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Wang P, Kong X, Qi F, Zhou J, Ding H, Peng Q. Critical pulse in multi-shot femtosecond laser ablation on metallic surfaces. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:215301. [PMID: 38382120 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad2bcf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Thermal effect remains a thorny issue for femtosecond-laser surface engineering and nanostructuring on metallic targets with high pulse energies or high repetition rates, which needs to be paid adequate attentions. Herein, we have experimentally investigated the heat diffusion and accumulations during single-shot and multi-shot femtosecond laser ablation on metallic surfaces. We have for the first time observed a novel phenomenon that the thermal effect was intensified abruptly when the laser-pulse number goes over a threshold (approximately between 10 and 20 for aluminum alloy with laser fluence of 6 J cm-2), accompanied with a dramatic reduction of ablated depth and complicated plasma dynamics. Based on both optical and thermodynamic analysis, we introduced a defocusing-dominated plasma-assistant model for this abnormal thermal effect. This work explored the critical experimental parameters for femtosecond-laser surface modification and processing in micro-scale engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengjie Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071000, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Manufacturing & Intelligent Operation and Maintenance of Electric Power Machinery, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangguang Kong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071000, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Manufacturing & Intelligent Operation and Maintenance of Electric Power Machinery, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, People's Republic of China
| | - Fugong Qi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071000, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Manufacturing & Intelligent Operation and Maintenance of Electric Power Machinery, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyu Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071000, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Manufacturing & Intelligent Operation and Maintenance of Electric Power Machinery, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, People's Republic of China
| | - Haimin Ding
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071000, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Manufacturing & Intelligent Operation and Maintenance of Electric Power Machinery, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Aerospace Research Academy, Guangzhou 511458, People's Republic of China
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2
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Control of Surface Plasmon Resonance in Silver Nanocubes by CEP-Locked Laser Pulse. PHOTONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics9020053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of metal nanoparticles has attracted increasing attention in surface-enhanced Raman scattering, chemical and biological sensing applications. In this article, we calculate the optical extinction spectra of a silver nanocube driven by an ultrashort carrier envelope phase (CEP)-locked laser pulse. Five LSPR modes are clearly excited in the optical spectra. We analyze the physical origin of each mode from the charge distribution on different parts of the cubic particle and the dipole and quadrupole excitation features at the LSPR peaks. The charge distribution follows a simple rule that when the charge concentrates from the face to the corners of the cubic particle, the resonant wavelength red-shifts. Then we modulate the LSPR spectra by changing CEP. The results show that CEP has selective plasmon mode excitation functionality and can act as a novel modulation role on LSPR modes. Our work suggests a novel means to regulate LSPR modes and the corresponding optical properties of metal nanoparticles via various freedoms of controlled optical field, which can be useful for optimized applications in chemical and biological sensors, single molecule detection, and so on.
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3
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Zhou S, Chen K, Cole MT, Li Z, Chen J, Li C, Dai Q. Ultrafast Field-Emission Electron Sources Based on Nanomaterials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1805845. [PMID: 30724407 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The search for electron sources with simultaneous optimal spatial and temporal resolution has become an area of intense activity for a wide variety of applications in the emerging fields of lightwave electronics and attosecond science. Most recently, increasing efforts are focused on the investigation of ultrafast field-emission phenomena of nanomaterials, which not only are fascinating from a fundamental scientific point of view, but also are of interest for a range of potential applications. Here, the current state-of-the-art in ultrafast field-emission, particularly sub-optical-cycle field emission, based on various nanostructures (e.g., metallic nanotips, carbon nanotubes) is reviewed. A number of promising nanomaterials and possible future research directions are also established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghan Zhou
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese, Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ke Chen
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese, Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Matthew Thomas Cole
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese, Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhenjun Li
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese, Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese, Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Chi Li
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese, Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qing Dai
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese, Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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4
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Li C, Chen K, Guan M, Wang X, Zhou X, Zhai F, Dai J, Li Z, Sun Z, Meng S, Liu K, Dai Q. Extreme nonlinear strong-field photoemission from carbon nanotubes. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4891. [PMID: 31653837 PMCID: PMC6814826 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12797-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Strong-field photoemission produces attosecond (10-18 s) electron pulses that are synchronized to the waveform of the incident light. This nonlinear photoemission lies at the heart of current attosecond technologies. Here we report a new nonlinear photoemission behaviour-the nonlinearity in strong-field regime sharply increases (approaching 40th power-law scaling), making use of sub-nanometric carbon nanotubes and 800 nm pulses. As a result, the carrier-envelope phase sensitive photoemission current shows a greatly improved modulation depth of up to 100% (with a total modulation current up to 2 nA). The calculations reveal that the behaviour is an interplay of valence band optical-field emission with charge interaction, and the nonlinear dynamics can be tunable by changing the bandgap of carbon nanotubes. The extreme nonlinear photoemission offers a new means of producing extreme temporal-spatial resolved electron pulses, and provides a new design philosophy for attosecond electronics and photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Li
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mengxue Guan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Physics, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- School of Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Feng Zhai
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Jiayu Dai
- Department of Physics, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Zhenjun Li
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhipei Sun
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Tietotie 3, FI-02150, Finland
- QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Kaihui Liu
- School of Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Qing Dai
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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5
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Schiwietz G, Kühn D, Föhlisch A, Holldack K, Kachel T, Pontius N. Laser-pump/X-ray-probe experiments with electrons ejected from a Cu(111) target: space-charge acceleration. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2016; 23:1158-1170. [PMID: 27577771 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577516009115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive investigation of the emission characteristics for electrons induced by X-rays of a few hundred eV at grazing-incidence angles on an atomically clean Cu(111) sample during laser excitation is presented. Electron energy spectra due to intense infrared laser irradiation are investigated at the BESSY II slicing facility. Furthermore, the influence of the corresponding high degree of target excitation (high peak current of photoemission) on the properties of Auger and photoelectrons liberated by a probe X-ray beam is investigated in time-resolved pump and probe measurements. Strong electron energy shifts have been found and assigned to space-charge acceleration. The variation of the shift with laser power and electron energy is investigated and discussed on the basis of experimental as well as new theoretical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Schiwietz
- Institut Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung (FG-ISRR), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - D Kühn
- Institut Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung (FG-ISRR), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - A Föhlisch
- Institut Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung (FG-ISRR), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - K Holldack
- Institut Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung (FG-ISRR), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - T Kachel
- Institut Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung (FG-ISRR), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - N Pontius
- Institut Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung (FG-ISRR), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
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6
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Fedorov N, Geoffroy G, Duchateau G, Štolcová L, Proška J, Novotný F, Domonkos M, Jouin H, Martin P, Raynaud M. Enhanced photoemission from laser-excited plasmonic nano-objects in periodic arrays. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2016; 28:315301. [PMID: 27299999 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/31/315301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The process of photoelectron emission from gold surfaces covered with nano-objects that are organized in the form of a periodic array is addressed in the short laser pulse regime ([Formula: see text] fs) at moderate intensities [Formula: see text] W cm(-2) and for various laser wavelengths. The emission spectrum from a gold single crystal measured under the same conditions is used for reference. The comparison of the photo-emission yield and the energy of the ejected electrons with their counterparts from the (more simple) reference system shows that the periodic conditions imposed on the target surface drastically enhance both quantities. In addition to the standard mechanism of Coulomb explosion, a second mechanism comes into play, driven by surface plasmon excitation. This can be clearly demonstrated by varying the laser wavelength. This interpretation of the experimental data is supported by predictions from model calculations that account both for the primary quantum electron emission and for the subsequent surface-plasmon-driven acceleration in the vacuum. Despite the fact that the incident laser intensity is as low as [Formula: see text] W cm(-2), such a structured target permits generating electrons with energies as high as 300 eV. Experiments with two incident laser beams of different wavelengths with an adjustable delay, have also been carried out. The results show that there exist various channels for the decay of the photo-emission signal, depending on the target type. These observations are shedding light on the various relaxation mechanisms that take place on different timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fedorov
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, UMR 5107, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
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7
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Wachter G, Lemell C, Burgdörfer J, Sato SA, Tong XM, Yabana K. Ab initio simulation of electrical currents induced by ultrafast laser excitation of dielectric materials. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:087401. [PMID: 25192124 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.087401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically investigate the generation of ultrafast currents in insulators induced by strong few-cycle laser pulses. Ab initio simulations based on time-dependent density functional theory give insight into the atomic-scale properties of the induced current signifying a femtosecond-scale insulator-metal transition. We observe the transition from nonlinear polarization currents during the laser pulse at low intensities to tunnelinglike excitation into the conduction band at higher laser intensities. At high intensities, the current persists after the conclusion of the laser pulse considered to be the precursor of the dielectric breakdown on the femtosecond scale. We show that the transferred charge sensitively depends on the orientation of the polarization axis relative to the crystal axis, suggesting that the induced charge separation reflects the anisotropic electronic structure. We find good agreement with very recent experimental data on the intensity and carrier-envelope phase dependence [A. Schiffrin et al., Nature (London) 493, 70 (2013).
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Wachter
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria, EU
| | - Christoph Lemell
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria, EU
| | - Joachim Burgdörfer
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria, EU
| | - Shunsuke A Sato
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Xiao-Min Tong
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan and Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yabana
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan and Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
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8
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Frank F, Arrell C, Witting T, Okell WA, McKenna J, Robinson JS, Haworth CA, Austin D, Teng H, Walmsley IA, Marangos JP, Tisch JWG. Invited review article: technology for attosecond science. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2012; 83:071101. [PMID: 22852664 DOI: 10.1063/1.4731658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We describe a complete technological system at Imperial College London for Attosecond Science studies. The system comprises a few-cycle, carrier envelope phase stabilized laser source which delivers sub 4 fs pulses to a vibration-isolated attosecond vacuum beamline. The beamline is used for the generation of isolated attosecond pulses in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) at kilohertz repetition rates through laser-driven high harmonic generation in gas targets. The beamline incorporates: interferometers for producing pulse sequences for pump-probe studies; the facility to spectrally and spatially filter the harmonic radiation; an in-line spatially resolving XUV spectrometer; and a photoelectron spectroscopy chamber in which attosecond streaking is used to characterize the attosecond pulses. We discuss the technology and techniques behind the development of our complete system and summarize its performance. This versatile apparatus has enabled a number of new experimental investigations which we briefly describe.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Frank
- Department of Physics, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
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9
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Krüger M, Schenk M, Hommelhoff P. Attosecond control of electrons emitted from a nanoscale metal tip. Nature 2011; 475:78-81. [DOI: 10.1038/nature10196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 477] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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10
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Fowe EP, Bandrauk AD. Nonlinear time-dependent density functional theory investigation and visualization of ionizations in CO2 — Effects of laser intensities and molecular orientations. CAN J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1139/v10-108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) studies of the ionization of CO2 by intense laser pulses Io ≥ 1 × 1014 W/cm2, at 800 nm are presented using the LB94 and the LDA potentials. Results reveal that for lower laser peak intensity, Io = 3.5 × 1014 W/cm2, the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) contributes significantly to ionization owing to its lower ionization potential (IP), whereas the inner orbitals play the important role for higher laser peak intensities. Even though such lower orbitals have higher IP, the ionization process occurs when orbital densities are maximum along the direction of the laser field polarization. These findings are confirmed through the analysis of the images from the time-dependent electron localization function (TDELF) and the spectra of higher order harmonic generation (HOHG). Additionally, in spite of the IP difference between Kohn–Sham orbitals from LDA and LB94 potentials, our results show almost the same trend for both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Penka Fowe
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - André Dieter Bandrauk
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
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11
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Bormann R, Gulde M, Weismann A, Yalunin SV, Ropers C. Tip-enhanced strong-field photoemission. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:147601. [PMID: 21230866 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.147601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 08/13/2010] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear photoelectron emission from metallic nanotips is explored in the strong-field regime. The passage between the multiphoton and the optical field emission regimes is clearly identified. The experimental observations are in agreement with a quantum mechanical strong-field model.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bormann
- Courant Research Center Nano-Spectroscopy and X-Ray Imaging, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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12
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Zhang C, Yang W, Song X, Xu Z. Dependence of dynamic Lorentz frequency shift on carrier-envelope phase and including local field effects. OPTICS EXPRESS 2009; 17:21754-21761. [PMID: 19997418 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.021754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the local field effects in a ZnO dense medium. Our results show due to the local-field effects, the Lorentz shifts can be found in the reflected spectra driven by the few-cycle laser pulse. Moreover, the dynamic Lorentz shifts depend sensitively on the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of the few-cycle laser pulse, which provides a useful means to obtain the CEP information by the frequency shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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13
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Surface Plasmon-Enhanced Photoemission and Electron Acceleration with Ultrashort Laser Pulses. ADVANCES IN IMAGING AND ELECTRON PHYSICS 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1076-5670(09)00006-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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14
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Lan P, Lu P, Li F, Li Y, Yang Z. Carrier-envelope phase measurement from half-cycle high harmonics. OPTICS EXPRESS 2008; 16:5868-5873. [PMID: 18542697 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.005868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We present an efficient method to observe the high harmonics generated in individual half-cycle of the driving laser pulse by mixing a weak ultraviolet pulse, and then the cutoff of each half-cycle harmonic is imaged. The simulation shows that the information of the driving laser pulse, including the laser intensity, pulse duration and carrier-envelope phase, can be in situ retrieved from the harmonic spectrogram. In addition, our results show that this method also distinguishes the half-cycle high harmonics for a pulse longer than 10 fs, suggesting a potential to extend the CEP measurement to the multi-cycle regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Lan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
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15
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Yang W, Song X, Gong S, Cheng Y, Xu Z. Carrier-envelope phase dependence of few-cycle ultrashort laser pulse propagation in a polar molecule medium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 99:133602. [PMID: 17930588 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.133602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically investigate carrier-envelope phase dependence of few-cycle ultrashort laser pulse propagation in a polar molecule medium. Our results show that a soliton pulse can be generated during the two-photon resonant propagation of few-cycle pulse in the polar molecule medium. Moreover, the main features of the soliton pulse, such as pulse duration and intensity, depend crucially on the carrier-envelope phase of the incident pulse, which could be utilized to determine the carrier-envelope phase of a few-cycle ultrashort laser pulse from a mode-locked oscillator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
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16
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Irvine SE, Dombi P, Farkas G, Elezzabi AY. Influence of the carrier-envelope phase of few-cycle pulses on ponderomotive surface-plasmon electron acceleration. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:146801. [PMID: 17155279 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.146801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Control over basic processes through the electric field of a light wave can lead to new knowledge of fundamental light-matter interaction phenomena. We demonstrate, for the first time, that surface-plasmon (SP) electron acceleration can be coherently controlled through the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of an excitation optical pulse. Analysis indicates that the physical origin of the CEP sensitivity arises from the electron's ponderomotive interaction with the oscillating electromagnetic field of the SP wave. The ponderomotive electron acceleration mechanism provides sensitive (nJ energies), high-contrast, single-shot CEP measurement capability of few-cycle laser pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Irvine
- Ultrafast Photonics and Nano-Optics Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2V4
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17
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Mücke OD, Tritschler T, Wegener M, Morgner U, Kärtner FX, Khitrova G, Gibbs HM. Carrier-wave Rabi flopping: role of the carrier-envelope phase. OPTICS LETTERS 2004; 29:2160-2162. [PMID: 15460889 DOI: 10.1364/ol.29.002160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a dependence of Rabi flopping on the carrier-envelope phase of the exciting laser pulses was predicted theoretically [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 127401 (2002)] for excitation of a thin semiconductor film with intense few-cycle pulses. Here, we report corresponding experiments on 50-100-nm thin GaAs films excited with 5-fs pulses. We find a dependence on the carrier-envelope phase arising from the interference of sidebands from the fundamental or the third-harmonic Mollow triplet, respectively, with surface second-harmonic generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver D Mücke
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Karlsruhe (TH), Wolfgang-Gaede-Strasse 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Uiberacker C, Jakubetz W. Molecular isomerization induced by ultrashort infrared pulses. I. Few-cycle to sub-one-cycle Gaussian pulses and the role of the carrier-envelope phase. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:11532-9. [PMID: 15268187 DOI: 10.1063/1.1753260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Using 550 previously calculated vibrational energy levels and dipole moments we performed simulations of the HCN-->HNC isomerization dynamics induced by sub-one-cycle and few-cycle IR pulses, which we represent as Gaussian pulses with 0.25-2 optical cycles in the pulse width. Starting from vibrationally pre-excited states, isomerization probabilities of up to 50% are obtained for optimized pulses. With decreasing number of optical cycles a strong dependence on the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) emerges. Although the optimized pulse parameters change significantly with the number of optical cycles, the distortion by the Gaussian envelope produces nearly equal fields, with a positive lobe followed by a negative one. The positions and areas of the lobes are also almost unchanged, irrespective of the number of cycles in the half-width. Isomerization proceeds via a pump-dumplike mechanism induced by the sequential lobes. The first lobe prepares a wave packet incorporating many delocalized states above the barrier. It is the motion of this wave packet across the barrier, which determines the timing of the pump and dump lobes. The role of the pulse parameters, and in particular of the CEP, is to produce the correct lobe sequence, size and timing within a continuous pulse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Uiberacker
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie und Molekulare Strukturbiologie, Universität Wien, Währinger Str. 17, A-1090 Wien, Austria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bressler
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, ISIC-FSB-BSP, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Apolonski A, Dombi P, Paulus GG, Kakehata M, Holzwarth R, Udem T, Lemell C, Torizuka K, Burgdörfer J, Hänsch TW, Krausz F. Observation of light-phase-sensitive photoemission from a metal. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:073902. [PMID: 14995852 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.073902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that multiphoton-induced photoelectron emission from a gold surface caused by low-energy (unamplified) 4-fs, 750-nm laser pulses is sensitive to the timing of electric field oscillations with respect to the pulse peak. This observation confirms recent theoretical predictions and opens the door to measuring the absolute value of the carrier-envelope phase difference of few-cycle light pulses with a solid-state detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Apolonski
- Institut für Photonik, Technische Universität Wien, Gusshausstrasse 27, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
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