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Sekiya R, Nagano T, Moriyama T, Kishi T, Shinke H, Yano E, Hatano N, Katsurada M, Umezawa K, Katsurada N, Hori S, Hazeki N, Fukunaga A, Yamamoto M, Kamiryo H, Shinohara M, Kobayashi K, Kotani Y, Nishimura Y. Occupational respiratory allergy to lettuce in lettuce farmers. Clin Exp Allergy 2020; 50:932-941. [PMID: 32542808 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lettuce-associated respiratory allergy has never been reported before. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical condition of lettuce-associated respiratory allergy and to identify the lettuce antigen which induces allergic symptoms. METHODS We distributed questionnaires to 1168 lettuce farmers and performed medical examinations in those who exhibited respiratory symptoms related to occupational exposure to lettuce. We analysed specific IgE-binding proteins in the sera of patients through immunoblotting analysis and determined molecular characterization of the IgE-binding bands using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS A total of 932 farmers (80%) responded to the questionnaire. Of those, 7% exhibited lettuce-associated respiratory symptoms, during harvesting and packaging. Thirteen patients were diagnosed with allergy to lettuce and agreed to undergo further examinations. The percentage of activated basophils in these patients was significantly higher compared with that reported in negative controls (P < .05). Lettuce-specific IgE (ImmunoCAP® ) and skin prick testing was positive in 46% and 62% of patients, respectively. Notably, occupational lettuce-allergic asthma was detected in one patient through specific bronchial provocation testing. The IgE-binding bands recognized in the sera of >50% of patients were identified as epidermis-specific secreted glycoprotein EP1-like (51 kDa). CONCLUSION The present analysis identified a novel lettuce allergen. This allergen may have clinically useful applications, such as specific IgE testing and allergen-specific immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reina Sekiya
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nagano
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Moriyama
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara City, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Takinomiya General Hospital, Ayauta-gun, Japan
| | - Haruko Shinke
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Erika Yano
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara City, Japan
| | - Naoya Hatano
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masahiro Katsurada
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kanoko Umezawa
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Naoko Katsurada
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Suya Hori
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Nobuko Hazeki
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Atsushi Fukunaga
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Yamamoto
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kamiryo
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masakazu Shinohara
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kobayashi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kotani
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hyogo Prefectural Awaji Medical Center, Sumoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishimura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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In Vitro Production of Plant Peroxidases—A Review. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 166:1644-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9558-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Dobrowolska I, Majchrzak O, Baldwin TC, Kurczynska EU. Differences in protodermal cell wall structure in zygotic and somatic embryos of Daucus carota (L.) cultured on solid and in liquid media. PROTOPLASMA 2012; 249:117-29. [PMID: 21424614 PMCID: PMC3249540 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-011-0268-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The ultrastructure, cuticle, and distribution of pectic epitopes in outer periclinal walls of protodermal cells of Daucus carota zygotic and somatic embryos from solid and suspension culture were investigated. Lipid substances were present as a continuous layer in zygotic and somatic embryos cultured on solid medium. Somatic embryos from suspension cultures were devoid of cuticle. The ultrastructure of the outer walls of protodermis of embryos was similar in zygotic and somatic embryos from solid culture. Fibrillar material was observed on the surface of somatic embryos. In zygotic embryos, in cotyledons and root pectic epitopes recognised by the antibody JIM5 were observed in all cell walls. In hypocotyls of these embryos, these pectic epitopes were not present in the outer periclinal and anticlinal walls of the protodermis. In somatic embryos from solid media, distribution of pectic epitopes recognised by JIM5 was similar to that described for their zygotic counterparts. In somatic embryos from suspension culture, pectic epitopes recognised by JIM5 were detected in all cell walls. In the cotyledons and hypocotyls, a punctate signal was observed on the outside of the protodermis. Pectic epitopes recognised by JIM7 were present in all cell walls independent of embryo organs. In zygotic embryos, this signal was punctate; in somatic embryos from both cultures, this signal was uniformly distributed. In embryos from suspension cultures, a punctate signal was detected outside the surface of cotyledon and hypocotyl. These data are discussed in light of current models for embryogenesis and the influence of culture conditions on cell wall structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Dobrowolska
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environment Protection, Silesian University, Katowice, Poland.
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Ruiz-May E, Kim SJ, Brandizzi F, Rose JKC. The secreted plant N-glycoproteome and associated secretory pathways. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2012; 3:117. [PMID: 22685447 PMCID: PMC3368311 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2012.00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
N-Glycosylation is a common form of eukaryotic protein post-translational modification, and one that is particularly prevalent in plant cell wall proteins. Large scale and detailed characterization of N-glycoproteins therefore has considerable potential in better understanding the composition and functions of the cell wall proteome, as well as those proteins that reside in other compartments of the secretory pathway. While there have been numerous studies of mammalian and yeast N-glycoproteins, less is known about the population complexity, biosynthesis, structural variation, and trafficking of their plant counterparts. However, technical developments in the analysis of glycoproteins and the structures the glycans that they bear, as well as valuable comparative analyses with non-plant systems, are providing new insights into features that are common among eukaryotes and those that are specific to plants, some of which may reflect the unique nature of the plant cell wall. In this review we present an overview of the current knowledge of plant N-glycoprotein synthesis and trafficking, with particular reference to those that are cell wall localized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliel Ruiz-May
- Department of Plant Biology, Cornell UniversityIthaca, NY, USA
| | - Sang-Jin Kim
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI, USA
- DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Federica Brandizzi
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI, USA
- DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jocelyn K. C. Rose
- Department of Plant Biology, Cornell UniversityIthaca, NY, USA
- *Correspondence: Jocelyn K. C. Rose, Department of Plant Biology, Cornell University, 412 Mann Library Building, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. e-mail:
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Minibayeva F, Kolesnikov O, Chasov A, Beckett RP, Lüthje S, Vylegzhanina N, Buck F, Böttger M. Wound-induced apoplastic peroxidase activities: their roles in the production and detoxification of reactive oxygen species. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2009; 32:497-508. [PMID: 19183290 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.01944.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a widely reported response of plants to wounding. However, the nature of enzymes responsible for ROS production and metabolism in the apoplast is still an open question. We identified and characterized the proteins responsible for the wound-induced production and detoxification of ROS in the apoplast of wheat roots (Triticum aestivum L.). Compared to intact roots, excised roots and leachates derived from them produced twice the amount of superoxide (O2(*-)). Wounding also induced extracellular peroxidase (ECPOX) activity mainly caused by the release of soluble peroxidases with molecular masses of 37, 40 and 136 kD. Peptide mass analysis by electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) following lectin affinity chromatography of leachates showed the presence of peroxidases in unbound (37 kD) and bound (40 kD) fractions. High sensitivity of O2(*-)-producing activity to peroxidase inhibitors and production of O2(*-) by purified peroxidases in vitro provided evidence for the involvement of ECPOXs in O2(*-) production in the apoplast. Our results present new insights into the rapid response of roots to wounding. An important component of this response is mediated by peroxidases that are released from the cell surface into the apoplast where they can display both oxidative and peroxidative activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Minibayeva
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420111, Russia.
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Kusumawati L, Imin N, Djordjevic MA. Characterization of the Secretome of Suspension Cultures of Medicago Species Reveals Proteins Important for Defense and Development. J Proteome Res 2008; 7:4508-20. [DOI: 10.1021/pr800291z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Kusumawati
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Legume Research, Genomic Interactions Group, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Nijat Imin
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Legume Research, Genomic Interactions Group, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Michael A. Djordjevic
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Legume Research, Genomic Interactions Group, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
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Maraschin SF, de Priester W, Spaink HP, Wang M. Androgenic switch: an example of plant embryogenesis from the male gametophyte perspective. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2005; 56:1711-26. [PMID: 15928015 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eri190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Embryogenesis in plants is a unique process in the sense that it can be initiated from a wide range of cells other than the zygote. Upon stress, microspores or young pollen grains can be switched from their normal pollen development towards an embryogenic pathway, a process called androgenesis. Androgenesis represents an important tool for research in plant genetics and breeding, since androgenic embryos can germinate into completely homozygous, double haploid plants. From a developmental point of view, androgenesis is a rewarding system for understanding the process of embryo formation from single, haploid microspores. Androgenic development can be divided into three main characteristic phases: acquisition of embryogenic potential, initiation of cell divisions, and pattern formation. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the main cellular and molecular events that characterize these three commitment phases. Molecular approaches such as differential screening and cDNA array have been successfully employed in the characterization of the spatiotemporal changes in gene expression during androgenesis. These results suggest that the activation of key regulators of embryogenesis, such as the BABY BOOM transcription factor, is preceded by the stress-induced reprogramming of cellular metabolism. Reprogramming of cellular metabolism includes the repression of gene expression related to starch biosynthesis and the induction of proteolytic genes (e.g. components of the 26S proteasome, metalloprotease, cysteine, and aspartic proteases) and stress-related proteins (e.g. GST, HSP, BI-1, ADH). The combination of cell tracking systems with biochemical markers has allowed the key switches in the developmental pathway of microspores to be determined, as well as programmed cell death to be identified as a feature of successful androgenic embryo development. The mechanisms of androgenesis induction and embryo formation are discussed, in relation to other biological systems, in special zygotic and somatic embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Maraschin
- Center for Phytotechnology LU/TNO, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 64, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands
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Swidzinski JA, Leaver CJ, Sweetlove LJ. A proteomic analysis of plant programmed cell death. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2004; 65:1829-38. [PMID: 15276441 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2004] [Revised: 03/30/2004] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is an active cellular suicide that occurs in animals and plants throughout development and in response to both abiotic and biotic stresses. In contrast to animals, little is known about the molecular machinery that regulates plant PCD. We have previously identified transcriptomic changes associated with heat- and senescence-induced PCD in an Arabidopsis cell suspension culture [Plant J. 30 (2002) 431]. However, since plant PCD is also likely to involve elements that are regulated post-transcriptionally, we have undertaken a proteomic analysis in the Arabidopsis system. We identified 11 proteins that increased in abundance relative to total protein in both treatments despite extensive degradation of other proteins. We argue that some of these proteins are maintained during PCD and may therefore have specific functions in the PCD pathway. The increased abundance of several antioxidant proteins as well as a measured increase in free Fe2+ content of the cells indicates an oxidative stress in this system. Several mitochondrial proteins were identified, confirming the importance of this organelle during PCD. We also identified an extracellular glycoprotein that may function in the transmission of a 'death signal' from cell to cell. Putative roles for the identified proteins are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi A Swidzinski
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK.
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de Marco A, Guzzardi P, Jamet E. Isolation of tobacco isoperoxidases accumulated in cell-suspension culture medium and characterization of activities related to cell wall metabolism. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 1999; 120:371-82. [PMID: 10364388 PMCID: PMC59275 DOI: 10.1104/pp.120.2.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/1998] [Accepted: 03/15/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
All of the most important guaiacol-type peroxidase (POX) isoforms accumulated in the culture medium of BY-2 tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Bright Yellow 2) cells have been isolated. Five basic and two acidic isoforms were found. The four major isoforms (B2, B3, P1, and P2), all strongly basic, have been purified to homogeneity and partially sequenced. B2 and B3 are new isoforms showing high homology to only one POX isolated so far. Amino acid sequencing and specific activities indicated that basic isoPOXs constitute two pairs of strictly related isoforms (P1/P2 and B2/B3). Their specific activities measured in the presence of different substrates, as monolignols and NAD(P)H, indicated possible specialized functions in cell wall metabolism. Only P-type POXs were able to oxidize indoleacetic acid. Variations in pH could play a regulatory role by changing the relative contribution of different isoforms to total POX activity. Apart from cell culture medium, polyclonal antibodies obtained against P1 and P2 detected P1 in roots and in lower parts of stems. Immunocytochemical labeling indicated that P-type POXs were expressed in stem phloem and in phloem and epidermal cells of roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- A de Marco
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Propre de Recherche A0406, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Guzzo F. Expression pattern of the carrot EP3 endochitinase genes in suspension cultures and in developing seeds. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 1998; 117:43-53. [PMID: 9576773 PMCID: PMC35020 DOI: 10.1104/pp.117.1.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/1997] [Accepted: 02/12/1998] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Carrot (Daucus carota) extracellular protein 3 (EP3) class IV endochitinases were previously identified based on their ability to rescue somatic embryos of the temperature-sensitive cell line ts11. Whole-mount in situ hybridization revealed that a subset of the morphologically distinguishable cell types in embryogenic and nonembryogenic suspension cultures, including ts11, express EP3 genes. No expression was found in somatic embryos. In carrot plants EP3 genes are expressed in the inner integumentary cells of young fruits and in a specific subset of cells located in the middle of the endosperm of mature seeds. No expression was found in zygotic embryos. These results support the hypothesis that the EP3 endochitinase has a "nursing" function during zygotic embryogenesis and that this function can be mimicked by suspension cells during somatic embryogenesis.
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Ojima A, Shiota H, Higashi K, Kamada H, Shimma Y, Wada M, Satoh S. An extracellular insoluble inhibitor of cysteine proteinases in cell cultures and seeds of carrot. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1997; 34:99-109. [PMID: 9177316 DOI: 10.1023/a:1005842719374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
An 18 kDa extracellular insoluble protein (EIP18) was found previously in amorphous particles suspended in the culture medium and in the interspaces of cell clusters of carrot (Daucus carota L.) callus, as well as in the extracellular spaces of carrot seeds, being located both in the embryo and at the inner edge of the endosperm. We purified EIP18 by washing the amorphous particles with the mixture of Triton X-100, NaCl and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). We determined several partial amino acid sequences, and then we cloned and sequenced a cDNA for EIP18. EIP18 was found to consist of 133 amino acid residues that included a signal sequence, but it did not contain cysteine, sites for N-linked glycosylation or hydrophobic regions. Since its sequence was found to be homologous to that of inhibitors of cysteine proteinases, namely cystatins, EIP18 was renamed EICC (extracellular insoluble cystatin of carrot). EICC expressed in yeast was also found in an insoluble form in yeast cell walls. EICC prepared from the culture medium of carrot cells inhibited commercial cysteine proteinases and a proteinase extracted from germinating carrot seeds. The expression of the gene for EICC was detected in developing seeds, and the level of its transcript was markedly enhanced upon treatment of somatic embryos with abscisic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ojima
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Hwang I, Ratterman DM, Sze H. Distinction between Endoplasmic Reticulum-Type and Plasma Membrane-Type Ca2+ Pumps (Partial Purification of a 120-Kilodalton Ca2+-ATPase from Endomembranes). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 1997; 113:535-548. [PMID: 12223624 PMCID: PMC158170 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.2.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Two biochemical types of Ca2+-pumping ATPases were distinguished in membranes that were isolated from carrot (Daucus carota) suspension-cultured cells. One type hydrolyzed GTP nearly as well as ATP, was stimulated by calmodulin, and was resistant to cyclopiazonic acid. This plasma membrane (PM)-type pump was associated with PMs and endomembranes, including vacuolar membranes and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Another pump ("ER-type") that was associated mainly with the ER hydrolyzed ATP preferentially, was insensitive to calmodulin, and was inhibited partially by cyclopiazonic acid, a blocker of the animal sarcoplasmic/ER Ca2+ pump. Oxalate stimulation of Ca2+ accumulation by ER-type, but not PM-type, pump(s) indicated a separation of the two types on distinct compartments. An endomembrane 120-kD Ca2+ pump was partially purified by calmodulin-affinity chromatography. The purified polypeptide bound calmodulin reacted with antibodies to a calmodulin-stimulated Ca2+ pump from cauliflower and displayed [32P]phosphoenzyme properties that are characteristic of PM-type Ca2+ pumps. The purified ATPase corresponded to a phosphoenzyme and a 120-kD calmodulin-binding protein on endomembranes. Another PM-type pump was suggested by a 127-kD PM-associated protein that bound calmodulin. Thus, both ER- and PM-type Ca2+ pumps coexist in most plant tissues, and each type can be distinguished from another by a set of traits, even in partially purified membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Hwang
- Department of Plant Biology, and Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
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Knox JP. The use of antibodies to study the architecture and developmental regulation of plant cell walls. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CYTOLOGY 1997; 171:79-120. [PMID: 9066126 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(08)62586-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This review covers the generation and use of antibodies to defined components of plant and algal cell walls and how these have contributed to our understanding of the spatial and developmental regulation of cell walls. Particular emphasis is placed upon the generation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to matrix polysaccharides, extensins, and arabinogalactan-proteins of higher plants, and algal polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Immunolocalization studies are discussed in relation to the identification of molecular domains within cell walls, cell adhesion, cell differentiation, and the establishment of plant interactions with other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Knox
- Centre for Plant Biochemistry & Biotechnology, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
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Jun T, Shupin W, Juan B, Daye S. Extracellular calmodulin-binding proteins in plants: purification of a 21-kDa calmodulin-binding protein. PLANTA 1996; 198:510-516. [PMID: 28321660 DOI: 10.1007/bf00262636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/1995] [Accepted: 07/11/1995] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A 21-kDa calmodulin (CaM)-binding protein and a 19-kDa calmodulin-binding protein were detected in 0.1 M CaCl2 extracts of Angelica dahurica L. suspension-cultured cells and carrot (Daucus carota L.) suspension-cultured cells, respectively, using a biotinylated cauliflower CaM gel-overlay technique in the presence of 1 mM Ca2+. No bands, or very weak bands, were shown on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gels overlayed with biotinylated cauliflower CaM when 1 mM Ca2+ was replaced by 5 mM EGTA, indicating that the binding of these two CaM-binding proteins to CaM was dependent on Ca2+. Less 21-kDa CaM-binding protein was found in culture medium of Angelica dahurica suspension cells; however, a 21-kDa protein was abundant in the cell wall. We believe that the 21-kDa CaM-binding protein is mainly in the cell wall of Angelica dahurica. Based on its reaction with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reagent, this 21-kDa protein would appear to be a glycoprotein. The 21-kDa CaM-binding protein was purified by a procedure including Sephadex G-100 gel filtration and CM-Sepharose cation-exchange column chromatography. The purity reached 91% according to gel scanning. The purified 21-kDa CaM-binding protein inhibited the activity of CaM-dependent NAD kinase and the degree of inhibition increased with augmentation of the 21-kDa protein, which appeared to be the typical characteristic of CaM-binding protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tang Jun
- Biology Department, Hebei Normal University, (050016), Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, P.R. of China
| | - Wu Shupin
- Biology Department, Hebei Normal University, (050016), Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, P.R. of China
| | - Bai Juan
- Biology Department, Hebei Normal University, (050016), Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, P.R. of China
| | - Sun Daye
- Biology Department, Hebei Normal University, (050016), Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, P.R. of China
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van Engelen FA, de Jong AJ, Meijer EA, Kuil CW, Meyboom JK, Dirkse WG, Booij H, Hartog MV, Vandekerckhove J, de Vries SC. Purification, immunological characterization and cDNA cloning of a 47 kDa glycoprotein secreted by carrot suspension cells. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1995; 27:901-910. [PMID: 7766880 DOI: 10.1007/bf00037018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A 47 kDa glycoprotein, termed EP4, was purified from carrot cell suspension culture medium. An antiserum raised against EP4 also recognized a protein of 45 kDa that was ionically bound to the cell wall. EP4 was detected in culture media from both embryogenic and non-embryogenic cell lines and was found to be secreted by a specific subset of non-embryogenic cells. Secretion of the 47 kDa glycoprotein by embryogenic cells was not evident. The 45 kDa cell wall-bound EP4 protein was specific for non-embryogenic cells and was shown by immunolocalization to occur in the walls of clustered cells, with the highest levels in the walls separating adjacent cells. In seedlings, EP4 proteins were mainly found in roots. EP4 cDNA was cloned by screening a cDNA library with an oligonucleotide derived from an EP4 peptide sequence. The EP4 cDNA sequence was found to be 55% homologous to ENOD8, an early nodulin gene from alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A van Engelen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Agricultural University Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Yeung EC. Structural and Developmental Patterns in Somatic Embryogenesis. IN VITRO EMBRYOGENESIS IN PLANTS 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0485-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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The Role of Secreted Proteins in Carrot Somatic Embryogenesis. CURRENT ISSUES IN PLANT MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0307-7_50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Mordhorst AP, Stirn S, Dresselhaus T, Löz H. Controlling Factors and Markers for Embryogenic Potential and Regeneration Capacity in Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) Cell Cultures. CURRENT ISSUES IN PLANT MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0307-7_53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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21
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Coutos-Thevenot P, Jouenne T, Maes O, Guerbette F, Grosbois M, Le Caer JP, Boulay M, Deloire A, Kader JC, Guern J. Four 9-kDa proteins excreted by somatic embryos of grapevine are isoforms of lipid-transfer proteins. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1993; 217:885-9. [PMID: 8223644 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18317.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Four 9-kDa small extracellular proteins produced by embryogenic cultures in the absence of auxin have been purified from the extracellular medium of grapevine somatic embryo cultures through cation-exchange chromatography and hydrophobic-interaction chromatography. The partial amino-acid sequences reflect high similarities between the four proteins as well as with the sequences established for carrot, spinach, millet and maize nonspecific lipid-transfer proteins. All these sequences show conservation of three cysteines at positions 4, 14 and 30-32, as well as glycine, valine, tyrosine and lysine residues at positions 5, 7, 17 and 37, respectively. In-vitro lipid-transfer assays reveal that the four proteins catalyze the transfer of phosphatidylcholine from liposomes towards mitochondria with an efficiency similar or higher than that of a purified maize lipid-transfer protein.
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Zimmerman JL. Somatic Embryogenesis: A Model for Early Development in Higher Plants. THE PLANT CELL 1993; 5:1411-1423. [PMID: 12271037 DOI: 10.2307/3869792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. L. Zimmerman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21228
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Zimmerman JL. Somatic Embryogenesis: A Model for Early Development in Higher Plants. THE PLANT CELL 1993; 5:1411-1423. [PMID: 12271037 PMCID: PMC160372 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.5.10.1411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. L. Zimmerman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21228
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Pennell RI, Janniche L, Scofield GN, Booij H, de Vries SC, Roberts K. Identification of a transitional cell state in the developmental pathway to carrot somatic embryogenesis. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 1992; 119:1371-80. [PMID: 1280275 PMCID: PMC2289712 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.119.5.1371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We have located a novel carbohydrate epitope in the cell walls of certain single cells in embryogenic, but not in non-embryogenic, suspension cultures of carrot. Expression of this epitope, recognized by the mAb JIM8, is regulated during initiation, proliferation, and prolonged growth of suspension cultures such that changes in the abundance of JIM8-reactive cells always precede equivalent changes in embryogenic potential. Therefore, a direct correlation exists between the presence of the JIM8-reactive cell wall epitope and somatic embryo formation. The JIM8-reactive cell wall epitope is expressed in the cell walls of three types of single cells and one type of cell cluster. One of the single cell types seems able to follow one of two phytohormone-controlled developmental pathways, either a cell elongation pathway that eventually leads to cell death, or a cell division pathway that gives rise to proembryogenic masses. We demonstrate that all JIM8-reactive cell types in embryogenic carrot suspension cultures are developmentally related, and that the switch by one of them to somatic embryogenesis is accompanied by the immediate dissipation of the JIM8-reactive cell wall epitope. The cell wall carbohydrate epitope recognized by JIM8 therefore represents a cell wall marker for a very early transitional cell state in the developmental pathway to carrot somatic embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R I Pennell
- Department of Molecular Biology, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands
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De Jong AJ, Cordewener J, Lo Schiavo F, Terzi M, Vandekerckhove J, Van Kammen A, De Vries SC. A carrot somatic embryo mutant is rescued by chitinase. THE PLANT CELL 1992; 4:425-433. [PMID: 1498601 DOI: 10.2307/3869444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
At the nonpermissive temperature, somatic embryogenesis of the temperature-sensitive (ts) carrot cell mutant ts11 does not proceed beyond the globular stage. This developmental arrest can be lifted by the addition of proteins secreted by wild-type cells to the culture medium. From this mixture of secreted proteins, a 32-kD glycoprotein, designated extracellular protein 3 (EP3), that allows completion of somatic embryo development in ts11 at the nonpermissive temperature was purified. On the basis of peptide sequences and biochemical characterization, EP3 was identified as a glycosylated acidic endochitinase. The addition of the 32-kD endochitinase to ts11 embryo cultures at the nonpermissive temperature appeared to promote the formation of a correctly formed embryo protoderm. These results imply that a glycosylated acidic endochitinase has an important function in early plant somatic embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J De Jong
- Department of Molecular Biology, Agricultural University of Wageningen, The Netherlands
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De Jong AJ, Cordewener J, Lo Schiavo F, Terzi M, Vandekerckhove J, Van Kammen A, De Vries SC. A carrot somatic embryo mutant is rescued by chitinase. THE PLANT CELL 1992; 4:425-33. [PMID: 1498601 PMCID: PMC160142 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.4.4.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
At the nonpermissive temperature, somatic embryogenesis of the temperature-sensitive (ts) carrot cell mutant ts11 does not proceed beyond the globular stage. This developmental arrest can be lifted by the addition of proteins secreted by wild-type cells to the culture medium. From this mixture of secreted proteins, a 32-kD glycoprotein, designated extracellular protein 3 (EP3), that allows completion of somatic embryo development in ts11 at the nonpermissive temperature was purified. On the basis of peptide sequences and biochemical characterization, EP3 was identified as a glycosylated acidic endochitinase. The addition of the 32-kD endochitinase to ts11 embryo cultures at the nonpermissive temperature appeared to promote the formation of a correctly formed embryo protoderm. These results imply that a glycosylated acidic endochitinase has an important function in early plant somatic embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J De Jong
- Department of Molecular Biology, Agricultural University of Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Abstract
In many plant species nonzygotic embryos can develop from diploid somatic cells grown in tissue culture. Extracellular glycoproteins have been identified that can rescue arrested somatic embryos. One of these glycoproteins may be part of a mechanism that controls the expansion of plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Van Engelen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Agricultural University Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Cordewener J, Booij H, van der Zandt H, van Engelen F, van Kammen A, de Vries S. Tunicamycin-inhibited carrot somatic embryogenesis can be restored by secreted cationic peroxidase isoenzymes. PLANTA 1991; 184:478-86. [PMID: 24194238 DOI: 10.1007/bf00197895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/1990] [Accepted: 02/16/1991] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis of carrot (Daucus carota L.) is inhibited by the glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin. This inhibition is reversible by the addition of correctly glycosylated glycoproteins which have been secreted into the culture medium. To identify the proteins responsible for complementation, glycoproteins present in the medium of embryo cultures were purified and tested for their activity in the tunicamycin inhibition/ complementation assay. A 38-kDa glycoprotein was purified that could restore embryogenesis to more than 50% of that in untreated controls. This 38-kDa glycoprotein was identified as a heme-containing peroxidase on the basis of its A405/A280 ratio (Reinheit Zahl or RZ) and enzyme activity. The 38-kDa peroxidase consisted of four different cationic isoenzymes of which only one or possibly two appeared active in the complementation assay. The cationic peroxidase isoenzymes from the carrot medium could be effectively replaced by cationic horseradish peroxidases which depended on their catalytic properties for their ability to restore tunicamycin-inhibited somatic embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cordewener
- Department of Molecular Biology, Agricultural University Wageningen, Dreijenlaan 3, NL-6703, Wageningen, HA, The Netherlands
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