1
|
Zhou P, Peng S, Wen S, Lan Q, Zhuang Y, Li X, Shi M, Zhang C. The Cerebellum-Ventral Tegmental Area Microcircuit and Its Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Narrative Review. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2024; 20:2039-2048. [PMID: 39494383 PMCID: PMC11531233 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s485487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The cerebellum has long been implicated in the etiopathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and emerging evidence suggests a significant contribution by reciprocal neural circuits between the cerebellum and ventral tegmental area (VTA) in symptom expression. This review provides a concise overview of morphological and functional alterations in the cerebellum and VTA associated with ASD symptoms, primarily focusing on human studies while also integrating mechanistic insights from animal models. We propose that cerebello-VTA circuit dysfunctional is a major contributor to ASD symptoms and that these circuits are promising targets for drugs and therapeutic brain stimulation methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiling Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Education for Special Needs Children & School of Educational Sciences, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sizhe Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Education for Special Needs Children & School of Educational Sciences, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinghui Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Education for Special Needs Children & School of Educational Sciences, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingyin Zhuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Education for Special Needs Children & School of Educational Sciences, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuyan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Education for Special Needs Children & School of Educational Sciences, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengliang Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Education for Special Needs Children & School of Educational Sciences, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, People’s Republic of China
- School of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changzheng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Education for Special Needs Children & School of Educational Sciences, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Manto M, Adamaszek M, Apps R, Carlson E, Guarque-Chabrera J, Heleven E, Kakei S, Khodakhah K, Kuo SH, Lin CYR, Joshua M, Miquel M, Mitoma H, Larry N, Péron JA, Pickford J, Schutter DJLG, Singh MK, Tan T, Tanaka H, Tsai P, Van Overwalle F, Yamashiro K. Consensus Paper: Cerebellum and Reward. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:2169-2192. [PMID: 38769243 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-024-01702-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Cerebellum is a key-structure for the modulation of motor, cognitive, social and affective functions, contributing to automatic behaviours through interactions with the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia and spinal cord. The predictive mechanisms used by the cerebellum cover not only sensorimotor functions but also reward-related tasks. Cerebellar circuits appear to encode temporal difference error and reward prediction error. From a chemical standpoint, cerebellar catecholamines modulate the rate of cerebellar-based cognitive learning, and mediate cerebellar contributions during complex behaviours. Reward processing and its associated emotions are tuned by the cerebellum which operates as a controller of adaptive homeostatic processes based on interoceptive and exteroceptive inputs. Lobules VI-VII/areas of the vermis are candidate regions for the cortico-subcortical signaling pathways associated with loss aversion and reward sensitivity, together with other nodes of the limbic circuitry. There is growing evidence that the cerebellum works as a hub of regional dysconnectivity across all mood states and that mental disorders involve the cerebellar circuitry, including mood and addiction disorders, and impaired eating behaviors where the cerebellum might be involved in longer time scales of prediction as compared to motor operations. Cerebellar patients exhibit aberrant social behaviour, showing aberrant impulsivity/compulsivity. The cerebellum is a master-piece of reward mechanisms, together with the striatum, ventral tegmental area (VTA) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Critically, studies on reward processing reinforce our view that a fundamental role of the cerebellum is to construct internal models, perform predictions on the impact of future behaviour and compare what is predicted and what actually occurs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Manto
- Service de Neurologie, Médiathèque Jean Jacquy, CHU-Charleroi, 6000, Charleroi, Belgium.
- Service Des Neurosciences, Université de Mons, 7000, Mons, Belgium.
- Unité Des Ataxies Cérébelleuses, CHU-Charleroi, Service Des Neurosciences, University of Mons, 7000, Mons, Belgium.
| | - Michael Adamaszek
- Department of Clinical and Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Klinik Bavaria Kreischa, 01731, Kreischa, Germany
| | - Richard Apps
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Erik Carlson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
| | - Julian Guarque-Chabrera
- Área de Psicobiología, Facultat de Ciències de La Salut, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón de La Plana, Spain
- Dominick Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Elien Heleven
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Shinji Kakei
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Jissen Women's University, Tokyo, 191-8510, Japan
| | - Kamran Khodakhah
- Dominick Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Sheng-Han Kuo
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Initiative of Columbia Ataxia and Tremor, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Chi-Ying R Lin
- Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, 77030 TX, USA
- Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, 77030 TX, USA
| | - Mati Joshua
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Marta Miquel
- Área de Psicobiología, Facultat de Ciències de La Salut, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón de La Plana, Spain
- Dominick Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Hiroshi Mitoma
- Department of Medical Education, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan
| | - Noga Larry
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Julie Anne Péron
- Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jasmine Pickford
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Dennis J L G Schutter
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Manpreet K Singh
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis, 2230 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Tommy Tan
- Department of Neurology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
| | - Hirokazu Tanaka
- Faculty of Information Technology, Tokyo City University, Tokyo, 158-8557, Japan
| | - Peter Tsai
- Department of Neurology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
- Departments of Neuroscience, Pediatrics, Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
| | - Frank Van Overwalle
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kunihiko Yamashiro
- Department of Neurology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ge F, Wang Z, Yu W, Yuan X, Cai Q, Wang G, Li X, Xu X, Yang P, Fan Y, Chang J, Guan X. Activating Lobule VI PC TH+-Med Pathway in Cerebellum Blocks the Acquisition of Methamphetamine Conditioned Place Preference in Mice. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1312232024. [PMID: 38331582 PMCID: PMC10941241 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1312-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerebellum has been implicated in drug addiction; however, its underlying cellular populations and neuronal circuitry remain largely unknown. In the current study, we identified a neural pathway from tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive Purkinje cells (PCTH+) in cerebellar lobule VI to calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)-positive glutamatergic neurons in the medial cerebellar nucleus (MedCaMKII), forming the lobule VI PCTH+-MedCaMKII pathway in male mice. In naive male mice, inhibition of PCTH+ neurons activated Med neurons. During conditioned place preference (CPP) training, exposure to methamphetamine (METH) inhibited lobule VI PCTH+ neurons while excited MedCaMKII neurons in mice. Silencing MedCaMKII using a tetanus toxin light chain (tettox) suppressed the acquisition of METH CPP in mice but resulted in motor coordination deficits in naive mice. In contrast, activating lobule VI PCTH+ terminals within Med inhibited the activity of Med neurons and subsequently blocked the acquisition of METH CPP in mice without affecting motor coordination, locomotor activity, and sucrose reinforcements in naive mice. Our findings identified a novel lobule VI PCTH+-MedCaMKII pathway within the cerebellum and explored its role in mediating the acquisition of METH-preferred behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Ge
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zilin Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wen Yu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiya Yuan
- The first Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qinglong Cai
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guanxiong Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xing Xu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiasong Chang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaowei Guan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zamudio PA, Gioia D, Glaser C, Woodward JJ. Chemogenetic Perturbation of the Posterior But Not Anterior Cerebellum Reduces Voluntary Ethanol Consumption. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0037-23.2023. [PMID: 37679043 PMCID: PMC10512884 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0037-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The cerebellum communicates with brain areas critically involved in control of goal-directed behaviors including the prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices and midbrain and basal ganglia structures. In particular, the posterior cerebellum is important for cognitive flexibility and has been implicated in alcohol and drug-related memory. We hypothesized that the cerebellum, through its multiple connections to reward-related brain circuitry, regulates alcohol consumption. To test this, we expressed inhibitory designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) in molecular layer interneurons (MLIs) in anterior (IV-V) or posterior (VI-VIII) cerebellar lobules of male and female mice and activated them during alcohol drinking sessions. In a home-cage drinking paradigm, alcohol consumption was significantly decreased by clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) or deschloroclozapine (DCZ) administration in male mice expressing DREADDs in posterior but not anterior lobules. CNO/DCZ injections did not affect drinking in DREADD expressing female mice or in male mice expressing the control vector. Activation of DREADDs expressed in anterior or posterior lobules had no effect on sucrose or quinine consumption in male or female mice. During operant self-administration sessions, DCZ decreased the number of licks and bouts in male but not female mice expressing DREADDs in posterior lobules with no effect in control vector mice. Performance on an accelerated rotarod was unaffected by chemogenetic manipulation while distance traveled in the open field was decreased by DREADD activation in anterior but not posterior lobules. These results indicate that neuronal activity within the posterior cerebellar cortex plays an important role in the control of alcohol consumption in male mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula A Zamudio
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Dominic Gioia
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Christina Glaser
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - John J Woodward
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Melchor-Eixea I, Guarque-Chabrera J, Sanchez-Hernandez A, Ibáñez-Marín P, Pastor R, Miquel M. Putting forward a model for the role of the cerebellum in cocaine-induced pavlovian memory. Front Syst Neurosci 2023; 17:1154014. [PMID: 37388941 PMCID: PMC10303950 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2023.1154014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Substance Use Disorder (SUD) involves emotional, cognitive, and motivational dysfunction. Long-lasting molecular and structural changes in brain regions functionally and anatomically linked to the cerebellum, such as the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, basal ganglia, and ventral tegmental area, are characteristic of SUD. Direct and indirect reciprocal connectivity between the cerebellum and these brain regions can explain cerebellar roles in Pavlovian and reinforcement learning, fear memory, and executive functions. It is increasingly clear that the cerebellum modulates brain functions altered in SUD and other neuropsychiatric disorders that exhibit comorbidity with SUD. In the present manuscript, we review and discuss this evidence and present new research exploring the role of the cerebellum in cocaine-induced conditioned memory using chemogenetic tools (designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drug, DREADDs). Our preliminary data showed that inactivation of a region that includes the interposed and lateral deep cerebellar nuclei reduces the facilitating effect of a posterior vermis lesion on cocaine-induced preference conditioning. These findings support our previous research and suggest that posterior vermis damage may increase drug impact on the addiction circuitry by regulating activity in the DCN. However, they raise further questions that will also be discussed.
Collapse
|
6
|
Rodríguez-Borillo O, Roselló-Jiménez L, Guarque-Chabrera J, Palau-Batet M, Gil-Miravet I, Pastor R, Miquel M, Font L. Neural correlates of cocaine-induced conditioned place preference in the posterior cerebellar cortex. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1174189. [PMID: 37179684 PMCID: PMC10169591 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1174189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Addictive drugs are potent neuropharmacological agents capable of inducing long-lasting changes in learning and memory neurocircuitry. With repeated use, contexts and cues associated with consumption can acquire motivational and reinforcing properties of abused drugs, triggering drug craving and relapse. Neuroplasticity underlying drug-induced memories takes place in prefrontal-limbic-striatal networks. Recent evidence suggests that the cerebellum is also involved in the circuitry responsible for drug-induced conditioning. In rodents, preference for cocaine-associated olfactory cues has been shown to correlate with increased activity at the apical part of the granular cell layer in the posterior vermis (lobules VIII and IX). It is important to determine if the cerebellum's role in drug conditioning is a general phenomenon or is limited to a particular sensory modality. Methods The present study evaluated the role of the posterior cerebellum (lobules VIII and IX), together with the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), ventral tegmental area (VTA), and nucleus accumbens (NAc) using a cocaine-induced conditioned place preference procedure with tactile cues. Cocaine CPP was tested using ascending (3, 6, 12, and 24 mg/kg) doses of cocaine in mice. Results Compared to control groups (Unpaired and Saline animals), Paired mice were able to show a preference for the cues associated with cocaine. Increased activation (cFos expression) of the posterior cerebellum was found in cocaine CPP groups and showed a positive correlation with CPP levels. Such increases in cFos activity in the posterior cerebellum significantly correlated with cFos expression in the mPFC. Discussion Our data suggest that the dorsal region of the cerebellum could be an important part of the network that mediates cocaine-conditioned behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Julian Guarque-Chabrera
- Área de Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - María Palau-Batet
- Área de Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Isis Gil-Miravet
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Raúl Pastor
- Área de Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Marta Miquel
- Área de Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Laura Font
- Área de Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yoshida J, Oñate M, Khatami L, Vera J, Nadim F, Khodakhah K. Cerebellar Contributions to the Basal Ganglia Influence Motor Coordination, Reward Processing, and Movement Vigor. J Neurosci 2022; 42:8406-8415. [PMID: 36351826 PMCID: PMC9665921 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1535-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Both the cerebellum and the basal ganglia are known for their roles in motor control and motivated behavior. These two systems have been classically considered as independent structures that coordinate their contributions to behavior via separate cortico-thalamic loops. However, recent evidence demonstrates the presence of a rich set of direct connections between these two regions. Although there is strong evidence for connections in both directions, for brevity we limit our discussion to the better-characterized connections from the cerebellum to the basal ganglia. We review two sets of such connections: disynaptic projections through the thalamus and direct monosynaptic projections to the midbrain dopaminergic nuclei, the VTA and the SNc. In each case, we review the evidence for these pathways from anatomic tracing and physiological recordings, and discuss their potential functional roles. We present evidence that the disynaptic pathway through the thalamus is involved in motor coordination, and that its dysfunction contributes to motor deficits, such as dystonia. We then discuss how cerebellar projections to the VTA and SNc influence dopamine release in the respective targets of these nuclei: the NAc and the dorsal striatum. We argue that the cerebellar projections to the VTA may play a role in reward-based learning and therefore contribute to addictive behavior, whereas the projection to the SNc may contribute to movement vigor. Finally, we speculate how these projections may explain many of the observations that indicate a role for the cerebellum in mental disorders, such as schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Yoshida
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Maritza Oñate
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Leila Khatami
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Jorge Vera
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Farzan Nadim
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
- Department of Biological Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, 07102
| | - Kamran Khodakhah
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Guarque-Chabrera J, Sanchez-Hernandez A, Ibáñez-Marín P, Melchor-Eixea I, Miquel M. Role of Perineuronal nets in the cerebellar cortex in cocaine-induced conditioned preference, extinction, and reinstatement. Neuropharmacology 2022; 218:109210. [PMID: 35985392 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are cartilage-like structures of extracellular matrix molecules that enwrap in a net-like manner the cell-body and proximal dendrites of special subsets of neurons. PNNs stabilize their incoming connections and restrict plasticity. Consequently, they have been proposed as a candidate mechanism for drug-induced learning and memory. In the cerebellum, PNNs surround Golgi inhibitory interneurons and both inhibitory and excitatory neurons in the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN). Previous studies from the lab showed that cocaine-induced conditioned memory increased PNN expression in the granule cell layer of the posterior vermis. The present research aimed to investigate the role of cerebellar PNNs in cocaine-induced conditioned preference. For this purpose, we use the enzyme chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) to digest PNNs at different time points of the learning process to ascertain whether their removal can affect drug-induced memory. Our results show that PNN digestion using ChABC in the posterior vermis (Lobule VIII) did not affect the acquisition of cocaine-induced conditioned preference. However, the removal of PNNs in Lobule VIII -but not in the DCN- disrupted short-term memory of conditioned preference. Moreover, although PNN digestion facilitated the formation of extinction, reinstatement of cocaine-induced conditioned preference was encouraged under PNN digestion. The present findings suggests that PNNs around Golgi interneurons are needed to maintain cocaine-induced Pavlovian memory but also to stabilize extinction memory. Conversely, PNN degradation within the DCN did not affect stability of cocaine-induced memories. Therefore, degradation of PNNs in the vermis might be used as a promising tool to manipulate drug-induced memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Guarque-Chabrera
- Área de Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Facultat de Ciencies de la Salut, Avenida Vicente Sos Baynat sn, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Aitor Sanchez-Hernandez
- Área de Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Facultat de Ciencies de la Salut, Avenida Vicente Sos Baynat sn, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Patricia Ibáñez-Marín
- Área de Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Facultat de Ciencies de la Salut, Avenida Vicente Sos Baynat sn, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Ignasi Melchor-Eixea
- Área de Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Facultat de Ciencies de la Salut, Avenida Vicente Sos Baynat sn, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Marta Miquel
- Área de Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Facultat de Ciencies de la Salut, Avenida Vicente Sos Baynat sn, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Giménez-Gómez P, Ballestín R, Gil de Biedma-Elduayen L, Vidal R, Ferrer-Pérez C, Reguilón MD, O'Shea E, Miñarro J, Colado MI, Rodríguez-Arias M. Decreased kynurenine pathway potentiate resilience to social defeat effect on cocaine reward. Neuropharmacology 2021; 197:108753. [PMID: 34389399 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The kynurenine (KYN) pathway of tryptophan (TRP) degradation is activated by stress and inflammatory factors. It is now well established that social stress induces the activation of the immune system, with central inflammation and KYN metabolism being two of the main factors linking stress with depression. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the long-lasting changes in the KYN pathway induced by social defeat (SD) associated with the resilience or susceptibility to an increase in the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine. Mice were exposed to repeated SD and 3 weeks later, a conditioned place preference (CPP) induced by a subthreshold dose of cocaine (1.5 mg/kg) was developed. KYN levels in plasma, cerebellum, hippocampus, striatum and limbic forebrain were studied at the end of the CPP procedure. Changes in the KYN pathway after exposure to pharmacological (oxytocin and indomethacin) and environmental interventions (environmental enrichment) were also evaluated. Our results showed that defeated susceptible (SD-S) mice had higher conditioning scores than resilient mice (SD-R). In addition, although KYN concentration was elevated in all defeated mice, SD-R mice showed smaller increases in KYN concentration in the cerebellum than SD-S mice. Oxytocin or Indomethacin treatment before SD normalized cocaine-induced CPP, although the increase in the KYN pathway was maintained. However, environmental enrichment before SD normalized cocaine-induced CPP and prevented the increase in the KYN pathway. The present study highlights the role of the KYN pathway and anti-inflammatory drugs acting on TRP metabolism as pharmacological targets to potentiate resilience to social stress effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Giménez-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Ballestín
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Leticia Gil de Biedma-Elduayen
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Vidal
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Ferrer-Pérez
- Departmento de Psicología and Sociología, Universidad de Zaragoza, C/ Ciudad Escolar s/n, 44003, Teruel, Spain
| | - Marina D Reguilón
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Esther O'Shea
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Miñarro
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain; Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Isabel Colado
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Arias
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain; Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Flace P, Livrea P, Basile GA, Galletta D, Bizzoca A, Gennarini G, Bertino S, Branca JJV, Gulisano M, Bianconi S, Bramanti A, Anastasi G. The Cerebellar Dopaminergic System. Front Syst Neurosci 2021; 15:650614. [PMID: 34421548 PMCID: PMC8375553 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2021.650614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In the central nervous system (CNS), dopamine (DA) is involved in motor and cognitive functions. Although the cerebellum is not been considered an elective dopaminergic region, studies attributed to it a critical role in dopamine deficit-related neurological and psychiatric disorders [e.g., Parkinson's disease (PD) and schizophrenia (SCZ)]. Data on the cerebellar dopaminergic neuronal system are still lacking. Nevertheless, biochemical studies detected in the mammalians cerebellum high dopamine levels, while chemical neuroanatomy studies revealed the presence of midbrain dopaminergic afferents to the cerebellum as well as wide distribution of the dopaminergic receptor subtypes (DRD1-DRD5). The present review summarizes the data on the cerebellar dopaminergic system including its involvement in associative and projective circuits. Furthermore, this study also briefly discusses the role of the cerebellar dopaminergic system in some neurologic and psychiatric disorders and suggests its potential involvement as a target in pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Flace
- Medical School, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | | | - Gianpaolo Antonio Basile
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Diana Galletta
- Unit of Psychiatry and Psychology, Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Bizzoca
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Gennarini
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Bertino
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Gulisano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Simona Bianconi
- Physical, Rehabilitation Medicine and Sport Medicine Unit, University Hospital “G. Martino”, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessia Bramanti
- Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care IRCCS “Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo”, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Anastasi
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sanchez-Hernandez A, Nicolas C, Gil-Miravet I, Guarque-Chabrera J, Solinas M, Miquel M. Time-dependent regulation of perineuronal nets in the cerebellar cortex during abstinence of cocaine-self administration. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:1059-1068. [PMID: 33388819 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05752-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The probability of structural remodeling in brain circuits may be modulated by molecules of perineuronal nets (PNNs) that restrict neuronal plasticity to stabilize circuits. Animal research demonstrates that addictive drugs can remodel PNNs in different brain regions, including the cerebellum. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effects of short versus extended access to cocaine self-administration on PNN expression around Golgi interneurons in the cerebellar cortex after different periods of abstinence. METHODS After 1 week of training (2 h/day), Sprague-Dawley rats self-administered cocaine daily for 20 days under short (ShA) or extended (LgA) access. PNN expression in the cerebellum was assessed after 1 day, 7 days, and 28 days of forced abstinence. PNNs were immunolabeled using Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) and captured by confocal microscopy. RESULTS WFA intensity increased in PNN-bearing Golgi neurons over the abstinence period and a higher proportion of more intense PNNs were formed throughout the first month of abstinence. After the first 24 h of cocaine abstinence, however, we found a reduction in WFA intensity in the cerebellar cortex of rats with ShA to cocaine as compared to naïve animals. When comparing with naïve rats, LgA rats showed consistent PNN upregulation at 28 days of cocaine abstinence. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that cocaine self-administration produces modifications in PNN that enhance conditions for synaptic plasticity in the cerebellar cortex. These modifications are revealed shortly after the cessation of drug intake but PNNs become more intense during protracted abstinence in the LgA group, pointing to the stabilization of drug-induced synaptic changes. These findings indicate that extended access to cocaine self-administration dynamically regulates conditions for plasticity in the cerebellum during abstinence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Sanchez-Hernandez
- Área de Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Avenida Vicente Sos Baynat sn, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Celine Nicolas
- INSERM, U-1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Isis Gil-Miravet
- Área de Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Avenida Vicente Sos Baynat sn, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Julian Guarque-Chabrera
- Área de Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Avenida Vicente Sos Baynat sn, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Marcello Solinas
- INSERM, U-1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Marta Miquel
- Área de Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Avenida Vicente Sos Baynat sn, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Guilherme EM, Gianlorenço ACL. The Effects of Intravermis Cerebellar Microinjections of Dopaminergic Agents in Motor Learning and Aversive Memory Acquisition in Mice. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:628357. [PMID: 33716682 PMCID: PMC7947320 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.628357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The cerebellum receives dopaminergic innervation and expresses the five types of described dopaminergic receptors. The cerebellar function involves both motor movement and cognition, but the role of cerebellar dopaminergic system on these processes remain unclear. The present study explores the behavioral responses to intracerebellar microinjection of dopaminergic agents in motor and emotional memory. For this, naïve Swiss mice had their cerebellar vermis implanted with a guide canula, received a intravermis microinjection of Dopamine, D1-like antagonist SCH-23390 or D2-like antagonist Eticlopride, and underwent a behavioral analysis of motor learning (by a Rotarod and balance beam learning protocol) or aversive memory acquisition (by the inhibitory avoidance task). The mixed-effects analysis was used to evaluate groups performance, followed by Tukey’s post hoc when appropriated. In this study, Dopamine, SCH-23390 and Eticlopride at the doses used did not affected motor control and motor learning. In addition, the administration of Dopamine and SCH-233390 had no effects on emotional memory acquisition, but the animals that received the highest dose of Eticlopride had an improvement in aversive memory acquisition, shown by a suppression of its innate preference for the dark compartment of the inhibitory avoidance apparatus following an exposure to a foot shock. We propose that cerebellar dopaminergic D2 receptors seem to participate on the modulation of aversive memory processes, without influencing motor performance at the doses used in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn M Guilherme
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Physical Therapy, Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Anna Carolyna L Gianlorenço
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Physical Therapy, Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Miquel M, Gil-Miravet I, Guarque-Chabrera J. The Cerebellum on Cocaine. Front Syst Neurosci 2020; 14:586574. [PMID: 33192350 PMCID: PMC7641605 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2020.586574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional cerebellum’s role has been linked to the high computational demands for sensorimotor control. However, several findings have pointed to its involvement in executive and emotional functions in the last decades. First in 2009 and then, in 2016, we raised why we should consider the cerebellum when thinking about drug addiction. A decade later, mounting evidence strongly suggests the cerebellar involvement in this disorder. Nevertheless, direct evidence is still partial and related mainly to drug-induced reward memory, but recent results about cerebellar functions may provide new insights into its role in addiction. The present review does not intend to be a compelling revision on available findings, as we did in the two previous reviews. This minireview focuses on specific findings of the cerebellum’s role in drug-related reward memories and the way ahead for future research. The results discussed here provide grounds for involving the cerebellar cortex’s apical region in regulating behavior driven by drug-cue associations. They also suggest that the cerebellar cortex dysfunction may facilitate drug-induced learning by increasing glutamatergic output from the deep cerebellar nucleus (DCN) to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and neural activity in its projecting areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Miquel
- Área de Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Isis Gil-Miravet
- Área de Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|