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Ramírez-Álvarez R, Contreras S, Vivancos A, Reid M, López-Rodríguez R, Górski K. Unpacking the complexity of longitudinal movement and recruitment patterns of facultative amphidromous fish. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3164. [PMID: 35210443 PMCID: PMC8873245 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06936-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Longitudinal movement plays fundamental role in habitat colonization and population establishment of many riverine fish species. Movement patterns of amphidromous fish species at fine-scales that would allow characterizing the direction of movement and factors associated with the establishment of specific life-history strategies (resident or amphidromous) in rivers are still poorly understood. We assess fine-scale longitudinal movement variability patterns of facultative amphidromous fish species Galaxias maculatus in order to unfold its life-history variation and associated recruitment habitats. Specifically, we analyzed multi-elemental composition along core to edge transects in ear-bones (otoliths) of each fish using recursive partitions that divides the transect along signal discontinuities. Fine-scale movement assessment in five free-flowing river systems allowed us to identify movement direction and potential recruitment habitats. As such, resident recruitment of G. maculatus in freshwater (71%) and estuarine (24%) habitats was more frequent than amphidromous recruitment (5%), and was linked to availability of slow-flowing lotic or lentic habitats that produce or retain small-bodied prey consumed by their larvae. We postulate that life-history variation and successful recruitment of facultative amphidromous fish such as G. maculatus in river systems is driven by availability of suitable recruitment habitats and natural hydrologic connectivity that allows fish movement to these habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergio Contreras
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de La Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Aurélien Vivancos
- Departamento de Sistemas Acuáticos, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA - Chile, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Malcolm Reid
- Geology Department, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ruby López-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Konrad Górski
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile. .,Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
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2
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OUP accepted manuscript. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blac043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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3
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Historical and Contemporary Diversity of Galaxiids in South America: Biogeographic and Phylogenetic Perspectives. DIVERSITY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/d12080304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Galaxiid fishes from South America are represented by three genera (Aplochiton, Brachygalaxias and Galaxias) and eight species. Their genetic patterns have been studied over the last two decades to disentangle how historical and contemporary processes influenced their biogeographic distribution and phylogeographic patterns. Here we review and synthesize this body of work. Phylogeographic approaches reveal the important role played by orogeny and the expansion/melting of glacial ice during the Quaternary. Populations retreated to glacial refugia during glacial times and some systems experienced drainage reversals from the Atlantic to the Pacific following deglaciation. Although most species expanded their populations and increased their genetic diversity during the Holocene, the introduction of salmonids and the construction of dams are likely to lead to a decline in genetic diversity for at least some species. An improvement in our understanding of the processes that influenced historical and contemporary diversity patterns among galaxiid and other native fishes in South America is necessary for addressing the cumulative and synergistic impacts of human activity on this unique freshwater fauna.
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Victoriano PF, Muñoz-Ramírez CP, Canales-Aguirre CB, Jara A, Vera-Escalona I, Burgos-Careaga T, Muñoz-Mendoza C, Habit EM. Contrasting evolutionary responses in two co-distributed species of Galaxias (Pisces, Galaxiidae) in a river from the glaciated range in Southern Chile. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:200632. [PMID: 32874654 PMCID: PMC7428232 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.200632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Life-history traits are among the most important factors affecting population abundance and genetic diversity of species. Here, we analysed the genetic patterns of two Galaxias species with different life-history traits to investigate how these biological differences impacted their evolution in the Valdivia River basin, Southern Chile. We analysed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences from 225 individuals of Galaxias maculatus and 136 of G. platei to compare patterns of genetic diversity, structure and demographic growth across the basin. Galaxias maculatus presented higher genetic diversity and higher genetic structure than G. platei. Demographic analyses showed G. maculatus kept a higher population size over time, with a signal of demographic expansion in the last 250 kyr. Whereas Galaxias platei, exhibited lower, but constant population size over time. Furthermore, haplotype networks revealed higher lineage diversity in G. maculatus with a tendency to occupy different areas of the basin. Coalescent simulations ruled out that genetic differences between species could be explained by stochastic processes (genetic drift), suggesting species-specific biological differences as responsible for the observed genetic differences. We discuss how differences in life-history traits and past glaciations interact to shape the evolutionary history of the two Galaxias species.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. F. Victoriano
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Authors for correspondence: P. F. Victoriano e-mail:
| | - C. P. Muñoz-Ramírez
- Instituto de Entomología, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Authors for correspondence: C. P. Muñoz-Ramírez e-mail:
| | - C. B. Canales-Aguirre
- Centro i∼mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Camino Chinquihue Km 7, Puerto Montt, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio de Salmónidos Invasores (INVASAL), Concepción, Chile
| | - A. Jara
- Núcleo Milenio de Salmónidos Invasores (INVASAL), Concepción, Chile
| | - I. Vera-Escalona
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - T. Burgos-Careaga
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - C. Muñoz-Mendoza
- Núcleo Milenio de Salmónidos Invasores (INVASAL), Concepción, Chile
| | - E. M. Habit
- Unidad de Sistemas Acuáticos, Centro de Ciencias Ambientales Eula-Chile, Universidad de Concepción, Concepcion, Chile
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5
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Ruzzante DE, Simons AP, McCracken GR, Habit E, Walde SJ. Multiple drainage reversal episodes and glacial refugia in a Patagonian fish revealed by sequenced microsatellites. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20200468. [PMID: 32486985 PMCID: PMC7341911 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.0468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise of the southern Andes and the Quaternary glacial cycles influenced the landscape of Patagonia, affecting the phylogeographic and biogeographic patterns of its flora and fauna. Here, we examine the phylogeography of the freshwater fish, Percichthys trucha, using 53 sequenced microsatellite DNA markers. Fish (n= 835) were collected from 16 river systems (46 locations) spanning the species range on both sides of the Andes. Eleven watersheds drain to the Pacific, five of which are trans-Andean (headwaters east of Andes). The remaining five drainages empty into the Atlantic. Three analytical approaches (neighbour-joining tree, hierarchical AMOVAs, Structure) revealed evidence of historic drainage reversals: fish from four of the five trans-Andean systems (Puelo, Futalaufquen/Yelcho, Baker, Pascua) exhibited greater genetic similarity with Atlantic draining systems than with Pacific systems with headwaters west of Andes. Present-day drainage (Pacific versus Atlantic) explained only 5% of total genetic variance, while ancestral drainage explained nearly 27% of total variance. Thus, the phylogeographic structure of P. trucha is consistent with episodes of drainage reversal in multiple systems and suggests a major role for deglaciation in the genetic and indeed the geographical distribution of P. trucha in Patagonia. The study emphasizes the significant role of historical processes in the current pattern of genetic diversity and differentiation in a fish from a southern temperate region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Ruzzante
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Annie P Simons
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Evelyn Habit
- Departamento de Sistemas Acuáticos, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Sandra J Walde
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Maldonado-Márquez A, Contador T, Rendoll-Cárcamo J, Moore S, Pérez-Troncoso C, Gomez-Uchida D, Harrod C. Southernmost distribution limit for endangered Peladillas (Aplochiton taeniatus) and non-native coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) coexisting within the Cape Horn biosphere reserve, Chile. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2020; 96:1495-1500. [PMID: 32187706 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve, one of the last wild areas of the planet, is not exempt from the pressures of global change, such as non-native species introductions. During 2018 and 2019 we studied the Róbalo river basin in order to update the diversity and distribution of fishes. Here, we report for the first time the native and endangered "Peladillas" Aplochiton taeniatus and the non-native coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch. The coexistence of native and non-native fishes poses a challenge for the management and conservation of aquatic biota from the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Maldonado-Márquez
- Wankara Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Freshwater Ecosystems Laboratory, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Chile
- Subantarctic Biocultural Conservation Program, Omora Ethnobotanical Park, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Chile
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio INVASAL, Concepción, Chile
| | - Tamara Contador
- Wankara Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Freshwater Ecosystems Laboratory, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Chile
- Subantarctic Biocultural Conservation Program, Omora Ethnobotanical Park, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Chile
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio INVASAL, Concepción, Chile
| | - Javier Rendoll-Cárcamo
- Wankara Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Freshwater Ecosystems Laboratory, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Chile
- Subantarctic Biocultural Conservation Program, Omora Ethnobotanical Park, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Chile
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sabrina Moore
- Wankara Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Freshwater Ecosystems Laboratory, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio INVASAL, Concepción, Chile
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Carolina Pérez-Troncoso
- Wankara Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Freshwater Ecosystems Laboratory, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Chile
- Subantarctic Biocultural Conservation Program, Omora Ethnobotanical Park, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Chile
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio INVASAL, Concepción, Chile
| | - Daniel Gomez-Uchida
- Núcleo Milenio INVASAL, Concepción, Chile
- Genomics in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation Laboratory (GEECLAB), Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Chris Harrod
- Núcleo Milenio INVASAL, Concepción, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
- Universidad de Antofagasta Stable Isotope Facility, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
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Valenzuela‐Aguayo F, McCracken GR, Manosalva A, Habit E, Ruzzante DE. Human-induced habitat fragmentation effects on connectivity, diversity, and population persistence of an endemic fish, Percilia irwini, in the Biobío River basin (Chile). Evol Appl 2020; 13:794-807. [PMID: 32211068 PMCID: PMC7086057 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
An understanding of how genetic variability is distributed in space is fundamental for the conservation and maintenance of diversity in spatially fragmented and vulnerable populations. While fragmentation can occur from natural barriers, it can also be exacerbated by anthropogenic activities such as hydroelectric power plant development. Whatever the source, fragmentation can have significant ecological effects, including disruptions of migratory processes and gene flow among populations. In Chile, the Biobío River basin exhibits a high degree of habitat fragmentation due to the numerous hydroelectric power plants in operation, the number of which is expected to increase following new renewable energy use strategies. Here, we assessed the effects of different kinds of barriers on the genetic structure of the endemic freshwater fish Percilia irwini, knowledge that is critically needed to inform conservation strategies in light of current and anticipated further fragmentation initiatives in the system. We identified eight genetic units throughout the entire Biobío system with high effective sizes. A reduced effective size estimate was, however, observed in a single population located between two impassable barriers. Both natural waterfalls and human-made dams were important drivers of population differentiation in this system; however, dams affect genetic diversity differentially depending on their mode of operation. Evidence of population extirpation was found in two river stretches limited by upstream and downstream dams. Significant gene flow in both directions was found among populations not separated by natural or anthropogenic barriers. Our results suggest a significant vulnerability of P. irwini populations to future dam development and demonstrate the importance of studying basin-wide data sets with genetic metrics to understand the strength and direction of anthropogenic impacts on fish populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Valenzuela‐Aguayo
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Conservación de PecesDepartamento de Sistemas AcuáticosFacultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULAUniversidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
- Department of BiologyDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNSCanada
| | | | - Aliro Manosalva
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Conservación de PecesDepartamento de Sistemas AcuáticosFacultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULAUniversidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
| | - Evelyn Habit
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Conservación de PecesDepartamento de Sistemas AcuáticosFacultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULAUniversidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
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8
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Delgado ML, Górski K, Habit E, Ruzzante DE. The effects of diadromy and its loss on genomic divergence: The case of amphidromous
Galaxias maculatus
populations. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:5217-5231. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.15290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Konrad Górski
- Departamento de Ecología Facultad de Ciencias y Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS) Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción Concepción Chile
| | - Evelyn Habit
- Centro de Ciencias Ambientales EULA Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile
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