being inflammatory, causes the onset and progression of tumor cells. Since surgery and chemotherapy are the first choices to treat patients with cancer, especially CRC, it is usually not well-prognosed, particularly in patients with metastatic lesions CRC. Therefore, targeted therapy may prolong the overall survival of CRC patients. Furthermore, evidence shows that anakinra has had satisfactory results in treating CRC. Therefore, this review summarized the role of IL-1 in the pathogenesis of CRC as well as immunotherapy based on inhibition of this cytokine in this type of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xie
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Cancer Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014,Zhejiang, China
| | - Luxi Jiang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
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8
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de Jesus JDCR, Murari ASDP, Radloff K, de Moraes RCM, Figuerêdo RG, Pessoa AFM, Rosa-Neto JC, Matos-Neto EM, Alcântara PSM, Tokeshi F, Maximiano LF, Bin FC, Formiga FB, Otoch JP, Seelaender M. Activation of the Adipose Tissue NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway in Cancer Cachexia. Front Immunol 2021; 12:729182. [PMID: 34630405 PMCID: PMC8495409 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.729182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cachexia is a paraneoplastic syndrome that accompanies and compromises cancer treatment, especially in advanced stages, affecting the metabolism and function of several organs. The adipose tissue is the first to respond to the presence of the tumor, contributing to the secretion of factors which drive the systemic inflammation, a hallmark of the syndrome. While inflammation is a defensive innate response, the control mechanisms have been reported to be disrupted in cachexia. On the other hand, little is known about the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in this scenario, a multiprotein complex involved in caspase-1 activation and the processing of the cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Aim based on the evidence from our previous study with a rodent model of cachexia, we examined the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in two adipose tissue depots obtained from patients with colorectal cancer and compared with that another inflammatory pathway, NF-κB. Results For CC we found opposite modulation in ScAT and PtAT for the gene expression of TLR4, Caspase-1 (cachectic group) and for NF-κB p50, NF-κB p65, IL-1β. CD36, expression was decreased in both depots while that of NLRP3 and IL-18 was higher in both tissues, as compared with controls and weight stable patients (WSC). Caspase-1 basal protein levels in the ScAT culture supernatant were higher in WSC and (weight stable patients) CC, when compared to controls. Basal ScAT explant culture medium IL-1β and IL-18 protein content in ScAT supernatant was decreased in the WSC and CC as compared to CTL explants. Conclusions The results demonstrate heterogeneous responses in the activation of genes of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in the adipose tissue of patients with cancer cachexia, rendering this pathway a potential target for therapy aiming at decreasing chronic inflammation in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce de Cassia Rosa de Jesus
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Department of Surgery Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM26), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ariene Soares de Pinho Murari
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Department of Surgery Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM26), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katrin Radloff
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Department of Surgery Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM26), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ruan Carlos Macêdo de Moraes
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Department of Surgery Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM26), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Galvão Figuerêdo
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Department of Surgery Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM26), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Flavia Marçal Pessoa
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Department of Surgery Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM26), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José César Rosa-Neto
- Immunometabolism Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emídio Marques Matos-Neto
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Department of Surgery Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM26), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo S M Alcântara
- University Hospital, Department of Surgical Clinic, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavio Tokeshi
- University Hospital, Department of Surgical Clinic, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Linda Ferreira Maximiano
- University Hospital, Department of Surgical Clinic, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fang Chia Bin
- Department of Coloproctology, Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - José P Otoch
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Department of Surgery Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM26), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,University Hospital, Department of Surgical Clinic, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marilia Seelaender
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Department of Surgery Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM26), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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Jamshidi M, Mohammadi Pour S, Mahmoudian-Sani MR. Single Nucleotide Variants Associated with Colorectal Cancer Among Iranian Patients: A Narrative Review. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2020; 13:167-180. [PMID: 32581566 PMCID: PMC7280057 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s248349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer has been considered as one of the complicated multi-stage processes after adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Therefore, studies of the molecular dysregulation basis could present information on the recognition of the potent biomarkers and treatment targets for this disease. Even though outcomes of the patients with colorectal cancer have been improved largely with current annual screening plans, it is necessary to have reliable prognostic biomarkers because of the disease heterogeneity. There is a significant relationship between SNP in IL1RN* 2 (IL1ra), −509 C/T (TGFB1), rs11556218 T>G and rs4778889 T/C (IL16), miRNA-binding site polymorphisms in IL16, rs4464148 (SMAD7), rs6983267 (EGF), GSTT1, TACG haplotype (CTLA4), 1793G> A (MTHFR), Leu/Leu genotype of (EXO1), −137 G/C (IL18), C/T genotype (XRCC3), I3434T (XRCC7), MGMT, C3435T (MDR1), ff genotype of FokI, 677CT+TT (MTHFR), G2677T/A (MDR1) and CRC. Increased risk has been observed in VDR ApaI genotype “aa”. Finally, the protective effect has been explored in the TACA haplotype (CTLA4). According to the findings, the genetic polymorphisms in the immunity-associated genes are related to the CRC amongst the Iranian patients. Therefore, more large-scale functional investigations are necessary for confirming the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jamshidi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mohammadi Pour
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-Sani
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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10
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Zhang W, Borcherding N, Kolb R. IL-1 Signaling in Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1240:1-23. [PMID: 32060884 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-38315-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin 1 (IL-1) has long been known for its pleiotropic effects on inflammation that plays a complex, and sometimes contrasting, role in different stages of cancer development. As a major proinflammatory cytokine, IL-1β is mainly expressed by innate immune cells. IL-1α, however, is expressed by various cell types under physiological and pathological conditions. IL-1R1 is the main receptor for both ligands and is expressed by various cell types, including innate and adaptive immune cell types, epithelial cells, endothelial cells, adipocytes, chondrocytes, fibroblasts, etc. IL-1 and IL-1R1 receptor interaction leads to a set of common signaling pathways, mainly the NF-kB and MAP kinase pathways, as a result of complex positive and negative regulations. The variety of cell types with IL-1R1 expression dictates the role of IL-1 signaling at different stages of cancer, which under certain circumstances leads to contrasting roles in tumor development. Recent availability of IL-1R1 conditional knockout mouse model has made it possible to dissect the role of IL-1/IL-1R1 signaling transduction in different cell types within the tumor microenvironment. This chapter will focus on the role of IL-1/IL-1R1 in different cell types within the tumor microenvironment and discuss the potential of targeting this pathway in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhou Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | | | - Ryan Kolb
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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11
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Yu L, Gao L. Human Pathway-Based Disease Network. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2019; 16:1240-1249. [PMID: 29990107 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2017.2774802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Constructing disease-disease similarity network is important in elucidating the associations between the origin and molecular mechanism of diseases, and in researching disease function and medical research. In this paper, we use a high-quality protein interaction network and a collection of pathway databases to construct a Human Pathway-based Disease Network (HPDN) to explore the relationship between diseases and their intrinsic interactions. We find that the similarity of two diseases has a strong correlation with the number of their shared functional pathways and the interaction between their related gene sets. Comparing HPDN with disease networks based on genes and symptoms respectively, we find the three networks have high overlap rates. Additionally, HPDN can predict new disease-disease correlations, which are supported by Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) benchmark and large-scale biomedical literature database. The comprehensive, high-quality relations between diseases based on pathways can further be applied to study important matters in systems medicine, for instance, drug repurposing. Based on a dense subgraph in our network, we find two drugs, prednisone and folic acid, may have new indications, which will provide potential directions for the treatments of complex diseases.
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12
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Zhang R, Zhu X, Bai H, Ning K. Network Pharmacology Databases for Traditional Chinese Medicine: Review and Assessment. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:123. [PMID: 30846939 PMCID: PMC6393382 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 749] [Impact Index Per Article: 124.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The research field of systems biology has greatly advanced and, as a result, the concept of network pharmacology has been developed. This advancement, in turn, has shifted the paradigm from a “one-target, one-drug” mode to a “network-target, multiple-component-therapeutics” mode. Network pharmacology is more effective for establishing a “compound-protein/gene-disease” network and revealing the regulation principles of small molecules in a high-throughput manner. This approach makes it very powerful for the analysis of drug combinations, especially Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) preparations. In this work, we first summarized the databases and tools currently used for TCM research. Second, we focused on several representative applications of network pharmacology for TCM research, including studies on TCM compatibility, TCM target prediction, and TCM network toxicology research. Third, we compared the general statistics of several current TCM databases and evaluated and compared the search results of these databases based on 10 famous herbs. In summary, network pharmacology is a rational approach for TCM studies, and with the development of TCM research, powerful and comprehensive TCM databases have emerged but need further improvements. Additionally, given that several diseases could be treated by TCMs, with the mediation of gut microbiota, future studies should focus on both the microbiome and TCMs to better understand and treat microbiome-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzhi Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Bai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kang Ning
- School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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13
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Isambert N, Hervieu A, Rébé C, Hennequin A, Borg C, Zanetta S, Chevriaux A, Richard C, Derangère V, Limagne E, Blanc J, Bertaut A, Ghiringhelli F. Fluorouracil and bevacizumab plus anakinra for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer refractory to standard therapies (IRAFU): a single-arm phase 2 study. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1474319. [PMID: 30228942 PMCID: PMC6140586 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1474319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In preclinical models, IL-1β inhibition could enhance the efficacy of fluorouracil (5-FU). In this phase 2 study, we assessed the activity and safety of 5-FU plus bevacizumab and anakinra (an IL-1β and α inhibitor) in patients with metastatic colorectal (mCRC) refractory to chemotherapy and anti-angiogenic therapy. Eligible patients had unresectable mCRC; were refractory or intolerant to fluoropyrimidine, irinotecan, oxaliplatin, anti-VEGF therapy, and anti-EGFR therapy (for tumors with wild-type KRAS). Patients were treated with a simplified acid folinic plus 5-FU regimen and bevacizumab (5 mg/kg) both administered by intravenous infusion for 30 min every 2 weeks. Anakinra (100 mg) was injected subcutaneously once daily. The primary endpoint was the 2-month response rate determined upon CHOI criteria. Thirty two patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were enrolled. Five patients demonstrated response (Choi criteria) and 22 patients had stable disease as the best 2-month overall response. Median progression-free and overall survival were 5.4 (95% CI, 3.6-6.6) and 14.5 months (95% CI, 9-20.6) respectively. Twenty patients experienced grade 3 toxicity. No grade 4 or 5 toxicity related to therapy occurred. The most common grade 3 adverse events were neutropenia in 8 (25%) patients, digestive side effects in 7 (21.9%) patients and hypertension in 6 (18.75%) patients. No treatment-related deaths or serious adverse events were reported.5-FU plus bevacizumab and anakinra has promising activity and a manageable safety profile, suggesting that this combination might become a potential treatment option for patients with refractory mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Isambert
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Alice Hervieu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Cedric Rébé
- Platform of Transfer in Biological Oncology, Dijon, France
| | - Audrey Hennequin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Christophe Borg
- University Hospital of Besançon and CIC-BT506, Besancon, France
| | - Sylvie Zanetta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | | | | | | | - Emeric Limagne
- Platform of Transfer in Biological Oncology, Dijon, France
| | - Julie Blanc
- Unit of Methodology and Biostatistics, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Aurélie Bertaut
- Unit of Methodology and Biostatistics, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- Platform of Transfer in Biological Oncology, Dijon, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, CADIR Team INSERM. CRI-1231, Dijon, France.,University of Burgundy and Franche Comté, Dijon, France
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14
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Genetic variants in the VEGF pathway as prognostic factors in stages II and III colon cancer. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2017; 18:556-564. [DOI: 10.1038/s41397-017-0009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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15
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Xuan Y, Wang YN. Hypoxia/IL-1α axis promotes gastric cancer progression and drug resistance. J Dig Dis 2017; 18:511-520. [PMID: 28608600 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The microenvironment of tumors constitutes a unique niche that promotes cancer metastasis and resistance. Two remarkable characteristics of this microenvironment are hypoxia and inflammation. Interleukin-1α (IL-1α), an important inflammatory factor, is frequently upregulated in a variety of cancers. This study aimed to investigate the expression of IL-1α in gastric cancer (GC) and explore the relationship between IL-1α and hypoxia. METHODS Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to characterize IL-1α expression in different GC cell lines under normoxia or hypoxia. IL-1α expression was characterized in relation to tumor stage and lymph node metastasis of GC and the survival of patients. The effect of IL-1α knockdown under normoxia or hypoxia on cell proliferation, migration and sensitivity to cisplatin was also evaluated. Additionally, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression in KATO-III cells was either upregulated by ectopic HIF-1α expression or downregulated through shHIF-1α transfection, the effects of which on IL-1α expression was subsequently evaluated. RESULTS There was a positive correlation between IL-1α, which was upregulated during hypoxia, and tumor stage, lymph node metastasis and resistance to cisplatin in GC. IL-1α was regulated by HIF1α, and a change in HIF1α expression altered the tumor-promoting effect of IL-1α. CONCLUSION The IL-1α/hypoxia axis may be a valuable target for diagnosis and treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xuan
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Nong Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Torrealba N, Rodríguez-Berriguete G, Fraile B, Olmedilla G, Martínez-Onsurbe P, Guil-Cid M, Paniagua R, Royuela M. Expression of several cytokines in prostate cancer: Correlation with clinical variables of patients. Relationship with biochemical progression of the malignance. Cytokine 2016; 89:105-115. [PMID: 27527810 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work is focused on finding new markers that complement or diagnoses currently used towards improving knowledge histological and statistical aspects that allow us to predict the local stage carcinomas and to identify and understand all the factors related to the progression of this disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prostates were obtained from: normal prostates from 20 men, diagnosis of BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia) from 35 men and prostate cancer from 86 men. We studied the behavior of cytokines that have been implicated in inflammatory processes: TNF-alfa, IL-6, IL-1, EGF and TGF-B. Expression of these cytokines and its receptors was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Spearman's test, Kaplan-Meier curves, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Spearman's analysis showed that there was at least one correlation between TGFB-B, IL-6, gp-130, IL-1B, IL-1R, IL-1RII and clinic pathological feature (preoperative serum PSA, clinical t stage, pathological t stage, positive surgical margins, biochemical progression, survival). Immunostaining score was correlated with some of the clinicopathological feature. In Cox multivariate analysis between the prognostic variables (pathological T stage, Gleason score and lymph node) and immunohistochemical parameters (TGF-B, IL-1a, intensity TGFBRI and intensity TGFBRII) only the expression of IL-1a was retained as independent predictors of biochemical progression after radical prostatectomy. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a role for prostatic expression of TGF-B, IL-1a, TGFBRI and TGFBRII as prognostic markers for prostate cancer. The rational combination of novel agents directed toward the inactivation of TGF-B, IL-1a, TGFBRI and TGFBRII could disrupt complementary tumor cell proliferation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norelia Torrealba
- Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Alcalá, Spain.
| | | | - Benito Fraile
- Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Alcalá, Spain.
| | - Gabriel Olmedilla
- Department of Pathology, Príncipe de Asturias Hospital, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pilar Martínez-Onsurbe
- Department of Pathology, Príncipe de Asturias Hospital, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Manuel Guil-Cid
- Department of Urology, Príncipe de Asturias Hospital, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ricardo Paniagua
- Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Alcalá, Spain.
| | - Mar Royuela
- Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Alcalá, Spain.
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17
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Dan LA, Werdyani S, Xu J, Shestopaloff K, Hyde A, Dicks E, Younghusband B, Green J, Parfrey P, Xu W, Savas S. No associations of a set of SNPs in the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP) genes with survival of colorectal cancer patients. Cancer Med 2016; 5:2221-31. [PMID: 27334288 PMCID: PMC5055182 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations of genetic variations within select genes functioning in angiogenesis, lymph‐angiogenesis, and metastasis pathways and the risk of outcome in colorectal cancer patients. We followed a two‐stage analysis: First, 381 polymorphisms from 30 genes (eight Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and 22 Matrix Metalloproteinase [MMP] genes) were investigated in the discovery cohort (n = 505). Then, 16 polymorphisms with the lowest P‐value in this analysis were investigated in a separate replication cohort (n = 247). Genotypes were obtained using the Illumina® HumanOmni‐1‐Quad (discovery cohort) and Sequenom MassArray® (replication cohort) platforms. The primary outcome measure was overall survival (OS). Kaplan–Meier, univariate and multivariable Cox regression methods were used to test the associations between genotypes and OS. Four SNPs (rs12365082, rs11225389, rs11225388, and rs2846707) had the univariate analysis P < 0.05 in both the discovery and replication cohorts. These SNPs are in linkage disequilibrium with each other to varying extent and are located in the MMP8 and MMP27 genes. In the multivariable analysis adjusting for age, stage, and microsatellite instability status, three of these SNPs (rs12365082, rs11225389, rs11225388) were independent predictors of OS (P < 0.05) in the discovery cohort. However, the same analysis in the replication cohort did not yield statistically significant results. Overall, while the genetic variations in the VEGF and MMP genes are attractive candidates as prognostic markers, our study showed no evidence of associations of a large set of SNPs in these genes and overall survival of colorectal cancer patients in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia A Dan
- Discipline of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Salem Werdyani
- Discipline of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Jingxiong Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Angela Hyde
- Discipline of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Dicks
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Ban Younghusband
- Discipline of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Jane Green
- Discipline of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Patrick Parfrey
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sevtap Savas
- Discipline of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada. .,Discipline of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.
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18
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Kalmár A, Wichmann B, Galamb O, Spisák S, Tóth K, Leiszter K, Nielsen BS, Barták BK, Tulassay Z, Molnár B. Gene-expression analysis of a colorectal cancer-specific discriminatory transcript set on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples. Diagn Pathol 2015; 10:126. [PMID: 26208990 PMCID: PMC4515026 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-015-0363-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recently published transcript set is suitable for gene expression-based discrimination of normal colonic and colorectal cancer (CRC) biopsy samples. Our aim was to test the discriminatory power of the CRC-specific transcript set on independent biopsies and on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples. METHODS Total RNA isolations were performed with the automated MagNA Pure 96 Cellular RNA Large Volume Kit (Roche) from fresh frozen biopsies stored in RNALater (CRC (n = 15) and healthy colonic (n = 15)), furthermore from FFPE specimens including CRC (n = 15) and normal adjacent tissue (NAT) (n = 15) specimens next to the tumor. After quality and quantity measurements, gene expression analysis of a colorectal cancer-specific marker set with 11 genes (CA7, COL12A1, CXCL1, CXCL2, CHI3L1, GREM1, IL1B, IL1RN, IL8, MMP3, SLC5A7) was performed with array real-time PCR using Transcriptor First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (Roche) and RealTime ready assays on LightCycler480 System (Roche). In situ hybridization for two selected transcripts (CA7, CXCL1) was performed on NAT (n = 3), adenoma (n = 3) and CRC (n = 3) FFPE samples. RESULTS Although analytical parameters of automatically isolated RNA samples showed differences between fresh frozen biopsy and FFPE samples, both quantity and the quality enabled their application in gene expression analyses. CRC and normal fresh frozen biopsy samples could be distinguished with 93.3% sensitivity and 86.7% specificity and FFPE samples with 96.7 and 70.0%, respectively. In situ hybridization could confirm the upregulation of CXCL1 and downregulation of CA7 in colorectal adenomas and tumors compared to healthy controls. CONCLUSION According to our results, gene expression analysis of the analyzed colorectal cancer-specific marker set can also be performed from FFPE tissue material. With the addition of an automated workflow, this marker set may enhance the objective classification of colorectal neoplasias in the routine procedure in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Kalmár
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Molecular Medicine Research Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
- 2nd Department of Medicine Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi str. 46., 1088, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Barnabás Wichmann
- Molecular Medicine Research Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Orsolya Galamb
- Molecular Medicine Research Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Sándor Spisák
- Molecular Medicine Research Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Kinga Tóth
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Katalin Leiszter
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | | | | | - Zsolt Tulassay
- Molecular Medicine Research Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Béla Molnár
- Molecular Medicine Research Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
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19
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De Mattia E, Cecchin E, Toffoli G. Pharmacogenomics of intrinsic and acquired pharmacoresistance in colorectal cancer: Toward targeted personalized therapy. Drug Resist Updat 2015; 20:39-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Fei BY, Lv HX, Cheng YW, Yang JM. Association between the IFN-γ and IL-1 genetic polymorphisms and colorectal cancer in the Chinese Han population. J Genet 2015; 93:235-9. [PMID: 24840847 DOI: 10.1007/s12041-014-0354-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Ying Fei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Province People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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Bahri R, Pateras IS, D'Orlando O, Goyeneche-Patino DA, Campbell M, Polansky JK, Sandig H, Papaioannou M, Evangelou K, Foukas PG, Gorgoulis VG, Bulfone-Paus S. IL-15 suppresses colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis by inducing antitumor immunity. Oncoimmunology 2015; 4:e1002721. [PMID: 26405589 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2014.1002721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-15 regulates the development, survival, and proliferation of multiple innate and adaptive immune cells and plays a dual role, inducing both tumor cell growth and antitumor immunity. However, the role of IL-15 in inflammation-induced cancer remains unclear. To explore this, we have compared the colon carcinoma burden of Il15-/- and Il15rα -/- mice with wild type (WT) mice after induction of colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis utilizing the AOM/DSS model. Compared to WT mice, Il15-/- but not Il15rα -/- mice showed reduced survival, along with higher tumor incidence, colon weight, and tumor size. This suggests that low affinity IL-15 signaling via the shared IL-2Rβ/γc decreases the risk for developing colitis-associated cancer. CD11c-Il15 mice, in which IL-15 expression is reconstituted in Il15-/- mice under the control of the CD11c-promoter, showed that selective reconstitution of IL-15 in antigen-presenting cells restored the CD8+ T and NK cell compartments, serum levels of IFNγ, G-CSF, IL-10, and CXCL1 and reduced tumor burden. After demonstrating IL-15 expression in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in situ, we investigated the role of this cytokine in the modulation of key colonic oncogenic pathways in the tumor. While these pathways were found to be unaltered in the absence of IL-15, tumor transcriptome analysis showed that the loss of IL-15 upregulates key inflammatory mediators associated with colon cancer progression, such as IL-1β, IL-22, IL-23, Cxcl5, and Spp1. These findings provide evidence that IL-15 suppresses colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis through regulation of antitumor cytotoxicity, and modulation of the inflammatory tumor micromilieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajia Bahri
- Institute of Inflammation and Repair and MCCIR; University of Manchester ; Manchester, UK ; Priority Area Asthma and Allergies; Research Center Borstel ; Borstel, Germany
| | - Ioannis S Pateras
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group; Department of Histology & Embryology; School of Medicine; University of Athens ; Athens, Greece
| | - Orietta D'Orlando
- Priority Area Asthma and Allergies; Research Center Borstel ; Borstel, Germany
| | | | - Michelle Campbell
- Institute of Inflammation and Repair and MCCIR; University of Manchester ; Manchester, UK
| | - Julia K Polansky
- Priority Area Asthma and Allergies; Research Center Borstel ; Borstel, Germany
| | - Hilary Sandig
- Institute of Inflammation and Repair and MCCIR; University of Manchester ; Manchester, UK
| | - Marilena Papaioannou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group; Department of Histology & Embryology; School of Medicine; University of Athens ; Athens, Greece
| | - Kostas Evangelou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group; Department of Histology & Embryology; School of Medicine; University of Athens ; Athens, Greece
| | - Periklis G Foukas
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group; Department of Histology & Embryology; School of Medicine; University of Athens ; Athens, Greece ; 2nd Department of Pathology; University of Athens Medical School; "Attikon" University Hospital ; Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis G Gorgoulis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group; Department of Histology & Embryology; School of Medicine; University of Athens ; Athens, Greece ; Biomedical Research Foundation; Academy of Athens ; Athens, Greece ; Faculty Institute for Cancer Sciences; University of Manchester; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre ; Manchester, UK
| | - Silvia Bulfone-Paus
- Institute of Inflammation and Repair and MCCIR; University of Manchester ; Manchester, UK
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22
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Karsani SA, Saihen NA, Zain RB, Cheong SC, Abdul Rahman M. Comparative proteomics analysis of oral cancer cell lines: identification of cancer associated proteins. Proteome Sci 2014; 12:3. [PMID: 24422745 PMCID: PMC3974152 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-12-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A limiting factor in performing proteomics analysis on cancerous cells is the difficulty in obtaining sufficient amounts of starting material. Cell lines can be used as a simplified model system for studying changes that accompany tumorigenesis. This study used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) to compare the whole cell proteome of oral cancer cell lines vs normal cells in an attempt to identify cancer associated proteins. Results Three primary cell cultures of normal cells with a limited lifespan without hTERT immortalization have been successfully established. 2DE was used to compare the whole cell proteome of these cells with that of three oral cancer cell lines. Twenty four protein spots were found to have changed in abundance. MALDI TOF/TOF was then used to determine the identity of these proteins. Identified proteins were classified into seven functional categories – structural proteins, enzymes, regulatory proteins, chaperones and others. IPA core analysis predicted that 18 proteins were related to cancer with involvements in hyperplasia, metastasis, invasion, growth and tumorigenesis. The mRNA expressions of two proteins – 14-3-3 protein sigma and Stress-induced-phosphoprotein 1 – were found to correlate with the corresponding proteins’ abundance. Conclusions The outcome of this analysis demonstrated that a comparative study of whole cell proteome of cancer versus normal cell lines can be used to identify cancer associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiful Anuar Karsani
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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23
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Rodríguez-Berriguete G, Sánchez-Espiridión B, Cansino JR, Olmedilla G, Martínez-Onsurbe P, Sánchez-Chapado M, Paniagua R, Fraile B, Royuela M. Clinical significance of both tumor and stromal expression of components of the IL-1 and TNF-α signaling pathways in prostate cancer. Cytokine 2013; 64:555-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Pellatt AJ, Wolff RK, Torres-Mejia G, John EM, Herrick JS, Lundgreen A, Baumgartner KB, Giuliano AR, Hines LM, Fejerman L, Cawthon R, Slattery ML. Telomere length, telomere-related genes, and breast cancer risk: the breast cancer health disparities study. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2013; 52:595-609. [PMID: 23629941 PMCID: PMC3807250 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are involved in maintaining genomic stability. Previous studies have linked both telomere length (TL) and telomere-related genes with cancer. We evaluated associations between telomere-related genes, TL, and breast cancer risk in an admixed population of US non-Hispanic white (1,481 cases, 1,586 controls) and U.S. Hispanic and Mexican women (2,111 cases, 2,597 controls) from the Breast Cancer Health Disparities Study. TL was assessed in 1,500 women based on their genetic ancestry. TL-related genes assessed were MEN1, MRE11A, RECQL5, TEP1, TERC, TERF2, TERT, TNKS, and TNKS2. Longer TL was associated with increased breast cancer risk [odds ratio (OR) 1.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.38, 2.55], with the highest risk (OR 3.11, 95% CI 1.74, 5.67 p interaction 0.02) among women with high Indigenous American ancestry. Several TL-related single nucleotide polymorphisms had modest association with breast cancer risk overall, including TEP1 rs93886 (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.70,0.95); TERF2 rs3785074 (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.03,1.24); TERT rs4246742 (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.77,0.93); TERT rs10069690 (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.03,1.24); TERT rs2242652 (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.11,2.04); and TNKS rs6990300 (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.81,0.97). Several differences in association were detected by hormone receptor status of tumors. Most notable were associations with TERT rs2736118 (ORadj 6.18, 95% CI 2.90, 13.19) with estrogen receptor negative/progesterone receptor positive (ER-/PR+) tumors and TERT rs2735940 (ORadj 0.73, 95% CI 0.59, 0.91) with ER-/PR- tumors. These data provide support for an association between TL and TL-related genes and risk of breast cancer. The association may be modified by hormone receptor status and genetic ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Pellatt
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah, 383 Colorow, Salt Lake
City, UT 84108
| | - Roger K. Wolff
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah, 383 Colorow, Salt Lake
City, UT 84108
| | - Gabriela Torres-Mejia
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro de
Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Av. Universidad No. 655, Col. Sta. Ma.
Ahuacatitlán,Cuernavaca Morelos CP 62100, México
| | - Esther M. John
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA
- Division of Epidemiology Department of Health Research and Policy,
and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford,
CA
| | - Jennifer S. Herrick
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah, 383 Colorow, Salt Lake
City, UT 84108
| | - Abbie Lundgreen
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah, 383 Colorow, Salt Lake
City, UT 84108
| | - Kathy B. Baumgartner
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public
Health & Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville,
KY
| | | | - Lisa M. Hines
- Department of Biology, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs,
1420 Austin Bluffs Parkway, Colorado Springs, CO 80907
| | - Laura Fejerman
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine,
Institute for Human Genetics and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center,
UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Richard Cawthon
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
UT
| | - Martha L. Slattery
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah, 383 Colorow, Salt Lake
City, UT 84108
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25
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Slattery ML, Lundgreen A, Wolff RK. VEGFA, FLT1, KDR and colorectal cancer: assessment of disease risk, tumor molecular phenotype, and survival. Mol Carcinog 2013; 53 Suppl 1:E140-50. [PMID: 23794399 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is essential for tumor progression. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) and its receptors 1 (FLT1) and 2 (KDR), have been identified as major mediators of this process. We hypothesized that genetic variation in FLT1 (38 SNPs), KDR (22 SNPS), and VEGFA (11 SNPs) would be associated with colon and rectal cancer development and survival. Data from a case-control study of 1555 colon cancer cases and 1956 controls and 754 rectal cancer cases and 959 controls were used. An adaptive rank truncation product (ARTP), based on 10,000 permutations, was used to determine the statistical significance of the candidate genes and angiogenesis pathway. Based on ARTP results, FLT1 was significantly associated with risk of colon cancer (P(ARTP) = 0.045) and VEGFA was significantly associated with rectal cancer (P(ARTP) = 0.036). After stratifying by tumor molecular subtype, SNP associations observed for colon cancer were: VEGFA rs2010963 with CIMP+ colon tumors; FLT1 rs4771249 and rs7987649 with TP53; FLT1 rs3751397, rs7337610, rs7987649, and rs9513008 and KDR rs10020464, rs11941492, and rs12498529 with MSI+ and CIMP+/KRAS2-mutated tumors. FLT1 rs2296189 and rs600640 were associated with CIMP+ rectal tumors and FLT1 rs7983774 was associated with TP53-mutated rectal tumors. Four SNPs in FLT1 were associated with colon cancer survival while three SNPs in KDR were associated with survival after diagnosis with rectal cancer. Aspirin/NSAID use, smoking cigarettes, and BMI modified the associations. These findings suggest the importance of inflammation and angiogenesis in the etiology of colorectal cancer and that genetic and lifestyle factors may be targets for modulating disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha L Slattery
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
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26
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Sousa H, Breda E, Santos AM, Catarino R, Pinto D, Canedo P, Machado JC, Medeiros R. IL-1RN VNTR polymorphism as a susceptibility marker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Portugal. Arch Oral Biol 2013; 58:1040-6. [PMID: 23562526 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare malignancy in Western countries that is widely associated with the infection by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Several studies have showed that a common allele (allele 2) of the 86-bp variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism within intron 2 of the interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RN) gene is associated with several disorders, including viral-associated cancers. METHODS We have developed a hospital-based case-control study to characterise the role of the IL-1RN 86-bp VNTR polymorphism in the development of NPC with 112 patients with the disease and 433 healthy individuals from the northern region of Portugal. IL-1RN genotypes were combined according to the number of repeats: allele 2 (A2), the short allele that corresponds to two repeats, and L, the long allele that corresponds to three or more repeats. RESULTS Our study revealed that 31.2% of NPC patients were IL-1RN A2*A2, compared with 9.7% observed in the control group. The statistical analysis revealed that IL-1RN*A2 homozygosity for the A2 allele was associated with a fourfold increased risk for NPC development (p<0.001). Additionally, cumulative hazard analysis revealed that estimated median age of onset of NPC is significantly (p<0.001) different for A2*A2 homozygous versus non-A2*A2 (57.0 vs. 74.0, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to evaluate the role of the IL-1RN VNTR in NPC development in Portugal. Our study indicates IL-1RN*A2 homozygosity as a significant risk marker in our population and that it should be further investigated for the potential role in the definition of a susceptibility profile for NPC onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Sousa
- Molecular Oncology Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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27
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Burada F, Dumitrescu T, Nicoli R, Ciurea ME, Angelescu C, Mixich F, Ioana M. IL-1RN +2018T>C polymorphism is correlated with colorectal cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2013; 40:2851-2857. [PMID: 23192617 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2300-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental evidence indicates chronic inflammation as a risk factor for colorectal cancer. We investigated whether IL-1B -511C>T (rs16944), IL-1B +3954C>T (rs1143634) and IL1-RN +2018T>C (rs419598) cytokine polymorphisms are correlated with colorectal cancer. Blood samples were obtained from 377 Romanian subjects: 144 patients with sporadic colorectal cancer and 233 healthy controls. Polymorphisms were analyzed by allelic discrimination TaqMan PCR assays with specific probes. The results of our study showed that IL-1RN +2018T>C polymorphism is associated with colorectal cancer. We found that there was a significant difference in the frequency of CC genotype between patients with colorectal cancer and the control group (OR 2.42, 95 % CI: 1.06-5.53, p = 0,034) when TT genotype was used as reference. Furthermore, in a stratified analysis, a positive association was found only for IL-1RN +2018CC genotype, that was limited to early I and II stages (OR 2.72, 95 % CI: 1.05-7.03, p = 0,033). We did not find any association between any of the IL-1B polymorphisms and colorectal cancer. In conclusion this study found that IL-1RN +2018T>C polymorphism is associated with colorectal cancer, mainly for localized disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florin Burada
- Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Human Genomic Laboratory, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 1 May Street No 66, Craiova, Romania.
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28
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Xu Y, Xu Q, Yang L, Ye X, Liu F, Wu F, Ni S, Tan C, Cai G, Meng X, Cai S, Du X. Identification and validation of a blood-based 18-gene expression signature in colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:3039-49. [PMID: 23536436 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-3851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) is crucial for successful treatment and patient survival. However, compliance with current screening methods remains poor. This study aimed to identify an accurate blood-based gene expression signature for CRC detection. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Gene expression in peripheral blood samples from 216 patients with CRC tumors and 187 controls was investigated in the study. We first conducted a microarray analysis to select candidate genes that were significantly differentially expressed between patients with cancer and controls. A quantitative reverse transcription PCR assay was then used to evaluate the expression of selected genes. A gene expression signature was identified using a training set (n = 200) and then validated using an independent test set (n = 160). RESULTS We identified an 18-gene signature that discriminated the patients with CRC from controls with 92% accuracy, 91% sensitivity, and 92% specificity. The signature performance was further validated in the independent test set with 86% accuracy, 84% sensitivity, and 88% specificity. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve was 0.94. The signature was shown to be enriched in genes related to immune functions. CONCLUSIONS This study identified an 18-gene signature that accurately discriminated patients with CRC from controls in peripheral blood samples. Our results prompt the further development of blood-based gene expression biomarkers for the diagnosis and early detection of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Xu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
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29
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Custodio A, Barriuso J, de Castro J, Martínez-Marín V, Moreno V, Rodríguez-Salas N, Feliu J. Molecular markers to predict outcome to antiangiogenic therapies in colorectal cancer: current evidence and future perspectives. Cancer Treat Rev 2013; 39:908-24. [PMID: 23510598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a universal requirement for the growth of solid tumours beyond the limits of oxygen diffusion from the existing vasculature. The expression and function of proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors are altered in solid malignancies to drive net neoangiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been confirmed in several clinical trials as an important therapeutic target in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. However, given that the efficacy of antiangiogenic agents appears to be limited to a subset of patients, the identification of who will obtain the greater benefit from this therapy or suffer from specific toxicities and when or for how long they should be administered in the treatment algorithm are major open questions for clinicians and challenges for present and future research. Current evidence indicates some predictive value for particular circulating measures, such as an increase in VEGF, a decrease in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) or circulating endothelial cells, tissue biomarkers, microvessel density, KRAS and BRAF gene mutations or polymorphisms affecting components of the VEGF pathway. Many questions relating to these and other surrogate biomarkers, however, remain unanswered and their clinical usefulness has yet to be proven. This review will focus on the present status of knowledge and future perspectives for developing molecular tools to foresee and monitor antiangiogenic therapy activity in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Custodio
- Medical Oncology Department, IDiPAZ, RTICC (RD06/0020/1022), La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
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30
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Galamb O, Wichmann B, Sipos F, Spisák S, Krenács T, Tóth K, Leiszter K, Kalmár A, Tulassay Z, Molnár B. Dysplasia-carcinoma transition specific transcripts in colonic biopsy samples. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48547. [PMID: 23155391 PMCID: PMC3498283 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The early molecular detection of the dysplasia-carcinoma transition may enhance the strength of diagnosis in the case of colonic biopsies. Our aims were to identify characteristic transcript sets in order to develop diagnostic mRNA expression patterns for objective classification of benign and malignant colorectal diseases and to test the classificatory power of these markers on an independent sample set. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Colorectal cancer (CRC) and adenoma specific transcript sets were identified using HGU133plus2 microarrays and 53 biopsies (22 CRC, 20 adenoma and 11 normal). Ninety-four independent biopsies (27 CRC, 29 adenoma and 38 normal) were analyzed on microarrays for testing the classificatory power of the discriminatory genes. Array real-time PCR validation was done on 68 independent samples (24 CRC, 24 adenoma and 20 normal). A set of 11 transcripts (including CXCL1, CHI3L1 and GREM1) was determined which could correctly discriminate between high-grade dysplastic adenoma and CRC samples by 100% sensitivity and 88.9% specificity. The discriminatory power of the marker set was proved to be high on independent samples in both microarray and RT-PCR analyses. 95.6% of original and 94.1% of cross-validated samples was correctly classified in discriminant analysis. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The identified transcripts could correctly characterize the dysplasia-carcinoma transition in biopsy samples, also on a large independent sample set. These markers can establish the basis of gene expression based diagnostic classification of colorectal cancer. Diagnostic RT-PCR cards can become part of the automated routine procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Galamb
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Molecular Medicine Research Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barnabás Wichmann
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Molecular Medicine Research Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Sipos
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sándor Spisák
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Molecular Medicine Research Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Krenács
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kinga Tóth
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Leiszter
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Kalmár
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Tulassay
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Molecular Medicine Research Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Béla Molnár
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Molecular Medicine Research Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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31
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IL-1RN VNTR polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to cervical cancer in Portugal. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:10837-42. [PMID: 23053980 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1979-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human Papillomavirus infection is considered as the main etiological factor of cervical cancer (ICC), although, the role of host genetic factors in ICC susceptibility has been increasing. Immunological response is crucial for the prevention of viral associated diseases. Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RN) is considered to be an important regulator of host immunity and several studies have shown a potential role of a 86 bp VNTR polymorphism within intron 2 of the IL-1RN gene in host immune response variability. We investigated the role of this polymorphism in cervical cancer development in Portugal with a case-control study developed with peripheral blood samples from 196 healthy women and 340 women with cervical lesions from the Northern Region of Portugal. We observed that IL-1RN Allele 2 homozygosis was significantly higher in cases than in controls. In fact, IL-1RN A2*A2 homozygous revealed to be associated with an increased risk of HSIL + ICC (OR = 1.90; 95 % IC 1.13-3.21; p = 0.015). Furthermore, we also observed that median age of onset of HSIL + ICC was significantly different (46.0 vs 52.0) in IL-1RN A2*A2 homozygous comparing to non-A2*A2 (p = 0.028). Our results indicated that IL-1RN A2 allele is associated with an increased susceptibility to cervical cancer development, probably by increasing predisposition to shorter immune responses.
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32
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Bondurant KL, Lundgreen A, Herrick JS, Kadlubar S, Wolff RK, Slattery ML. Interleukin genes and associations with colon and rectal cancer risk and overall survival. Int J Cancer 2012; 132:905-15. [PMID: 22674296 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Interleukins are a group of cytokines that contribute to growth and differentiation, cell migration, and inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses by the immune system. In our study, we examined genetic variation in genes from various anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory interleukins to determine association with colon and rectal cancer risk and overall survival. Data from two population-based incident studies of colon cancer (1,555 cases and 1,956 controls) and rectal cancer (754 cases and 954 controls) were used. After controlling for multiple comparisons, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from four genes, IL3, IL6R, IL8, IL15, were associated with increased colon cancer risk, and CXCR1 and CXCR2 were significantly associated with increased rectal cancer risk. Only SNPs from genes within the IL-8 pathway (IL8, CXCR1 and CXCR2) showed a significant association with both colon and rectal cancer risk. Several SNPs interacted significantly with IL8 and IFNG SNPs and with aspirin/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), cigarette smoking, estrogen use and BMI. For both colon and rectal cancer, increasing numbers of risk alleles were associated with increased hazard of death from cancer; the estimated hazard of death for colon cancer for the highest category of risk alleles was 1.74 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18-2.56) and 1.96 (95% CI 1.28-2.99) for rectal cancer. These data suggest that interleukin genes play a role in risk and overall survival for colon and rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina L Bondurant
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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Hansen TF, Jakobsen A. Clinical implications of genetic variations in the VEGF system in relation to colorectal cancer. Pharmacogenomics 2012; 12:1681-93. [PMID: 22118052 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.11.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) constitutes one of the most common malignancies in the world and, despite advances in diagnostics and treatments, patients still face a poor prognosis and a more individualized treatment approach appears necessary. The VEGF system and angiogenesis are involved in many aspects of tumor biology and the efficacy of chemotherapy, and some targeted therapeutics appear to be related to the function of these processes. There are many reasons why genetic variations are optimal biomarkers and in relation to the VEGF system may prove to be of clinical relevance. This review evaluates the literature on SNPs in relation to the risk of CRC and the possible prognostic and predictive value and argues for the role of these biomarkers in the future treatment of patients with CRC.
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−251 T/A polymorphism of the interleukin-8 gene and cancer risk: a HuGE review and meta-analysis based on 42 case–control studies. Mol Biol Rep 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1042-5 and 3439=3439-- qfut] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
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35
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−251 T/A polymorphism of the interleukin-8 gene and cancer risk: a HuGE review and meta-analysis based on 42 case–control studies. Mol Biol Rep 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1042-5 and 3439=3439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
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36
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Wang N, Zhou R, Wang C, Guo X, Chen Z, Yang S, Li Y. −251 T/A polymorphism of the interleukin-8 gene and cancer risk: a HuGE review and meta-analysis based on 42 case–control studies. Mol Biol Rep 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1042-5 and 4855=5113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
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37
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Wang N, Zhou R, Wang C, Guo X, Chen Z, Yang S, Li Y. −251 T/A polymorphism of the interleukin-8 gene and cancer risk: a HuGE review and meta-analysis based on 42 case–control studies. Mol Biol Rep 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1042-5 and 9408=2840-- oynv] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Wang N, Zhou R, Wang C, Guo X, Chen Z, Yang S, Li Y. -251 T/A polymorphism of the interleukin-8 gene and cancer risk: a HuGE review and meta-analysis based on 42 case-control studies. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:2831-41. [PMID: 21681427 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1042-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The -251T/A (rs4073), a single nucleotide polymorphism, has been identified in the promoter region of the interleukin-8 (IL-8) gene. It's presence could influence the production of IL-8 protein by regulating the transcriptional activity of the gene. A large number of studies have been performed to evaluate the role of -251T/A polymorphism on various cancers, with inconsistent results being reported. In this paper, we summarized 13,189 cases and 16,828 controls from 42 case-control studies and attempted to assess the susceptibility of -251T/A polymorphism to cancers by a comprehensive meta-analysis. Pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by using the random-effects model. Publication bias, subgroup, and sensitivity analysis were also performed. Results showed that the carriers of the -251A allele had about a 12-21% increased risk for the reviewed cancer, in total. The carriers of -251A had an elevated risk to breast cancer, gastric cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer and a reduced risk to prostate cancer, but no evidence was found to indicate that the -251A allele predisposed its carriers to colorectal and lung cancers. When stratified separately by 'racial descent' and 'study design', it was found that the carriers of the -251A allele among the African group, Asian group and hospital-based case-control study group were at a higher risk for cancer, but not in European group and population-based case-control study. These results show that -251A allele is susceptible in the development of low-penetrance cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011 Hebei, China
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Zhu W, Fang C, Gramatikoff K, Niemeyer CC, Smith JW. Proteins and an inflammatory network expressed in colon tumors. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:2129-39. [PMID: 21366352 PMCID: PMC3090457 DOI: 10.1021/pr101190f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein is crucial to homeostasis of normal intestinal epithelia because it suppresses the β-catenin/TCF pathway. Consequently, loss or mutation of the APC gene causes colorectal tumors in humans and mice. Here, we describe our use of multidimensional protein identification technology (MudPIT) to compare protein expression in colon tumors to that of adjacent healthy colon tissue from Apc(Min/+) mice. Twenty-seven proteins were found to be up-regulated in colon tumors and 25 were down-regulated. As an extension of the proteomic analysis, the differentially expressed proteins were used as "seeds" to search for coexpressed genes. This approach revealed a coexpression network of 45 genes that is up-regulated in colon tumors. Members of the network include the antibacterial peptide cathelicidin (CAMP), Toll-like receptors (TLRs), IL-8, and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM1). The coexpression network is associated with innate immunity and inflammation, and there is significant concordance between its connectivity in humans versus mice (Friedman: p value = 0.0056). This study provides new insights into the proteins and networks that are likely to drive the onset and progression of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhong Zhu
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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Lim HY, Toh HC. Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer. PROCEEDINGS OF SINGAPORE HEALTHCARE 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/201010581102000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer remains one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in the developed world. The advent of new therapeutic agents has further expanded our treatment options. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors have been shown to improve survival in metastatic cancer. However, there remain a substantial proportion of patients who do not benefit from this treatment. KRAS mutation status has been validated to predict the response to EGFR inhibitors with mutant status predicting non-responders. The validation of other predictive and prognostic markers will result in further optimization of the care plan for patient with colorectal cancer; maximising benefits while minimising toxicities. This article aims to provide an update of the various molecular markers for use in detection, prognostication and predicting responses in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwee Yong Lim
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore
| | - Han Chong Toh
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore
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Genetic variations in angiogenesis pathway genes predict tumor recurrence in localized adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Ann Surg 2010; 251:857-64. [PMID: 20101173 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0b013e3181c97fcf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether the risk of systemic disease after esophagectomy could be predicted by angiogenesis-related gene polymorphisms. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA Systemic tumor recurrence after curative resection continues to impose a significant problem in the management of patients with localized esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA). The identification of molecular markers of prognosis will help to better define tumor stage, indicate disease progression, identify novel therapeutic targets, and monitor response to therapy. Proteinase-activated-receptor 1 (PAR-1) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) have been shown to mediate the regulation of local and early-onset angiogenesis, and in turn may impact the process of tumor growth and disease progression. METHODS We investigated tissue samples from 239 patients with localized EA treated with surgery alone. DNA was isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded normal esophageal tissue samples and polymorphisms were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and 5'-end [gamma-P] ATP-labeled polymerase chain reaction methods. RESULTS PAR-1 -506 ins/del (adjusted P value=0.011) and EGF +61 A>G (adjusted P value=0.035) showed to be adverse prognostic markers, in both univariate and multivariable analyses. In combined analysis, grouping alleles into favorable versus nonfavorable alleles, high expression variants of PAR-1 -506 ins/del (any insertion allele) and EGF +61 A>G (A/A) were associated with a higher likelihood of developing tumor recurrence (adjusted P value<0.001). CONCLUSION This study supports the role of functional PAR-1 and EGF polymorphisms as independent prognostic markers in localized EA and may therefore help to identify patient subgroups at high risk for tumor recurrence.
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Winder T, Lenz HJ. Molecular predictive and prognostic markers in colon cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2010; 36:550-6. [PMID: 20363564 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2010.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2009] [Revised: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer remains one of the major cancer related death despite progress in the cytotoxic treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) over the past decade. The introduction of targeted agents has improved the progression free and overall survival of metastatic disease. However, 40-50% of patients do not experience beneficial effects and it remains a challenge to select patients likely to respond to therapy. Several new molecular predictive and prognostic markers have been identified and are now being translated into routine clinical practice. K-Ras mutation is the first established molecular marker with a lack of response in K-Ras mutated patients treated with an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapy. The validation of predictive and prognostic markers will result in more successful and less toxic therapeutic regimens for cancer patients. This review aims to summarize the most important currently available predictive and prognostic molecular markers in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Winder
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Southern California, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Goode EL, Maurer MJ, Sellers TA, Phelan CM, Kalli KR, Fridley BL, Vierkant RA, Armasu SM, White KL, Keeney GL, Cliby WA, Rider DN, Kelemen LE, Jones MB, Peethambaram PP, Lancaster JM, Olson JE, Schildkraut JM, Cunningham JM, Hartmann LC. Inherited determinants of ovarian cancer survival. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:995-1007. [PMID: 20103664 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-2553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Due to variation of outcome among cases, we sought to examine whether overall survival in ovarian cancer was associated with common inherited variants in 227 candidate genes from ovarian cancer-related pathways including angiogenesis, inflammation, detoxification, glycosylation, one-carbon transfer, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, and cellular senescence. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Blood samples were obtained from 325 women with invasive epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosed at the Mayo Clinic from 1999 to 2006. During a median follow-up of 3.8 years (range, 0.1-8.6 years), 157 deaths were observed. Germline DNA was analyzed at 1,416 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). For all patients, and for 203 with serous subtype, we assessed the overall significance of each gene and pathway, and estimated risk of death via hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for known prognostic factors. RESULTS Variation within angiogenesis was most strongly associated with survival time overall (P = 0.03) and among patients with serous cancer (P = 0.05), particularly for EIF2B5 rs4912474 (all patients HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.54-0.89; P = 0.004), VEGFC rs17697305 (serous subtype HR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.34-3.92; P = 0.003), and four SNPs in VHL. Variation within the inflammation pathway was borderline significant (all patients, P = 0.09), and SNPs in CCR3, IL1B, IL18, CCL2, and ALOX5 which correlated with survival time are worthy of follow-up. CONCLUSION An extensive multiple-pathway assessment found evidence that inherited differences may play a role in outcome of ovarian cancer patients, particularly in genes within the angiogenesis and inflammation pathways. Our work supports efforts to target such mediators for therapeutic gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen L Goode
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
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Circulating tumor cells in gastrointestinal malignancies: current techniques and clinical implications. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2009; 2010:392652. [PMID: 19902005 PMCID: PMC2774472 DOI: 10.1155/2010/392652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2009] [Accepted: 09/28/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Since their introduction more than 50 years by Engell, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been evaluated in cancer patients and their detection has been correlated with clinical outcome, in esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancer. With the availability of refined technologies, the identification of CTCs from peripheral blood is emerging as a useful tool for the detection of malignancy, monitoring disease progression, and measuring response to therapy. However, increasing evidence suggests a variety of factors to be responsible for disease progression. The analysis of a single CTC marker is therefore unlikely to accurately predict progression of disease with sufficient resolution and reproducibility. Here we discuss the current concept of CTCs, summarize the available techniques for their detection and characterization, and aim to provide a comprehensive update on the clinical implications of CTCs in gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies.
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Martin-Subero JI, Ammerpohl O, Bibikova M, Wickham-Garcia E, Agirre X, Alvarez S, Brüggemann M, Bug S, Calasanz MJ, Deckert M, Dreyling M, Du MQ, Dürig J, Dyer MJS, Fan JB, Gesk S, Hansmann ML, Harder L, Hartmann S, Klapper W, Küppers R, Montesinos-Rongen M, Nagel I, Pott C, Richter J, Román-Gómez J, Seifert M, Stein H, Suela J, Trümper L, Vater I, Prosper F, Haferlach C, Cigudosa JC, Siebert R. A comprehensive microarray-based DNA methylation study of 367 hematological neoplasms. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6986. [PMID: 19750229 PMCID: PMC2737286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 08/12/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in the DNA methylation pattern are a hallmark of leukemias and lymphomas. However, most epigenetic studies in hematologic neoplasms (HNs) have focused either on the analysis of few candidate genes or many genes and few HN entities, and comprehensive studies are required. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here, we report for the first time a microarray-based DNA methylation study of 767 genes in 367 HNs diagnosed with 16 of the most representative B-cell (n = 203), T-cell (n = 30), and myeloid (n = 134) neoplasias, as well as 37 samples from different cell types of the hematopoietic system. Using appropriate controls of B-, T-, or myeloid cellular origin, we identified a total of 220 genes hypermethylated in at least one HN entity. In general, promoter hypermethylation was more frequent in lymphoid malignancies than in myeloid malignancies, being germinal center mature B-cell lymphomas as well as B and T precursor lymphoid neoplasias those entities with highest frequency of gene-associated DNA hypermethylation. We also observed a significant correlation between the number of hypermethylated and hypomethylated genes in several mature B-cell neoplasias, but not in precursor B- and T-cell leukemias. Most of the genes becoming hypermethylated contained promoters with high CpG content, and a significant fraction of them are targets of the polycomb repressor complex. Interestingly, T-cell prolymphocytic leukemias show low levels of DNA hypermethylation and a comparatively large number of hypomethylated genes, many of them showing an increased gene expression. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE We have characterized the DNA methylation profile of a wide range of different HNs entities. As well as identifying genes showing aberrant DNA methylation in certain HN subtypes, we also detected six genes--DBC1, DIO3, FZD9, HS3ST2, MOS, and MYOD1--that were significantly hypermethylated in B-cell, T-cell, and myeloid malignancies. These might therefore play an important role in the development of different HNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose I. Martin-Subero
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ole Ammerpohl
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marina Bibikova
- Illumina, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
| | | | - Xabier Agirre
- Division of Cancer and Area of Cell Therapy and Hematology Service, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Alvarez
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Oncologicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Monika Brüggemann
- Second Medical Department, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefanie Bug
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Martina Deckert
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Dreyling
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Ming Q. Du
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jan Dürig
- Department of Hematology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Jian-Bing Fan
- Illumina, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Stefan Gesk
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Martin-Leo Hansmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lana Harder
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sylvia Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Wolfram Klapper
- Institute of Pathology, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ralf Küppers
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Inga Nagel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christiane Pott
- Second Medical Department, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Julia Richter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - José Román-Gómez
- Reina Sofia Hospital, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Marc Seifert
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Harald Stein
- Institute of Pathology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Javier Suela
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Oncologicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorenz Trümper
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Inga Vater
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Felipe Prosper
- Division of Cancer and Area of Cell Therapy and Hematology Service, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Juan Cruz Cigudosa
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Oncologicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Reiner Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
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