1
|
Choi WJ, Park HJ, Baek N, In Yang H, Kwak JH, Lee SI, Park SW, Shin ES, Lim SS. Patterns of δ 15N in forest soils and tree foliage and rings between climate zones in relation to atmospheric nitrogen deposition: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165866. [PMID: 37516182 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
The stable nitrogen (N) isotope ratio (δ15N) of forest samples (soils, tree foliage, and tree rings) has been used as a powerful indicator to explore the responses of forest N cycling to atmospheric N deposition. This review investigated the patterns of δ15N in forest samples between climate zones in relation to N deposition. Forest samples exhibited distinctive δ15N patterns between climate zones due to differences in site conditions (i.e., N availability and retention capacity) and the atmospheric N deposition characteristics (i.e., N deposition rate, N species, and δ15N of deposited N). For example, the δ15N of soil and foliage was higher for tropical forests than for other forests by >1.2 ‰ and 4 ‰, respectively due to the site conditions favoring N losses coupled with relatively low N deposition for tropical forests. This was further supported by the unchanged or increased δ15N of tree rings in tropical forests, which contrasts with other climate zones that exhibited a decreased wood δ15N since the 1920s. Subtropical forests under a high deposition of reduced N (NHy) had a lower δ15N by 2-5 ‰ in the organic layer compared with the other forests, reflecting high retention of 15N-depleted NHy deposition. At severely polluted sites in East Asia, the decreased δ15N in wood also reflected the consistent deposition of 15N-depleted NHy. Though our data analysis represents only a subset of global forest sites where atmospheric N deposition is of interest, the results suggest that the direction and magnitude of the changes in the δ15N of forest samples are related to both atmospheric N and site conditions particularly for tropical vs. subtropical forests. Site-specific information on the atmospheric N deposition characteristics would allow more accurate assessment of the variations in the δ15N of forest samples in relation to N deposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jung Choi
- Department of Rural & Biosystems Engineering (Brain Korea 21), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; AgriBio Institute of Climate Change Management, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Jin Park
- Crop Production & Physiology Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Jeollabukdo 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Nuri Baek
- Department of Rural & Biosystems Engineering (Brain Korea 21), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye In Yang
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Jin-Hyeob Kwak
- Department of Rural Construction Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 57896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Il Lee
- Climate Change Assessment Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Jeollabukdo 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Woo Park
- Department of Rural & Biosystems Engineering (Brain Korea 21), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Seo Shin
- Department of Rural & Biosystems Engineering (Brain Korea 21), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Sun Lim
- Bio R&D Center, CJ Cheiljedang, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16495, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hau NX, Sano M, Nakatsuka T, Chen SH, Chen IC. The modulation of Pacific Decadal Oscillation on ENSO-East Asian summer monsoon relationship over the past half-millennium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159437. [PMID: 36244482 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Monsoon precipitation affects natural and social systems in East Asia, one of the most densely populated regions in the world. Monsoon precipitation variability is strongly influenced by El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and may be related to the phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). However, a collective understanding of the long-term PDO-ENSO-monsoon relationship remains limited because related studies are almost exclusively based on short instrumental records. Although paleoclimate proxies for PDO and ENSO are currently available, there is a lack of high-quality proxies for East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) precipitation. Moreover, the strengthening of the ENSO-EASM relationship since the 1970s has raised the question of anthropogenic impact. Reconstructing EASM precipitation is thus crucial to understanding its variability under natural and anthropogenic forcings. In this study, we addressed these challenges using tree ring oxygen isotopes of red cypress (Chamaecyparis formosensis Matsum), a long-lived endemic tree species in Taiwan. We developed an annual-resolved and well-validated EASM precipitation proxy from 1533 CE to 2011 which explained 49 % of the variance in instrumental precipitation. In comparison with multiple paleoclimate proxies, we revealed that PDO persistently modulated the ENSO-EASM relationship over the past half-millennium. The ENSO-EASM relationship was enhanced during the positive PDO phases and dynamically weakened during the negative PDO phases, notably in the early-17th, 18th, and early to mid-20th centuries. The strengthened relationship since the 1970s concurred with an unusually high PDO and ENSO and fell within its natural variability. Nevertheless, as the amplitude of the PDO is predicted to weaken under warming, the modulation effects may become less predictable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen-Xuan Hau
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan; Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Masaki Sano
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto 603-8047, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Nakatsuka
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto 603-8047, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Shin-Hao Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
| | - I-Ching Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jiang C, Jiang C, Zha J, Liu H, Liu D, Zheng L. Water chemistry and stable isotope characteristics of subsidence lakes in coal mining areas, Eastern China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:43152-43167. [PMID: 36648714 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25285-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Many subsidence lakes have formed in eastern China as a result of underground coal mining. These coal mining-related subsidence lakes vary in their formation time and connectivity with rivers. These factors may influence the water chemistry and hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope characteristics of the lake water. This study collected and tested subsidence lake water, atmospheric precipitation, river water, and shallow groundwater in the study area. The results showed that the water chemical types of the subsidence lake water and river water are Cl-Na and HCO3·Cl-Na and that the water chemical types of the shallow groundwater are mainly HCO3·Cl-Na and HCO3·Cl-Ca. There are no significant differences in the water chemical characteristics of subsidence lakes with different subsidence ages and types. The major ions in each water body mainly come from evaporite dissolution and silicate weathering, and ion exchange occurs. Reverse ion exchange occurs in some shallow groundwater samples. The stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in the subsidence lake water, river water, and shallow groundwater are distributed along a straight line with a slope less than that of the LMWL, indicating that these water bodies have a common source, namely, precipitation. With increases in the formation time of the subsidence lakes, the heavy isotopes in the lake water gradually become depleted, and the d value gradually increases, mainly driven by precipitation dilution, weakening evaporation, river recharge, and groundwater recharge. The isotopic values of different types of lakes with the same subsidence time differ little. The research results may provide scientific guidance for the rational development and utilization of water resources in coal mining subsidence areas, enrich the study of the hydrological cycle in the area, and are of great significance for the protection of the local water balance and water environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunlu Jiang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Chenghong Jiang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Junzhen Zha
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Dou Liu
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Liugen Zheng
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Deklerck. Timber origin verification using mass spectrometry: challenges, opportunities, and way forward. FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL: ANIMALS AND ENVIRONMENTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsiae.2022.100057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
5
|
Xu G, Liu X, Hu J, Dorado-Liñán I, Gagen M, Szejner P, Chen T, Trouet V. Intra-annual tree-ring δ18O and δ13C reveal a trade-off between isotopic source and humidity in moist environments. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:2203-2223. [PMID: 35796563 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tree-ring intra-annual stable isotopes (δ13C and δ18O) are powerful tools for revealing plant ecophysiological responses to climatic extremes. We analyzed interannual and fine-scale intra-annual variability of tree-ring δ13C and δ18O in Chinese red pine (Pinus massoniana) from southeastern China to explore environmental drivers and potential trade-offs between the main physiological controls. We show that wet season relative humidity (May-October RH) drove interannual variability of δ18O and intra-annual variability of tree-ring δ18O. It also drove intra-annual variability of tree-ring δ13C, whereas interannual variability was mainly controlled by February-May temperature and September-October RH. Furthermore, intra-annual tree-ring δ18O variability was larger during wet years compared with dry years, whereas δ13C variability was lower during wet years compared with dry years. As a result of these differences in intra-annual variability amplitude, process-based models (we used the Roden model for δ18O and the Farquhar model for δ13C) captured the intra-annual δ18O pattern better in wet years compared with dry years, whereas intra-annual δ13C pattern was better simulated in dry years compared with wet years. This result suggests a potential asymmetric bias in process-based models in capturing the interplay of the different mechanistic processes (i.e., isotopic source and leaf-level enrichment) operating in dry versus wet years. We therefore propose an intra-annual conceptual model considering a dynamic trade-off between the isotopic source and leaf-level enrichment in different tree-ring parts to understand how climate and ecophysiological processes drive intra-annual tree-ring stable isotopic variability under humid climate conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guobao Xu
- National Field Science Observation and Research Station of Yulong Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development, State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- National Field Science Observation and Research Station of Yulong Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development, State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Jia Hu
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA
| | - Isabel Dorado-Liñán
- Dpto. de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mary Gagen
- Department of Geography, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA28PP, UK
| | - Paul Szejner
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City 04510, México
| | - Tuo Chen
- National Field Science Observation and Research Station of Yulong Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development, State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Valerie Trouet
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Snyder KA, Robinson SA, Schmidt S, Hultine KR. Stable isotope approaches and opportunities for improving plant conservation. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 10:coac056. [PMID: 35966756 PMCID: PMC9367551 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coac056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Successful conservation of threatened species and ecosystems in a rapidly changing world requires scientifically sound decision-making tools that are readily accessible to conservation practitioners. Physiological applications that examine how plants and animals interact with their environment are now widely used when planning, implementing and monitoring conservation. Among these tools, stable-isotope physiology is a potentially powerful, yet under-utilized cornerstone of current and future conservation efforts of threatened and endangered plants. We review the underlying concepts and theory of stable-isotope physiology and describe how stable-isotope applications can support plant conservation. We focus on stable isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen to address plant ecophysiological responses to changing environmental conditions across temporal scales from hours to centuries. We review examples from a broad range of plant taxa, life forms and habitats and provide specific examples where stable-isotope analysis can directly improve conservation, in part by helping identify resilient, locally adapted genotypes or populations. Our review aims to provide a guide for practitioners to easily access and evaluate the information that can be derived from stable-isotope signatures, their limitations and how stable isotopes can improve conservation efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keirith A Snyder
- Corresponding author: USDA Agricultural Research Service, Great Basin Rangelands Research Unit, Reno,
920 Valley Road, NV 89512, USA.
| | - Sharon A Robinson
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
- Securing Antarctica’s Environmental Future, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Susanne Schmidt
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Building 62, Brisbane Queensland 4075, Australia
| | - Kevin R Hultine
- Department of Research, Conservation and Collections, Desert Botanical Garden, 1201 Galvin Parkway, Phoenix, AZ 85008, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sturbois A, Cucherousset J, De Cáceres M, Desroy N, Riera P, Carpentier A, Quillien N, Grall J, Espinasse B, Cherel Y, Schaal G. Stable Isotope Trajectory Analysis (
SITA
): A new approach to quantify and visualize dynamics in stable isotope studies. ECOL MONOGR 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecm.1501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Sturbois
- Vivarmor Nature, 18 C rue du Sabot Ploufragan France
- Réserve naturelle nationale de la Baie de Saint‐Brieuc, site de l'étoile, 22120 Hillion France
- Ifremer, Laboratoire Environnement et Ressources Bretagne nord, 38 rue du Port Blanc Dinard France
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/IFREMER BP 70, 29280 Plouzané France
| | - J. Cucherousset
- UMR 5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique), CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, IRD, 118 route de Narbonne Toulouse France
| | | | - N. Desroy
- Ifremer, Laboratoire Environnement et Ressources Bretagne nord, 38 rue du Port Blanc Dinard France
| | - P. Riera
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Station Biologique de Roscoff, UMR7144, Place Georges Teissier CS90074, 29688, Roscoff Cedex France
| | - A. Carpentier
- Université de Rennes 1, BOREA, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Université, Université de Caen Normandie, Université des Antilles, Campus de Beaulieu Rennes France
| | - N. Quillien
- France Energies Marines, 525 Avenue Alexis de Rochon Plouzané France
| | - J. Grall
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/IFREMER BP 70, 29280 Plouzané France
| | - B. Espinasse
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology UiT The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø Norway
| | - Y. Cherel
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 du CNRS‐La Rochelle Université Villiers‐en‐Bois France
| | - G. Schaal
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/IFREMER BP 70, 29280 Plouzané France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cintra BBL, Gloor M, Boom A, Schöngart J, Baker JCA, Cruz FW, Clerici S, Brienen RJW. Tree-ring oxygen isotopes record a decrease in Amazon dry season rainfall over the past 40 years. CLIMATE DYNAMICS 2021; 59:1401-1414. [PMID: 35971539 PMCID: PMC9372001 DOI: 10.1007/s00382-021-06046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Extant climate observations suggest the dry season over large parts of the Amazon Basin has become longer and drier over recent decades. However, such possible intensification of the Amazon dry season and its underlying causes are still a matter of debate. Here we used oxygen isotope ratios in tree rings (δ18OTR) from six floodplain trees from the western Amazon to assess changes in past climate. Our analysis shows that δ18OTR of these trees is negatively related to inter-annual variability of precipitation during the dry season over large parts of the Amazon Basin, consistent with a Rayleigh rainout model. Furthermore δ18OTR increases by approximately 2‰ over the last four decades (~ 1970-2014) providing evidence of an Amazon drying trend independent from satellite and in situ rainfall observations. Using a Rayleigh rainout framework, we estimate basin-wide dry season rainfall to have decreased by up to 30%. The δ18OTR record further suggests such drying trend may not be unprecedented over the past 80 years. Analysis of δ18OTR with sea surface temperatures indicates a strong role of a warming Tropical North Atlantic Ocean in driving this long-term increase in δ18OTR and decrease in dry season rainfall. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00382-021-06046-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno B. L. Cintra
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Garstang North Building, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
- Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão 14, São Paulo, 05508-090 Brazil
| | - Manuel Gloor
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Garstang North Building, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Arnoud Boom
- School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Bennet Building, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH UK
| | - Jochen Schöngart
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazon Research, Av. André Araújo 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, 69067-375 Brazil
| | | | - Francisco W. Cruz
- Institute of Geosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Lago 562, São Paulo, 05508-080 Brazil
| | - Santiago Clerici
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Garstang North Building, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Roel J. W. Brienen
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Garstang North Building, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Binda G, Di Iorio A, Monticelli D. The what, how, why, and when of dendrochemistry: (paleo)environmental information from the chemical analysis of tree rings. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 758:143672. [PMID: 33277003 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The chemical analysis of tree rings has attracted the interest of researchers in the past five decades in view of the possibility of exploiting this biological indicator as a widely available, high-resolution environmental archive. Information regarding the surrounding environment can be derived either by directly measuring environmental variables (nutrient availability, presence of pollutants, etc.) or by exploiting proxies (e.g. paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental reconstructions). This review systematically covers the topic and provides a critical view on the reliability of dendrochemical information. First, we introduce the determinable chemical species, such as major elements, trace metals, isotopic ratios, and organic compounds, together with a brief description of their uptake mechanisms and functions in trees. Subsequently, we present the possibilities offered by analytical techniques in the field of tree ring analysis, focusing on direct methods and recent developments. The latter strongly improved the details of the accessible information, enabling the investigation of complex phenomena associated with plant life and encouraging the direct analysis of new analytes, particularly minor organic compounds. With regard to their applications, dendrochemical proxies have been used to trace several processes, such as environmental contamination, paleoclimate reconstruction, global environmental changes, tree physiology, extreme events, ecological trends, and dendroprovenance. Several case studies are discussed for each proposed application, with special emphasis on the reliability of tracing each process. Starting from the reviewed literature data, the second part of the paper is devoted to the critical assessment of the reliability of tree ring proxies. We provide an overview of the current knowledge, discuss the limitations of the inferences that may be drawn from the dendrochemical data, and provide recommendations for the best practices to be used for their validation. Finally, we present the future perspectives related to the advancements in analytical instrumentation and further extension of application fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Binda
- Department of Science and High Technology, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via Valleggio, 12, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Antonino Di Iorio
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via Jean Henry Dunant, 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Damiano Monticelli
- Department of Science and High Technology, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via Valleggio, 12, 22100 Como, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Islam M, Rahman M, Gebrekirstos A, Bräuning A. Tree-ring δ 18O climate signals vary among tree functional types in South Asian tropical moist forests. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 756:143939. [PMID: 33310218 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present the first annually resolved and statistically reliable tree-ring δ18O (δ18OT) chronologies for the three South Asian tropical moist forest tree species (Chukrasia tabularis A. Juss., Toona ciliata M. Roem., and Lagerstroemia speciosa Roxb.) which differ in their shade tolerance and resistance to water stress. We found significantly higher mean δ18OT values in light-demanding T. ciliata than in intermediate shade tolerant C. tabularis and shade tolerant L. speciosa (p < 0.001). δ18OT in C. tabularis was mainly influenced by pre-monsoon vapor pressure deficit (VPD; r = -0.54, p < 0.01) and post monsoon maximum temperature (Tmax) (r = 0.52, p < 0.01). δ18OT in T. ciliata was strongly negatively correlated with a dry season drought index PDSI (r = -0.65, p < 0.001) and VPD (r = -0.58, p < 0.001). Pre-monsoon Tmax was strongly positively linked with δ18OT in L. speciosa (r = 0.65, p < 0.001), indicating that climatic influences on δ18OT are species-specific and vary among tree functional types. Although there was a week correlation between local precipitation and δ18OT in our studied species, we found a strong correlation between δ18OT and precipitation at a larger spatial scale. Linear mixed effect models revealed that multiple factors improved model performance only in C. tabularis, yielding the best model, which combined VPD and Tmax. The top models in T. ciliata and L. speciosa included only the single factors PDSI and Tmax, highlighting that the way C. tabularis interacts with climate is more complex when compared with other two species. Our analyses suggest that stable oxygen isotope composition in tree rings of South Asian tropical moist forest trees are a suitable proxy of local and regional climate variability and are an important tool for understanding the physiological mechanisms associated with the global hydrological cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmuda Islam
- Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Wetterkreuz 15, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh.
| | - Mizanur Rahman
- Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Wetterkreuz 15, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Aster Gebrekirstos
- Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Wetterkreuz 15, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), United Nations Avenue, P.O. Box 30677-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Achim Bräuning
- Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Wetterkreuz 15, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zuidema PA, Heinrich I, Rahman M, Vlam M, Zwartsenberg SA, van der Sleen P. Recent CO 2 rise has modified the sensitivity of tropical tree growth to rainfall and temperature. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:4028-4041. [PMID: 32441438 PMCID: PMC7317543 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric CO2 (ca ) rise changes the physiology and possibly growth of tropical trees, but these effects are likely modified by climate. Such ca × climate interactions importantly drive CO2 fertilization effects of tropical forests predicted by global vegetation models, but have not been tested empirically. Here we use tree-ring analyses to quantify how ca rise has shifted the sensitivity of tree stem growth to annual fluctuations in rainfall and temperature. We hypothesized that ca rise reduces drought sensitivity and increases temperature sensitivity of growth, by reducing transpiration and increasing leaf temperature. These responses were expected for cooler sites. At warmer sites, ca rise may cause leaf temperatures to frequently exceed the optimum for photosynthesis, and thus induce increased drought sensitivity and stronger negative effects of temperature. We tested these hypotheses using measurements of 5,318 annual rings from 129 trees of the widely distributed (sub-)tropical tree species, Toona ciliata. We studied growth responses during 1950-2014, a period during which ca rose by 28%. Tree-ring data were obtained from two cooler (mean annual temperature: 20.5-20.7°C) and two warmer (23.5-24.8°C) sites. We tested ca × climate interactions, using mixed-effect models of ring-width measurements. Our statistical models revealed several significant and robust ca × climate interactions. At cooler sites (and seasons), ca × climate interactions showed good agreement with hypothesized growth responses of reduced drought sensitivity and increased temperature sensitivity. At warmer sites, drought sensitivity increased with increasing ca , as predicted, and hot years caused stronger growth reduction at high ca . Overall, ca rise has significantly modified sensitivity of Toona stem growth to climatic variation, but these changes depended on mean climate. Our study suggests that effects of ca rise on tropical tree growth may be more complex and less stimulatory than commonly assumed and require a better representation in global vegetation models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pieter A. Zuidema
- Forest Ecology & Forest Management GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Ingo Heinrich
- Section Climate Dynamics and Landscape EvolutionGFZ German Research Centre for GeosciencesTelegrafenbergGermany
- Geography DepartmentHumboldt UniversityBerlinGermany
| | - Mizanur Rahman
- Institute of GeographyFriedrich‐Alexander University Erlangen‐NurembergErlangenGermany
- Department of Forestry and Environmental ScienceShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh
| | - Mart Vlam
- Forest Ecology & Forest Management GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
- Delta Areas and ResourcesVan Hall Larenstein University of Applied SciencesLeeuwardenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Peter van der Sleen
- Forest Ecology & Forest Management GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rahman M, Islam M, Gebrekirstos A, Bräuning A. Disentangling the effects of atmospheric CO2 and climate on intrinsic water-use efficiency in South Asian tropical moist forest trees. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 40:904-916. [PMID: 32268375 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations, the ratio of carbon fixed by assimilation to water lost by transpiration through stomatal conductance (intrinsic water-use efficiency, iWUE) shows a long-term increasing trend globally. However, the drivers of short-term (inter-annual) variability in iWUE of tropical trees are poorly understood. We studied the inter-annual variability in iWUE of three South Asian tropical moist forest tree species (Chukrasia tabularis A.Juss., Toona ciliata M. Roem. and Lagerstroemia speciosa L.) derived from tree-ring stable carbon isotope ratio (δ13C) in response to variations of environmental conditions. We found a significantly decreasing trend in carbon discrimination (Δ13C) and an increasing trend in iWUE in all the three species, with a species-specific long-term trend in intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci). Growing season temperatures were the main driver of inter-annual variability of iWUE in C. tabularis and L. speciosa, whereas previous year temperatures determined the iWUE variability in T. ciliata. Vapor pressure deficit was linked with iWUE only in C. tabularis. Differences in shade tolerance, tree stature and canopy position might have caused this species-specific variation in iWUE response to climate. Linear mixed effect modeling successfully simulated iWUE variability, explaining 41-51% of the total variance varying with species. Commonality analysis revealed that temperatures had a dominant influence on the inter-annual iWUE variability (64-77%) over precipitation (7-22%) and atmospheric CO2 concentration (3-6%). However, the long-term variations in iWUE were explicitly determined by the atmospheric CO2 increase (83-94%). Our results suggest that the elevated CO2 and concomitant global warming might have detrimental effects on gas exchange and other physiological processes in South Asian tropical moist forest trees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mizanur Rahman
- Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Wetterkreuz 15, Erlangen 91058, Germany
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Mahmuda Islam
- Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Wetterkreuz 15, Erlangen 91058, Germany
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Aster Gebrekirstos
- World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), United Nations Avenue, PO Box 30677-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Achim Bräuning
- Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Wetterkreuz 15, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Müller C, Hethke M, Riedel F, Helle G. Inter- and intra-tree variability of carbon and oxygen stable isotope ratios of modern pollen from nine European tree species. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234315. [PMID: 32516353 PMCID: PMC7282652 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stable carbon and oxygen isotope ratios of raw pollen sampled from nine abundant tree species growing in natural habitats of central and northern Europe were investigated to understand the intra- and inter-specific variability of pollen-isotope values. All species yielded specific δ13Cpollen and δ18Opollen values and patterns, which can be ascribed to their physiology and habitat preferences. Broad-leaved trees flowering early in the year before leaf proliferation (Alnus glutinosa and Corylus avellana) exhibited on average 2.6‰ lower δ13Cpollen and 3.1‰ lower δ18Opollen values than broad-leaved and coniferous trees flowering during mid and late spring (Acer pseudoplatanus, Betula pendula, Carpinus betulus, Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris and Quercus robur). Mean species-specific δ13Cpollen values did not change markedly over time, whereas δ18Opollen values of two consecutive years were often statistically distinct. An intra-annual analysis of B. pendula and P. sylvestris pollen revealed increasing δ18Opollen values during the final weeks of pollen development. However, the δ13Cpollen values remained consistent throughout the pollen-maturation process. Detailed intra-individual analysis yielded circumferential and height-dependent variations within carbon and oxygen pollen-isotopes and the sampling position on a tree accounted for differences of up to 3.5‰ for δ13Cpollen and 2.1‰ for δ18Opollen. A comparison of isotope ranges from different geographic settings revealed gradients between maritime and continental as well as between high and low altitudinal study sites. The results of stepwise regression analysis demonstrated, that carbon and oxygen pollen-isotopes also reflect local non-climate environmental conditions. A detailed understanding of isotope patterns and ranges in modern pollen is necessary to enhance the accuracy of palaeoclimate investigations on δ13C and δ18O of fossil pollen. Furthermore, pollen-isotope values are species-specific and the analysis of species growing during different phenophases may be valuable for palaeoweather reconstructions of different seasons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Müller
- Institute of Geological Sciences, Palaeontology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Section 4.3 Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, GFZ German Research Centre for Geoscience, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Manja Hethke
- Institute of Geological Sciences, Palaeontology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Riedel
- Institute of Geological Sciences, Palaeontology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerhard Helle
- Institute of Geological Sciences, Palaeontology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Section 4.3 Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, GFZ German Research Centre for Geoscience, Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liang X, Zhang T, Lu X, Ellsworth DS, BassiriRad H, You C, Wang D, He P, Deng Q, Liu H, Mo J, Ye Q. Global response patterns of plant photosynthesis to nitrogen addition: A meta-analysis. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:3585-3600. [PMID: 32146723 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A mechanistic understanding of plant photosynthetic response is needed to reliably predict changes in terrestrial carbon (C) gain under conditions of chronically elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition. Here, using 2,683 observations from 240 journal articles, we conducted a global meta-analysis to reveal effects of N addition on 14 photosynthesis-related traits and affecting moderators. We found that across 320 terrestrial plant species, leaf N was enhanced comparably on mass basis (Nmass , +18.4%) and area basis (Narea , +14.3%), with no changes in specific leaf area or leaf mass per area. Total leaf area (TLA) was increased significantly, as indicated by the increases in total leaf biomass (+46.5%), leaf area per plant (+29.7%), and leaf area index (LAI, +24.4%). To a lesser extent than for TLA, N addition significantly enhanced leaf photosynthetic rate per area (Aarea , +12.6%), stomatal conductance (gs , +7.5%), and transpiration rate (E, +10.5%). The responses of Aarea were positively related with that of gs , with no changes in instantaneous water-use efficiency and only slight increases in long-term water-use efficiency (+2.5%) inferred from 13 C composition. The responses of traits depended on biological, experimental, and environmental moderators. As experimental duration and N load increased, the responses of LAI and Aarea diminished while that of E increased significantly. The observed patterns of increases in both TLA and E indicate that N deposition will increase the amount of water used by plants. Taken together, N deposition will enhance gross photosynthetic C gain of the terrestrial plants while increasing their water loss to the atmosphere, but the effects on C gain might diminish over time and that on plant water use would be amplified if N deposition persists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, and Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, and Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiankai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, and Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - David S Ellsworth
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Hormoz BassiriRad
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chengming You
- Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems, Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Pengcheng He
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, and Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Deng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, and Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, and Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, and Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, and Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Adams MA, Buckley TN, Turnbull TL. Rainfall drives variation in rates of change in intrinsic water use efficiency of tropical forests. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3661. [PMID: 31413322 PMCID: PMC6694106 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11679-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rates of change in intrinsic water use efficiency (W) of trees relative to those in atmospheric [CO2] (ca) have been mostly assessed via short-term studies (e.g., leaf analysis, flux analysis) and/or step increases in ca (e.g., FACE studies). Here we use compiled data for abundances of carbon isotopes in tree stems to show that on decadal scales, rates of change (dW/dca) vary with location and rainfall within the global tropics. For the period 1915-1995, and including corrections for mesophyll conductance and photorespiration, dW/dca for drier tropical forests (receiving ~ 1000 mm rainfall) were at least twice that of the wettest (receiving ~ 4000 mm). The data also empirically confirm theorized roles of tropical forests in changes in atmospheric 13C/12C ratios (the 13C Suess Effect). Further formal analysis of geographic variation in decade-to-century scale dW/dca will be needed to refine current models that predict increases in carbon uptake by forests without hydrological cost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Adams
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Thomas N Buckley
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Tarryn L Turnbull
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Barçante Ladvocat Cintra B, Gloor M, Boom A, Schöngart J, Locosselli GM, Brienen R. Contrasting controls on tree ring isotope variation for Amazon floodplain and terra firme trees. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 39:845-860. [PMID: 30824929 PMCID: PMC6594573 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpz009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Isotopes in tropical trees rings can improve our understanding of tree responses to climate. We assessed how climate and growing conditions affect tree-ring oxygen and carbon isotopes (δ18OTR and δ13CTR) in four Amazon trees. We analysed within-ring isotope variation for two terra firme (non-flooded) and two floodplain trees growing at sites with varying seasonality. We find distinct intra-annual patterns of δ18OTR and δ13CTR driven mostly by seasonal variation in weather and source water δ18O. Seasonal variation in isotopes was lowest for the tree growing under the wettest conditions. Tree ring cellulose isotope models based on existing theory reproduced well observed within-ring variation with possible contributions of both stomatal and mesophyll conductance to variation in δ13CTR. Climate analysis reveal that terra firme δ18OTR signals were related to basin-wide precipitation, indicating a source water δ18O influence, while floodplain trees recorded leaf enrichment effects related to local climate. Thus, intrinsically different processes (source water vs leaf enrichment) affect δ18OTR in the two different species analysed. These differences are likely a result of both species-specific traits and of the contrasting growing conditions in the floodplains and terra firme environments. Simultaneous analysis of δ13CTR and δ18OTR supports this interpretation as it shows strongly similar intra-annual patterns for both isotopes in the floodplain trees arising from a common control by leaf stomatal conductance, while terra firme trees showed less covariation between the two isotopes. Our results are interesting from a plant physiological perspective and have implications for climate reconstructions as trees record intrinsically different processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuel Gloor
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, Garstang North
| | - Arnoud Boom
- School of Geology, Geography and the Environment, Bennett Building, University Road, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Jochen Schöngart
- National Institute for Amazon Research, Av. André Araújo, 2.936, Petrópolis, CEP 69.067-375, Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Giuliano Maselli Locosselli
- Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 14, Butantã, São Paulo, CEP 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Roel Brienen
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, Garstang North
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Carbon Isotopes of Riparian Forests Trees in the Savannas of the Volta Sub-Basin of Ghana Reveal Contrasting Responses to Climatic and Environmental Variations. FORESTS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/f10030251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Stable isotopes of tree rings are frequently used as proxies in climate change studies. However, species-specific relationships between climate and tree-ring stable isotopes have not yet been studied in riparian forests in the savannas of West Africa. Four cross-dated discs, each of Afzelia africana Sm. (evergreen) and Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill. & Perr. (deciduous) in the humid (HSZ) and dry (DSZ) savanna zones of the Volta basin in Ghana were selected from a larger tree-ring dataset to assess the relationships between the tree-ring carbon isotope composition (δ13C values) and climatic parameters. The atmospherically corrected δ13C values of both studied species showed that A. africana was enriched in 13C compared to A. leiocarpus. Strong correlations were found between δ13C values of A. africana and A. leiocarpus with temperature, but weak correlations with precipitation. Spatial correlation analysis revealed significant relationships between δ13C values of both tree species and Sea Surface Temperatures in the Gulf of Guinea in the southern Atlantic Ocean. The results suggest that the carbon isotope composition of riparian trees in the Volta river basin has a potential to reconstruct climate variability and to assess tree ecological responses to climate change.
Collapse
|
18
|
Szejner P, Wright WE, Belmecheri S, Meko D, Leavitt SW, Ehleringer JR, Monson RK. Disentangling seasonal and interannual legacies from inferred patterns of forest water and carbon cycling using tree-ring stable isotopes. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2018; 24:5332-5347. [PMID: 29999573 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tree-ring carbon and oxygen isotope ratios have been used to understand past dynamics in forest carbon and water cycling. Recently, this has been possible for different parts of single growing seasons by isolating anatomical sections within individual annual rings. Uncertainties in this approach are associated with correlated climate legacies that can occur at a higher frequency, such as across successive seasons, or a lower frequency, such as across years. The objective of this study was to gain insight into how legacies affect cross-correlation in the δ13 C and δ18 O isotope ratios in the earlywood (EW) and latewood (LW) fractions of Pinus ponderosa trees at thirteen sites across a latitudinal gradient influenced by the North American Monsoon (NAM) climate system. We observed that δ13 C from EW and LW has significant positive cross-correlations at most sites, whereas EW and LW δ18 O values were cross-correlated at about half the sites. Using combined statistical and mechanistic models, we show that cross-correlations in both δ13 C and δ18 O can be largely explained by a low-frequency (multiple-year) mode that may be associated with long-term climate change. We isolated, and statistically removed, the low-frequency correlation, which resulted in greater geographical differentiation of the EW and LW isotope signals. The remaining higher-frequency (seasonal) cross-correlations between EW and LW isotope ratios were explored using a mechanistic isotope fractionation-climate model. This showed that lower atmospheric vapor pressure deficits associated with monsoon rain increase the EW-LW differentiation for both δ13 C and δ18 O at southern sites, compared to northern sites. Our results support the hypothesis that dominantly unimodal precipitation regimes, such as near the northern boundary of the NAM, are more likely to foster cross-correlations in the isotope signals of EW and LW, potentially due to greater sharing of common carbohydrate and soil water resource pools, compared to southerly sites with bimodal precipitation regimes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Szejner
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - William E Wright
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Soumaya Belmecheri
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - David Meko
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Steven W Leavitt
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - James R Ehleringer
- Stable Isotope Ratio Facility for Environmental Research, Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Russell K Monson
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| |
Collapse
|