1
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Kuratov AS, Brantov AV, Kovalev VF, Bychenkov VY. Powerful laser-produced quasi-half-cycle THz pulses. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:035201. [PMID: 36266787 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.035201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Maxwell equations-based 3D-analytical solution for the terahertz (THz) half-cycle electromagnetic wave transition radiation pulse has been found. This solution describes generation and propagation of transition radiation into free space from laser-produced relativistic electron bunch which crosses a target-vacuum interface as a result of ultrashort laser pulse interaction with a thin high-conductivity target. The analytical solution found complements the theory of laser initiated transition radiation. It describes the THz wave half-cycle pulse at the arbitrary distance from a target surface including near-field zone rather than its standard far-field characterization. The analytical research has also been supplemented with the 3D simulations using the finite-difference time-domain method, which makes it possible for description of much wider spatial domain as compared to that from the particle-in-cell approach. The presented result sheds light fundamentally on the interference of the electron bunch field and the generated THz field of broadband transition radiation from laser-plasma interaction. The latter is studied for a long time in the experiments with solid density plasma and the theory developed may inspire to targeted measurements and investigations of unique super intense half-cycle THz radiation waves near the laser target.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Kuratov
- P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Leninskii Prospect 53, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Center for Fundamental and Applied Research, Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
| | - A V Brantov
- P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Leninskii Prospect 53, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Center for Fundamental and Applied Research, Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
| | - V F Kovalev
- P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Leninskii Prospect 53, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125047, Russia
| | - V Yu Bychenkov
- P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Leninskii Prospect 53, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Center for Fundamental and Applied Research, Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
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2
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Kochetkov IV, Bukharskii ND, Ehret M, Abe Y, Law KFF, Ospina-Bohorquez V, Santos JJ, Fujioka S, Schaumann G, Zielbauer B, Kuznetsov A, Korneev P. Neural network analysis of quasistationary magnetic fields in microcoils driven by short laser pulses. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13734. [PMID: 35962017 PMCID: PMC9374746 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17202-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical generation of kilo-tesla scale magnetic fields enables prospective technologies and fundamental studies with unprecedentedly high magnetic field energy density. A question is the optimal configuration of proposed setups, where plenty of physical phenomena accompany the generation and complicate both theoretical studies and experimental realizations. Short laser drivers seem more suitable in many applications, though the process is tangled by an intrinsic transient nature. In this work, an artificial neural network is engaged for unravelling main features of the magnetic field excited with a picosecond laser pulse. The trained neural network acquires an ability to read the magnetic field values from experimental data, extremely facilitating interpretation of the experimental results. The conclusion is that the short sub-picosecond laser pulse may generate a quasi-stationary magnetic field structure living on a hundred picosecond time scale, when the induced current forms a closed circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iu V Kochetkov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - N D Bukharskii
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - M Ehret
- Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), UMR 5107, Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, Talence, France.,Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Y Abe
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - K F F Law
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | | | - J J Santos
- Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), UMR 5107, Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, Talence, France
| | - S Fujioka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - G Schaumann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - A Kuznetsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ph Korneev
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russian Federation. .,Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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3
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High energy implementation of coil-target scheme for guided re-acceleration of laser-driven protons. Sci Rep 2021; 11:699. [PMID: 33436708 PMCID: PMC7804017 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77997-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing compact ion accelerators using intense lasers is a very active area of research, motivated by a strong applicative potential in science, industry and healthcare. However, proposed applications in medical therapy, as well as in nuclear and particle physics demand a strict control of ion energy, as well as of the angular and spectral distribution of ion beam, beyond the intrinsic limitations of the several acceleration mechanisms explored so far. Here we report on the production of highly collimated (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\sim$$\end{document}∼ 50 MeV, using a recently developed method based on helical coil targetry. In this concept, ions accelerated from a laser-irradiated foil are post-accelerated and conditioned in a helical structure positioned at the rear of the foil. The pencil beam of protons was produced by guided post-acceleration at a rate of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\sim$$\end{document}∼ 2 GeV/m, without sacrificing the excellent beam emittance of the laser-driven proton beams. 3D particle tracing simulations indicate the possibility of sustaining high acceleration gradients over extended helical coil lengths, thus maximising the gain from such miniature accelerating modules.
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4
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Brantov AV, Kuratov AS, Aliev YM, Bychenkov VY. Ultrafast target charging due to polarization triggered by laser-accelerated electrons. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:021202. [PMID: 32942499 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.021202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A significant step has been made towards understanding the physics of the transient surface current triggered by ejected electrons during the interaction of a short intense laser pulse with a high-conductivity target. Unlike the commonly discussed hypothesis of neutralization current generation as a result of the fast loss of hot electrons to the vacuum, the proposed mechanism is associated with excitation of the fast current by electric polarization due to transition radiation triggered by ejected electrons. We present a corresponding theoretical model and compare it with two simulation models using the finite-difference time-domain and particle-in-cell methods. Distinctive features of the proposed theory are clearly manifested in both of these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Brantov
- P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Leninskii Prospect 53, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Center for Fundamental and Applied Research, Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
| | - A S Kuratov
- P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Leninskii Prospect 53, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Center for Fundamental and Applied Research, Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
| | - Yu M Aliev
- P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Leninskii Prospect 53, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - V Yu Bychenkov
- P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Leninskii Prospect 53, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Center for Fundamental and Applied Research, Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
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5
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Focussing Protons from a Kilojoule Laser for Intense Beam Heating using Proximal Target Structures. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9415. [PMID: 32523004 PMCID: PMC7287069 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Proton beams driven by chirped pulse amplified lasers have multi-picosecond duration and can isochorically and volumetrically heat material samples, potentially providing an approach for creating samples of warm dense matter with conditions not present on Earth. Envisioned on a larger scale, they could heat fusion fuel to achieve ignition. We have shown in an experiment that a kilojoule-class, multi-picosecond short pulse laser is particularly effective for heating materials. The proton beam can be focussed via target design to achieve exceptionally high flux, important for the applications mentioned. The laser irradiated spherically curved diamond-like-carbon targets with intensity 4 × 1018 W/cm2, producing proton beams with 3 MeV slope temperature. A Cu witness foil was positioned behind the curved target, and the gap between was either empty or spanned with a structure. With a structured target, the total emission of Cu Kα fluorescence was increased 18 fold and the emission profile was consistent with a tightly focussed beam. Transverse proton radiography probed the target with ps order temporal and 10 μm spatial resolution, revealing the fast-acting focussing electric field. Complementary particle-in-cell simulations show how the structures funnel protons to the tight focus. The beam of protons and neutralizing electrons induce the bright Kα emission observed and heat the Cu to 100 eV.
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6
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Generation of intense quasi-electrostatic fields due to deposition of particles accelerated by petawatt-range laser-matter interactions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8551. [PMID: 31189924 PMCID: PMC6561980 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44937-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate here for the first time that charge emitted by laser-target interactions at petawatt peak-powers can be efficiently deposited on a capacitor-collector structure far away from the target and lead to the rapid (tens of nanoseconds) generation of large quasi-static electric fields over wide (tens-of-centimeters scale-length) regions, with intensities much higher than common ElectroMagnetic Pulses (EMPs) generated by the same experiment in the same position. A good agreement was obtained between measurements from a classical field-probe and calculations based on particle-flux measurements from a Thomson spectrometer. Proof-of-principle particle-in-cell simulations reproduced the measurements of field evolution in time, giving a useful insight into the charging process, generation and distribution of fields. The understanding of this charging phenomenon and of the related intense fields, which can reach the MV/m order and in specific configurations might also exceed it, is very important for present and future facilities studying laser-plasma-acceleration and inertial-confinement-fusion, but also for application to the conditioning of accelerated charged-particles, the generation of intense electric and magnetic fields and many other multidisciplinary high-power laser-driven processes.
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7
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ELIMAIA: A Laser-Driven Ion Accelerator for Multidisciplinary Applications. QUANTUM BEAM SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/qubs2020008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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8
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Yatsuhashi T, Nakashima N. Multiple ionization and Coulomb explosion of molecules, molecular complexes, clusters and solid surfaces. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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9
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Ultrafast evolution of electric fields from high-intensity laser-matter interactions. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3243. [PMID: 29459758 PMCID: PMC5818584 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21711-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of high-power ultra-short lasers with materials offers fascinating wealth of transient phenomena which are in the core of novel scientific research. Deciphering its evolution is a complicated task that strongly depends on the details of the early phase of the interaction, which acts as complex initial conditions. The entire process, moreover, is difficult to probe since it develops close to target on the sub-picosecond timescale and ends after some picoseconds. Here we present experimental results related to the fields and charges generated by the interaction of an ultra-short high-intensity laser with metallic targets. The temporal evolution of the interaction is probed with a novel femtosecond resolution diagnostics that enables the differentiation of the contribution by the high-energy forerunner electrons and the radiated electromagnetic pulses generated by the currents of the remaining charges on the target surface. Our results provide a snapshot of huge pulses, up to 0.6 teravolt per meter, emitted with multi-megaelectronvolt electron bunches with sub-picosecond duration and are able to explore the processes involved in laser-matter interactions at the femtosecond timescale.
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10
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Zhuo HB, Zhang SJ, Li XH, Zhou HY, Li XZ, Zou DB, Yu MY, Wu HC, Sheng ZM, Zhou CT. Terahertz generation from laser-driven ultrafast current propagation along a wire target. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:013201. [PMID: 28208417 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.013201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Generation of intense coherent THz radiation by obliquely incidenting an intense laser pulse on a wire target is studied using particle-in-cell simulation. The laser-accelerated fast electrons are confined and guided along the surface of the wire, which then acts like a current-carrying line antenna and under appropriate conditions can emit electromagnetic radiation in the THz regime. For a driving laser intensity ∼3×10^{18}W/cm^{2} and pulse duration ∼10 fs, a transient current above 10 KA is produced on the wire surface. The emission-cone angle of the resulting ∼0.15 mJ (∼58 GV/m peak electric field) THz radiation is ∼30^{∘}. The conversion efficiency of laser-to-THz energy is ∼0.75%. A simple analytical model that well reproduces the simulated result is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Zhuo
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China.,IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - S J Zhang
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - X H Li
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - H Y Zhou
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - X Z Li
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - D B Zou
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - M Y Yu
- Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation and Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - H C Wu
- IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China.,Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation and Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Z M Sheng
- IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China.,SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom.,Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MoE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - C T Zhou
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
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11
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Guided post-acceleration of laser-driven ions by a miniature modular structure. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10792. [PMID: 27089200 PMCID: PMC4837447 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
All-optical approaches to particle acceleration are currently attracting a significant research effort internationally. Although characterized by exceptional transverse and longitudinal emittance, laser-driven ion beams currently have limitations in terms of peak ion energy, bandwidth of the energy spectrum and beam divergence. Here we introduce the concept of a versatile, miniature linear accelerating module, which, by employing laser-excited electromagnetic pulses directed along a helical path surrounding the laser-accelerated ion beams, addresses these shortcomings simultaneously. In a proof-of-principle experiment on a university-scale system, we demonstrate post-acceleration of laser-driven protons from a flat foil at a rate of 0.5 GeV m−1, already beyond what can be sustained by conventional accelerator technologies, with dynamic beam collimation and energy selection. These results open up new opportunities for the development of extremely compact and cost-effective ion accelerators for both established and innovative applications. Intense laser-driven acceleration mechanisms are promising for the realization of compact particle accelerators. Here, the authors present a miniature linear accelerating module for laser-driven protons from a foil that addresses limitation in terms of peak energy, bandwidth and beam divergence.
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12
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Fedeli L, Sgattoni A, Cantono G, Garzella D, Réau F, Prencipe I, Passoni M, Raynaud M, Květoň M, Proska J, Macchi A, Ceccotti T. Electron Acceleration by Relativistic Surface Plasmons in Laser-Grating Interaction. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:015001. [PMID: 26799022 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.015001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The generation of energetic electron bunches by the interaction of a short, ultraintense (I>10(19) W/cm(2)) laser pulse with "grating" targets has been investigated in a regime of ultrahigh pulse-to-prepulse contrast (10(12)). For incidence angles close to the resonant condition for surface plasmon excitation, a strong electron emission was observed within a narrow cone along the target surface, with energy spectra peaking at 5-8 MeV and total charge of ∼100 pC. Both the energy and the number of emitted electrons were strongly enhanced with respect to simple flat targets. The experimental data are closely reproduced by three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, which provide evidence for the generation of relativistic surface plasmons and for their role in driving the acceleration process. Besides the possible applications of the scheme as a compact, ultrashort source of MeV electrons, these results are a step forward in the development of high-field plasmonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fedeli
- Enrico Fermi Department of Physics, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council (CNR/INO), u.o.s Adriano Gozzini, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Sgattoni
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council (CNR/INO), u.o.s Adriano Gozzini, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Cantono
- Enrico Fermi Department of Physics, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council (CNR/INO), u.o.s Adriano Gozzini, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- University of Paris Sud, Orsay 91405, France
| | - D Garzella
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - F Réau
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - I Prencipe
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20156, Italy
| | - M Passoni
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20156, Italy
| | - M Raynaud
- Laboratoire des Solides irradiés, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, CEA/DSM/IRAMIS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - M Květoň
- FNSPE, Czech Technical University, Prague 11519, Czech Republic
| | - J Proska
- FNSPE, Czech Technical University, Prague 11519, Czech Republic
| | - A Macchi
- Enrico Fermi Department of Physics, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council (CNR/INO), u.o.s Adriano Gozzini, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - T Ceccotti
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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13
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Poyé A, Dubois JL, Lubrano-Lavaderci F, D'Humières E, Bardon M, Hulin S, Bailly-Grandvaux M, Ribolzi J, Raffestin D, Santos JJ, Nicolaï P, Tikhonchuk V. Dynamic model of target charging by short laser pulse interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 92:043107. [PMID: 26565356 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.92.043107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A model providing an accurate estimate of the charge accumulation on the surface of a metallic target irradiated by a high-intensity laser pulse of fs-ps duration is proposed. The model is confirmed by detailed comparisons with specially designed experiments. Such a model is useful for understanding the electromagnetic pulse emission and the quasistatic magnetic field generation in laser-plasma interaction experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Poyé
- Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, Talence 33405, France
| | - J-L Dubois
- Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, Talence 33405, France
| | | | - E D'Humières
- Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, Talence 33405, France
| | - M Bardon
- CEA/DAM/CESTA, BP 12, Le Barp 33405, France
| | - S Hulin
- Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, Talence 33405, France
| | - M Bailly-Grandvaux
- Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, Talence 33405, France
| | - J Ribolzi
- CEA/DAM/CESTA, BP 12, Le Barp 33405, France
| | | | - J J Santos
- Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, Talence 33405, France
| | - Ph Nicolaï
- Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, Talence 33405, France
| | - V Tikhonchuk
- Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, Talence 33405, France
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14
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Inoue S, Tokita S, Hashida M, Sakabe S. Transient changes in electric fields induced by interaction of ultraintense laser pulses with insulator and metal foils: Sustainable fields spanning several millimeters. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 91:043101. [PMID: 25974596 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.043101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The temporal evolutions of electromagnetic fields generated by the interaction between ultraintense lasers (1.3×10(18) and 8.2×10(18)W/cm(2)) and solid targets at a distance of several millimeters from the laser-irradiated region have been investigated by electron deflectometry. For three types of foil targets (insulating foil, conductive foil, and insulating foil onto which a metal disk was deposited), transient changes in the fields were observed. We found that the direction, strength, and temporal evolution of the generated fields differ markedly for these three types of targets. The results provide an insight for studying the emission dynamics of laser-accelerated fast electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Inoue
- Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- and Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shigeki Tokita
- Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- and Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Masaki Hashida
- Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- and Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shuji Sakabe
- Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- and Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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15
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Tokita S, Sakabe S, Nagashima T, Hashida M, Inoue S. Strong sub-terahertz surface waves generated on a metal wire by high-intensity laser pulses. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8268. [PMID: 25652694 PMCID: PMC4317702 DOI: 10.1038/srep08268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Terahertz pulses trapped as surface waves on a wire waveguide can be flexibly transmitted and focused to sub-wavelength dimensions by using, for example, a tapered tip. This is particularly useful for applications that require high-field pulses. However, the generation of strong terahertz surface waves on a wire waveguide remains a challenge. Here, ultrafast field propagation along a metal wire driven by a femtosecond laser pulse with an intensity of 1018 W/cm2 is characterized by femtosecond electron deflectometry. From experimental and numerical results, we conclude that the field propagating at the speed of light is a half-cycle transverse-magnetic surface wave excited on the wire and a considerable portion of the kinetic energy of laser-produced fast electrons can be transferred to the sub-surface wave. The peak electric field strength of the surface wave and the pulse duration are estimated to be 200 MV/m and 7 ps, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Tokita
- 1] Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan [2] Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-7501, Japan
| | - Shuji Sakabe
- 1] Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan [2] Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-7501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagashima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masaki Hashida
- 1] Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan [2] Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-7501, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Inoue
- 1] Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan [2] Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-7501, Japan
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16
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Kiefer T, Schlegel T, Kaluza MC. Plasma expansion into vacuum assuming a steplike electron energy distribution. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2013; 87:043110. [PMID: 23679533 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.87.043110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The expansion of a semi-infinite plasma slab into vacuum is analyzed with a hydrodynamic model implying a steplike electron energy distribution function. Analytic expressions for the maximum ion energy and the related ion distribution function are derived and compared with one-dimensional numerical simulations. The choice of the specific non-Maxwellian initial electron energy distribution automatically ensures the conservation of the total energy of the system. The estimated ion energies may differ by an order of magnitude from the values obtained with an adiabatic expansion model supposing a Maxwellian electron distribution. Furthermore, good agreement with data from experiments using laser pulses of ultrashort durations τ(L)</~80fs is found, while this is not the case when a hot Maxwellian electron distribution is assumed.
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17
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Schumaker W, Nakanii N, McGuffey C, Zulick C, Chyvkov V, Dollar F, Habara H, Kalintchenko G, Maksimchuk A, Tanaka KA, Thomas AGR, Yanovsky V, Krushelnick K. Ultrafast electron radiography of magnetic fields in high-intensity laser-solid interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:015003. [PMID: 23383801 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.015003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Using electron bunches generated by laser wakefield acceleration as a probe, the temporal evolution of magnetic fields generated by a 4 × 10(19) W/cm(2) ultrashort (30 fs) laser pulse focused on solid density targets is studied experimentally. Magnetic field strengths of order B(0) ~ 10(4) T are observed expanding at close to the speed of light from the interaction point of a high-contrast laser pulse with a 10-μm-thick aluminum foil to a maximum diameter of ~1 mm. The field dynamics are shown to agree with particle-in-cell simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Schumaker
- Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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18
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Sarri G, Macchi A, Cecchetti CA, Kar S, Liseykina TV, Yang XH, Dieckmann ME, Fuchs J, Galimberti M, Gizzi LA, Jung R, Kourakis I, Osterholz J, Pegoraro F, Robinson APL, Romagnani L, Willi O, Borghesi M. Dynamics of self-generated, large amplitude magnetic fields following high-intensity laser matter interaction. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:205002. [PMID: 23215496 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.205002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of magnetic fields with an amplitude of several tens of megagauss, generated at both sides of a solid target irradiated with a high-intensity (~10(19) W/cm(2)) picosecond laser pulse, has been spatially and temporally resolved using a proton imaging technique. The amplitude of the magnetic fields is sufficiently large to have a constraining effect on the radial expansion of the plasma sheath at the target surfaces. These results, supported by numerical simulations and simple analytical modeling, may have implications for ion acceleration driven by the plasma sheath at the rear side of the target as well as for the laboratory study of self-collimated high-energy plasma jets.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sarri
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
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19
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Inoue S, Tokita S, Otani K, Hashida M, Hata M, Sakagami H, Taguchi T, Sakabe S. Autocorrelation measurement of fast electron pulses emitted through the interaction of femtosecond laser pulses with a solid target. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:185001. [PMID: 23215285 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.185001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report the first direct measurement of the emission duration of laser-accelerated fast electrons from the surface of a solid target irradiated by a high-intensity femtosecond laser pulse. The emission duration is determined by autocorrelation measurement using the Coulomb repulsive forces that act on two equivalent electron pulses. The emission duration depends on the laser pulse duration for laser pulses of 200-690 fs. Numerical modeling of three-dimensional charged particle dynamics indicates that the emission duration of fast electrons is almost equal to the duration of the laser pulse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Inoue
- Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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20
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Daido H, Nishiuchi M, Pirozhkov AS. Review of laser-driven ion sources and their applications. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2012; 75:056401. [PMID: 22790586 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/75/5/056401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
For many years, laser-driven ion acceleration, mainly proton acceleration, has been proposed and a number of proof-of-principle experiments have been carried out with lasers whose pulse duration was in the nanosecond range. In the 1990s, ion acceleration in a relativistic plasma was demonstrated with ultra-short pulse lasers based on the chirped pulse amplification technique which can provide not only picosecond or femtosecond laser pulse duration, but simultaneously ultra-high peak power of terawatt to petawatt levels. Starting from the year 2000, several groups demonstrated low transverse emittance, tens of MeV proton beams with a conversion efficiency of up to several percent. The laser-accelerated particle beams have a duration of the order of a few picoseconds at the source, an ultra-high peak current and a broad energy spectrum, which make them suitable for many, including several unique, applications. This paper reviews, firstly, the historical background including the early laser-matter interaction studies on energetic ion acceleration relevant to inertial confinement fusion. Secondly, we describe several implemented and proposed mechanisms of proton and/or ion acceleration driven by ultra-short high-intensity lasers. We pay special attention to relatively simple models of several acceleration regimes. The models connect the laser, plasma and proton/ion beam parameters, predicting important features, such as energy spectral shape, optimum conditions and scalings under these conditions for maximum ion energy, conversion efficiency, etc. The models also suggest possible ways to manipulate the proton/ion beams by tailoring the target and irradiation conditions. Thirdly, we review experimental results on proton/ion acceleration, starting with the description of driving lasers. We list experimental results and show general trends of parameter dependences and compare them with the theoretical predictions and simulations. The fourth topic includes a review of scientific, industrial and medical applications of laser-driven proton or ion sources, some of which have already been established, while the others are yet to be demonstrated. In most applications, the laser-driven ion sources are complementary to the conventional accelerators, exhibiting significantly different properties. Finally, we summarize the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Daido
- Applied Laser Technology Institute, Tsuruga Head Office, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Kizaki, Tsuruga-shi, Fukui-ken 914-8585, Japan.
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21
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Quinn K, Romagnani L, Ramakrishna B, Sarri G, Dieckmann ME, Wilson PA, Fuchs J, Lancia L, Pipahl A, Toncian T, Willi O, Clarke RJ, Notley M, Macchi A, Borghesi M. Weibel-induced filamentation during an ultrafast laser-driven plasma expansion. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:135001. [PMID: 22540706 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.135001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The development of current instabilities behind the front of a cylindrically expanding plasma has been investigated experimentally via proton probing techniques. A multitude of tubelike filamentary structures is observed to form behind the front of a plasma created by irradiating solid-density wire targets with a high-intensity (I ~ 10(19) W/cm(2)), picosecond-duration laser pulse. These filaments exhibit a remarkable degree of stability, persisting for several tens of picoseconds, and appear to be magnetized over a filament length corresponding to several filament radii. Particle-in-cell simulations indicate that their formation can be attributed to a Weibel instability driven by a thermal anisotropy of the electron population. We suggest that these results may have implications in astrophysical scenarios, particularly concerning the problem of the generation of strong, spatially extended and sustained magnetic fields in astrophysical jets.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Quinn
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
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22
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Tokita S, Otani K, Nishoji T, Inoue S, Hashida M, Sakabe S. Collimated fast electron emission from long wires irradiated by intense femtosecond laser pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:255001. [PMID: 21770647 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.255001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We have experimentally demonstrated that fast electrons emitted from a metallic wire irradiated by a 5 × 10(18) W/cm(2) laser pulse can be collimated along the wire, and that their intensity is significantly enhanced in the axial direction of the wire. As the wire length is increased up to 30 mm from the laser focal spot, the angular divergence of the emitted electrons with energies of hundreds of keV decreases to 65 mrad. Numerical simulations reveal that the electrons are trapped by the transient electric field surrounding the wire and guided along the axial direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Tokita
- Advanced Research Center for Beam Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
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23
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Ridgers CP, Sherlock M, Evans RG, Robinson APL, Kingham RJ. Superluminal sheath-field expansion and fast-electron-beam divergence measurements in laser-solid interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2011; 83:036404. [PMID: 21517601 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.83.036404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We show that including a sufficient description of the target's rear surface significantly affects the interpretation of a wide range of laser-solid experiments. A simple Debye sheath model will be shown to be adequate. From this the sheath field responsible for ion acceleration has been shown to expand at superluminal speeds, leading to very large ion-emission regions on the target's rear surface; a new explanation for the dynamics of the ion-accelerating sheath field accounts for this observation and demonstrates the inaccuracy of measuring the angular divergence of the injected electron beam, crucial to fast ignition, from the lateral extent of the ion emission. However, it is shown that on careful probing the sheath field can provide unique insight into details of the fast electron's distribution function. The relative merits of probing other physical quantities has been examined. The width of the background temperature spot overestimates the divergence by a factor of 2 unless electron recirculation is prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Ridgers
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, London SW72AZ, United Kingdom
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24
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Quinn K, Wilson PA, Ramakrishna B, Romagnani L, Sarri G, Cecchetti CA, Lancia L, Fuchs J, Pipahl A, Toncian T, Willi O, Clarke RJ, Neely D, Notley M, Gallegos P, Carroll DC, Quinn MN, Yuan XH, McKenna P, Borghesi M. Modified proton radiography arrangement for the detection of ultrafast field fronts. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2009; 80:113506. [PMID: 19947730 DOI: 10.1063/1.3262630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The experimental arrangement for the investigation of high-field laser-induced processes using a broadband proton probe beam has been modified to enable the detection of the ultrafast motion of field fronts. It is typical in such experiments for the target to be oriented perpendicularly with respect to the principal axis of the probe beam. It is demonstrated here, however, that the temporal imaging properties of the diagnostic arrangement are altered drastically by placing the axis (or plane) of the target at an oblique angle to the transverse plane of the probe beam. In particular, the detection of the motion of a laser-driven field front along a wire at a velocity of (0.95+/-0.05)c is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Quinn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
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