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Halawa S, Latif N, Tseng YT, Ibrahim AM, Chester AH, Moustafa A, Aguib Y, Yacoub MH. Profiling Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Patterns in Human Aortic and Mitral Valves. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:840647. [PMID: 35463757 PMCID: PMC9019152 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.840647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac valves exhibit highly complex structures and specialized functions that include dynamic interactions between cells, extracellular matrix (ECM) and their hemodynamic environment. Valvular gene expression is tightly regulated by a variety of mechanisms including epigenetic factors such as histone modifications, RNA-based mechanisms and DNA methylation. To date, methylation fingerprints of non-diseased human aortic and mitral valves have not been studied. In this work we analyzed the differential methylation profiles of 12 non-diseased aortic and mitral valve tissue samples (in matched pairs). Analysis of methylation data [reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS)] of 16,101 promoters genome-wide revealed 584 differentially methylated (DM) promoters, of which 13 were reported in endothelial mesenchymal trans-differentiation (EMT), 37 in aortic and mitral valve disease and 7 in ECM remodeling. Both functional classification as well as network analysis showed that the genes associated with the DM promoters were enriched for WNT-, Cadherin-, Endothelin-, PDGF-, HIF-1 and VEGF- signaling implicated in valvular physiology and pathophysiology. Additional enrichment was detected for TGFB-, NOTCH- and Integrin- signaling involved in EMT as well as ECM remodeling. This data provides the first insight into differential regulation of human aortic and mitral valve tissue and identifies candidate genes linked to DM promoters. Our work will improve the understanding of valve biology, valve tissue engineering approaches and contributes to the identification of relevant drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Halawa
- Aswan Heart Centre, Aswan, Egypt
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
- Sarah Halawa
| | - Najma Latif
- Heart Science Centre, Magdi Yacoub Institute, Harefield, United Kingdom
- National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yuan-Tsan Tseng
- Heart Science Centre, Magdi Yacoub Institute, Harefield, United Kingdom
- National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ayman M. Ibrahim
- Aswan Heart Centre, Aswan, Egypt
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Adrian H. Chester
- Heart Science Centre, Magdi Yacoub Institute, Harefield, United Kingdom
- National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Moustafa
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Biology, American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmine Aguib
- Aswan Heart Centre, Aswan, Egypt
- National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Yasmine Aguib
| | - Magdi H. Yacoub
- Aswan Heart Centre, Aswan, Egypt
- Heart Science Centre, Magdi Yacoub Institute, Harefield, United Kingdom
- National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Magdi H. Yacoub
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Tandon I, Ozkizilcik A, Ravishankar P, Balachandran K. Aortic valve cell microenvironment: Considerations for developing a valve-on-chip. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2021; 2:041303. [PMID: 38504720 PMCID: PMC10903420 DOI: 10.1063/5.0063608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac valves are sophisticated, dynamic structures residing in a complex mechanical and hemodynamic environment. Cardiac valve disease is an active and progressive disease resulting in severe socioeconomic burden, especially in the elderly. Valve disease also leads to a 50% increase in the possibility of associated cardiovascular events. Yet, valve replacement remains the standard of treatment with early detection, mitigation, and alternate therapeutic strategies still lacking. Effective study models are required to further elucidate disease mechanisms and diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Organ-on-chip models offer a unique and powerful environment that incorporates the ease and reproducibility of in vitro systems along with the complexity and physiological recapitulation of the in vivo system. The key to developing effective valve-on-chip models is maintaining the cell and tissue-level microenvironment relevant to the study application. This review outlines the various components and factors that comprise and/or affect the cell microenvironment that ought to be considered while constructing a valve-on-chip model. This review also dives into the advancements made toward constructing valve-on-chip models with a specific focus on the aortic valve, that is, in vitro studies incorporating three-dimensional co-culture models that incorporate relevant extracellular matrices and mechanical and hemodynamic cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Tandon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
| | - Asya Ozkizilcik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
| | - Prashanth Ravishankar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
| | - Kartik Balachandran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
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Ozkizilcik A, Sysavanh F, Patel S, Tandon I, Balachandran K. Local Renin-Angiotensin System Signaling Mediates Cellular Function of Aortic Valves. Ann Biomed Eng 2021; 49:3550-3562. [PMID: 34704164 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-021-02876-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is activated in aortic valve disease, yet little is understood about how it affects the acute functional response of valve interstitial cells (VICs). Herein, we developed a gelatin-based valve thin film (vTF) platform to investigate whether the contractile response of VICs can be regulated via RAS mediators and inhibitors. First, the impact of culture medium (quiescent, activated, and osteogenic medium) on VIC phenotype and function was assessed. Contractility of VICs was measured upon treatment with angiotensin I (Ang I), angiotensin II (Ang II), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, and Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) inhibitor. Anisotropic cell alignment on gelatin vTF was achieved independent of culture conditions. Cells cultured in activated and osteogenic conditions were found to be more elongated than in quiescent medium. Increased α-SMA expression was observed in activated medium and no RUNX2 expression were observed in cells. VIC contractile stress increased with increasing concentrations (from 10-10 to 10-6 M) of Ang I and Ang II. Moreover, cell contraction was significantly reduced in all ACE and AT1R inhibitor-treated groups. Together, these findings suggest that local RAS is active in VICs, and our vTF may provide a powerful platform for valve drug screening and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asya Ozkizilcik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 122 John A.White Jr. Engineering Hall, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Fah Sysavanh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 122 John A.White Jr. Engineering Hall, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Smit Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 122 John A.White Jr. Engineering Hall, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Ishita Tandon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 122 John A.White Jr. Engineering Hall, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Kartik Balachandran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 122 John A.White Jr. Engineering Hall, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
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Engineering the aortic valve extracellular matrix through stages of development, aging, and disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 161:1-8. [PMID: 34339757 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
For such a thin tissue, the aortic valve possesses an exquisitely complex, multi-layered extracellular matrix (ECM), and disruptions to this structure constitute one of the earliest hallmarks of fibrocalcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). The native valve structure provides a challenging target for engineers to mimic, but the development of advanced, ECM-based scaffolds may enable mechanistic and therapeutic discoveries that are not feasible in other culture or in vivo platforms. This review first discusses the ECM changes that occur during heart valve development, normal aging, onset of early-stage disease, and progression to late-stage disease. We then provide an overview of the bottom-up tissue engineering strategies that have been used to mimic the valvular ECM, and opportunities for advancement in these areas.
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Tandon I, Quinn KP, Balachandran K. Label-Free Multiphoton Microscopy for the Detection and Monitoring of Calcific Aortic Valve Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:688513. [PMID: 34179147 PMCID: PMC8226007 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.688513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common valvular heart disease. CAVD results in a considerable socio-economic burden, especially considering the aging population in Europe and North America. The only treatment standard is surgical valve replacement as early diagnostic, mitigation, and drug strategies remain underdeveloped. Novel diagnostic techniques and biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of CAVD progression are thus a pressing need. Additionally, non-destructive tools are required for longitudinal in vitro and in vivo assessment of CAVD initiation and progression that can be translated into clinical practice in the future. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) facilitates label-free and non-destructive imaging to obtain quantitative, optical biomarkers that have been shown to correlate with key events during CAVD progression. MPM can also be used to obtain spatiotemporal readouts of metabolic changes that occur in the cells. While cellular metabolism has been extensively explored for various cardiovascular disorders like atherosclerosis, hypertension, and heart failure, and has shown potential in elucidating key pathophysiological processes in heart valve diseases, it has yet to gain traction in the study of CAVD. Furthermore, MPM also provides structural, functional, and metabolic readouts that have the potential to correlate with key pathophysiological events in CAVD progression. This review outlines the applicability of MPM and its derived quantitative metrics for the detection and monitoring of early CAVD progression. The review will further focus on the MPM-detectable metabolic biomarkers that correlate with key biological events during valve pathogenesis and their potential role in assessing CAVD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Tandon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Kyle P Quinn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Kartik Balachandran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
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Tandon I, Kolenc OI, Cross D, Vargas I, Johns S, Quinn KP, Balachandran K. Label-free metabolic biomarkers for assessing valve interstitial cell calcific progression. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10317. [PMID: 32587322 PMCID: PMC7316720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66960-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common form of valve disease where the only available treatment strategy is surgical valve replacement. Technologies for the early detection of CAVD would benefit the development of prevention, mitigation and alternate therapeutic strategies. Two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) microscopy is a label-free, non-destructive imaging technique that has been shown to correlate with multiple markers for cellular differentiation and phenotypic changes in cancer and wound healing. Here we show how specific TPEF markers, namely, the optical redox ratio and mitochondrial fractal dimension, correlate with structural, functional and phenotypic changes occurring in the aortic valve interstitial cells (VICs) during osteogenic differentiation. The optical redox ratio, and fractal dimension of mitochondria were assessed and correlated with gene expression and nuclear morphology of VICs. The optical redox ratio decreased for VICs during early osteogenic differentiation and correlated with biological markers for CAVD progression. Fractal dimension correlated with structural and osteogenic markers as well as measures of nuclear morphology. Our study suggests that TPEF imaging markers, specifically the optical redox ratio and mitochondrial fractal dimension, can be potentially used as a tool for assessing early CAVD progression in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Tandon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Olivia I Kolenc
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Delaney Cross
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Isaac Vargas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Shelby Johns
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Kyle P Quinn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
| | - Kartik Balachandran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
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Dexfenfluramine and Pergolide Cause Heart Valve Disease via Valve Metabolic Reprogramming and Ongoing Matrix Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114003. [PMID: 32503311 PMCID: PMC7312197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several clinical reports indicate that the use of amphetaminic anorectic drugs or ergot derivatives could cause valvular heart disease (VHD). We sought to investigate whether valvular lesions develop in response to long-term oral administration of these drugs and to identify drug-targeted biological processes that may lead to VHD. Treatment of New Zealand White rabbits with pergolide, dexfenfluramine, or high-dose serotonin for 16 weeks induced valvular alterations characterized by extracellular matrix remodeling. Transcriptome profiling of tricuspid valves using RNA sequencing revealed distinct patterns of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that clustered according to the different treatments. Genes that were affected by the three treatments were functionally enriched for reduced cell metabolism processes. The two drugs yielded more changes in gene expression than serotonin and shared most of the DEGs. These DEGs were mostly enriched for decreased biosynthetic processes, increased cell-matrix interaction, and cell response to growth factors, including TGF-β, which was associated with p38 MAPK activation. Treatment with pergolide specifically affected genes involved in homeostasis, which was corroborated by the activation of the master regulator of cell energy homeostasis, AMPK-α, as well as decreased levels of metabolism-related miR-107. Thus, both pergolide and dexfenfluramine may cause VHD through valve metabolic reprogramming and matrix remodeling.
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Pankova D, Jiang Y, Chatzifrangkeskou M, Vendrell I, Buzzelli J, Ryan A, Brown C, O'Neill E. RASSF1A controls tissue stiffness and cancer stem-like cells in lung adenocarcinoma. EMBO J 2019; 38:e100532. [PMID: 31268606 PMCID: PMC6600643 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018100532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death due to poor treatment responses and resistance arising from tumour heterogeneity. Here, we show that adverse prognosis associated with epigenetic silencing of the tumour suppressor RASSF1A is due to increased deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), tumour stiffness and metastatic dissemination in vitro and in vivo. We find that lung cancer cells with RASSF1A promoter methylation display constitutive nuclear YAP1 accumulation and expression of prolyl 4-hydroxylase alpha-2 (P4HA2) which increases collagen deposition. Furthermore, we identify that elevated collagen creates a stiff ECM which in turn triggers cancer stem-like programming and metastatic dissemination in vivo. Re-expression of RASSF1A or inhibition of P4HA2 activity reverses these effects and increases markers of lung differentiation (TTF-1 and Mucin 5B). Our study identifies RASSF1A as a clinical biomarker associated with mechanical properties of ECM which increases the levels of cancer stemness and risk of metastatic progression in lung adenocarcinoma. Moreover, we highlight P4HA2 as a potential target for uncoupling ECM signals that support cancer stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- Department of OncologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Oxford Institute for Radiation OncologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | | | - Iolanda Vendrell
- Department of OncologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- TDI Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryNuffield Department of MedicineTarget Discovery Institute University of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Jon Buzzelli
- Department of OncologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Anderson Ryan
- Department of OncologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Oxford Institute for Radiation OncologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Cameron Brown
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical EngineeringQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQldAustralia
| | - Eric O'Neill
- Department of OncologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Systems Biology IrelandUniversity College DublinDublin 4Ireland
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9
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Lam NT, Lam H, Sturdivant NM, Balachandran K. Fabrication of a matrigel-collagen semi-interpenetrating scaffold for use in dynamic valve interstitial cell culture. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 12:045013. [PMID: 28484097 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aa71be] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The study of heart valve homeostatic and disease mechanisms are often limited by the challenges in simulating the in vivo milieu, where valve cells are surrounded by the extracellular matrix in a three-dimensional (3D) environment and experience multiple dynamic mechanical forces. Type I collagen is typically the most common 3D matrix used to culture valve cells in vitro. Unfortunately, this material has poor mechanical behavior due to an inherent propensity to compact significantly, unlike native valve leaflets. We hypothesized that incorporation of matrigel, which contains other heart valve-relevant matrix components such as type IV collagen and sulfated proteoglycans, to type I collagen would provide an appropriate physiological milieu for in vitro valve interstitial cell culture. Different semi-interpenetrating mixtures of collagen type I and matrigel were prepared and a thorough characterization of their physical, mechanical and biocompatibility properties was performed. We observed that the matrigel-collagen hydrogel was porous and degradable with tunable swelling behavior. Incorporation of matrigel not only enhanced the mechanical behavior of the composite hydrogel but also presented the cultured valve interstitial cells with a more enriched extracellular matrix network for in vitro culture. We showed that cells cultured in the composite hydrogel had comparable viability, proliferation and cell phenotype as compared with those in a collagen only gel. Importantly, the composite hydrogel was also amenable to in vitro cyclic stretching culture for 48 h. Overall, we report here the potential use of the matrigel-collagen hydrogel as a three dimensional scaffold for the dynamic mechanical culture of valve interstitial cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Thien Lam
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States of America
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Salhiyyah K, Sarathchandra P, Latif N, Yacoub MH, Chester AH. Hypoxia-mediated regulation of the secretory properties of mitral valve interstitial cells. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 313:H14-H23. [PMID: 28314761 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00720.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The sophisticated function of the mitral valve depends to a large extent on its extracellular matrix (ECM) and specific cellular components. These are tightly regulated by a repertoire of mechanical stimuli and biological pathways. One potentially important stimulus is hypoxia. The purpose of this investigation is to determine the effect of hypoxia on the regulation of mitral valve interstitial cells (MVICs) with respect to the synthesis and secretion of extracellular matrix proteins. Hypoxia resulted in reduced production of total collagen and sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) in cultured porcine MVICs. Increased gene expression of matrix metalloproteinases-1 and -9 and their tissue inhibitors 1 and 2 was also observed after incubation under hypoxic conditions for up to 24 h. Hypoxia had no effect on MVIC viability, morphology, or phenotype. MVICs expressed hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α under hypoxia. Stimulating HIF-1α chemically caused a reduction in the amount of sGAG produced, similar to the effect observed under hypoxia. Human rheumatic valves had greater expression of HIF-1α compared with normal or myxomatous degenerated valves. In conclusion, hypoxia affects the production of certain ECM proteins and expression of matrix remodeling enzymes by MVICs. The effects of hypoxia appear to correlate with the induction of HIF-1α. This study highlights a potential role of hypoxia and HIF-1α in regulating the mitral valve, which could be important in health and disease.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study demonstrates that hypoxia regulates extracellular matrix secretion and the remodeling potential of heart valve interstitial cells. Expression of hypoxia-induced factor-1α plays a role in these effects. These data highlight the potential role of hypoxia as a physiological mediator of the complex function of heart valve cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem Salhiyyah
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Heart Science Centre, Harefield, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Padmini Sarathchandra
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Heart Science Centre, Harefield, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Najma Latif
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Heart Science Centre, Harefield, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Magdi H Yacoub
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Heart Science Centre, Harefield, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian H Chester
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Heart Science Centre, Harefield, Middlesex, United Kingdom
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11
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Morris BA, Burkel B, Ponik SM, Fan J, Condeelis JS, Aguirre-Ghiso JA, Castracane J, Denu JM, Keely PJ. Collagen Matrix Density Drives the Metabolic Shift in Breast Cancer Cells. EBioMedicine 2016; 13:146-156. [PMID: 27743905 PMCID: PMC5264313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased breast density attributed to collagen I deposition is associated with a 4-6 fold increased risk of developing breast cancer. Here, we assessed cellular metabolic reprogramming of mammary carcinoma cells in response to increased collagen matrix density using an in vitro 3D model. Our initial observations demonstrated changes in functional metabolism in both normal mammary epithelial cells and mammary carcinoma cells in response to changes in matrix density. Further, mammary carcinoma cells grown in high density collagen matrices displayed decreased oxygen consumption and glucose metabolism via the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle compared to cells cultured in low density matrices. Despite decreased glucose entry into the TCA cycle, levels of glucose uptake, cell viability, and ROS were not different between high and low density matrices. Interestingly, under high density conditions the contribution of glutamine as a fuel source to drive the TCA cycle was significantly enhanced. These alterations in functional metabolism mirrored significant changes in the expression of metabolic genes involved in glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and the serine synthesis pathway. This study highlights the broad importance of the collagen microenvironment to cellular expression profiles, and shows that changes in density of the collagen microenvironment can modulate metabolic shifts of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett A Morris
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, United States
| | - Brian Burkel
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States
| | - Suzanne M Ponik
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, United States.
| | - Jing Fan
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery and Biomolecular Chemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States; Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, United States
| | - John S Condeelis
- Dept. of Anatomy & Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, United States
| | - Julio A Aguirre-Ghiso
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, United States; Department of Otolaryngology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, United States; Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, United States; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, United States
| | - James Castracane
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering (CNSE), SUNY Polytechnic Institute, United States
| | - John M Denu
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery and Biomolecular Chemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States; Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Patricia J Keely
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, United States; Paul C. Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States
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Ryan AJ, Brougham CM, Garciarena CD, Kerrigan SW, O'Brien FJ. Towards 3D in vitro models for the study of cardiovascular tissues and disease. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:1437-1445. [PMID: 27117348 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering is developing biomimetic biomaterial scaffolds that are showing increasing therapeutic potential for the repair of cardiovascular tissues. However, a major opportunity exists to use them as 3D in vitro models for the study of cardiovascular tissues and disease in addition to drug development and testing. These in vitro models can span the gap between 2D culture and in vivo testing, thus reducing the cost, time, and ethical burden of current approaches. Here, we outline the progress to date and the requirements for the development of ideal in vitro 3D models for blood vessels, heart valves, and myocardial tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Ryan
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claire M Brougham
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland; School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, Dublin Institute of Technology, Bolton Street, Dublin 1, Ireland
| | - Carolina D Garciarena
- Cardiovascular Infection Research Group, School of Pharmacy & Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Steven W Kerrigan
- Cardiovascular Infection Research Group, School of Pharmacy & Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Fergal J O'Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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