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Jiao Y, Chang K, Jiang Y, Zhang J. Identification of periductal mastitis and granulomatous lobular mastitis: a literature review. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2023; 11:158. [PMID: 36846004 PMCID: PMC9951018 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-6473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective Non-puerperal mastitis (NPM) is a breast disease with poor clinical manifestations, which seriously affects women's health and quality of life. Due to the low incidence rate of the disease and the paucity of related research, there is much misdiagnosis and mis-management of periductal mastitis (PDM) and granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM). Therefore, understanding the differences between PDM and GLM, in terms of etiology and clinical manifestations, is crucial for patient treatment and prognosis. At the same time, choosing different treatment methods may not achieve the best treatment effect, so the appropriate treatment method can often reduce the patient's pain and reduce the recurrence of the patient's disease. Methods The PubMed database was searched for articles published from 1 January 1990 to 16 June 2022 using the following search terms: "non-puerperal mastitis", "periductal mastitis", "granulomatous lobular mastitis", "mammary duct ectasia", "idiopathic granulomatous mastitis", "plasma cell mastitis", and "identification". The key findings of the related literatures were analyzed and summarized. Key Content and Findings We systematically described the key points in the differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of PDM and GLM. The use of different animal models for research and novel drugs to treat the disease were also described in this paper. Conclusions The key points in the differentiation of the two diseases are clearly explained, and the respective treatment options and prognosis are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangchi Jiao
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kexin Chang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juliang Zhang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Ramos-Martínez I, Ramos-Martínez E, Cerbón M, Pérez-Torres A, Pérez-Campos Mayoral L, Hernández-Huerta MT, Martínez-Cruz M, Pérez-Santiago AD, Sánchez-Medina MA, García-Montalvo IA, Zenteno E, Matias-Cervantes CA, Ojeda-Meixueiro V, Pérez-Campos E. The Role of B Cell and T Cell Glycosylation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010863. [PMID: 36614306 PMCID: PMC9820943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is a post-translational modification that affects the stability, structure, antigenicity and charge of proteins. In the immune system, glycosylation is involved in the regulation of ligand-receptor interactions, such as in B-cell and T-cell activating receptors. Alterations in glycosylation have been described in several autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), in which alterations have been found mainly in the glycosylation of B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes and immunoglobulins. In immunoglobulin G of lupus patients, a decrease in galactosylation, sialylation, and nucleotide fucose, as well as an increase in the N-acetylglucosamine bisector, are observed. These changes in glycoisolation affect the interactions of immunoglobulins with Fc receptors and are associated with pericarditis, proteinuria, nephritis, and the presence of antinuclear antibodies. In T cells, alterations have been described in the glycosylation of receptors involved in activation, such as the T cell receptor; these changes affect the affinity with their ligands and modulate the binding to endogenous lectins such as galectins. In T cells from lupus patients, a decrease in galectin 1 binding is observed, which could favor activation and reduce apoptosis. Furthermore, these alterations in glycosylation correlate with disease activity and clinical manifestations, and thus have potential use as biomarkers. In this review, we summarize findings on glycosylation alterations in SLE and how they relate to immune system defects and their clinical manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Ramos-Martínez
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Cerdos, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Edgar Ramos-Martínez
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
- Escuela de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68120, Mexico
| | - Marco Cerbón
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología “Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes”—Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Armando Pérez-Torres
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Tisular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | | | - María Teresa Hernández-Huerta
- CONACyT, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma “Benito Juárez” de Oaxaca (UABJO), Oaxaca 68020, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | - Edgar Zenteno
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
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Legorreta-Haquet MV, Santana-Sánchez P, Chávez-Sánchez L, Chávez-Rueda AK. The effect of prolactin on immune cell subsets involved in SLE pathogenesis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1016427. [PMID: 36389803 PMCID: PMC9650038 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1016427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The higher frequency of autoimmune diseases in the female population compared to males suggests that certain hormones, such as prolactin (PRL), play a role in determining the prevalence of autoimmunity in women, particularly during childbearing age. PRL can act not only as a hormone but also as a cytokine, being able to modulate immune responses. Hyperprolactinemia has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases where it may affect disease activity. One of the conditions where PRL has such a role is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). PRL regulates the proliferation and survival of both lymphoid and myeloid cells. It also affects the selection of T-cell repertoires by influencing the thymic microenvironment. In autoimmune conditions, PRL interferes with the activity of regulatory T cells. It also influences B cell tolerance by lowering the activation threshold of anergic B cells. The production of CD40L and cytokines, such as interleukin IL-6, are also promoted by PRL. This, in turn, leads to the production of autoantibodies, one of the hallmarks of SLE. PRL increases the cytotoxic activity of T lymphocytes and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. The production of proinflammatory cytokines, particularly those belonging to the type 1 interferon (IFN) family, is part of the SLE characteristic genetic signature. PRL also participates in the maturation and differentiation of dendritic cells, promoting the presentation of autoantigens and high IFNα secretion. It also affects neutrophil function and the production of neutrophil traps. Macrophages and dendritic cells can also be affected by PRL, linking this molecule to the abnormal behavior of both innate and adaptive immune responses.This review aimed to highlight the importance of PRL and its actions on the cells of innate and adaptive immune responses. Additionally, by elucidating the role of PRL in SLE etiopathogenesis, this work will contribute to a better understanding of the factors involved in SLE development and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adriana Karina Chávez-Rueda
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología (UIM) en Inmunología, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México City, Mexico
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Sahebari M, Ravanshad S, Ravanshad Y, Rezaeitalab F, Bayegi HRP, Asadpour H, Javadinia SA, Rezaieyazdi Z. A Survey on Sleep Disorders and Related Hormones in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Mediterr J Rheumatol 2021; 32:148-157. [PMID: 34447911 PMCID: PMC8369266 DOI: 10.31138/mjr.32.2.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is reportedly associated with sleep disorders. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate sleep disorders in newly diagnosed SLE patients. Materials and Methods This study was conducted on patients with newly diagnosed SLE (ie, case group) and a control group. The case and control groups were matched in terms of gender, age, socioeconomic status, and educational level. Venous blood samples were obtained from the participants to measure prolactin and melatonin levels. Furthermore, they were subjected to polysomnography. The data were analysed by SPSS (version 16) at a significance level of 0.05. Results A total of 28 women were enrolled in this study (ie, 14 individuals in each group). The frequencies of sleep disorder in the case and control groups were obtained as 64.3% and 50%, respectively (P=0.4). These two groups had the mean sleep onset times of 10.76±10.64 and 8.67±7.12 min (P=0.5) and the respiratory disturbance indices of 9.20±10.23 and 8.44±9.27, respectively (P=0.8). The frequency of sleep apnoea was obtained at 50% for both case and control groups (P=1). There was no significant difference between these groups in terms of the mean serum prolactin and melatonin levels (P=0.3 and P=0.2, respectively). Serum melatonin level showed a direct correlation with sleep latency to N1 (i.e., the first part of non-rapid eye movement in sleep) and spontaneous arousal index in the case group (P=0.02, r=0.602 and P=0.04, r=0.544, respectively). Conclusion According to the findings, there was no significant difference in the frequency of sleep disorders between the healthy subjects and patients at the onset of lupus. Additionally, melatonin and prolactin levels showed no significant difference between the groups. Our results are inconsistent with previous studies, due to the difference in disease duration probably. It seems that the chronicity and complications of the disease, as well as the adoption of glucocorticoid therapy for the chronic disease affect sleep quality in SLE patients more than disease duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Sahebari
- Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sahar Ravanshad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yalda Ravanshad
- Education Development Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Community Medicine, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fariborz Rezaeitalab
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Houshang Rafat Panah Bayegi
- Immunology Research Center, Division of Inflammatory Disease, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hadi Asadpour
- Sleep Clinic of Ebn-e-Sina Hospital, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Alireza Javadinia
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Rezaieyazdi
- Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a gynecotropic autoimmune vasculitis with manifestations in various organ systems including the skin, internal organs, and joints. OBJECTIVE Presentation of the atypical arthritis patterns of the hands in SLE as the most common autoimmunologic rheumatologic disease from the group of collagenoses in the context of clinical and serological findings and considering the classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology compared to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Narrative review based on the current literature on the subject from a radiological and rheumatological point of view. RESULTS In 80-90% of all SLE cases, hand joint manifestations can be detected, mostly in the form of non-erosive oligo- or polyarthralgias with the picture of so-called luxation arthropathies and with the pattern of a so-called Jaccoud's or Lupus' syndrome, which are accompanied by "carpal instability" in 15% of cases. In association with an antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, ischemic osteonecrosis may occur in 5-50% of SLE, predominantly in weight-bearing areas of the skeleton, and less frequently in the carpal bones or metacarpal heads. The rare rhupus syndrome comprises patients with overlap of RA and SLE features. CONCLUSIONS Due to the heterogeneity of the symptoms and the often individually very different courses, the diagnosis of SLE can be difficult. Since new drug therapy concepts have significantly increased the 5‑year survival rates of SLE from 0% in the 1950s to 70-90% in recent decades, a timely and definite diagnosis is necessary, to which radiologists can also contribute by correctly classifying the image morphological SLE arthritis patterns in the hands.
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Prolactin Increases the Frequency of Follicular T Helper Cells with Enhanced IL21 Secretion and OX40 Expression in Lupus-Prone MRL/lpr Mice. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:6630715. [PMID: 33763492 PMCID: PMC7963914 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6630715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is characterized by high levels of IgG class autoantibodies that contribute to the pathophysiology of the disease. The formation of these autoantibodies occurs in the germinal centers, where there is cooperation between follicular T helper cells (TFH) and autoreactive B cells. Prolactin has been reported to exacerbate the clinical manifestations of lupus by increasing autoantibody concentrations. The objective of this study was to characterize the participation of prolactin in the differentiation and activation of TFH cells, by performing in vivo and in vitro tests with lupus-prone mice, using flow cytometry and real-time PCR. We found that TFH cells express the long isoform of the prolactin receptor and promoted STAT3 phosphorylation. Receptor expression was higher in MRL/lpr mice and correlative with the manifestations of the disease. Although prolactin does not intervene in the differentiation of TFH cells, it does favor their activation by increasing the percentage of TFH OX40+ and TFH IL21+ cells, as well as leading to high serum concentrations of IL21. These results support a mechanism in which prolactin participates in the emergence of lupus by inducing overactive TFH cells and perhaps promoting dysfunctional germinal centers.
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Flores-Fernández R, Aponte-López A, Suárez-Arriaga MC, Gorocica-Rosete P, Pizaña-Venegas A, Chávez-Sanchéz L, Blanco-Favela F, Fuentes-Pananá EM, Chávez-Rueda AK. Prolactin Rescues Immature B Cells from Apoptosis-Induced BCR-Aggregation through STAT3, Bcl2a1a, Bcl2l2, and Birc5 in Lupus-Prone MRL/lpr Mice. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020316. [PMID: 33557010 PMCID: PMC7913714 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-reactive immature B cells are eliminated through apoptosis by tolerance mechanisms, failing to eliminate these cells results in autoimmune diseases. Prolactin is known to rescue immature B cells from B cell receptor engagement-induced apoptosis in lupus-prone mice. The objective of this study was to characterize in vitro prolactin signaling in immature B cells, using sorting, PCR array, RT-PCR, flow cytometry, and chromatin immunoprecipitation. We found that all B cell maturation stages in bone marrow express the prolactin receptor long isoform, in both wild-type and MRL/lpr mice, but its expression increased only in the immature B cells of the latter, particularly at the onset of lupus. In these cells, activation of the prolactin receptor promoted STAT3 phosphorylation and upregulation of the antiapoptotic Bcl2a1a, Bcl2l2, and Birc5 genes. STAT3 binding to the promoter region of these genes was confirmed through chromatin immunoprecipitation. Furthermore, inhibitors of prolactin signaling and STAT3 activation abolished the prolactin rescue of self-engaged MRL/lpr immature B cells. These results support a mechanism in which prolactin participates in the emergence of lupus through the rescue of self-reactive immature B cell clones from central tolerance clonal deletion through the activation of STAT3 and transcriptional regulation of a complex network of genes related to apoptosis resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Flores-Fernández
- UIM en Inmunologia, Hospital de Pediatría, CMN SIGLO XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (R.F.-F.); (L.C.-S.); (F.B.-F.)
| | - Angélica Aponte-López
- Unidad de Investigación en Virología y Cáncer, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (A.A.-L.); (M.C.S.-A.)
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Mayra C. Suárez-Arriaga
- Unidad de Investigación en Virología y Cáncer, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (A.A.-L.); (M.C.S.-A.)
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Bioinformática Genómica, ENCB, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Patricia Gorocica-Rosete
- Departamento de Investigación en Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosió Villegas”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Alberto Pizaña-Venegas
- Unidad de Investigación y Bioterio, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosió Villegas”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Luis Chávez-Sanchéz
- UIM en Inmunologia, Hospital de Pediatría, CMN SIGLO XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (R.F.-F.); (L.C.-S.); (F.B.-F.)
| | - Francico Blanco-Favela
- UIM en Inmunologia, Hospital de Pediatría, CMN SIGLO XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (R.F.-F.); (L.C.-S.); (F.B.-F.)
| | - Ezequiel M. Fuentes-Pananá
- Unidad de Investigación en Virología y Cáncer, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (A.A.-L.); (M.C.S.-A.)
- Correspondence: or (E.M.F.-P.); or (A.K.C.-R.); Tel.: +52-5544349663 (E.M.F.-P.); +52-555627694 (A.K.C.-R.)
| | - Adriana K. Chávez-Rueda
- UIM en Inmunologia, Hospital de Pediatría, CMN SIGLO XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (R.F.-F.); (L.C.-S.); (F.B.-F.)
- Correspondence: or (E.M.F.-P.); or (A.K.C.-R.); Tel.: +52-5544349663 (E.M.F.-P.); +52-555627694 (A.K.C.-R.)
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Zhou H, Chen D, Xie G, Li J, Tang J, Tang L. LncRNA-mediated ceRNA network was identified as a crucial determinant of differential effects in periodontitis and periimplantitis by high-throughput sequencing. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2020; 22:424-450. [PMID: 32319195 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Although periimplantitis and periodontitis share similar features, particularly clinical features, they are two different diseases and should be analyzed separately. Thus far, few omics-level differences in periimplantitis and periodontitis have been reported. This study was aimed at exploring the differential effects of expression mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs in periodontitis and periimplantitis by high-throughput sequencing and competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) analysis. METHODS Gingival tissues of healthy individuals (HI) and periimplantitis (PI) and periodontitis (P) patients were collected and used for genome-wide sequencing. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened and visualized by R software. The functions and pathways of DEGs were analyzed using Metascape, and the ceRNA network was constructed using the Cytoscape software. Finally, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to predict the function of key nodes in ceRNA. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION By constructing the regulated ceRNA network, six genes (FAM126B, SORL1, PRLR, CPEB2, RAP2C, and YOD1) and 16 miRNAs (hsa-miR-338-5p, hsa-miR-650, hsa-miR-9-5p, hsa-miR-1290, hsa-miR-544a, hsa-miR-3179, hsa-miR-1269a, hsa-miR-3679-5p, hsa-miR-149-5p, hsa-miR-615-3p, hsa-miR-33b-5p, hsa-miR-31-5p, hsa-miR-4639-5p, hsa-miR-204-5p, hsa-miR-5588-5p, and hsa-mir-196a-5p) were detected. Five long non-coding RNAs (lnc-CORO2B-1, lnc-MBL2-7, lnc-TRIM45-1, lnc-CHST10-2, and lnc-TNP1-6) were found to target these miRNAs in this ceRNA network. The ceRNA network based on transcriptome data revealed that FAM126B, SORL1, PRLR, CPEB2, RAP2C, and YOD1 were crucial proteins of differential effects in periodontitis and periimplantitis. The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction involved the regulation of the Hippo signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NOD signaling pathway, oxidative stress, and innate immune process. These regulated pathways and biological processes may be factors contributing to the pathogenesis of periimplantitis being distinct from that of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailun Zhou
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Stomatology Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction of Oral and Maxillofacial Research, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Treatment and Research for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Donghui Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction of Oral and Maxillofacial Research, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Treatment and Research for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, China.,Department of Periodontology, Stomatology Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Guifang Xie
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin, China
| | - Jiaojie Li
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Stomatology Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction of Oral and Maxillofacial Research, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Treatment and Research for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Jianjia Tang
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Stomatology Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction of Oral and Maxillofacial Research, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Treatment and Research for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Stomatology Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction of Oral and Maxillofacial Research, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Treatment and Research for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, China
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Goulabchand R, Hafidi A, Van de Perre P, Millet I, Maria ATJ, Morel J, Le Quellec A, Perrochia H, Guilpain P. Mastitis in Autoimmune Diseases: Review of the Literature, Diagnostic Pathway, and Pathophysiological Key Players. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9040958. [PMID: 32235676 PMCID: PMC7231219 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9040958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis frequently affects women of childbearing age. Of all the pathological breast conditions requiring specific management, autoimmune mastitis is in the third position after infection and breast cancer. The aim of this literature review was to make a comprehensive description of autoimmune diseases targeting the mammary gland. Four main histological patterns of autoimmune mastitis are described: (i) lymphocytic infiltrates; (ii) ductal ectasia; (iii) granulomatous mastitis; and (iv) vasculitis. Our literature search found that all types of autoimmune disease may target the mammary gland: organ-specific diseases (diabetes, thyroiditis); connective tissue diseases (such as systemic erythematosus lupus or Sjögren’s syndrome); vasculitides (granulomatosis with polyangiitis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, giant cell arteritis, polyarteritis nodosa, Behçet’s disease); granulomatous diseases (sarcoidosis, Crohn’s disease); and IgG4-related disease. Cases of breast-specific autoimmune diseases have also been reported, including idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. These breast-limited inflammatory diseases are sometimes the first symptom of a systemic autoimmune disease. Although autoimmune mastitis is rare, it is probably underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed. Early diagnosis may allow us to detect systemic diseases at an earlier stage, which could help to initiate a prompt, appropriate therapeutic strategy. In case of suspected autoimmune mastitis, we hereby propose a diagnostic pathway and discuss the potential pathophysiological pathways leading to autoimmune breast damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radjiv Goulabchand
- St Eloi Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine and Multi-Organic Diseases, Local Referral Center for Systemic and Autoimmune Diseases, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, F-34295 Montpellier, France; (R.G.); (A.T.J.M.); (A.L.Q.)
- Internal Medicine Department, Caremeau University Hospital, 30029 Nimes, France
- Montpellier School of Medicine, University of Montpellier, 34967 Montpellier, France (I.M.); (J.M.); (H.P.)
- Inserm U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, St Eloi Hospital, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Assia Hafidi
- Montpellier School of Medicine, University of Montpellier, 34967 Montpellier, France (I.M.); (J.M.); (H.P.)
- Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Pathology Department, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier University Hospital, 34394 Montpellier, France;
| | - Ingrid Millet
- Montpellier School of Medicine, University of Montpellier, 34967 Montpellier, France (I.M.); (J.M.); (H.P.)
- Lapeyronie Hospital, Montpellier University, Medical Imaging Department, 371 Avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandre Thibault Jacques Maria
- St Eloi Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine and Multi-Organic Diseases, Local Referral Center for Systemic and Autoimmune Diseases, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, F-34295 Montpellier, France; (R.G.); (A.T.J.M.); (A.L.Q.)
- Montpellier School of Medicine, University of Montpellier, 34967 Montpellier, France (I.M.); (J.M.); (H.P.)
- Inserm U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, St Eloi Hospital, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Morel
- Montpellier School of Medicine, University of Montpellier, 34967 Montpellier, France (I.M.); (J.M.); (H.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, CHU and University of Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Alain Le Quellec
- St Eloi Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine and Multi-Organic Diseases, Local Referral Center for Systemic and Autoimmune Diseases, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, F-34295 Montpellier, France; (R.G.); (A.T.J.M.); (A.L.Q.)
- Montpellier School of Medicine, University of Montpellier, 34967 Montpellier, France (I.M.); (J.M.); (H.P.)
| | - Hélène Perrochia
- Montpellier School of Medicine, University of Montpellier, 34967 Montpellier, France (I.M.); (J.M.); (H.P.)
- Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Pathology Department, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Guilpain
- St Eloi Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine and Multi-Organic Diseases, Local Referral Center for Systemic and Autoimmune Diseases, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, F-34295 Montpellier, France; (R.G.); (A.T.J.M.); (A.L.Q.)
- Montpellier School of Medicine, University of Montpellier, 34967 Montpellier, France (I.M.); (J.M.); (H.P.)
- Inserm U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, St Eloi Hospital, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-467-337332
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Koczo A, Marino A, Jeyabalan A, Elkayam U, Cooper LT, Fett J, Briller J, Hsich E, Blauwet L, McTiernan C, Morel PA, Hanley-Yanez K, McNamara DM. Breastfeeding, Cellular Immune Activation, and Myocardial Recovery in Peripartum Cardiomyopathy. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2019; 4:291-300. [PMID: 31312753 PMCID: PMC6609998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of peripartum cardiomyopathy remains unknown. One hypothesis is that an increase in the 16-kDa form of prolactin is pathogenic and suggests that breastfeeding may worsen peripartum cardiomyopathy by increasing prolactin, while bromocriptine, which blocks prolactin release, may be therapeutic. An autoimmune etiology has also been proposed. The authors investigated the impact of breastfeeding on cellular immunity and myocardial recovery for women with peripartum cardiomyopathy in the IPAC (Investigations in Pregnancy Associated Cardiomyopathy) study. Women who breastfed had elevated prolactin, and prolactin levels correlated with elevations in CD8+ T cells. However, despite elevated prolactin and cytotoxic T cell subsets, myocardial recovery was not impaired in breastfeeding women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Koczo
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amy Marino
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Arun Jeyabalan
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Uri Elkayam
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - James Fett
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | | | - Penelope A Morel
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Göschl L, Scheinecker C, Bonelli M. Treg cells in autoimmunity: from identification to Treg-based therapies. Semin Immunopathol 2019; 41:301-314. [PMID: 30953162 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-019-00741-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory (Treg) cells are key regulators of inflammation and important for immune tolerance and homeostasis. A major progress has been made in the identification and classification of Treg cells. Due to technological advances, we have gained deep insights in the epigenetic regulation of Treg cells. The use of fate reporter mice allowed addressing the functional consequences of loss of Foxp3 expression. Depending on the environment Treg cells gain effector functions upon loss of Foxp3 expression. However, the traditional view that Treg cells become necessarily pathogenic by gaining effector functions was challenged by recent findings and supports the notion of Treg cell lineage plasticity. Treg cell stability is also a major issue for Treg cell therapies. Clinical trials are designed to use polyclonal Treg cells as therapeutic tools. Here, we summarize the role of Treg cells in selected autoimmune diseases and recent advances in the field of Treg targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Göschl
- Internal Medicine III, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Scheinecker
- Internal Medicine III, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Bonelli
- Internal Medicine III, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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12
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Kailashiya V, Singh U, Rana R, Singh NK, Dash D, Kailashiya J. Regulatory T Cells and Their Association with Serum Markers and Symptoms in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Immunol Invest 2018; 48:64-78. [DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2018.1527852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kailashiya
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Usha Singh
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ranjan Rana
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Nand Kumar Singh
- Division of Rheumatology of Department of Medicine, Sir Sunderlal Hospital, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Debabrata Dash
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Jyotsna Kailashiya
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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The Proportion of Regulatory T Cells in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Meta-Analysis. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:7103219. [PMID: 30255107 PMCID: PMC6140280 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7103219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence indicates that a deficiency in or dysfunction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) is involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). As different markers have been used to identify Tregs, recent studies on the proportions of Tregs in SLE patients have generated controversial results. To clarify the status of Tregs in such patients, we determined the proportions of Tregs present during development of the disease, with special consideration of controversial cellular markers. Methods We identified studies reporting the proportions of Tregs in SLE patients by searching relevant databases through March 2018. Using the PRISMA guidelines, we performed a random effects meta-analysis of the frequencies of Tregs defined in different ways. Inconsistency was evaluated using the I-squared index (I2), and publication bias was assessed by examining funnel plot asymmetry using the Begger and Egger tests. Results Forty-four studies involving 2779 participants were included in the meta-analysis. No significant difference in the proportions of Tregs was evident between 1772 patients and 1007 controls [−0.191, (−0.552, 0.362), p = 0.613, I2 = 95.7%]. We next conducted subanalyses based on individual definitions of Tregs. When the Treg definition included “FOXP3-positive” cells, the proportions did not differ between SLE patients and controls [−0.042, (−0.548, 0.632), p = 0.889, I2 = 96.6%]; this was the case when Tregs were defined as either “CD25low/−FOXP3+” or “CD25high/+FOXP3+” cells. SLE patients had lower proportions of Tregs that were “single CD25-positive” [−1.428, (−1.982, −0.873), p < 0.001, I2 = 93.4%] and “CD127-negative” [−1.093, (−2.002, −0.183), p = 0.018, I2 = 92.6%] compared to controls. Tregs defined as “CD25bright,” “CD25bright/highCD127low/−,” and “CD25highCD127low/−FOXP3+” did not differ in proportion between SLE patients and controls. Conclusions The Treg proportions varied by the cellular identification method used. The proportions of Tregs that were accurately identified and functionally validated fell among patients with SLE. Stricter definitions of Tregs are necessary when evaluating the status of such patients.
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Legorreta-Herrera M. The Influence of Prolactin on the Immune Response to Parasitic Diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/nib-170131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martha Legorreta-Herrera
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Molecular, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
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Qian S, Yang Y, Li N, Cheng T, Wang X, Liu J, Li X, Desiderio DM, Zhan X. Prolactin Variants in Human Pituitaries and Pituitary Adenomas Identified With Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis and Mass Spectrometry. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:468. [PMID: 30210449 PMCID: PMC6121189 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human prolactin (hPRL) plays multiple roles in growth, metabolism, development, reproduction, and immunoregulation, which is an important protein synthesized in a pituitary. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) is an effective method in identity of protein variants for in-depth insight into functions of that protein. 2DE, 2DE-based PRL-immunoblot, mass spectrometry, and bioinformatics were used to analyze hPRL variants in human normal (control; n = 8) pituitaries and in five subtypes of pituitary adenomas [NF- (n = 3)-, FSH+ (n = 3)-, LH+ (n = 3)-, FSH+/LH+ (n = 3)-, and PRL+ (n = 3)-adenomas]. Six hPRL variants were identified with different isoelectric point (pI)-relative molecular mass (Mr ) distribution on a 2DE pattern, including variants V1 (pI 6.1; 26.0 kDa), V2 (pI 6.3; 26.4 kDa), V3 (pI 6.3; 27.9 kDa), V4 (pI 6.5; 26.1 kDa), V5 (pI 6.8; 25.9 kDa), and V6 (pI 6.7; 25.9 kDa). Compared to controls, except for variants V2-V6 in PRL-adenomas, V2 in FSH+-adenomas, and V3 in NF--adenomas, the other PRL variants were significantly downregulated in each subtype of pituitary adenomas. Moreover, the pattern of those six PRL variants was significantly different among five subtypes of pituitary adenomas relative to control pituitaries. Different hPRL variants might be involved in different types of PRL receptor-signaling pathways in a given condition. Those findings clearly revealed the existence of six hPRL variants in human pituitaries, and the pattern changes of six hPRL variants among different subtypes of pituitary adenomas, which provide novel clues to further study the functions, and mechanisms of action, of hPRL in human pituitary and in PRL-related diseases, and the potential clinical value in pituitary adenomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehua Qian
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Structural Biology and Drug Design, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongmei Yang
- Geriatric Department of Cadre's Ward, Baoji Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Baoji, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Structural Biology and Drug Design, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tingting Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Structural Biology and Drug Design, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Structural Biology and Drug Design, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Bio-Analytical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Modern Analytical Testing Center, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dominic M. Desiderio
- The Charles B. Stout Neuroscience Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Structural Biology and Drug Design, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
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16
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Recalde G, Moreno-Sosa T, Yúdica F, Quintero CA, Sánchez MB, Jahn GA, Kalergis AM, Mackern-Oberti JP. Contribution of sex steroids and prolactin to the modulation of T and B cells during autoimmunity. Autoimmun Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Auriemma RS, De Alcubierre D, Pirchio R, Pivonello R, Colao A. The effects of hyperprolactinemia and its control on metabolic diseases. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2018; 13:99-106. [PMID: 30058862 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2018.1434412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hyperprolactinaemia has been implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity and glucose intolerance and is reportedly associated with impaired metabolic profile and metabolic syndrome in approximately one third of patients. AREAS COVERED Suppression of dopaminergic tone has been proposed as a potential mechanism responsible for weight gain and metabolic abnormalities in such patients. Dopamine receptor type 2 (D2R) is abundantly expressed on human pancreatic β-cell and adipocytes, suggesting a regulatory role for peripheral dopamine in insulin and adipose functions. Medical treatment with the dopamine-agonists bromocriptine and cabergoline has been shown to significantly improve gluco-insulinemic and lipid profile, also reducing the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. In patients with concomitant hypogonadism, simultaneous correction of both PRL excess and testosterone deficiency is mandatory to improve insulin resistance and metabolic abnormalities. EXPERT COMMENTARY Hyperprolactinemia promotes metabolic alterations. Control of PRL excess by dopamine agonists is mandatory to induce weight loss and to improve metabolic profile, and replacement treatment for concomitant hypogonadism effectively ameliorates insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata S Auriemma
- a Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia , University of Naples Federico II , Naples , Italy
| | - Dario De Alcubierre
- a Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia , University of Naples Federico II , Naples , Italy
| | - Rosa Pirchio
- a Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia , University of Naples Federico II , Naples , Italy
| | - Rosario Pivonello
- a Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia , University of Naples Federico II , Naples , Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- a Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia , University of Naples Federico II , Naples , Italy
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Jiang TJ, Cao XL, Luan S, Cui WH, Qiu SH, Wang YC, Zhao CJ, Fu P. Percentage and function of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in patients with hyperthyroidism. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:2137-2144. [PMID: 29207121 PMCID: PMC5783454 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study observed the percentage of peripheral blood (PB) CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and the influence of CD4+CD25+ Tregs on the proliferation of naïve CD4 T cells in patients with hyperthyroidism. Furthermore, preliminary discussions are presented on the action mechanism of CD4+CD25+ Tregs on hyperthyroidism attacks. The present study identified that compared with the percentage of PB CD4+CD25+ Tregs in healthy control subjects, no significant changes were observed in the percentage of PB CD4+CD25+ Tregs in patients with hyperthyroidism (P>0.05). For patients with hyperthyroidism, CD4+CD25+ Tregs exhibited significantly reduced inhibition of the proliferation of naïve CD4 T cells and decreased secretion capacity on the cytokines of CD4 T cells, compared with those of healthy control subjects (P<0.05). In addition, it was demonstrated that thyroid function of patients with hyperthyroidism was significantly improved (P<0.05) subsequent to receiving medication. Compared with the percentage of PB CD4+CD25+ Tregs in patients with hyperthyroidism before treatment, no significant changes were observed in the percentage of PB CD4+CD25+ Tregs in hyperthyroidism patients following treatment (P>0.05). In the patients with hyperthyroidism, following treatment, CD4+CD25+ Tregs exhibited significantly increased inhibition of the proliferation of naïve CD4 T cells and increased secretion capacity of CD4 T cell cytokines, compared with those of the patients with hyperthyroidism prior to treatment (P<0.05). PB CD4+CD25+ Tregs function was decreased in patients with hyperthyroidism, and its non-proportional decrease may be closely associated with the occurrence and progression of hyperthyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Jun Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Liang Cao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Sha Luan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Hui Cui
- Harbin Orthopedics Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
| | - Si-Huang Qiu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Chao Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Jiu Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Peng Fu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, 1st Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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Pereira LMS, Gomes STM, Ishak R, Vallinoto ACR. Regulatory T Cell and Forkhead Box Protein 3 as Modulators of Immune Homeostasis. Front Immunol 2017; 8:605. [PMID: 28603524 PMCID: PMC5445144 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3) is an essential molecular marker of regulatory T cell (Treg) development in different microenvironments. Tregs are cells specialized in the suppression of inadequate immune responses and the maintenance of homeostatic tolerance. Studies have addressed and elucidated the role played by FOXP3 and Treg in countless autoimmune and infectious diseases as well as in more specific cases, such as cancer. Within this context, the present article reviews aspects of the immunoregulatory profile of FOXP3 and Treg in the management of immune homeostasis, including issues relating to pathology as well as immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonn Mendes Soares Pereira
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Samara Tatielle Monteiro Gomes
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Ishak
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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21
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Chen C, Liang J, Yao G, Chen H, Shi B, Zhang Z, Zhao C, Zhang H, Sun L. Mesenchymal stem cells upregulate Treg cells via sHLA-G in SLE patients. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 44:234-241. [PMID: 28129605 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soluble human leukocyte antigen-G (sHLA-G) is a non-classical HLA class I molecule, exhibiting strong immunosuppressive properties by inducing the differentiation of T regulatory cells (Treg). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation alleviates disease progression in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. However, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. OBJECTIVES To explore whether sHLA-G is involved in upregulating effects of MSCs on Treg, which contributes to therapeutic effects of MSCs transplantation in SLE. METHODS The serum sHLA-G levels of SLE patients and healthy controls were detected by ELISA. The percentages of peripheral blood CD4+ILT2+, CD8+ILT2+, CD19+ILT2+ cells and Treg cells were examined by flow cytometry. Ten patients with active SLE, refractory to conventional therapies, were infused with umbilical cord derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) and serum sHLA-G was measured 24h and 1month after infusion. The mice were divided into three groups: C57BL/6 mice, B6.MRL-Faslpr mice infused with phosphate buffer saline (PBS), and B6.MRL-Faslpr mice infused with bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs). Then, the concentrations of serum Qa-2 were detected. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from SLE patients and co-cultured with UC-MSCs for 3days at different ratios (50:1, 10:1, and 2:1) with or without HLA-G antibody, and the frequencies of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells were then determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS The concentrations of serum sHLA-G were comparable between SLE patients and healthy controls. However, there was a negative correlation between sHLA-G levels and SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) scores in active SLE patients (SLEDAI>4). We found that serum sHLA-G levels were negatively correlated with blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and 24-hour urine protein in SLE patients. The sHLA-G levels were significantly lower in SLE patients with renal involvement than those without renal involvement. The expression of ILT2 on CD4+ T cells from SLE patients decreased significantly compared to that of healthy controls. A positive correlation between the frequencies of Treg and CD4+ILT2+ T cells was found in SLE patients. The levels of sHLA-G increased 24h post UC-MSCs transplantation. The concentrations of Qa-2 in BM-MSCs transplanted mice were significantly higher than those of control group. In vitro studies showed that MSCs increased the frequency of Treg cells in SLE patients in a dose-dependent manner, which was partly abrogated by the anti-HLA-G antibody. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that MSCs may alleviate SLE through upregulating Treg cells, which was partly dependent on sHLA-G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Genhong Yao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Bingyu Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Zhuoya Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Huayong Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China.
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Elera-Fitzcarrald C, Ugarte-Gil MF, Gamboa-Cárdenas RV, Zevallos F, Medina M, Cucho-Venegas JM, Perich-Campos RA, Alfaro-Lozano JL, Rodriguez-Bellido Z, Alarcón GS, Pastor-Asurza CA. Prolactin levels are associated with a pro-inflammatory body mass distribution among women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2016; 26:808-814. [PMID: 27852933 DOI: 10.1177/0961203316678673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The objective of this study was to determine whether prolactin levels are associated with a pro-inflammatory body mass distribution in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in consecutive female SLE patients seen in our rheumatology department from January 2012 to July 2015. Prolactin was measured in ng/ml. Body mass distribution was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and it was divided into subtotal (whole body excluding the head), subtotal bone mineral content, lean mass index (appendicular lean mass/height2), subtotal trunk and leg fat percentages and trunk-to-leg fat ratio. The association between prolactin levels and body mass distribution components was evaluated by univariable and multivariable linear regression models adjusting for possible confounders. Results One hundred and eighty-five patients were evaluated; their mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 34.8 (13.8) years; nearly all patients were Mestizo. Patients included in this study were comparable to the rest of the cohort in terms of age, disease duration, SLEDAI, SDI and body mass index. Disease duration was 7.3 (6.6) years. The SLEDAI was 5.2 (4.3) and the SDI 0.9 (1.3). Prolactin levels were 18.9 (16.7) ng/ml. In univariable analyses, prolactin was negatively associated with bone mineral density, bone mineral content, leg fat percentage and lean mass index, and positively associated with trunk-to-leg fat ratio. In the multivariable analyses, prolactin was negatively associated with bone mineral content and positively associated with trunk-to-leg fat ratio. Conclusions Higher prolactin levels are associated with a pro-inflammatory body mass distribution in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Elera-Fitzcarrald
- 1 Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Perú.,2 Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
| | - M F Ugarte-Gil
- 1 Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Perú.,2 Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
| | - R V Gamboa-Cárdenas
- 1 Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Perú
| | - F Zevallos
- 1 Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Perú
| | - M Medina
- 1 Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Perú
| | - J M Cucho-Venegas
- 1 Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Perú
| | - R A Perich-Campos
- 1 Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Perú.,3 Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú
| | - J L Alfaro-Lozano
- 1 Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Perú
| | - Z Rodriguez-Bellido
- 1 Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Perú.,3 Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú
| | - G S Alarcón
- 4 School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - C A Pastor-Asurza
- 1 Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Perú.,3 Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú
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23
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Oxidative Stress and Treg and Th17 Dysfunction in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:2526174. [PMID: 27597882 PMCID: PMC4997077 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2526174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that involves multiple organ systems. The pathogenic mechanisms that cause SLE remain unclear; however, it is well recognized that the immune balance is disturbed and that this imbalance contributes to the autoimmune symptoms of SLE. Oxidative stress represents an imbalance between the production and manifestation of reactive oxygen species and the ability of the biological system to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage. In humans, oxidative stress is involved in many diseases, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and autoimmune diseases. Numerous studies have confirmed that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE. This review mainly focuses on the recent research advances with respect to oxidative stress and regulatory T (Treg)/helper T 17 (Th17) cell dysfunction in the pathogenesis of SLE.
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