1
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Meng S, Hara T, Sato H, Tatekawa S, Tsuji Y, Saito Y, Hamano Y, Arao Y, Gotoh N, Ogawa K, Ishii H. Revealing neuropilin expression patterns in pancreatic cancer: From single‑cell to therapeutic opportunities (Review). Oncol Lett 2024; 27:113. [PMID: 38304169 PMCID: PMC10831399 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, one of the most fatal types of human cancers, includes several non-epithelial and stromal components, such as activated fibroblasts, vascular cells, neural cells and immune cells, that are involved in different cancers. Vascular endothelial cell growth factor 165 receptors 1 [neuropilin-1 (NRP-1)] and 2 (NRP-2) play a role in the biological behaviors of pancreatic cancer and may appear as potential therapeutic targets. The NRP family of proteins serve as co-receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor, transforming growth factor β, hepatocyte growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, semaphorin 3, epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor. Investigations of mechanisms that involve the NRP family of proteins may help develop novel approaches for overcoming therapy resistance in pancreatic cancer. The present review aimed to provide an in-depth exploration of the multifaceted roles of the NRP family of proteins in pancreatic cancer, including recent findings from single-cell analysis conducted within the context of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, which revealed the intricate involvement of NRP proteins at the cellular level. Through these efforts, the present study endeavored to further reveal their relationships with different biological processes and their potential as therapeutic targets in various treatment modalities, offering novel perspectives and directions for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sikun Meng
- Department of Medical Data Science, Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Hara
- Department of Medical Data Science, Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Sato
- Department of Medical Data Science, Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shotaro Tatekawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Tsuji
- Department of Medical Data Science, Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Saito
- Department of Medical Data Science, Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yumiko Hamano
- Department of Medical Data Science, Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuko Arao
- Department of Medical Data Science, Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Noriko Gotoh
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute of Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ogawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideshi Ishii
- Department of Medical Data Science, Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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2
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Rodrigues EM, Giovanini AF, Ribas CAPM, Malafaia O, Roesler R, Isolan GR. The Nervous System Development Regulator Neuropilin-1 as a Potential Prognostic Marker and Therapeutic Target in Brain Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4922. [PMID: 37894289 PMCID: PMC10605093 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropilins are transmembrane glycoproteins that regulate developmental processes in the nervous system and other tissues. Overexpression of neuropilin-1 (NRP1) occurs in many solid tumor types and, in several instances, may predict patient outcome in terms of overall survival. Experimental inhibition of NRP1 activity can display antitumor effects in different cancer models. Here, we review NRP1 expression and function in adult and pediatric brain cancers, particularly glioblastomas (GBMs) and medulloblastomas, and present analyses of NRP1 transcript levels and their association with patient survival in GBMs. The case of NRP1 highlights the potential of regulators of neurodevelopment as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in brain cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Mello Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical University, Curitiba 80730-000, PR, Brazil; (E.M.R.)
- The Center for Advanced Neurology and Neurosurgery (CEANNE), Porto Alegre 90560-010, RS, Brazil
| | - Allan Fernando Giovanini
- Graduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical University, Curitiba 80730-000, PR, Brazil; (E.M.R.)
| | | | - Osvaldo Malafaia
- Graduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical University, Curitiba 80730-000, PR, Brazil; (E.M.R.)
| | - Rafael Roesler
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Children’s Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology—INCT BioOncoPed, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo R. Isolan
- Graduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical University, Curitiba 80730-000, PR, Brazil; (E.M.R.)
- The Center for Advanced Neurology and Neurosurgery (CEANNE), Porto Alegre 90560-010, RS, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Children’s Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology—INCT BioOncoPed, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
- Spalt Therapeutics, Porto Alegre 90560-010, RS, Brazil
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3
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White AL, Bix GJ. VEGFA Isoforms as Pro-Angiogenic Therapeutics for Cerebrovascular Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040702. [PMID: 37189449 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic angiogenesis has long been considered a viable treatment for vasculature disruptions, including cerebral vasculature diseases. One widely-discussed treatment method to increase angiogenesis is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) A. In animal models, treatment with VEGFA proved beneficial, resulting in increased angiogenesis, increased neuronal density, and improved outcome. However, VEGFA administration in clinical trials has thus far failed to replicate the promising results seen in animal models. The lack of beneficial effects in humans and the difficulty in medicinal translation may be due in part to administration methods and VEGFA's ability to increase vascular permeability. One solution to mitigate the side effects of VEGFA may be found in the VEGFA isoforms. VEGFA is able to produce several different isoforms through alternative splicing. Each VEGFA isoform interacts differently with both the cellular components and the VEGF receptors. Because of the different biological effects elicited, VEGFA isoforms may hold promise as a tangible potential therapeutic for cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Louise White
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Gregory Jaye Bix
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
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4
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Kolossváry M, deFilippi C, Lu MT, Zanni MV, Fulda ES, Foldyna B, Ribaudo H, Mayrhofer T, Collier AC, Bloomfield GS, Fichtenbaum C, Overton ET, Aberg JA, Currier J, Fitch KV, Douglas PS, Grinspoon SK. Proteomic Signature of Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease in People With HIV: Analysis of the REPRIEVE Mechanistic Substudy. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:1809-1822. [PMID: 35535576 PMCID: PMC10205625 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with HIV (PWH) have subclinical coronary artery disease (CAD) despite low traditional atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk scores. Coronary plaque in PWH presents as a unique phenotype, but little is known about the contributions of specific inflammatory pathways to plaque phenotypes in PWH. METHODS The REPRIEVE Mechanistic Substudy enrolled PWH on ART without known cardiovascular disease. We used a targeted discovery proteomics approach to evaluate 246 unique proteins representing cardiovascular, inflammatory, and immune pathways. Proteomic signatures were determined for presence of coronary artery calcium (CAC > 0) and presence of coronary plaque. RESULTS Data were available for 662 participants (aged 51 [SD 6] years, ASCVD risk score 4.9% [SD 3.1%]). Among 12 proteins associated with both CAC and presence of coronary plaque, independent of ASCVD risk score, the odds ratios were highest for NRP1: 5.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3-11.4) for CAC and 2.9 (95% CI, 1.4-6.1) for presence of plaque. Proteins uniquely related to presence of plaque were CST3, LTBR, MEPE, PLC, SERPINA5, and TNFSF13B; in contrast, DCN, IL-6RA, OSMR, ST2, and VCAM1 were only related to CAC. CONCLUSIONS Distinct immune and inflammatory pathways are differentially associated with subclinical CAD phenotypes among PWH. This comprehensive set of targets should be further investigated to reduce atherosclerosis and ASCVD in PWH. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT02344290.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márton Kolossváry
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chris deFilippi
- Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Michael T Lu
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Markella V Zanni
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Evelynne S Fulda
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Borek Foldyna
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Heather Ribaudo
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas Mayrhofer
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- School of Business Studies, Stralsund University of Applied Sciences, Stralsund, Germany
| | - Ann C Collier
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Gerald S Bloomfield
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Carl Fichtenbaum
- Department of Medicine for Translational Research, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Edgar T Overton
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Judith A Aberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Judith Currier
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kathleen V Fitch
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pamela S Douglas
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Steven K Grinspoon
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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5
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Platelet-rich plasma: a comparative and economical therapy for wound healing and tissue regeneration. Cell Tissue Bank 2022; 24:285-306. [PMID: 36222966 PMCID: PMC9555256 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-022-10039-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rise in the incidences of chronic degenerative diseases with aging makes wound care a socio-economic burden and unceasingly necessitates a novel, economical, and efficient wound healing treatment. Platelets have a crucial role in hemostasis and thrombosis by modulating distinct mechanistic phases of wound healing, such as promoting and stabilizing the clot. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains a high concentration of platelets than naïve plasma and has an autologous origin with no immunogenic adverse reactions. As a consequence, PRP has gained significant attention as a therapeutic to augment the healing process. Since the past few decades, a robust volume of research and clinical trials have been performed to exploit extensive role of PRP in wound healing/tissue regeneration. Despite these rigorous studies and their application in diversified medical fields, efficacy of PRP-based therapies is continuously questioned owing to the paucity of large samplesizes, controlled clinical trials, and standard protocols. This review systematically delineates the process of wound healing and involvement of platelets in tissue repair mechanisms. Additionally, emphasis is laid on PRP, its preparation methods, handling, classification,application in wound healing, and PRP as regenerative therapeutics combined with biomaterials and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).
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6
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Shabani Z, Schuerger J, Su H. Cellular loci involved in the development of brain arteriovenous malformations. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:968369. [PMID: 36211120 PMCID: PMC9532630 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.968369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are abnormal vessels that are prone to rupture, causing life-threatening intracranial bleeding. The mechanism of bAVM formation is poorly understood. Nevertheless, animal studies revealed that gene mutation in endothelial cells (ECs) and angiogenic stimulation are necessary for bAVM initiation. Evidence collected through analyzing bAVM specimens of human and mouse models indicate that cells other than ECs also are involved in bAVM pathogenesis. Both human and mouse bAVMs vessels showed lower mural cell-coverage, suggesting a role of pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) in bAVM pathogenesis. Perivascular astrocytes also are important in maintaining cerebral vascular function and take part in bAVM development. Furthermore, higher inflammatory cytokines in bAVM tissue and blood demonstrate the contribution of inflammatory cells in bAVM progression, and rupture. The goal of this paper is to provide our current understanding of the roles of different cellular loci in bAVM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shabani
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Joana Schuerger
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Hua Su
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Hua Su, ; orcid.org/0000-0003-1566-9877
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7
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Gioelli N, Neilson LJ, Wei N, Villari G, Chen W, Kuhle B, Ehling M, Maione F, Willox S, Brundu S, Avanzato D, Koulouras G, Mazzone M, Giraudo E, Yang XL, Valdembri D, Zanivan S, Serini G. Neuropilin 1 and its inhibitory ligand mini-tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase inversely regulate VE-cadherin turnover and vascular permeability. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4188. [PMID: 35858913 PMCID: PMC9300702 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31904-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of a functional blood vessel network relies on the ability of endothelial cells (ECs) to dynamically rearrange their adhesive contacts in response to blood flow and guidance cues, such as vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and class 3 semaphorins (SEMA3s). Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) is essential for blood vessel development, independently of its ligands VEGF-A and SEMA3, through poorly understood mechanisms. Grounding on unbiased proteomic analysis, we report here that NRP1 acts as an endocytic chaperone primarily for adhesion receptors on the surface of unstimulated ECs. NRP1 localizes at adherens junctions (AJs) where, interacting with VE-cadherin, promotes its basal internalization-dependent turnover and favors vascular permeability initiated by histamine in both cultured ECs and mice. We identify a splice variant of tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (mini-WARS) as an unconventionally secreted extracellular inhibitory ligand of NRP1 that, by stabilizing it at the AJs, slows down both VE-cadherin turnover and histamine-elicited endothelial leakage. Thus, our work shows a role for NRP1 as a major regulator of AJs plasticity and reveals how mini-WARS acts as a physiological NRP1 inhibitory ligand in the control of VE-cadherin endocytic turnover and vascular permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Gioelli
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | | | - Na Wei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Giulia Villari
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Wenqian Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Bernhard Kuhle
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Manuel Ehling
- Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Federica Maione
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Sander Willox
- Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Serena Brundu
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniele Avanzato
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Enrico Giraudo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Xiang-Lei Yang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Donatella Valdembri
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Sara Zanivan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK.
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Guido Serini
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy.
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy.
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8
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Gomazkov OA. Neuropilin Is a New Player in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19. NEUROCHEM J+ 2022. [PMCID: PMC9294753 DOI: 10.1134/s1819712422020064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract—A family of glycoproteins called neuropilins is gaining attention as a new contributor to the pathogenesis of COVID-19. The concept of penetration of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells is traditionally associated with the receptor role of the ACE2 protein. New evidence suggests that it is possible to enhance pulmonary viral infection by involvement of neuropilins. Neuropilins have two prominent features: (a) a wide range of participation in cellular and tissue processes; (b) a concomitant enhancement of effects associated with the co-reception of regulatory proteins. These features determine the special role of functionally disseminated neuropilins in the pathogenesis of vascular system damage, immunothrombosis, and organ damage with comorbid manifestations during COVID-19. However, the presentation of neuropilins as a generalized therapeutic target that has a corrective effect on the affected areas is an ambiguous approach and requires a selective strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. A. Gomazkov
- Orekhovich Scientific Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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9
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Kilari S, Wang Y, Singh A, Graham RP, Iyer V, Thompson SM, Torbenson MS, Mukhopadhyay D, Misra S. Neuropilin-1 deficiency in vascular smooth muscle cells is associated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia arteriovenous malformations. JCI Insight 2022; 7:155565. [PMID: 35380991 PMCID: PMC9090252 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.155565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) have arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) with genetic mutations involving the activin-A receptor like type 1 (ACVRL1 or ALK1) and endoglin (ENG). Recent studies have shown that Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) inhibits ALK1. We investigated the expression of NRP-1 in livers of patients with HHT and found that there was a significant reduction in NRP-1 in perivascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). We used Nrp1SM22KO mice (Nrp1 was ablated in SMCs) and found hemorrhage, increased immune cell infiltration with a decrease in SMCs, and pericyte lining in lungs and liver in adult mice. Histologic examination revealed lung arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) with enlarged liver vessels. Evaluation of the retina vessels at P5 from Nrp1SM22KO mice demonstrated dilated capillaries with a reduction of pericytes. In inflow artery of surgical AVFs from the Nrp1SM22KO versus WT mice, there was a significant decrease in Tgfb1, Eng, and Alk1 expression and phosphorylated SMAD1/5/8 (pSMAD1/5/8), with an increase in apoptosis. TGF-β1–stimulated aortic SMCs from Nrp1SM22KO versus WT mice have decreased pSMAD1/5/8 and increased apoptosis. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments revealed that NRP-1 interacts with ALK1 and ENG in SMCs. In summary, NRP-1 deletion in SMCs leads to reduced ALK1, ENG, and pSMAD1/5/8 signaling and reduced cell death associated with AVM formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - Avishek Singh
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - Rondell P Graham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - Vivek Iyer
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - Scott M Thompson
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - Michael S Torbenson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - Debabrata Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - Sanjay Misra
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
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10
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Villanueva-Cabello TM, Gutiérrez-Valenzuela LD, Salinas-Marín R, López-Guerrero DV, Martínez-Duncker I. Polysialic Acid in the Immune System. Front Immunol 2022; 12:823637. [PMID: 35222358 PMCID: PMC8873093 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.823637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysialic acid (polySia) is a highly regulated polymer of sialic acid (Sia) with such potent biophysical characteristics that when expressed drastically influences the interaction properties of cells. Although much of what is known of polySia in mammals has been elucidated from the study of its role in the central nervous system (CNS), polySia is also expressed in other tissues, including the immune system where it presents dynamic changes during differentiation, maturation, and activation of different types of immune cells of the innate and adaptive response, being involved in key regulatory mechanisms. At least six polySia protein carriers (CCR7, ESL-1, NCAM, NRP2, ST8Sia 2, and ST8Sia 4) are expressed in different types of immune cells, but there is still much to be explored in regard not only to the regulatory mechanisms that determine their expression and the structure of polySia chains but also to the identification of the cis- and trans- ligands of polySia that establish signaling networks. This review summarizes the current knowledge on polySia in the immune system, addressing its biosynthesis, its tools for identification and structural characterization, and its functional roles and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania M. Villanueva-Cabello
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología Humana y Diagnóstico Molecular, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Lya D. Gutiérrez-Valenzuela
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología Humana y Diagnóstico Molecular, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Roberta Salinas-Marín
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología Humana y Diagnóstico Molecular, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | - Iván Martínez-Duncker
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología Humana y Diagnóstico Molecular, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Iván Martínez-Duncker,
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11
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Elorza Ridaura I, Sorrentino S, Moroni L. Parallels between the Developing Vascular and Neural Systems: Signaling Pathways and Future Perspectives for Regenerative Medicine. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2101837. [PMID: 34693660 PMCID: PMC8655224 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202101837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Neurovascular disorders, which involve the vascular and nervous systems, are common. Research on such disorders usually focuses on either vascular or nervous components, without looking at how they interact. Adopting a neurovascular perspective is essential to improve current treatments. Therefore, comparing molecular processes known to be involved in both systems separately can provide insight into promising areas of future research. Since development and regeneration share many mechanisms, comparing signaling molecules involved in both the developing vascular and nervous systems and shedding light to those that they have in common can reveal processes, which have not yet been studied from a regenerative perspective, yet hold great potential. Hence, this review discusses and compares processes involved in the development of the vascular and nervous systems, in order to provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms, which are most promising with regards to treatment for neurovascular disorders. Vascular endothelial growth factor, semaphorins, and ephrins are found to hold the most potential, while fibroblast growth factor, bone morphogenic protein, slits, and sonic hedgehog are shown to participate in both the developing vascular and nervous systems, yet have not been studied at the neurovascular level, therefore being of special interest for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idoia Elorza Ridaura
- Complex Tissue Regeneration DepartmentMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityUniversiteitssingel 40Maastricht6229ERThe Netherlands
| | - Stefano Sorrentino
- CNR Nanotec – Institute of NanotechnologyCampus Ecotekne, via MonteroniLecce73100Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Complex Tissue Regeneration DepartmentMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityUniversiteitssingel 40Maastricht6229ERThe Netherlands
- CNR Nanotec – Institute of NanotechnologyCampus Ecotekne, via MonteroniLecce73100Italy
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12
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Moussaron A, Jouan-Hureaux V, Collet C, Pierson J, Thomas N, Choulier L, Veran N, Doyen M, Arnoux P, Maskali F, Dumas D, Acherar S, Barberi-Heyob M, Frochot C. Preliminary Study of New Gallium-68 Radiolabeled Peptide Targeting NRP-1 to Detect Brain Metastases by Positron Emission Tomography. Molecules 2021; 26:7273. [PMID: 34885871 PMCID: PMC8659110 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their very poor prognosis and a fatal outcome, secondary brain tumors are one of the biggest challenges in oncology today. From the point of view of the early diagnosis of these brain micro- and macro-tumors, the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic tools constitute an obstacle. Molecular imaging, such as Positron Emission Tomography (PET), is a promising technique but remains limited in the search for cerebral localizations, given the commercially available radiotracers. Indeed, the [18F]FDG PET remains constrained by the physiological fixation of the cerebral cortex, which hinders the visualization of cerebral metastases. Tumor angiogenesis is recognized as a crucial phenomenon in the progression of malignant tumors and is correlated with overexpression of the neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) receptor. Here, we describe the synthesis and the photophysical properties of the new gallium-68 radiolabeled peptide to target NRP-1. The KDKPPR peptide was coupled with gallium-68 anchored into a bifunctional NODAGA chelating agent, as well as Cy5 for fluorescence detection. The Cy5 absorbance spectra did not change, whereas the molar extinction coefficient (ε) decreased drastically. An enhancement of the fluorescence quantum yield (φF) could be observed due to the better water solubility of Cy5. [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-K(Cy5)DKPPR was radiosynthesized efficiently, presented hydrophilic properties (log D = -1.86), and had high in vitro stability (>120 min). The molecular affinity and the cytotoxicity of this new chelated radiotracer were evaluated in vitro on endothelial cells (HUVEC) and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells (hormone-independent and triple-negative line) and in vivo on a brain model of metastasis in a nude rat using the MDA-MB-231 cell line. No in vitro toxicity has been observed. The in vivo preliminary experiments showed promising results, with a high contrast between the healthy brain and metastatic foci for [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-K(Cy5)DKPPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Moussaron
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, F-54000 Nancy, France; (A.M.); (P.A.)
| | - Valérie Jouan-Hureaux
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRAN, F-54000 Nancy, France; (V.J.-H.); (J.P.); (N.T.); (M.B.-H.)
| | - Charlotte Collet
- Nancyclotep Molecular Imaging Platform, F-54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (C.C.); (N.V.); (M.D.); (F.M.)
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM, U1254, IADI, F-54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Julien Pierson
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRAN, F-54000 Nancy, France; (V.J.-H.); (J.P.); (N.T.); (M.B.-H.)
| | - Noémie Thomas
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRAN, F-54000 Nancy, France; (V.J.-H.); (J.P.); (N.T.); (M.B.-H.)
| | | | - Nicolas Veran
- Nancyclotep Molecular Imaging Platform, F-54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (C.C.); (N.V.); (M.D.); (F.M.)
| | - Matthieu Doyen
- Nancyclotep Molecular Imaging Platform, F-54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (C.C.); (N.V.); (M.D.); (F.M.)
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM, U1254, IADI, F-54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Philippe Arnoux
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, F-54000 Nancy, France; (A.M.); (P.A.)
| | - Fatiha Maskali
- Nancyclotep Molecular Imaging Platform, F-54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (C.C.); (N.V.); (M.D.); (F.M.)
| | | | - Samir Acherar
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LCPM, F-54000 Nancy, France;
| | - Muriel Barberi-Heyob
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRAN, F-54000 Nancy, France; (V.J.-H.); (J.P.); (N.T.); (M.B.-H.)
| | - Céline Frochot
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, F-54000 Nancy, France; (A.M.); (P.A.)
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13
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Padarti A, Abou-Fadel J, Zhang J. Resurgence of phosphotyrosine binding domains: Structural and functional properties essential for understanding disease pathogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:129977. [PMID: 34391832 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphotyrosine Binding (PTB) Domains, usually found on scaffold proteins, are pervasive in many cellular signaling pathways. These domains are the second-largest family of phosphotyrosine recognition domains and since their initial discovery, dozens of PTB domains have been structurally determined. SCOPE OF REVIEW Due to its signature sequence flexibility, PTB domains can bind to a large variety of ligands including phospholipids. PTB peptide binding is divided into classical binding (canonical NPXY motifs) and non-classical binding (all other motifs). The first atypical PTB domain was discovered in cerebral cavernous malformation 2 (CCM2) protein, while only one third in size of the typical PTB domain, it remains functionally equivalent. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS PTB domains are involved in numerous signaling processes including embryogenesis, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis, while dysfunction is linked to major disorders including diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, Alzheimer's disease, and strokes. PTB domains may also be essential in infectious processes, currently responsible for the global pandemic in which viral cellular entry is suspected to be mediated through PTB and NPXY interactions. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE We summarize the structural and functional updates in the PTB domain over the last 20 years in hopes of resurging interest and further analyzing the importance of this versatile domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Padarti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Johnathan Abou-Fadel
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA.
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14
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Douyère M, Chastagner P, Boura C. Neuropilin-1: A Key Protein to Consider in the Progression of Pediatric Brain Tumors. Front Oncol 2021; 11:665634. [PMID: 34277411 PMCID: PMC8281001 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.665634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropilins are transmembrane glycoproteins that play important roles in cardiovascular and neuronal development, as well as in immunological system regulations. NRP1 functions as a co-receptor, binding numerous ligands, such as SEMA 3 or VEGF and, by doing so, reinforcing their signaling pathways and can also interface with the cytoplasmic protein synectin. NRP1 is expressed in many cancers, such as brain cancers, and is associated with poor prognosis. The challenge today for patients with pediatric brain tumors is to improve their survival rate while minimizing the toxicity of current treatments. The aim of this review is to highlight the involvement of NRP1 in pediatric brain cancers, focusing essentially on the roles of NRP1 in cancer stem cells and in the regulation of the immune system. For this purpose, recent literature and tumor databases were analyzed to show correlations between NRP1 and CD15 (a stem cancer cells marker), and between NRP1 and PDL1, for various pediatric brain tumors, such as high- and low-grade gliomas, medulloblastomas, and ependymomas. Finally, this review suggests a relevant role for NRP1 in pediatric brain tumors progression and identifies it as a potential diagnostic or therapeutic target to improve survival and life quality of these young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pascal Chastagner
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRAN, Nancy, France.,Service d'Onco-Hématologie Pédiatrique, CHRU-Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Cédric Boura
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRAN, Nancy, France
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15
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Benedicto A, García-Kamiruaga I, Arteta B. Neuropilin-1: A feasible link between liver pathologies and COVID-19. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:3516-3529. [PMID: 34239266 PMCID: PMC8240058 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i24.3516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has a tremendous impact on the health of millions of people worldwide. Unfortunately, those suffering from previous pathological conditions are more vulnerable and tend to develop more severe disease upon infection with the new SARS-CoV-2. This coronavirus interacts with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor to invade the cells. Recently, another receptor, neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), has been reported to amplify the viral infection. Interestingly, NRP-1 is expressed in nonparenchymal liver cells and is related to and upregulated in a wide variety of liver-related pathologies. It has been observed that SARS-CoV-2 infection promotes liver injury through several pathways that may be influenced by the previous pathological status of the patient and liver expression of NRP-1. Moreover, coronavirus disease 2019 causes an inflammatory cascade called cytokine storm in patients with severe disease. This cytokine storm may influence liver sinusoidal-cell phenotype, facilitating viral invasion. In this review, the shreds of evidence linking NRP-1 with liver pathologies such as hepatocellular carcinoma, liver fibrosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and inflammatory disorders are discussed in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, the involvement of the infection-related cytokine storm in NRP-1 overexpression and the subsequent increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection are also analyzed. This review aims to shed some light on the involvement of liver NRP-1 during SARS-CoV-2 infection and emphasizes the possible involvement this receptor with the observed liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Benedicto
- Department of Cellular Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa 48940, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Iñigo García-Kamiruaga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, San Eloy Hospital, Barakaldo 48902, Spain
| | - Beatriz Arteta
- Department of Cellular Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa 48940, Bizkaia, Spain
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16
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Vianello A, Del Turco S, Babboni S, Silvestrini B, Ragusa R, Caselli C, Melani L, Fanucci L, Basta G. The Fight against COVID-19 on the Multi-Protease Front and Surroundings: Could an Early Therapeutic Approach with Repositioning Drugs Prevent the Disease Severity? Biomedicines 2021; 9:710. [PMID: 34201505 PMCID: PMC8301470 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between the membrane spike (S) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the transmembrane angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor of the human epithelial host cell is the first step of infection, which has a critical role for viral pathogenesis of the current coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Following the binding between S1 subunit and ACE2 receptor, different serine proteases, including TMPRSS2 and furin, trigger and participate in the fusion of the viral envelope with the host cell membrane. On the basis of the high virulence and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2, other receptors have been found involved for viral binding and invasiveness of host cells. This review comprehensively discusses the mechanisms underlying the binding of SARS-CoV2 to ACE2 and putative alternative receptors, and the role of potential co-receptors and proteases in the early stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given the short therapeutic time window within which to act to avoid the devastating evolution of the disease, we focused on potential therapeutic treatments-selected mainly among repurposing drugs-able to counteract the invasive front of proteases and mild inflammatory conditions, in order to prevent severe infection. Using existing approved drugs has the advantage of rapidly proceeding to clinical trials, low cost and, consequently, immediate and worldwide availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Vianello
- Department of Information Engineering, Telemedicine Section, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (A.V.); (L.F.)
| | - Serena Del Turco
- Council of National Research (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (R.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Serena Babboni
- Council of National Research (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (R.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Beatrice Silvestrini
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology, and Critical Area, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Rosetta Ragusa
- Council of National Research (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (R.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Chiara Caselli
- Council of National Research (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (R.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Luca Melani
- Department of Territorial Medicine, ASL Toscana Nord-Ovest, 56121 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Luca Fanucci
- Department of Information Engineering, Telemedicine Section, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (A.V.); (L.F.)
| | - Giuseppina Basta
- Council of National Research (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (R.R.); (C.C.)
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17
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Chekol Abebe E, Mengie Ayele T, Tilahun Muche Z, Asmamaw Dejenie T. Neuropilin 1: A Novel Entry Factor for SARS-CoV-2 Infection and a Potential Therapeutic Target. Biologics 2021; 15:143-152. [PMID: 33986591 PMCID: PMC8110213 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s307352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is severely challenging the healthcare systems and economies of the world, which urgently demand vaccine and therapy development to combat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Hence, advancing our understanding of the comprehensive entry mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2, especially the host factors that facilitate viral infection, is crucial for the discovery of effective vaccines and antiviral drugs. SARS-CoV-2 has previously been documented to reach cells by binding with ACE2 and CD147 receptors in host cells that interact with the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2. A novel entry factor, called neuropilin 1(NRP1), has recently been discovered as a co-receptor facilitating the entry of SARS-CoV-2. NRP1 is a single-pass transmembrane glycoprotein widely distributed throughout the tissues of the body and acts as a multifunctional co-receptor to bind with different ligand proteins and play diverse physiological roles as well as pathological and therapeutic roles in different clinical conditions/diseases, including COVID-19. The current review, therefore, briefly provides the overview of SARS-CoV-2 entry mechanisms, the structure of NRP1, and their roles in health and various diseases, as well as extensively discusses the current understanding of the potential implication of NRP1 in SARS-CoV-2 entry and COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Teklie Mengie Ayele
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Zelalem Tilahun Muche
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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18
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Chico TJA, Kugler EC. Cerebrovascular development: mechanisms and experimental approaches. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4377-4398. [PMID: 33688979 PMCID: PMC8164590 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03790-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The cerebral vasculature plays a central role in human health and disease and possesses several unique anatomic, functional and molecular characteristics. Despite their importance, the mechanisms that determine cerebrovascular development are less well studied than other vascular territories. This is in part due to limitations of existing models and techniques for visualisation and manipulation of the cerebral vasculature. In this review we summarise the experimental approaches used to study the cerebral vessels and the mechanisms that contribute to their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J A Chico
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK.
- The Bateson Centre, Firth Court, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
- Insigneo Institute for in Silico Medicine, The Pam Liversidge Building, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
| | - Elisabeth C Kugler
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK.
- The Bateson Centre, Firth Court, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
- Insigneo Institute for in Silico Medicine, The Pam Liversidge Building, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
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19
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Ottaiano A, Scala S, D’Alterio C, Trotta A, Bello A, Rea G, Picone C, Santorsola M, Petrillo A, Nasti G. Unexpected tumor reduction in metastatic colorectal cancer patients during SARS-Cov-2 infection. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2021; 13:17588359211011455. [PMID: 33995596 PMCID: PMC8107669 DOI: 10.1177/17588359211011455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we describe three patients affected by metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) experiencing infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) and reduction of disease burden during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) course. Insights into tumor-associated angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-2 expression and lymphocyte function suggest a correlation between host/SARS-Cov-2 infection and tumor burden reduction. This may shed new light into (a) the infection mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 virus and (b) the multiple aspects of a composite antiviral immune response with potential paradoxical and unexpected applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefania Scala
- Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS ‘G. Pascale,’ Naples, Italy
| | - Crescenzo D’Alterio
- Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS ‘G. Pascale,’ Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Trotta
- Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS ‘G. Pascale,’ Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Bello
- Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS ‘G. Pascale,’ Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Rea
- Microenvironment Molecular Targets, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS ‘G. Pascale,’ Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Picone
- Department of Radiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS ‘G. Pascale,’ Naples, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Santorsola
- SSD-Innovative Therapies for Abdominal Metastases, Department of Abdominal Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS ‘G. Pascale,’ Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Petrillo
- Department of Radiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS ‘G. Pascale,’ Naples, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Nasti
- SSD-Innovative Therapies for Abdominal Metastases, Department of Abdominal Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS ‘G. Pascale,’ Naples, Italy
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20
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Gardouh AR, Ewedah TM, Abd-Allah FI, Ghorab MM, Omran MM, El-Sawy HS. Enhanced efficacy, cellular uptake, and antiangiogenic activity of the optimized imatinib mesylate-loaded proniosomal-derived nanovesicles. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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21
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Abstract
Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), a member of a family of signaling proteins, was shown to serve as an entry factor and potentiate SARS Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infectivity in vitro. This cell surface receptor with its disseminated expression is important in angiogenesis, tumor progression, viral entry, axonal guidance, and immune function. NRP-1 is implicated in several aspects of a SARS-CoV-2 infection including possible spread through the olfactory bulb and into the central nervous system and increased NRP-1 RNA expression in lungs of severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Up-regulation of NRP-1 protein in diabetic kidney cells hint at its importance in a population at risk of severe COVID-19. Involvement of NRP-1 in immune function is compelling, given the role of an exaggerated immune response in disease severity and deaths due to COVID-19. NRP-1 has been suggested to be an immune checkpoint of T cell memory. It is unknown whether involvement and up-regulation of NRP-1 in COVID-19 may translate into disease outcome and long-term consequences, including possible immune dysfunction. It is prudent to further research NRP-1 and its possibility of serving as a therapeutic target in SARS-CoV-2 infections. We anticipate that widespread expression, abundance in the respiratory and olfactory epithelium, and the functionalities of NRP-1 factor into the multiple systemic effects of COVID-19 and challenges we face in management of disease and potential long-term sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindu S. Mayi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jillian A. Leibowitz
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States of America
| | - Arden T. Woods
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States of America
| | - Katherine A. Ammon
- USF Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Alphonse E. Liu
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States of America
| | - Aarti Raja
- Department of Biological Sciences, Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States of America
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22
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Yosef N, Xi Y, McCarty JH. Isolation and transcriptional characterization of mouse perivascular astrocytes. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240035. [PMID: 33031376 PMCID: PMC7544046 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the post-natal mammalian brain perivascular astrocytes (PAs) ensheath blood vessels to regulate their unique permeability properties known as the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Very little is known about PA-expressed genes and signaling pathways that mediate contact and communication with endothelial cells (ECs) to regulate BBB physiology. This is due, in part, to lack of suitable models to distinguish PAs from other astrocyte sub-populations in the brain. To decipher the unique biology of PAs, we used in vivo gene knock-in technology to fluorescently label these cells in the adult mouse brain followed by fractionation and quantitative single cell RNA sequencing. In addition, PAs and non-PAs were also distinguished with transgenic fluorescent reporters followed by gene expression comparisons using bulk RNA sequencing. These efforts have identified several genes and pathways in PAs with potential roles in contact and communication with brain ECs. These genes encode various extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and adhesion receptors, secreted growth factors, and intracellular signaling enzymes. Collectively, our experimental data reveal a set of genes that are expressed in PAs with putative roles in BBB physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nejla Yosef
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Yuanxin Xi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Joseph H. McCarty
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
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Rzepakowska A, Żurek M, Grzybowski J, Kotula I, Pihowicz P, Górnicka B, Demkow U, Niemczyk K. Serum and tissue expression of neuropilin 1 in precancerous and malignant vocal fold lesions. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239550. [PMID: 33002021 PMCID: PMC7529309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The study was designed to evaluate the tissue expression of NRP-1 and serum level of sNRP-1 in the same patients with intraepithelial laryngeal lesions or early staged laryngeal cancer to identify the clinical significance of these biomarkers in the diagnosis of laryngeal lesions. Material and methods A prospective analysis of tissue was performed on specimens and blood samples from 49 patients, who were admitted for surgical resection due to suspicious vocal fold lesions and were diagnosed as non-dysplasia, low-grade dysplasia, high-grade dysplasia and invasive cancers. Results ELISA was conducted on 48 blood samples. The minimum level of sNRP-1 was 0.15 ng/ml and maximum– 37.71 ng/ml. The Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance revealed no differences in sNRP-1 levels between different histopathological stages of vocal fold lesions (p = 0.234). IHC was conducted in 49 tissue samples. The evaluated mean scores of NRP-1 tissue expression were compared to histopathological stage of the lesion. The Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance revealed no differences in NRP-1 tissue expression between different histopathological stages of vocal fold lesions (p = 0.536). The correlation of tissue NRP-1 expression and serum levels of NRP-1 within analyzed group was insignificant. The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was 0.076 (p = 0.606). Conclusions The NRP-1 tissue expression and serum levels are unlikely to be a prognostic factor for identification of laryngeal dysplasia or early stage laryngeal cancer. Further studies investigating biomolecules involved in laryngeal carcinogenesis are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rzepakowska
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Michał Żurek
- Students Scientific Research Group at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Grzybowski
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Kotula
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Pihowicz
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Górnicka
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Demkow
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Niemczyk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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24
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Harman JL, Sayers J, Chapman C, Pellet-Many C. Emerging Roles for Neuropilin-2 in Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5154. [PMID: 32708258 PMCID: PMC7404143 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death worldwide, is predominantly associated with atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterised by the narrowing of large to medium-sized arteries due to a build-up of plaque. Atherosclerotic plaque is comprised of lipids, extracellular matrix, and several cell types, including endothelial, immune, and vascular smooth muscle cells. Such narrowing of the blood vessels can itself restrict blood flow to vital organs but most severe clinical complications, including heart attacks and strokes, occur when lesions rupture, triggering the blood to clot and obstructing blood flow further down the vascular tree. To circumvent such obstructions, percutaneous coronary intervention or bypass grafts are often required; however, re-occlusion of the treated artery frequently occurs. Neuropilins (NRPs), a multifunctional family of cell surface co-receptors, are expressed by endothelial, immune, and vascular smooth muscle cells and are regulators of numerous signalling pathways within the vasculature. Here, we review recent studies implicating NRP2 in the development of occlusive vascular diseases and discuss how NRP2 could be targeted for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Harman
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Jacob Sayers
- University College London, Division of Medicine, Rayne Building, University Street, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Chey Chapman
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Caroline Pellet-Many
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
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25
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Wu W, Zhong S, Gong Y, Shan Y, Yuan L, Wang L, Chen J, Zhang Z. A new molecular probe: An NRP-1 targeting probe for the grading diagnosis of glioma in nude mice. Neurosci Lett 2019; 714:134617. [PMID: 31705924 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance molecular imaging, as a safe imaging technology, provides a new idea for the early qualitative and hierarchical diagnosis of gliomas. The purpose of this study was to design and evaluate the value of neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) targeting molecular probes in the hierarchical diagnosis of gliomas. First, we created an NRP-1 targeted magnetic resonance molecular probe (USPIO-PEG-tLyP-1) by combining the polypeptide tLyP-1 with ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIONs), detecting the physical properties by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Second, in vivo experiments, we established two different degrees of malignant gliomas in-situ in nude mice by injecting U87 and CHG-5 cells. Then, to detect the binding ability of the probe with different grades of tumour tissues, we injected the probe into the tumour-bearing mice through the tail vein. Next, MRI was performed before injection, and 6 h, 12 h, 24 h after injection, and we found significantly more iron particles in the tumour tissues of U87 tumour-bearing mice than in tumour tissues of CHG-5 tumour-bearing mice. The signal intensities of the T2-weighted images of the tumour tissues of each group as well as microscopic observations by Prussian blue staining indicated that the binding ability of this molecular probe to U87 glioma (HGG) with high NRP-1 expression was significantly greater than that of CHG-5 glioma (LGG) with low NRP-1 expression (P < 0.01). Therefore, this study confirms that the novel molecular probe USPIO-PEG-tLyP-1 can be used for the grading diagnosis by MRI for gliomas of high and low grade with different NRP-1 expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhou Wu
- Department of Neurology, Specialty Medical Center of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China; Department of Neurology, The 985th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Shijiang Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Specialty Medical Center of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Yanhua Gong
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuheng Shan
- Department of Neurology, Specialty Medical Center of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - LiNa Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The 985th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Li Wang
- Nursing Department, People's Hospital of Yu ci, Jinzhong, 030600, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Graduate Department, Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, China.
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Graduate Department, Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, China.
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26
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Lowe V, Wisniewski L, Sayers J, Evans I, Frankel P, Mercader-Huber N, Zachary IC, Pellet-Many C. Neuropilin 1 mediates epicardial activation and revascularization in the regenerating zebrafish heart. Development 2019; 146:dev.174482. [PMID: 31167777 PMCID: PMC6633600 DOI: 10.1242/dev.174482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Unlike adult mammals, zebrafish can regenerate their heart. A key mechanism for regeneration is the activation of the epicardium, leading to the establishment of a supporting scaffold for new cardiomyocytes, angiogenesis and cytokine secretion. Neuropilins are co-receptors that mediate signaling of kinase receptors for cytokines with crucial roles in zebrafish heart regeneration. We investigated the role of neuropilins in response to cardiac injury and heart regeneration. All four neuropilin isoforms (nrp1a, nrp1b, nrp2a and nrp2b) were upregulated by the activated epicardium and an nrp1a-knockout mutant showed a significant delay in heart regeneration and displayed persistent collagen deposition. The regenerating hearts of nrp1a mutants were less vascularized, and epicardial-derived cell migration and re-expression of the developmental gene wt1b was impaired. Moreover, cryoinjury-induced activation and migration of epicardial cells in heart explants were reduced in nrp1a mutants. These results identify a key role for Nrp1 in zebrafish heart regeneration, mediated through epicardial activation, migration and revascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Lowe
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Laura Wisniewski
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Jacob Sayers
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Ian Evans
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Paul Frankel
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Nadia Mercader-Huber
- Department of Developmental Biology and Regeneration, Institut für Anatomie, Universität Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ian C Zachary
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, The Rayne Building, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Caroline Pellet-Many
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
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Carretero-Ortega J, Chhangawala Z, Hunt S, Narvaez C, Menéndez-González J, Gay CM, Zygmunt T, Li X, Torres-Vázquez J. GIPC proteins negatively modulate Plexind1 signaling during vascular development. eLife 2019; 8:e30454. [PMID: 31050647 PMCID: PMC6499541 DOI: 10.7554/elife.30454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorins (SEMAs) and their Plexin (PLXN) receptors are central regulators of metazoan cellular communication. SEMA-PLXND1 signaling plays important roles in cardiovascular, nervous, and immune system development, and cancer biology. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that modulate SEMA-PLXND1 signaling. As PLXND1 associates with GIPC family endocytic adaptors, we evaluated the requirement for the molecular determinants of their association and PLXND1's vascular role. Zebrafish that endogenously express a Plxnd1 receptor with a predicted impairment in GIPC binding exhibit low penetrance angiogenesis deficits and antiangiogenic drug hypersensitivity. Moreover, gipc mutant fish show angiogenic impairments that are ameliorated by reducing Plxnd1 signaling. Finally, GIPC depletion potentiates SEMA-PLXND1 signaling in cultured endothelial cells. These findings expand the vascular roles of GIPCs beyond those of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)-dependent, proangiogenic GIPC1-Neuropilin 1 complex, recasting GIPCs as negative modulators of antiangiogenic PLXND1 signaling and suggest that PLXND1 trafficking shapes vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Carretero-Ortega
- Department of Cell Biology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular MedicineNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Zinal Chhangawala
- Department of Cell Biology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular MedicineNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Shane Hunt
- Department of Cell Biology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular MedicineNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Carlos Narvaez
- Department of Cell Biology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular MedicineNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Javier Menéndez-González
- Department of Cell Biology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular MedicineNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Carl M Gay
- Department of Cell Biology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular MedicineNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Tomasz Zygmunt
- Department of Cell Biology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular MedicineNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Xiaochun Li
- Department of Population HealthNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkUnited States
| | - Jesús Torres-Vázquez
- Department of Cell Biology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular MedicineNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
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28
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Wang G, Shi B, Fu Y, Zhao S, Qu K, Guo Q, Li K, She J. Hypomethylated gene NRP1 is co-expressed with PDGFRB and associated with poor overall survival in gastric cancer patients. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:1334-1341. [PMID: 30841447 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) has been an increasingly serious problem in public health. However, there is still a lack of efficient approach to diagnosis and treatment in time, especially in the field of targeted therapy. Increasing evidences demonstrated that DNA methylation plays an essential role in tumorigenesis and progression of GC. Thus the present study aims to identify DNA methylation-based prognostic biomarkers in GC. Two methylation array datasets (GSE25869 and GSE30601) and RNA-seq based gene profiling dataset (TCGA-STAD) were employed for exploring candidate DNA methylation-based biomarkers. Univariate Cox regression analysis was used to select the most efficient prognostic genes in GC patients. Weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to screen the cluster of co-expressed genes. As a result, our data proved that NRP1 was a hypomethylated / upregulated gene in GC tissues, and PDGFRB was strongly co-expressed with it. Both of them were significantly associated with the overall survival of patients. More importantly, high expression levels of NRP1 and PDGFRB were associated with malignant phenotypes in GC patients, including Laurén histological diffuse type and higher histological grade. Patients carrying high expression level of NRP1 and PDGFRB had a nearly two-fold increased death risk than others. In summary, the hypomethylated gene, NRP1, and its co-expressed gene, PDGFRB, were significantly correlated with tumor malignant phenotypes, which might serve as potential prognostic biomarkers for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical College, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, China
| | - Yunong Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shasha Zhao
- Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kai Qu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingbo Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical College, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, China.
| | - Junjun She
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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29
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Li H, Zhao J, Liu B, Luo J, Li Z, Qin X, Wei Y. MicroRNA-320 targeting neuropilin 1 inhibits proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells and neointimal formation. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:106-114. [PMID: 30662334 PMCID: PMC6332474 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.28093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study shows that microRNA-320 (miR-320) is associated with many important cell functions, including cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. However, the role of miR-320 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and proliferative vascular diseases is still completely unclear. In our study, we found that the expression of miR-320 in human VSMCs after PDGF stimulation was significantly down-regulated in time- and dose-dependent manner. Function analyses identified that miR-320 could inhibit the proliferation and migration of VSMCs in both basal and PDGF-stimulated conditions. Furthermore, Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) was demonstrated as a direct target of miR-320 in Luciferase reporter assays and miR-320 overexpression inhibited the expression of NRP1 with or without PDGF treatment. Finally, miR-320 was markedly decreased in mice carotid arteries after ligated injury, while the restoration of miR-320 via Ad-miR-320 attenuated neointimal hyperplasia by declining the NRP1 expression. The results confirmed that miR-320 regulated proliferation and migration of VSMCs and neointimal formation by targeting NRP1. These novel findings implied that the regulation of NRP1 expression by miR-320 has important significance in the early diagnosis and treatment of proliferation vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlong Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoxin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiachen Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yidong Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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30
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Mo Z, Yu F, Han S, Yang S, Wu L, Li P, Jiao S. New peptide MY1340 revert the inhibition effect of VEGF on dendritic cells differentiation and maturation via blocking VEGF-NRP-1 axis and inhibit tumor growth in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 60:132-140. [PMID: 29730556 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development and clinical application of immunostimulatory therapy provides us a new and exciting strategy in cancer treatment of which the agents act on crucial receptors. Given the fact that Neuropilin-1(NRP-1) is essential for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to inhibit LPS-dependent maturation of dendritic cells (DCs), it may present a potentially meaningful target in cancer immunotherapy. To explore this hypothesis, we synthesized a novel polypeptide called MY1340 consist of 32 amino acids with the aim of targeting VEGF-NRP-1 axis. Pull-down assay coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis (LC-MS/MS) was firstly conducted to identify NRP-1 as a potential MY1340 interacting protein, and the interaction between them was further confirmed by western blot. The competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results revealed that MY1340 was able to inhibit the binding between NRP-1 and VEGF with IC50 7.42 ng/ml, better than that of Tuftsin, although a natural ligand reportedly specific for the NRP-1 receptor. The presence of VEGF significantly reduced the expression of human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR), CD86 and CD11C on DCs, and this effect was reverted by MY1340-augment p65 NF-κB and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. We also present evidence that MY1340 is remarkably efficacious in the treatment of mice bearing subcutaneous liver cancer and induced DC maturation in the tumor environment in vivo. Taken together, these results indicate that MY1340 may represent a potential efficient immune therapeutic compound within disease that are rich in VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Mo
- PLA General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Yu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Su Han
- DC Bio Lab, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Liangliang Wu
- PLA General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Li
- PLA General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunchang Jiao
- PLA General Hospital Cancer Center, PLA Postgraduate School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Etulain
- Laboratory of Experimental Thrombosis, Institute of Experimental Medicine-CONICET, National Academy of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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32
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Neuropilin-1 modulates TGFβ signaling to drive glioblastoma growth and recurrence after anti-angiogenic therapy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185065. [PMID: 28938007 PMCID: PMC5609745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a rapidly progressive brain cancer that exploits the neural microenvironment, and particularly blood vessels, for selective growth and survival. Anti-angiogenic agents such as the vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) blocking antibody bevacizumab yield short-term benefits to patients due to blood vessel regression and stabilization of vascular permeability. However, tumor recurrence is common, and this is associated with acquired resistance to bevacizumab. The mechanisms that drive acquired resistance and tumor recurrence in response to anti-angiogenic therapy remain largely unknown. Here, we report that Neuropilin-1 (Nrp1) regulates GBM growth and invasion by balancing tumor cell responses to VEGF-A and transforming growth factor βs (TGFβs). Nrp1 is expressed in GBM cells where it promotes TGFβ receptor internalization and signaling via Smad transcription factors. GBM that recur after bevacizumab treatment show down-regulation of Nrp1 expression, indicating that altering the balance between VEGF-A and TGFβ signaling is one mechanism that promotes resistance to anti-angiogenic agents. Collectively, these data reveal that Nrp1 plays a critical role in balancing responsiveness to VEGF-A versus TGFβ to regulate GBM growth, progression, and recurrence after anti-vascular therapy.
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33
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Bartlett CS, Scott RP, Carota IA, Wnuk ML, Kanwar YS, Miner JH, Quaggin SE. Glomerular mesangial cell recruitment and function require the co-receptor neuropilin-1. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 313:F1232-F1242. [PMID: 28835419 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00311.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteinuria has been reported in cancer patients receiving agents that target the transmembrane receptor neuropilin-1 (Nrp1) suggesting potential adverse effects on glomerular function. Here we show that Nrp1 is highly expressed by mesangial cells and that genetic deletion of the Nrp1 gene from PDGF receptor-β+ mesangial cells results in proteinuric disease and glomerulosclerosis, leading to renal failure and death within 6 wk of age in mice. The major defect is a failure of mesangial cell migration that is required to establish the mature glomerular tuft. In vitro data show that the potent chemotactic effect of PDGFB is lost in Nrp1-deficient mesangial cells. Biochemical analyses reveal that Nrp1 is required for PDGFB-dependent phosphorylation of p130 Crk-associated substrate (p130Cas), a large-scaffold molecule that is involved in motility of other cell types. In stark contrast, matrix adhesion and activation of ERK and Akt, which mediate proliferation of mesangial cells in response to PDGFB, are unaffected by the absence of Nrp1. Taken together, these results identify a critical cell-autonomous role for Nrp1 in the migratory behavior of mesangial cells and may help explain the renal effects that occur in patients receiving Nrp1-inhibitory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina S Bartlett
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rizaldy P Scott
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Isabel Anna Carota
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Monika L Wnuk
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Yashpal S Kanwar
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jeffrey H Miner
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Susan E Quaggin
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; .,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
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Camaré C, Pucelle M, Nègre-Salvayre A, Salvayre R. Angiogenesis in the atherosclerotic plaque. Redox Biol 2017; 12:18-34. [PMID: 28212521 PMCID: PMC5312547 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a multifocal alteration of the vascular wall of medium and large arteries characterized by a local accumulation of cholesterol and non-resolving inflammation. Atherothrombotic complications are the leading cause of disability and mortality in western countries. Neovascularization in atherosclerotic lesions plays a major role in plaque growth and instability. The angiogenic process is mediated by classical angiogenic factors and by additional factors specific to atherosclerotic angiogenesis. In addition to its role in plaque progression, neovascularization may take part in plaque destabilization and thromboembolic events. Anti-angiogenic agents are effective to reduce atherosclerosis progression in various animal models. However, clinical trials with anti-angiogenic drugs, mainly anti-VEGF/VEGFR, used in anti-cancer therapy show cardiovascular adverse effects, and require additional investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Camaré
- INSERM - I2MC, U-1048, 1 avenue Jean Poulhès, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse cedex 4, France; Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Faculty of Medicine, Biochemistry Departement, Toulouse, France; CHU Toulouse, Rangueil, 1 avenue Jean Poulhès, TSA 50032, 31059 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Mélanie Pucelle
- INSERM - I2MC, U-1048, 1 avenue Jean Poulhès, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Anne Nègre-Salvayre
- INSERM - I2MC, U-1048, 1 avenue Jean Poulhès, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
| | - Robert Salvayre
- INSERM - I2MC, U-1048, 1 avenue Jean Poulhès, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse cedex 4, France; Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Faculty of Medicine, Biochemistry Departement, Toulouse, France; CHU Toulouse, Rangueil, 1 avenue Jean Poulhès, TSA 50032, 31059 Toulouse Cedex 9, France.
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Muhl L, Folestad EB, Gladh H, Wang Y, Moessinger C, Jakobsson L, Eriksson U. Neuropilin 1 binds platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-D and is a co-receptor in PDGF-D/PDGF receptor β signaling. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:1365-1378. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.200493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-D is a PDGF receptor β (PDGFRβ) specific ligand implicated in a number of pathological conditions, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer, but its biological function remains incompletely understood.
In this study, we demonstrate that PDGF-D binds directly to NRP1, with the requirement of the C-terminal Arg residue of PDGF-D. Stimulation with PDGF-D, but not PDGF-B, induced PDGFRβ/NRP1 complex formation in fibroblasts. Additionally, PDGF-D induced translocation of NRP1 to cell-cell junctions in endothelial cells, independent of PDGFRβ, altering the availability of NRP1 for VEGF-A/VEGF receptor 2 signaling. PDGF-D showed differential effects on pericyte behavior in ex vivo sprouting assays, compared to PDGF-B. Furthermore, PDGF-D induced PDGFRβ/NRP1 interaction in the trans-configuration between endothelial cells and pericytes.
In summary, we show that NRP1 can act as a co-receptor for PDGF-D in PDGFRβ signaling, possibly implicated in intercellular communication in the vascular wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Muhl
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, A3:P4, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erika Bergsten Folestad
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, A3:P4, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanna Gladh
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, A3:P4, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yixin Wang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, A3:P4, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christine Moessinger
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, A3:P4, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Jakobsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, A3:P4, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf Eriksson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2, A3:P4, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
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Discoidin Domains as Emerging Therapeutic Targets. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2016; 37:641-659. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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