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Salehi-Najafabadi A, Tehrani Fateh S, Amoabediny G, Hamedi J. Insights into additional lactone-based signaling circuits in Streptomyces: existence of acyl-homoserine lactones and LuxI/LuxR homologs in six Streptomyces species. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1342637. [PMID: 38389542 PMCID: PMC10883386 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1342637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), mediating pivotal physiological activities through quorum sensing (QS), have conventionally been considered limited to Gram-negative bacteria. However, few reports on the existence of AHLs in Gram-positive bacteria have questioned this conception. Streptomyces, as Gram-positive bacteria already utilizing a lactone-based QS molecule (i.e., gamma-butyrolactones), are yet to be explored for producing AHLs, considering their metabolic capacity and physiological distinction. In this regard, our study examined the potential production of AHLs within Streptomyces by deploying HPLC-MS/MS methods, which resulted in the discovery of multiple AHL productions by S. griseus, S. lavendulae FRI-5, S. clavuligerus, S. nodosus, S. lividans, and S. coelicolor A3(2). Each of these Streptomyces species possesses a combination of AHLs of different size ranges, possibly due to their distinct properties and regulatory roles. In light of additional lactone molecules, we further confirm that AHL- and GBL-synthases (i.e., LuxI and AfsA enzyme families, respectively) and their receptors (i.e., LuxR and ArpA) are evolutionarily distinct. To this end, we searched for the components of the AHL signaling circuit, i.e., AHL synthases and receptors, in the Streptomyces genus, and we have identified multiple potential LuxI and LuxR homologs in all 2,336 Streptomyces species included in this study. The 6 Streptomyces of interest in this study also had at least 4 LuxI homologs and 97 LuxR homologs. In conclusion, AHLs and associated gene regulatory systems could be more widespread within the prokaryotic realm than previously believed, potentially contributing to the control of secondary metabolites (e.g., antibiotics) and their complex life cycle, which leads to substantial industrial and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Salehi-Najafabadi
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepand Tehrani Fateh
- Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Amoabediny
- Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Hamedi
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Syukur S, Richmond J, Majzoub ME, Nappi J, Egan S, Thomas T. Not all parents are the same: Diverse strategies of symbiont transmission in seaweeds. Environ Microbiol 2024; 26:e16564. [PMID: 38151764 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Different marine seaweed species have been shown to harbour specific bacterial communities, however, the extent to which vertical symbiont transmission from parents to offspring contributes to host-specificity is unclear. Here we use fluorescence and electron microscopy as well as 16S rRNA gene-based community analysis to investigate symbiont transmission in members of the three major seaweed groups (green Chlorophyta, red Rhodophyta and brown Phaeophyceae). We found seaweeds employ diverse strategies to transfer symbionts to their progeny. For instance, the green Ulva australis does not appear to have the capacity for vertical transmission. In contrast, the brown Phyllospora comosa adopts a non-selective vertical transmission. The red Delisea pulchra demonstrates weak selectivity in symbiont transmission, while the brown Hormosira banksii exhibits a strongly selective symbiont transfer. Mucilage on the gametes appears to facilitate vertical transmission and transferred bacteria have predicted properties that could support early development of the seaweeds. Previous meta-analysis has indicated that vertical transmission is rare in aquatic compared to terrestrial environments, however, our results contribute to the growing evidence that this might not be the case and that instead vertical transmission with various degrees of symbiont selection occurs in the ecologically important group of seaweeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syukur Syukur
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Australia
| | - Joanna Richmond
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Australia
| | - Marwan E Majzoub
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Australia
| | - Jadranka Nappi
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Australia
| | - Suhelen Egan
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Australia
| | - Torsten Thomas
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Australia
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3
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Saini KC, Gupta K, Sharma S, Gautam AK, Shamim S, Mittal D, Kundu P, Bast F. First report of Planomicrobium okeanokoites associated with Himantothallus grandifolius (Desmarestiales, Phaeophyta) from Southern Hemisphere. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282516. [PMID: 37058520 PMCID: PMC10104341 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gram-positive, aerobic, motile, rod-shaped, mesophilic epiphytic bacterium Planomicrobium okeanokoites was isolated from the surface of endemic species Himantothallus grandifolius in Larsemann Hills, Eastern Antarctica. The diversity of epiphytic bacterial communities living on marine algae remains primarily unexplored; virtually no reports from Antarctic seaweeds. The present study used morpho-molecular approaches for the macroalgae and epiphytic bacterium characterization. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using mitochondrial genome encoded COX1 gene; chloroplast genome encodes rbcL; nuclear genome encoded large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LSU rRNA) for Himantothallus grandifolius and ribosomal encoded 16S rRNA for Planomicrobium okeanokoites. Morphological and molecular data revealed that the isolate is identified as Himantothallus grandifolius, which belongs to Family Desmarestiaceae of Order Desmarestiales in Class Phaeophyceae showing 99.8% similarity to the sequences of Himantothallus grandifolius, from King George Island, Antarctica (HE866853). The isolated bacterial strain was identified on the basis of chemotaxonomic, morpho-phylogenetic, and biochemical assays. A phylogenetic study based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the epiphytic bacterial strain SLA-357 was closest related to the Planomicrobium okeanokoites showing 98.7% sequence similarity. The study revealed the first report of this species from the Southern Hemisphere to date. Also, there has been no report regarding the association between the Planomicrobium okeanokoites and Himantothallus grandifolius; however, there are some reports on this bacterium isolated from sediments, soils, and lakes from Northern Hemisphere. This study may open a gateway for further research to know about the mode of interactions and how they affect the physiology and metabolism of each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khem Chand Saini
- Department of Botany, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Kriti Gupta
- Department of Botany, DAV College, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Sheetal Sharma
- Department of Botany, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Ajay K. Gautam
- Department of Botany, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Samrin Shamim
- Department of Botany, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Divya Mittal
- Department of Botany, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Pushpendu Kundu
- Department of Botany, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Felix Bast
- Department of Botany, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
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4
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Wang J, Tang X, Mo Z, Mao Y. Metagenome-Assembled Genomes From Pyropia haitanensis Microbiome Provide Insights Into the Potential Metabolic Functions to the Seaweed. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:857901. [PMID: 35401438 PMCID: PMC8984609 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.857901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyropia is an economically important edible red alga worldwide. The aquaculture industry and Pyropia production have grown considerably in recent decades. Microbial communities inhabit the algal surface and produce a variety of compounds that can influence host adaptation. Previous studies on the Pyropia microbiome were focused on the microbial components or the function of specific microbial lineages, which frequently exclude metabolic information and contained only a small fraction of the overall community. Here, we performed a genome-centric analysis to study the metabolic potential of the Pyropia haitanensis phycosphere bacteria. We reconstructed 202 unique metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) comprising all major taxa present within the P. haitanensis microbiome. The addition of MAGs to the genome tree containing all publicly available Pyropia-associated microorganisms increased the phylogenetic diversity by 50% within the bacteria. Metabolic reconstruction of the MAGs showed functional redundancy across taxa for pathways including nitrate reduction, taurine metabolism, organophosphorus, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate degradation, auxin, and vitamin B12 synthesis. Some microbial functions, such as auxin and vitamin B12 synthesis, that were previously assigned to a few Pyropia-associated microorganisms were distributed across the diverse epiphytic taxa. Other metabolic pathways, such as ammonia oxidation, denitrification, and sulfide oxidation, were confined to specific keystone taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xianghai Tang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhaolan Mo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, China
| | - Yunxiang Mao
- Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Tropical Marine Bioresource (Ministry of Education), College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, China
- Yazhou Bay Innovation Research Institute, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Tropical Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, China
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5
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Zhang Y, Zheng L, Wang S, Zhao Y, Xu X, Han B, Hu T. Quorum Sensing Bacteria in the Phycosphere of HAB Microalgae and Their Ecological Functions Related to Cross-Kingdom Interactions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010163. [PMID: 35010421 PMCID: PMC8750903 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
It has been proven that the relationship between microalgae and bacteria affects the dynamic process of harmful algal blooms (HABs). Microalgae-associated microorganisms widely exist in the phycosphere and play an essential role in algae-bacteria cross-kingdom interactions. Among these processes, quorum sensing (QS), as a communication system of bacteria, is thought to participate in algae-bacteria interactions. However, the species of QS bacteria in the phycosphere and their ecological function are still unknown. In this study, microalgae-associated microorganisms with a QS system were screened by the biosensor method and identified based on 16S rRNA gene analysis. The types and number of acyl-L-homoserine lactone (AHL) signalling molecules produced by QS bacteria were analysed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) bioautography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The film formation, β-dimethylmercaptopropionic (DMSP) degradation and algae growth effects of QS bacteria were investigated. The results showed that 113 QS bacteria were isolated from 842 microalgae-associated bacteria. Detection of AHL molecules in 10 different species of QS bacteria showed that most of them were N-(3-Oxodecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (OC10-HSL), N-Octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C8-HSL) and N-(3-Oxooctanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (OC8-HSL). All 10 QS bacteria had film-forming ability, and they could degrade DMSP (except strain E26). The crude metabolic extracts of the 10 QS bacteria can inhibit or promote microalgae growth to different degrees. Our study is helpful to understand the role of microalgae-associated microorganisms with the QS system in algae-bacteria interactions and community succession of HAB microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchao Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Li Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China; (S.W.); (X.X.); (T.H.)
- Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology Pilot, Functional Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao 266071, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Shuai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China; (S.W.); (X.X.); (T.H.)
| | - Yangguo Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China; (S.W.); (X.X.); (T.H.)
| | - Bin Han
- Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology Pilot, Functional Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Tianyi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China; (S.W.); (X.X.); (T.H.)
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6
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Vesty EF, Whitbread AL, Needs S, Tanko W, Jones K, Halliday N, Ghaderiardakani F, Liu X, Cámara M, Coates JC. Cross-kingdom signalling regulates spore germination in the moss Physcomitrella patens. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2614. [PMID: 32054953 PMCID: PMC7018845 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59467-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants live in close association with microorganisms that can have beneficial or detrimental effects. The activity of bacteria in association with flowering plants has been extensively analysed. Bacteria use quorum-sensing as a way of monitoring their population density and interacting with their environment. A key group of quorum sensing molecules in Gram-negative bacteria are the N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs), which are known to affect the growth and development of both flowering plants, including crops, and marine algae. Thus, AHLs have potentially important roles in agriculture and aquaculture. Nothing is known about the effects of AHLs on the earliest-diverging land plants, thus the evolution of AHL-mediated bacterial-plant/algal interactions is unknown. In this paper, we show that AHLs can affect spore germination in a representative of the earliest plants on land, the Bryophyte moss Physcomitrella patens. Furthermore, we demonstrate that sporophytes of some wild isolates of Physcomitrella patens are associated with AHL-producing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor F Vesty
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.,University Centre Shrewsbury, Guildhall, Frankwell Quay, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, UK
| | - Amy L Whitbread
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Sarah Needs
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.,School of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, Open University, Walton Hall, Kents Hill, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Wesal Tanko
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kirsty Jones
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nigel Halliday
- National Biofilm Innovations Centre, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Xiaoguang Liu
- National Biofilm Innovations Centre, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK.,Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Miguel Cámara
- National Biofilm Innovations Centre, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Juliet C Coates
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.
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7
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Dobretsov S, Rittschof D. Love at First Taste: Induction of Larval Settlement by Marine Microbes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030731. [PMID: 31979128 PMCID: PMC7036896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine biofilms are composed of many species of bacteria, unicellular algae, and protozoa. Biofilms can induce, inhibit, or have no effect on settlement of larvae and spores of algae. In this review, we focus on induction of larval settlement by marine bacteria and unicellular eukaryotes and review publications from 2010 to September 2019. This review provides insights from meta-analysis on what is known about the effect of marine biofilms on larval settlement. Of great interest is the impact of different components of marine biofilms, such as bacteria and diatoms, extracellular polymeric substances, quorum sensing signals, unique inductive compounds, exoenzymes, and structural protein degradation products on larval settlement and metamorphosis. Molecular aspects of larval settlement and impact of climate change are reviewed and, finally, potential areas of future investigations are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Dobretsov
- Centre of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoud 123 P.O. Box 50, Muscat 123, Oman
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoud 123 P.O. Box 34, Muscat 123, Oman
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniel Rittschof
- Marine Science and Conservation, Marine Laboratory, Nicholas School, Duke University, 135 Duke Marine Lab Road, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA;
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Freire I, Gutner-Hoch E, Muras A, Benayahu Y, Otero A. The effect of bacteria on planula-larvae settlement and metamorphosis in the octocoral Rhytisma fulvum fulvum. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223214. [PMID: 31568517 PMCID: PMC6768449 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
While increasing evidence supports a key role of bacteria in coral larvae settlement and development, the relative importance of environmentally-acquired versus vertically-transferred bacterial population is not clear. Here we have attempted to elucidate the role of post-brooding-acquired bacteria on the development of planula-larvae of the octocoral Rhytisma f. fulvum, in an in vitro cultivation system employing different types of filtered (FSW) and autoclaved (ASW) seawater and with the addition of native bacteria. A good development of larvae was obtained in polystyrene 6-well cell culture plates in the absence of natural reef substrata, achieving a 60–80% of larvae entering metamorphosis after 32 days, even in bacteria-free seawater, indicating that the bacteria acquired during the brooding period are sufficient to support planulae development. No significant difference in planulae attachment and development was observed when using 0.45 μm or 0.22 μm FSW, although autoclaving the 0.45 μm FSW negatively affected larval development, indicating the presence of beneficial bacteria. Autoclaving the different FSW homogenized the development of the larvae among the different treatments. The addition of bacterial strains isolated from the different FSW did not cause any significant effect on planulae development, although some specific strains of the genus Alteromonas seem to be beneficial for larvae development. Light was beneficial for planulae development after day 20, although no Symbiodinium cells could be observed, indicating either that light acts as a positive cue for larval development or the presence of beneficial phototrophic bacteria in the coral microbiome. The feasibility of obtaining advanced metamorphosed larvae in sterilized water provides an invaluable tool for studying the physiological role of the bacterial symbionts in the coral holobiont and the specificity of bacteria-coral interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Freire
- Instituto de Acuicultura and Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Edificio CIBUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, SPAIN
| | - Eldad Gutner-Hoch
- School of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel–Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Andrea Muras
- Instituto de Acuicultura and Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Edificio CIBUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, SPAIN
| | - Yehuda Benayahu
- Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences, Eilat, Israel
| | - Ana Otero
- Instituto de Acuicultura and Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Edificio CIBUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, SPAIN
- * E-mail:
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9
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Antunes J, Leão P, Vasconcelos V. Marine biofilms: diversity of communities and of chemical cues. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2019; 11:287-305. [PMID: 30246474 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Surfaces immersed in seawater are rapidly colonized by various microorganisms, resulting in the formation of heterogenic marine biofilms. These communities are known to influence the settlement of algae spores and invertebrate larvae, triggering a succession of fouling events, with significant environmental and economic impacts. This review covers recent research regarding the differences in composition of biofilms isolated from different artificial surface types and the influence of environmental factors on their formation. One particular phenomenon - bacterial quorum sensing (QS) - allows bacteria to coordinate swarming, biofilm formation among other phenomena. Some other marine biofilm chemical cues are believed to modulate the settlement and the succession of macrofouling organisms, and they are also reviewed here. Finally, since the formation of a marine biofilm is considered to be an initial, QS-dependent step in the development of marine fouling events, QS inhibition is discussed on its potential as a tool for antibiofouling control in marine settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Antunes
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 4069-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Leão
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 4069-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 4069-007, Porto, Portugal
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10
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Zhang B, Guo Y, Lens PNL, Zhang Z, Shi W, Cui F, Tay JH. Effect of light intensity on the characteristics of algal-bacterial granular sludge and the role of N-acyl-homoserine lactone in the granulation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 659:372-383. [PMID: 30599356 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The effects of light intensity on the development of algal-bacterial granular sludge (ABGS) were investigated over a period of 12 weeks. The ABGS developed at low light intensity (142 ± 10 μmol m-2·s-1) exhibited excellent settling ability (SVI30 of 30.9 mL/g), COD and TN removal efficiencies (97.6% and 60.4%, respectively). High light intensity (316 ± 12 μmol m-2·s-1) accelerated granular biomass growth (5.3 g/L) and enhanced the TP removal efficiency (83.7%). Extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) analysis revealed that low light intensity induced more large weight distribution protein production (9-12 kDa and 50-150 kDa), predominantly tryptophan and aromatic proteins. Furthermore, N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) with a side chain ≤ C10 were commonly shared in the ABGS, and the ABGS developed at low light intensity had a higher C6- and 3OC8-HSL content, which effectively promoted the biofilm formation. The add-back studies showed that the AHLs facilitated the regulation of EPS synthesis. Statistical analysis indicated that the AHLs content had a close correlation with the EPS production, the 50th percentile of the particle size distribution and microbial community assembly, suggesting that AHLs-mediated quorum sensing have an important ecological role in EPS expression and algal-bacterial granulation. Overall, this study describes the ABGS development at different light intensities and the mechanisms of ABGS formation treating synthetic domestic wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Yuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Piet N L Lens
- UNESCO-IHE, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Wenxin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China; College of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Fuyi Cui
- College of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Joo Hwa Tay
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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11
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Lian J, Wijffels RH, Smidt H, Sipkema D. The effect of the algal microbiome on industrial production of microalgae. Microb Biotechnol 2018; 11:806-818. [PMID: 29978601 PMCID: PMC6116740 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbes are ubiquitously distributed, and they are also present in algae production systems. The algal microbiome is a pivotal part of the alga holobiont and has a key role in modulating algal populations in nature. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the role of bacteria in artificial systems ranging from laboratory flasks to industrial ponds. Coexisting microorganisms, and predominantly bacteria, are often regarded as contaminants in algal research, but recent studies manifested that many algal symbionts not only promote algal growth but also offer advantages in downstream processing. Because of the high expectations for microalgae in a bio‐based economy, better understanding of benefits and risks of algal–microbial associations is important for the algae industry. Reducing production cost may be through applying specific bacteria to enhance algae growth at large scale as well as through preventing the growth of a broad spectrum of algal pathogens. In this review, we highlight the latest studies of algae–microbial interactions and their underlying mechanisms, discuss advantages of large‐scale algal–bacterial cocultivation and extend such knowledge to a broad range of biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lian
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rene H Wijffels
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, N-8049, Bodø, Norway
| | - Hauke Smidt
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Detmer Sipkema
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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12
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Muras A, López-Pérez M, Mayer C, Parga A, Amaro-Blanco J, Otero A. High Prevalence of Quorum-Sensing and Quorum-Quenching Activity among Cultivable Bacteria and Metagenomic Sequences in the Mediterranean Sea. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:E100. [PMID: 29462892 PMCID: PMC5852596 DOI: 10.3390/genes9020100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence being accumulated regarding the importance of N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHL)-mediated quorum-sensing (QS) and quorum-quenching (QQ) processes in the marine environment, but in most cases, data has been obtained from specific microhabitats, and subsequently little is known regarding these activities in free-living marine bacteria. The QS and QQ activities among 605 bacterial isolates obtained at 90 and 2000 m depths in the Mediterranean Sea were analyzed. Additionally, putative QS and QQ sequences were searched in metagenomic data obtained at different depths (15-2000 m) at the same sampling site. The number of AHL producers was higher in the 90 m sample (37.66%) than in the 2000 m sample (4.01%). However, the presence of QQ enzymatic activity was 1.63-fold higher in the 2000 m sample. The analysis of putative QQ enzymes in the metagenomes supports the relevance of QQ processes in the deepest samples, found in cultivable bacteria. Despite the unavoidable biases in the cultivation methods and biosensor assays and the possible promiscuous activity of the QQ enzymes retrieved in the metagenomic analysis, the results indicate that AHL-related QS and QQ processes could be common activity in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Muras
- Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Facultade de Bioloxía-CIBUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain.
| | - Mario López-Pérez
- Evolutionary Genomics Group, División de Microbiología, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante 03202, Spain.
| | - Celia Mayer
- Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Facultade de Bioloxía-CIBUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain.
| | - Ana Parga
- Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Facultade de Bioloxía-CIBUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain.
| | - Jaime Amaro-Blanco
- Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Facultade de Bioloxía-CIBUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain.
| | - Ana Otero
- Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Facultade de Bioloxía-CIBUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain.
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13
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Xie X, He Z, Hu X, Yin H, Liu X, Yang Y. Large-scale seaweed cultivation diverges water and sediment microbial communities in the coast of Nan'ao Island, South China Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 598:97-108. [PMID: 28437776 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Seaweed cultivation not only provides economy benefits, but also remediates the environment contaminated by mariculture of animals (e.g., fish, shrimps). However, the response of microbial communities to seaweed cultivation is poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the diversity, composition, and structure of water and sediment microbial communities at a seaweed, Gracilaria lemaneiformis, cultivation zone and a control zone near Nan'ao Island, South China Sea by MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons. We found that large-scale cultivation of G. lemaneiformis increased dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH but decreased inorganic nutrients, possibly due to nutrient uptake, photosynthesis and other physiological processes of G. lemaneiformis. These environmental changes significantly (adonis, P<0.05) shifted the microbial community composition and structure of both water column and sediment samples in the G. lemaneiformis cultivation zone, compared to the control zone. Also, certain microbial taxa associated with seaweed, such as Arenibacter, Croceitalea, Glaciecola, Leucothrix and Maribacter were enriched at the cultivation zone. In addition, we have proposed a conceptual model to summarize the results in this study and guide future studies on relationships among seaweed processes, microbial communities and their environments. Thus, this study not only provides new insights into our understanding the effect of G. lemaneiformis cultivation on microbial communities, but also guides future studies on coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfei Xie
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Zhili He
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiome Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Hu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaqun Yin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xueduan Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yufeng Yang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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14
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Thompson SEM, Coates JC. Surface sensing and stress-signalling in Ulva and fouling diatoms - potential targets for antifouling: a review. BIOFOULING 2017; 33:410-432. [PMID: 28508711 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2017.1319473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the underlying signalling pathways that enable fouling algae to sense and respond to surfaces is essential in the design of environmentally friendly coatings. Both the green alga Ulva and diverse diatoms are important ecologically and economically as they are persistent biofoulers. Ulva spores exhibit rapid secretion, allowing them to adhere quickly and permanently to a ship, whilst diatoms secrete an abundance of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which are highly adaptable to different environmental conditions. There is evidence, now supported by molecular data, for complex calcium and nitric oxide (NO) signalling pathways in both Ulva and diatoms being involved in surface sensing and/or adhesion. Moreover, adaptation to stress has profound effects on the biofouling capability of both types of organism. Targets for future antifouling coatings based on surface sensing are discussed, with an emphasis on pursuing NO-releasing coatings as a potentially universal antifouling strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliet C Coates
- a School of Biosciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
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15
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Kimyon Ö, Ulutürk ZI, Nizalapur S, Lee M, Kutty SK, Beckmann S, Kumar N, Manefield M. N-Acetylglucosamine Inhibits LuxR, LasR and CviR Based Quorum Sensing Regulated Gene Expression Levels. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1313. [PMID: 27602027 PMCID: PMC4993992 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
N-acetyl glucosamine, the monomer of chitin, is an abundant source of carbon and nitrogen in nature as it is the main component and breakdown product of many structural polymers. Some bacteria use N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone (AHL) mediated quorum sensing (QS) to regulate chitinase production in order to catalyze the cleavage of chitin polymers into water soluble N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (NAG) monomers. In this study, the impact of NAG on QS activities of LuxR, LasR, and CviR regulated gene expression was investigated by examining the effect of NAG on QS regulated green fluorescent protein (GFP), violacein and extracellular chitinase expression. It was discovered that NAG inhibits AHL dependent gene transcription in AHL reporter strains within the range of 50-80% reduction at low millimolar concentrations (0.25-5 mM). Evidence is presented supporting a role for both competitive inhibition at the AHL binding site of LuxR type transcriptional regulators and catabolite repression. Further, this study shows that NAG down-regulates CviR induced violacein production while simultaneously up-regulating CviR dependent extracellular enzymes, suggesting that an unknown NAG dependent regulatory component influences phenotype expression. The quorum sensing inhibiting activity of NAG also adds to the list of compounds with known quorum sensing inhibiting activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Önder Kimyon
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Zehra I Ulutürk
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | | | - Matthew Lee
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Samuel K Kutty
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Sabrina Beckmann
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Mike Manefield
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW, Australia
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16
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Liu YC, Chan KG, Chang CY. Modulation of Host Biology by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Quorum Sensing Signal Molecules: Messengers or Traitors. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1226. [PMID: 26617576 PMCID: PMC4637427 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cells sense their population density and respond accordingly by producing various signal molecules to the surrounding environments thereby trigger a plethora of gene expression. This regulatory pathway is termed quorum sensing (QS). Plenty of bacterial virulence factors are controlled by QS or QS-mediated regulatory systems and QS signal molecules (QSSMs) play crucial roles in bacterial signaling transduction. Moreover, bacterial QSSMs were shown to interfere with host cell signaling and modulate host immune responses. QSSMs not only regulate the expression of bacterial virulence factors but themselves act in the modulation of host biology that can be potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chia Liu
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee Dundee, UK
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chien-Yi Chang
- Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Medical School, Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne, UK ; Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) Research Group, School of Computing Science, Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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17
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Chan KG, Liu YC, Chang CY. Inhibiting N-acyl-homoserine lactone synthesis and quenching Pseudomonas quinolone quorum sensing to attenuate virulence. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1173. [PMID: 26539190 PMCID: PMC4609879 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria sense their own population size, tune the expression of responding genes, and behave accordingly to environmental stimuli by secreting signaling molecules. This phenomenon is termed as quorum sensing (QS). By exogenously manipulating the signal transduction bacterial population behaviors could be controlled, which may be done through quorum quenching (QQ). QS related regulatory networks have been proven their involvement in regulating many virulence determinants in pathogenic bacteria in the course of infections. Interfering with QS signaling system could be a novel strategy against bacterial infections and therefore requires more understanding of their fundamental mechanisms. Here we review the development of studies specifically on the inhibition of production of N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL), a common proteobacterial QS signal. The opportunistic pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, equips the alkylquinolone (AQ)-mediated QS which also plays crucial roles in its pathogenicity. The studies in QQ targeting on AQ are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yi-Chia Liu
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee Dundee, UK
| | - Chien-Yi Chang
- Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Medical School, Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne, UK ; Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems Research Group, School of Computing Science, Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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18
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Charlesworth J, Kimyon O, Manefield M, Burns BP. Detection and characterization of N-acyl-l-homoserine lactones using GFP-based biosensors in conjunction with thin-layer chromatography. J Microbiol Methods 2015; 118:164-7. [PMID: 26407505 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Many microorganisms use quorum sensing to regulate several complex phenotypes, and this is accomplished by the release of a signal molecule(s) into the environment. N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) are a common class of signalling molecule utilized by a range of microorganisms (primarily Gram negative bacteria but most recently also archaea) and are often detected through the use of bacterial biosensors. Biosensors can be limited by both their specificity and sensitivity, and the aim of this study was to modify and improve current AHL detection strategies. The biosensor employed in the present study was Escherichia coli MT102 harbouring a plasmid containing a LuxR based biosensor, which produces green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a reporting mechanism. A new method of visualizing the GFP based biosensor overlaid on silica sheets for the purpose of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is presented. This new method vastly improves sensitivity of AHL detection by a GFP biosensor than previously reported and as such represents a powerful new tool in AHL research.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Charlesworth
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Australian Centre for Astrobiology, University of New South Wales Sydney, Australia
| | - Onder Kimyon
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael Manefield
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brendan P Burns
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Australian Centre for Astrobiology, University of New South Wales Sydney, Australia.
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19
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Martín-Rodríguez AJ, Ticona JC, Jiménez IA, Flores N, Fernández JJ, Bazzocchi IL. Flavonoids from Piper delineatum modulate quorum-sensing-regulated phenotypes in Vibrio harveyi. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 117:98-106. [PMID: 26070141 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS), or bacterial cell-to-cell communication, is a key process for bacterial colonization of substrata through biofilm formation, infections, and production of virulence factors. In an ongoing investigation of bioactive secondary metabolites from Piper species, four new flavonoids (1-4), along with five known ones (5-9) were isolated from the leaves of Piper delineatum. Their stereostructures were established by spectroscopic and spectrometric methods, including 1D and 2D NMR experiments, and comparison with data reported in the literature. The compounds were screened for their ability to interfere with QS signaling in the bacterial model Vibrio harveyi. Four compounds from this series (2, 3, 6, and 7) exhibited remarkable activity in the micromolar range, being compounds 3 and 7 particularly attractive since they did not affect bacterial growth. The results suggest that these flavonoids disrupt QS-mediated bioluminescence by interaction with elements downstream LuxO in the QS circuit of V. harveyi, and also, they exhibited a strong dose-dependent inhibition of biofilm formation. The present findings shed light on the QS inhibition mechanisms of flavonoids, underlining their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto J Martín-Rodríguez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Plataforma Oceánica de Canarias (PLOCAN), Carretera de Taliarte s/n, 35214 Telde, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Juan C Ticona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco Bioquímicas, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, Avenida. Saavedra 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Ignacio A Jiménez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ninoska Flores
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco Bioquímicas, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, Avenida. Saavedra 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - José J Fernández
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Isabel L Bazzocchi
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
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20
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Nakajima N, Ohki K, Kamiya M. Defense mechanisms of sargassacean species against the epiphytic red alga Neosiphonia harveyi. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2015; 51:695-705. [PMID: 26986791 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Flora diversity and abundance of epiphytes are specific to their basiphyte species and may relate to variations in the defensive abilities of basiphytes. Thus, investigating the interactions between epiphytes and basiphytes is useful for a better understanding of the biological impact of epiphytism and the survival strategies of basiphytes. We examined the epiphyte density on five sargassacean species at six locations between two study sites, which showed that the epiphytic red alga Neosiphonia harveyi was remarkably less abundant on Sargassum siliquastrum at all locations. To assess its defense mechanism against N. harveyi, we performed bioassays of phlorotannins, which are considered effective in deterring fouling, by culturing sargassacean blades with N. harveyi carpospores and observed the process by which sargassacean blades remove epiphytes. When the carpospores were incubated with various concentrations of dissolved phlorotannins, settlement and germination were inhibited only at the highest concentrations (>0.1 g · L(-1) ), and this effect did not significantly differ among the five sargassacean species. When the carpospores were combined with blades from the five species, many of the spores attached and germinated on every blade. Because N. harveyi penetrated rhizoids into basiphyte tissues, cuticle peeling observed in all five sargassacean species could not remove this epiphyte after germination. However, in S. siliquastrum, the blade tissues around the germlings became swollen and disintegrative, and were removed together with the germlings. The spores normally grew on the dead blades, suggesting that the tissue degradation of S. siliquastrum is triggered by the infection of N. harveyi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noboru Nakajima
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Obama, Fukui, 917-0003, Japan
| | - Kaori Ohki
- Faculty of Marine Bioscience, Fukui Prefectural University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Obama, Fukui, 917-0003, Japan
| | - Mitsunobu Kamiya
- Faculty of Marine Bioscience, Fukui Prefectural University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Obama, Fukui, 917-0003, Japan
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21
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Exploring the potential of algae/bacteria interactions. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2015; 33:125-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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22
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From broad-spectrum biocides to quorum sensing disruptors and mussel repellents: antifouling profile of alkyl triphenylphosphonium salts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123652. [PMID: 25897858 PMCID: PMC4405350 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
'Onium' compounds, including ammonium and phosphonium salts, have been employed as antiseptics and disinfectants. These cationic biocides have been incorporated into multiple materials, principally to avoid bacterial attachment. In this work, we selected 20 alkyl-triphenylphosphonium salts, differing mainly in the length and functionalization of their alkyl chains, in fulfilment of two main objectives: 1) to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the antifouling profile of these molecules with relevant marine fouling organisms; and 2) to shed new light on their potential applications, beyond their classic use as broad-spectrum biocides. In this regard, we demonstrate for the first time that these compounds are also able to act as non-toxic quorum sensing disruptors in two different bacterial models (Chromobacterium violaceum and Vibrio harveyi) as well as repellents in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. In addition, their inhibitory activity on a fouling-relevant enzymatic model (tyrosinase) is characterized. An analysis of the structure-activity relationships of these compounds for antifouling purposes is provided, which may result useful in the design of targeted antifouling solutions with these molecules. Altogether, the findings reported herein provide a different perspective on the biological activities of phosphonium compounds that is particularly focused on, but, as the reader will realize, is not limited to their use as antifouling agents.
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Wichard T. Exploring bacteria-induced growth and morphogenesis in the green macroalga order Ulvales (Chlorophyta). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:86. [PMID: 25784916 PMCID: PMC4347444 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Green macroalgae, such as Ulvales, lose their typical morphology completely when grown under axenic conditions or in the absence of the appropriate microbiome. As a result, slow growing aberrant phenotypes or even callus-like morphotypes are observed in Ulvales. The cross-kingdom interactions between marine algae and microorganisms are hence not only restricted by the exchange of macronutrients, including vitamins and nutrients, but also by infochemicals such as bacterial morphogenetic compounds. The latter are a fundamental trait mediating the mutualism within the chemosphere where the organisms interact with each other via compounds in their surroundings. Approximately 60 years ago, pilot studies demonstrated that certain bacteria promote growth, whereas other bacteria induce morphogenesis; this is particularly true for the order of Ulvales. However, only slow progress was made towards the underlying mechanism due to the complexity of, for example, algal cultivation techniques, and the lack of standardized experiments in the laboratory. A breakthrough in this research was the discovery of the morphogenetic compound thallusin, which was isolated from an epiphytic bacterium and induces normal germination restoring the foliaceous morphotypes of Monostroma. Owing to the low concentration, the purification and structure elucidation of highly biologically active morphogenetic compounds are still challenging. Recently, it was found that only the combination of two specific bacteria from the Rhodobacteraceae and Flavobacteriaceae can completely recover the growth and morphogenesis of axenic Ulva mutabilis cultures forming a symbiotic tripartite community by chemical communication. This review combines literature detailing evidences of bacteria-induced morphogenesis in Ulvales. A set of standardized experimental approaches is further proposed for the preparation of axenic algal tissues, bacteria isolation, co-cultivation experiments, and the analysis of the chemosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wichard
- *Correspondence: Thomas Wichard, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Jena School for Microbial Communication, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstr. 8, Jena 07743, Germany e-mail:
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Inhibition of bacterial quorum sensing by extracts from aquatic fungi: first report from marine endophytes. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:5503-26. [PMID: 25415350 PMCID: PMC4245542 DOI: 10.3390/md12115503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In our search for quorum-sensing (QS) disrupting molecules, 75 fungal isolates were recovered from reef organisms (endophytes), saline lakes and mangrove rhizosphere. Their QS inhibitory activity was evaluated in Chromobacterium violaceum CVO26. Four strains of endophytic fungi stood out for their potent activity at concentrations from 500 to 50 μg mL−1. The molecular characterization, based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequences (ITS1, 5.8S and ITS2) between the rRNA of 18S and 28S, identified these strains as belonging to four genera: Sarocladium (LAEE06), Fusarium (LAEE13), Epicoccum (LAEE14), and Khuskia (LAEE21). Interestingly, three came from coral species and two of them came from the same organism, the coral Diploria strigosa. Metabolic profiles obtained by Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS) suggest that a combination of fungal secondary metabolites and fatty acids could be the responsible for the observed activities. The LC-HRMS analysis also revealed the presence of potentially new secondary metabolites. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first report of QS inhibition by marine endophytic fungi.
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Martín-Rodríguez AJ, González-Orive A, Hernández-Creus A, Morales A, Dorta-Guerra R, Norte M, Martín VS, Fernández JJ. On the influence of the culture conditions in bacterial antifouling bioassays and biofilm properties: Shewanella algae, a case study. BMC Microbiol 2014; 14:102. [PMID: 24755232 PMCID: PMC4021068 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-14-102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A variety of conditions (culture media, inocula, incubation temperatures) are employed in antifouling tests with marine bacteria. Shewanella algae was selected as model organism to evaluate the effect of these parameters on: bacterial growth, biofilm formation, the activity of model antifoulants, and the development and nanomechanical properties of the biofilms. The main objectives were: 1) To highlight and quantify the effect of these conditions on relevant parameters for antifouling studies: biofilm morphology, thickness, roughness, surface coverage, elasticity and adhesion forces. 2) To establish and characterise in detail a biofilm model with a relevant marine strain. Results Both the medium and the temperature significantly influenced the total cell densities and biofilm biomasses in 24-hour cultures. Likewise, the IC50 of three antifouling standards (TBTO, tralopyril and zinc pyrithione) was significantly affected by the medium and the initial cell density. Four media (Marine Broth, MB; 2% NaCl Mueller-Hinton Broth, MH2; Luria Marine Broth, LMB; and Supplemented Artificial Seawater, SASW) were selected to explore their effect on the morphological and nanomechanical properties of 24-h biofilms. Two biofilm growth patterns were observed: a clear trend to vertical development, with varying thickness and surface coverage in MB, LMB and SASW, and a horizontal, relatively thin film in MH2. The Atomic Force Microscopy analysis showed the lowest Young modulii for MB (0.16 ± 0.10 MPa), followed by SASW (0.19 ± 0.09 MPa), LMB (0.22 ± 0.13 MPa) and MH2 (0.34 ± 0.16 MPa). Adhesion forces followed an inverted trend, being higher in MB (1.33 ± 0.38 nN) and lower in MH2 (0.73 ± 0.29 nN). Conclusions All the parameters significantly affected the ability of S. algae to grow and form biofilms, as well as the activity of antifouling molecules. A detailed study has been carried out in order to establish a biofilm model for further assays. The morphology and nanomechanics of S. algae biofilms were markedly influenced by the nutritional environments in which they were developed. As strategies for biofilm formation inhibition and biofilm detachment are of particular interest in antifouling research, the present findings also highlight the need for a careful selection of the assay conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto J Martín-Rodríguez
- Institute for Bio-Organic Chemistry "Antonio González", Center for Biomedical Research of the Canary Islands (CIBICAN), University of La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, La Laguna, Tenerife 38206, Spain.
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Singh RP, Reddy CRK. Seaweed-microbial interactions: key functions of seaweed-associated bacteria. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2014; 88:213-30. [PMID: 24512602 DOI: 10.1111/1574-6941.12297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweed-associated bacteria play a crucial role in morphogenesis and growth of seaweeds (macroalgae) in direct and/or indirect ways. Bacterial communities belonging to the phyla Proteobacteria and Firmicutes are generally the most abundant on seaweed surfaces. Associated bacterial communities produce plant growth-promoting substances, quorum sensing signalling molecules, bioactive compounds and other effective molecules that are responsible for normal morphology, development and growth of seaweeds. Also, bioactive molecules of associated bacteria determine the presence of other bacterial strains on seaweeds and protect the host from harmful entities present in the pelagic realm. The ecological functions of cross-domain signalling between seaweeds and bacteria have been reported as liberation of carpospores in the red seaweeds and settlement of zoospores in the green seaweeds. In the present review, the role of extracellular polymeric substances in growth and settlement of seaweeds spores is also highlighted. To elucidate the functional roles of associated bacteria and the molecular mechanisms underlying reported ecological phenomena in seaweeds requires a combined ecological, microbiological and biochemical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Pal Singh
- Discipline of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India; Department of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
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