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Zhang Y, Jia H, Kang X, Yang Q, Ying J, Wu Q, Zheng Z, Zhang H. Discrepancy of eye injuries in mechanism, clinical features, and vision prognosis by different causative sports. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1182647. [PMID: 37920581 PMCID: PMC10619663 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1182647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of sports-related eye injuries in China, as well as how they differ depending on the sport or other specific factor that caused them. Methods Consecutive medical records from 2015 to 2019 of sports-related eye injuries from a standardized database in nine tertiary referral hospitals in China were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Results A total of 377 eyes in 376 inpatients (mean age, 22.5 ± 7.3 years; men:women 15.4:1) were included. Soccer (46.8%), basketball (27.1%), and badminton (16.8%) were the top three sports that caused injury. Ball strikes (74.7%), physical collision (13.8%), and racket/equipment beating (9.0%) were the common specific causes of injury. Blunt force injuries (95.8%) and close globe injuries (95.1%) accounted for the majority of injuries. Open globe injuries occurred more in basketball (8.3%) than in other sports, mainly due to physical collision (12.8%) and racket/equipment beating (11.8%). Basketball (13.4%) or physical collision (21.3%) caused Zone I injuries more frequently than other sports. Soccer (60.5%) and basketball (54.6%) caused more injuries to the posterior segment of the eyeball than other sports, mainly due to ball strikes (96.6%). Badminton (69.8%) and racket beating (61.8%) caused more Zone II globe injuries than other sports. In badminton, the percentage of hyphema (85.7%), the most typical symptom of eye damage, and ultimate visual acuity (VA) ≥20/40 (88.9%) was the greatest. A final low vision score of (≤4/200) was observed in 10.6% of all participants, including three participants who had an eye removed due to rupturing. The final VA was positively correlated with the presenting VA (r = 0.421). Conclusion Sports can lead to high proportions of ocular contusion injury and low vision. VA prognosis is closely related to initial VA following ocular sports trauma, which is directly determined by the causative sports and/or the specific causes. Effective eye protection is imperative to avoid or reduce visual impairments of sports participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongzhen Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology of the Sixth Medical Center Stationed by the Senior Department of Ophthalmology of the Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghua Yang
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ying
- Information Management Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Medical Security Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Information Center, Logistics Support Department, Central Military Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Kim EJ, Ganga A, Rana V, Lee J, Elnemer W, Pani A, Migliori M. A 20-year nationwide analysis of golf-associated eye injuries in the United States. Am J Emerg Med 2022; 61:175-178. [PMID: 36155253 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2022.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Existing knowledge regarding golf-associated eye injuries (GEIs) is sparse. The purpose of this study was to characterize the types of GEIs, examine the mechanisms of injury, describe the characteristics of GEI victims, and determine the incidence of GEIs during the 2002-2021 period using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database. METHODS Deidentified patient records were analyzed. Each GEI was assigned into a specific category of diagnosis, and the mechanism of injury was determined. National estimates were collected for each year, and simple linear regression modeling was used to determine trends over time. Furthermore, patient variables for sex, race, and age were analyzed. RESULTS The NEISS query provided a total of 379 GEIs for analysis. GEIs were most common in adult males, with a decreasing, although not statistically significant, trend during this period (β = -17.88, p = 0.110). Children were more likely to have a GEI caused by a golf club while adults were more likely to have one caused by the surrounding environment. Across all age groups, contusions and corneal abrasions were the most common GEIs, constituting 50.4% (190/377) of all eye injuries, followed by foreign body injuries (9%, 34/377) and then irritation/inflammation of the eye (8%, 30/377). The most common mechanism of injury among all players involved adverse interactions with the environment (37.7%, 142/377). CONCLUSION Contradictory to existing literature, we show that minor GEIs are more common than severe ones. Rather than golf clubs or balls, environmental elements are the leading cause of GEIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Kim
- Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States of America; Division of Ophthalmology, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States of America.
| | - Arjun Ganga
- Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States of America
| | - Viren Rana
- Division of Ophthalmology, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States of America
| | - James Lee
- Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States of America
| | - William Elnemer
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States of America
| | - Altin Pani
- Division of Ophthalmology, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States of America
| | - Michael Migliori
- Division of Ophthalmology, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States of America
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Baur ID, Mayer CS, Storr J, Khoramnia R. Traumatic iridodialysis and mydriasis: Surgical reconstruction of the iris-lens-diaphragm with an iris implant and Intraocular lens. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2022; 26:101545. [PMID: 35514801 PMCID: PMC9062661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We present the case of a severe golf related ocular injury that affected the anterior and posterior segment. Treatment included primary surgical closure of the traumatic wound and secondary reconstruction of the iris-lens-diaphragm to correct aphakia and traumatic mydriasis and iridodialysis. Observations A 62-year-old woman presented to our clinic with severe ocular contusion after she had been hit by a golf ball in the right eye. We observed iridodialysis, traumatic mydriasis and luxation of the crystalline lens into the vitreous body as well as Berlin's edema and retinal tears. The patient underwent primary surgical closure of the traumatic wound and, 6 months later, combined Intraocular lens (IOL) and Customflex ArtificialIris (AI, HumanOptics, Erlangen, Germany) implantation. Uncorrected distance visual acuity was hand movement after primary surgical closure of the traumatic wound. After secondary reconstruction of the iris-lens-diaphragm, corrected distance visual acuity was 0.30 logMAR. Subjective impairment from glare could effectively be reduced and the patient was very satisfied with the aesthetic result. Conclusions and Importance Combined AI and IOL implantation can successfully restore visual acuity and reduce sensitivity to glare while providing an excellent aesthetic result in patients with a history of severe blunt ocular trauma, even in cases with a poor visual acuity prognosis.
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Chan RX, Ledbetter EC. Sports ball projectile ocular trauma in dogs. Vet Ophthalmol 2022; 25:338-342. [PMID: 35384230 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical features, management, and outcome of dogs presenting with sports ball projectile ocular injuries. ANIMALS STUDIED Eighteen dogs. PROCEDURES A retrospective study reviewing cases of ocular injury due to a sports ball projectile that presented to the Cornell University ophthalmology service between 2004 and 2021. Dog age, type of sports ball, initial ocular lesions, eye affected, clinical management, and visual outcome were recorded. RESULTS Sports ball projectile ocular injuries were identified in 18 eyes of 18 dogs. The median age of the dogs was 1.0 years old, ranging from 0.3- to 9-years- old. Nine dogs were male, and 9 were female. Ocular injuries were caused by small, dense balls (e.g., golf balls, baseballs) in 11 dogs; small, light balls (e.g., tennis balls, toy balls) in 5 dogs; and large, soft balls (e.g., soccer ball, football) in 2 dogs. Closed-globe injuries (12 of 18 eyes) presented with traumatic uveitis (91%), hyphema (45%), and subconjunctival hemorrhage (18%). All 12 closed-globe injury cases were medically managed, eight dogs remained visual. Open-globe injuries (6 of 18 dogs) presented with three corneal lacerations and three scleral ruptures. Five open-globe injuries required enucleation, and one was medically managed and maintained vision. CONCLUSION Sports ball projectile ocular injuries in dogs can result in substantial ocular morbidity and in loss of vision. Small, dense balls were associated with injuries that carried the most guarded prognosis and required more aggressive management. Small and large lighter projectiles were associated with less serious ocular injuries and visual outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remington X Chan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Eric C Ledbetter
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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Morikawa S, Okamoto F, Okamoto Y, Mitamura Y, Ishikawa H, Harimoto K, Ueda T, Sakamoto T, Sugitani K, Sawada O, Mori J, Takamura Y, Oshika T. Clinical characteristics and visual outcomes of work-related open globe injuries in Japanese patients. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1208. [PMID: 31988287 PMCID: PMC6985116 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57568-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the clinical characteristics and visual outcomes of patients with work-related open globe injuries (OGIs) and compare them with patients with non-work-related OGIs. Design: Retrospective, observational, multicentre, case-control study. Methods: A total of 374 patients with work-related OGIs and 170 patients with non-work-related OGIs who presented to hospitals that belong to the Japan-Clinical Research of Study group from 2005 to 2015 were included in this study. Clinical data including age, sex, initial and final visual acuity, type of open globe injury, lens status, zone of injury, wound length, and presence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy, retinal detachment, expulsive haemorrhage, and endophthalmitis were recorded. Main Outcome Measures: Visual acuity. Results Work-related OGIs were associated with younger age, male sex, better initial and final visual acuity, more laceration, smaller wounds, presence of retinal detachment, and expulsive haemorrhage, compared with non-work-related OGIs. Multiple regression analysis revealed that final visual acuity is significantly associated with initial visual acuity, wound length, and the presence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy in work-related OGIs. Conclusions: Work-related OGIs showed better visual outcomes than other OGIs. Initial visual acuity, wound length, and the presence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy are predictors of visual outcomes in patients with work-related OGIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Morikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Fumiki Okamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Yoshifumi Okamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Mitamura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroto Ishikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kozo Harimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ueda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Sugitani
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Osamu Sawada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Junya Mori
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Takamura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Oshika
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Morikawa S, Okamoto Y, Okamoto F, Inomoto N, Ishikawa H, Harimoto K, Ueda T, Sakamoto T, Oshika T. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of fall-related open globe injuries in Japan. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018; 256:1347-1352. [PMID: 29546473 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-018-3959-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the clinical characteristics and visual outcomes in patients with fall-related open globe injuries and to evaluate differences between fall-related and non-fall-related open globe injuries in Japan. METHODS A retrospective review of patients with open globe injury who presented to Japan-Clinical Research of Study (J-CREST) hospitals between 2005 and 2015 was enrolled. Clinical information including age, sex, initial visual acuity, final visual acuity, type of injury, status of the crystalline lens, zone of injury, wound length, presence of retinal detachment, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, expulsive hemorrhage, and endophthalmitis was recorded. RESULTS A total of 374 eyes were enrolled, of which 120 (32.1%) suffered from fall-related injury with average age of 73.7 ± 15.9 years (range, 11-101 years). A majority of patients were female (55.8%). Of 120 patients with fall-related injury, 109 (90.8%) presented with rupture and 11 (9.2%) with laceration. A multiple regression analysis revealed that final visual acuity was significantly associated with initial visual acuity (r = 0.99, P < 0.001). Compared to non-fall-related open globe injuries, fall-related open globe injuries were associated with elderly age, female sex, poorer initial and final visual acuity, rupture, absence of the lens, larger wound size, retinal detachment, expulsive hemorrhage, and absence of endophthalmitis (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Fall-related open globe injuries were more frequent in elderly female and accompanied by larger wound lengths and severer ocular complications. Visual outcomes in patients with fall-related open globe injuries were related to initial visual acuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Morikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Okamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Fumiki Okamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Naoki Inomoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroto Ishikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kozo Harimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ueda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Oshika
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
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Read SP, Young RC, Flynn HW. Outcomes in bullous retinal detachment. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2017; 6:18-20. [PMID: 29260046 PMCID: PMC5722159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To report two patients with giant retinal tear (GRT) associated retinal detachment in the setting of baseball trauma. Observations Two patients presented with retinal detachment associated with GRT following blunt trauma with a baseball. The first was a superotemporal GRT detachment treated with scleral buckling, pars plana vitrectomy, endolaser, and silicone oil injection. He subsequently underwent cataract surgery with silicone oil removal and at two year follow up the retina with attached with best-corrected visual acuity of 20/20. The second case was an inferotemporal GRT detachment treated initially with laser demarcation, however the tear progressed to a retinal detachment that was then treated with pars plana vitrectomy and lensectomy, endolaser, perfluoro-octane (PFO), and silicone oil injection. At the one year follow up, the retina was attached and the best-corrected visual acuity was 20/30. Conclusions and importance GRTs are an uncommon cause of retinal detachment. While pars plana vitrectomy with tamponade is standard in GRT management, there is variability in the use of scleral buckling and PFO in these cases. This is in contrast to retinal dialysis where scleral buckle alone can yield favorable results. Though a baseball ocular trauma is common, retinal involvement is rare compared to other sports injuries such as those occurring with tennis, soccer and golf. Sports trauma remains an important cause of retinal injury and patients should be counseled on the need for eye protection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Harry W. Flynn
- Corresponding author. 900 NW 17th Street Miami, Florida, USA.900 NW 17th Street MiamiFloridaUSA
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