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Pant VP, Dallakoti N, KC P, Mishra A, Pokharel S, Adhikari P, Dulal S. Plasmablastic lymphoma of the colon in HIV negative patient; a case report with literature review. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 78:103750. [PMID: 35600199 PMCID: PMC9118518 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Case presentation Clinical discussion Conclusion Plasmablastic lymphoma is a rare and aggressive variant of diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Very few cases of plasmablastic lymphoma of colon have been reported in HIV negative patients. As plasmablastic lymphoma is rare and highly aggressive, its delayed diagnosis will lead to poor outcome. Awareness about its clinical presentation, histopathological features and immunophenotype is essential for early diagnosis.
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Fukuo Y, Shibuya T, Ashizawa K, Ito K, Saeki M, Fukushima H, Takahashi M, Nomura K, Okahara K, Haga K, Akazawa Y, Nomura O, Ogura K, Okubo H, Nagahara A. Plasmablastic Lymphoma of the Small Intestine in an HIV- and EBV-negative Patient. Intern Med 2021; 60:2947-2952. [PMID: 33776007 PMCID: PMC8502670 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.6837-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare aggressive B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder that is strongly associated with immunodeficiency, most often with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, and that mainly occurs in the oral cavity. Although some clinical features can lead to a diagnosis, PBL in an extraoral site is difficult to suspect clinically in a patient who is HIV negative. The small intestine as a site of PBL has also been described very rarely. We herein present a rare case of PBL of the small intestine in an 85-year-old HIV- and EBV-negative male.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Fukuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Karin Ashizawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Japan
| | - Michio Saeki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Masahito Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Japan
| | - Kei Nomura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, Japan
| | - Koki Okahara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, Japan
| | - Keiichi Haga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, Japan
| | - Yoichi Akazawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, Japan
| | - Osamu Nomura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, Japan
| | - Kanako Ogura
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Japan
| | - Hironao Okubo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Japan
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Clinical, pathological and molecular features of plasmablastic lymphoma arising in the gastrointestinal tract: A review and reappraisal. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152973. [PMID: 32370987 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a CD20-negative large B-cell lymphoma with a plasmacytic phenotype and a dismal prognosis, which has been defined as a distinct entity only in the 2008 WHO Classification of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissue and confirmed in the 2017 Edition. Current knowledge of the biological, clinical and prognostic features of PBL is mostly limited, resulting in diagnostic issues, as well as in lack of standard of care and effective therapeutic options. PBL commonly affects the oral cavity of HIV-positive individuals, however the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the most common extraoral site, and in this location most patients are HIV-negative. In this review, we focus on the clinical, morphological and prognostic features of PBL arising in the GI tract, in order to improve knowledge on this rare, but aggressive disease.
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Küçükzeybek BB, Calli AO, Uyaroğlu MA, Sarı AA, Vatansever A, Özdemirkıran F, Payzın B. CD3 Positive Gastric Plasmablastic Lymphoma in A HIV Negative Patient: A Case Report. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.5799/jcei.328751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Lin L, Zhang X, Dong M, Li L, Wang X, Zhang L, Fu X, Sun Z, Wu J, Li Z, Chang Y, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Zhang M, Chen Q. Human immunodeficiency virus-negative plasmablastic lymphoma: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6171. [PMID: 28207555 PMCID: PMC5319544 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare subtype of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that predominantly manifests in the oral cavity. PATIENT CONCERNS Three cases of HIV-negative PBL were reported. DIAGNOSES HIV-negative PBL INTERVENTIONS:: The patient had undergone chemotherapy. OUTCOMES Clinical outcomes were very poor in Cases 1 and 3; Case 2, whose diagnosis suggested no bone marrow involvement, is still alive. LESSONS SUBSECTIONS These cases served to broaden the reported clinical spectrum of HIV-negative PBL. Clinicians and pathologists need to be familiar with lymphoma in the identified extra-oral PBL variation and there levant differential diagnosis procedures for this particular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- Department of oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan
| | - Meng Dong
- Department of oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan
| | - Ling Li
- Department of oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan
| | - Xinhua Wang
- Department of oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan
| | - Xiaorui Fu
- Department of oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan
| | - Zhenchang Sun
- Department of oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan
| | - Zhaoming Li
- Department of oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan
| | - Yingjun Wang
- Department of oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan
| | - Zhiyuan Zhou
- Department of oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan
| | - Qingjiang Chen
- Department of oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan
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Liang R, Wang Z, Chen XQ, Bai QX. Treatment of plasmablastic lymphoma with multiple organ involvement. Singapore Med J 2015; 55:e194-7. [PMID: 25630325 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2014184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We herein report the case of a 50-year-old woman who presented with persistent fever and a large mass in her right breast. Haematology, liver function, and other blood test results were abnormal. Computed tomography and positron emission tomography indicated that the lesion had spread to multiple organs. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed that the patient had plasmablastic lymphoma, an invasive and rare form of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and an underlying infection by the Epstein-Barr virus. After three rounds of CHOPE chemotherapy, followed by hyperCVAD and ESHAP, the patient achieved rapid and complete remission. This case is unusual in that the patient presented with a large breast mass and her recovery was extremely rapid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liang
- Department of Hematology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 17, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China, 710032.
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Haramura T, Haraguchi M, Irie J, Ito S, Tokai H, Noda K, Kitajima M, Minami S, Inoue K, Sasaki Y, Oshima K, Eguchi S. Case of plasmablastic lymphoma of the sigmoid colon and literature review. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:7598-7603. [PMID: 26140010 PMCID: PMC4481459 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i24.7598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that is associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Although PBL is most commonly observed in the oral cavity of HIV-positive patients, it can also be observed at extra-oral sites in HIV-negative patients. This report represents an unusual case of HIV-negative PBL that occurred in the sigmoid colon. This patient had a history of systemic lupus erythematosus and an underlying immunosuppressive state from long term steroid therapy. The lymphoma cells were positive for CD138, kappa light chain restriction and Epstein-Barr virus and negative for CD20/L26, CD3, CD79a, UCHL1 (CD45RO) and cytokeratin (AE1/AE3). The patient died approximately 2 mo after the operation. In the present paper, we review cases of PBL of the colon in HIV-negative patients.
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Human immunodeficiency virus-negative plasmablastic lymphoma: a comprehensive analysis of 114 cases. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:1615-20. [PMID: 25695332 PMCID: PMC4358079 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus-negative plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is an extremely rare entity. Its clinicopathological features, optimal treatment strategy and prognostic factors remain obsure. An extensive search was performed in the English language literature within the Pubmed database using the key words: ‘plasmablastic lymphoma and human immunodeficiency virus-negative or immunocompetent’. Data from 114 patients from 52 articles were analyzed. The mean patient age at diagnosis was 58.90 years (range, 2–86). HIV-negative PBL showed a predilection for elderly individuals (patients older than 60 years, 56.14%) and affected more males than females (M:F, 2.29:1). Ann Arbor stage IV patients accounted for 39.22% while bone marrow involvement was less frequent (12.79%). The Ki-67 index was high with a mean expression of 83%. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection was common being positive in 58.70% of the patients while herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) infection was rare being positive in only 7.55% of the patients. Immunosuppression was noted in 28.16% of patients. The median overall survival (OS) was 19 months. The 1- and 2-year survival rates were 52.3 and 45.3%, respectively. Age, gender and primary site showed no strong relationship with OS while Immunosuppression, Ann Arbor stage IV and EBV negativity were able to predict a poorer OS. Either complete remission (CR) or partial remission (PR) was superior to the refractory group in OS (P<0.0001 and P=0.0066, respectively). For stage I patients, the application of radiotherapy did not improve the OS. In conclusion, HIV-negative PBL is a distinct entity likely occurring in elderly and immunosuppressed individuals. Immunosuppression status, Ann Arbor stage IV, EBV negativity and refractory to treatment are poor prognostic factors of OS in HIV-negative PBL.
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Luria L, Nguyen J, Zhou J, Jaglal M, Sokol L, Messina JL, Coppola D, Zhang L. Manifestations of gastrointestinal plasmablastic lymphoma: A case series with literature review. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:11894-11903. [PMID: 25206297 PMCID: PMC4155383 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i33.11894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) rarely occurs in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with limited studies reported. We reviewed the clinical histories and pathology of four patients with GI PBL at our institute and similar case reports published in peer-reviewed journals. In our first case, a 40 year-old human immunodeficiency virus positive male presented with a hemorrhoid-like sensation, and was diagnosed with PBL via biopsy of a rectal mass. The second case involves a 65 year-old healthy male with bloody diarrhea who was found to have PBL in a resected sigmoid mass. The third patient was a 41 year-old male with a history of Crohn’s disease who presented with abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss. A small intestinal mass (PBL) was removed. The fourth patient was a 65-year-old male who was found PBL after surgical resection of bowel for his florid Crohn’s disease. He later developed secondary acute myeloid leukemia. Clinical outcome was very poor in 3 out of 4 patients as reported in the literature. One patient survived chemotherapy followed by autologous transplant. The prototypical clinical presentation and variations of PBL can help create a more comprehensive differential diagnosis for GI tumors and establish an appropriate therapeutic guideline.
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Saraceni C, Agostino N, Cornfield DB, Gupta R. Plasmablastic lymphoma of the maxillary sinus in an HIV-negative patient: a case report and literature review. SPRINGERPLUS 2013; 2:142. [PMID: 23667804 PMCID: PMC3647105 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare and aggressive variant of diffuse large B cell lymphoma. The prognosis of PBL patients is poor. The majority of patients succumb to a fulminant disease course, with most dying in the first year after diagnosis. The small number of HIV-negative PBL cases reported in the literature to date is composed of single case reports and small case series. Consequently, the natural history of the disease in HIV-negative individuals and the optimum treatment are not well characterized. Intensive induction chemotherapy has been associated with marked improved overall survival. However the optimal regimen has not been defined. We describe the third case of PBL of the maxillary sinus which occurred in a 24-year old HIV-negative man. We outline the clinicopathological features and report success using a hyper-CVAD regimen with 6 cycles and consolidation radiation therapy yielding a complete remission of four years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Saraceni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lehigh Valley Health Network, 1255 S Cedar Crest Blvd Suite 3200, Allentown, PA 18104 USA
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Pather S, MacKinnon D, Padayachee RS. Plasmablastic lymphoma in pediatric patients: clinicopathologic study of three cases. Ann Diagn Pathol 2012; 17:80-4. [PMID: 23036261 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2012.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is an aggressive high grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma which occurs predominantly in adult patients who are concomitantly afflicted with HIV infection. In contrast to several reports and studies of PBL in adult patients, PBL has very rarely been reported in pediatric patients. This article hereby provides collaborative clinicopathologic information of de novo PBL diagnosed in 3 pediatric patients with concomitant HIV infection. Cognizance of this rare tumor in the pediatric population coupled with antiretroviral therapy and prompt initiation of multimodality treatment may, in the future, facilitate improved outcome in pediatric patients with PBL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugeshnee Pather
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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