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Nota A, Bertolino S, Tiralongo F, Santovito A. Adaptation to bioinvasions: When does it occur? GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17362. [PMID: 38822565 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The presence of alien species represents a major cause of habitat degradation and biodiversity loss worldwide, constituting a critical environmental challenge of our time. Despite sometimes experiencing reduced propagule pressure, leading to a reduced genetic diversity and an increased chance of inbreeding depression, alien invaders are often able to thrive in the habitats of introduction, giving rise to the so-called "genetic paradox" of biological invasions. The adaptation of alien species to the new habitats is therefore a complex aspect of biological invasions, encompassing genetic, epigenetic, and ecological processes. Albeit numerous studies and reviews investigated the mechanistic foundation of the invaders' success, and aimed to solve the genetic paradox, still remains a crucial oversight regarding the temporal context in which adaptation takes place. Given the profound knowledge and management implications, this neglected aspect of invasion biology should receive more attention when examining invaders' ability to thrive in the habitats of introduction. Here, we discuss the adaptation mechanisms exhibited by alien species with the purpose of highlighting the timing of their occurrence during the invasion process. We analyze each stage of the invasion separately, providing evidence that adaptation mechanisms play a role in all of them. However, these mechanisms vary across the different stages of invasion, and are also influenced by other factors, such as the transport speed, the reproduction type of the invader, and the presence of human interventions. Finally, we provide insights into the implications for management, and identify knowledge gaps, suggesting avenues for future research that can shed light on species adaptability. This, in turn, will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of biological invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Nota
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Ente Fauna Marina Mediterranea, Scientific Organization for Research and Conservation of Marine Biodiversity, Avola, Italy
| | - Sandro Bertolino
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Tiralongo
- Ente Fauna Marina Mediterranea, Scientific Organization for Research and Conservation of Marine Biodiversity, Avola, Italy
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- National Research Council, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alfredo Santovito
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Navarro JM, Cárdenas L, Ortiz A, Figueroa Á, Morley SA, Vargas-Chacoff L, Leclerc JC, Détrée C. Testing the physiological capacity of the mussel Mytilus chilensis to establish into the Southern Ocean. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 921:170941. [PMID: 38360303 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The Southern Ocean and the Antarctic Circumpolar Current create environmental conditions that serve as an efficient barrier to prevent the colonization of non-native species (NNS) in the marine ecosystems of Antarctica. However, warming of the Southern Ocean and the increasing number of transport opportunities are reducing the physiological and physical barriers, increasing the chances of NNS arriving. The aim of this study was to determine the limits of survival of the juvenile mussels, M. chilensis, under current Antarctic conditions and those projected under climate change. These assessments were used to define the mussels potential for establishment in the Antarctic region. Experimental mussels were exposed to four treatments: -1.5 °C (Antarctic winter), 2 °C (Antarctic summer), 4 °C (Antarctic projected) and 8 °C (control) for 80 days and a combination of physiological and transcriptomics approaches were used to investigate mussel response. The molecular responses of mussels were congruent with the physiological results, revealing tolerance to Antarctic winter temperatures. However, a higher number of regulated differentially expressed gene (DEGs) were reported in mussels exposed to Antarctic winter temperatures (-1.5 °C). This tolerance was associated with the activation of the biological processes associated with apoptosis (up regulated) and both cell division and cilium assembly (down regulated). The reduced feeding rate and the negative scope for growth, for a large part of the exposure period at -1.5 °C, suggests that Antarctic winter temperatures represents an environmental barrier to M. chilensis from the Magellanic region settling in the Antarctic. Although M. chilensis are not robust to current Antarctica thermal conditions, future warming scenarios are likely to weaken these physiological barriers. These results strongly suggest that the West Antarctic Peninsula could become part of Mytilus distributional range, especially with dispersal aided by increasing maritime transport activity across the Southern Ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge M Navarro
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro FONDAP de Investigación en Dinámica de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Punta Arenas, Chile.
| | - Leyla Cárdenas
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Alejandro Ortiz
- Centro FONDAP de Investigación en Dinámica de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Álvaro Figueroa
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Simon A Morley
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Luis Vargas-Chacoff
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro FONDAP de Investigación en Dinámica de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Punta Arenas, Chile; Millenium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems, BASE, Universidad Austral d Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Jean-Charles Leclerc
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 AD2M, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Camille Détrée
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA) Université de Caen-Normandie, CREC marine station, 54 rue du Docteur Charcot, 14530 Luc-sur-mer, France
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3
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Zymaroieva A, Bondarev D, Kunakh O, Svenning JC, Zhukov O. Young-of-the-year fish as bioindicators of eutrophication and temperature regime of water bodies. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:161. [PMID: 38231372 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12313-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Young-of-the-year fish communities are widely used as bioindicators of various environmental disturbances. This study was conducted from 1997 to 2015 and aims to develop fish trait-based indices of changes in the temperature regime and eutrophication of water bodies in the Dnipro River basin. We identified fish traits that significantly correlate with both temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration optimum: reproduction habitat, oxygen tolerance, and toxicity tolerance. Compared to other ecological groups, lithophilic species exhibited the lowest degree of thermal and eutrophication optimum, indicating this species' greater vulnerability to environmental alteration. Fish species that are intolerant to water quality and low oxygen concentration were the most sensitive to changes in temperature regime and eutrophication level. Salinity preferences and water quality tolerance emerged as reliable predictors of temperature optimum. Freshwater fish had an average temperature optimum that was 4.5% higher than that of freshwater-brackish and freshwater-brackish-marine fish. Species tolerance to the temperature factors and nutrient loads correlated only with rheophily, with rheophilic species having an average 13.8% higher temperature tolerance than other fish species and a 10.4% higher chlorophyll-a concentration tolerance. The fish temperature index increased over time during the study period in all the studied water bodies, consistent with ongoing warming affecting all sites. In contrast, the Fish Eutrophication Index showed greater temporal heterogeneity in studied water bodies, indicating various adaptative potentials of fish communities to eutrophication. These indices can be relevant for assessing disturbed situations caused by changes in climatic and anthropogenic impacts on water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Zymaroieva
- Polissia National University, Stary Boulevard 7, Zhytomyr, 10008, Ukraine.
- Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere (ECONOVO), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, C, DK-8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Dmytro Bondarev
- "Dnipro-Orylskiy" Nature Reserve, Obukhovka, Dnipropetrovsk region, 52030, Ukraine
| | - Olga Kunakh
- Oles Gonchar Dnipro National University, Gagarin av., 72, 49000, Dnipro, Ukraine
| | - Jens-Christian Svenning
- Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere (ECONOVO), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, C, DK-8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Olexander Zhukov
- Bogdan Khmelnytskyi Melitopol State Pedagogical University, Hetmanska st., 20, Melitopol, 72318, Ukraine
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Jiang S, Zhang C, Pan X, Storey KB, Zhang W. Distinct metabolic responses to thermal stress between invasive freshwater turtle Trachemys scripta elegans and native freshwater turtles in China. Integr Zool 2024. [PMID: 38169086 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Different responses or tolerance to thermal stress between invasive and native species can affect the outcome of interactions between climate change and biological invasion. However, knowledge about the physiological mechanisms that modulate the interspecific differences in thermal tolerance is limited. The present study analyzes the metabolic responses to thermal stress by the globally invasive turtle, Trachemys scripta elegans, as compared with two co-occurring native turtle species in China, Pelodiscus sinensis and Mauremys reevesii. Changes in metabolite contents and the expression or enzyme activities of genes involved in energy sensing, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle after exposure to gradient temperatures were assessed in turtle juveniles. Invasive and native turtles showed distinct metabolic responses to thermal stress. T. scripta elegans showed greater transcriptional regulation of energy sensors than the native turtles. Enhanced anaerobic metabolism was needed by all three species under extreme heat conditions, but phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and lactate dehydrogenase in the invader showed stronger upregulation or stable responses than the native species, which showed inhibition by high temperatures. These contrasts were pronounced in the muscles of the three species. Regulation of lipid metabolism was observed in both T. scripta elegans and P. sinensis but not in M. reevesii under thermal stress. Thermal stress did not inhibit the TCA cycle in turtles. Different metabolic responses to thermal stress may contribute to interspecific differences in thermal tolerance. Overall, our study further suggested the potential role of physiological differences in mediating interactions between climate change and biological invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufen Jiang
- Research Center of Herpetology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changyi Zhang
- Research Center of Herpetology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Pan
- Research Center of Herpetology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Research Center of Herpetology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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Karam Q, Guermazi W, Subrahmanyam MNV, Al-Enezi Y, Ali M, Leignel V, Annabi-Trabelsi N. Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) as a Sentinel Species to Assess Trace Metal Occurrence: A Case Study of Kuwait Waters (Northwestern Arabian Gulf). TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11050426. [PMID: 37235241 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution can adversely impact marine life, such as crabs, which can accumulate it in different organs and potentially transfer and biomagnify along the food chain in aquatic ecosystems. This study aimed to examine the concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in sediment, water, and crab tissues (gills, hepatopancreas, and carapace) of the blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus in the coastal areas of Kuwait, northwestern Arabian Gulf. Samples were collected from Shuwaikh Port, Shuaiba Port, and Al-Khiran areas. The accumulation of metals in crabs were higher in the carapace > gill > digestive gland, and the highest metal concentration was found in crabs collected from Shuwaikh > Shuaiba > Al-Khiran. The metal concentrations in the sediments were in the order Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd. Zn was the highest metal concentration detected in marine water sampled from the Al-Khiran Area, whereas the lowest metal was Cd sampled in water from the Shuwaikh Area. The results of this study validate the marine crab P. pelagicus as a relevant sentinel and prospective bioindicator for evaluating heavy metal pollution in marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qusaie Karam
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Kuwait City 13109, Kuwait
| | - Wassim Guermazi
- Université de Sfax, Biodiversité Marine et Environnement (LR18ES30), Route Soukra Km 3.5, B.P. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - M N V Subrahmanyam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Kuwait City 13060, Kuwait
| | - Yousef Al-Enezi
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Kuwait City 13109, Kuwait
| | - Mohammad Ali
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Kuwait City 13109, Kuwait
| | - Vincent Leignel
- Laboratoire BIOSSE, Le Mans Université, 72000 Avenue O Messiaen, France
| | - Neila Annabi-Trabelsi
- Université de Sfax, Biodiversité Marine et Environnement (LR18ES30), Route Soukra Km 3.5, B.P. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
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Sun H, Chen F, Hao H, Wang KJ. Multi-dimensional investigation and distribution characteristics analysis of gut microbiota of different marine fish in Fujian Province of China. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:918191. [PMID: 36238589 PMCID: PMC9551612 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.918191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays an important role in animal health and behavior. In marine fish, the composition of the gut microbiota is affected by many complex factors, such as diet, species, and regional factors. Since more than one hundred fish species have been cultured in fish farms along with the 3,324 km coastline of Fujian Province in South China, we chose this region to study the gut microbiota composition of marine commercial fishes because sufficient different species, diets, and regional factors were observed. We investigated the distribution characteristics of the gut microbiota of seven cultured species (Epinephelus akaara, Epinephelus coioides, Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀, Siganus fuscescens, Pagrus major, Lateolabrax japonicus, and Acanthopagrus schlegelii) living in the same aquatic region and one species (E. akaara) living separately in five regions separated by latitude. The impacts of diet, region, and species factors on fish gut microbiota were also evaluated. Diversity and multivariate analyses showed that the patterns of the microbiota were significantly different in different fish species within the same habitat and E. akaara with five latitude regions. Mantel analysis showed that AN, SiO32–, DO, and NO2– were the principal factors affecting the microbial community of E. akaara in the five habitats. Additionally, similar distribution characteristics occurred in different gut parts of different fishes, with an increasing trend of Proteobacteria and Vibrionaceae abundance and a decreasing trend of Firmicutes and Bacillaceae abundance from the foregut to the hindgut. Vibrionaceae was the most abundant family in the content. This study highlights that a persistent core microbiota was established in marine commercial fishes spanning multiple scales. The factors with the greatest effect on fish gut microbiota may be (i) host genetics and (ii) geographic factors rather than the microbiota in the diet and water environment. These core microbes regularly colonized from the foregut to the hindgut, which was driven by their underlying functions, and they were well adapted to the gut environment. Moreover, the microbiota in the content may have contributed more to the gut microbial communities than previously reported. This study could complement basic data on the composition of marine commercial fishes and facilitate relatively complete investigations, which would be beneficial for the healthy and sustainable development of aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Fangyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hua Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ke-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Backström T, Winkelmann C. Invasive round goby shows higher sensitivity to salinization than native European perch. NEOBIOTA 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.75.86528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Salinity is an influential abiotic environmental factor in aquatic species, specifically in freshwater, where salinization causes ecosystem degradation. Secondary salinization, that is increases in salinity due to anthropogenic activities, can affect both osmoregulation and behaviour in freshwater fishes. It is generally believed that invasive species handle climatic change and environmental degradation better than native species, which is one reason for their invasion success. However, how invasive and native species cope with salinity changes remains little understood. Therefore, we investigated how low (500 µS/cm) and high salinity (2000 µS/cm) conditions affected oxygen consumption and behaviour in the invasive round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) and the native European perch (Perca fluviatilis). Our results showed that in round goby oxygen consumption increased and swimming and non-swimming movements changed in response to salinity increments, whereas European perch was not affected by salinity. Thus, it seems as if the invasive round goby is more sensitive to changes in salinity than the native European perch. Our results fit with the minority of studies indicating invasive species being less tolerant than some native species to environmental changes. This finding could be explained by the adaptation of round goby to low salinity due to its long establishment in River Rhine. Further, our results are also confirming that the effect of salinity is species-specific. In addition, European perch and round goby show diametrically different behavioural response to disturbance which could be an effect of holding different ecological niches as well as their anatomical differences.
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Byrne M, Gall ML, Campbell H, Lamare MD, Holmes SP. Staying in place and moving in space: Contrasting larval thermal sensitivity explains distributional changes of sympatric sea urchin species to habitat warming. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:3040-3053. [PMID: 35108424 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
For marine ectotherms, larval success, planktonic larval duration and dispersal trajectories are strongly influenced by temperature, and therefore, ocean warming and heatwaves have profound impacts on these sensitive stages. Warming, through increased poleward flow in regions with western boundary currents, such as the East Australia Current (EAC), provides opportunities for range extension as propagules track preferred conditions. Two sea urchin species, Centrostephanus rodgersii and Heliocidaris tuberculata, sympatric in the EAC warming hotspot, exhibit contrasting responses to warming. Over half a century, C. rodgersii has undergone marked poleward range extension, but the range of H. tuberculata has not changed. We constructed thermal performance curves (TPC) to determine if contrasting developmental thermal tolerance can explain this difference. The temperatures tested encompassed present-day distribution and forecast ocean warming/heatwave conditions. The broad and narrow thermal optimum (Topt) ranges for C. rodgersii and H. tuberculata larvae (7.2 and 4.7°C range, respectively) matched their realized (adult distribution) thermal niches. The cool and warm temperatures for 50% development to the feeding larva approximated temperatures at adult poleward range limits. Larval cool tolerances with respect to mean local temperature differed, 6.0 and 3.8°C respectively. Larval warm tolerances were similar for both species as are the adult warm range edges. The larvae of both species would be sensitive to heatwaves. Centrostephanus rodgersii has stayed in place and shifted in space, likely due to its broad cold-warm larval thermal tolerance and large thermal safety margins. Phenotypic plasticity of the planktonic stage of C. rodgersii facilitated its range extension. In contrast, larval cold intolerance of H. tuberculata explains its restricted range and will delay poleward extension as the region warms. In a warming ocean, we show that intrinsic thermal biology traits of the pelagic stage provide an integrative tool to explain species-specific variation in range shift patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Byrne
- School of Life and Environmental Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mailie L Gall
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hamish Campbell
- School of Life and Environmental Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Miles D Lamare
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Sebastian P Holmes
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
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Querns A, Wooliver R, Vallejo‐Marín M, Sheth SN. The evolution of thermal performance in native and invasive populations of
Mimulus guttatus. Evol Lett 2022; 6:136-148. [PMID: 35386831 PMCID: PMC8967274 DOI: 10.1002/evl3.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise of globalization has spread organisms beyond their natural range, allowing further opportunity for species to adapt to novel environments and potentially become invaders. Yet, the role of thermal niche evolution in promoting the success of invasive species remains poorly understood. Here, we use thermal performance curves (TPCs) to test hypotheses about thermal adaptation during the invasion process. First, we tested the hypothesis that if species largely conserve their thermal niche in the introduced range, invasive populations may not evolve distinct TPCs relative to native populations, against the alternative hypothesis that thermal niche and therefore TPC evolution has occurred in the invasive range. Second, we tested the hypothesis that clines of TPC parameters are shallower or absent in the invasive range, against the alternative hypothesis that with sufficient time, standing genetic variation, and temperature‐mediated selection, invasive populations would re‐establish clines found in the native range in response to temperature gradients. To test these hypotheses, we built TPCs for 18 native (United States) and 13 invasive (United Kingdom) populations of the yellow monkeyflower, Mimulus guttatus. We grew clones of multiple genotypes per population at six temperature regimes in growth chambers. We found that invasive populations have not evolved different thermal optima or performance breadths, providing evidence for evolutionary stasis of thermal performance between the native and invasive ranges after over 200 years post introduction. Thermal optimum increased with mean annual temperature in the native range, indicating some adaptive differentiation among native populations that was absent in the invasive range. Further, native and invasive populations did not exhibit adaptive clines in thermal performance breadth with latitude or temperature seasonality. These findings suggest that TPCs remained unaltered post invasion, and that invasion may proceed via broad thermal tolerance and establishment in already climatically suitable areas rather than rapid evolution upon introduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleah Querns
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27695
- Division of Biology Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas 66506
| | - Rachel Wooliver
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27695
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science University of Tennessee Knoxville Knoxville Tennessee 37996
| | - Mario Vallejo‐Marín
- Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Stirling Stirling FK9 4LA United Kingdom
| | - Seema Nayan Sheth
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27695
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Bell DA, Kovach RP, Muhlfeld CC, Al-Chokhachy R, Cline TJ, Whited DC, Schmetterling DA, Lukacs PM, Whiteley AR. Climate change and expanding invasive species drive widespread declines of native trout in the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj5471. [PMID: 34936455 PMCID: PMC8694593 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj5471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and invasive species are major threats to native biodiversity, but few empirical studies have examined their combined effects at large spatial and temporal scales. Using 21,917 surveys collected over 30 years, we quantified the impacts of climate change on the past and future distributions of five interacting native and invasive trout species throughout the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. We found that the occupancy of native bull trout and cutthroat trout declined by 18 and 6%, respectively (1993–2018), and was predicted to decrease by an additional 39 and 16% by 2080. However, reasons for these occupancy reductions markedly differed among species: Climate-driven increases in water temperature and decreases in summer flow likely caused declines of bull trout, while climate-induced expansion of invasive species largely drove declines of cutthroat trout. Our results demonstrate that climate change can affect ecologically similar, co-occurring native species through distinct pathways, necessitating species-specific management actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donovan A. Bell
- Wildlife Biology Program, W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | | | - Clint C. Muhlfeld
- Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, West Glacier, MT, USA
- Flathead Biological Station, University of Montana, Polson, MT, USA
| | - Robert Al-Chokhachy
- Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Timothy J. Cline
- Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, West Glacier, MT, USA
| | - Diane C. Whited
- Flathead Biological Station, University of Montana, Polson, MT, USA
| | | | - Paul M. Lukacs
- Wildlife Biology Program, W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Andrew R. Whiteley
- Wildlife Biology Program, W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
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Aguirre WE, Alvarez‐Mieles G, Anaguano‐Yancha F, Burgos Morán R, Cucalón RV, Escobar‐Camacho D, Jácome‐Negrete I, Jiménez Prado P, Laaz E, Miranda‐Troya K, Navarrete‐Amaya R, Nugra Salazar F, Revelo W, Rivadeneira JF, Valdiviezo Rivera J, Zárate Hugo E. Conservation threats and future prospects for the freshwater fishes of Ecuador: A hotspot of Neotropical fish diversity. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 99:1158-1189. [PMID: 34235726 PMCID: PMC8518725 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater fish communities in Ecuador exhibit some of the highest levels of diversity and endemism in the Neotropics. Unfortunately, aquatic ecosystems in the country are under serious threat and conditions are deteriorating. In 2018-19, the government of Ecuador sponsored a series of workshops to examine the conservation status of Ecuador's freshwater fishes. Concerns were identified for 35 species, most of which are native to the Amazon region, and overfishing of Amazonian pimelodid catfishes emerged as a major issue. However, much of the information needed to make decisions across fish groups and regions was not available, hindering the process and highlighting the need for a review of the conservation threats to Ecuador's freshwater fishes. Here, we review how the physical alteration of rivers, deforestation, wetland and floodplain degradation, agricultural and urban water pollution, mining, oil extraction, dams, overfishing, introduced species and climate change are affecting freshwater fishes in Ecuador. Although many of these factors affect fishes throughout the Neotropics, the lack of data on Ecuadorian fish communities is staggering and highlights the urgent need for more research. We also make recommendations, including the need for proper enforcement of existing environmental laws, restoration of degraded aquatic ecosystems, establishment of a national monitoring system for freshwater ecosystems, investment in research to fill gaps in knowledge, and encouragement of public engagement in citizen science and conservation efforts. Freshwater fishes are an important component of the cultural and biological legacy of the Ecuadorian people. Conserving them for future generations is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Windsor E. Aguirre
- Department of Biological SciencesDePaul UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Instituto Nacional de BiodiversidadQuitoEcuador
- Field Museum of Natural HistoryChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | | | | | | | - Roberto V. Cucalón
- Department of Biological SciencesDePaul UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Present address:
Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignIllinoisUSA
| | | | - Iván Jácome‐Negrete
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Estudios Amazónicos e InsularesUniversidad Central del EcuadorQuitoEcuador
| | - Pedro Jiménez Prado
- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador Sede EsmeraldasEsmeraldasEcuador
- Área de Ecología, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Escuela Politécnica Superior de HuescaUniversidad de ZaragozaHuescaSpain
| | - Enrique Laaz
- Instituto Público de Investigación de Acuicultura y PescaGuayaquilEcuador
| | | | | | - Fredy Nugra Salazar
- ONG Bosque Medicinal, ONG Forest.inkGualaquizaEcuador
- Laboratorio de Limnología de la Universidad del AzuayCuencaEcuador
| | - Willan Revelo
- Unidad de Recursos Demersales Bentónicos de Agua Dulce y EmbalsesInstituto Público de Investigación de Acuicultura y PescaGuayaquilEcuador
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12
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Czerniawski R, Krepski T. Does lake eutrophication support biological invasions in rivers? A study on Dreissena polymorpha (Bivalvia) in lake-river ecotones. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:12686-12696. [PMID: 34594531 PMCID: PMC8462168 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) has all traits required to effectively colonize the aquatic environment and consequently reduce the diversity of native bivalves. We hypothesized that the zebra mussel chooses lake outlets characterized by medium current velocity and good food conditions. Here, we analyzed differences between bivalve abundances in lake outlets with varying environmental conditions such as the Carlson Index (trophy status), depth, width, current velocity, bed vegetation coverage, and type of bottom substrate. The results showed that the zebra mussel inhabits outlets that provide food (high trophy outlets) and have a mineral bed and a medium current velocity (ca. 0.2-0.3 m/s). The following main factors seem to be favorable for colonizing such outlets: (1) easy access to high amounts of food due to the increased density of the suspension drifting from the lake and (2) easy transport of the zebra mussel larvae from the lake to the downstream. The zebra mussel larvae drifting with the current may colonize the downstream. An increase in lake trophy may indirectly cause an increase in biological invasions in rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Czerniawski
- Department of HydrobiologyInstitute of BiologyUniversity of SzczecinSzczecinPoland
| | - Tomasz Krepski
- Department of HydrobiologyInstitute of BiologyUniversity of SzczecinSzczecinPoland
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13
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Mills R, McGraw KJ. Cool birds: facultative use by an introduced species of mechanical air conditioning systems during extremely hot outdoor conditions. Biol Lett 2021; 17:20200813. [PMID: 33757295 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2020.0813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid climate change across the globe is having dramatic effects on wildlife. Responses of organisms to shifting thermal conditions often include physiological and behavioural accommodations, but to date these have been largely viewed and studied as naturally evolved phenomena (e.g. heat avoidance, sweating, panting) and not necessarily as strategies where animals exploit other anthropogenic conditions or resources. Moreover, the degree to which native versus introduced species show thermal plasticity has generated much conservation and ecological interest. We previously have observed introduced rosy-faced lovebirds (Agapornis roseicollis) perching in the relief-air vents on building faces in the Phoenix, Arizona, USA, metropolitan area, but doing so only during summer. Here, we show that such vent-perching events are significantly associated with extreme outdoor summer temperatures (when daily local highs routinely exceed 40°C). In fact, the temperature threshold at which we detected lovebirds starting to perch in cool air vents mirrors the upper range of the thermoneutral zone for this species. These results implicate novel, facultative use of an anthropogenic resource-industrial air-conditioning systems-by a recently introduced species (within the last 35 years) to cool down and survive extremely hot conditions in this urban 'heat-island' environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raegan Mills
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA
| | - Kevin J McGraw
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA
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14
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Kruk C, Piccini C, Devercelli M, Nogueira L, Accattatis V, Sampognaro L, Segura AM. A trait‐based approach predicting community assembly and dominance of microbial invasive species. OIKOS 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.07694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Kruk
- Limnología, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias UdelaR Uruguay
- Ecología Funcional de Sistemas Acuáticos, CURE UdelaR Uruguay
| | - Claudia Piccini
- Depto de Microbiología, Inst. de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, MEC Uruguay
| | | | | | | | - Lía Sampognaro
- Ecología Funcional de Sistemas Acuáticos, CURE UdelaR Uruguay
- Modelación y Análisis de Recursos Naturales, CURE UdelaR Uruguay
| | - Angel M. Segura
- Modelación y Análisis de Recursos Naturales, CURE UdelaR Uruguay
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15
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Komoroske LM, Jeffries KM, Whitehead A, Roach JL, Britton M, Connon RE, Verhille C, Brander SM, Fangue NA. Transcriptional flexibility during thermal challenge corresponds with expanded thermal tolerance in an invasive compared to native fish. Evol Appl 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/eva.13172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M. Komoroske
- Department of Environmental Conservation University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst MA USA
- Department of Wildlife, Fish & Conservation Biology University of California, Davis Davis CA USA
| | - Ken M. Jeffries
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada
| | - Andrew Whitehead
- Department of Environmental Toxicology University of California, Davis Davis CA USA
| | - Jennifer L. Roach
- Department of Environmental Toxicology University of California, Davis Davis CA USA
| | - Monica Britton
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Genome Center University of California, Davis Davis CA USA
| | - Richard E. Connon
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine University of California, Davis Davis CA USA
| | | | - Susanne M. Brander
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA
| | - Nann A. Fangue
- Department of Wildlife, Fish & Conservation Biology University of California, Davis Davis CA USA
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16
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Warming and temperature variability determine the performance of two invertebrate predators. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6780. [PMID: 32321937 PMCID: PMC7176636 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63679-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In a warming ocean, temperature variability imposes intensified peak stress, but offers periods of stress release. While field observations on organismic responses to heatwaves are emerging, experimental evidence is rare and almost lacking for shorter-scale environmental variability. For two major invertebrate predators, we simulated sinusoidal temperature variability (±3 °C) around todays' warm summer temperatures and around a future warming scenario (+4 °C) over two months, based on high-resolution 15-year temperature data that allowed implementation of realistic seasonal temperature shifts peaking midpoint. Warming decreased sea stars' (Asterias rubens) energy uptake (Mytilus edulis consumption) and overall growth. Variability around the warming scenario imposed additional stress onto Asterias leading to an earlier collapse in feeding under sinusoidal fluctuations. High-peak temperatures prevented feeding, which was not compensated during phases of stress release (low-temperature peaks). In contrast, increased temperatures increased feeding on Mytilus but not growth rates of the recent invader Hemigrapsus takanoi, irrespective of the scale at which temperature variability was imposed. This study highlights species-specific impacts of warming and identifies temperature variability at the scale of days to weeks/months as important driver of thermal responses. When species' thermal limits are exceeded, temperature variability represents an additional source of stress as seen from future warming scenarios.
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17
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Gervais JA, Kovach R, Sepulveda A, Al-Chokhachy R, Joseph Giersch J, Muhlfeld CC. Climate-induced expansions of invasive species in the Pacific Northwest, North America: a synthesis of observations and projections. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02244-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Sun H, He D, Sui X, Chen Y. Predicting impacts of future climate change and hydropower development towards habitats of native and non-native fishes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 707:135419. [PMID: 31862433 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and hydropower development are two primary stressors affecting riverine ecosystems and both stressors facilitate invasions by non-native species. However, little study has focused on how habitats of native and non-native fishes may be affected by independent or combined impacts of such stressors. Here we used the Jinsha River as an example to predict habitat change and distributional shift of native and non-native fishes with species distribution models. The Jinsha River Basin has nearly 40 cascade dams constructed or planned and located in the Tibetan Plateau, which is sensitive to future climate change. Two climate change scenarios and future hydropower development were combined to produce five scenarios of future changes. Under the impacts of independent extreme climate change or hydropower development, non-native fishes showed greater habitat gain in total, while native fishes shifted their distribution into tributaries and higher elevations, and impacts were stronger in combined scenarios. Habitat overlap between the two groups also increased in future scenarios. Certain fish traits correlated with stressors in habitat change prediction. River basins with hydropower development were shown to face higher risk of non-native fishes invasion under future climate change. As the most biodiverse river basins globally are threatened by hydropower development, our results emphasize the importance of regulating non-native fish introduction in reservoirs. Our approaches are also applicable to other systems globally to better understand how hydropower development and climate change may increase invasion risk, and therefore help conserve native species effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heying Sun
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Dekui He
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Xiaoyun Sui
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Yifeng Chen
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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19
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Waga H, Hirawake T, Grebmeier JM. Recent change in benthic macrofaunal community composition in relation to physical forcing in the Pacific Arctic. Polar Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-020-02632-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Sub-Antarctic Freshwater Invertebrate Thermal Tolerances: An Assessment of Critical Thermal Limits and Behavioral Responses. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11020102. [PMID: 32033034 PMCID: PMC7073959 DOI: 10.3390/insects11020102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Physiological thermal limits of organisms are linked to their geographic distribution. The assessment of such limits can provide valuable insights when monitoring for environmental thermal alterations. Using the dynamic critical thermal method (CTM), we assessed the upper (CTmax) and lower (CTmin) thermal limits of three freshwater macroinvertebrate taxa with restricted low elevation distribution (20 m a.s.l.) and three taxa restricted to upper elevations (480 and 700 m a.s.l.) in the Magellanic sub-Antarctic ecoregion of southern Chile. In general terms, macroinvertebrates restricted to lower altitudinal ranges possess a broader thermal tolerance than those restricted to higher elevations. Upper and lower thermal limits are significantly different between taxa throughout the altitudinal gradient. Data presented here suggest that freshwater macroinvertebrates restricted to upper altitudinal ranges may be useful indicators of thermal alteration in their habitats, due to their relatively low tolerance to increasing temperatures and the ease with which behavioral responses can be detected.
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21
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Hraoui G, Bettinazzi S, Gendron AD, Boisclair D, Breton S. Mitochondrial thermo-sensitivity in invasive and native freshwater mussels. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb215921. [PMID: 31915201 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.215921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is impacting many, if not all, forms of life. Increases in extreme temperature fluctuations and average temperatures can cause stress, particularly in aquatic sessile ectotherms such as freshwater mussels. However, some species seem to thrive more than others in face of temperature-related stressors. Thermal tolerance may, for example, explain the success of invasive species. It is also known that mitochondria can play a key role in setting an ectothermic species' thermal tolerance. In this study, we aimed to characterize the mitochondrial thermo-tolerance in invasive and endemic freshwater mussels. With the use of high-resolution respirometry, we analyzed the mitochondrial respiration of two freshwater bivalve species exposed to a broad range of temperatures. We noticed that the invasive dreissenid Dreissena bugensis possessed a less thermo-tolerant mitochondrial metabolism than the endemic unionid Elliptio complanata This lack of tolerance was linked with a more noticeable aerobic metabolic depression at elevated temperatures. This decrease in mitochondrial metabolic activity was also linked with an increase in leak oxygen consumption as well as a stable maintenance of the activity of cytochrome c oxidase in both species. These findings may be associated both with the species' life history characteristics, as D. bugensis is more adapted to unstable habitats, in which selection pressures for resistance adaptations are reduced. Our findings add to the growing body of literature characterizing the mitochondrial metabolism of many aquatic ectotherms in our changing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Hraoui
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, 90 Vincent D'Indy, Montréal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche Interuniversitaire en Limnologie (GRIL), Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, 90 Vincent D'Indy, Montréal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Stefano Bettinazzi
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, 90 Vincent D'Indy, Montréal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Andrée D Gendron
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill, Montréal, QC, H2Y 2E5, Canada
| | - Daniel Boisclair
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, 90 Vincent D'Indy, Montréal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche Interuniversitaire en Limnologie (GRIL), Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, 90 Vincent D'Indy, Montréal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Sophie Breton
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, 90 Vincent D'Indy, Montréal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche Interuniversitaire en Limnologie (GRIL), Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, 90 Vincent D'Indy, Montréal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada
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22
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Pinsky ML, Selden RL, Kitchel ZJ. Climate-Driven Shifts in Marine Species Ranges: Scaling from Organisms to Communities. ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE 2020; 12:153-179. [PMID: 31505130 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-010419-010916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The geographic distributions of marine species are changing rapidly, with leading range edges following climate poleward, deeper, and in other directions and trailing range edges often contracting in similar directions. These shifts have their roots in fine-scale interactions between organisms and their environment-including mosaics and gradients of temperature and oxygen-mediated by physiology, behavior, evolution, dispersal, and species interactions. These shifts reassemble food webs and can have dramatic consequences. Compared with species on land, marine species are more sensitive to changing climate but have a greater capacity for colonization. These differences suggest that species cope with climate change at different spatial scales in the two realms and that range shifts across wide spatial scales are a key mechanism at sea. Additional research is needed to understand how processes interact to promote or constrain range shifts, how the dominant responses vary among species, and how the emergent communities of the future ocean will function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin L Pinsky
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA;
| | - Rebecca L Selden
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA;
| | - Zoë J Kitchel
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA;
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23
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Lauchlan SS, Burckard G, Cassey P, Nagelkerken I. Climate change erodes competitive hierarchies among native, alien and range-extending crabs. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 151:104777. [PMID: 31548093 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.104777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Global warming and ocean acidification alter a wide range of animal behaviours, yet the effect on resource competition among species is poorly understood. We tested whether the combination of moderate levels of ocean acidification and warming altered the feeding success of co-occurring native, alien, and range-extending crab species, and how these changes affected their hierarchical dominance. Under contemporary conditions the range-extending species spent more time feeding, than the alien and the native species. Under conditions simulating future climate there was no difference in the proportion of time spent feeding among the three species. These behavioural changes translated to alterations in their dominance hierarchy (based on feeding success) with the most dominant species under present day conditions becoming less dominant under future conditions, and vice versa for the least dominant species. While empirical studies have predicted either reversal or strengthening of hierarchical dominance in animal species, we suggest that even moderate increases in ocean temperature and acidification can drive a homogenisation in behavioural competitiveness, eroding dominance differences among species that are linked to fitness-related traits in nature and hence important for their population persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon S Lauchlan
- Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute, DX 650 418, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Gauthier Burckard
- Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute, DX 650 418, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Phillip Cassey
- Centre for Applied Conservation Science, School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute, DX 650 418, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Ivan Nagelkerken
- Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute, DX 650 418, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.
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24
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Climate warming reduces the reproductive advantage of a globally invasive intertidal mussel. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-01990-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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25
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Jones J, DiBattista JD, Stat M, Bunce M, Boyce MC, Fairclough DV, Travers MJ, Huggett MJ. The Microbiome of the Gastrointestinal Tract of a Range-Shifting Marine Herbivorous Fish. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2000. [PMID: 30210475 PMCID: PMC6121097 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, marine species’ distributions are being modified due to rising ocean temperatures. Increasing evidence suggests a circum-global pattern of poleward extensions in the distributions of many tropical herbivorous species, including the ecologically important rabbitfish Siganus fuscescens. Adaptability of a species to such new environments may be heavily influenced by the composition of their gastrointestinal microbe fauna, which is fundamentally important to animal health. Siganus fuscescens thus provides an opportunity to assess the stability of gastrointestinal microbes under varying environmental conditions. The gastrointestinal microbial communities of S. fuscescens were characterized over 2,000 km of Australia’s western coast, from tropical to temperate waters, including near its current southern distributional limit. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene demonstrated that each population had a distinct hindgut microbial community, and yet, 20 OTUs occurred consistently in all samples. These OTUs were considered the ‘core microbiome’ and were highly abundant, composing between 31 and 54% of each population. Furthermore, levels of short chain fatty acids, an indicator of microbial fermentation activity, were similar among tropical and temperate locations. These data suggest that flexibility in the hindgut microbiome may play a role in enabling such herbivores to colonize new environments beyond their existing range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn Jones
- Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Joseph D DiBattista
- Trace and Environmental DNA Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth WA, Australia.,Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Stat
- Trace and Environmental DNA Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth WA, Australia.,Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Bunce
- Trace and Environmental DNA Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth WA, Australia
| | - Mary C Boyce
- Centre for Ecosystem Management, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - David V Fairclough
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Fisheries Division, Government of Western Australia, Hillarys, WA, Australia
| | - Michael J Travers
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Fisheries Division, Government of Western Australia, Hillarys, WA, Australia
| | - Megan J Huggett
- Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,Centre for Ecosystem Management, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia
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26
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Swart C, Visser V, Robinson TB. Patterns and traits associated with invasions by predatory marine crabs. NEOBIOTA 2018. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.39.22002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Predatory crabs are considered amongst the most successful marine invasive groups. Nonetheless, most studies of these taxa have been descriptive in nature, biased towards specific species or regions and have seldom considered traits associated with invasiveness. To address this gap in knowledge, this study presents a global review of invasions by this group and applies biological trait analysis to investigate traits associated with invasion success. A total of 56 species belonging to 15 families were identified as having spread outside their native ranges. The family Portunidae supported the highest number of alien species (22). Most crabs had their origin in the North West Pacific IUCN bioregion while the Mediterranean Sea received the most species. No traits associated with successful establishment were identified, but this finding may reflect the paucity of basic biological knowledge held for many species. This lack of foundational knowledge was unexpected as crabs are large and conspicuous and likely to be well studied when compared to many other groups. Addressing this knowledge gap will be the first step towards enabling approaches like biological trait analysis that offer a means to investigate generalities in invasions.
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27
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Heat challenges can enhance population tolerance to thermal stress in mussels: a potential mechanism by which ship transport can increase species invasiveness. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1762-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Azra MN, Chen JC, Ikhwanuddin M, Abol-Munafi AB. Thermal tolerance and locomotor activity of blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus instar reared at different temperatures. J Therm Biol 2018; 74:234-240. [PMID: 29801633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Owing to its potential market value, the blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus is of great economic importance. The temperature of water significantly affects the physiological function and production efficiency of these crabs. The aim of the present study was therefore to examine the critical thermal minimum (CTMin), critical thermal maximum (CTMax), acclimation response ratio (ARR), escaping temperature (Tesc), and locomotor behavior of P. pelagicus instars at 20 °C, 24 °C, 28 °C, 32 °C, and 36 °C. The CTMax ranged from 39.05 °C to 44.38 °C, while the CTMin ranged from 13.05 °C to 19.30 °C, and both increased directly with temperature. The ARR ranged from 0.25 to 0.51. The movement of crabs (walking before molting) correlated positively with the acclimation temperature. These results indicate that the parameters evaluated varied with temperature. Furthermore, the high CTMax indicates the potential of this species to adapt to a wide range of temperatures. In addition, the implications of these findings for portunid crabs behavior and distribution in their natural habitat are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad N Azra
- Institute of Tropical Aquaculture, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Jiann-Chu Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan.
| | - Mhd Ikhwanuddin
- Institute of Tropical Aquaculture, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Ambok Bolong Abol-Munafi
- Institute of Tropical Aquaculture, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
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29
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Wellband KW, Pettitt-Wade H, Fisk AT, Heath DD. Standing genetic diversity and selection at functional gene loci are associated with differential invasion success in two non-native fish species. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:1572-1585. [PMID: 29573310 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Invasive species are expected to experience a unique combination of high genetic drift due to demographic factors while also experiencing strong selective pressures. The paradigm that reduced genetic diversity should limit the evolutionary potential of invasive species, and thus, their potential for range expansion has received little empirical support, possibly due to the choice of genetic markers. Our goal was to test for effects of genetic drift and selection at functional genetic markers as they relate to the invasion success of two paired invasive goby species, one widespread (successful) and one with limited range expansion (less successful). We genotyped fish using two marker types: single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in known-function, protein-coding genes and microsatellites to contrast the effects of neutral genetic processes. We identified reduced allelic variation in the invaded range for the less successful tubenose goby. SNPs putatively under selection were responsible for the observed differences in population structure between marker types for round goby (successful) but not tubenose goby (less successful). A higher proportion of functional loci experienced divergent selection for round goby, suggesting increased evolutionary potential in invaded ranges may be associated with round goby's greater invasion success. Genes involved in thermal tolerance were divergent for round goby populations but not tubenose goby, consistent with the hypothesis that invasion success for fish in temperate regions is influenced by capacity for thermal tolerance. Our results highlight the need to incorporate functional genetic markers in studies to better assess evolutionary potential for the improved conservation and management of species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle W Wellband
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Harri Pettitt-Wade
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron T Fisk
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel D Heath
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
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30
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Verberk WCEP, Leuven RSEW, van der Velde G, Gabel F, Overgaard J. Thermal limits in native and alien freshwater peracarid Crustacea: The role of habitat use and oxygen limitation. Funct Ecol 2018; 32:926-936. [PMID: 29937614 PMCID: PMC5993316 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In order to predict which species can successfully cope with global warming and how other environmental stressors modulate their vulnerability to climate-related environmental factors, an understanding of the ecophysiology underpinning thermal limits is essential for both conservation biology and invasion biology.Heat tolerance and the extent to which heat tolerance differed with oxygen availability were examined for four native and four alien freshwater peracarid crustacean species, with differences in habitat use across species. Three hypotheses were tested: (1) Heat and lack of oxygen synergistically reduce survival of species; (2) patterns in heat tolerance and the modulation thereof by oxygen differ between alien and native species and between species with different habitat use; (3) small animals can better tolerate heat than large animals, and this difference is more pronounced under hypoxia.To assess heat tolerances under different oxygen levels, animal survival was monitored in experimental chambers in which the water temperature was ramped up (0.25°C min-1). Heat tolerance (CTmax) was scored as the cessation of all pleopod movement, and heating trials were performed under hypoxia (5 kPa oxygen), normoxia (20 kPa) and hyperoxia (60 kPa).Heat tolerance differed across species as did the extent by which heat tolerance was affected by oxygen conditions. Heat-tolerant species, for example, Asellus aquaticus and Crangonyx pseudogracilis, showed little response to oxygen conditions in their CTmax, whereas the CTmax of heat-sensitive species, for example, Dikerogammarus villosus and Gammarus fossarum, was more plastic, being increased by hyperoxia and reduced by hypoxia.In contrast to other studies on crustaceans, alien species were not more heat-tolerant than native species. Instead, differences in heat tolerance were best explained by habitat use, with species from standing waters being heat tolerant and species from running waters being heat sensitive. In addition, larger animals displayed lower critical maximum temperature, but only under hypoxia. An analysis of data available in the literature on metabolic responses of the study species to temperature and oxygen conditions suggests that oxygen conformers and species whose oxygen demand rapidly increases with temperature (low activation energy) may be more heat sensitive.The alien species D. villosus appeared most susceptible to hypoxia and heat stress. This may explain why this species is very successful in colonizing new areas in littoral zones with rocky substrate which are well aerated due to continuous wave action generated by passing ships or prevailing winds. This species is less capable of spreading to other waters which are poorly oxygenated and where C. pseudogracilis is the more likely dominant alien species. A http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.13050/suppinfo is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilco C. E. P. Verberk
- Department of Animal Ecology and PhysiologyInstitute for Water and Wetland Research (IWWR)Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Rob S. E. W. Leuven
- Department of Animal Ecology and PhysiologyInstitute for Water and Wetland Research (IWWR)Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Environmental ScienceInstitute for Water and Wetland Research (IWWR)Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Centre of Expertise on Exotic Species (NEC‐E)NijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Gerard van der Velde
- Department of Animal Ecology and PhysiologyInstitute for Water and Wetland Research (IWWR)Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Centre of Expertise on Exotic Species (NEC‐E)NijmegenThe Netherlands
- Naturalis Biodiversity CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Friederike Gabel
- Institute of Landscape EcologyUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
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31
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Chan FT, Briski E. An overview of recent research in marine biological invasions. MARINE BIOLOGY 2017; 164:121. [PMID: 28579642 PMCID: PMC5415580 DOI: 10.1007/s00227-017-3155-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Topical Collection on Invasive Species includes 50 articles addressing many tenets of marine invasion ecology. The collection covers important topics relating to propagule pressure associated with transport vectors, species characteristics, attributes of recipient ecosystems, invasion genetics, biotic interactions, testing of invasion hypotheses, invasion dynamics and spread, and impacts of nonindigenous species. This article summarizes some of the collection's highlights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrah T. Chan
- Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Burlington, ON L7S 1A1 Canada
| | - Elizabeta Briski
- GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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32
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Wellband KW, Heath DD. Plasticity in gene transcription explains the differential performance of two invasive fish species. Evol Appl 2017; 10:563-576. [PMID: 28616064 PMCID: PMC5469171 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity buffers organisms from environmental change and is hypothesized to aid the initial establishment of nonindigenous species in novel environments and postestablishment range expansion. The genetic mechanisms that underpin phenotypically plastic traits are generally poorly characterized; however, there is strong evidence that modulation of gene transcription is an important component of these responses. Here, we use RNA sequencing to examine the transcriptional basis of temperature tolerance for round and tubenose goby, two nonindigenous fish species that differ dramatically in the extent of their Great Lakes invasions despite similar invasion dates. We used generalized linear models of read count data to compare gene transcription responses of organisms exposed to increased and decreased water temperature from those at ambient conditions. We identify greater response in the magnitude of transcriptional changes for the more successful round goby compared with the less successful tubenose goby. Round goby transcriptional responses reflect alteration of biological function consistent with adaptive responses to maintain or regain homeostatic function in other species. In contrast, tubenose goby transcription patterns indicate a response to stressful conditions, but the pattern of change in biological functions does not match those expected for a return to homeostatic status. Transcriptional plasticity plays an important role in the acute thermal tolerance for these species; however, the impaired response to stress we demonstrate in the tubenose goby may contribute to their limited invasion success relative to the round goby. Transcriptional profiling allows the simultaneous assessment of the magnitude of transcriptional response as well as the biological functions involved in the response to environmental stress and is thus a valuable approach for evaluating invasion potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle W Wellband
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research University of Windsor Windsor ON Canada
| | - Daniel D Heath
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research University of Windsor Windsor ON Canada.,Department of Biological Sciences University of Windsor Windsor ON Canada
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33
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Canning-Clode J, Carlton JT. Refining and expanding global climate change scenarios in the sea: Poleward creep complexities, range termini, and setbacks and surges. DIVERS DISTRIB 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- João Canning-Clode
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre; Quinta do Lorde Marina; Caniçal Madeira Island Portugal
- Department of Oceanography and Fisheries; Centre of IMAR of the University of the Azores; Horta Azores Portugal
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center; Edgewater MD USA
| | - James T. Carlton
- Maritime Studies Program; Williams College - Mystic Seaport; Mystic CT USA
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34
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Differences in Rate and Direction of Shifts between Phytoplankton Size Structure and Sea Surface Temperature. REMOTE SENSING 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/rs9030222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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El-Barougy RF, Cadotte MW, Khedr AHA, Nada RM, Maclvor JS. Heterogeneity in patterns of survival of the invasive species Ipomoea carnea in urban habitats along the Egyptian Nile Delta. NEOBIOTA 2017. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.33.9968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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36
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Byrne M, Gall M, Wolfe K, Agüera A. From pole to pole: the potential for the Arctic seastar Asterias amurensis to invade a warming Southern Ocean. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2016; 22:3874-3887. [PMID: 27029504 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Due to climatic warming, Asterias amurensis, a keystone boreal predatory seastar that has established extensive invasive populations in southern Australia, is a potential high-risk invader of the sub-Antarctic and Antarctic. To assess the potential range expansion of A. amurensis to the Southern Ocean as it warms, we investigated the bioclimatic envelope of the adult and larval life stages. We analysed the distribution of adult A. amurensis with respect to present-day and future climate scenarios using habitat temperature data to construct species distribution models (SDMs). To integrate the physiological response of the dispersive phase, we determined the thermal envelope of larval development to assess their performance in present-day and future thermal regimes and the potential for success of A. amurensis in poleward latitudes. The SDM indicated that the thermal 'niche' of the adult stage correlates with a 0-17 °C and 1-22.5 °C range, in winter and summer, respectively. As the ocean warms, the range of A. amurensis in Australia will contract, while more southern latitudes will have conditions favourable for range expansion. Successful fertilization occurred from 3 to 23.8 °C. By day 12, development to the early larval stage was successful from 5.5 to 18 °C. Although embryos were able to reach the blastula stage at 2 °C, they had arrested development and high mortality. The optimal thermal range for survival of pelagic stages was 3.5-19.2 °C with a lower and upper critical limit of 2.6 and 20.3 °C, respectively. Our data predict that A. amurensis faces demise in its current invasive range while more favourable conditions at higher latitudes would facilitate invasion of both larval and adult stages to the Southern Ocean. Our results show that vigilance is needed to reduce the risk that this ecologically important Arctic carnivore may invade the Southern Ocean and Antarctica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Byrne
- Schools of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Mailie Gall
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Kennedy Wolfe
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Antonio Agüera
- Laboratoire de Biologie Marine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, 501050, Belgium
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37
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Cortes PA, Puschel H, Acuña P, Bartheld JL, Bozinovic F. Thermal ecological physiology of native and invasive frog species: do invaders perform better? CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 4:cow056. [PMID: 27933168 PMCID: PMC5141634 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cow056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Biological invasions are recognized as an important biotic component of global change that threatens the composition, structure and functioning of ecosystems, resulting in loss of biodiversity and displacement of native species. Although ecological characteristics facilitating the establishment and spread of non-native species are widely recognized, little is known about organismal attributes underlying invasion success. In this study, we tested the effect of thermal acclimation on thermal tolerance and locomotor performance in the invasive Xenopus laevis and the Chilean native Calyptocephalella gayi. In particular, the maximal righting performance (μMAX), optimal temperature (TO), lower (CTmin) and upper critical thermal limits (CTmax), thermal breadth (Tbr) and the area under the performance curve (AUC) were studied after 6 weeks acclimation to 10 and 20°C. We observed higher values of μmax and AUC in X. laevis in comparison to C. gayi. On the contrary, the invasive species showed lower values of CTmin in comparison to the native one. In contrast, CTmax, TO and Tbr showed no inter-specific differences. Moreover, we found that both species have the ability to acclimate their locomotor performance and lower thermal tolerance limit at low temperatures. Our results demonstrate that X. laevis is a better performer than C. gayi. Although there were differences in CTmin, the invasive and native frogs did not differ in their thermal tolerance. Interestingly, in both species the lower and upper critical thermal limits are beyond the minimal and maximal temperatures encountered in nature during the coldest and hottest month, respectively. Overall, our findings suggest that both X. laevis and C. gayi would be resilient to climate warming expectations in Chile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A. Cortes
- Departamento de Ecología, Center of Applied Ecology & Sustainability (CAPES), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 6513677, Chile
| | - Hans Puschel
- Departamento de Ecología, Center of Applied Ecology & Sustainability (CAPES), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 6513677, Chile
| | - Paz Acuña
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago, Chile
| | - José L. Bartheld
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Francisco Bozinovic
- Departamento de Ecología, Center of Applied Ecology & Sustainability (CAPES), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 6513677, Chile
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38
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Boucher-Lalonde V, Currie DJ. Spatial Autocorrelation Can Generate Stronger Correlations between Range Size and Climatic Niches Than the Biological Signal - A Demonstration Using Bird and Mammal Range Maps. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166243. [PMID: 27855201 PMCID: PMC5113950 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Species’ geographic ranges could primarily be physiological tolerances drawn in space. Alternatively, geographic ranges could be only broadly constrained by physiological climatic tolerances: there could generally be much more proximate constraints on species’ ranges (dispersal limitation, biotic interactions, etc.) such that species often occupy a small and unpredictable subset of tolerable climates. In the literature, species’ climatic tolerances are typically estimated from the set of conditions observed within their geographic range. Using this method, studies have concluded that broader climatic niches permit larger ranges. Similarly, other studies have investigated the biological causes of incomplete range filling. But, when climatic constraints are measured directly from species’ ranges, are correlations between species’ range size and climate necessarily consistent with a causal link? We evaluated the extent to which variation in range size among 3277 bird and 1659 mammal species occurring in the Americas is statistically related to characteristics of species’ realized climatic niches. We then compared how these relationships differed from the ones expected in the absence of a causal link. We used a null model that randomizes the predictor variables (climate), while retaining their broad spatial autocorrelation structure, thereby removing any causal relationship between range size and climate. We found that, although range size is strongly positively related to climatic niche breadth, range filling and, to a lesser extent, niche position in nature, the observed relationships are not always stronger than expected from spatial autocorrelation alone. Thus, we conclude that equally strong relationships between range size and climate would result from any processes causing ranges to be highly spatially autocorrelated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David J Currie
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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39
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Cheng BS, Komoroske LM, Grosholz ED. Trophic sensitivity of invasive predator and native prey interactions: integrating environmental context and climate change. Funct Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian S. Cheng
- Bodega Marine Laboratory University of California Davis Bodega Bay CA94923 USA
- MarineGEO Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Edgewater MD21037 USA
| | - Lisa M. Komoroske
- Bodega Marine Laboratory University of California Davis Bodega Bay CA94923 USA
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology University of California Davis CA95616 USA
- National Research Council under Contract to Southwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration La Jolla CA92037 USA
| | - Edwin D. Grosholz
- Bodega Marine Laboratory University of California Davis Bodega Bay CA94923 USA
- Department of Environmental Science & Policy University of California Davis CA95616 USA
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40
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Boher F, Trefault N, Estay SA, Bozinovic F. Ectotherms in Variable Thermal Landscapes: A Physiological Evaluation of the Invasive Potential of Fruit Flies Species. Front Physiol 2016; 7:302. [PMID: 27486407 PMCID: PMC4949259 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change and biological invasions pose one of the greatest threats to biodiversity. Most analyses of the potential biological impacts have focused on changes in mean temperature, but changes in thermal variance may also impact native and invasive organisms, although differentially. We assessed the combined effects of the mean and the variance of temperature on the expression of heat shock protein (hsp90) in adults of the invasive fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the native Drosophila gaucha in Mediterranean habitats of central Chile. We observed that, under these experimental conditions, hsp90 mRNA expression was higher in the invasive species but absent in the native one. Apparently, the biogeographic origin and niche conservatisms are playing a role in the heat shock response of these species under different putative scenarios of climate change. We suggest that in order to develop more realistic predictions about the biological impact of climate change and biological invasions, one must consider the interactions between the mean and variance of climatic variables, as well as the evolutionary original conditions of the native and invasive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Boher
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago, Chile; Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Nicole Trefault
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática and Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio A Estay
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago, Chile; Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de ChileValdivia, Chile
| | - Francisco Bozinovic
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago, Chile; Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago, Chile
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41
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Novoa A, Kumschick S, Richardson DM, Rouget M, Wilson JR. Native range size and growth form in Cactaceae predict invasiveness and impact. NEOBIOTA 2016. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.30.7253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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42
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Drift in ocean currents impacts intergenerational microbial exposure to temperature. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:5700-5. [PMID: 27140608 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1521093113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbes are the foundation of marine ecosystems [Falkowski PG, Fenchel T, Delong EF (2008) Science 320(5879):1034-1039]. Until now, the analytical framework for understanding the implications of ocean warming on microbes has not considered thermal exposure during transport in dynamic seascapes, implying that our current view of change for these critical organisms may be inaccurate. Here we show that upper-ocean microbes experience along-trajectory temperature variability up to 10 °C greater than seasonal fluctuations estimated in a static frame, and that this variability depends strongly on location. These findings demonstrate that drift in ocean currents can increase the thermal exposure of microbes and suggests that microbial populations with broad thermal tolerance will survive transport to distant regions of the ocean and invade new habitats. Our findings also suggest that advection has the capacity to influence microbial community assemblies, such that regions with strong currents and large thermal fluctuations select for communities with greatest plasticity and evolvability, and communities with narrow thermal performance are found where ocean currents are weak or along-trajectory temperature variation is low. Given that fluctuating environments select for individual plasticity in microbial lineages, and that physiological plasticity of ancestors can predict the magnitude of evolutionary responses of subsequent generations to environmental change [Schaum CE, Collins S (2014) Proc Biol Soc 281(1793):20141486], our findings suggest that microbial populations in the sub-Antarctic (∼40°S), North Pacific, and North Atlantic will have the most capacity to adapt to contemporary ocean warming.
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43
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Bielen A, Bošnjak I, Sepčić K, Jaklič M, Cvitanić M, Lušić J, Lajtner J, Simčič T, Hudina S. Differences in tolerance to anthropogenic stress between invasive and native bivalves. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 543:449-459. [PMID: 26599145 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tolerance towards environmental stress has been frequently considered as one of the key determinants of invasion success. However, empirical evidence supporting the assumption that invasive species can better endure unfavorable conditions compared with native species is limited and has yielded opposing results. In this study, we examined the tolerance to different stress conditions (thermal stress and trace metal zinc pollution stress) in two phylogenetically related and functionally similar freshwater bivalve species, the native Anodonta anatina and the invasive Sinanodonta woodiana. We assessed potential differences in response to stress conditions using several cellular response assays: efficiency of the multixenobiotic resistance mechanism, respiration estimate (INT reduction capacity), and enzymatic biomarkers. Our results demonstrated that the invasive species overall coped much better with unfavorable conditions. The higher tolerance of S. woodiana was evident from (i) significantly decreased Rhodamine B accumulation indicating more efficient multixenobiotic resistance mechanism; (ii) significantly higher INT reduction capacity and (iii) less pronounced alterations in the activity of stress-related enzymes (glutathione-S-transferase, catalase) and of a neurotoxicity biomarker (cholinesterase) in the majority of treatment conditions in both stress trials. Higher tolerance to thermal extremes may provide physiological benefit for further invasion success of S. woodiana in European freshwaters, especially in the context of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bielen
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ivana Bošnjak
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb,Croatia
| | - Kristina Sepčić
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martina Jaklič
- National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marija Cvitanić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jelena Lušić
- Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Laboratory of Chemical Oceanography and Sedimentology of the Sea, Šetalište I. Meštrovića 63, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Jasna Lajtner
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tatjana Simčič
- National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sandra Hudina
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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44
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Bergland AO, Tobler R, González J, Schmidt P, Petrov D. Secondary contact and local adaptation contribute to genome-wide patterns of clinal variation in Drosophila melanogaster. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:1157-74. [PMID: 26547394 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Populations arrayed along broad latitudinal gradients often show patterns of clinal variation in phenotype and genotype. Such population differentiation can be generated and maintained by both historical demographic events and local adaptation. These evolutionary forces are not mutually exclusive and can in some cases produce nearly identical patterns of genetic differentiation among populations. Here, we investigate the evolutionary forces that generated and maintain clinal variation genome-wide among populations of Drosophila melanogaster sampled in North America and Australia. We contrast patterns of clinal variation in these continents with patterns of differentiation among ancestral European and African populations. Using established and novel methods we derive here, we show that recently derived North America and Australia populations were likely founded by both European and African lineages and that this hybridization event likely contributed to genome-wide patterns of parallel clinal variation between continents. The pervasive effects of admixture mean that differentiation at only several hundred loci can be attributed to the operation of spatially varying selection using an FST outlier approach. Our results provide novel insight into the well-studied system of clinal differentiation in D. melanogaster and provide a context for future studies seeking to identify loci contributing to local adaptation in a wide variety of organisms, including other invasive species as well as temperate endemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan O Bergland
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-5020, USA
| | - Ray Tobler
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-5020, USA.,Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna, A-1210, Austria
| | - Josefa González
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-5020, USA.,Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Maritim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 0800, 3 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paul Schmidt
- Department of Biology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Dmitri Petrov
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-5020, USA
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45
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Havel JE, Kovalenko KE, Thomaz SM, Amalfitano S, Kats LB. Aquatic invasive species: challenges for the future. HYDROBIOLOGIA 2015; 750:147-170. [PMID: 32214452 DOI: 10.1007/s10750-014-2150-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Revised: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Humans have effectively transported thousands of species around the globe and, with accelerated trade; the rate of introductions has increased over time. Aquatic ecosystems seem at particular risk from invasive species because of threats to biodiversity and human needs for water resources. Here, we review some known aspects of aquatic invasive species (AIS) and explore several new questions. We describe impacts of AIS, factors limiting their dispersal, and the role that humans play in transporting AIS. We also review the characteristics of species that should be the greatest threat for future invasions, including those that pave the way for invasions by other species ("invasional meltdown"). Susceptible aquatic communities, such as reservoirs, may serve as stepping stones for invasions of new landscapes. Some microbes disperse long distance, infect new hosts and grow in the external aquatic medium, a process that has consequences for human health. We also discuss the interaction between species invasions and other human impacts (climate change, landscape conversion), as well as the possible connection of invasions with regime shifts in lakes. Since many invaders become permanent features of the environment, we discuss how humans live with invasive species, and conclude with questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Havel
- 1Department of Biology, Missouri State University, 901 S. National Avenue, Springfield, MO 65897 USA
| | - Katya E Kovalenko
- 2Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth, 5013 Miller Trunk Highway, Duluth, MN 55812 USA
| | - Sidinei Magela Thomaz
- 3State University of Maringá, Nupélia/DBI/PEA, Colombo Avenue 5790, Maringá, PR 87020-900 Brazil
| | - Stefano Amalfitano
- 4Water Research Institute (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome Italy
| | - Lee B Kats
- 5Natural Science Division, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA 90263 USA
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46
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Magozzi S, Calosi P. Integrating metabolic performance, thermal tolerance, and plasticity enables for more accurate predictions on species vulnerability to acute and chronic effects of global warming. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2015; 21:181-194. [PMID: 25155644 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Predicting species vulnerability to global warming requires a comprehensive, mechanistic understanding of sublethal and lethal thermal tolerances. To date, however, most studies investigating species physiological responses to increasing temperature have focused on the underlying physiological traits of either acute or chronic tolerance in isolation. Here we propose an integrative, synthetic approach including the investigation of multiple physiological traits (metabolic performance and thermal tolerance), and their plasticity, to provide more accurate and balanced predictions on species and assemblage vulnerability to both acute and chronic effects of global warming. We applied this approach to more accurately elucidate relative species vulnerability to warming within an assemblage of six caridean prawns occurring in the same geographic, hence macroclimatic, region, but living in different thermal habitats. Prawns were exposed to four incubation temperatures (10, 15, 20 and 25 °C) for 7 days, their metabolic rates and upper thermal limits were measured, and plasticity was calculated according to the concept of Reaction Norms, as well as Q10 for metabolism. Compared to species occupying narrower/more stable thermal niches, species inhabiting broader/more variable thermal environments (including the invasive Palaemon macrodactylus) are likely to be less vulnerable to extreme acute thermal events as a result of their higher upper thermal limits. Nevertheless, they may be at greater risk from chronic exposure to warming due to the greater metabolic costs they incur. Indeed, a trade-off between acute and chronic tolerance was apparent in the assemblage investigated. However, the invasive species P. macrodactylus represents an exception to this pattern, showing elevated thermal limits and plasticity of these limits, as well as a high metabolic control. In general, integrating multiple proxies for species physiological acute and chronic responses to increasing temperature helps providing more accurate predictions on species vulnerability to warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Magozzi
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK; Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, School of Marine Science and Engineering, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
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47
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Havel JE, Kovalenko KE, Thomaz SM, Amalfitano S, Kats LB. Aquatic invasive species: challenges for the future. HYDROBIOLOGIA 2015; 750:147-170. [PMID: 32214452 PMCID: PMC7087615 DOI: 10.1007/s10750-014-2166-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Revised: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Humans have effectively transported thousands of species around the globe and, with accelerated trade; the rate of introductions has increased over time. Aquatic ecosystems seem at particular risk from invasive species because of threats to biodiversity and human needs for water resources. Here, we review some known aspects of aquatic invasive species (AIS) and explore several new questions. We describe impacts of AIS, factors limiting their dispersal, and the role that humans play in transporting AIS. We also review the characteristics of species that should be the greatest threat for future invasions, including those that pave the way for invasions by other species ("invasional meltdown"). Susceptible aquatic communities, such as reservoirs, may serve as stepping stones for invasions of new landscapes. Some microbes disperse long distance, infect new hosts and grow in the external aquatic medium, a process that has consequences for human health. We also discuss the interaction between species invasions and other human impacts (climate change, landscape conversion), as well as the possible connection of invasions with regime shifts in lakes. Since many invaders become permanent features of the environment, we discuss how humans live with invasive species, and conclude with questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E. Havel
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, 901 S. National Avenue, Springfield, MO 65897 USA
| | - Katya E. Kovalenko
- Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth, 5013 Miller Trunk Highway, Duluth, MN 55812 USA
| | - Sidinei Magela Thomaz
- State University of Maringá, Nupélia/DBI/PEA, Colombo Avenue 5790, Maringá, PR 87020-900 Brazil
| | - Stefano Amalfitano
- Water Research Institute (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome Italy
| | - Lee B. Kats
- Natural Science Division, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA 90263 USA
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