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Finkel S, Sweet S, Locke T, Smith S, Wang Z, Sandini C, Imredy J, He Y, Durante M, Lagrutta A, Feinberg A, Lee A. FRESH™ 3D bioprinted cardiac tissue, a bioengineered platform for in vitro pharmacology. APL Bioeng 2023; 7:046113. [PMID: 38046544 PMCID: PMC10693443 DOI: 10.1063/5.0163363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There is critical need for a predictive model of human cardiac physiology in drug development to assess compound effects on human tissues. In vitro two-dimensional monolayer cultures of cardiomyocytes provide biochemical and cellular readouts, and in vivo animal models provide information on systemic cardiovascular response. However, there remains a significant gap in these models due to their incomplete recapitulation of adult human cardiovascular physiology. Recent efforts in developing in vitro models from engineered heart tissues have demonstrated potential for bridging this gap using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) in three-dimensional tissue structure. Here, we advance this paradigm by implementing FRESH™ 3D bioprinting to build human cardiac tissues in a medium throughput, well-plate format with controlled tissue architecture, tailored cellular composition, and native-like physiological function, specifically in its drug response. We combined hiPSC-CMs, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts in a cellular bioink and FRESH™ 3D bioprinted this mixture in the format of a thin tissue strip stabilized on a tissue fixture. We show that cardiac tissues could be fabricated directly in a 24-well plate format were composed of dense and highly aligned hiPSC-CMs at >600 million cells/mL and, within 14 days, demonstrated reproducible calcium transients and a fast conduction velocity of ∼16 cm/s. Interrogation of these cardiac tissues with the β-adrenergic receptor agonist isoproterenol showed responses consistent with positive chronotropy and inotropy. Treatment with calcium channel blocker verapamil demonstrated responses expected of hiPSC-CM derived cardiac tissues. These results confirm that FRESH™ 3D bioprinted cardiac tissues represent an in vitro platform that provides data on human physiological response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tyler Locke
- FluidForm, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - Sydney Smith
- FluidForm, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - Zhefan Wang
- FluidForm, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | | | - John Imredy
- In Vitro Safety Pharmacology, Genetic and Cellular Toxicology, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA
| | - Yufang He
- Division of Technology, Infrastructure, Operations and Experience, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA
| | - Marc Durante
- Division of Technology, Infrastructure, Operations and Experience, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA
| | - Armando Lagrutta
- In Vitro Safety Pharmacology, Genetic and Cellular Toxicology, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA
| | | | - Andrew Lee
- FluidForm, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
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2
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Administration of stem cells against cardiovascular diseases with a focus on molecular mechanisms: Current knowledge and prospects. Tissue Cell 2023; 81:102030. [PMID: 36709696 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a serious global concern for public and human health. Despite the emergence of significant therapeutic advances, it is still the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. As a result, extensive efforts are underway to develop practical therapeutic approaches. Stem cell-based therapies could be considered a promising strategy for the treatment of CVDs. The efficacy of stem cell-based therapeutic approaches is demonstrated through recent laboratory and clinical studies due to their inherent regenerative properties, proliferative nature, and their capacity to differentiate into different cells such as cardiomyocytes. These properties could improve cardiovascular functioning leading to heart regeneration. The two most common types of stem cells with the potential to cure heart diseases are induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Several studies have demonstrated the use, efficacy, and safety of MSC and iPSCs-based therapies for the treatment of CVDs. In this study, we explain the application of stem cells, especially iPSCs and MSCs, in the treatment of CVDs with a focus on cellular and molecular mechanisms and then discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and perspectives of using this technology in the treatment of these diseases.
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3
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Gähwiler EKN, Motta SE, Martin M, Nugraha B, Hoerstrup SP, Emmert MY. Human iPSCs and Genome Editing Technologies for Precision Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:639699. [PMID: 34262897 PMCID: PMC8273765 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.639699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) originate from the reprogramming of adult somatic cells using four Yamanaka transcription factors. Since their discovery, the stem cell (SC) field achieved significant milestones and opened several gateways in the area of disease modeling, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine. In parallel, the emergence of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) revolutionized the field of genome engineering, allowing the generation of genetically modified cell lines and achieving a precise genome recombination or random insertions/deletions, usefully translated for wider applications. Cardiovascular diseases represent a constantly increasing societal concern, with limited understanding of the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. The ability of iPSCs to differentiate into multiple cell types combined with CRISPR-Cas9 technology could enable the systematic investigation of pathophysiological mechanisms or drug screening for potential therapeutics. Furthermore, these technologies can provide a cellular platform for cardiovascular tissue engineering (TE) approaches by modulating the expression or inhibition of targeted proteins, thereby creating the possibility to engineer new cell lines and/or fine-tune biomimetic scaffolds. This review will focus on the application of iPSCs, CRISPR-Cas9, and a combination thereof to the field of cardiovascular TE. In particular, the clinical translatability of such technologies will be discussed ranging from disease modeling to drug screening and TE applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric K. N. Gähwiler
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah E. Motta
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Wyss Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcy Martin
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Bramasta Nugraha
- Molecular Parasitology Lab, Institute of Parasitology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, R&D BioPharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Simon P. Hoerstrup
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Wyss Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maximilian Y. Emmert
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Wyss Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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4
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Hnatiuk AP, Briganti F, Staudt DW, Mercola M. Human iPSC modeling of heart disease for drug development. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:271-282. [PMID: 33740432 PMCID: PMC8054828 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have emerged as a promising platform for pharmacogenomics and drug development. In cardiology, they make it possible to produce unlimited numbers of patient-specific human cells that reproduce hallmark features of heart disease in the culture dish. Their potential applications include the discovery of mechanism-specific therapeutics, the evaluation of safety and efficacy in a human context before a drug candidate reaches patients, and the stratification of patients for clinical trials. Although this new technology has the potential to revolutionize drug discovery, translational hurdles have hindered its widespread adoption for pharmaceutical development. Here we discuss recent progress in overcoming these hurdles that should facilitate the use of hiPSCs to develop new medicines and individualize therapies for heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna P Hnatiuk
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 240 Pasteur Drive, Biomedical Innovation Building, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Francesca Briganti
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 240 Pasteur Drive, Biomedical Innovation Building, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David W Staudt
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 240 Pasteur Drive, Biomedical Innovation Building, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mark Mercola
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 240 Pasteur Drive, Biomedical Innovation Building, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Golforoush P, Schneider MD. Intensive care for human hearts in pluripotent stem cell models. NPJ Regen Med 2020; 5:4. [PMID: 32194989 PMCID: PMC7060343 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-020-0090-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful drug discovery is ultimately contingent on the availability of workable, relevant, predictive model systems. Conversely, for cardiac muscle, the lack of human preclinical models to inform target validation and compound development has likely contributed to the perennial problem of clinical trial failures, despite encouraging non-human results. By contrast, human cardiomyocytes produced from pluripotent stem cell models have recently been applied to safety pharmacology, phenotypic screening, target validation and high-throughput assays, facilitating cardiac drug discovery. Here, we review the impact of human pluripotent stem cell models in cardiac drug discovery, discussing the range of applications, readouts, and disease models employed, along with the challenges and prospects to advance this fruitful mode of research further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Golforoush
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN UK
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6
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Nakao S, Ihara D, Hasegawa K, Kawamura T. Applications for Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Disease Modelling and Drug Development for Heart Diseases. Eur Cardiol 2020; 15:1-10. [PMID: 32180835 PMCID: PMC7066852 DOI: 10.15420/ecr.2019.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are derived from reprogrammed somatic cells by the introduction of defined transcription factors. They are characterised by a capacity for self-renewal and pluripotency. Human (h)iPSCs are expected to be used extensively for disease modelling, drug screening and regenerative medicine. Obtaining cardiac tissue from patients with mutations for genetic studies and functional analyses is a highly invasive procedure. In contrast, disease-specific hiPSCs are derived from the somatic cells of patients with specific genetic mutations responsible for disease phenotypes. These disease-specific hiPSCs are a better tool for studies of the pathophysiology and cellular responses to therapeutic agents. This article focuses on the current understanding, limitations and future direction of disease-specific hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes for further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Nakao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan.,Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan.,Division of Translational Research, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Dai Ihara
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan.,Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - Koji Hasegawa
- Division of Translational Research, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Teruhisa Kawamura
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan.,Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan.,Division of Translational Research, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto, Japan
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7
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Pott A, Rottbauer W, Just S. Streamlining drug discovery assays for cardiovascular disease using zebrafish. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 15:27-37. [PMID: 31570020 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1671351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: In the last decade, our armamentarium of cardiovascular drug therapy has expanded significantly. Using innovative functional genomics strategies such as genome editing by CRISPR/Cas9 as well as high-throughput assays to identify bioactive small chemical compounds has significantly facilitated elaboration of the underlying pathomechanism in various cardiovascular diseases. However, despite scientific progress approvals for cardiovascular drugs has stagnated significantly compared to other fields of drug discovery and therapy during the past years.Areas covered: In this review, the authors discuss the aspects and pitfalls during the early phase of cardiovascular drug discovery and describe the advantages of zebrafish as an in vivo organism to model human cardiovascular diseases (CVD) as well as an in vivo platform for high-throughput chemical compound screening. They also highlight the emerging, promising techniques of automated read-out systems during high-throughput screening (HTS) for the evaluation of important cardiac functional parameters in zebrafish with the potential to streamline CVD drug discovery.Expert opinion: The successful identification of novel drugs to treat CVD is a major challenge in modern biomedical and clinical research. In this context, the definition of the etiologic fundamentals of human cardiovascular diseases is the prerequisite for an efficient and straightforward drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Pott
- Internal Medicine II, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.,Molecular Cardiology, Internal Medicine II, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Steffen Just
- Molecular Cardiology, Internal Medicine II, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
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8
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Ma X, Dewan S, Liu J, Tang M, Miller KL, Yu C, Lawrence N, McCulloch AD, Chen S. 3D printed micro-scale force gauge arrays to improve human cardiac tissue maturation and enable high throughput drug testing. Acta Biomater 2019; 95:319-327. [PMID: 30576862 PMCID: PMC6584548 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell - derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) are regarded as a promising cell source for establishing in-vitro personalized cardiac tissue models and developing therapeutics. However, analyzing cardiac force and drug response using mature human iPSC-CMs in a high-throughput format still remains a great challenge. Here we describe a rapid light-based 3D printing system for fabricating micro-scale force gauge arrays suitable for 24-well and 96-well plates that enable scalable tissue formation and measurement of cardiac force generation in human iPSC-CMs. We demonstrate consistent tissue band formation around the force gauge pillars with aligned sarcomeres. Among the different maturation treatment protocols we explored, 3D aligned cultures on force gauge arrays with in-culture pacing produced the highest expression of mature cardiac marker genes. We further demonstrated the utility of these micro-tissues to develop significantly increased contractile forces in response to treatment with isoproterenol, levosimendan, and omecamtiv mecarbil. Overall, this new 3D printing system allows for high flexibility in force gauge design and can be optimized to achieve miniaturization and promote cardiac tissue maturation with great potential for high-throughput in-vitro drug screening applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The application of iPSC-derived cardiac tissues in translatable drug screening is currently limited by the challenges in forming mature cardiac tissue and analyzing cardiac forces in a high-throughput format. We demonstrate the use of a rapid light-based 3D printing system to build a micro-scale force gauge array that enables scalable cardiac tissue formation from iPSC-CMs and measurement of contractile force development. With the capability to provide great flexibility over force gauge design as well as optimization to achieve miniaturization, our 3D printing system serves as a promising tool to build cardiac tissues for high-throughput in-vitro drug screening applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyi Ma
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sukriti Dewan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Justin Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Min Tang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kathleen L Miller
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Claire Yu
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Natalie Lawrence
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Andrew D McCulloch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Chemical Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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9
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Building an Academic-Industry Partnership to Tackle Australia's Biggest Health Burden. Heart Lung Circ 2019; 28:1144-1147. [PMID: 31230791 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.05.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) poses a highly significant health and economic burden in Australia and worldwide, with the latest global burden of disease study identifying cardiovascular disease as an "expanding threat to global health" [1]. Australian cardiovascular researchers are recognised internationally for their broad expertise spanning from fundamental molecular and cellular biology, through innovative bioengineering approaches, patient-focussed clinical trials, and impactful community interventions for improved public health. However, funding challenges have resulted in a fragmented research sector struggling to survive, let alone work together as an effective national team with strategic leadership and collaboration. The Australian Cardiovascular Alliance have successfully advocated for a federally supported Mission for Cardiovascular Helath ($220 Million). A key element of success in their goal of enhancing the CV health of Austrlaians, is partnering with industry.
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10
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Fiedler LR, Chapman K, Xie M, Maifoshie E, Jenkins M, Golforoush PA, Bellahcene M, Noseda M, Faust D, Jarvis A, Newton G, Paiva MA, Harada M, Stuckey DJ, Song W, Habib J, Narasimhan P, Aqil R, Sanmugalingam D, Yan R, Pavanello L, Sano M, Wang SC, Sampson RD, Kanayaganam S, Taffet GE, Michael LH, Entman ML, Tan TH, Harding SE, Low CMR, Tralau-Stewart C, Perrior T, Schneider MD. MAP4K4 Inhibition Promotes Survival of Human Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes and Reduces Infarct Size In Vivo. Cell Stem Cell 2019; 24:579-591.e12. [PMID: 30853557 PMCID: PMC6458995 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Heart disease is a paramount cause of global death and disability. Although cardiomyocyte death plays a causal role and its suppression would be logical, no clinical counter-measures target the responsible intracellular pathways. Therapeutic progress has been hampered by lack of preclinical human validation. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase-4 (MAP4K4) is activated in failing human hearts and relevant rodent models. Using human induced-pluripotent-stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) and MAP4K4 gene silencing, we demonstrate that death induced by oxidative stress requires MAP4K4. Consequently, we devised a small-molecule inhibitor, DMX-5804, that rescues cell survival, mitochondrial function, and calcium cycling in hiPSC-CMs. As proof of principle that drug discovery in hiPSC-CMs may predict efficacy in vivo, DMX-5804 reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice by more than 50%. We implicate MAP4K4 as a well-posed target toward suppressing human cardiac cell death and highlight the utility of hiPSC-CMs in drug discovery to enhance cardiomyocyte survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna R Fiedler
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Kathryn Chapman
- Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Min Xie
- Michael E. DeBakey Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Evie Maifoshie
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Micaela Jenkins
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Pelin Arabacilar Golforoush
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mohamed Bellahcene
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Michela Noseda
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Dörte Faust
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ashley Jarvis
- Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Gary Newton
- Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Marta Abreu Paiva
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mutsuo Harada
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Daniel J Stuckey
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Weihua Song
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Josef Habib
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Priyanka Narasimhan
- Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Rehan Aqil
- Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Devika Sanmugalingam
- Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Robert Yan
- Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Lorenzo Pavanello
- Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Motoaki Sano
- Michael E. DeBakey Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sam C Wang
- Michael E. DeBakey Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert D Sampson
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Sunthar Kanayaganam
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - George E Taffet
- Michael E. DeBakey Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lloyd H Michael
- Michael E. DeBakey Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mark L Entman
- Michael E. DeBakey Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tse-Hua Tan
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sian E Harding
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Caroline M R Low
- Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Trevor Perrior
- Domainex, Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Michael D Schneider
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; Michael E. DeBakey Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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11
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Gold K, Gaharwar AK, Jain A. Emerging trends in multiscale modeling of vascular pathophysiology: Organ-on-a-chip and 3D printing. Biomaterials 2019; 196:2-17. [PMID: 30072038 PMCID: PMC6344330 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Most biomedical and pharmaceutical research of the human vascular system aims to unravel the complex mechanisms that drive disease progression from molecular to organ levels. The knowledge gained can then be used to innovate diagnostic and treatment strategies which can ultimately be determined precisely for patients. Despite major advancements, current modeling strategies are often limited at identifying, quantifying, and dissecting specific cellular and molecular targets that regulate human vascular diseases. Therefore, development of multiscale modeling approaches are needed that can advance our knowledge and facilitate the design of next-generation therapeutic approaches in vascular diseases. This article critically reviews animal models, static in vitro systems, and dynamic in vitro culture systems currently used to model vascular diseases. A leading emphasis on the potential of emerging approaches, specifically organ-on-a-chip and three-dimensional (3D) printing, to recapitulate the innate human vascular physiology and anatomy is described. The applications of these approaches and future outlook in designing and screening novel therapeutics are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karli Gold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Akhilesh K Gaharwar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Department of Material Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Center for Remote Health and Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
| | - Abhishek Jain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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