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Umehara T, Mimori M, Kokubu T, Ozawa M, Shiraishi T, Sato T, Onda A, Matsuno H, Omoto S, Sengoku R, Murakami H, Oka H, Iguchi Y. Peripheral immune profile in drug-naïve dementia with Lewy bodies. J Neurol 2024; 271:4146-4157. [PMID: 38581545 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12336-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that peripheral inflammation is associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). We examined peripheral immune profiles and their association with clinical characteristics in patients with DLB and compared these with values in patients with PD. METHODS We analyzed peripheral blood from 93 participants (drug-naïve DLB, 31; drug-naïve PD, 31; controls, 31). Absolute leukocyte counts, absolute counts of leukocyte subpopulations, and peripheral blood inflammatory indices such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were examined. Associations with clinical characteristics, cardiac sympathetic denervation, and striatal 123I-2-carbomethoxy-3-(4-iodophenyl)-N-(3-fluoropropyl) nortropane (123I-FP-CIT) binding were also examined. RESULTS Patients with DLB had lower absolute lymphocyte and basophil counts than did age-matched controls (both; p < 0.005). Higher basophil counts were marginally associated with higher global cognition (p = 0.054) and were significantly associated with milder motor severity (p = 0.020) and higher striatal 123I-FP-CIT binding (p = 0.038). By contrast, higher basophil counts were associated with more advanced PD characterized by decreased global cognition and severe cardiac sympathetic denervation. Although lower lymphocyte counts had relevance to more advanced PD, they had little relevance to clinical characteristics in patients with DLB. Higher peripheral blood inflammatory indices were associated with lower body mass index in both DLB and PD. CONCLUSIONS As in patients with PD, the peripheral immune profile is altered in patients with DLB. Some peripheral immune cell counts and inflammatory indices reflect the degree of disease progression. These findings may deepen our knowledge on the role of peripheral inflammation in the pathogenesis of DLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Umehara
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Mimori
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Kokubu
- Department of Neurology, Katsushika Medical Center, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Ozawa
- Department of Neurology, Daisan Hospital, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Shiraishi
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan
| | - Takeo Sato
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan
| | - Asako Onda
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Matsuno
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan
| | - Shusaku Omoto
- Department of Neurology, Katsushika Medical Center, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Renpei Sengoku
- Department of Neurology, Daisan Hospital, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Murakami
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Oka
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Iguchi
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan
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Guo L, Hu H, Jiang N, Yang H, Sun X, Xia H, Ma J, Liu H. Electroacupuncture blocked motor dysfunction and gut barrier damage by modulating intestinal NLRP3 inflammasome in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30819. [PMID: 38774094 PMCID: PMC11107113 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder commonly accompanied by gut dysfunction. EA has shown anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Here, we aim to explore whether EA can treat Parkinson's disease by restoring the intestinal barrier and modulating NLRP3 inflammasome. We applied 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to establish a PD mouse model and EA at the GV16, LR3, and ST36 for 12 consecutive days. The open-field test results indicated that EA alleviated depression and behavioral defects, upregulated the expressions of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and blocked the accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) in the midbrain. Moreover, EA blocked the damage to intestinal tissues of PD mice, indicative of suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation and increased gut barrier integrity. Notably, the antibiotic-treated mouse experiment validated that the gut microbiota was critical in alleviating PD dyskinesia and intestinal inflammation by EA. In conclusion, this study suggested that EA exhibited a protective effect against MPTP-induced PD by alleviating behavioral defects, reversing the block of motor dysfunction, and improving the gut barrier by modulating intestinal NLRP3 inflammasome. Above all, this study could provide novel insights into the pathogenesis and therapy of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, China
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Haiming Hu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Huabing Yang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xiongjie Sun
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Hui Xia
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, China
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3
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Zeng J, Song H, Liu P, Xue X, Mei S, Xu B, Xing Y, Qu D, Xu E. Effect of acute levodopa challenge test on cerebral blood flow in Parkinson's disease with the supine-to-standing transcranial Doppler test. J Neurol Sci 2024; 456:122811. [PMID: 38070315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2023.122811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Levodopa, a common drug that improves symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), can induce a reduction in blood pressure (BP); however, the effect of levodopa on cerebral blood flow (CBF) remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To observe the changes in BP and CBF during active standing before and after the acute levodopa challenge test (ALCT) and analyse the influencing factors of CBF in patients with PD. METHODS BP and CBF velocity were simultaneously recorded by continuous beat-to-beat non-invasive BP monitoring and transcranial Doppler at supine and orthostatic positions twice, before and after ALCT. The patients were divided into two groups according to those with increased and decreased CBF at baseline after ALCT to analyse the influencing factors. RESULTS We examined 64 patients with PD (59.2 ± 11.6 years, 33 males). BP decreased at all timepoints after ALCT, while there was no significant change in the magnitude of the drop in BP induced by standing. CBF was reduced after ALCT, especially within 15 s to 1 min of standing (15 s: 48.95 ± 13.50 vs. 44.93 ± 13.26, p < 0.001; 30 s: 52.46 ± 12.06 vs. 50.11 ± 12.56, p = 0.033; 1 min: 52.19 ± 11.83 vs. 50.17 ± 13.21, p = 0.044). Lower body mass index (β = -0.280, p = 0.027) was an independent factor associated with CBF reduction after ALCT. CONCLUSIONS Additional attention should be paid to changes in CBF and BP within 1 min after standing in patients with PD taking levodopa, especially in those with low bodyweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrong Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haixia Song
- Department of Neurology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaofan Xue
- Department of Neurology, Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Mei
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Baolei Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingqi Xing
- Department of Vascular Ultrasonography, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dian Qu
- Department of Neurology, Harbin 242 Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Erhe Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Dos Santos JCC, Rebouças CDSM, Oliveira LF, Cardoso FDS, Nascimento TDS, Oliveira AV, Lima MPP, de Andrade GM, de Castro Brito GA, de Barros Viana GS. The role of gut-brain axis in a rotenone-induced rat model of Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 132:185-197. [PMID: 37837734 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a widespread neurodegenerative condition affecting millions globally. This investigation centered on the gut-brain axis in a rotenone-induced PD rat model. Researchers monitored behavioral shifts, histological modifications, neurodegeneration, and inflammation markers throughout the rats' bodies. Results revealed that rotenone-treated rats displayed reduced exploration (p = 0.004) and motor coordination (p < 0.001), accompanied by decreased Nissl staining and increased alpha-synuclein immunoreactivity in the striatum (p = 0.009). Additionally, these rats exhibited weight loss (T3, mean = 291.9 ± 23.67; T19, mean = 317.5 ± 17.53; p < 0.05) and substantial intestinal histological alterations, such as shortened villi, crypt architecture loss, and inflammation. In various regions, researchers noted elevated immunoreactivity to ionized binding adapter molecule (IBA)-1 (p < 0.05) and reduced immunoreactivity to glial fibrillary acidic protein (p < 0.05) and S100B (p < 0.001), indicating altered glial cell activity. Overall, these findings imply that PD is influenced by gut-brain axis changes and may originate in the intestine, impacting bidirectional gut-brain communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlio César Claudino Dos Santos
- Medical School of the Christus University Center-UNICHRISTUS, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Graduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Federal University of Ceará-UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Conceição da Silva Martins Rebouças
- Graduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Federal University of Ceará-UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Morphology Department of the Federal University of Ceará-UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Fabrizio Dos Santos Cardoso
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Hospital do Câncer de Muriaé, Fundação Cristiano Varella (FCV), Muriaé, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Alfaete Vieira Oliveira
- Physiology and Pharmacology Department of the Federal University of Ceará-UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Geanne Matos de Andrade
- Physiology and Pharmacology Department of the Federal University of Ceará-UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Gerly Anne de Castro Brito
- Morphology Department of the Federal University of Ceará-UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Physiology and Pharmacology Department of the Federal University of Ceará-UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Urso D, van Wamelen DJ, Batzu L, Leta V, Staunton J, Pineda-Pardo JA, Logroscino G, Sharma J, Ray Chaudhuri K. Clinical trajectories and biomarkers for weight variability in early Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:95. [PMID: 35918350 PMCID: PMC9345874 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00362-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Unexplained weight changes that occur in Parkinson's disease (PD), are often neglected and remain a poorly understood non-motor feature in patients with PD. A specific 'Park-weight' phenotype with low body weight has been described, and our aim was to evaluate the clinical and prognostic trajectories and biomarkers of weight variability in PD. We evaluated body weight-related biomarkers in 405 de novo PD patients and 187 healthy controls (HC) over a 5-year follow-up period from the PPMI database. Body-weight variability was defined as intra-individual variability in body weight between visits. PD patients were categorized as weight losers, gainers, or patients with stable weight. The differential progression of motor and non-motor clinical variables between groups was explored using linear mixed-effects models. Finally, we estimated longitudinal changes in weight as a function of baseline and longitudinal striatal presynaptic dopaminergic transporter imaging. PD patients presented a greater weight variability compared to HC (p = 0.003). Patients who developed weight loss had lower CSF amyloid-beta 1-42 (p = 0.009) at baseline. In addition, patients with weight loss showed a faster cognitive decline (p = 0.001), whereas patients with weight gain showed a slower motor progression (p = 0.001), compared to patients with stable weight. Baseline right striatal denervation was a predictor of weight variability in both PD patients and HC (p < 0.001). Similarly, weight variability in PD patients was associated with the progression of right striatal denervation (p < 0.001). Weight variability and specifically weight loss are more frequent in PD compared to HC, and are associated with specific motor, non-motor and cognitive progression patterns. A greater CSF amyloid burden was present at baseline in patients with subsequent weight loss. Presynaptic dopaminergic imaging in the right striatum may serve as a predictor of future weight changes in PD and HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Urso
- King's College London, Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK.
- Parkinson's Foundation Centre of Excellence, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', "Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico", Tricase, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Daniel J van Wamelen
- King's College London, Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
- Parkinson's Foundation Centre of Excellence, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Neurology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lucia Batzu
- King's College London, Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
- Parkinson's Foundation Centre of Excellence, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Valentina Leta
- King's College London, Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
- Parkinson's Foundation Centre of Excellence, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Juliet Staunton
- King's College London, Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
- Parkinson's Foundation Centre of Excellence, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - José A Pineda-Pardo
- HM CINAC. Centro Integral de Neurociencias AC. HM Hospitales. Fundación de Investigación HM Hospitales. HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giancarlo Logroscino
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', "Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico", Tricase, Lecce, Italy
| | - Jagdish Sharma
- Geriatric Medicine (Movement Disorders), Lincoln County Hospital, Lincoln, United Kingdom, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
| | - K Ray Chaudhuri
- King's College London, Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
- Parkinson's Foundation Centre of Excellence, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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6
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Stoco-Oliveira MC, Valente HB, Vanzella LM, André LB, Rodrigues MV, Vanderlei FM, Carvalho ACD, Vanderlei LCM. Does length of time since diagnosis in Parkinson's disease influence heart rate variability? A cross-sectional study. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2022; 80:593-600. [PMID: 35613209 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2021-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrinsic changes in Parkinson's disease (PD) affect the autonomic nervous system, and the disease course can aggravate the initial condition. Although the impact of time since disease onset on autonomic modulation has already been studied in other populations, this has not yet been investigated in PD. OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of the length of time since diagnosis on the cardiac autonomic modulation of individuals with PD and compare with healthy individuals. METHODS Fifty participants were divided into three groups: a control group (CG; n = 24) and two groups with PD, divided according to the median length of time since diagnosis (median = 5.5 years): below the median (PG1; n = 13) and above the median (PG2; n = 13). To evaluate cardiac autonomic modulation, heart rate was obtained beat-to-beat in the supine position over a 30-min period, and heart rate variability (HRV) indices were calculated using linear methods in the time and frequency domains. RESULTS There were no significant differences in HRV indices between the PG groups, or between the three groups regarding Mean RR, LFun, HFun and LF/HF ratio. Significant reductions in the RMSSD, SDNN, pNN50, LFms2 and HFms2 indices were observed in PG1 and PG2, compared with CG. CONCLUSIONS The cardiac autonomic modulation of individuals with PD was not influenced by the time since diagnosis. However, reduced parasympathetic and global modulation were observed in these individuals, compared with controls. These results emphasize the importance of aerobic exercise for improving autonomic modulation among individuals with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mileide Cristina Stoco-Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Presidente Prudente SP, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Balotari Valente
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Presidente Prudente SP, Brazil
| | - Laís Manata Vanzella
- University Health Network, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, East York ON, Canada
| | - Larissa Borba André
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Presidente Prudente SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Viana Rodrigues
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Presidente Prudente SP, Brazil
| | - Franciele Marques Vanderlei
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Presidente Prudente SP, Brazil
| | - Augusto Cesinando de Carvalho
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Presidente Prudente SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Presidente Prudente SP, Brazil
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7
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Ekraminasab S, Dolatshahi M, Sabahi M, Mardani M, Rashedi S. The Interactions between Adipose Tissue Secretions and Parkinson's disease; The Role of Leptin. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 55:873-891. [PMID: 34989050 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Leptin is a hormone that regulates appetite by acting on receptors in the hypothalamus, where it modifies food intake to maintain equilibrium with the body energy resources. Leptin and its receptors are widely distributed in the central nervous system, suggesting that they may give neuronal survival signals. The potential of leptin to decrease/increase neuronal damage and neuronal plasticity in Parkinson's diseases (PD) is the subject of this review, which outlines our current knowledge of how leptin acts in the brain. Although leptin-mediated neuroprotective signaling results in neuronal death prevention, it can affect neuroinflammatory cascades and also neuronal plasticity which contribute to PD pathology. Other neuroprotective molecules, such as insulin and erythropoietin, share leptin-related signaling cascades, and therefore constitute a component of the neurotrophic effects mediated by endogenous hormones. With the evidence that leptin dysregulation causes increased neuronal vulnerability to damage in PD, using leptin as a target for therapeutic modification is an appealing and realistic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ekraminasab
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,NeuroImaging Network (NIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Dolatshahi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,NeuroImaging Network (NIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadmahdi Sabahi
- NeuroImaging Network (NIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Neurosurgery Research Group (NRG), Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahta Mardani
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Rashedi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Campese N, Goebel G, Leys F, Ndayisaba JP, Eschlboeck S, Eckhardt C, Raccagni C, Granata R, Ceravolo R, Kiechl S, Seppi K, Poewe W, Wenning GK, Fanciulli A. Orthostatic Hypotension in Parkinson's Disease: Do Height and Weight Matter? Mov Disord 2021; 36:2703-2705. [PMID: 34423874 PMCID: PMC9292422 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Campese
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg Goebel
- Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Health Economics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Fabian Leys
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Sabine Eschlboeck
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christine Eckhardt
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Cecilia Raccagni
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Department of Neurology, Regional General Hospital Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Roberta Granata
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Roberto Ceravolo
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefan Kiechl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Seppi
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Werner Poewe
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gregor K Wenning
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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9
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Cossais F, Schaeffer E, Heinzel S, Zimmermann J, Niesler B, Röth R, Rappold G, Scharf A, Zorenkov D, Lange C, Barrenschee M, Margraf NG, Ellrichmann M, Berg D, Böttner M, Wedel T. Expression Profiling of Rectal Biopsies Suggests Altered Enteric Neuropathological Traits in Parkinson's Disease Patients. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2020; 11:171-176. [PMID: 33337386 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-202258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Still little is known about the nature of the gastrointestinal pathological alterations occurring in Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we used multiplexed mRNA profiling to measure the expression of a panel of 770 genes related to neuropathological processes in deep submucosal rectal biopsies of PD patients and healthy controls. Altered enteric neuropathological traits based on the expression of 22 genes related to neuroglial and mitochondrial functions, vesicle trafficking and inflammation was observed in 9 out of 12 PD patients in comparison to healthy controls. These results provide new evidences that intestinal neuropathological alterations may occur in a large proportion of PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Cossais
- Institute of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Eva Schaeffer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Heinzel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jessica Zimmermann
- Institute of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Beate Niesler
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,nCounter Core Facility, Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralph Röth
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,nCounter Core Facility, Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gudrun Rappold
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,nCounter Core Facility, Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Amelie Scharf
- Institute of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dmitri Zorenkov
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christina Lange
- Institute of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Nils G Margraf
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mark Ellrichmann
- Interdisciplinary Endoscopy, Medical Department I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniela Berg
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Martina Böttner
- Institute of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thilo Wedel
- Institute of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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10
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Wu Q, Liu M, Yu M, Fu J. Sex differences in underweight and body mass index in Chinese early de novo patients with Parkinson's disease. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01893. [PMID: 33063449 PMCID: PMC7749578 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There have been studies investigating sex differences in clinical manifestation of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, sex differences in underweight and body mass index (BMI) in de novo PD patients lacked systematic study. We aimed to compare sex differences in clinical features and related factors of underweight and BMI in Chinese de novo PD patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 253 untreated PD inpatients and 218 controls were recruited from Ningbo. BMI, demographics, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), supine and upright blood pressure, Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), homocysteine (HCY), uric acid, glycated hemoglobin, and lipid parameters were examined. Patients were assessed using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor scores and Hoehn and Yahr (HY) Rating Scale. RESULTS Female patients had a significantly lower incidence of underweight and higher BMI than male patients, and there were sex differences in serum lipids, HCY levels, and depression severity. Binary regression analysis showed that only in male patients was underweight associated with the UPDRS motor score and lower ΔSBP and ΔDBP values (all p < .05). Further multiple regression analysis indicated, in addition to the correlations between BMI and ΔSBP and ΔDBP values in both sexes (all p < .001), BMI was also associated with MoCA and lower UPDRS motor scores in male patients and lower HAMD scores in female patients. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that there are significant sex differences in the prevalence of underweight, BMI, and factors associated with underweight and BMI among de novo PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wu
- Department of Neurology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, ZheJiang, China
| | - Meizhen Liu
- Department of Neurology, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of TCM, Ningbo, ZheJiang, China
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Neurology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, ZheJiang, China
| | - Jianfei Fu
- Department of Medical Record, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, ZheJiang, China
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11
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Wu Q, Yu M, Fu J, Liu M. Prevalence, risk factors, and clinical correlations of underweight in Chinese newly diagnosed and drug-naïve patients with Parkinson's disease. Neurol Sci 2020; 42:1097-1102. [PMID: 33123924 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04861-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies have shown that patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) will experience weight loss during the progression of the illness, which suggests an increased rate of underweight. However, few studies have addressed underweight in early de novo population. This study aimed to examine the prevalence, risk factors, and clinical correlations of underweight in Chinese newly diagnosed and drug-naïve patients with PD. METHODS A total of 245 inpatients with newly diagnosed PD and 213 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls were enrolled in Ningbo. BMI, demographics, supine and upright blood pressure, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) together with fasting blood glucose, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, uric acid (UA), and homocysteine were collected in all subjects. Hoehn and Yahr (HY) rating and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor scores were also measured in patients. RESULTS Overall, 35 (14.3%) patients were underweight and 14 (6.6%) controls were underweight. Binary regression analyses showed that low MoCA (p = 0.035), ΔSBP and ΔDBP values (both p < 0.001) were risk factors for underweight. Furthermore, correlation analysis indicated that BMI was associated with HY grade, UPDRS motor, HAMA, HAMD, MoCA, ΔSBP, ΔDBP, and UA values, stepwise multiple regression revealed significant correlations between BMI and ΔSBP (p < 0.001), ΔDBP (p = 0.001), MoCA (p = 0.002), UPDRS motor (p = 0.005), and HAMD scores (p = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the prevalence of underweight was significantly higher in Chinese newly diagnosed and drug-naïve patients with PD than in the healthy population, and several clinical variables were risk factors for underweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wu
- Department of Neurology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Neurology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianfei Fu
- Department of Medical record, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meizhen Liu
- Department of Neurology, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of TCM, 819 LiYuan North Road, Haishu District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, China.
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12
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C. Gonçalves V, J. L. L. Pinheiro D, de la Rosa T, G. de Almeida AC, A. Scorza F, A. Scorza C. Propolis as A Potential Disease-Modifying Strategy in Parkinson's Disease: Cardioprotective and Neuroprotective Effects in the 6-OHDA Rat Model. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1551. [PMID: 32466610 PMCID: PMC7352297 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) manifest nonmotor and motor symptoms. Autonomic cardiovascular dysregulation is a common nonmotor manifestation associated with increased morbimortality. Conventional clinical treatment alleviates motor signs but does not change disease progression and fails in handling nonmotor features. Nutrition is a key modifiable determinant of chronic disease. This study aimed to assess the effects of propolis on cardiological features, heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) and on nigrostriatal dopaminergic damage, detected by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity, in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model of PD. Male Wistar rats were injected bilaterally with 6-OHDA or saline into the striatum and were treated with propolis or water for 40 days. Autonomic function was assessed by time domain parameters (standard deviation of all normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) and square root of the mean of the squared differences between adjacent normal RR intervals (RMSSD)) of HRV calculated from electrocardiogram recordings. Reductions in HR (p = 1.47×10-19), SDNN (p = 3.42×10-10) and RMSSD (p = 8.2×10-6) detected in parkinsonian rats were reverted by propolis. Propolis attenuated neuronal loss in the substantia nigra (p = 5.66×10-15) and reduced striatal fiber degeneration (p = 7.4×10-5) in 6-OHDA-injured rats, which also showed significant weight gain (p = 1.07×10-5) in comparison to 6-OHDA-lesioned counterparts. Propolis confers cardioprotection and neuroprotection in the 6-OHDA rat model of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria C. Gonçalves
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (D.J.L.L.P.); (T.d.l.R.); (F.A.S.)
| | - Daniel J. L. L. Pinheiro
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (D.J.L.L.P.); (T.d.l.R.); (F.A.S.)
| | - Tomás de la Rosa
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (D.J.L.L.P.); (T.d.l.R.); (F.A.S.)
| | - Antônio-Carlos G. de Almeida
- Laboratório de Neurociências Experimental e Computacional, Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), Minas Gerais 36301-160, Brazil;
| | - Fúlvio A. Scorza
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (D.J.L.L.P.); (T.d.l.R.); (F.A.S.)
| | - Carla A. Scorza
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (D.J.L.L.P.); (T.d.l.R.); (F.A.S.)
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13
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Umehara T, Oka H, Nakahara A, Matsuno H, Murakami H. Differential leukocyte count is associated with clinical phenotype in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Sci 2019; 409:116638. [PMID: 31865186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.116638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Elevated proinflammatory cytokines are associated with disease progression in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of study is to investigate whether components of peripheral blood leukocyte are associated with clinical symptoms in patients with de novo PD. METHODS We analyzed data from 123 newly diagnosed de novo patients who had no focal and systemic inflammatory diseases. Associations between clinical symptoms and differential leukocyte count (DLC) or DLC associated peripheral inflammatory biomarkers were examined. RESULTS Altered DLC and DLC associated peripheral inflammatory biomarkers were associated with PD related symptoms even though there was no sign of clinical inflammation. After controlling for covariables, olfaction and body mass index (BMI) were inversely associated with percentage of neutrophil, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, and positively associated with percentage of lymphocyte, lymphocyte to monocyte ratio. Patients with tremor-dominant or mixed type had lower peripheral inflammatory indices than those with akinetic rigid type. CONCLUSION Components of peripheral blood leukocytes reflect some clinical symptoms of PD. Patients with normosmia, tremor-dominant or mixed type, and patients without low BMI have low peripheral inflammatory indices. Relative mild peripheral inflammation may play one of major roles in developing mild disease phenotype in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Umehara
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hisayoshi Oka
- Department of Neurology, Daisan Hospital, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuo Nakahara
- Department of Neurology, Daisan Hospital, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Matsuno
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Murakami
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Hiorth YH, Pedersen KF, Dalen I, Tysnes OB, Alves G. Orthostatic hypotension in Parkinson disease: A 7-year prospective population-based study. Neurology 2019; 93:e1526-e1534. [PMID: 31527282 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000008314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency, evolution, and associated features of orthostatic hypotension (OH) over 7 years of prospective follow-up in a population-based, initially drug-naive Parkinson disease (PD) cohort. METHODS We performed repeated lying and standing blood pressure measurements in 185 patients with newly diagnosed PD and 172 matched normal controls to determine the occurrence of (1) OH using consensus-based criteria and (2) clinically significant OH (mean arterial pressure in standing position ≤75 mm Hg). We applied generalized estimating equations models for correlated data to investigate associated features of these 2 outcomes in patients with PD. RESULTS OH was more common in patients with PD than controls at all visits, with the relative risk increasing from 3.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6-5.8; p < 0.001) at baseline to 4.9 (95% CI 2.4-10.1; p < 0.001) after 7 years. Despite a high cumulative prevalence of OH (65.4%) and clinically significant OH (29.2%), use of antihypotensive drugs was very rare (0.5%). OH was independently associated with older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.06 per year; 95% CI 1.03-1.10), lower Mini-Mental State Examination score (OR 0.91 [0.85-0.97] per unit), and longer follow-up time (OR 1.12 [1.03-1.23] per year). Clinically significant OH was associated with the same characteristics, in addition to higher levodopa equivalent dosage (OR 1.16 [1.07-1.25] per 100 mg). CONCLUSIONS In this population-based study, we found OH to be a very frequent but undertreated complication in early PD, with associations to both disease-specific symptoms and drug treatment. Our findings suggest that clinicians should more actively assess and manage OH abnormalities in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylva Hivand Hiorth
- From the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Y.H.H.), The Norwegian Centre for Movement Disorders (Y.H.H., K.F.P., G.A.), Department of Neurology (K.F.P., G.A.), and Department of Research, Section of Biostatistics (I.D.), Stavanger University Hospital; Department of Clinical Medicine (O.-B.T.), University of Bergen; Department of Neurology (O.-B.T.), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen; and Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering (G.A.), University of Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Kenn Freddy Pedersen
- From the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Y.H.H.), The Norwegian Centre for Movement Disorders (Y.H.H., K.F.P., G.A.), Department of Neurology (K.F.P., G.A.), and Department of Research, Section of Biostatistics (I.D.), Stavanger University Hospital; Department of Clinical Medicine (O.-B.T.), University of Bergen; Department of Neurology (O.-B.T.), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen; and Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering (G.A.), University of Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ingvild Dalen
- From the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Y.H.H.), The Norwegian Centre for Movement Disorders (Y.H.H., K.F.P., G.A.), Department of Neurology (K.F.P., G.A.), and Department of Research, Section of Biostatistics (I.D.), Stavanger University Hospital; Department of Clinical Medicine (O.-B.T.), University of Bergen; Department of Neurology (O.-B.T.), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen; and Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering (G.A.), University of Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ole-Bjørn Tysnes
- From the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Y.H.H.), The Norwegian Centre for Movement Disorders (Y.H.H., K.F.P., G.A.), Department of Neurology (K.F.P., G.A.), and Department of Research, Section of Biostatistics (I.D.), Stavanger University Hospital; Department of Clinical Medicine (O.-B.T.), University of Bergen; Department of Neurology (O.-B.T.), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen; and Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering (G.A.), University of Stavanger, Norway
| | - Guido Alves
- From the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Y.H.H.), The Norwegian Centre for Movement Disorders (Y.H.H., K.F.P., G.A.), Department of Neurology (K.F.P., G.A.), and Department of Research, Section of Biostatistics (I.D.), Stavanger University Hospital; Department of Clinical Medicine (O.-B.T.), University of Bergen; Department of Neurology (O.-B.T.), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen; and Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering (G.A.), University of Stavanger, Norway
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15
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Huang N, Zhang Y, Chen M, Jin H, Nie J, Luo Y, Zhou S, Shi J, Jin F. Resveratrol delays 6-hydroxydopamine-induced apoptosis by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Exp Gerontol 2019; 124:110653. [PMID: 31295526 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether resveratrol (Res) delays the progression of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced apoptosis via activating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were unilaterally injected with 6-OHDA (8 μg/4 μL) into the substantia nigra of the midbrain. Res (15 and 30 mg/kg) was given orally to the rats for a total of 36 days to examine its protective effects. We first tested whether Res can delay the progression of 6-OHDA-induced damage by measuring weight and performance on behavioral tests (rotarod, open field test and grid test) and further explored whether this effect is related to the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blotting (WB). Our results showed that the damage induced by 6-OHDA gradually worsened, while Res 30 mg/kg treatment significantly improved motor function and increased body weight. Compared with those in the model group, the number of dopaminergic neurons cells and the expression of PI3K-110α, p-Akt Ser473, and pro-caspase-3 in the Res 30 mg/kg group were significantly increased, and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and the level of activated caspase-3 was decreased. The results indicate that Res ameliorates 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis and motor dysfunction via activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, delaying the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD) symptoms in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanqu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China; Drug Clinical Trial Institution, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi & The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Mingji Chen
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Hai Jin
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of Affiliated Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Jing Nie
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi & The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Shaoyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China; Department of Environmental Health, Indiana University Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Jingshan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China.
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16
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Sharma JC, Lewis A. Weight in Parkinson's Disease: Phenotypical Significance. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 134:891-919. [PMID: 28805588 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Body weight in Parkinson's disease (PD) is a significant nonmotor feature. Weight homeostasis is a complex physiological process and gets deranged in PD patients leading to changes in weight. While both the low and high body weight have been reported as risk factors for PD, the majority of PD patients have a lower weight and a subset of patients lose weight during the course of the disease, while a small proportion gain weight. A number of clinical parameters such as older age, impaired cognition, severity of disease, and an imbalance of food intake determined by satiety and hunger hormones have been reported to be associated with but not the cause of weight change. Low body weight and weight loss have a negative impact on disease severity, dyskinesia quality of life, and mortality indicative of disease progression. An early assessment of olfactory impairment seems to identify patients at risk of weight loss, the patients with more severe olfactory loss-anosmic group, lose weight as compared to the patients with some preservation of olfaction, the hyposmic group. Higher levodopa dose per kilogram body weight increases the risk of dyskinesia, higher body weight seems to be protective against this complication. The identification of PD patients according to the nonmotor phenotype of "Park-olfaction-weight-phenotype" and the "olfaction-weight-dyskinesia" triad should help to develop strategies to prevent weight reduction and improve general health and complications of PD patients. The phenotype seems to reflect a differential prodromal pathology and influence clinical disease. Higher body weight patients would benefit from life style changes to achieve a healthy profile. Weight monitoring and weight orientated approach to management of PD patients should help to improve their outcome. Body weight change might be a surrogate to disease progression and may be used to investigate neuroprotection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagdish C Sharma
- Geriatric Medicine (Movement Disorders), Lincoln County Hospital, Lincoln, United Kingdom; University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom.
| | - Anna Lewis
- Geriatric Medicine (Movement Disorders), Lincoln County Hospital, Lincoln, United Kingdom; University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
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