1
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Yose P, Thondhlana G, Fraser G. Conceptualizing the socio-cultural impacts of marine plastic pollution on human well-being - A perspective. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115285. [PMID: 37459770 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Marine plastic pollution is one of the major environmental problems globally, with adverse impacts on human well-being but socio-cultural impacts remain poorly conceptualized and little understudied. This perspective paper argues for a more nuanced understanding of the socio-cultural dimensions of impacts beyond direct and quantitatively measured impacts. The paper provides a working definition of and a conceptual framework for categorizing the socio-cultural impacts of marine plastic pollution. It also highlights three dimensions of socio-cultural impacts (lifestyle, mental health, and cultural and heritage impacts), and characterizes and suggests ways socio-cultural impacts can be assessed and recognized. The paper is meant to provoke productive debate and policy and management options for addressing the impacts of marine plastic pollution in socially meaningful and equitable ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Papama Yose
- Department of Environmental Science, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Gladman Thondhlana
- Department of Environmental Science, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa.
| | - Gavin Fraser
- Department of Economics and Economic History, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
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2
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Jensen EA, Reed M, Jensen AM, Gerber A. Evidence-based research impact praxis: Integrating scholarship and practice to ensure research benefits society. OPEN RESEARCH EUROPE 2023; 1:137. [PMID: 38406384 PMCID: PMC10884597 DOI: 10.12688/openreseurope.14205.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Effective research impact development is essential to address global challenges. This commentary highlights key issues facing research impact development as a nascent professional field of practice. We argue that those working on research impact should take a strategic, 'evidence-based' approach to maximize potential research benefits and minimize potential harms. We identify key features of evidence-based good practice in the context of research impact work. This includes integrating relevant research and theory into professional decision-making, drawing on a diversity of academic disciplines offering pertinent insights. Such an integration of scholarship and practice will improve the capacity of research impact work to make a positive difference for society. Moving the focus of research impact work to earlier stages in the research and innovation process through stakeholder engagement and anticipatory research can also boost its effectiveness. The research impact evidence base should be combined with the right kind of professional capacities and practical experience to enhance positive impact. Such capacities need to be developed through relevant education and training, for example, in participatory methods and social inclusion. Such training for research impact work needs to forge strong links between research impact scholarship and practice. Finally, there is a need for improvements in the evidence base for research impact to make it more practically useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A. Jensen
- SRUC Aberdeen, Ferguson Building, Craibstone Estate, Bucksburn, Scotland, AB21 9YA, UK
- Institute for Methods Innovation, Arcata, USA
| | - Mark Reed
- SRUC Aberdeen, Ferguson Building, Craibstone Estate, Bucksburn, Scotland, AB21 9YA, UK
| | | | - Alexander Gerber
- Institute for Science and Innovation Communication, Briener Str 25, Kleve, 47533, Germany
- Rhine-Waal University, Marie Curie Str 1, Kleve, 47533, Germany
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3
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Pienkowski T, Kiik L, Catalano A, Hazenbosch M, Izquierdo-Tort S, Khanyari M, Kutty R, Martins C, Nash F, Saif O, Sandbrook C. Recognizing reflexivity among conservation practitioners. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2023; 37:e14022. [PMID: 36285608 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.14022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
When deciding how to conserve biodiversity, practitioners navigate diverse missions, sometimes conflicting approaches, and uncertain trade-offs. These choices are based not only on evidence, funders' priorities, stakeholders' interests, and policies, but also on practitioners' personal experiences, backgrounds, and values. Calls for greater reflexivity-an individual or group's ability to examine themselves in relation to their actions and interactions with others-have appeared in the conservation science literature. But what role does reflexivity play in conservation practice? We explored how self-reflection can shape how individuals and groups conserve nature. To provide examples of reflexivity in conservation practice, we conducted a year-long series of workshop discussions and online exchanges. During these, we examined cases from the peer-reviewed and gray literature, our own experiences, and conversations with 10 experts. Reflexivity among practitioners spanned individual and collective levels and informal and formal settings. Reflexivity also encompassed diverse themes, including practitioners' values, emotional struggles, social identities, training, cultural backgrounds, and experiences of success and failure. Reflexive processes also have limitations, dangers, and costs. Informal and institutionalized reflexivity requires allocation of limited time and resources, can be hard to put into practice, and alone cannot solve conservation challenges. Yet, when intentionally undertaken, reflexive processes might be integrated into adaptive management cycles at multiple points, helping conservation practitioners better reach their goals. Reflexivity could also play a more transformative role in conservation by motivating practitioners to reevaluate their goals and methods entirely. Reflexivity might help the conservation movement imagine and thus work toward a better world for wildlife, people, and the conservation sector itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Pienkowski
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Conservation Science, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Laur Kiik
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Conservation Science, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Tokyo College, The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- School of Anthropology & Museum Ethnography, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Mirjam Hazenbosch
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Conservation Science, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Santiago Izquierdo-Tort
- Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Munib Khanyari
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Conservation Science, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nature Conservation Foundation, Mysore, India
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Roshni Kutty
- Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Claudia Martins
- Institute for the Conservation of Neotropical Carnivores, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fleur Nash
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Omar Saif
- School of GeoSciences, Institute of Geography, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Chris Sandbrook
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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4
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Edelblutte É, Krithivasan R, Hayek MN. Animal agency in wildlife conservation and management. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2023; 37:e13853. [PMID: 35262968 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wildlife conservation and management (WCM) practices have been historically drawn from a wide variety of academic fields, yet practitioners have been slow to engage with emerging conversations about animals as complex beings, whose individuality and sociality influence their relationships with humans. We propose an explicit acknowledgement of wild, nonhuman animals as active participants in WCM. We examined 190 studies of WCM interventions and outcomes to highlight 3 common assumptions that underpin many present approaches to WCM: animal behaviors are rigid and homogeneous; wildlife exhibit idealized wild behavior and prefer pristine habitats; and human-wildlife relationships are of marginal or secondary importance relative to nonhuman interactions. We found that these management interventions insufficiently considered animal learning, decision-making, individuality, sociality, and relationships with humans and led to unanticipated detrimental outcomes. To address these shortcomings, we synthesized theoretical advances in animal behavioral sciences, animal geographies, and animal legal theory that may help conservation professionals reconceptualize animals and their relationships with humans. Based on advances in these fields, we constructed the concept of animal agency, which we define as the ability of animals to actively influence conservation and management outcomes through their adaptive, context-specific, and complex behaviors that are predicated on their sentience, individuality, lived experiences, cognition, sociality, and cultures in ways that shape and reshape shared human-wildlife cultures, spaces, and histories. Conservation practices, such as compassionate conservation, convivial conservation, and ecological justice, incorporate facets of animal agency. Animal agency can be incorporated in conservation problem-solving by assessing the ways in which agency contributes to species' survival and by encouraging more adaptive and collaborative decision-making among human and nonhuman stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Émilie Edelblutte
- Earth and Environment Department, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Roopa Krithivasan
- Graduate School of Geography, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew Nassif Hayek
- Department of Environmental Studies, New York University, New York, New York, USA
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5
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Thomas‐Walters L, McCallum J, Montgomery R, Petros C, Wan AKY, Veríssimo D. Systematic review of conservation interventions to promote voluntary behavior change. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2023; 37:e14000. [PMID: 36073364 PMCID: PMC10108067 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.14000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding human behavior is vital to developing interventions that effectively lead to proenvironmental behavior change, whether the focus is at the individual or societal level. However, interventions in many fields have historically lacked robust forms of evaluation, which makes it hard to be confident that these conservation interventions have successfully helped protect the environment. We conducted a systematic review to assess how effective nonpecuniary and nonregulatory interventions have been in changing environmental behavior. We applied the Office of Health Assessment and Translation systematic review methodology. We started with more than 300,000 papers and reports returned by our search terms and after critical appraisal of quality identified 128 individual studies that merited inclusion in the review. We classified interventions by thematic area, type of intervention, the number of times audiences were exposed to interventions, and the length of time interventions ran. Most studies reported a positive effect (n = 96). The next most common outcome was no effect (n = 28). Few studies reported negative (n = 1) or mixed (n = 3) effects. Education, prompts, and feedback interventions resulted in positive behavior change. Combining multiple interventions was the most effective. Neither exposure duration nor frequency affected the likelihood of desired behavioral change. Comparatively few studies tested the effects of voluntary interventions on non-Western populations (n = 17) or measured actual ecological outcome behavior (n = 1). Similarly, few studies examined conservation devices (e.g., energy-efficient stoves) (n = 9) and demonstrations (e.g., modeling the desired behavior) (n = 5). There is a clear need to both improve the quality of the impact evaluation conducted and the reporting standards for intervention results.
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6
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Dando TR, Crowley SL, Young RP, Carter SP, McDonald RA. Social feasibility assessments in conservation translocations. Trends Ecol Evol 2022; 38:459-472. [PMID: 36567154 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Improving the effectiveness of conservation translocations could contribute to reversing global biodiversity loss. Although evaluations of ecological factors affecting translocation outcomes are commonplace, consideration of human social factors remains rare, hindering improvements to this conservation practice. We analysed 550 translocation case studies to explore the inclusion of social factors in project feasibility assessments. Reviewed projects often failed to assess social feasibility, and assessments, where attempted, tended to be narrow in scope. Consequently, challenges such as proactively addressing conflict often remained unaddressed. Insufficient knowledge sharing and prioritisation of ecological feasibility, to the detriment of social feasibility, remain barriers to effective planning. Successful outcomes of translocations are linked to early assessment of social feasibility and to the establishment of long-term commitments between people, places, and partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Dando
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn TR10 9EZ, Cornwall, UK.
| | - Sarah L Crowley
- Centre for Geography and Environmental Science, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn TR10 9EZ, Cornwall, UK
| | - Richard P Young
- Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, Les Augrès Manor, Trinity, Jersey JE3 5BP, Channel Islands
| | - Stephen P Carter
- Vincent Wildlife Trust, 3 and 4 Bronsil Courtyard, Eastnor, Ledbury HR8 1EP, Herefordshire, UK
| | - Robbie A McDonald
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn TR10 9EZ, Cornwall, UK.
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7
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Rice WS. Identifying and developing effective post-2020 conservation bridging leaders. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2022; 36:e13980. [PMID: 35929582 PMCID: PMC10092307 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Effective bridging leaders interact within and outside their group to facilitate collaboration required in multistakeholder contexts. This is particularly crucial to community-based conservation interventions that strive to achieve both ecological and social objectives by actively engaging or devolving decision-making and management authority to local communities. Although a viable approach in many contexts, achieving "unprecedented collaboration" called for by the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework in community-based conservation is problematic given the multiple and diverse actors affecting and affected by these interventions. Therefore, effective leadership becomes crucial to implementing necessary strategies to engage actors and resolve conflict inclusively. Yet, weak leadership commonly constrains these interventions. I reviewed relevant literature and devised a framework of effective bridging leadership characteristics. I then used this framework to appraise bridging leadership in two African coastal-marine community-based conservation cases. I employed social network analysis and semistructured and group interviews in the two cases. Several local leaders emerged as key (potential) bridging leaders. Furthermore, I found that effective bridging leaders require not only legal recognition but also perceived legitimacy resulting from building trust with other actors. Additionally, the inclusive collaboration required multiple sources of emotionally intelligent bridging leaders with the integrity, humility, empathy, and cultural awareness necessary to mitigate elite capture, effectively communicate, and empower and provide support to others. Because emotional intelligence in conservation leadership remains a knowledge gap, particularly in community-based conservation research, insights from this study should be useful to diverse conservation actors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Stanley Rice
- Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research (AISSR)University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Environmental and Geographical SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
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8
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Galla SJ, Mittan-Moreau CS, Barbosa S. Capturing conservation in the post-genomics era: a book review of “Conservation and Genomics of Populations.”. CONSERV GENET 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-022-01481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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9
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Information needed for coastal management: perceptions of research and protection of shorebirds on a coastal beach are influenced by visitor type, age and gender. Urban Ecosyst 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-022-01282-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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10
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Early‐Capistrán MM, Solana‐Arellano E, Abreu‐Grobois FA, Garibay‐Melo G, Seminoff JA, Sáenz‐Arroyo A, Narchi NE. Integrating local ecological knowledge, ecological monitoring, and computer simulation to evaluate conservation outcomes. Conserv Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle María Early‐Capistrán
- Departamento de Ecología Marina Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada Ensenada Baja California México
| | - Elena Solana‐Arellano
- Departamento de Ecología Marina Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada Ensenada Baja California México
| | - F. Alberto Abreu‐Grobois
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mazatlán Sinaloa México
| | | | | | - Andrea Sáenz‐Arroyo
- Departamento de Conservación de la Biodiversidad. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR) San Cristóbal de Las Casas Chiapas México
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3) de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), CDMX México
| | - Nemer E. Narchi
- CoLaboratorio de Oceanografía Social/Centro de Estudios de Geografía Humana El Colegio de Michoacán—Sede La Piedad La Piedad Michoacán Mexico
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11
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Rice WS. Exploring common dialectical tensions constraining collaborative communication required for post-2020 conservation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 316:115187. [PMID: 35561492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Contemporary conservation requires improved collaboration characterized by greater recognition and incorporation of multiple and diverse actors. Effective communication is central to this endeavour. However, the expression of concerns, perspectives, and the exchange of knowledge between actors and across multiple scales (i.e., collaborative communication), must navigate inevitable competing systems of meaning and motivation (i.e., dialectical tensions). Yet, a lack of understanding of how to improve collaborative communication within conservation interventions persists within the literature. Consequently, this paper reviews relevant literature to propose a framework that identifies common sources of dialectical tensions in collaborative conservation interventions that if managed effectively can improve required collaborative communication. The framework is then revised based on interviews conducted with 277 respondents in three African coastal-marine collaborative conservation interventions. Findings reinforce the effect of continued marginalization of certain actors' 'voices' within governance processes. More specifically, enabling collaborative communication requires managing several identified institutional-, agenda-, cultural-, and perception-based tensions. In particular, tensions emerging from formal-informal institutional interactions; gender-based exclusion; conflicting livelihood-ecological and economic-environmental agendas, and project-funder objectives; between indigenous/local-scientific knowledge and values; and perceived necessary-acceptable change. Furthermore, specific local-scale tensions identified included those associated with local-customary institutions; democratic-meritocratically elected local representatives; and exclusion based on cultural diversity. Consequently, these tensions require the 'co-creation' of communicative strategies amongst all actors to promote greater social equity that better aligns with local priorities to achieve 'positive' post-2020 ecological and social outcomes. Findings should be relevant to diverse conservation actors, and many others working within multi-stakeholder environmental interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Stanley Rice
- Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
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12
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Gregg EA, Kidd LR, Bekessy SA, Martin JK, Robinson JA, Garrard GE. Ethical considerations for conservation messaging research and practice. PEOPLE AND NATURE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emily A. Gregg
- ICON Science, School of Global, Urban, and Social Studies RMIT University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Lindall R. Kidd
- ICON Science, School of Global, Urban, and Social Studies RMIT University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Sarah A. Bekessy
- ICON Science, School of Global, Urban, and Social Studies RMIT University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Jen K. Martin
- School of BioSciences The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | | | - Georgia E. Garrard
- ICON Science, School of Global, Urban, and Social Studies RMIT University Melbourne Victoria Australia
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
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13
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McKinley E, Kelly R, Mackay M, Shellock R, Cvitanovic C, van Putten I. Development and expansion in the marine social sciences: Insights from the global community. iScience 2022; 25:104735. [PMID: 35942098 PMCID: PMC9356031 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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14
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Clark DA, Brook RK, Doney E. Recommendations for improving peer review of qualitative research in conservation journals. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2022; 36:e13823. [PMID: 34476835 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas A Clark
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ryan K Brook
- College of Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ethan Doney
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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15
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Raatikainen KJ, Purhonen J, Pohjanmies T, Peura M, Nieminen E, Mustajärvi L, Helle I, Shennan‐Farpón Y, Ahti PA, Basile M, Bernardo N, Bertram MG, Bouarakia O, Brias‐Guinart A, Fijen T, Froidevaux JSP, Hemmingmoore H, Hocevar S, Kendall L, Lampinen J, Marjakangas E, Martin JM, Oomen RA, Segre H, Sidemo‐Holm W, Silva AP, Thorbjørnsen SH, Torrents‐Ticó M, Zhang D, Ziemacki J. Pathways towards a sustainable future envisioned by early‐career conservation researchers. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa J. Raatikainen
- Department of Geography and Geology, Geography Section University of Turku Turku Finland
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science & School of Resource Wisdom University of Jyvaskyla Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Jenna Purhonen
- Department of Music, Art and Cultural Studies, Department of Biological and Environmental Science & School of Resource Wisdom University of Jyvaskyla Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Tähti Pohjanmies
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science & School of Resource Wisdom University of Jyvaskyla Jyväskylä Finland
- Natural Resources Institute Finland Helsinki Finland
| | - Maiju Peura
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science & School of Resource Wisdom University of Jyvaskyla Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Eini Nieminen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science & School of Resource Wisdom University of Jyvaskyla Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Linda Mustajärvi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science & School of Resource Wisdom University of Jyvaskyla Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Ilona Helle
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science & School of Resource Wisdom University of Jyvaskyla Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Yara Shennan‐Farpón
- ZSL Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London London UK
- UCL Department of Anthropology University College London London UK
| | - Pauliina A. Ahti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science & School of Resource Wisdom University of Jyvaskyla Jyväskylä Finland
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow Glasgow UK
| | - Marco Basile
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL Birmensdorf Switzerland
- Swiss Ornithological Institute Sempach Switzerland
- Chair of Wildlife Ecology and Management University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | | | - Michael G. Bertram
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Umeå Sweden
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Oussama Bouarakia
- SARChI Chair on Biodiversity Value and Change University of Venda Thohoyandou South Africa
- Laboratory Biodiversity Ecology Genome, Research Center BIOBIO, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University in Rabat Rabat Morocco
- Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité, MNHN, CNRS Sorbonne Université Paris France
| | - Aina Brias‐Guinart
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Science & Faculty of Social Sciences, Global Change and Conservation Lab University of Helsinki, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science Helsinki Finland
| | - Thijs Fijen
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Jérémy S. P. Froidevaux
- Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Stirling, Biological and Environmental Sciences Stirling UK
- University of Bristol, School of Biological Sciences Bristol UK
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO, UMR 7204) CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne‐Université, Station marine Concarneau France
- Dynafor, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, INP‐EI Purpan Castanet‐Tolosan France
| | - Heather Hemmingmoore
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Riddarhyttan Sweden
| | - Sara Hocevar
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science & School of Resource Wisdom University of Jyvaskyla Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Liam Kendall
- Centre for Environmental and Climate Science Lund University Lund Sweden
- University of New England, School of Environmental and Rural Science Armidale NSW Australia
| | - Jussi Lampinen
- Department of Biology & Biodiversity Research Unit University of Turku Turku Finland
| | - Emma‐Liina Marjakangas
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway
- The Helsinki Lab of Ornithology, Finnish Museum of Natural History University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Jake M. Martin
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Rebekah A. Oomen
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- Centre for Coastal Research, Department of Natural Sciences University of Agder Kristiansand Norway
- Department of Biology Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Hila Segre
- Human and Biodiversity Research Lab, Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
| | | | - André P. Silva
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolutionary Biology Centre Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | | | - Miquel Torrents‐Ticó
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Science & Faculty of Social Sciences, Global Change and Conservation Lab University of Helsinki, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science Helsinki Finland
| | - Di Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University Beijing China
| | - Jasmin Ziemacki
- Center for Development Research University of Bonn Bonn Germany
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16
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Ma H, Papworth SK, Ge T, Wu X, Yu C, Zhang H, Turvey ST. Local Awareness and Interpretations of Species Extinction in a Rural Chinese Biodiversity Hotspot. FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2021.689561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Incorporating local perspectives is fundamental to evidence-based conservation, for both understanding complex socio-ecological systems and implementing appropriate management interventions. How local communities understand extinction, and whether these views affect perceptions of biodiversity loss and the effect of anthropogenic activities, has rarely been evaluated explicitly in conservation projects. To target this data gap, we conducted 185 interviews to assess levels and patterns of understanding about wildlife decline and extinction in rural communities around Bawangling National Nature Reserve, Hainan, China, a priority conservation site that has experienced recent species losses. Interviewees showed varying awareness of declines and extirpation of local wildlife species. Two-thirds did not consider the permanent disappearance of wildlife to be possible; among those who did, only one-third could comprehend the scientific term “extinction.” Thinking extinction is possible was associated with identifying declined and extirpated species, but not with perceiving locally-driven human activities, such as hunting, as the reason for wildlife loss. The government was seen as the entity most responsible for conservation. Variation found around local perceptions of extinction, its drivers, and conservation responsibility demonstrates that comprehension of key conservation concepts should not be assumed to be homogenous, highlighting the challenge of transposing scientific concepts between different social and cultural settings. Proactively incorporating local perspectives and worldviews, especially by obtaining context-specific baseline understandings, has major implications for other contexts worldwide and should inform conservation planning and management.
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Colvin RM, Witt GB, Lacey J. Power, perspective, and privilege: The challenge of translating stakeholder theory from business management to environmental and natural resource management. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 271:110974. [PMID: 32579526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Stakeholder analysis and engagement is a central tenet for understanding and solving sustainability challenges, and is applied widely in environmental and natural resource management (ENRM). The practice in ENRM follows translation of stakeholder theory from its origins in business management to the sustainability sector. In this analytical essay we explore key concepts in ENRM research and practice to examine complexities that have accompanied this translation to ENRM. In particular, we consider the centrality of stakeholders' landscape perspectives in defining their stake in ENRM issues, and through this lens examine the limitations that are inherent in the classic 'hub-and-spoke' model of stakeholder analysis that is the theoretical underpinning for ENRM stakeholder analysis and engagement practice. We argue that unlike the traditional business context where both power and perspective are centred on the business entity that then defines other stakeholders in reference to itself, in ENRM, stakeholder relations are centred on an ENRM issue, typically a landscape or the implications of policy change on a landscape. As a consequence, decision-making power is decentred onto one of several stakeholders; often a government or other high power entity, implicitly conferring privilege to those powerful stakeholders' landscape perspectives over those held by low power stakeholders. We conclude with priorities for foregrounding power and explicating landscape perspectives to identify privilege in ENRM. We direct these insights especially to those ENRM actors who have the dual roles of adjudicator and privileged stakeholder such that they do not inadvertently perpetuate power imbalances through the privilege of aligning their decision-making power with their landscape perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Colvin
- Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University, J.G. Crawford Building #132, Acton, ACT, 2602, Australia.
| | - G Bradd Witt
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, Chamberlain Building #35, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Justine Lacey
- Responsible Innovation Future Science Platform, Commonwealth Scientific and Industry Research Organisation (CSIRO), Dutton Park, QLD, 4102, Australia.
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Early-Capistrán MM, Solana-Arellano E, Abreu-Grobois FA, Narchi NE, Garibay-Melo G, Seminoff JA, Koch V, Saenz-Arroyo A. Quantifying local ecological knowledge to model historical abundance of long-lived, heavily-exploited fauna. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9494. [PMID: 32742788 PMCID: PMC7377249 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Deriving robust historical population trends for long-lived species subject to human exploitation is challenging in scenarios where long-term scientific data are scarce or unavailable, as often occurs for species affected by small-scale fisheries and subsistence hunting. The importance of Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK) in data-poor scenarios is increasingly recognized in conservation, both in terms of uncovering historical trends and for engaging community stewardship of historic information. Building on previous work in marine historical ecology and local ecological knowledge, we propose a mixed socio-ecological framework to reliably document and quantify LEK to reconstruct historical population trends. Our method can be adapted by interdisciplinary teams to study various long-lived taxa with a history of human use. We demonstrate the validity of our approach by reconstructing long-term abundance data for the heavily-exploited East Pacific green turtle (Chelonia mydas) in Baja California, Mexico, which was driven to near extinction by a largely unregulated fishery from the early 1950s to the 1980s. No scientific baseline abundance data were available for this time-frame because recent biological surveys started in 1995 after all green turtle fisheries in the area were closed. To fill this data gap, we documented LEK among local fishers using ethnographic methods and obtained verified, qualitative data to understand the socio-environmental complexity of the green turtle fishery. We then established an iterative framework to synthesize and quantify LEK using generalized linear models (GLMs) and nonlinear regression (NLR) to generate a standardized, LEK-derived catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) time-series. CPUE is an index of abundance that is compatible with contemporary scientific survey data. We confirmed the accuracy of LEK-derived CPUE estimates via comparisons with fisheries statistics available for 1962–1982. We then modeled LEK-derived abundance trends prior to 1995 using NLR. Our model established baseline abundance and described historical declines, revealing that the most critical (exponential) decline occurred between 1960 and 1980. This robust integration of LEK data with ecological science is of critical value for conservation and management, as it contributes to a holistic view of a species’ historic and contemporary conservation status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Solana-Arellano
- Departamento de Ecología Marina, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - F Alberto Abreu-Grobois
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología - Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Nemer E Narchi
- CoLaboratorio de Oceanografía Social/Centro de Estudios de Geografía Humana, El Colegio de Michoacán - Sede La Piedad, La Piedad, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Garibay-Melo
- Posgrado en Manejo de Ecosistemas de Zonas Áridas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | | | - Volker Koch
- Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, Bonn, Germany, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Saenz-Arroyo
- Departamento de Conservación de la Biodiversidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), San Cristobal de las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico
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Meijaard E, Santika T, Wilson KA, Budiharta S, Kusworo A, Law EA, Friedman R, Hutabarat JA, Indrawan TP, Sherman J, St. John FAV, Struebig MJ. Toward improved impact evaluation of community forest management in Indonesia. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Meijaard
- Borneo Futures Bandar Seri Begawan Brunei Darussalam
- School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland Brisbane Australia
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), School of Anthropology and Conservation University of Kent Canterbury UK
| | - Truly Santika
- Borneo Futures Bandar Seri Begawan Brunei Darussalam
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), School of Anthropology and Conservation University of Kent Canterbury UK
| | - Kerrie A. Wilson
- School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland Brisbane Australia
- Institute for Future Environments Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia
| | - Sugeng Budiharta
- School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland Brisbane Australia
- Purwodadi Botanic Garden Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Pasuruan Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Kusworo
- Fauna & Flora International – Indonesia Programme Jakarta Indonesia
- The Nature Conservancy – Indonesia Program Jakarta Indonesia
| | - Elizabeth A. Law
- School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland Brisbane Australia
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA) Trondheim Norway
| | - Rachel Friedman
- School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland Brisbane Australia
| | | | | | - Julie Sherman
- Borneo Futures Bandar Seri Begawan Brunei Darussalam
- Wildlife Impact Portland Oregon
| | - Freya A. V. St. John
- School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography Bangor University Bangor Wales UK
| | - Matthew J. Struebig
- Borneo Futures Bandar Seri Begawan Brunei Darussalam
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), School of Anthropology and Conservation University of Kent Canterbury UK
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20
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Conservation and the social sciences: Beyond critique and co‐optation. A case study from orangutan conservation. PEOPLE AND NATURE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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21
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Martin VY. Four Common Problems In Environmental Social Research Undertaken by Natural Scientists. Bioscience 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biz128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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22
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Jones JPG, Thomas‐Walters L, Rust NA, Veríssimo D. Nature documentaries and saving nature: Reflections on the new Netflix series Our Planet. PEOPLE AND NATURE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julia P. G. Jones
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Bangor University Bangor UK
| | | | - Niki A. Rust
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle UK
| | - Diogo Veríssimo
- Oxford Martin School University of Oxford Oxford UK
- Department of Zoology University of Oxford Oxford UK
- Institute for Conservation Research San Diego Zoo Global San Diego CA USA
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Moon K, Adams VM, Cooke B. Shared personal reflections on the need to broaden the scope of conservation social science. PEOPLE AND NATURE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Katie Moon
- Public Service Research Group, School of Business University of New South Wales Canberra ACT Australia
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Vanessa M. Adams
- Discipline of Geography and Spatial Sciences, School of Technology, Environments, and Design University of Tasmania Hobart TAS Australia
| | - Benjamin Cooke
- Centre for Urban Research, School of Global, Urban and Social Studies RMIT University Melbourne Vic. Australia
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Mukherjee N, Rose DC, Everard M, Geneletti D, Sutherland WJ. Response to Expanding the role of social science in conservation through an engagement with philosophy, methodology and methods. Methods Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nibedita Mukherjee
- Department of Zoology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation; College of Life and Environmental Sciences; University of Exeter; Exeter UK
| | - David C. Rose
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - Mark Everard
- Department of Geography and Environmental Management; University of the West of England; Bristol UK
| | - Davide Geneletti
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering; University of Trento; Trento Italy
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