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Williams AP, King JP, Sokolova A, Tabor RF. Small-angle scattering of complex fluids in flow. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 328:103161. [PMID: 38728771 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Complex fluids encompass a significant proportion of the materials that we use today from feedstocks such as cellulose fibre dispersions, materials undergoing processing or formulation, through to consumer end products such as shampoo. Such systems exhibit intricate behaviour due to their composition and microstructure, particularly when analysing their texture and response to flow (rheology). In particular, these fluids when flowing may undergo transitions in their nano- to microstructure, potentially aligning with flow fields, breaking and reassembling or reforming, or entirely changing phase. This manifests as macroscopic changes in material properties, such as core-annular flow of concentrated emulsions in pipelines or the favourable texture of liquid soaps. Small-angle scattering provides a unique method for probing underlying changes in fluid nano- to microstructure, from a few angströms to several microns, of complex fluids under flow. In particular, the alignment of rigid components or shape changes of soft components can be explored, along with local inter-particle ordering and global alignment with macroscopic flow fields. This review highlights recent important developments in the study of such complex fluid systems that couple flow or shear conditions with small-angle scattering measurements, and highlights the physical insight obtained by these experiments. Recent results from neutron scattering measurements made using a simple flow cell are presented, offering a facile method to explore alignment of complex fluids in an easily accessible geometry, and contextualised within existing and potential future research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley P Williams
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Joshua P King
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Anna Sokolova
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, ANSTO, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Rico F Tabor
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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2
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Williams AP, Sokolova AV, Faber JM, Butler CSG, Starck P, Ainger NJ, Tuck KL, Dagastine RR, Tabor RF. Influence of Surfactant Structure on Polydisperse Formulations of Alkyl Ether Sulfates and Alkyl Amidopropyl Betaines. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:211-220. [PMID: 38154121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Surfactants provide detergency, foaming, and texture in personal care formulations, yet the micellization of typical industrial primary and cosurfactants is not well understood, particularly in light of the polydisperse nature of commercial surfactants. Synergistic interactions are hypothesized to drive the formation of elongated wormlike self-assemblies in these mixed surfactant systems. Small-angle neutron scattering, rheology, and pendant drop tensiometry are used to examine surface adsorption, viscoelasticity, and self-assembly structure for wormlike micellar formulations comprising cocoamidopropyl betaine, and its two major components laurylamidopropyl betaine and oleylamidopropyl betaine, with sodium alkyl ethoxy sulfates. The tail length of sodium alkyl ethoxy sulfates was related to their ability to form wormlike micelles in electrolyte solutions, indicating that a tail length greater than 10 carbons is required to form wormlike micelles in NaCl solutions, with the decyl homologue unable to form elongated micelles and maintaining a low viscosity even at 20 wt % surfactant loading with 4 wt % NaCl present. For these systems, the incorporation of a disperse ethoxylate linker does not enable shorter chain surfactants to elongate into wormlike micelles for single-component systems; however, it could increase the interactions between surfactants in mixed surfactant systems. For synergy in surfactant mixing, the nonideal regular solution theory is used to study the sulfate/betaine mixtures. Tail mismatch appears to drive lower critical micelle concentrations, although tail matching improves synergy with larger relative reductions in critical micelle concentrations and greater micelle elongation, as seen by both tensiometric and scattering measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna V Sokolova
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, ANSTO, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Faber
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Calum S G Butler
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Pierre Starck
- Unilever R&D Port Sunlight, Bebington, Wirral CH63 3JW, U.K
| | - Nick J Ainger
- Unilever R&D Port Sunlight, Bebington, Wirral CH63 3JW, U.K
| | - Kellie L Tuck
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Raymond R Dagastine
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Rico F Tabor
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia
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3
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Yada S, Kuroda M, Ohno M, Koda T, Yoshimura T. Stability and Structural Analysis Using Small-Angle Neutron Scattering for Foam of Homogeneous Polyoxyethylene-Type Nonionic Surfactants with Multibranched Chains. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:15355-15361. [PMID: 37844330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Small-angle neutron scattering can provide insight into the microstructure of the surfactant-stabilized foam. In this study, small-angle neutron scattering in combination with other techniques was employed to determine the microstructure of the foams stabilized using novel homogeneous polyoxyethylene (EO) alkyl ether-type nonionic surfactants with multibranched double chains (bC7-bC9EO12). Similarly, homogeneous EO-type nonionic surfactants with linear double chains (C8-C8EO12) and a linear single chain (C18EO12) were used. bC7-bC9EO12 and C8-C8EO12 surfactants with branched hydrophobic chains or double chains increased the foam stability and suppressed the draining. Furthermore, they formed rod-like micelles, and C18EO12 formed spherical micelles in the bulk solution. The foam film containing the plateau border contained micelles identical with those found in the bulk solution. For bC7-bC9EO12 and C8-C8EO12, the average radius of the bubbles immediately after foaming was of the order of hundreds of μm. Finally, these radii grew to the order of thousands of μm. Thus, a significant correlation was observed between the micellar structure and the stability of these foams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Yada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Kitauoyanishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Mizuho Kuroda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Kitauoyanishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Masashi Ohno
- Nissan Chemical Corporation, 5-1, Nihonbashi 2-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-6119, Japan
| | - Toshinari Koda
- Nissan Chemical Corporation, 5-1, Nihonbashi 2-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-6119, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Yoshimura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Kitauoyanishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
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4
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Jin P, Wu J, Shi R, Dai L, Li Y. Parabolic Viscosity Behavior of NaCl-Thickened Surfactant Systems upon Temperature Change. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:37511-37520. [PMID: 37841189 PMCID: PMC10568579 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The viscosity of household care products plays an important role in pleasant delivery using consumer experience at home. A novel solution to mitigate the sharp rising of viscosities at low temperatures of detergents was proposed. By designing the formulation of the surfactant blend, formulators can achieve acceptable viscosity profiles in the temperature range encountered in daily life. The verification and modulation of formulas bearing parabolic viscosity-temperature behavior were systematically studied, including in single, binary, and ternary systems, based on the modulation of sodium ethoxylated alkyl sulfate (AES) by other anions, zwitterions, and nonions. The R ratio theory was used to have a better understanding of the molecular assembly of surfactants behind the parabolic behavior exhibited in rheology analyses. One of the key findings is that the parabolic viscosity-temperature phenomenon could be easily observed in the highly hydrated ethoxylated anionic systems like AES-based systems. For those anions lacking ethoxylation, especially sodium linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), the monotonic variation of hydration affinity with temperature led to the disappearance of parabola in the observed temperature window (>0 °C). Moreover, salinity played an important role in the hydration affinity of the polar group and the interaction between the hydrophilic headgroups. A balanced salinity should be optimized to modulate the hydration affinity in a desired range so that the parabola could be easily tuned within the target temperature region. These findings provide opportunities for the formulators in the household care industry to design products with better pourability through carefully selecting a combination of surfactants and fine-tuning their ratios to improve consumer use experience, especially in winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengwei Jin
- Shanghai
Hutchison WhiteCat Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200231, P. R. China
| | - Jun Wu
- Zhejiang
Wansheng Co., Ltd., Zhejiang 317000, P. R. China
| | - Rongying Shi
- Shanghai
Hutchison WhiteCat Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200231, P. R. China
| | - Li Dai
- Nanjing
Huashi New Material Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Key
Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of State Education Ministry, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
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5
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Tobin KV, Brogden NK. Thermosensitive biomaterial gels with chemical permeation enhancers for enhanced microneedle delivery of naltrexone for managing opioid and alcohol dependency. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:5846-5858. [PMID: 37455601 PMCID: PMC10443048 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00972f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Naltrexone (NTX) can be transdermally delivered using microneedles (MN) to treat opioid and alcohol misuse disorders, but delivery is blunted by rapid in vivo micropore closure. Poloxamer (P407), a thermosensitive biocompatible hydrogel, sustains NTX delivery through MN-treated skin by generating a drug depot within the micropores. Optimizing P407 formulations could maintain sustained delivery after micropore closure while reducing required patch sizes, which would be more discreet and preferred by most patients. Here we developed NTX-loaded P407 gels with chemical permeation enhancers (CPEs) and used these novel formulations alongside MN treatment to enhance NTX permeation, utilizing parallel micropore and intact skin transport pathways. We analyzed physicochemical and rheological properties of CPE-loaded P407 formulations and selected formulations with DMSO and benzyl alcohol for further study. In vitro permeation tests demonstrated more consistent and sustained NTX delivery through MN-treated porcine skin from 16% P407 formulations vs. aqueous solutions. P407 with 1% benzyl alcohol and 10% DMSO significantly, P < 0.05, increased flux through MN-treated skin vs. formulations with benzyl alcohol alone. This formulation would require a smaller size patch than previously used to deliver NTX in humans, with half the NTX concentration. This is the first time poloxamer biomaterials have been used in combination with CPEs to improve MN-assisted transdermal delivery of an opioid antagonist. Here we have demonstrated that P407 in combination with CPEs effectively sustains NTX delivery in MN-treated skin while requiring less NTX than previously needed to meet clinical goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin V Tobin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Nicole K Brogden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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6
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Lin YT, Liu S, Bhat B, Kuan KY, Zhou W, Cobos IJ, Kwon JSI, Akbulut MES. pH- and temperature-responsive supramolecular assemblies with highly adjustable viscoelasticity: a multi-stimuli binary system. SOFT MATTER 2023. [PMID: 37449660 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00549f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive materials are increasingly needed for the development of smart electronic, mechanical, and biological devices and systems relying on switchable, tunable, and adaptable properties. Herein, we report a novel pH- and temperature-responsive binary supramolecular assembly involving a long-chain hydroxyamino amide (HAA) and an inorganic hydrotrope, boric acid, with highly tunable viscous and viscoelastic properties. The system under investigation demonstrates a high degree of control over its viscosity, with the capacity to achieve over four orders of magnitude of control through the concomitant manipulation of pH and temperature. In addition, the transformation from non-Maxwellian to Maxwellian fluid behavior could also be induced by changing the pH and temperature. Switchable rheological properties were ascribed to the morphological transformation between spherical vesicles, aggregated/fused spherical vesicles, and bicontinuous gyroid structures revealed by cryo-TEM studies. The observed transitions are attributed to the modulation of the head group spacing between HAA molecules under different pH conditions. Specifically, acidic conditions induce electrostatic repulsion between the protonated amino head groups, leading to an increased spacing. Conversely, under basic conditions, the HAA head group spacing is reduced due to the intercalation of tetrahydroxyborate, facilitated by hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Lin
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Shuhao Liu
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Bhargavi Bhat
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Kai-Yuan Kuan
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Wentao Zhou
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Ignacio Jose Cobos
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Joseph Sang-Il Kwon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mustafa E S Akbulut
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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7
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Detert M, Santos TP, Shen AQ, Calabrese V. Alignment-Rheology Relationship of Biosourced Rod-Like Colloids and Polymers under Flow. Biomacromolecules 2023. [PMID: 37364888 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Fluids composed of biosourced rod-like colloids (RC) and rod-like polymers (RP) have been extensively studied due to various promising applications relying on their flow-induced orientation (e.g., fiber spinning). However, the relationship between RC and RP alignment and the resulting rheological properties is unclear due to experimental challenges. We investigate the alignment-rheology relationship for a variety of biosourced RC and RP, including cellulose-based particles, filamentous viruses, and xanthan gum, by simultaneous measurements of the shear viscosity and fluid anisotropy under rheometric shear flows. For each system, the RC and RP contribution to the fluid viscosity, captured by the specific viscosity ηsp, follows a universal trend with the extent of the RC and RP alignment independent of concentration. We further exploit this unique rheological-structural link to retrieve a dimensionless parameter (β) directly proportional to ηsp at zero shear rate (η0,sp), a parameter often difficult to access from experimental rheometry for RC and RP with relatively long contour lengths. Our results highlight the unique link between the flow-induced structural and rheological changes occurring in RC and RP fluids. We envision that our findings will be relevant in building and testing microstructural constitutive models to predict the flow-induced structural and rheological evolution of fluids containing RC and RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Detert
- Physics of Fluids, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | - Amy Q Shen
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Vincenzo Calabrese
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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8
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Calabrese V, Shen AQ, Haward SJ. Naturally derived colloidal rods in microfluidic flows. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2023; 17:021301. [PMID: 37035099 PMCID: PMC10076066 DOI: 10.1063/5.0142867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Naturally derived colloidal rods (CR) are promising building blocks for developing sustainable soft materials. Engineering new materials based on naturally derived CR requires an in-depth understanding of the structural dynamics and self-assembly of CR in dispersion under processing conditions. With the advancement of microfabrication techniques, many microfluidic platforms have been employed to study the structural dynamics of CR under flow. However, each microfluidic design has its pros and cons which need careful evaluation in order to fully meet the experimental goal and correctly interpret the data. We analyze recent results obtained from naturally derived CR and relevant rod-like macromolecules under microfluidic flows, with emphasis on the dynamical behavior in shear- and extensional-dominated flows. We highlight the key concepts required in order to assess and evaluate the results obtained from different CR and microfluidic platforms as a whole and to aid interconnections with neighboring fields. Finally, we identify and discuss areas of interest for future research directions.
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9
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Calabrese V, György C, Haward SJ, Neal TJ, Armes SP, Shen AQ. Microstructural Dynamics and Rheology of Worm-like Diblock Copolymer Nanoparticle Dispersions under a Simple Shear and a Planar Extensional Flow. Macromolecules 2022; 55:10031-10042. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Calabrese
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Csilla György
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Simon J. Haward
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Thomas J. Neal
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Amy Q. Shen
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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10
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Zheng K, Zhang Z, Cao B, Granick S. Biopolymer Filament Entanglement Softens Then Hardens with Shear. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:147801. [PMID: 36240408 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.147801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
It is unsatisfactory that regarding the problem of entangled macromolecules driven out of equilibrium, experimentally based understanding is usually inferred from the ensemble average of polydisperse samples. Here, confronting with single-molecule imaging this common but poorly understood situation, over a wide range of shear rate we use single-molecule fluorescence imaging to track alignment and stretching of entangled aqueous filamentous actin filaments in a homebuilt rheo-microscope. With increasing shear rate, tube "softening" is followed by "hardening." Physically, this means that dynamical localization first weakens from molecular alignment, then strengthens from filament stretching, even for semiflexible biopolymers shorter than their persistence length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Zheng
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Zitong Zhang
- School of Aerospace, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyang Cao
- School of Aerospace, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Steve Granick
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Korea
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
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11
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Tian B, Heringa JR, Bouwman WG. Scattering from oriented objects analysed by the anisotropic Guinier–Porod model. FOOD STRUCTURE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foostr.2021.100221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Larsson J, Williams AP, Wahlgren M, Porcar L, Ulvenlund S, Nylander T, Tabor RF, Sanchez-Fernandez A. Shear-induced nanostructural changes in micelles formed by sugar-based surfactants with varied anomeric configuration. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 606:328-336. [PMID: 34392029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The self-assembly of long tail sugar-based surfactants into worm-like micelles has recently been demonstrated, and the rheological properties of such systems have been shown to be tuneable through subtle modifications of the molecular characteristics of the surfactant monomer. In particular, the anomeric configuration of the hexadecylmaltoside headgroup was shown to induce profound changes in the nanostructure and rheology of the system. The origin of such changes is hypothesised to arise from differences in the structure and relaxation of the micellar networks in the semi-dilute regime. EXPERIMENTS Here we explore the molecular background to the flow properties of the two anomers of hexadecylmaltoside (α- and β-C16G2) by directly connecting their rheological behaviour to the micelle morphology. For this purpose, 1-3 plane rheo-small-angle neutron scattering measurements, using a Couette cell geometry, probed the structural changes in the micellar phase under shear. The effect of surfactant anomeric configuration, surfactant concentration, temperature and mixing ratio of the two anomers were investigated. The static micelle structure in the semi-dilute regime was determined using the polymer reference interaction site model. FINDINGS The segmental alignment of the micellar phase was studied under several flow conditions, showing that the shear-thinning behaviour relates to the re-arrangement of β-C16G2 worm-like micelles, whilst shorter α-C16G2 micelles are considerably less affected by the flow. The results are rationalised in terms of micelle alignment and disruption of the entangled network, providing a detailed mechanism by which sugar-based surfactants control the rheology of the fluid. To further enable future studies, we provide the complete code for modelling micelle structure in the semi-dilute regime using the polymer reference interaction site model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Larsson
- Physical Chemistry, Department Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | - Ashley P Williams
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Marie Wahlgren
- Food Technology, Nutrition and Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden; Enza Biotech AB, Scheelevägen 22, Lund 22363, Sweden
| | - Lionel Porcar
- Institut Laue-Langevin, DS / LSS, 71 avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Stefan Ulvenlund
- Food Technology, Nutrition and Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden; Enza Biotech AB, Scheelevägen 22, Lund 22363, Sweden
| | - Tommy Nylander
- Physical Chemistry, Department Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden; NanoLund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rico F Tabor
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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13
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Synthesis and applications of anisotropic nanoparticles with precisely defined dimensions. Nat Rev Chem 2020; 5:21-45. [PMID: 37118104 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-020-00232-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Shape and size play powerful roles in determining the properties of a material; controlling these aspects with precision is therefore an important, fundamental goal of the chemical sciences. In particular, the introduction of shape anisotropy at the nanoscale has emerged as a potent way to access new properties and functionality, enabling the exploration of complex nanomaterials across a range of applications. Recent advances in DNA and protein nanotechnology, inorganic crystallization techniques, and precision polymer self-assembly are now enabling unprecedented control over the synthesis of anisotropic nanoparticles with a variety of shapes, encompassing one-dimensional rods, dumbbells and wires, two-dimensional and three-dimensional platelets, rings, polyhedra, stars, and more. This has, in turn, enabled much progress to be made in our understanding of how anisotropy and particle dimensions can be tuned to produce materials with unique and optimized properties. In this Review, we bring these recent developments together to critically appraise the different methods for the bottom-up synthesis of anisotropic nanoparticles enabling exquisite control over morphology and dimensions. We highlight the unique properties of these materials in arenas as diverse as electron transport and biological processing, illustrating how they can be leveraged to produce devices and materials with otherwise inaccessible functionality. By making size and shape our focus, we aim to identify potential synergies between different disciplines and produce a road map for future research in this crucial area.
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14
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Jaramillo-Cano D, Camargo M, Likos CN, Gârlea IC. Dynamical Properties of Concentrated Suspensions of Block Copolymer Stars in Shear Flow. Macromolecules 2020; 53:10015-10027. [PMID: 33335338 PMCID: PMC7735753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymer stars (BCSs) have been demonstrated to constitute versatile, self-assembling building blocks with tunable softness, functionalization, and shape. We investigate the dynamical properties of suspensions of short-arm BCSs under linear shear flow by means of extensive particle-based multiscale simulations. We determine the properties of the system for representative values of monomer packing fraction ranging from semidilute to concentrate regimes. We systematically analyze the formed network structures as a function of both shear rate and packing fraction, the reorganization of solvophobic patches, and the corresponding radial correlation functions. Connecting our findings with rheology, we calculate the viscosity as a function of shear rate and discuss the implications of the found shear thinning behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Jaramillo-Cano
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Camargo
- CICBA & FIMEB, Universidad Antonio Nariño, 760030 Cali, Colombia
| | - Christos N. Likos
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ioana C. Gârlea
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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15
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Lim CJ, Lim CK, Ee GCL. Concentration-dependent physicochemical behaviors and micellar interactions in polyalkoxylated fatty alcohol-based binary surfactant systems. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2020.1777152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaw Jiang Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chan Kiang Lim
- Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Gwendoline Cheng Lian Ee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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16
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Piednoir A, Steinberger A, Cottin-Bizonne C, Barentin C. Apparent Non-Newtonian Behavior of Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:2685-2690. [PMID: 32134264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c01760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A significant viscosity variation with the shear rate has been observed for several ionic liquids in rheometry experiments above a critical shear rate. Depending on the liquid and the rheological conditions, both viscosity increase and decrease have been reported. So far, these variations have been interpreted as a signature of a non-Newtonian behavior. However, the measured critical shear rates are orders of magnitude below the ones predicted by numerical simulations. In this work, we perform new rheometry experiments with both ionic liquids and Newtonian liquids to elucidate this discrepancy. For these two types of liquids, both a viscosity decrease and increase have been measured depending on the geometry of the rheometer and the zero-shear viscosity of the liquid. We interpret the viscosity decrease as resulting from viscous heating, since the viscosity of the investigated liquids is also highly temperature-dependent, and the viscosity increase as resulting from the development of instabilities at high shear rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Piednoir
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Audrey Steinberger
- Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Cécile Cottin-Bizonne
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Catherine Barentin
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
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17
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Del Sorbo GR, Prévost S, Schneck E, Gradzielski M, Hoffmann I. On the Mechanism of Shear-Thinning in Viscous Oppositely Charged Polyelectrolyte Surfactant Complexes (PESCs). J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:909-913. [PMID: 31935087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b10467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Semidilute mixtures of the cationically modified cellulose-based polyelectrolyte JR 400 and the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) form highly viscous solutions if a slight excess of charges from the polyelectrolyte is present. The reason for this is the formation of mixed rodlike aggregates in which the surfactant cross-links several polyelectrolyte chains. The same solutions also show shear-thinning behavior. In this paper, we use rheoSANS to investigate the structural evolution of the rodlike aggregates under steady shear and thereby elucidate the mechanism of shear-thinning in these viscous oppositely charged polyelectrolyte surfactant complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Rosario Del Sorbo
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany.,Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin (ILL) , 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156 , F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Sylvain Prévost
- Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin (ILL) , 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156 , F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Emanuel Schneck
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany.,Soft Matter Biophysics, Department of Physics , TU Darmstadt , Hochschulstraße 8 , D-64289 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Michael Gradzielski
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie , Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin , Straße des 17. Juni 124, Sekr. TC 7 , D-10623 Berlin , Germany
| | - Ingo Hoffmann
- Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin (ILL) , 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156 , F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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18
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Lang C, Kohlbrecher J, Porcar L, Radulescu A, Sellinghoff K, Dhont JKG, Lettinga MP. Microstructural Understanding of the Length- and Stiffness-Dependent Shear Thinning in Semidilute Colloidal Rods. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joachim Kohlbrecher
- Laboratory of Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Jan Karel George Dhont
- Experimental Physics of Soft Matter, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Minne Paul Lettinga
- Laboratory of Soft Matter and Biophysics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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19
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Huang GR, Wang Y, Do C, Shinohara Y, Egami T, Porcar L, Liu Y, Chen WR. Orientational Distribution Function of Aligned Elongated Molecules and Particulates Determined from Their Scattering Signature. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:1257-1262. [PMID: 35651160 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present a strategy for quantitatively evaluating the field-induced alignment of nonspherical particles using small-angle scattering techniques. The orientational distribution function (ODF) is determined from the anisotropic scattering intensity via the scheme of real spherical harmonic expansion. Our developed approach is simple and analytical and does not require a presumptive hypothesis of the ODF as an input in data analysis. A model study of aligned rigid rods demonstrates the validity of this proposed approach to facilitate the quantitative structural characterization of materials with preferred orientational states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Rong Huang
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Changwoo Do
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Yuya Shinohara
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Takeshi Egami
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Lionel Porcar
- Institut Laue-Langevin, B.P. 156, F-38042 Cedex 9 Grenoble, France
| | - Yun Liu
- The NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6100, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Wei-Ren Chen
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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20
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Lee JC, Porcar L, Rogers SA. Recovery rheology via rheo‐SANS: Application to step strains under out‐of‐equilibrium conditions. AIChE J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johnny C.‐W. Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana Illinois
| | | | - Simon A. Rogers
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana Illinois
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21
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Unveiling Temporal Nonlinear Structure-Rheology Relationships under Dynamic Shearing. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11071189. [PMID: 31315259 PMCID: PMC6680679 DOI: 10.3390/polym11071189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how microscopic rearrangements manifest in macroscopic flow responses is one of the central goals of nonlinear rheological studies. Using the sequence-of-physical-processes framework, we present a natural 3D structure–rheology space that temporally correlates the structural and nonlinear viscoelastic parameters. Exploiting the rheo-small-angle neutron scattering (rheo-SANS) techniques, we demonstrate the use of the framework with a model system of polymer-like micelles (PLMs), where we unveil a sequence of microscopic events that micelles experience under dynamic shearing across a range of frequencies. The least-aligned state of the PLMs is observed to migrate from the total strain extreme toward zero strain with increasing frequency. Our proposed 3D space is generic, and can be equally applied to other soft materials under any sort of deformation, such as startup shear or uniaxial extension. This work therefore provides a natural approach for researchers to study complex out-of-equilibrium structure–rheology relationships of soft materials.
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22
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Lee JCW, Weigandt KM, Kelley EG, Rogers SA. Structure-Property Relationships via Recovery Rheology in Viscoelastic Materials. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:248003. [PMID: 31322410 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.248003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The recoverable strain is shown to correlate to the temporal evolution of microstructure via time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering and dynamic shear rheology. Investigating two distinct polymeric materials of wormlike micelles and fibrin network, we demonstrate that, in addition to the nonlinear structure-property relationships, the shear and normal stress evolution is dictated by the recoverable strain. A distinct sequence of physical processes under large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) is identified that clearly contains information regarding both the steady-state flow curve and the linear-regime frequency sweep, contrary to most interpretations that LAOS responses are either distinct from or somehow intermediate between the two cases. This work provides a physically motivated and straightforward path to further explore the structure-property relationships of viscoelastic materials under dynamic flow conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Ching-Wei Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Katie M Weigandt
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Kelley
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Simon A Rogers
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801, USA
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23
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Rheo-SANS study on relationship between micellar structures and rheological behavior of cationic gemini surfactants in solution. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 538:357-366. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.11.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Delaviz Y, Liu TW, Deonarain AR, Finer Y, Shokati B, Santerre JP. Physical properties and cytotoxicity of antimicrobial dental resin adhesives containing dimethacrylate oligomers of Ciprofloxacin and Metronidazole. Dent Mater 2018; 35:229-243. [PMID: 30502964 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Antimicrobial oligomers synthesized from ciprofloxacin (CF) and metronidazole (MN) were investigated for their potential use in dental adhesives. METHODS Susceptibility of the cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans UA159 to CF, MN, and CF/MN combination was evaluated. Hydrolytic stability and drug release from the oligomers was studied in buffer and simulated human salivary esterase conditions. Cytotoxicity of films with 15wt% drug oligomers co-polymerized with commercial monomers were assessed using human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). In-house adhesives were prepared and characterized for viscosity. Polymerized films were analysed for gel content and water swelling. Interfacial fracture toughness (KIC) of composites bonded to dentin by either a 2 or 3-step etch-and-rinse approach using the in-house formulated adhesives was measured. RESULTS The respective minimum inhibitory concentration for CF and MN against S. mutans was 0.7 and 2400μg/mL, with the combination having an additive effect (0.35μg/mL CF with 1200μg/mL MN). Antibiotics were released upon hydrolysis of the oligomers. Films containing the drug oligomers were not cytotoxic against HGFs. Replacing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate with the drug oligomers increased the viscosity of the experimental adhesives, reduced gel content, and decreased swelling of films in water. Antimicrobial adhesives demonstrated bonding to dentin with interfacial KIC values comparable to the in-house control in the 2-step application, and with slightly lower KIC values in the 3-step approach. SIGNIFICANCE The antimicrobial oligomers can be incorporated into dental adhesive systems using formulations that show comparable fracture toughness to commercial materials, and may provide a means to deliver local antimicrobial drug release at the marginal interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Delaviz
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timothy W Liu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Yoav Finer
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Babak Shokati
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Paul Santerre
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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25
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Tavera-Vázquez A, Arenas-Gómez B, Garza C, Liu Y, Castillo R. Structure, rheology, and microrheology of wormlike micelles made of PB-PEO diblock copolymers. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:7264-7276. [PMID: 30140801 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01530a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A diblock copolymer made of poly(1,4-butadiene)-block-polyethylene oxide, with a degree of polymerization of the polybutadiene and polyethylene oxide blocks of 37 and 57, respectively, self-assembles in water as worm-like micelles determined by small angle neutron scattering with an average diameter of ∼12.7 nm, a core radius of ∼2.7 nm, a shell radius of ∼3 nm, and an estimated persistence length of >225 nm. Worm-like micelles of almost the same diblock copolymer, but with a smaller polyethylene oxide block (degree of polymerization 45) were also measured. The worm-like micelles were also observed with negative staining using low energy electron microscopy. The boundary between dilute and semidilute regimes was estimated to be ∼0.8 wt%. The viscoelastic spectra at low and intermediate frequencies do not follow the Maxwell model. These micelles do not present the same rheological behavior of worm-like micelle solutions of conventional surfactants. The slow dynamics of the self-assembly explains this uncommon behavior for the system. Any micellar rearrangement is impeded due to the extremely high hydrophobicity of the polybutadiene block; stress mainly relaxes by the reptation mechanism. Using diffusive wave spectroscopy, we measured the mean square displacement of particles in the micellar solution. From the mean square displacement, we obtained G'(ω) and G''(ω) at high frequencies. |G*| exhibits a power law behavior showing the stress relaxation changes as frequency increases, first dominated by the Rouse-Zimm modes and then by the bending modes of the Kuhn segments. This allowed us to estimate the worm-like micelle persistence lengths that depend on the copolymer concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Tavera-Vázquez
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, P.O. Box 20-364, 01000, México City, Mexico.
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26
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Fan H, Zheng T, Chen H, Huang J, Wei Z, Kang W, Dai C, Zeng H. Viscoelastic Surfactants with High Salt Tolerance, Fast-Dissolving Property, and Ultralow Interfacial Tension for Chemical Flooding in Offshore Oilfields. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Fan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry, School of Petroleum Engineering; China University of Petroleum (East China); Qingdao Shandong Province 266580 China
| | - Tong Zheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry, School of Petroleum Engineering; China University of Petroleum (East China); Qingdao Shandong Province 266580 China
| | - Haolin Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry, School of Petroleum Engineering; China University of Petroleum (East China); Qingdao Shandong Province 266580 China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; University of Alberta, 116 Street and 85 Avenue; Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G6 Canada
| | - Zhiyi Wei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry, School of Petroleum Engineering; China University of Petroleum (East China); Qingdao Shandong Province 266580 China
| | - Wanli Kang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry, School of Petroleum Engineering; China University of Petroleum (East China); Qingdao Shandong Province 266580 China
| | - Caili Dai
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry, School of Petroleum Engineering; China University of Petroleum (East China); Qingdao Shandong Province 266580 China
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; University of Alberta, 116 Street and 85 Avenue; Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G6 Canada
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27
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Wu A, Gao X, Sun P, Lu F, Zheng L. Co-assembly of Polyoxometalates and Zwitterionic Amphiphiles into Supramolecular Hydrogels: From Crystalline Fibrillar to Amorphous Micellar Networks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4025-4029. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201800939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aoli Wu
- Key laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry; Shandong University, Ministry of Education; Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Xinpei Gao
- Key laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry; Shandong University, Ministry of Education; Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Panpan Sun
- Key laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry; Shandong University, Ministry of Education; Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Fei Lu
- Key laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry; Shandong University, Ministry of Education; Jinan 250100 P. R. China
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Waterloo; 200 University Ave. W Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Liqiang Zheng
- Key laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry; Shandong University, Ministry of Education; Jinan 250100 P. R. China
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28
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Wu A, Gao X, Sun P, Lu F, Zheng L. Co-assembly of Polyoxometalates and Zwitterionic Amphiphiles into Supramolecular Hydrogels: From Crystalline Fibrillar to Amorphous Micellar Networks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201800939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aoli Wu
- Key laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry; Shandong University, Ministry of Education; Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Xinpei Gao
- Key laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry; Shandong University, Ministry of Education; Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Panpan Sun
- Key laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry; Shandong University, Ministry of Education; Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Fei Lu
- Key laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry; Shandong University, Ministry of Education; Jinan 250100 P. R. China
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Waterloo; 200 University Ave. W Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Liqiang Zheng
- Key laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry; Shandong University, Ministry of Education; Jinan 250100 P. R. China
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29
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Haywood AD, Weigandt KM, Saha P, Noor M, Green MJ, Davis VA. New insights into the flow and microstructural relaxation behavior of biphasic cellulose nanocrystal dispersions from RheoSANS. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:8451-8462. [PMID: 29087424 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm00685c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have been studied as nanostructured building blocks for functional materials and function as a model nanomaterial mesogen for cholesteric (chiral nematic) liquid crystalline phases. In this study, both rheology and small angle neutron scattering (RheoSANS) were used to measure changes in flow-oriented order parameter and viscosity as a function of shear rate for isotropic, biphasic, liquid crystalline, and gel dispersions of CNC in deuterium oxide (D2O). In contrast to plots of viscosity versus shear rate, the order parameter trends showed three distinct rheological regions over a range of concentrations. This finding is significant because the existence of three rheological regions as a function of shear rate is a long-standing signature of liquid crystalline phases composed of rod-like polymers, but observing this trend has been elusive for high-concentration dispersions of anisotropic nanomaterials. The results of this work are valuable for guiding the development of processing methodologies for producing ordered materials from CNC dispersions and the broader class of chiral nanomaterial mesogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Haywood
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA.
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30
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Morishima K, Sugawara S, Yoshimura T, Shibayama M. Structure and Rheology of Wormlike Micelles Formed by Fluorocarbon-Hydrocarbon-Type Hybrid Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solution. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:6084-6091. [PMID: 28552000 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The structure and rheological properties of wormlike micelles formed by a fluorocarbon-hydrocarbon-type hybrid gemini surfactant in an aqueous solution were investigated by means of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and viscoelastic measurements. The cross-sectional structure (the radius of the hydrophobic core and the thickness of the hydrophilic shell) and the aggregation number per unit axial length of wormlike micelles were evaluated by a model fitting analysis of SAXS profiles. Both parameters for the hybrid gemini surfactant were smaller than those of a corresponding hydrocarbon-hydrocarbon-type gemini surfactant. On the other hand, the viscosity of the hybrid gemini surfactant was higher than that of the hydrocarbon-hydrocarbon-type gemini surfactant. From the viscoelastic parameters, the steady state compliance, Je, and the terminal relaxation time, τw, which were independently obtained by dynamic viscoelastic measurement, we revealed that a larger number of entanglements and a longer contour length of the hybrid gemini surfactant led to the higher viscosity. These results obtained by the rheological measurements were consistent with those obtained by SAXS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Morishima
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Seiya Sugawara
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Yoshimura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University , Kitauoyanishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Shibayama
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
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31
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Sato K, Kunita I, Takikawa Y, Takeuchi D, Tanaka Y, Nakagaki T, Orihara H. Direct observation of orientation distributions of actin filaments in a solution undergoing shear banding. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:2708-2716. [PMID: 28337500 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm02832b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Shear banding is frequently observed in complex fluids. However, the configuration of macromolecules in solutions undergoing shear banding has not yet been directly observed. In this study, by using the fact that F-actin solutions exhibit shear banding and actin filaments are visualized by fluorescent labels, we directly observed the intrinsic states of an actin solution undergoing shear banding. By combining the 3D imaging of labeled actin filaments and particle image velocimetry (PIV), we obtained orientation distributions of actin filaments in both high and low shear rate regions, whose quantitative differences are indicated. In addition, by using the orientation distributions and applying stress expression for rod-like polymers, we estimated stress tensors in both high and low shear rate regions. This evaluation indicates that different orientation distributions of filamentous macromolecules can exhibit a common shear stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sato
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - I Kunita
- Department of Information Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
| | - Y Takikawa
- Department of Physics, Ritsumeikan University, Noji-Higashi 1-1-1, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - D Takeuchi
- Division of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan.
| | - Y Tanaka
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Science, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai 79-7, Hodogaya, Yokohama 240-850, Japan
| | - T Nakagaki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - H Orihara
- Division of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan.
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32
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Sun P, Lu F, Wu A, Shi L, Zheng L. Spontaneous wormlike micelles formed in a single-tailed zwitterionic surface-active ionic liquid aqueous solution. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:2543-2548. [PMID: 28321452 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm00304h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Wormlike micelles were successfully fabricated by the self-assembly of a single-tailed zwitterionic surface-active ionic liquid (SAIL), 3-(1-hexadecyl-3-imidazolio) propanesulfonate β-naphthalene sulfonate (C16IPS-Nsa), in aqueous solutions without any additives. With increasing zwitterionic SAIL concentration, spontaneous transition from micelles to wormlike micelles and then a hexagonal phase occurs. Interestingly, the wormlike micelles are closed, stretched and directionally arranged, which was rarely found in previous research studies. This kind of wormlike micelle is useful to serve as novel soft template in the synthesis of functional materials. 1H NMR illustrated that the introduced π-π stacking and hydrophobic interactions originated from the hydrophobic aromatic counterions are responsible for the structural transformation. Density functional theory (DFT) simulated the optimum configuration of C16IPS-Nsa and calculated the interaction energy of C16IPS-Nsa-H2O is 39.6 kJ mol-1. This work paves the way for regulating the self-assembly structures of amphiphiles through changing specific weak interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Fei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Aoli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Lijuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
| | - Liqiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China.
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33
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Gaudino D, Pasquino R, Kriegs H, Szekely N, Pyckhout-Hintzen W, Lettinga MP, Grizzuti N. Effect of the salt-induced micellar microstructure on the nonlinear shear flow behavior of ionic cetylpyridinium chloride surfactant solutions. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:032603. [PMID: 28415244 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.032603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The shear flow dynamics of linear and branched wormlike micellar systems based on cetylpyridinium chloride and sodium salicylate in brine solution is investigated through rheometric and scattering techniques. In particular, the flow and the structural flow response are explored via velocimetry measurements and rheological and rheometric small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments, respectively. Although all micellar solutions display a similar shear thinning behavior in the nonlinear regime, the experimental results show that shear banding sets in only when the micelle contour length L[over ¯] is sufficiently long, independent of the nature of the micellar connections (either linear or branched micelles). Using rheometric SANS, we observe that the shear banding systems both show very similar orientational ordering as a function of Weissenberg number, while the short branched micelles manifest an unexpected increase of ordering at very low Weissenberg numbers. This suggests the presence of an additional flow-induced relaxation process that is peculiar for branched systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gaudino
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali d della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Vincenzo Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - R Pasquino
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali d della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Vincenzo Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - H Kriegs
- Institute for Complex Systems, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - N Szekely
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science Outstation at MLZ, Lichtenbergstrasse 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - W Pyckhout-Hintzen
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - M P Lettinga
- Institute for Complex Systems, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - N Grizzuti
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali d della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Vincenzo Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
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34
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Zhang L, Kang W, Xu D, Feng H, Zhang P, Li Z, Lu Y, Wu H. The rheological characteristics for the mixtures of cationic surfactant and anionic–nonionic surfactants: the role of ethylene oxide moieties. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28071d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethylene oxide moieties in various numbers regulate the rheological characteristics of anionic–nonionic/cationic surfactants solutions by affecting the molecular self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Zhang
- Institute of Enhanced Oil Recovery
- China University of Petroleum (Beijing)
- Beijing
- P.R. China
| | - Wanli Kang
- Institute of Enhanced Oil Recovery
- China University of Petroleum (Beijing)
- Beijing
- P.R. China
- School of Petroleum Engineering
| | - Derong Xu
- Institute of Enhanced Oil Recovery
- China University of Petroleum (Beijing)
- Beijing
- P.R. China
| | - Haishun Feng
- Institute of Enhanced Oil Recovery
- China University of Petroleum (Beijing)
- Beijing
- P.R. China
| | - Pengyi Zhang
- Institute of Enhanced Oil Recovery
- China University of Petroleum (Beijing)
- Beijing
- P.R. China
| | - Zhe Li
- Institute of Enhanced Oil Recovery
- China University of Petroleum (Beijing)
- Beijing
- P.R. China
| | - Yao Lu
- Institute of Enhanced Oil Recovery
- China University of Petroleum (Beijing)
- Beijing
- P.R. China
| | - Hairong Wu
- Institute of Enhanced Oil Recovery
- China University of Petroleum (Beijing)
- Beijing
- P.R. China
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35
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Lin W, Yang Z, Wang J, Chen T, Shi X. Wormlike micelles with pH-induced rheological property formed by cationic surfactant/anthranilic acid mixed aqueous solution. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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36
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Thiele J. Polymer Material Design by Microfluidics Inspired by Cell Biology and Cell-Free Biotechnology. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Thiele
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e. V; Leibniz Research Cluster (LRC); Hohe Straße 6 01069 Dresden Germany
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37
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Lang C, Kohlbrecher J, Porcar L, Lettinga MP. The Connection between Biaxial Orientation and Shear Thinning for Quasi-Ideal Rods. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E291. [PMID: 30974567 PMCID: PMC6432483 DOI: 10.3390/polym8080291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The complete orientational ordering tensor of quasi-ideal colloidal rods is obtained as a function of shear rate by performing rheo-SANS (rheology with small angle neutron scattering) measurements on isotropic fd-virus suspensions in the two relevant scattering planes, the flow-gradient (1-2) and the flow-vorticity (1-3) plane. Microscopic ordering can be identified as the origin of the observed shear thinning. A qualitative description of the rheological response by Smoluchowski, as well as Doi⁻Edwards⁻Kuzuu theory is possible, as we obtain a master curve for different concentrations, scaling the shear rate with the apparent collective rotational diffusion coefficient. However, the observation suggests that the interdependence of ordering and shear thinning at small shear rates is stronger than predicted. The extracted zero-shear viscosity matches the concentration dependence of the self-diffusion of rods in semi-dilute solutions, while the director tilts close towards the flow direction already at very low shear rates. In contrast, we observe a smaller dependence on the shear rate in the overall ordering at high shear rates, as well as an ever-increasing biaxiality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lang
- ICS-3, Institut für Weiche Materie, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Joachim Kohlbrecher
- Laboratory of Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
| | - Lionel Porcar
- Institut Laue-Langevin, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
| | - Minne Paul Lettinga
- ICS-3, Institut für Weiche Materie, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
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38
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Xu X, Chen J. Effect of functionality on unentangled star polymers at equilibrium and under shear flow. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:244905. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4955098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jilin, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jizhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jilin, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
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39
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Phase behaviour and vesicle formation in catanionic mixtures of Na oleate and alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and its salt-free version. Colloid Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-015-3737-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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40
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Lemarchand CA, Bailey NP, Todd BD, Daivis PJ, Hansen JS. Non-Newtonian behavior and molecular structure of Cooee bitumen under shear flow: A non-equilibrium molecular dynamics study. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:244501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4922831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Claire A. Lemarchand
- DNRF Centre “Glass and Time,” IMFUFA, Department of Sciences, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Nicholas P. Bailey
- DNRF Centre “Glass and Time,” IMFUFA, Department of Sciences, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Billy D. Todd
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, and Centre for Molecular Simulation, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Peter J. Daivis
- School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Jesper S. Hansen
- DNRF Centre “Glass and Time,” IMFUFA, Department of Sciences, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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41
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Xu X, Chen J, An L. Shear thinning behavior of linear polymer melts under shear flow via nonequilibrium molecular dynamics. J Chem Phys 2015; 140:174902. [PMID: 24811663 DOI: 10.1063/1.4873709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The properties of both untangled and entangled linear polymer melts under shear flow are studied by nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The results reveal that the dependence of shear viscosity η on shear rate γ, expressed by n ~ γ(-n), exhibits three distinct regimes. The first is the well-known Newtonian regime, namely, η independent of shear rate at small shear rates γ < τ0(-1) (where τ0 is the longest polymer relaxation time at equilibrium). In the non-Newtonian regime (γ > τ0(-1)) the shear dependence of viscosity exhibits a crossover at a critical shear rate γc dividing this regime into two different regimes, shear thinning regime I (ST-I) and II (ST-II), respectively. In the ST-I regime (τ0(-1) < γ < γc), the exponent n increases with increasing chain length N, while in the ST-II regime (γ > γc) a universal power law n ~ γ(-0.37) is found for considered chain lengths. Furthermore, the longer the polymer chain is, the smaller the shear viscosity for a given shear rate in the ST-II regime. The simulation also shows that a characteristic chain length, below which γc will be equal to τ0(-1), lies in the interval 30 < N < 50. For all considered chain lengths in the ST-II regime, we also find that the first and second normal stress differences N1 and N2 follow power laws of N1 ~ γ(2/3) and N2 ~ γ(0.82), respectively; the orientation resistance parameter mG follows the relation mG ~ γ(0.75) and the tumbling frequency ftb follows ftb ~ γ(0.75). These results imply that the effects of entanglement on the shear dependences of these properties may be negligible in the ST-II regime. These findings may shed some light on the nature of shear thinning in flexible linear polymer melts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jizhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijia An
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
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42
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Hayward DW, Gilroy JB, Rupar PA, Chabanne L, Pizzey C, Winnik MA, Whittell GR, Manners I, Richardson RM. Liquid Crystalline Phase Behavior of Well-Defined Cylindrical Block Copolymer Micelles Using Synchrotron Small-Angle X-ray Scattering. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ma502222f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic W. Hayward
- H.H.
Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, U.K
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
- Bristol
Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, U.K
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Paul A. Rupar
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Laurent Chabanne
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Claire Pizzey
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Mitchell A. Winnik
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - George R. Whittell
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Ian Manners
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
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43
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Yan Z, Dai C, Feng H, Liu Y, Wang S. Study of the formation and solution properties of worm-like micelles formed using both N-hexadecyl-N-methylpiperidinium bromide-based cationic surfactant and anionic surfactant. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110155. [PMID: 25296131 PMCID: PMC4190405 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The viscoelastic properties of worm-like micelles formed by mixing the cationic surfactant N-hexadecyl-N-methylpiperidinium bromide (C16MDB) with the anionic surfactant sodium laurate (SL) in aqueous solutions were investigated using rheological measurements. The effects of sodium laurate and temperature on the worm-like micelles and the mechanism of the observed shear thinning phenomenon and pseudoplastic behavior were systematically investigated. Additionally, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy images further ascertained existence of entangled worm-like micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihu Yan
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Caili Dai
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Haishun Feng
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Yifei Liu
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Shilu Wang
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Qingdao, P. R. China
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44
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Fan H, Li B, Yan Y, Huang J, Kang W. Phase behavior and microstructures in a mixture of anionic Gemini and cationic surfactants. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:4506-4512. [PMID: 24817411 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm00098f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report in this work the phase behavior and microstructures in a mixture of an anionic Gemini surfactant, sodium dilauramino cystine (SDLC), and a conventional cationic surfactant, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DTAC). Observation of the appearance shows that the phase behavior of the SDLC-DTAC mixed cationic surfactant system transforms from an isotropic homogeneous phase to an aqueous surfactant two-phase system (ASTP) and then to an anisotropic homogeneous phase with the continuous addition of DTAC. The corresponding aggregate microstructures are investigated by rheology, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and polarization microscopy. It has been found that a wormlike micelle, in the isotropic homogeneous phase, occurs linear to the branch growth. The aggregate microstructures in the ASTP lower and upper phases are branched wormlike micelles and vesicles, respectively. The micelle transformed into a vesicle upon varying the phase volume percentage until a lamellar liquid crystal formed in the anisotropic homogeneous phase. The macroscopic phase behavior and microscopic aggregate structure are related to the understanding of the possible mechanisms for the above phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Fan
- College of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, Shandong Province, PR China.
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45
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Arenas-Gómez B, Vinceković M, Garza C, Castillo R. Worm-like micelles in water solutions of 1, 4 poly (1, 3-butadiene)-polyethylene oxide diblock copolymer. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2014; 37:10. [PMID: 24965154 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2014-14051-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to determine for the first time the structure of the self-assembled aggregates in the system made of 1,4 poly(1,3-butadiene)-polyethylene oxide diblock copolymer (IUPAC name: poly(but-2-ene-1,4-diyl)-block-polyoxyethylene) and water, and the rheological behavior of the solution. The degree of polymerization of the polybutadiene and polyethylene oxide blocks is 37 and 45, respectively. The diblock copolymer concentration was limited to be ≤2.5 wt% to avoid phase separation. Small X-ray scattering revealed that the diblock copolymer self-assembles in worm-like micelles with a diameter of ∼ 12 nm. This system does not closely follow the rheological behavior of worm-like micelle solutions made of typical surfactants. The system steadily shear thins reaching very low viscosity values at large shear rates, however there are not shear-thickening peaks. In thixotropic loops, the micellar solution does not present hysteresis. The viscoelastic spectra do not follow the Maxwell model at low and intermediate frequencies. This uncommon behavior for a worm-like micellar system is explained by the slow dynamics of the self-assembly. The extremely high hydrophobicity of the polybutadiene block does not allow any micellar rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brisa Arenas-Gómez
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, P. O. Box 20-264, 01000, México, D. F., México
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46
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Anisotropic particles align perpendicular to the flow direction in narrow microchannels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:6706-11. [PMID: 23569240 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1219340110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The flow orientation of anisotropic particles through narrow channels is of importance in many fields, ranging from the spinning and molding of fibers to the flow of cells and proteins through thin capillaries. It is commonly assumed that anisotropic particles align parallel to the flow direction. When flowing through narrowed channel sections, one expects the increased flow rate to improve the parallel alignment. Here, we show by microfocus synchrotron X-ray scattering and polarized optical microscopy that anisotropic colloidal particles align perpendicular to the flow direction after passing a narrow channel section. We find this to be a general behavior of anisotropic colloids, which is also observed for disk-like particles. This perpendicular particle alignment is stable, extending downstream throughout the remaining part of the channel. We show by microparticle image velocimetry that the particle reorientation in the expansion zone after a narrow channel section occurs in a region with considerable extensional flow. This extensional flow is promoted by shear thinning, a typical property of complex fluids. Our discovery has important consequences when considering the flow orientation of polymers, micelles, fibers, proteins, or cells through narrow channels, pipes, or capillary sections. An immediate consequence for the production of fibers is the necessity for realignment by extension in the flow direction. For fibrous proteins, reorientation and stable plug flow are likely mechanisms for protein coagulation.
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47
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Gupta S, Kundu SK, Stellbrink J, Willner L, Allgaier J, Richter D. Advanced rheological characterization of soft colloidal model systems. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2012; 24:464102. [PMID: 23114080 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/24/46/464102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The complex flow behavior of polymer-based soft colloidal model systems was investigated using steady and oscillatory shear to prove new concepts for advanced rheological characterization. In the very dilute regime we investigated high molecular weight polybutadiene star polymers to quantify the internal relaxation time arising from the polymeric nature of these ultra-soft colloids. The observed shear-induced brush deformation is interpreted in terms of the internal Zimm time τ(z). The observed dependence of τ(z) on matrix viscosity can be explained by shrinkage of the star polymer due to an increasing incompatibility with increasing matrix molecular weight. The influence of the polymeric nature on the characteristic structural relaxation time in the concentrated regime was investigated using non-linear rheology following Wyss et al (SRFS) (2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 238303). Here we used star-like block copolymer micelles to systematically tune the 'softness' of the colloids by variation of the block ratio. A master curve with proper scaling parameters could be generated independent of the degree of colloidal 'softness'. However, the obtained strain-rate independent structural relaxation time τ(0) was not observed in the linear regime. In addition, a high frequency discrepancy was clearly found in all our experimental data. Both reflect the shortcomings of the SRFS approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gupta
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Complex Systems (ICS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
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48
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Frielinghaus H, Kerscher M, Holderer O, Monkenbusch M, Richter D. Acceleration of membrane dynamics adjacent to a wall. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 85:041408. [PMID: 22680476 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.041408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of an induced lamellar microemulsion adjacent to a planar hydrophilic surface (45 ns) were found to be three times faster compared to the bicontinuous bulk structure (133 ns). For these investigations the grazing incidence technique for neutron spin echo spectroscopy has been developed to resolve the depth dependent near surface dynamics. The observation is rationalized in terms of membrane hydrodynamics, where the flow fields reflected by the surface lead to a crossover from classical to confined fluctuations, and faster dynamics on large length scales (also known as "lubrication") are predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Frielinghaus
- Jülich Centre of Neutron Science, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Lichtenbergstrasse 1, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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49
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Flynn A, Ducey M, Yethiraj A, Morrow MR. Dynamic properties of bicellar lipid mixtures observed by rheometry and quadrupole echo decay. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:2782-2790. [PMID: 22196024 DOI: 10.1021/la204111z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In bicellar dispersions of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and 1,2-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DHPC), the transition from isotropic reorientation to partial orientational order, on warming, is known to coincide with a sharp increase in viscosity. In this work, cone-and-plate rheometry, (2)H NMR spectroscopy, and quadrupole echo decay observations have been used to obtain new insights into the dynamics of phases observed in bicellar DMPC/DHPC mixtures. Samples with 25% of the DMPC component deuterated were used to correlate rheological measurements with phase behavior observed by (2)H NMR spectroscopy. Mixtures containing only normal DMPC (DMPC/DHPC) or only chain perdeuterated DMPC (DMPC-d(54)/DHPC) were used to refine rheology and quadrupole echo decay measurements respectively. The viscosity peaked at 4-9 Pa·s, just above the isotropic-to-nematic transition, and then dropped as samples were warmed through the nematic-to-lamellar transition. Quadrupole echo decay times above the nematic-to-lamellar transition were significantly longer than typically observed in the liquid crystalline phase of saturated lipid multilamellar vesicles. This may indicate a damping of slow bilayer undulations resulting from the coupling of opposite bilayer surfaces by DHPC-lined pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alanna Flynn
- Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, A1B 3X7
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Paredes J, Shahidzadeh-Bonn N, Bonn D. Shear banding in thixotropic and normal emulsions. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2011; 23:284116. [PMID: 21709327 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/23/28/284116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
When made to flow, yield stress materials rarely flow homogeneously. This is mostly attributed to the fact that such materials show a transition from a solid- to a liquid-like state when the stress exceeds some critical value: the yield stress. Thus, if the stress is heterogeneous, so is the flow. Here we consider emulsion flows in a cone-plate geometry that, for Newtonian fluids, correspond to a homogeneous stress situation and show that shear banding can also be observed either due to wall slip or to the existence of a critical shear rate. By means of velocity profiles obtained using a confocal laser scanning microscope combined with a rheometer we conclude that the last type of shear banding occurs only in thixotropic yield stress materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Paredes
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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