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Baer MK, Marke G, Mehl L, Hellmuth R, Bartholomäus A, Lipski A. Corynebacterium suedekumii sp. nov and Corynebacterium breve sp. nov., isolated from raw cow's milk. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 37889136 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Four Gram-positive, rod-shaped, none-sporeforming, non-motile isolates were obtained from various raw milk samples taken from the cooling tank on a research farm in Königswinter, Germany. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA genes and whole genome sequences, all isolates were assigned to the genus Corynebacterium, but were divided in two different groups. All isolates contained C18 : 1 cis 9 and C16 : 0 as predominant fatty acids, as well as traces of C18 : 0. They all contained menaquinones MK-8 (H2) and MK-9 (H2) and produced mycolic acids characteristic for the majority of species belonging to the genus Corynebacterium. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values to the closest related type strains Corynebacterium humireducens DSM 45392T and Corynebacterium pilosum DSM 20521T were below 98.7 %, average nucleotide identity values were below 86 % and digital DNA-DNA-hybridization values were below 25 %, indicating that the isolates represent two novel species. The names Corynebacterium suedekumii sp. nov. and Corynebacterium breve sp. nov. are proposed, represented by the type strains LM112T (=DSM 116216T=HAMBI 3782T) and R4T (=DSM 116183T=HAMBI 3785T), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Katharina Baer
- University of Bonn, Institute of Nutritional and Food Science, Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gina Marke
- University of Bonn, Institute of Nutritional and Food Science, Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Lena Mehl
- University of Bonn, Institute of Nutritional and Food Science, Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ronja Hellmuth
- University of Bonn, Institute of Nutritional and Food Science, Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - André Lipski
- University of Bonn, Institute of Nutritional and Food Science, Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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2
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Corynebacterium antarcticum sp. nov., Corynebacterium marambiense sp. nov., Corynebacterium meridianum sp. nov., and Corynebacterium pygosceleis sp. nov., isolated from Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae). Syst Appl Microbiol 2023; 46:126390. [PMID: 36566621 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2022.126390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A taxonomic study was conducted on 16 bacterial strains isolated from wild Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) from Seymour (Marambio) Island and James Ross Island. An initial screening by repetitive sequence-based PCR fingerprinting divided the strains studied into four coherent groups. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences assigned all groups to the genus Corynebacterium and showed that Corynebacterium glyciniphilum and Corynebacterium terpenotabidum were the closest species with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between 95.4 % and 96.5 %. Further examination of the strains studied with ribotyping, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, comprehensive biotyping and calculation of average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridisation values confirmed the separation of the four groups from each other and from the other Corynebacterium species. Chemotaxonomically, the four strains P5828T, P5850T, P6136T, P7210T representing the studied groups were characterised by C16:0 and C18:1ω9c as the major fatty acids, by the presence of meso-diaminopimelic acid in the peptidoglycan, the presence of corynemycolic acids and a quinone system with the predominant menaquinone MK-9(H2). The results of this study show that the strains studied represent four new species of the genus Corynebacterium, for which the names Corynebacterium antarcticum sp. nov. (type strain P5850T = CCM 8835T = LMG 30620T), Corynebacterium marambiense sp. nov. (type strain P5828T = CCM 8864T = LMG 31626T), Corynebacterium meridianum sp. nov. (type strain P6136T = CCM 8863T = LMG 31628T) and Corynebacterium pygosceleis sp. nov. (type strain P7210T = CCM 8836T = LMG 30621T) are proposed.
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3
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Dover LG, Thompson AR, Sutcliffe IC, Sangal V. Phylogenomic Reappraisal of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis, Mycolic Acid Biosynthesis and Clinical Relevance Among Members of the Genus Corynebacterium. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:802532. [PMID: 35003033 PMCID: PMC8733736 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.802532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Corynebacterium encompasses many species of biotechnological, medical or veterinary significance. An important characteristic of this genus is the presence of mycolic acids in their cell envelopes, which form the basis of a protective outer membrane (mycomembrane). Mycolic acids in the cell envelope of Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been associated with virulence. In this study, we have analysed the genomes of 140 corynebacterial strains, including representatives of 126 different species. More than 50% of these strains were isolated from clinical material from humans or animals, highlighting the true scale of pathogenic potential within the genus. Phylogenomically, these species are very diverse and have been organised into 19 groups and 30 singleton strains. We find that a substantial number of corynebacteria lack FAS-I, i.e., have no capability for de novo fatty acid biosynthesis and must obtain fatty acids from their habitat; this appears to explain the well-known lipophilic phenotype of some species. In most species, key genes associated with the condensation and maturation of mycolic acids are present, consistent with the reports of mycolic acids in their species descriptions. Conversely, species reported to lack mycolic acids lacked these key genes. Interestingly, Corynebacterium ciconiae, which is reported to lack mycolic acids, appears to possess all genes required for mycolic acid biosynthesis. We suggest that although a mycolic acid-based mycomembrane is widely considered to be the target for interventions by the immune system and chemotherapeutics, the structure is not essential in corynebacteria and is not a prerequisite for pathogenicity or colonisation of animal hosts.
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4
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Zhu W, Li J, Wang X, Yang J, Lu S, Lai XH, Jin D, Huang Y, Zhang S, Pu J, Zhou J, Ren Z, Huang Y, Wu X, Xu J. Actinomyces wuliandei sp. nov., Corynebacterium liangguodongii sp. nov., Corynebacterium yudongzhengii sp. nov. and Oceanobacillus zhaokaii sp. nov., isolated from faeces of Tibetan antelope in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau of China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:3763-3774. [PMID: 32496179 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Eight Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped bacterial strains were isolated from faeces of Tibetan antelopes on the Tibet-Qinghai Plateau of China. Genomic sequence analysis showed that the strains belong to the genera Actinomyces (strains 299T and 340), Corynebacterium (strains 2184T, 2185, 2183T and 2189) and Oceanobacillus (strains 160T and 143), respectively, with a percentage of similarity for the 16S rRNA gene under the species threshold of 98.7 % except for strains 160T and 143 with Oceanobacillus arenosus CAU 1183T (98.8 %). The genome sizes (and genomic G+C contents) were 3.1 Mb (49.4 %), 2.5 Mb (64.9 %), 2.4 Mb (66.1 %) and 4.1 Mb (37.1 %) for the type strains 299T, 2183T, 2184T and 160T, respectively. Two sets of the overall genome relatedness index values between our isolates and their corresponding closely related species were under species thresholds (95 % for average nucleotide identity, and 70 % for digital DNA-DNA hybridization). These results, together with deeper genotypic, genomic, phenotypic and biochemical analyses, indicate that these eight isolates should be classified as representing four novel species. Strain 299T (=CGMCC 1.16320T=JCM 33611T) is proposed as representing Actinomyces wuliandei sp. nov.; strain 2184T (=CGMCC 1.16417T=DSM 106203T) is proposed as representing Corynebacterium liangguodongii sp. nov.; strain 2183T (=CGMCC 1.16416T=DSM 106264T) is proposed as representing Corynebacterium yudongzhengii sp. nov.; and strain 160T (=CGMCC 1.16367T=DSM 106186T) is proposed as representing Oceanobacillus zhaokaii sp. nov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Junqin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University School of Public Health, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, PR China.,Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Shan Lu
- Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, PR China.,Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Xin-He Lai
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, PR China
| | - Dong Jin
- Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, PR China.,Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Yuyuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Sihui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Ji Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Juan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Zhihong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China.,Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, PR China.,Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, PR China.,Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University School of Public Health, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
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5
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Claverías F, Gonzales-Siles L, Salvà-Serra F, Inganäs E, Molin K, Cumsille A, Undabarrena A, Couve E, Moore ERB, Tindall BJ, Gomila M, Camara B. Corynebacterium alimapuense sp. nov., an obligate marine actinomycete isolated from sediment of Valparaíso bay, Chile. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:783-790. [PMID: 30688628 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel Gram-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming and aerobic bacterium, designated strain VA37-3T, was isolated from a marine sediment sample collected at 19.2 m water depth from Valparaíso bay, Chile. Strain VA37-3T exhibits 97.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Corynebacterium marinum D7015T, 96.4 % to Corynebacterium humireducens MFC-5T and 96 % to Corynebacterium testudinoris M935/96/4T; and a rpoB gene sequence similarity of 85.1 % to Corynebacterium pollutisoli VMS11T, both analyses suggesting that strain VA37-3T represents a novel species of Corynebacterium. Physiological testing indicated that strain VA37-3T requires artificial sea water or sodium-supplemented media for growth, representing the first obligate marine actinomycete of the genus Corynebacterium. The genome of the proposed new species, along with the type strains of its most closely related species were sequenced and characterized. In silico genome-based similarity analyses revealed an ANIb of 72.8 % (C. marinum D7015T), ANIm of 85.0 % (Corynebacterium mustelae DSM 45274T), tetra of 0.90 (Corynebacterium callunae DSM 20147T) and ggdc of 24.7 % (Corynebacterium kutscheri DSM 20755T) when compared with the closest related strains. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain VA37-3T was 57.0 %. Chemotaxonomic assessment of strain VN6-2T showed the major fatty acids were C18 : 1ω9c and C16 : 0. Menaquinones predominantly consisted of MK-8(II-H2). Polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, glycolipids, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid and phosphatidylinositol. Mycolic acids also were present. Overall, the results from phylogenetic, phenotypic and genomic analyses confirmed that strain VA37-3T represents a novel species of the genus Corynebacterium, for which the name Corynebacterium alimapuense sp. nov. is proposed, with VA37-3T as the type strain (=CCUG 69366T=NCIMB 15118T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Claverías
- 1Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química y Centro de Biotecnología Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Lucia Gonzales-Siles
- 2Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,3Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG), Department of Clinical Microbiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Francisco Salvà-Serra
- 2Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,5Microbiology, Department of Biology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,3Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG), Department of Clinical Microbiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,4Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Inganäs
- 4Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kent Molin
- 4Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrés Cumsille
- 1Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química y Centro de Biotecnología Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Agustina Undabarrena
- 1Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química y Centro de Biotecnología Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Eduardo Couve
- 6Instituto de Biología, Laboratorio de Microscopía Electrónica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Edward R B Moore
- 2Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,3Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG), Department of Clinical Microbiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,4Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Brian J Tindall
- 7Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Margarita Gomila
- 5Microbiology, Department of Biology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Beatriz Camara
- 1Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química y Centro de Biotecnología Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
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6
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Nouioui I, Carro L, García-López M, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Woyke T, Kyrpides NC, Pukall R, Klenk HP, Goodfellow M, Göker M. Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2007. [PMID: 30186281 PMCID: PMC6113628 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 394] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of phylogenetic taxonomic procedures led to improvements in the classification of bacteria assigned to the phylum Actinobacteria but even so there remains a need to further clarify relationships within a taxon that encompasses organisms of agricultural, biotechnological, clinical, and ecological importance. Classification of the morphologically diverse bacteria belonging to this large phylum based on a limited number of features has proved to be difficult, not least when taxonomic decisions rested heavily on interpretation of poorly resolved 16S rRNA gene trees. Here, draft genome sequences of a large collection of actinobacterial type strains were used to infer phylogenetic trees from genome-scale data using principles drawn from phylogenetic systematics. The majority of taxa were found to be monophyletic but several orders, families, and genera, as well as many species and a few subspecies were shown to be in need of revision leading to proposals for the recognition of 2 orders, 10 families, and 17 genera, as well as the transfer of over 100 species to other genera. In addition, emended descriptions are given for many species mainly involving the addition of data on genome size and DNA G+C content, the former can be considered to be a valuable taxonomic marker in actinobacterial systematics. Many of the incongruities detected when the results of the present study were compared with existing classifications had been recognized from 16S rRNA gene trees though whole-genome phylogenies proved to be much better resolved. The few significant incongruities found between 16S/23S rRNA and whole genome trees underline the pitfalls inherent in phylogenies based upon single gene sequences. Similarly good congruence was found between the discontinuous distribution of phenotypic properties and taxa delineated in the phylogenetic trees though diverse non-monophyletic taxa appeared to be based on the use of plesiomorphic character states as diagnostic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Nouioui
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Lorena Carro
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Marina García-López
- Department of Microorganisms, Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jan P. Meier-Kolthoff
- Department of Microorganisms, Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Tanja Woyke
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, United States
| | - Nikos C. Kyrpides
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, United States
| | - Rüdiger Pukall
- Department of Microorganisms, Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Klenk
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Goodfellow
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Markus Göker
- Department of Microorganisms, Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
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7
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Complete Genome Sequence of the Type Strain Corynebacterium testudinoris DSM 44614, Recovered from Necrotic Lesions in the Mouth of a Tortoise. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2015; 3:3/4/e00784-15. [PMID: 26227591 PMCID: PMC4520890 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00784-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The complete genome sequence of the type strain Corynebacterium testudinoris DSM 44614 from the mouth of a tortoise comprises 2,721,226 bp with a mean G+C content of 63.14%. The automatic annotation of the genome sequence revealed 4 rRNA operons, 51 tRNA genes, 7 other RNA genes, and 2,561 protein-coding regions.
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8
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Kim PS, Shin NR, Hyun DW, Kim JY, Whon TW, Oh SJ, Bae JW. Corynebacterium atrinae sp. nov., isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of a pen shell, Atrina pectinata. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:531-536. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.067587-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, facultatively anaerobic and rod-shaped bacterium, strain PSPT56T, was isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of a pen shell (Atrina pectinata). Optimal growth of strain PSPT56T was ascertained to occur at 30 °C, pH 8.0 and in the presence of 1–2 % (w/v) NaCl. The strain was catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. The major cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1ω9c, C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and C17 : 0. Tuberculostearic acid was not present. The major cell-wall sugars were ribose, galactose, glucose and arabinose. Peptidoglycan amino acids were meso-diaminopimelic acid, alanine and glutamic acid. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was MK-8(H2). Strain PSPT56T contained phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified phospholipid, two unidentified lipids and two unidentified amino-lipids. Mycolic acids were detected as constitutive components of the cell wall. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity showed that strain PSPT56T was most closely related to
Corynebacterium testudinoris
M935/96/4T and
Corynebacterium felinum
M714/95/5T with 98.69 % and 97.01 % similarity, respectively. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments indicated less than 29.9 % relatedness to the phylogenetically closest species. The G+C content of genomic DNA was 67.6 mol%. The phenotypic, phylogenetic and genotypic analyses indicated that strain PSPT56T represents a novel species within the genus
Corynebacterium
, for which the name Corynebacterium atrinae is proposed. The type strain is PSPT56T ( = KACC 17525T = JCM 19266T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pil Soo Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Ri Shin
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Hyun
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Yong Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woong Whon
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei Joon Oh
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Bae
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
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9
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Wu CY, Zhuang L, Zhou SG, Yuan Y, Yuan T, Li FB. Humic substance-mediated reduction of iron(III) oxides and degradation of 2,4-D by an alkaliphilic bacterium, Corynebacterium humireducens MFC-5. Microb Biotechnol 2013; 6:141-9. [PMID: 23217085 PMCID: PMC3917456 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
With the use of an alkaliphilic bacterium, Corynebacterium humireducens MFC-5, this study investigated the reduction of goethite (α-FeOOH) and degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) mediated by different humic substances (humics) and quinones in alkaline conditions (pH of 9.0). The results indicated that (i) using sucrose as the electron donor, the strain MFC-5 was capable of reducing anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonic acid (AQDS), anthraquinone-2-disulfonic acid (AQS), anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (AQC), humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA), and its reducing capability ranked as AQC > AQS > AQDS > FA > HA; (ii) the anaerobic reduction of α-FeOOH and 2,4-D by the strain was insignificant, while the reductions were greatly enhanced by the addition of quinones/humics serving as redox mediators; (iii) the Fe(III) reduction rate was positively related to the content of quinone functional groups and the electron-accepting capacities (EAC) of quinones/humics based on fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and electrochemical analyses; however, such a relationship was not found in 2,4-D degradation probably because quinone reduction was not the rate-limiting step of quinone-mediated reduction of 2,4-D. Using the example of α-FeOOH and 2,4-D, this study well demonstrated the important role of humics reduction on the Fe(III)/Fe(II) biogeochemical cycle and chlorinated organic compounds degradation in alkaline reducing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-yuan Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil SciencesGuangzhou, 510650, China
- Institute of Environment and Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou, 571101, China
| | - Li Zhuang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil SciencesGuangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Shun-gui Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil SciencesGuangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil SciencesGuangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Tian Yuan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil SciencesGuangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Fang-bai Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil SciencesGuangzhou, 510650, China
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10
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Poza M, Gayoso C, Gómez MJ, Rumbo-Feal S, Tomás M, Aranda J, Fernández A, Bou G. Exploring bacterial diversity in hospital environments by GS-FLX Titanium pyrosequencing. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44105. [PMID: 22952889 PMCID: PMC3430676 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding microbial populations in hospital environments is crucial for improving human health. Hospital-acquired infections are an increasing problem in intensive care units (ICU). In this work we present an exploration of bacterial diversity at inanimate surfaces of the ICU wards of the University Hospital A Coruña (Spain), as an example of confined hospital environment subjected to selective pressure, taking the entrance hall of the hospital, an open and crowded environment, as reference. Surface swab samples were collected from both locations and recovered DNA used as template to amplify a hypervariable region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Sequencing of the amplicons was performed at the Roche 454 Sequencing Center using GS-FLX Titanium procedures. Reads were pre-processed and clustered into OTUs (operational taxonomic units), which were further classified. A total of 16 canonical bacterial phyla were detected in both locations. Members of the phyla Firmicutes (mainly Staphylococcus and Streptococcus) and Actinobacteria (mainly Micrococcaceae, Corynebacteriaceae and Brevibacteriaceae) were over-represented in the ICU with respect to the Hall. The phyllum Proteobacteria was also well represented in the ICU, mainly by members of the families Enterobacteriaceae, Methylobacteriaceae and Sphingomonadaceae. In the Hall sample, the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Deinococcus-Thermus and Cyanobacteria were over-represented with respect to the ICU. Over-representation of Proteobacteria was mainly due to the high abundance of Enterobacteriaceae members. The presented results demonstrate that bacterial diversity differs at the ICU and entrance hall locations. Reduced diversity detected at ICU, relative to the entrance hall, can be explained by its confined character and by the existence of antimicrobial selective pressure. This is the first study using deep sequencing techniques made in hospital wards showing substantial hospital microbial diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Poza
- Microbioloy Department, Biomedical Research Institute-University Hospital, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carmen Gayoso
- Microbioloy Department, Biomedical Research Institute-University Hospital, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Manuel J. Gómez
- Sequencing and Bioinformatics Department, Astrobiology Center INTA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Soraya Rumbo-Feal
- Microbioloy Department, Biomedical Research Institute-University Hospital, A Coruña, Spain
| | - María Tomás
- Microbioloy Department, Biomedical Research Institute-University Hospital, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jesús Aranda
- Microbioloy Department, Biomedical Research Institute-University Hospital, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández
- Microbioloy Department, Biomedical Research Institute-University Hospital, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Germán Bou
- Microbioloy Department, Biomedical Research Institute-University Hospital, A Coruña, Spain
- * E-mail:
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11
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Fu B, Liao X, Liang R, Ding L, Xu K, Ren H. COD removal from expanded granular sludge bed effluent using a moving bed biofilm reactor and their microbial community analysis. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-010-0534-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Wu CY, Zhuang L, Zhou SG, Li FB, He J. Corynebacterium humireducens sp. nov., an alkaliphilic, humic acid-reducing bacterium isolated from a microbial fuel cell. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 61:882-887. [PMID: 20495037 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.020909-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel halotolerant, alkaliphilic, humic acid-reducing bacterium, designated MFC-5(T), was isolated from a microbial fuel cell that was fed continuously with artificial wastewater (pH 10.0). Cells were Gram-positive-staining, facultatively anaerobic, non-fermentative, non-motile rods and had a G+C content of 59.0 mol%. Microbial growth was observed with <13 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 10 %), at pH 7.0-11.0 (optimum pH 9.0) and at 25-45 °C (optimum 37 °C). Strain MFC-5(T) was active in the anaerobic reduction of a humic acid analogue, anthraquinone-2,6-disulphonate, with lactate, formate, acetate, ethanol or sucrose as the electron donor. The major cellular fatty acids were C(18 : 1)ω9c (42.68 %), C(16 : 0) (33.69 %), C(18 : 0) (7.56 %), C(17 : 1)ω8c (5.14 %) and C(17 : 0) (3.39 %). Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that strain MFC-5(T) displayed >3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence divergence from its closest relatives. Based on phenotypic, genetic and phylogenetic analysis, a novel species, Corynebacterium humireducens sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is MFC-5(T) ( = NBRC 106098(T) = CGMCC 2452(T) = DSM 45392(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yuan Wu
- Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.,Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Li Zhuang
- Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Shun-Gui Zhou
- Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Fang-Bai Li
- Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Jian He
- Key Laboratory for Microbiological Engineering of the Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
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13
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Funke G, Frodl R, Bernard KA. Corynebacterium mustelae sp. nov., isolated from a ferret with lethal sepsis. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 60:871-873. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.010942-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A non-lipophilic coryneform bacterium, strain 3105T, was isolated from various tissues of a ferret with lethal sepsis. The strain was characterized by phenotypic and chemotaxonomic methods, which suggested an assignment of the isolate to the genusCorynebacterium. Strain 3105Texhibited the following peculiar features that made it possible to differentiate it phenotypically from all other corynebacteria: its distinctive ‘humid cellar’-like odour, strong adherence to agar and a greenish-beige pigment. Strain 3105Texhibited more than 2.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence divergence from its closest phylogenetic neighbour,CorynebacteriumpseudotuberculosisNCTC 3450T(97.12 % sequence similarity). Analysis of the highly variable region within therpoBgene sequence showed that strain 3105Texhibited more than 14 % divergence from its closest phylogenetic relative, againC. pseudotuberculosis. Based on the data presented, it is proposed that the ferret isolate should be classified within a novel species,Corynebacterium mustelaesp. nov. (type strain 3105T=CCUG 57279T=DSM 45274T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Funke
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Gärtner and Colleagues Laboratories, Elisabethenstrasse 11, 88212 Ravensburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard Frodl
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Gärtner and Colleagues Laboratories, Elisabethenstrasse 11, 88212 Ravensburg, Germany
| | - Kathryn A. Bernard
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, 1015 Arlington Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada
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14
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Funke G, Englert R, Frodl R, Bernard KA, Stenger S. Corynebacterium canis sp. nov., isolated from a wound infection caused by a dog bite. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 60:2544-2547. [PMID: 20008112 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.019927-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A non-lipophilic, coryneform bacterium isolated from a patient's wound caused by a dog bite was characterized by phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular genetic methods. Chemotaxonomic features suggested assignment of the unknown bacterium to the genus Corynebacterium. The isolate exhibited the following unusual features, which made it possible to phenotypically differentiate it from all other medically relevant corynebacteria: the Gram stain showed some very filamentous rods (>15 μm in length); some cells exhibited branching; colonies were domed and adherent to agar; the micro-organism was positive for pyrazinamidase, β-glucosidase, α-glucosidase and trypsin but negative for β-galactosidase. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and partial rpoB gene sequencing showed that the closest phylogenetic relative, Corynebacterium freiburgense, exhibited more than 1.9 % and 17.9 % divergence with the unknown bacterium, respectively. Based on both phenotypic and molecular genetic data, it is proposed that the isolate should be classified as a novel species, Corynebacterium canis sp. nov., with the type strain 1170(T) (=CCUG 58627(T) =DSM 45402(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Funke
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Gärtner & Colleagues Laboratories, Elisabethenstrasse 11, 88212 Ravensburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Englert
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Labor Clotten, Bismarckallee 10, 79098 Freiburg/Breisgau, Germany
| | - Reinhard Frodl
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Gärtner & Colleagues Laboratories, Elisabethenstrasse 11, 88212 Ravensburg, Germany
| | - Kathryn A Bernard
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, 1015 Arlington Avenue, Winnipeg, R3E 3 R2, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Steffen Stenger
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Ulm, Robert-Koch-Strasse 10, 89075 Ulm, Germany
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15
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Funke G, Frodl R, Bernard KA, Englert R. Corynebacterium freiburgense sp. nov., isolated from a wound obtained from a dog bite. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:2054-7. [PMID: 19605716 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.008672-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A non-lipophilic, coryneform bacterium, isolated from a patient's wound obtained from a dog bite, was characterized by phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular genetic methods. Chemotaxonomic features suggested assignment of the unknown bacterium to the genus Corynebacterium. The isolate exhibited the following peculiar features which made it possible to differentiate it phenotypically from all other medically relevant corynebacteria: older colonies exhibited a 'spoke-wheel' macroscopic morphology, colonies were strongly adherent to blood agar and the strain did not have pyrazinamidase activity, but was positive for beta-galactosidase. 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the closest phylogenetic relative exhibited more than 3.9% divergence from the unknown isolate. Based on phenotypic and molecular genetic data, it is proposed that the isolate should be classified as a representative of a novel species, Corynebacterium freiburgense sp. nov., with strain 1045T (=CCUG 56874T=DSM 45254T) as the type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Funke
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Gärtner and Colleagues Laboratories, Elisabethenstrasse 11, 88212 Ravensburg, Germany.
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16
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Yassin AF. Corynebacterium ureicelerivorans sp. nov., a lipophilic bacterium isolated from blood culture. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2007; 57:1200-1203. [PMID: 17551029 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.64832-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A lipophilic coryneform bacterium isolated from a blood culture from a patient with signs of septicaemia was characterized by means of phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Chemotaxonomic investigations revealed the presence of cell-wall chemotype IV and short-chain mycolic acids, which are consistent with the genus Corynebacterium. The isolate was characterized biochemically by the very rapid (approx. 60 s) positive result that was obtained in a urease test in the API Coryne system. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing demonstrated that the isolate belonged phylogenetically to the genus Corynebacterium. The values for sequence divergence (⩾1.4 %) with respect to known Corynebacterium species, together with phenotypic differences, show that the unidentified bacterium represents a novel member of this genus. On the basis of both the phenotypic and phylogenetic data, this isolate should be classified within a novel species of the genus Corynebacterium, for which the name Corynebacterium ureicelerivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is IMMIB RIV-2301T (=DSM 45051T=CCUG 53377T).
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MESH Headings
- Bacteremia/microbiology
- Bacterial Typing Techniques
- Blood/microbiology
- Cell Wall/chemistry
- Corynebacterium/classification
- Corynebacterium/isolation & purification
- Corynebacterium Infections/microbiology
- DNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- Genes, rRNA
- Humans
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mycolic Acids/analysis
- Phylogeny
- RNA, Bacterial/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Urease/analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Yassin
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Immunologie der Universität Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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17
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Elliott DR, Wilson M, Buckley CMF, Spratt DA. Aggregative behavior of bacteria isolated from canine dental plaque. Appl Environ Microbiol 2006; 72:5211-7. [PMID: 16885267 PMCID: PMC1538737 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01060-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interbacterial adhesion of bacteria isolated from canine dental plaque was assessed by performing a visual coaggregation assay. Using conditions mimicking those likely to be encountered in vivo, the entire cultivable plaque microbiota from a single dog was assessed, and eight (6.7%) unique coaggregation interactions were detected for 120 crosses. Transmission electron microscopy was used to visualize several of the bacteria in isolation and as coaggregates, which revealed surface structures that may be involved in adhesion and coaggregation. The results of this study indicate that the prevalence of coaggregating pairs of dental plaque bacteria in dogs is similar to the prevalence of coaggregating pairs of dental plaque bacteria reported in humans. In addition, genera found in both hosts generally exhibited similar coaggregation reactions; however, autoaggregation was found to be more common among oral bacteria isolated from dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Elliott
- Division of Microbial Diseases, Eastman Dental Institute for Oral Health Care Sciences, University College London, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, United Kingdom
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18
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Fernández-Garayzábal JF, Vela AI, Egido R, Hutson RA, Lanzarot MP, Fernández-García M, Collins MD. Corynebacterium ciconiae sp. nov., isolated from the trachea of black storks (Ciconia nigra). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2004; 54:2191-2195. [PMID: 15545457 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.63165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Eight unidentified Gram-positive, rod-shaped organisms were recovered from the tracheas of apparently healthy black storks (Ciconia nigra) and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic analysis. Based on cellular morphology and biochemical criteria the isolates were tentatively assigned to the genus Corynebacterium, although three of the organisms did not appear to correspond to any recognized species. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies demonstrated that all of the isolates were phylogenetically members of the genus Corynebacterium. Five strains were genotypically identified as representing Corynebacterium falsenii, whereas the remaining three strains represented a hitherto unknown subline, associated with a small subcluster of species that includes Corynebacterium mastitidis and its close relatives. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown isolates from black storks represent a novel species within the genus Corynebacterium, for which the Corynebacterium ciconiae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CECT 5779T (=BS13T=CCUG 47525T).
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Fernández-Garayzábal
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A I Vela
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R Egido
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R A Hutson
- School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
| | - M P Lanzarot
- Gesnatura S.L., Avda. Brasil, 4, 28020 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M D Collins
- School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
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19
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Feurer C, Clermont D, Bimet F, Candréa A, Jackson M, Glaser P, Bizet C, Dauga C. Taxonomic characterization of nine strains isolated from clinical and environmental specimens, and proposal of Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2004; 54:1055-1061. [PMID: 15280269 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.02907-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nine unidentified Gram-positive, lipophilic corynebacteria were isolated from clinical and food samples and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic analysis. The bacteria were distinguished from Corynebacterium species with validly published names by biochemical tests, fatty acid content and whole-cell protein analysis. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated unambiguously that the nine strains were related phylogenetically to the species ‘Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum’ and represented a distinct subline within the genus Corynebacterium. On the basis of both phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence, the formal description of Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of C. tuberculostearicum is Medalle XT (=LDC-20T=CIP 107291T=CCUG 45418T=ATCC 35529T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Feurer
- Laboratoire de Génomique des Micro-organismes Pathogènes, Département Structure et Dynamique des Génomes, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France
- Molecular Diagnostics Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Rossa Avenue, Cork, Ireland
- Collection de l'Institut Pasteur, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France
| | - Dominique Clermont
- Collection de l'Institut Pasteur, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France
| | - François Bimet
- Collection de l'Institut Pasteur, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France
| | - Adina Candréa
- Collection de l'Institut Pasteur, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France
| | - Mary Jackson
- Unité de Génétique Mycobactérienne, Département Pathogénèse Microbienne, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France
| | - Philippe Glaser
- Laboratoire de Génomique des Micro-organismes Pathogènes, Département Structure et Dynamique des Génomes, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France
| | - Chantal Bizet
- Collection de l'Institut Pasteur, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France
| | - Catherine Dauga
- Collection de l'Institut Pasteur, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France
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20
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Collins MD, Hoyles L, Foster G, Falsen E. Corynebacterium caspium sp. nov., from a Caspian seal (Phoca caspica). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2004; 54:925-928. [PMID: 15143043 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.02950-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A previously unknown Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, non-lipophilic, catalase-positive, irregular rod-shaped bacterium (M/106/00/5T) was isolated, in mixed culture, from the penis of a Caspian seal (Phoca caspica). The strain was a facultative anaerobe that was able to grow at 22 and 42 °C. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the organism formed a hitherto unknown subline within the genus Corynebacterium. Sequence divergence values of more than 5 % from other described Corynebacterium species, together with phenotypic differences, showed that the unidentified bacterium represents a previously unrecognized member of this genus. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic considerations, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium isolated from a Caspian seal (strain M/106/00/5T=CCUG 44566T=CIP 107965T) be classified as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Corynebacterium, Corynebacterium caspium sp. nov.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lesley Hoyles
- School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | | | - Enevold Falsen
- Culture Collection, Department of Clinical Bacteriology, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden
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21
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Fernández-Garayzábal JF, Egido R, Vela AI, Briones V, Collins MD, Mateos A, Hutson RA, Domínguez L, Goyache J. Isolation of Corynebacterium falsenii and description of Corynebacterium aquilae sp. nov., from eagles. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1135-1138. [PMID: 12892140 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.02533-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochemical, molecular chemical and molecular genetic studies were performed on seven unidentified gram-positive, rod-shaped organisms recovered from eagles. The strains were provisionally identified as Corynebacterium jeikeium with the commercial API Coryne system, but they were able to grow under anaerobic conditions and were non-lipophilic. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies demonstrated that the isolates belonged phylogenetically to the genus Corynebacterium. Three strains were identified genotypically as Corynebacterium falsenii; the remaining four strains corresponded to a hitherto unknown lineage within the genus Corynebacterium, associated with a small subcluster of species that included Corynebacterium diphtheriae and its close relatives. The unknown bacterial strains were readily distinguished from these and other species of the genus by biochemical tests. Based on both phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterial strains from eagles should be classified as Corynebacterium aquilae sp. nov. (type strain is S-613T = CECT 5993T = CCUG 46511T).
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Fernández-Garayzábal
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R Egido
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A I Vela
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - V Briones
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M D Collins
- School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
| | - A Mateos
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R A Hutson
- School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
| | - L Domínguez
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Goyache
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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22
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Goyache J, Ballesteros C, Vela AI, Collins MD, Briones V, Hutson RA, Potti J, García-Borboroglu P, Domínguez L, Fernández-Garayzábal JF. Corynebacterium sphenisci sp. nov., isolated from wild penguins. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:1009-1012. [PMID: 12892119 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.02502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Six unidentified gram-positive, rod-shaped organisms recovered from the cloacae of apparently healthy wild penguins were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Chemotaxonomic investigations revealed the presence of a cell wall based on meso-diaminopimelic acid and long-chain cellular fatty acids of the straight-chain saturated and monounsaturated types, consistent with the genus Corynebacterium. Corynomycolic acids, which are characteristic of the genus, were also detected, albeit in small amounts. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies showed that the unidentified organisms were phylogenetically related to corynebacteria and represent a novel subline associated with a small subcluster of species that includes Corynebacterium xerosis, Corynebacterium amycolatum and Corynebacterium freneyi. The unknown isolates were readily distinguished from their closest phylogenetic relatives and all other Corynebacterium species with validly published names by using a combination of biochemical and chemotaxonomic criteria. Based on both phenotypic and 16S rRNA gene sequence considerations, it is proposed that the unknown isolates recovered from penguins be classified as a novel species in the genus Corynebacterium, Corynebacterium sphenisci sp. nov. The type strain is CECT 5990T (= CCUG 46398T).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Goyache
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - C Ballesteros
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A I Vela
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M D Collins
- School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
| | - V Briones
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R A Hutson
- School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
| | - J Potti
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - L Domínguez
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J F Fernández-Garayzábal
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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23
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Abstract
Corynebacterium freneyi is a recently described alpha-glucosidase-positive species of the genus CORYNEBACTERIUM: To our knowledge, there is no description of human infection due to this species. We report on a case of bacteremia due to C. freneyi following vascular surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Auzias
- Fédération de Microbiologie. Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, AP-HM Timone, Marseille, France
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24
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Abstract
A bacterial strain, strain IMMIB R-5091(T), isolated from a cosmetic dye was characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Chemotaxonomic investigations revealed the presence of cell-wall chemotype IV and short-chain mycolic acids consistent with the genus Corynebacterium. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the isolate constitutes a distinct subline within the genus Corynebacterium, displaying > 2.6% sequence divergence from established species. The isolate could be distinguished from other members of the genus Corynebacterium by biochemical tests. Based on both phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence, it is proposed that strain IMMIB R-5091(T) (= DSM 44530T = NRRL B-24142(T)) be classified as the type strain of a novel species, Corynebacterium glaucum sp. nov.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Yassin
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Immunologie der Universität Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - R M Kroppenstedt
- DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Mascheroder Weg 1b, D-24138 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - W Ludwig
- Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie Technische Universität München, am Hochanger 4, 85350 Freising, Germany
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25
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Goyache J, Vela AI, Collins MD, Ballesteros C, Briones V, Moreno J, Yorio P, Domínguez L, Hutson R, Fernández-Garayzábal JF. Corynebacterium spheniscorum sp. nov., isolated from the cloacae of wild penguins. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:43-46. [PMID: 12656150 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.02343-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty unidentified Gram-positive, rod-shaped organisms were recovered from the cloacae of apparently healthy wild penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic analysis. On the basis of cellular morphology and biochemical criteria, the isolates were tentatively assigned to the genus Corynebacterium, although the organisms did not appear to correspond to any recognized species. Lipid studies confirmed this generic placement, and comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the unidentified organisms represent a hitherto unknown subline, associated with a small subcluster of species that includes Corynebacterium diphtheriae and its close relatives. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown isolates from penguins be classified in the genus Corynebacterium, as Corynebacterium spheniscorum sp. nov. The type strain is strain PG 39T (=CCUG 45512T =CECT 5986T).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Goyache
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A I Vela
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M D Collins
- School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
| | - C Ballesteros
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - V Briones
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Moreno
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - P Yorio
- CENPAT-CONICET, Bv. Brown s/n, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - L Domínguez
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R Hutson
- School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
| | - J F Fernández-Garayzábal
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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