1
|
Wu X, Zhang W, Liu G, Chen T, Li Z. Changes in Diversity and Abundance of Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea and Bacteria along a Glacier Retreating Chronosequence in the Tianshan Mountains, China. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2871. [PMID: 38138015 PMCID: PMC10745509 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaciers retreating due to global warming create important new habitats, particularly suitable for studying ecosystem development where nitrogen is a limiting factor. Nitrogen availability mainly results from microbial decomposition and transformation processes, including nitrification. AOA and AOB perform the first and rate-limiting step of nitrification. Investigating the abundance and diversity of AOA and AOB is essential for understanding early ecosystem development. The dynamics of AOA and AOB community structure along a soil chronosequence in Tianshan No. 1 Glacier foreland were analyzed using qPCR and clone library methods. The results consistently showed low quantities of both AOA and AOB throughout the chronosequence. Initially, the copy numbers of AOB were higher than those of AOA, but they decreased in later stages. The AOB community was dominated by "Nitrosospira cluster ME", while the AOA community was dominated by "the soil and sediment 1". Both communities were potentially connected to supra- and subglacial microbial communities during early stages. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between the ratios of AOA and AOB with soil ammonium and total nitrogen levels. These results suggest that variations in abundance and diversity of AOA and AOB along the chronosequences were influenced by ammonium availability during glacier retreat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiukun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guangxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Lanzhou 730000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhongqin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao W, Bi X, Bai M, Wang Y. Research advances of ammonia oxidation microorganisms in wastewater: metabolic characteristics, microbial community, influencing factors and process applications. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:621-633. [PMID: 36988685 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02866-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia oxidation carried out by ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOMs) is a central step in the global nitrogen cycle. Aerobic AOMs comprise conventional ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), novel ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), which could exist in complex and extreme conditions, and complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox), which directly oxidize ammonia to nitrate within a single cell. Anaerobic AOMs mainly comprise anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB), which can transform NH4+-N and NO2--N into N2 under anaerobic conditions. In this review, the unique metabolic characteristics, microbial community of AOMs and the influencing factors are discussed. Process applications of nitrification/denitrification, nitritation/denitrification, nitritation/anammox and partial denitrification/anammox in wastewater treatment systems are emphasized. The future development of nitrogen removal processes using AOMs is expected, enrichment of comammox facilitates the complete nitrification performance, inhibiting the activity of comammox and NOB could achieve stable nitritation, and additionally, AnAOB conducting the anammox process in municipal wastewater is a promising development direction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Zhao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recycling, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, People's Republic of China.
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, People's Republic of China.
- Qingdao University of Technology, Huangdao District, Qingdao, 266525, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuejun Bi
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recycling, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Bai
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recycling, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recycling, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ye J, Wu J, Deng W, Li Y, Jiang C, Wang Y, Hong Y. Novel database and cut-off value for bacterial amoA gene revealed a spatial variability pattern of the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria community from river to sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114351. [PMID: 36401947 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) catalyze the first step of nitrification, oxidizing ammonia to nitrite, and are characterized by amoA gene encoding ammonia monooxygenase. To analyze the AOB community effectively, an integral taxonomy database containing 14,058 amoA sequences and the optimal cut-off value at 95 % for OTU clustering were determined. This method was evaluated to be efficient by the analysis of environmental samples from the river, estuary, and sea. Using this method, a significant spatial variance of the AOB community was found. The diversity of AOB was highest in the estuary and lowest in the ocean. Nitrosomonas were the predominant AOB in the sediments of the freshwater river and estuary. Nearly all the AOB-amoA sequences belonged to uncultured bacterium in the sediments of deep sea. In general, an integral AOB taxonomic database and a suitable cut-off value were constructed for the comprehensive exploration of the diversity of AOB from river to sea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Ye
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiapeng Wu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenfang Deng
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yiben Li
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Cuihong Jiang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yiguo Hong
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Paśmionka IB, Herbut P, Kaczor G, Chmielowski K, Gospodarek J, Boligłowa E, Bik-Małodzińska M, Vieira FMC. Influence of COD in Toxic Industrial Wastewater from a Chemical Concern on Nitrification Efficiency. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14124. [PMID: 36361004 PMCID: PMC9657722 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
COD is an arbitrary indicator of the content of organic and inorganic compounds in wastewater. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of COD of industrial wastewater on the nitrification process. This research covered wastewater from acrylonitrile and styrene-butadiene rubbers, emulsifiers, polyvinyl acetate, styrene, solvents (butyl acetate, ethyl acetate) and owipian® (self-extinguishing polystyrene intended for expansion) production. The volume of the analyzed wastewater reflected the active sludge load in the real biological treatment system. This research was carried out by the method of short-term tests. The nitrification process was inhibited to the greatest extent by wastewater from the production of acrylonitrile (approx. 51%) and styrene-butadiene (approx. 60%) rubbers. In these wastewaters, nitrification inhibition occurred due to the high COD load and the presence of inhibitors. Four-fold dilution of the samples resulted in a two-fold reduction in the inhibition of nitrification. On the other hand, in the wastewater from the production of emulsifiers and polyvinyl acetate, a two-fold reduction in COD (to the values of 226.4 mgO2·dm-3 and 329.8 mgO2·dm-3, respectively) resulted in a significant decrease in nitrification inhibition. Wastewater from the production of styrene, solvents (butyl acetate, ethyl acetate) and owipian® inhibited nitrification under the influence of strong inhibitors. Lowering the COD value of these wastewaters did not significantly reduce the inhibition of nitrification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iwona B. Paśmionka
- Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Herbut
- Department of Rural Building, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
- Biometeorology Study Group (GEBIOMET), Universida de Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Estrada para Boa Esperança, km 04, Comunidade São Cristóvão, Dois Vizinhos 85660-000, Brazil
| | - Grzegorz Kaczor
- Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Management, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Chmielowski
- Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Management, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
| | - Janina Gospodarek
- Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Boligłowa
- Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Bik-Małodzińska
- Institute of Soil Science, Engineering and Environmental Management, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-069 Lublin, Poland
| | - Frederico Márcio C. Vieira
- Biometeorology Study Group (GEBIOMET), Universida de Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Estrada para Boa Esperança, km 04, Comunidade São Cristóvão, Dois Vizinhos 85660-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nitrogen Removal of Water and Sediment in Grass Carp Aquaculture Ponds by Mixed Nitrifying and Denitrifying Bacteria and Its Effects on Bacterial Community. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14121855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Nitrification and denitrification are important for nitrogen (N) cycling in fish ponds culture, but the effects of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria concentrations on pond water and sediments remain largely unknown. Here, we used 0, 0.15, 0.30, 0.60 mg/L different concentrations of mixed nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria to repair the pond substrate through an enclosure experiment lasting 15 days. The results showed that the purification effect of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria was most obvious on pond nitrogen from day 4 to day 7. The optimal relative concentration was 0.60 mg/L for nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria; NH4+-N (ammonia nitrogen) decreased by 75.83%, NO2−-N (nitrite) by 93.09%, NO3−-N (nitrate) by 38.02%, and TN (total nitrogen) by 45.16% in this concentration group on pond water. In one cycle, C/N (carbon/nitrogen) ratio of both water body and bottom sediment significantly increased, but C/N ratio of water body increased more significantly than that of sediment. Water C/N ratio increased by 76.00%, and sediment C/N ratio increased by 51.96% in the 0.60 mg/L concentration group. Amplicon sequencing of pond sediment showed that the change in nitrifying and denitrifying bacterium diversity was consistent with that in water quality index. Dominant nitrifying bacteria had a relatively high percentage, with significant differences in dominant bacterium percentage across different bacterial addition groups, while dominant denitrifying bacterium percentage was not high without significant differences among different groups. The dominant species of nitrifying bacteria were, respectively, Nitrosomonas, Nitrosovibrio, Nitrosospira, and Aeromonas, and the dominant species of denitrifying bacteria were Thauera, Azoarcus, Magnetospirillum, Azospira, and Idiomarina. The correlation analyses showed an aerobic nitrification and facultative anaerobic denitrification in pond sediments. Research shows that the addition of exogenous nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria can effectively reduce the nitrogen load of pond water and sediment. At the concentration of 0.6 mg/L, the nitrogen load of pond water and sediment decreased most obviously, which had the best effect on pond purification.
Collapse
|
6
|
Xu H, Deng Y, Li X, Liu Y, Huang S, Yang Y, Wang Z, Hu C. Effect of Increasing C/N Ratio on Performance and Microbial Community Structure in a Membrane Bioreactor with a High Ammonia Load. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8070. [PMID: 34360363 PMCID: PMC8345800 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the responses of the operational performance of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) with a high ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N) load and microbial community structure to increasing carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratios were studied. Variation in the influent C/N ratio did not affect the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH4+-N but gradually abated the ammonia oxidization activity of sludge. The concentration of the sludge in the reactor at the end of the process increased four-fold compared with that of the seed sludge, ensuring the stable removal of NH4+-N. The increasing influent COD concentration resulted in an elevated production of humic acids in soluble microbial product (SMP) and accelerated the rate of membrane fouling. High-throughput sequencing analysis showed that the C/N ratio had selective effects on the microbial community structure. In the genus level, Methyloversatilis, Subsaxibacter, and Pseudomonas were enriched during the operation. However, the relative abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) involved in nitrification declined gradually and were decreased by 86.54 and 90.17%, respectively, with influent COD increasing from 0 to 2000 mg/L. The present study offers a more in-depth insight into the control strategy of the C/N ratio in the operation of an MBR with a high NH4+-N load.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huaihao Xu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.X.); (Y.D.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (C.H.)
| | - Yuepeng Deng
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.X.); (Y.D.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (C.H.)
| | - Xiuying Li
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.X.); (Y.D.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (C.H.)
| | - Yuxian Liu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.X.); (Y.D.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (C.H.)
- Linköping University-Guangzhou University Research Center on Urban Sustainable Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuangqiu Huang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.X.); (Y.D.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (C.H.)
| | - Yunhua Yang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.X.); (Y.D.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (C.H.)
| | - Zhu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.X.); (Y.D.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (C.H.)
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chun Hu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.X.); (Y.D.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (C.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Changes in soil ammonia oxidizers and potential nitrification after clear-cutting of boreal forests in China. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:126. [PMID: 34180026 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The Korean pine and broad-leaved mixed forests are the most typical and complete ecosystem among the global boreal forests, with extremely important ecological functions. However, few studies on the changes of soil ammonia oxidizers and potential nitrification after clear-cutting of forests are reported. In this study, in contrast to primary Korean pine forests, nitrate (NO3-) was significantly higher in secondary broad-leaved forests, while ammonium (NH4+) was on the contrary. The abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was greatly higher in secondary broad-leaved forests, while levels of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) were not significantly different between them. The significant differences of community structure of AOA and AOB were observed in different forest types and soil layers. Compared with AOA, community compositions of AOB was more sensitive to forest type. The dominant groups of AOA were Nitrososphaera and Nitrosotalea, and the dominant group of AOB was Nitrosospira, of which Nitrosospira cluster 2 and 4 were functional groups with highly activity. Soil potential nitrification rate (PNR) was higher in secondary broad-leaved forests. Furthermore, PNR and AOB abundance had a significant positive correlation, but no significant correlation with AOA abundance. These results provide insights into the soil nitrogen balance and effects on forest restoration after clear-cutting.
Collapse
|
8
|
Vieira S, Huber KJ, Neumann-Schaal M, Geppert A, Luckner M, Wanner G, Overmann J. Usitatibacter rugosus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Usitatibacter palustris sp. nov., novel members of Usitatibacteraceae fam. nov. within the order Nitrosomonadales isolated from soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 33433313 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the metabolically diverse order Nitrosomonadales inhabit a wide range of environments. Two strains affiliated with this order were isolated from soils in Germany and characterized by a polyphasic approach. Cells of strains 0125_3T and Swamp67T are Gram-negative rods, non-motile, non-spore-forming, non-capsulated and divide by binary fission. They tested catalase-negative, but positive for cytochrome c-oxidase. Both strains form small white colonies on agar plates and grow aerobically and chemoorganotrophically on SSE/HD 1 : 10 medium, preferably utilizing organic acids and proteinaceous substrates. Strains 0125_3T and Swamp67T are mesophilic and grow optimally without NaCl addition at slightly alkaline conditions. Major fatty acids are C16 : 1 ω7c, C16 : 0 and C14 : 0. The major polar lipids are diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidyglycerol. The predominant respiratory quinone is Q-8. The G+C content for 0125_3T and Swamp67T was 67 and 66.1 %, respectively. The 16S rRNA gene analysis indicated that the closest relatives (<91 % sequence similarity) of strain 0125_3T were Nitrosospira multiformis ATCC 25196T, Methyloversatilis universalis FAM5T and Denitratisoma oestradiolicum AcBE2-1T, while Nitrosospira multiformis ATCC 25196T, Nitrosospira tenuis Nv1T and Nitrosospira lacus APG3T were closest to strain Swamp67T. The two novel strains shared 97.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with one another and show low average nucleotide identity of their genomes (83.8 %). Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, genomic and phylogenetic analysis, we propose the two novel species Usitatibacter rugosus sp. nov (type strain 0125_3T=DSM 104443T=LMG 29998T=CECT 9241T) and Usitatibacter palustris sp. nov. (type strain Swamp67T=DSM 104440T=LMG 29997T=CECT 9242T) of the novel genus Usitatibacter gen. nov., within the novel family Usitatibacteraceae fam. nov.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selma Vieira
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Katharina J Huber
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Meina Neumann-Schaal
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Alicia Geppert
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Manja Luckner
- Department of Biology I, Biozentrum Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Großhaderner Str. 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Gerhard Wanner
- Department of Biology I, Biozentrum Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Großhaderner Str. 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jörg Overmann
- Braunschweig University of Technology, Spielmanstraße 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.,Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nardi P, Laanbroek HJ, Nicol GW, Renella G, Cardinale M, Pietramellara G, Weckwerth W, Trinchera A, Ghatak A, Nannipieri P. Biological nitrification inhibition in the rhizosphere: determining interactions and impact on microbially mediated processes and potential applications. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 44:874-908. [PMID: 32785584 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaa037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrification is the microbial conversion of reduced forms of nitrogen (N) to nitrate (NO3-), and in fertilized soils it can lead to substantial N losses via NO3- leaching or nitrous oxide (N2O) production. To limit such problems, synthetic nitrification inhibitors have been applied but their performance differs between soils. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the occurrence of biological nitrification inhibition (BNI), a natural phenomenon according to which certain plants can inhibit nitrification through the release of active compounds in root exudates. Here, we synthesize the current state of research but also unravel knowledge gaps in the field. The nitrification process is discussed considering recent discoveries in genomics, biochemistry and ecology of nitrifiers. Secondly, we focus on the 'where' and 'how' of BNI. The N transformations and their interconnections as they occur in, and are affected by, the rhizosphere, are also discussed. The NH4+ and NO3- retention pathways alternative to BNI are reviewed as well. We also provide hypotheses on how plant compounds with putative BNI ability can reach their targets inside the cell and inhibit ammonia oxidation. Finally, we discuss a set of techniques that can be successfully applied to solve unresearched questions in BNI studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierfrancesco Nardi
- Consiglio per la ricerca e l'analisi dell'economia agraria - Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA-AA), Via della Navicella 2-4, Rome 00184, Italy
| | - Hendrikus J Laanbroek
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands; Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Graeme W Nicol
- Laboratoire Ampère, École Centrale de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Ecully, 69134, France
| | - Giancarlo Renella
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Cardinale
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies - DiSTeBA, University of Salento, Centro Ecotekne - via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni, I-73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pietramellara
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Firenze, P.le delle Cascine 28, Firenze 50144, Italy
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Molecular Systems Biology (MOSYS), Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, 1090, Austria; Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Alessandra Trinchera
- Consiglio per la ricerca e l'analisi dell'economia agraria - Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA-AA), Via della Navicella 2-4, Rome 00184, Italy
| | - Arindam Ghatak
- Molecular Systems Biology (MOSYS), Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Paolo Nannipieri
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Firenze, P.le delle Cascine 28, Firenze 50144, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao B, Xie F, Zhang X, Yue X. Enhancing the nitrogen removal from swine wastewater digested liquid in a trickling biofilter with a soil layer. RSC Adv 2020; 10:23782-23791. [PMID: 35517362 PMCID: PMC9054833 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03333b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Trickling biofilters (TFs) allow for a simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) process, and offer a favorable solution for the treatment of swine-wastewater digested liquid due to their simple operation and low cost. In this study, a soil trickling biofilter (STF) was developed to enhance nitrogen removal. A gravel trickling filter (GTF) and a woodchip trickling filter (WTF) were also constructed and operated synchronously to demonstrate the advantage of micron-sized media. The results showed that the STF had a higher ammonium nitrogen (NH4 +-N) removal capacity of 21.4%, 24.9%, and 18.3% in comparison to the GTF when the influent NH4 +-N was 192.9 mg L-1, 500.2 mg L-1 and 802.1 mg L-1, respectively. The total nitrogen (TN) removal capacity of the STF was 104.6%, 89.4%, and 37.5% higher than that of the WTF. Thus, the addition of micron-sized soil to TF could increase the systemic nitrogen removal capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bowei Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology 79 Yingzexi Road Taiyuan 030000 P. R. China +86 0351-3176586
| | - Fei Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology 79 Yingzexi Road Taiyuan 030000 P. R. China +86 0351-3176586
| | - Xiao Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology 79 Yingzexi Road Taiyuan 030000 P. R. China +86 0351-3176586
| | - Xiuping Yue
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology 79 Yingzexi Road Taiyuan 030000 P. R. China +86 0351-3176586
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Separating and Characterizing Functional Nitrogen Degraders via Magnetic Nanoparticle-Mediated Isolation. J CHEM-NY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/1841364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticle-mediated isolation (MMI) is a new method for isolating active functional microbes from complex microorganisms without substrate labeling. In this study, the composition and properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were characterized by a number of techniques, indicating that MNPs have characteristics such as microinterfaces and can be efficiently fixed on the surface of microbial cells. It also introduced the MMI technology in activated sludge after stable long-term treatment. With further addition of promotor carbon sources, the enrichment of the functional nitrogen degraders in MMI was significantly higher than in samples without MNPs, showing the advantages of MMI in identifying the active degraders. Redundancy analysis (RDA) also showed that the functional nitrogen degraders such as Comamonadaceae_unclassified and Thiobacillus absolutely dominated in situ ammonia degradation, and the change in dominant genera had the same trend as the degradation rate of ammonia nitrogen. In the magnetically functionalized system, the separated functional nitrogen degraders significantly improved ammonia nitrogen degradation efficiency, making it basically stable at more than 80%, up to 91.6%. These results prove that the complex flora created after the addition of MNPs is more adaptable to newly introduced pollutants, and MMI is a powerful tool for studying pollutant-degrading microorganisms under in situ conditions.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhao Y, Tian G, Chen D, Zheng P, Yu J, He J, Mao X, Huang Z, Luo Y, Luo J, Yu B. Dietary protein levels and amino acid supplementation patterns alter the composition and functions of colonic microbiota in pigs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 6:143-151. [PMID: 32542194 PMCID: PMC7283365 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Different dietary nitrogen (N) patterns may have different effects on gut microbiota. To investigate the effects of different crude protein (CP) levels or essential amino acids (EAA) supplementation patterns on the structure and functions of colonic microbiota, 42 barrows (25 ± 0.39 kg) were randomly assigned to 7 dietary treatments including: diet 1, a high CP diet with balanced 10 EAA; diet 2, a medium CP diet with approximately 2% decreased CP level from diet 1 and balanced 10 EAA; diets 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, low CP diets with 4% decreased CP level from diet 1. Specifically, diet 3 was only balanced for Lys, Met, Thr and Trp; diets 4, 5 and 6 were further supplemented with Ile, Val and Ile + Val on the basis of diet 3, respectively; and diet 7 was balanced for 10 EAA. Results over a 110-d trial showed that reducing the CP level by 2% or 4% dramatically decreased N intake and excretion (P < 0.05) in the presence of balanced 10 EAA, which was not observed when altering the EAA supplementation patterns in low CP diet (−4%). With balanced 10 EAA, 2% reduction in dietary CP significantly reduced Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes (F:B) ratio and significantly elevated the abundance of Prevotellaceae NK3B31 (P < 0.05); whereas 4% reduction evidently increased the abundances of Proteobacteria, Succinivibrio and Lachnospiraceae XPB1014 (P < 0.05). Among the 5 low CP diets (−4%), supplementation with Ile, or Val + Ile, or balanced 10 EAA increased F:B ratio and the abundance of Proteobacteria. In addition, the predicted functions revealed that different CP levels and EAA balanced patterns dramatically altered the mRNA expression profiles of N-metabolizing genes, the “N and energy metabolism” pathways or the metabolism of some small substances, such as amino acids (AA) and vitamins. Our findings suggested that reducing the dietary CP levels by 2% to 4% with balancing 10 EAA, or only further supplementation with Ile or Val + Ile to a low protein diet (−4%) reduced the N contents entering the hindgut to various degrees, altered the abundances of N-metabolizing bacteria, and improved the abilities of N utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Gang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
De Tender C, Mesuere B, Van der Jeugt F, Haegeman A, Ruttink T, Vandecasteele B, Dawyndt P, Debode J, Kuramae EE. Peat substrate amended with chitin modulates the N-cycle, siderophore and chitinase responses in the lettuce rhizobiome. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9890. [PMID: 31289280 PMCID: PMC6617458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46106-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitin is a valuable peat substrate amendment by increasing lettuce growth and reducing the survival of the zoonotic pathogen Salmonella enterica on lettuce leaves. The production of chitin-catabolic enzymes (chitinases) play a crucial role and are mediated through the microbial community. A higher abundance of plant-growth promoting microorganisms and genera involved in N and chitin metabolism are present in a chitin-enriched substrate. In this study, we hypothesize that chitin addition to peat substrate stimulates the microbial chitinase production. The degradation of chitin leads to nutrient release and the production of small chitin oligomers that are related to plant growth promotion and activation of the plant's defense response. First a shotgun metagenomics approach was used to decipher the potential rhizosphere microbial functions then the nutritional content of the peat substrate was measured. Our results show that chitin addition increases chitin-catabolic enzymes, bacterial ammonium oxidizing and siderophore genes. Lettuce growth promotion can be explained by a cascade degradation of chitin to N-acetylglucosamine and eventually ammonium. The occurrence of increased ammonium oxidizing bacteria, Nitrosospira, and amoA genes results in an elevated concentration of plant-available nitrate. In addition, the increase in chitinase and siderophore genes may have stimulated the plant's systemic resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C De Tender
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Plant Sciences Unit, Burgemeester Van Gansberghelaan 92, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
- Ghent University, Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Krijgslaan 281 S9, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - B Mesuere
- Ghent University, Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Krijgslaan 281 S9, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - F Van der Jeugt
- Ghent University, Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Krijgslaan 281 S9, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Haegeman
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Plant Sciences Unit, Burgemeester Van Gansberghelaan 92, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - T Ruttink
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Plant Sciences Unit, Burgemeester Van Gansberghelaan 92, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - B Vandecasteele
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Plant Sciences Unit, Burgemeester Van Gansberghelaan 92, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - P Dawyndt
- Ghent University, Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Krijgslaan 281 S9, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - J Debode
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Plant Sciences Unit, Burgemeester Van Gansberghelaan 92, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - E E Kuramae
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology, department of Microbial Ecology, Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Aigle A, Prosser JI, Gubry-Rangin C. The application of high-throughput sequencing technology to analysis of amoA phylogeny and environmental niche specialisation of terrestrial bacterial ammonia-oxidisers. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOME 2019; 14:3. [PMID: 33902715 PMCID: PMC7989807 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-019-0342-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Characterisation of microbial communities increasingly involves use of high throughput sequencing methods (e.g. MiSeq Illumina) that amplify relatively short sequences of 16S rRNA or functional genes, the latter including ammonia monooxygenase subunit A (amoA), a key functional gene for ammonia oxidising bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA). The availability of these techniques, in combination with developments in phylogenetic methodology, provides the potential for better analysis of microbial niche specialisation. This study aimed to develop an approach for sequencing of bacterial and archaeal amoA genes amplified from soil using bioinformatics pipelines developed for general analysis of functional genes and employed sequence data to reassess phylogeny and niche specialisation in terrestrial bacterial ammonia oxidisers. RESULTS amoA richness and community composition differed with bioinformatics approaches used but analysis of MiSeq sequences was reliable for both archaeal and bacterial amoA genes and was used for subsequent assessment of potential niche specialisation of soil bacteria ammonia oxidisers. Prior to ecological analysis, phylogenetic analysis of Nitrosospira, which dominates soil AOB, was revisited using a phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and amoA genes in available AOB genomes. This analysis supported congruence between phylogenies of the two genes and increased previous phylogenetic resolution, providing support for additional gene clusters of potential ecological significance. Analysis of environmental sequences using these new sequencing, bioinformatics and phylogenetic approaches demonstrated, for the first time, similar niche specialisation in AOB to that in AOA, indicating pH as a key ecological factor controlling the composition of soil ammonia oxidiser communities. CONCLUSIONS This study presents the first bioinformatics pipeline for optimal analysis of Illumina MiSeq sequencing of a functional gene and is adaptable to any amplicon size (even genes larger than 500 bp). The pipeline was used to provide an up-to-date phylogenetic analysis of terrestrial betaproteobacterial amoA genes and to demonstrate the importance of soil pH for their niche specialisation and is broadly applicable to other ecosystems and diverse microbiomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Axel Aigle
- School of Biological Sciences, Cruickshank Building, University of Aberdeen, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU UK
| | - James I. Prosser
- School of Biological Sciences, Cruickshank Building, University of Aberdeen, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU UK
| | - Cécile Gubry-Rangin
- School of Biological Sciences, Cruickshank Building, University of Aberdeen, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shuai W, Jaffé PR. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled to iron reduction in constructed wetland mesocosms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 648:984-992. [PMID: 30340310 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Acidimicrobiaceae sp. A6 (referred to as A6) was recently identified as playing a key role in the Feammox process (ammonium oxidation coupled to iron reduction). Two constructed wetlands (CW) were built and bioaugmented with A6 to determine if, under the right conditions, Feammox can be enhanced in CWs by having strata with higher iron content. Hence, the solid stratum in the CWs was sand, and one CW was augmented with ferrihydrite. Vertical ammonium (NH4+) concentration profiles in the CW mesocosms were monitored regularly. After four months of operation, when reducing conditions were established in the CWs, they were inoculated with an enrichment culture containing A6 and monitored for an additional four months, after which they were dismantled and analyzed. During the four-month period after the A6 enrichment culture injection, 25.0 ± 7.3% of NH4+ was removed from the CW with the high iron substrate whereas 11.0 ± 9.7% was removed from the CW with the low iron substrate on average. Since the CW with high NH4+ removal had the same plant density, same bacterial biomass, same fraction of ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB), a higher biomass of A6, and a higher pH (NH4+ oxidation by Feammox raises pH, whereas NH4+ oxidation by aerobic AOB decreases pH), this difference in NH4+ removal is attributed to the Feammox process, indicating that wetlands can be constructed to take advantage of the Feammox process for increased NH4+ removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Shuai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, NJ 08540, USA.
| | - Peter R Jaffé
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, NJ 08540, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Salinity stresses make a difference in the start-up of membrane bioreactor: performance, microbial community and membrane fouling. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 42:445-454. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-2048-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
17
|
Dai L, Liu C, Yu L, Song C, Peng L, Li X, Tao L, Li G. Organic Matter Regulates Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacterial and Archaeal Communities in the Surface Sediments of Ctenopharyngodon idellus Aquaculture Ponds. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2290. [PMID: 30319588 PMCID: PMC6165866 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) play important roles in nitrogen removal in aquaculture ponds, but their distribution and the environmental factors that drive their distribution are largely unknown. In this study, we collected surface sediment samples from Ctenopharyngodon idellus ponds in three different areas in China that practice aquaculture. The community structure of AOB and AOA and physicochemical characteristics in the ponds were investigated. The results showed that AOA were more abundant than AOB in all sampling ponds except one, but sediment AOB and AOA numbers varied greatly between ponds. Correlation analyses indicated a significant correlation between the abundance of AOB and arylsulfatase, as well as the abundance of AOA and total nitrogen (TN) and arylsulfatase. In addition, AOB/AOA ratio was found to be significantly correlated with the microbial biomass carbon. AOB were grouped into seven clusters affiliated to Nitrosospira and Nitrosomonas, and AOA were grouped into six clusters affiliated to Nitrososphaera, Nitrososphaera sister group, and Nitrosopumilus. AOB/AOA diversity in the surface sediments of aquaculture ponds varied according to the levels of total organic carbon (TOC), and AOB and AOA diversity was significantly correlated with arylsulfatase and β-glucosidase, respectively. The compositions of the AOB communities were also found to be significantly influenced by sediment eutrophic status (TOC and TN levels), and pH. In addition, concentrations of acid phosphatase and arylsulfatase in surface sediments were significantly correlated with the prominent bacterial amoA genotypes, and concentrations of TOC and urease were found to be significantly correlated with the prominent archaeal amoA genotype compositions. Taken together, our results indicated that AOB and AOA communities in the surface sediments of Ctenopharyngodon idellus aquaculture ponds are regulated by organic matter and its availability to the microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Dai
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China.,College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China.,College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqin Yu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaofeng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Tao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Gu Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Monteux S, Weedon JT, Blume-Werry G, Gavazov K, Jassey VEJ, Johansson M, Keuper F, Olid C, Dorrepaal E. Long-term in situ permafrost thaw effects on bacterial communities and potential aerobic respiration. ISME JOURNAL 2018; 12:2129-2141. [PMID: 29875436 PMCID: PMC6092332 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-018-0176-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The decomposition of large stocks of soil organic carbon in thawing permafrost might depend on more than climate change-induced temperature increases: indirect effects of thawing via altered bacterial community structure (BCS) or rooting patterns are largely unexplored. We used a 10-year in situ permafrost thaw experiment and aerobic incubations to investigate alterations in BCS and potential respiration at different depths, and the extent to which they are related with each other and with root density. Active layer and permafrost BCS strongly differed, and the BCS in formerly frozen soils (below the natural thawfront) converged under induced deep thaw to strongly resemble the active layer BCS, possibly as a result of colonization by overlying microorganisms. Overall, respiration rates decreased with depth and soils showed lower potential respiration when subjected to deeper thaw, which we attributed to gradual labile carbon pool depletion. Despite deeper rooting under induced deep thaw, root density measurements did not improve soil chemistry-based models of potential respiration. However, BCS explained an additional unique portion of variation in respiration, particularly when accounting for differences in organic matter content. Our results suggest that by measuring bacterial community composition, we can improve both our understanding and the modeling of the permafrost carbon feedback.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Monteux
- Climate Impacts Research Centre (CIRC), Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå Universitet, 981 07, Abisko, Sweden.
| | - James T Weedon
- Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,PLECO, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Gesche Blume-Werry
- Climate Impacts Research Centre (CIRC), Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå Universitet, 981 07, Abisko, Sweden
| | - Konstantin Gavazov
- Climate Impacts Research Centre (CIRC), Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå Universitet, 981 07, Abisko, Sweden.,Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent E J Jassey
- Functional Ecology and Environment Laboratory (ECOLAB), Department of Biology and Geosciences, UMR 6245 Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31062, Toulouse cedex 09, France
| | - Margareta Johansson
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund Universitet, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Frida Keuper
- INRA, AgroImpact UR1158, Site Laon, 02000, Barenton Bugny, France
| | - Carolina Olid
- Climate Impacts Research Centre (CIRC), Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå Universitet, 981 07, Abisko, Sweden
| | - Ellen Dorrepaal
- Climate Impacts Research Centre (CIRC), Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå Universitet, 981 07, Abisko, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hira D, Aiko N, Yabuki Y, Fujii T. Impact of aerobic acclimation on the nitrification performance and microbial community of landfill leachate sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 209:188-194. [PMID: 29291488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogenous pollution of water is regarded as a global environmental problem, and nitrogen removal has become an important issue in wastewater treatment processes. Landfill leachate is a typical large source of nitrogenous wastewater. Although the characteristics of leachate vary according to the age of the landfill, leachates of mature landfill have high concentrations of nitrogenous compounds. Most nitrogen in these leachates is in the form of ammonium nitrogen. In this study, we investigated the bacterial community of sludge from a landfill leachate lagoon by pyrosequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. The sludge was acclimated in a laboratory-scale reactor with aeration using a mechanical stirrer to promote nitrification. On 149 days, nitrification was achieved and then the bacterial community was also analyzed. The bacterial community was also analyzed after nitrification was achieved. Pyrosequencing analyses revealed that the abundances of ammonia-oxidizing and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria were increased by acclimation and their total proportions increased to >15% of total biomass. Changes in the sulfate-reducing and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria were also observed during the acclimation process. The aerobic acclimation process enriched a nitrifying microbial community from the landfill leachate sludge. These results suggested that the aerobic acclimation is a processing method for the nitrification ammonium oxidizing throw the enrichment of nitrifiers. Improvement of this acclimation method would allow nitrogen removal from leachate by nitrification and sulfur denitrification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Hira
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Life Science, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan.
| | - Nobuyuki Aiko
- Key Laboratory of Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka Prefectural Government, 1-3-62 Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Yabuki
- Key Laboratory of Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka Prefectural Government, 1-3-62 Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Takao Fujii
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Life Science, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sui Q, Jiang C, Yu D, Chen M, Zhang J, Wang Y, Wei Y. Performance of a sequencing-batch membrane bioreactor (SMBR) with an automatic control strategy treating high-strength swine wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 342:210-219. [PMID: 28841468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to high-strength of organic matters, nutrients and pathogen, swine wastewater is a major source of pollution to rural environment and surface water. A sequencing-batch membrane bioreactor (SMBR) system with an automatic control strategy was developed for high-strength swine wastewater treatment. Short-cut nitrification and denitrification (SND) was achieved at nitrite accumulation rate of 83.6%, with removal rates of COD, NH4+-N and TN at 95%, 99% and 93%, respectively, at reduced HRT of 6.0 d and TN loading rate of 0.02kgN/(kgVSS d). With effective membrane separation, the reduction of total bacteria (TB) and putative pathogen were 2.77 logs and 1%, respectively. The shift of microbial community was well responded to controlling parameters. During the SND process, ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) (Nitrosomonas, Nitrosospira) and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) (Nitrospira) were enriched by 52 times and reduced by 2 times, respectively. The denitrifiers (Thauera) were well enriched and the diversity was enhanced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Sui
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Dawei Yu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Meixue Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Junya Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yuansong Wei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhu W, Wang C, Sun F, Zhao L, Dou W, Mao Z, Wu W. Overall bacterial community composition and abundance of nitrifiers and denitrifiers in a typical macrotidal estuary. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 126:540-548. [PMID: 28978406 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Coupled nitrogen cycling processes can alleviate the negative effects of eutrophication caused by excessive nitrogen load in estuarine ecosystems. The abundance and diversity of nitrifiers and denitrifiers across different environmental gradients were examined in the sediment of Hangzhou Bay. Quantitative PCR and Pearson's correlation analyses suggested that the bacterial ammonia-oxidizers (AOB) were the dominant phylotypes capable of ammonia oxidation, while the nirS-encoding denitrifiers predominated in the denitrification process. Simultaneously, nitrite and pH were found to be the two major factors influencing amoA and nir gene abundances, and the distribution of bacterial communities. Moreover, the ratio of nirS/AOB amoA gene abundance showed negative correlation with nitrite concentration. Fluorescence in situ hybridization further demonstrated that AOB and acetate-denitrifying cells were closely connected and formed obvious aggregates in the sediment. Together, all these results provided us a preliminary insight for coupled nitrification-denitrification processes in the sediment of Hangzhou Bay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Zhu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety Technology, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety Technology, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Faqian Sun
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety Technology, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liancheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 36 Baochu North Road, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Wenjie Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 36 Baochu North Road, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Zhihua Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 36 Baochu North Road, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Weixiang Wu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety Technology, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zheng M, Fu HZ, Ho YS. Research trends and hotspots related to ammonia oxidation based on bibliometric analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:20409-20421. [PMID: 28707243 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia oxidation is the rate-limiting and central step in global biogeochemistry cycle of nitrogen. A bibliometric analysis based on 4314 articles extracted from Science Citation Index Expanded database was carried out to provide insights into publication performances and research trends of ammonia oxidation in the period 1991-2014. These articles were originated from a wide range of 602 journals and 95 Web of Science Categories, among which Applied and Environmental Microbiology and Environmental Sciences took the leading position, respectively. Furthermore, co-citation analysis conducted with help of CiteSpace software clearly illustrated that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), and anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) were three dominant research themes. A total of 15 landmark works identified with the highest co-citation frequencies at every 8 years were extracted, which demonstrated that the establishments of culture-independent molecular biotechnologies as well as the discoveries of anammox and AOA played the most significant roles in promoting the evolution and development of ammonia oxidation research. Finally, word cluster analysis further suggested that microbial abundance and community of AOA and AOB was the most prominent hotspot, with soil and high-throughput sequencing as the most promising ecosystem and molecular biotechnology. In addition, application of anammox in nitrogen removal from wastewater has become another attractive research hotspot. This study provides a basis for better understanding the situations and prospective directions of the research field of ammonia oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maosheng Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Regional Energy Systems Optimization, Sino-Canada Resources and Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Zhen Fu
- Department of Information Resources Management, School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuh-Shan Ho
- Trend Research Centre, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Spatial Abundance, Diversity, and Activity of Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria in Coastal Sediments of the Liaohe Estuary. Curr Microbiol 2017; 74:632-640. [PMID: 28293807 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-017-1226-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) play an important role in nitrification in estuaries. The aim of this study was to examine the spatial abundance, diversity, and activity of AOB in coastal sediments of the Liaohe Estuary using quantitative PCR, high-throughput sequencing of the amoA gene coding the ammonia monooxygenase enzyme active subunit, and sediment slurry incubation experiments. AOB abundance ranged from 8.54 × 104 to 5.85 × 106 copies g-1 of wet sediment weight and exhibited an increasing trend from the Liaohe Estuary to the open coastal zone. Potential nitrification rates (PNRs) ranged from 0.1 to 336.8 nmol N g-1 day-1 along the estuary to the coastal zone. Log AOB abundance and PNRs were significantly positively correlated. AOB richness decreased from the estuary to the coastal zone. High-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that the majority of amoA gene sequences fell within the Nitrosomonas and Nitrosomonas-like clade, and only a few sequences were clustered within the Nitrosospira clade. This finding indicates that the Nitrosomonas-related lineage may be more adaptable to the specific conditions in this estuary than the Nitrosospira lineage. Sites with high nitrification rates were located in the southern open region and were dominated by the Nitrosomonas-like lineage, whereas the Nitrosospira lineage was found primarily in the northern estuary mouth sites with low nitrification rates. Thus, nitrification potentials in Liaohe estuarine sediments in the southern open region were greater than those in the northern estuary mouth, and the Nitrosomonas-related lineage might play a more important role than the Nitrosospira lineage in nitrification in this estuary.
Collapse
|
24
|
Thandar SM, Ushiki N, Fujitani H, Sekiguchi Y, Tsuneda S. Ecophysiology and Comparative Genomics of Nitrosomonas mobilis Ms1 Isolated from Autotrophic Nitrifying Granules of Wastewater Treatment Bioreactor. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1869. [PMID: 27920767 PMCID: PMC5118430 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), which oxidize ammonia to nitrite in the first step of nitrification, play an important role in biological wastewater treatment systems. Nitrosomonas mobilis is an important and dominant AOB in various wastewater treatment systems. However, the detailed physiological and genomic properties of N. mobilis have not been thoroughly investigated because of limited success isolating pure cultures. This study investigated the key physiological characteristics of N. mobilis Ms1, which was previously isolated into pure culture from the nitrifying granules of wastewater treatment bioreactor. The pure culture of N. mobilis Ms1 was cultivated in liquid mineral medium with 30 mg-N L-1 (2.14 mM) of ammonium at room temperature under dark conditions. The optimum growth of N. mobilis Ms1 occurred at 27°C and pH 8, with a maximum growth rate of 0.05–0.07 h-1, which corresponded to a generation time of 10–14 h. The half saturation constant for ammonium uptake rate and the maximum ammonium uptake rate of N. mobilis Ms1 were 30.70 ± 0.51 μM NH4+ and 0.01 ± 0.002 pmol NH4+ cells-1 h-1, respectively. N. mobilis Ms1 had higher ammonia oxidation activity than N. europaea in this study. The oxygen uptake activity kinetics of N. mobilis Ms1 were Km(O2) = 21.74 ± 4.01 μM O2 and V max(O2) = 0.06 ± 0.02 pmol O2 cells-1 h-1. Ms1 grew well at ammonium and NaCl concentrations of up to 100 and 500 mM, respectively. The nitrite tolerance of N. mobilis Ms1 was extremely high (up to 300 mM) compared to AOB previously isolated from activated sludge and wastewater treatment plants. The average nucleotide identity between the genomes of N. mobilis Ms1 and other Nitrosomonas species indicated that N. mobilis Ms1 was distantly related to other Nitrosomonas species. The organization of the genes encoding protein inventory involved in ammonia oxidation and nitrifier denitrification processes were different from other Nitrosomonas species. The current study provides a needed physiological and genomic characterization of N. mobilis-like bacteria and a better understanding of their ecophysiological properties, enabling comparison of these bacteria with other AOB in wastewater treatment systems and natural ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soe Myat Thandar
- Tsuneda Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda UniversityTokyo, Japan; Department of Biotechnology, Mandalay Technological University, Ministry of EducationMandalay, Myanmar
| | - Norisuke Ushiki
- Tsuneda Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Fujitani
- Tsuneda Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Sekiguchi
- Advanced Biomeasurements Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tsuneda
- Tsuneda Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Fan L, Barry K, Hu G, Meng S, Song C, Qiu L, Zheng Y, Wu W, Qu J, Chen J, Xu P. Characterizing bacterial communities in tilapia pond surface sediment and their responses to pond differences and temporal variations. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 33:1. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-016-2144-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
26
|
Leix C, Drewes JE, Koch K. The role of residual quantities of suspended sludge on nitrogen removal efficiency in a deammonifying moving bed biofilm reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 219:212-218. [PMID: 27494102 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) system, the vast majority of biomass is immobilized as biofilm besides small amounts of suspension. In this study, the influence of the individual biomass components of a deammonifying MBBR, the biofilm on carriers (BC), residual suspended biomass (SB) with a volatile suspended solids concentration of 0.09±0.03g/L, and its combination (BC+SB) on nitrogen removal efficiency was investigated. While the performance was highest for BC+SB (0.42kgN/(m(3)·d)), it was reduced by a factor of 3.5 for BC solely. SB itself was only capable of nitrite accumulation. This suggests a high abundance of AOBs within suspension besides the coexistence of AOBs and anammox bacteria in the biofilm, which could be supported by results using fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH). Thus, small amounts of suspended microorganisms can positively influence the deammonification's efficiency. If this fraction is partially washed out, the system recovers nevertheless within hours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Leix
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 3, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Jörg E Drewes
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 3, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Konrad Koch
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 3, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Crespo-Medina M, Bowles MW, Samarkin VA, Hunter KS, Joye SB. Microbial diversity and activity in seafloor brine lake sediments (Alaminos Canyon block 601, Gulf of Mexico). GEOBIOLOGY 2016; 14:483-498. [PMID: 27444236 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The microbial communities thriving in deep-sea brines are sustained largely by energy rich substrates supplied through active seepage. Geochemical, microbial activity, and microbial community composition data from different habitats at a Gulf of Mexico brine lake in Alaminos Canyon revealed habitat-linked variability in geochemistry that in turn drove patterns in microbial community composition and activity. The bottom of the brine lake was the most geochemically extreme (highest salinity and nutrient concentrations) habitat and its microbial community exhibited the highest diversity and richness indices. The habitat at the upper halocline of the lake hosted the highest rates of sulfate reduction and methane oxidation, and the largest inventories of dissolved inorganic carbon, particulate organic carbon, and hydrogen sulfide. Statistical analyses indicated a significant positive correlation between the bacterial and archaeal diversity in the bottom brine sample and NH4+ inventories. Other environmental factors with positive correlation with microbial diversity indices were DOC, H2 S, and DIC concentrations. The geochemical regime of different sites within this deep seafloor extreme environment exerts a clear selective force on microbial communities and on patterns of microbial activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Crespo-Medina
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - M W Bowles
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - V A Samarkin
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - K S Hunter
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - S B Joye
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang Z, Luo G, Li J, Chen SY, Li Y, Li WT, Li AM. Response of performance and ammonia oxidizing bacteria community to high salinity stress in membrane bioreactor with elevated ammonia loading. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 216:714-721. [PMID: 27290667 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Effect of elevated ammonia loading rate (ALR) and increasing salinity on the operation of membrane bioreactor (MBR) and the response of microbial community were investigated. Results showed that MBR started up with 1% NaCl stress achieved amazing nitrification performance at high salinity up to 4% when treating wastewater containing 1000mg/L NH(+)4-N. Further increasing salinity to 7% led to failure of MBR unrecoverably. Steep decline of sludge activity contributed to the extremely worse performance. High-throughput sequencing analysis showed that both ALR and salinity had selective effects on the microbial community structure. In genus level, Methyloversatilis and Maribacter were enriched during the operation. Survival of salt-resistant microbes contributed to the rising of richness and diversity at 2% and 4% NaCl stress. Analysis of amoA-gene-based cloning revealed Nitrosomonas marina are chiefly responsible for catalyzing ammonia oxidation in high ALR at high salinity stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Gan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shi-Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Wen-Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ai-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Rice MC, Norton JM, Valois F, Bollmann A, Bottomley PJ, Klotz MG, Laanbroek HJ, Suwa Y, Stein LY, Sayavedra-Soto L, Woyke T, Shapiro N, Goodwin LA, Huntemann M, Clum A, Pillay M, Kyrpides N, Varghese N, Mikhailova N, Markowitz V, Palaniappan K, Ivanova N, Stamatis D, Reddy TBK, Ngan CY, Daum C. Complete genome of Nitrosospira briensis C-128, an ammonia-oxidizing bacterium from agricultural soil. Stand Genomic Sci 2016; 11:46. [PMID: 27471578 PMCID: PMC4964001 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-016-0168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrosospira briensis C-128 is an ammonia-oxidizing bacterium isolated from an acid agricultural soil. N. briensis C-128 was sequenced with PacBio RS technologies at the DOE-Joint Genome Institute through their Community Science Program (2010). The high-quality finished genome contains one chromosome of 3.21 Mb and no plasmids. We identified 3073 gene models, 3018 of which are protein coding. The two-way average nucleotide identity between the chromosomes of Nitrosospira multiformis ATCC 25196 and Nitrosospira briensis C-128 was found to be 77.2 %. Multiple copies of modules encoding chemolithotrophic metabolism were identified in their genomic context. The gene inventory supports chemolithotrophic metabolism with implications for function in soil environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Martin G. Klotz
- Queens College in The City University of New York, Flushing, NY USA
- The Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hendrikus J. Laanbroek
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Tanja Woyke
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA USA
| | | | - Lynne A. Goodwin
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos, NM USA
| | | | - Alicia Clum
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA USA
| | - Manoj Pillay
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chris Daum
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang L, Lim CK, Dang H, Hanson TE, Klotz MG. D1FHS, the Type Strain of the Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacterium Nitrosococcus wardiae spec. nov.: Enrichment, Isolation, Phylogenetic, and Growth Physiological Characterization. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:512. [PMID: 27148201 PMCID: PMC4830845 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An ammonia-oxidizing bacterium, strain D1FHS, was enriched into pure culture from a sediment sample retrieved in Jiaozhou Bay, a hyper-eutrophic semi-closed water body hosting the metropolitan area of Qingdao, China. Based on initial 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain D1FHS was classified in the genus Nitrosococcus, family Chromatiaceae, order Chromatiales, class Gammaproteobacteria; the 16S rRNA gene sequence with highest level of identity to that of D1FHS was obtained from Nitrosococcus halophilus Nc4(T). The average nucleotide identity between the genomes of strain D1FHS and N. halophilus strain Nc4 is 89.5%. Known species in the genus Nitrosococcus are obligate aerobic chemolithotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria adapted to and restricted to marine environments. The optimum growth (maximum nitrite production) conditions for D1FHS in a minimal salts medium are: 50 mM ammonium and 700 mM NaCl at pH of 7.5 to 8.0 and at 37°C in dark. Because pertinent conditions for other studied Nitrosococcus spp. are 100-200 mM ammonium and <700 mM NaCl at pH of 7.5 to 8.0 and at 28-32°C, D1FHS is physiologically distinct from other Nitrosococcus spp. in terms of substrate, salt, and thermal tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Evolutionary and Genomic Microbiology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotte, NC, USA
| | - Chee Kent Lim
- Evolutionary and Genomic Microbiology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotte, NC, USA
| | - Hongyue Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen UniversityXiamen, China
- Joint Research Center for Carbon Sink: The Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University and the Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao, China
| | - Thomas E. Hanson
- School of Marine Science and Policy, College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment, University of DelawareNewark, DE, USA
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of DelawareNewark, DE, USA
| | - Martin G. Klotz
- Evolutionary and Genomic Microbiology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotte, NC, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen UniversityXiamen, China
- Joint Research Center for Carbon Sink: The Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University and the Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao, China
- Evolutionary and Genomic Microbiology, Department of Biology and School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Queens College, The City University of New YorkFlushing, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Gaspar H, Ferreira R, Gonzalez JM, da Clara MI, Santana MM. Influence of Temperature and Copper on Oxalobacteraceae in Soil Enrichments. Curr Microbiol 2015; 72:370-6. [PMID: 26676297 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-015-0960-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
β-Proteobacteria is one of the most abundant phylum in soils, including autotrophic and heterotrophic ammonium-consumers with relevance in N circulation in soils. The effects of high-temperature events and phytosanitary treatments, such as copper amendments, on soil bacterial communities relevant to N-cycling remain to be studied. As an example, South Portugal soils are seasonally exposed to high-temperature periods, the temperature at the upper soil layers can reach over 40 °C. Here, we evaluated the dynamics of mesophilic and thermophilic bacteria from a temperate soil, in particular of heterotrophic β-Proteobacteria, regarding the ammonium equilibrium, as a function of temperature and copper treatment. Soil samples were collected from an olive orchard in southern Portugal. Selective enrichments were performed from samples under different conditions of temperature (30 and 50 °C) and copper supplementation (100 and 500 µM) in order to mime seasonal variations and phytosanitary treatments. Changes in the microbial communities under these conditions were examined by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, a molecular fingerprint technique. At moderate temperature--30 °C--either without or with copper addition, dominant members were identified as different strains belonging to genus Massilia, a genus of the Oxalobacteraceae (β-Proteobacteria), while at 50 °C, members of the Brevibacillus genus, phylum Firmicutes were also represented. Ammonium production during bacterial growth at moderate and high temperatures was not affected by copper addition. Results indicate that both copper and temperature selected specific tolerant bacterial strains with consequences for N-cycling in copper-treated orchards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Gaspar
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, ICAAM- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal
| | - Rui Ferreira
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, ICAAM- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal
| | - Juan Miguel Gonzalez
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, IRNAS-CSIC, Av. Reina Mercedes, 10, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Maria Ivone da Clara
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, ICAAM- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal
| | - Margarida Maria Santana
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, ICAAM- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
|
33
|
Li H, Weng BS, Huang FY, Su JQ, Yang XR. pH regulates ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea in paddy soils in Southern China. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:6113-23. [PMID: 25744648 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6488-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) play important roles in nitrogen cycling. However, the effects of environmental factors on the activity, abundance, and diversity of AOA and AOB and the relative contributions of these two groups to nitrification in paddy soils are not well explained. In this study, potential nitrification activity (PNA), abundance, and diversity of amoA genes from 12 paddy soils in Southern China were determined by potential nitrification assay, quantitative PCR, and cloning. The results showed that PNA was highly variable between paddy soils, ranging from 4.05 ± 0.21 to 9.81 ± 1.09 mg NOx-N kg(-1) dry soil day(-1), and no significant correlation with soil parameters was found. The abundance of AOA was predominant over AOB, indicating that AOA may be the major members in aerobic ammonia oxidation in these paddy soils. Community compositions of AOA and AOB were highly variable among samples, but the variations were best explained by pH. AOA sequences were affiliated to the Nitrosopumilus cluster and Nitrososphaera cluster, and AOB were classified into the lineages of Nitrosospira and Nitrosomonas, with Nitrosospira being predominant over Nitrosomonas, accounting for 83.6 % of the AOB community. Moreover, the majority of Nitrosomonas was determined in neutral soils. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) analysis further demonstrated that AOA and AOB community structures were significantly affected by pH, soil total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and C/N ratio, suggesting that these factors exert strong effects on the distribution of AOB and AOA in paddy soils in Southern China. In conclusion, our results imply that soil pH was a key explanatory variable for both AOA and AOB community structure and nitrification activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Tago K, Okubo T, Shimomura Y, Kikuchi Y, Hori T, Nagayama A, Hayatsu M. Environmental factors shaping the community structure of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea in sugarcane field soil. Microbes Environ 2014; 30:21-8. [PMID: 25736866 PMCID: PMC4356460 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me14137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of environmental factors such as pH and nutrient content on the ecology of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) in soil has been extensively studied using experimental fields. However, how these environmental factors intricately influence the community structure of AOB and AOA in soil from farmers’ fields is unclear. In the present study, the abundance and diversity of AOB and AOA in soils collected from farmers’ sugarcane fields were investigated using quantitative PCR and barcoded pyrosequencing targeting the ammonia monooxygenase alpha subunit (amoA) gene. The abundances of AOB and AOA amoA genes were estimated to be in the range of 1.8 × 105–9.2 × 106 and 1.7 × 106–5.3 × 107 gene copies g dry soil−1, respectively. The abundance of both AOB and AOA positively correlated with the potential nitrification rate. The dominant sequence reads of AOB and AOA were placed in Nitrosospira-related and Nitrososphaera-related clusters in all soils, respectively, which varied at the level of their sub-clusters in each soil. The relationship between these ammonia-oxidizing community structures and soil pH was shown to be significant by the Mantel test. The relative abundances of the OTU1 of Nitrosospira cluster 3 and Nitrososphaera subcluster 7.1 negatively correlated with soil pH. These results indicated that soil pH was the most important factor shaping the AOB and AOA community structures, and that certain subclusters of AOB and AOA adapted to and dominated the acidic soil of agricultural sugarcane fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Tago
- Environmental Biofunction Division, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Liu J, Tian Y, Wang D, Lu Y, Zhang J, Zuo W. Quantitative analysis of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in a combined system of MBR and worm reactors treating synthetic wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 174:294-301. [PMID: 25463811 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.09.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The Static Sequencing Batch Worm Reactor (SSBWR) followed by the MBR (S-MBR) is one of the advanced excess sludge treatments. In this paper, the control MBR (C-MBR) and the SSBWR-MBR were operated in parallel to study the changes of NH3-N removal and ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB). The results showed that the capacity of NH3-N removal of the S-MBR was improved by the worm reactors along with the operation. The S-MBR was favorable because it selected for the higher activity of the ammonia oxidization and better cells appearance of the sludge. The five species (Nitrosomonas, Betaproteobacteria, Clostridium, Dechloromonas and Bacteria) were found to be significantly correlate with the ammonia oxidization functions and performance of NH3-N removal in the C-MBR and S-MBR. The Nitrosomonas, Betaproteobacteria and Dechloromonas remained and eventually enriched in the S-MBR played a primary role in the NH3-N removal of the S-MBR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin 150090, China; School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Dezhen Wang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yaobin Lu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wei Zuo
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Hou M, Xiong J, Wang K, Ye X, Ye R, Wang Q, Hu C, Zhang D. Communities of sediment ammonia-oxidizing bacteria along a coastal pollution gradient in the East China Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 86:147-153. [PMID: 25110045 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) discharges has caused eutrophication in coastal zones. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) convert ammonia to nitrite and play important roles in N transformation. Here, we used pyrosequencing based on the amoA gene to investigate the response of the sediment AOB community to an N pollution gradient in the East China Sea. The results showed that AOB assemblages were primarily affiliated with Nitrosospira-like lineages, and only 0.4% of those belonged to Nitrosomonas-like lineage. The Nitrosospira-like lineage was separated into four clusters that were most similar to the sediment AOB communities detected in adjacent marine regions. Additionally, one clade was out grouped from the AOB lineages, which shared the high similarities with pmoA gene. The AOB community structures substantially changed along the pollution gradient, which were primarily shaped by NH4(+)-N, NO3(-)-N, SO4(2)(-)-S, TP and Eh. These results demonstrated that coastal pollution could dramatically influence AOB communities, which, in turn, may change ecosystem function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manhua Hou
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jinbo Xiong
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; 2011 Center of Modern Marine Aquaculture of East China Sea, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; 2011 Center of Modern Marine Aquaculture of East China Sea, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xiansen Ye
- Marine Environmental Monitoring Center of Ningbo, SOA, Ningbo 315012, China
| | - Ran Ye
- Marine Environmental Monitoring Center of Ningbo, SOA, Ningbo 315012, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Marine Environmental Monitoring Center of Ningbo, SOA, Ningbo 315012, China
| | - Changju Hu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Demin Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; 2011 Center of Modern Marine Aquaculture of East China Sea, Ningbo 315211, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Medeiros JD, Araújo LX, Silva VLD, Diniz CG, Cesar DE, Del'Duca A, Coelho CM. Characterization of the microbial community in a lotic environment to assess the effect of pollution on nitrifying and potentially pathogenic bacteria. BRAZ J BIOL 2014; 74:612-22. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.26712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate microbes involved in the nitrogen cycle and potentially pathogenic bacteria from urban and rural sites of the São Pedro stream. Water samples were collected from two sites. A seasonal survey of bacterial abundance was conducted. The dissolved nutrient content was analysed. PCR and FISH analysis were performed to identify and quantify microbes involved in the nitrogen cycle and potentially pathogenic bacteria. The seasonal survey revealed that the bacterial abundance was similar along the year on the rural area but varied on the urban site. Higher concentration of dissolved nutrients in the urban area indicated a eutrophic system. Considering the nitrifying microbes, the genus Nitrobacter was found, especially in the urban area, and may act as the principal bacteria in converting nitrite into nitrate at this site. The molecular markers napA, amoA, and nfrA were more accumulated at the urban site, justifying the higher content of nutrients metabolised by these enzymes. Finally, high intensity of amplicons from Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Bacteroides/Prevotella/Porphyromonas, Salmonella, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and the diarrheagenic lineages of E. coli were observed at the urban site. These results indicate a change in the structure of the microbial community imposed by anthrophic actions. The incidence of pathogenic bacteria in aquatic environments is of particular importance to public health, emphasising the need for sewage treatment to minimise the environmental impacts associated with urbanisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JD Medeiros
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, Brazil
| | - LX Araújo
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, Brazil
| | - VL. da Silva
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, Brazil
| | - CG Diniz
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, Brazil
| | - DE Cesar
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, Brazil
| | - A Del'Duca
- Federal Institute of Southeastern of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - CM Coelho
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora – UFJF, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Monteiro M, Séneca J, Magalhães C. The history of aerobic ammonia oxidizers: from the first discoveries to today. J Microbiol 2014; 52:537-47. [PMID: 24972807 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-014-4114-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nitrification, the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite and nitrate, has long been considered a central biological process in the global nitrogen cycle, with its first description dated 133 years ago. Until 2005, bacteria were considered the only organisms capable of nitrification. However, the recent discovery of a chemoautotrophic ammonia-oxidizing archaeon, Nitrosopumilus maritimus, changed our concept of the range of organisms involved in nitrification, highlighting the importance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) as potential players in global biogeochemical nitrogen transformations. The uniqueness of these archaea justified the creation of a novel archaeal phylum, Thaumarchaeota. These recent discoveries increased the global scientific interest within the microbial ecology society and have triggered an analysis of the importance of bacterial vs archaeal ammonia oxidation in a wide range of natural ecosystems. In this mini review we provide a chronological perspective of the current knowledge on the ammonia oxidation pathway of nitrification, based on the main physiological, ecological and genomic discoveries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Monteiro
- EcoBioTec Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, P 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Correlation of seasonal nitrification failure and ammonia-oxidizing community dynamics in a wastewater treatment plant treating water from a saline thermal spa. ANN MICROBIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-014-0811-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
40
|
Itoh Y, Sakagami K, Uchino Y, Boonmak C, Oriyama T, Tojo F, Matsumoto M, Morikawa M. Isolation and characterization of a thermotolerant ammonia-oxidizing bacterium Nitrosomonas sp. JPCCT2 from a thermal power station. Microbes Environ 2013; 28:432-5. [PMID: 24256971 PMCID: PMC4070699 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me13058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A thermotolerant ammonia-oxidizing bacterium strain JPCCT2 was isolated from activated sludge in a thermal power station. Cells of JPCCT2 are short non-motile rods or ellipsoidal. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that JPCCT2 belongs to the genus Nitrosomonas with the highest similarity to Nitrosomonas nitrosa Nm90 (100%), Nitrosomonas sp. Nm148 (99.7%), and Nitrosomonas communis Nm2 (97.7%). However, G+C content of JPCCT2 DNA was 49.1 mol% and clearly different from N. nitrosa Nm90, 47.9%. JPCCT2 was capable of growing at temperatures up to 48°C, while N. nitrosa Nm90 and N. communis Nm2 could not grow at 42°C. Moreover, JPCCT2 grew similarly at concentrations of carbonate 0 and 5 gL−1. This is the first report that Nitrosomonas bacterium is capable of growing at temperatures higher than 37°C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikane Itoh
- Division of Biosphere Science, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wang YF, Li XY, Gu JD. Differential responses of ammonia/ammonium-oxidizing microorganisms in mangrove sediment to amendment of acetate and leaf litter. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:3165-80. [PMID: 24169949 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The effects of acetate and leaf litter powder on ammonia/ammonium-oxidizing microorganisms (AOMs) in mangrove sediment were investigated in a laboratory incubation study for a period of 60 days. The results showed that different AOMs responded differently to the addition of acetate and leaf litter. A higher diversity of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria was observed when acetate or leaf litter was added than the control. However, acetate and leaf litter generally inhibited the growth of anammox bacteria despite that leaf litter promoted their growth in the first 5 days. The inhibitory effects on anammox bacteria were more pronounced by acetate than by leaf litter. Neither acetate nor leaf litter affected ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) community structures, but promoted their growth. For ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), the addition of acetate or leaf litter resulted in changes of community structures and promoted their growth in the early phase of the incubation. In addition, the promoting effects by leaf litter on AOB growth were more obvious than acetate. These results indicated that organic substances affect AOM community structures and abundances. The study suggests that leaf litter has an important influence on the community structures and abundances of AOMs in mangrove sediment and affects the nitrogen cycle in such ecosystem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Feng Wang
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, No. 233, Guangshan 1st Road, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wilkins D, Yau S, Williams TJ, Allen MA, Brown MV, DeMaere MZ, Lauro FM, Cavicchioli R. Key microbial drivers in Antarctic aquatic environments. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2013; 37:303-35. [DOI: 10.1111/1574-6976.12007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Revised: 08/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
43
|
Li XR, Xiao YP, Ren WW, Liu ZF, Shi JH, Quan ZX. Abundance and composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea in different types of soil in the Yangtze River estuary. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2013; 13:769-82. [PMID: 23024044 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1200013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tidal flats are soil resources of great significance. Nitrification plays a central role in the nitrogen cycle and is often a critical first step in nitrogen removal from estuarine and coastal environments. We determined the abundance as well as composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) in different soils during land reclamation process. The abundance of AOA was higher than that of AOB in farm land and wild land while AOA was not detected in tidal flats using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The different abundances of AOB and AOA were negatively correlated with the salinity. The diversities of AOB and AOA were also investigated using clone libraries by amplification of amoA gene. Among AOB, nearly all sequences belonged to the Nitrosomonas lineage in the initial land reclamation process, i.e., tidal flats, while both Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira lineages were detected in later and transition phases of land reclamation process, farm land and wild land. The ratio of the numbers of sequences of Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira lineages was positively correlated with the salinity and the net nitrification rate. As for AOA, there was no obvious correlation with the changes in the physicochemical properties of the soil. This study suggests that AOB may be more import than AOA with respect to influencing the different land reclamation process stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-ran Li
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Yang Y, Wu L, Lin Q, Yuan M, Xu D, Yu H, Hu Y, Duan J, Li X, He Z, Xue K, van Nostrand J, Wang S, Zhou J. Responses of the functional structure of soil microbial community to livestock grazing in the Tibetan alpine grassland. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2013; 19:637-648. [PMID: 23504798 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Microbes play key roles in various biogeochemical processes, including carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling. However, changes of microbial community at the functional gene level by livestock grazing, which is a global land-use activity, remain unclear. Here we use a functional gene array, GeoChip 4.0, to examine the effects of free livestock grazing on the microbial community at an experimental site of Tibet, a region known to be very sensitive to anthropogenic perturbation and global warming. Our results showed that grazing changed microbial community functional structure, in addition to aboveground vegetation and soil geochemical properties. Further statistical tests showed that microbial community functional structures were closely correlated with environmental variables, and variations in microbial community functional structures were mainly controlled by aboveground vegetation, soil C/N ratio, and NH4 (+) -N. In-depth examination of N cycling genes showed that abundances of N mineralization and nitrification genes were increased at grazed sites, but denitrification and N-reduction genes were decreased, suggesting that functional potentials of relevant bioprocesses were changed. Meanwhile, abundances of genes involved in methane cycling, C fixation, and degradation were decreased, which might be caused by vegetation removal and hence decrease in litter accumulation at grazed sites. In contrast, abundances of virulence, stress, and antibiotics resistance genes were increased because of the presence of livestock. In conclusion, these results indicated that soil microbial community functional structure was very sensitive to the impact of livestock grazing and revealed microbial functional potentials in regulating soil N and C cycling, supporting the necessity to include microbial components in evaluating the consequence of land-use and/or climate changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Yang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kim BC, Kim S, Shin T, Kim H, Sang BI. Comparison of the bacterial communities in anaerobic, anoxic, and oxic chambers of a pilot A(2)O process using pyrosequencing analysis. Curr Microbiol 2013; 66:555-65. [PMID: 23358667 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-013-0311-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A(2)O process is a sequential wastewater treatment process that uses anaerobic, anoxic, and oxic chambers for nitrogen and phosphorus removal. In this study, the bacterial communities among these chambers were compared, and the diversity of the bacteria involved in nitrogen and phosphorus removal was surveyed. A pilot-scale A(2)O process (50 m(3) day(-1)) was operated for more than 6 months, and bacterial 16S rRNA gene diversity was analyzed using pyrosequencing. A total of 7,447 bacterial sequence reads were obtained from anaerobic (1,546), anoxic (2,158), and oxic (3,743) chambers. Even though there were differences in the atmospheric condition and functionality, no prominent differences could be found in the bacterial community of the three chambers of the pilot A(2)O process. All sequence reads, which were taxonomically analyzed using the Eztaxon-e database, were assigned into 638 approved or tentative genera. Among them, about 72.2 % of the taxa were contained in the phyla Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Phosphate-accumulating bacteria, Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis, and two other Accumulibacter were found to constitute 3.1 % of the identified genera. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, Nitrosomonas oligotropha, and four other phylotypes in the same family, Nitrosomonadaceae, constituted 0.2 and 0.9 %, respectively. Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, Nitrospira defluvii, and other three phylotypes in the same family, Nitrospiraceae, constituted 2.5 and 0.1 %, respectively. In addition, Dokdonella and a phylotype of the phylum Chloroflexi, function in nitrogen and/or phosphate removal of which have not been reported in the A(2)O process, constituted the first and third composition among genera at 4.3 and 3.8 %, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Chun Kim
- Energy Materials and Process, BK 21, Hanyang University, 17 Hangdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Analysis of Nitrification in Agricultural Soil and Improvement of Nitrogen Circulation with Autotrophic Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 169:795-809. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-0029-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
47
|
Monsalvo VM, Shanmugam P, Horan NJ. Application of microbial indices to assess the performance of a sequencing batch reactor and membrane bioreactor treating municipal wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2012; 33:2143-2148. [PMID: 23240209 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2012.660652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Microbial indexes of filamentous bacterial density were evaluated for their potential to act as indicators of sludge settling characteristics for sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and membrane bioreactor (MBR) treatment options. These options were operated using settled sewage over a range of aerated loading rates from 0.05 to 0.4/d and the evolution of protozoan and metazoan populations analysed. A filament density score ranging between 0 and 5, which has previously been applied to conventional activated sludge processes, was shown also to be a useful tool for the SBR and MBR, and was correlated to the settleability of the mixed liquor from both reactors. Due to the hydrodynamics of both systems and the subsequent differences in mixed liquors, optimum performance for each bioreactor was obtained under different operating conditions. Although there was no correlation between the numbers of any given protozoan species and plant operating conditions, there was a clear dependence between operating conditions and protozoan diversity. The highest diversity was found when operating conditions were optimum for both the SBR and MBR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V M Monsalvo
- Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, University Autonoma of Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Liu Z, Huang S, Sun G, Xu Z, Xu M. Phylogenetic diversity, composition and distribution of bacterioplankton community in the Dongjiang River, China. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2012; 80:30-44. [PMID: 22133045 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01268.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterioplankton community compositions in the Dongjiang River were characterized using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and 16S rRNA gene clone library construction. Water samples in nine different sites were taken along the mainstem and three tributaries. In total, 24 bands from DGGE gels and 406 clones from the libraries were selected and sequenced, subsequently analyzed for the bacterial diversity and composition of those microbial communities. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences from freshwater bacteria exhibited board phylogenetic diversity, including sequences representing the Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteriodetes, Verrucomicrobia, and candidate division TM7. Members of Betaproteobacteria group were the most dominant in all sampling sites, followed by Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. DGGE profiles and the ∫-LIBSHUFF analysis revealed similar patterns of bacterial diversity among most sampling sites, while spatial distribution variances existed in all sites along the river basin. Statistical analysis showed that bacterial species distribution strongly correlated with environmental variables, such as nitrate and ammonia, suggesting that nitrogen nutrients may shape the microbial community structure and composition in the Dongjiang River. This study had important implications for the comparison with other rivers elsewhere and contributed to the growing data set on the factors that structure bacterial communities in freshwater ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghui Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Diversity and abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria in polluted mangrove sediment. Syst Appl Microbiol 2011; 34:513-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2010.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
50
|
Cherobaeva AS, Kizilova AK, Stepanov AL, Kravchenko IK. Molecular analysis of the diversity of nitrifying bacteria in the soils of the forest and steppe zones of European Russia. Microbiology (Reading) 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261711030064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|