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Ministrini S, Padro T. MicroRNA in cardiometabolic health and disease: The perspectives of sex, gender and personalised medicine. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14223. [PMID: 38623918 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Personalized medicine represents a novel and integrative approach that focuses on an individual's genetics and epigenetics, precision medicine, lifestyle and exposures as key players of health status and disease phenotypes. METHODS In this narrative review, we aim to carefully discuss the current knowledge on gender disparities in cardiometabolic diseases, and we consider the sex- specific expression of miRNAs and their role as promising tool in precision medicine. RESULTS Personalised medicine overcomes the restricted care of patient based on a binomial sex approach, by enriching itself with a holistic and dynamic gender integration. Recognized as a major worldwide health emergency, cardiometabolic disorders continue to rise, impacting on health systems and requiring more effective and targeted strategies. Several sex and gender drivers might affect the onset and progression of cardiometabolic disorders in males and females at multiple levels. In this respect, distinct contribution of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, molecular and physiological pathways, sex hormones, visceral fat and subcutaneous fat and lifestyle lead to differences in disease burden and outcomes in males and females. CONCLUSIONS Sex and gender play a pivotal role in precision medicine because the influence the physiology of each individual and the way they interact with environment from intrauterine life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Ministrini
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Teresa Padro
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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2
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Raghubeer S. The influence of epigenetics and inflammation on cardiometabolic risks. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:175-184. [PMID: 36804178 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases include metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Epigenetic modifications participate in cardiometabolic diseases through several pathways, including inflammation, vascular dysfunction, and insulin resistance. Epigenetic modifications, which encompass alterations to gene expression without mutating the DNA sequence, have gained much attention in recent years, since they have been correlated with cardiometabolic diseases and may be targeted for therapeutic interventions. Epigenetic modifications are greatly influenced by environmental factors, such as diet, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and pollution. Some modifications are heritable, indicating that the biological expression of epigenetic alterations may be observed across generations. Moreover, many patients with cardiometabolic diseases present with chronic inflammation, which can be influenced by environmental and genetic factors. The inflammatory environment worsens the prognosis of cardiometabolic diseases and further induces epigenetic modifications, predisposing patients to the development of other metabolism-associated diseases and complications. A deeper understanding of inflammatory processes and epigenetic modifications in cardiometabolic diseases is necessary to improve our diagnostic capabilities, personalized medicine approaches, and the development of targeted therapeutic interventions. Further understanding may also assist in predicting disease outcomes, especially in children and young adults. This review describes epigenetic modifications and inflammatory processes underlying cardiometabolic diseases, and further discusses advances in the research field with a focus on specific points for interventional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanel Raghubeer
- SAMRC/CPUT/Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health & Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa.
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Poledniczek M, Neumayer C, Kopp CW, Schlager O, Gremmel T, Jozkowicz A, Gschwandtner ME, Koppensteiner R, Wadowski PP. Micro- and Macrovascular Effects of Inflammation in Peripheral Artery Disease-Pathophysiology and Translational Therapeutic Approaches. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2284. [PMID: 37626780 PMCID: PMC10452462 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has a critical role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. On the molecular level, inflammatory pathways negatively impact endothelial barrier properties and thus, tissue homeostasis. Conformational changes and destruction of the glycocalyx further promote pro-inflammatory pathways also contributing to pro-coagulability and a prothrombotic state. In addition, changes in the extracellular matrix composition lead to (peri-)vascular remodelling and alterations of the vessel wall, e.g., aneurysm formation. Moreover, progressive fibrosis leads to reduced tissue perfusion due to loss of functional capillaries. The present review aims at discussing the molecular and clinical effects of inflammatory processes on the micro- and macrovasculature with a focus on peripheral artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Poledniczek
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.); (C.W.K.); (O.S.); (M.E.G.); (R.K.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Neumayer
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Christoph W. Kopp
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.); (C.W.K.); (O.S.); (M.E.G.); (R.K.)
| | - Oliver Schlager
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.); (C.W.K.); (O.S.); (M.E.G.); (R.K.)
| | - Thomas Gremmel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Landesklinikum Mistelbach-Gänserndorf, 2130 Mistelbach, Austria;
- Institute of Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy and Interventional Cardiology, Karl Landsteiner Society, 3100 St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Alicja Jozkowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Michael E. Gschwandtner
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.); (C.W.K.); (O.S.); (M.E.G.); (R.K.)
| | - Renate Koppensteiner
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.); (C.W.K.); (O.S.); (M.E.G.); (R.K.)
| | - Patricia P. Wadowski
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.); (C.W.K.); (O.S.); (M.E.G.); (R.K.)
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Li J, Wang Y, Wang L, Qu Y, Zhou W, Zhong H, Xi D, Tang N, He F. Low expression of miR-1929-3p mediates murine cytomegalovirus-induced fibrosis in cardiac fibroblasts via targeting endothelin a receptor/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2023; 59:179-192. [PMID: 37002490 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-022-00742-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are crucial in the development of myocardial remodeling in hypertension. Low miR-1929-3p expression induced by murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection is closely related to hypertensive myocardial remodeling. This study investigated the molecular mechanism of miR-1929-3p-induced myocardial remodeling after MCMV infection. We modeled MCMV-infected mouse cardiac fibroblasts (MMCFs) as the primary cell model. First, MCMV infection reduced the expression of miR-1929-3p and increased the mRNA and protein expression of its target gene endothelin receptor type A (ETAR) in mouse cardiac fibroblasts (MCFs), which demonstrated an internal relationship with myocardial fibrosis (MF) based on high proliferation, phenotypic transformation (α-SMA), and collagen expression in MMCFs. The transfection of the miR-1929-3p mimic downregulated the high expression of ETAR and alleviated these adverse effects in MMCFs. Inversely, these effects were exacerbated by the miR-1929-3p inhibitor. Second, the transfection of endothelin receptor type A over-expressed adenovirus (adETAR) reversed these positive effects of the miR-1929-3p mimic on MF improvement. Third, the transfection of adETAR exhibited a strong inflammatory response in MMCFs with increased expression of NOD-like receptors pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) and increased secretion of interleukin-18. However, we found that the ETAR antagonist BQ123 and the selected NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 effectively eliminated the inflammatory response induced by both MCMV infection and miR-1929-3p inhibitor. Moreover, the MCF supernatant was related to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Our findings suggest that MCMV infection promotes MF by inducing the downregulation of miR-1929-3p and the high expression of ETAR, which activates NLRP3 inflammasomes in MCFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2Nd Road, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yongjia Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2Nd Road, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - LaMei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2Nd Road, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2Nd Road, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hua Zhong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2Nd Road, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - DongMei Xi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2Nd Road, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Na Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2Nd Road, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Fang He
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2Nd Road, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China.
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Wronska A. The Role of microRNA in the Development, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease: Recent Developments. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 384:123-132. [PMID: 35779862 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.001152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery in 1993, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of many crucial cellular processes, and their dysregulation have been shown to contribute to multiple pathologic conditions, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). miRNAs have been found to regulate the expression of various genes involved in cardiac development and function and in the development and progression of CVD. Many miRNAs are master regulators fine-tuning the expression of multiple, often interrelated, genes involved in inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, senescence, and other processes crucial for the development of different forms of CVD. This article presents a review of recent developments in our understanding of the role of miRNAs in the development of CVD and surveys their potential applicability as therapeutic targets and biomarkers to facilitate CVD diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. There are currently multiple potential miRNA-based therapeutic agents in different stages of development, which can be grouped into two classes: miRNA mimics (replicating the sequence and activity of their corresponding miRNAs) and antagomiRs (antisense inhibitors of specific miRNAs). However, in spite of promising preliminary data and our ever-increasing knowledge about the mechanisms of action of specific miRNAs, miRNA-based therapeutics and biomarkers have yet to be approved for clinical applications. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Over the last few years microRNAs have emerged as crucial, specific regulators of the cardiovascular system and in the development of cardiovascular disease, by posttranscriptional regulation of their target genes. The minireview presents the most recent developments in this area of research, including the progress in diagnostic and therapeutic applications of microRNAs. microRNAs seem very promising candidates for biomarkers and therapeutic agents, although some challenges, such as efficient delivery and unwanted effects, need to be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anetta Wronska
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
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Mone P, Lombardi A, Kansakar U, Varzideh F, Jankauskas SS, Pansini A, Marzocco S, De Gennaro S, Famiglietti M, Macina G, Frullone S, Santulli G. Empagliflozin Improves the MicroRNA Signature of Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction and Diabetes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 384:116-122. [PMID: 36549862 PMCID: PMC9827502 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.001251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction represents a key mechanism underlying heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), diabetes mellitus (DM), and frailty. However, reliable biomarkers to monitor endothelial dysfunction in these patients are lacking. In this study, we evaluated the expression of a panel of circulating microRNAs (miRs) involved in the regulation of endothelial function in a population of frail older adults with HFpEF and DM treated for 3 months with empagliflozin, metformin, or insulin. We identified a distinctive pattern of miRs that were significantly regulated in HFpEF patients compared to healthy controls and to HFpEF patients treated with the sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor empagliflozin. Three miRs were significantly downregulated (miR-126, miR-342-3p, and miR-638) and two were significantly upregulated (miR-21 and miR-92) in HFpEF patients compared to healthy controls. Strikingly, two of these miRs (miR-21 and miR-92) were significantly reduced in HFpEF patients after the 3-month treatment with empagliflozin, whereas no significant differences in the profile of endothelial miRs were detected in patients treated with metformin or insulin. Taken together, our findings demonstrate for the first time that specific circulating miRs involved in the regulation of endothelial function are significantly regulated in frail HFpEF patients with DM and in response to SGLT2 inhibition. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We have identified a novel microRNA signature functionally involved in the regulation of endothelial function that is significantly regulated in frail patients with HFpEF and diabetes. Moreover, the treatment with the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin caused a modification of some of these microRNAs in a direction that was opposite to what observed in HFpEF patients, indicating a rescue of endothelial function. Our findings are relevant for clinical practice inasmuch as we were able to establish novel biomarkers of disease and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Urna Kansakar
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Fahimeh Varzideh
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Stanislovas S Jankauskas
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Antonella Pansini
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Stefania Marzocco
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Stefano De Gennaro
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Michele Famiglietti
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Gaetano Macina
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Salvatore Frullone
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
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Kannampuzha S, Ravichandran M, Mukherjee AG, Wanjari UR, Renu K, Vellingiri B, Iyer M, Dey A, George A, Gopalakrishnan AV. The mechanism of action of non-coding RNAs in placental disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113964. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Lamon S, Le Carré J, Petito G, Duong HP, Luthi F, Hiam D, Léger B. The effect of the menstrual cycle on the circulating microRNA pool in human plasma: a pilot study. Hum Reprod 2022; 38:46-56. [PMID: 36350564 PMCID: PMC9825267 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Do ovarian hormone changes influence the levels of cell-free or circulating microRNA (cf-miRNA) across the menstrual cycle? SUMMARY ANSWER This exploratory study suggests that fluctuations in hormonal levels throughout the menstrual cycle may alter cf-miRNAs levels. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY cf-miRNA levels vary with numerous pathological and physiological conditions in both males and females and are regulated by exogenous and endogenous factors, including hormones. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A prospective, monocentric study was conducted between March and November 2021. Since this was a pilot study, the sample size was based on feasibility as well as previous similar human studies conducted in different tissues. A total of 20 participants were recruited for the study. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We conducted an exploratory study where blood samples were collected from 16 eumenorrheic females in the early follicular phase, the ovulation phase and the mid-luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The levels of oestrogen, progesterone, LH and FSH were measured in serum by electrochemiluminescence. The levels of 174 plasma-enriched miRNAs were profiled using a PCR-based panel, including stringent internal and external controls to account for the potential differences in RNA extraction and reverse-transcription stemming from low-RNA input samples. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE This exploratory study suggests that cf-miRNAs may play an active role in the regulation of the female cycle by mediating the expression of genes during fluctuating hormonal changes. Linear mixed-models, adjusted for the relevant variables, showed associations between phases of the menstrual cycle, ovarian hormones and plasma cf-miRNA levels. Validated gene targets of the cf-miRNAs varying with the menstrual cycle were enriched within female reproductive tissues and are primarily involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis. LARGE SCALE DATA All relevant data are available from the Mendeley database: LEGER, Bertrand (2022), 'MiRNA and menstrual cycle', Mendeley Data, V1, doi: 10.17632/2br3zp79m3.1. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Our study was conducted on a small participant cohort. However, it was tightly controlled for endogenous and exogenous confounders, which is critical to ensure robust and reproducible cf-miRNA research. Both adjusted and non-adjusted P-values are presented throughout the article. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Measures of ovarian hormones should be rigorously included in future studies assessing cf-miRNA levels in females and used as time-varying confounders. Our results reinforce the importance of accounting for female-specific biological processes in physiology research by implementing practical or statistical mitigation strategies during data collection and analysis. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported by the Clinique romande de réadaptation, Sion, Switzerland. S.L. was supported by an Australian Research Council (ARC) Future Fellowship (FT10100278). D.H. was supported by an Executive Dean's Postdoctoral Research Fellowship from Deakin University. The authors declare no competing interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Lamon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joane Le Carré
- Department of Medical Research, Clinique romande de réadaptation Suva, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Petito
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Hong Phuoc Duong
- Department of Medical Research, Clinique romande de réadaptation Suva, Sion, Switzerland
| | - François Luthi
- Department of Medical Research, Clinique romande de réadaptation Suva, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Danielle Hiam
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bertrand Léger
- Correspondence address. Department of Medical Research, Clinique romande de réadaptation, Avenue GrandChampsec 90, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland. E-mail:
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Alonso-Villa E, Bonet F, Hernandez-Torres F, Campuzano Ó, Sarquella-Brugada G, Quezada-Feijoo M, Ramos M, Mangas A, Toro R. The Role of MicroRNAs in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: New Insights for an Old Entity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113573. [PMID: 36362356 PMCID: PMC9659086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a clinical diagnosis characterized by left ventricular or biventricular dilation and systolic dysfunction. In most cases, DCM is progressive, leading to heart failure (HF) and death. This cardiomyopathy has been considered a common and final phenotype of several entities. DCM occurs when cellular pathways fail to maintain the pumping function. The etiology of this disease encompasses several factors, such as ischemia, infection, autoimmunity, drugs or genetic susceptibility. Although the prognosis has improved in the last few years due to red flag clinical follow-up, early familial diagnosis and ongoing optimization of treatment, due to its heterogeneity, there are no targeted therapies available for DCM based on each etiology. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of DCM will provide novel therapeutic strategies against this cardiac disease and their different triggers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small noncoding RNAs that play key roles in post-transcriptional gene silencing by targeting mRNAs for translational repression or, to a lesser extent, degradation. A growing number of studies have demonstrated critical functions of miRNAs in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including DCM, by regulating mechanisms that contribute to the progression of the disease. Herein, we summarize the role of miRNAs in inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis, exclusively in the context of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Alonso-Villa
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cádiz, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.A.-V.); (R.T.)
| | - Fernando Bonet
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Francisco Hernandez-Torres
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Óscar Campuzano
- Cardiology Service, Hospital Josep Trueta, University of Girona, 17007 Girona, Spain
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), 17190 Salt, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Georgia Sarquella-Brugada
- Medical Science Department, School of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Arrhythmias Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maribel Quezada-Feijoo
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja, 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Medicine School, Alfonso X el Sabio University, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Ramos
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja, 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Medicine School, Alfonso X el Sabio University, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alipio Mangas
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cádiz, Spain
- Internal Medicine Department, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Rocío Toro
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cádiz, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.A.-V.); (R.T.)
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10
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miR-142 Targets TIM-1 in Human Endothelial Cells: Potential Implications for Stroke, COVID-19, Zika, Ebola, Dengue, and Other Viral Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810242. [PMID: 36142146 PMCID: PMC9499484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1) has been recently identified as one of the factors involved in the internalization of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in human cells, in addition to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), neuropilin-1, and others. We hypothesized that specific microRNAs could target TIM-1, with potential implications for the management of patients suffering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). By combining bioinformatic analyses and functional assays, we identified miR-142 as a specific regulator of TIM-1 transcription. Since TIM-1 has been implicated in the regulation of endothelial function at the level of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and its levels have been shown to be associated with stroke and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, we validated miR-142 as a functional modulator of TIM-1 in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBMECs). Taken together, our results indicate that miR-142 targets TIM-1, representing a novel strategy against cerebrovascular disorders, as well as systemic complications of SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections.
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11
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Correlation between decreased plasma miR-29a and vascular endothelial injury induced by hyperlipidemia. Herz 2022:10.1007/s00059-022-05121-x. [PMID: 35674773 DOI: 10.1007/s00059-022-05121-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for vascular endothelial injury and atherosclerosis leading to cardiovascular diseases. Early diagnosis of vascular endothelial injury is important for the prevention and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate sensitive circulating microRNA (miRNA) as a potential diagnostic biomarker of vascular endothelial injury in a hyperlipidemic rat model. METHODS The miRNA expression profile was detected by miRNA microarray. The hyperlipidemic rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of vitamin D3 combined with a high-fat diet. Plasma miRNA levels were measured by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS No significant difference was found in the types of highly expressed miRNAs between human umbilical artery endothelial cells (HUAEC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). A total of 10 highly expressed miRNAs in endothelial cells were selected as candidate miRNAs, including miR-21, miR-126, let-7a, miR-23a, miR-221, miR-125b, miR-26a, miR-29a, miR-16, and miR-100. The plasma levels of let-7a, miR-126, miR-21, and miR-26a were significantly elevated in hyperlipidemic rats at 30 and 50 days after modeling, while the plasma level of miR-29a was significantly decreased. No significant change was found in the plasma levels of miR-125b, miR-23a, miR-221, miR-100, and miR-16. Interestingly, a significant reduction in plasma miR-29 level was detected as early as 20 days after modeling, which was earlier than for soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‑1 (sICAM-1). CONCLUSION The plasma levels of endothelial cell-enriched miRNAs were correlated with vascular endothelial injury induced by hyperlipidemia. miR-29a might serve as a potential early diagnostic biomarker of endothelial injury-related diseases.
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12
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Functional Role of microRNAs in Regulating Cardiomyocyte Death. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060983. [PMID: 35326433 PMCID: PMC8946783 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNA, miRs) play crucial roles in cardiovascular disease regulating numerous processes, including inflammation, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and cell death. Herein, we present an updated and comprehensive overview of the functional involvement of miRs in the regulation of cardiomyocyte death, a central event in acute myocardial infarction, ischemia/reperfusion, and heart failure. Specifically, in this systematic review we are focusing on necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy.
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13
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Chatzopoulou F, Kyritsis KA, Papagiannopoulos CI, Galatou E, Mittas N, Theodoroula NF, Papazoglou AS, Karagiannidis E, Chatzidimitriou M, Papa A, Sianos G, Angelis L, Chatzidimitriou D, Vizirianakis IS. Dissecting miRNA–Gene Networks to Map Clinical Utility Roads of Pharmacogenomics-Guided Therapeutic Decisions in Cardiovascular Precision Medicine. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040607. [PMID: 35203258 PMCID: PMC8870388 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) create systems networks and gene-expression circuits through molecular signaling and cell interactions that contribute to health imbalance and the emergence of cardiovascular disorders (CVDs). Because the clinical phenotypes of CVD patients present a diversity in their pathophysiology and heterogeneity at the molecular level, it is essential to establish genomic signatures to delineate multifactorial correlations, and to unveil the variability seen in therapeutic intervention outcomes. The clinically validated miRNA biomarkers, along with the relevant SNPs identified, have to be suitably implemented in the clinical setting in order to enhance patient stratification capacity, to contribute to a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, to guide the selection of innovative therapeutic schemes, and to identify innovative drugs and delivery systems. In this article, the miRNA–gene networks and the genomic signatures resulting from the SNPs will be analyzed as a method of highlighting specific gene-signaling circuits as sources of molecular knowledge which is relevant to CVDs. In concordance with this concept, and as a case study, the design of the clinical trial GESS (NCT03150680) is referenced. The latter is presented in a manner to provide a direction for the improvement of the implementation of pharmacogenomics and precision cardiovascular medicine trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fani Chatzopoulou
- Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (F.C.); (A.P.); (D.C.)
- Labnet Laboratories, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 54638 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos A. Kyritsis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.A.K.); (C.I.P.); (N.F.T.)
| | - Christos I. Papagiannopoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.A.K.); (C.I.P.); (N.F.T.)
| | - Eleftheria Galatou
- Department of Life & Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 1700, Cyprus;
| | - Nikolaos Mittas
- Department of Chemistry, International Hellenic University, 65404 Kavala, Greece;
| | - Nikoleta F. Theodoroula
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.A.K.); (C.I.P.); (N.F.T.)
| | - Andreas S. Papazoglou
- 1st Cardiology Department, AHEPA University General Hospital of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.P.); (E.K.); (G.S.)
| | - Efstratios Karagiannidis
- 1st Cardiology Department, AHEPA University General Hospital of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.P.); (E.K.); (G.S.)
| | - Maria Chatzidimitriou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Anna Papa
- Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (F.C.); (A.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Georgios Sianos
- 1st Cardiology Department, AHEPA University General Hospital of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.P.); (E.K.); (G.S.)
| | - Lefteris Angelis
- Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios Chatzidimitriou
- Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (F.C.); (A.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Ioannis S. Vizirianakis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.A.K.); (C.I.P.); (N.F.T.)
- Department of Life & Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 1700, Cyprus;
- Correspondence: or
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Mone P, de Donato A, Varzideh F, Kansakar U, Jankauskas SS, Pansini A, Santulli G. Functional role of miR-34a in diabetes and frailty. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:949924. [PMID: 35923683 PMCID: PMC9340262 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.949924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical role in the pathogenesis of several disorders. In the present minireview, we focus our attention on the functional role of a specific miRNA, namely miR-34a, in the pathophysiology of frailty and diabetes mellitus. Based on the current literature, we speculate that this miRNA may serve as a potential biomarker of frailty in diabetic older adults. Additionally, its actions on oxidative stress might represent a druggable target to obtain new potentials treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Mone
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- ASL Avellino, Avellino, Italy
- *Correspondence: Pasquale Mone, ;,
| | | | - Fahimeh Varzideh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Urna Kansakar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Stanislovas S. Jankauskas
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Gaetano Santulli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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15
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Zhao K, Wu T, Yang C, Pan H, Xu T, Zhang J, Guo X, Tu J, Zhang D, Kong X, Zhou B, Sun W. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound prevents angiotensin II-induced aortic smooth muscle cell phenotypic switch via hampering miR-17-5p and enhancing PPAR-γ. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 911:174509. [PMID: 34547245 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Vascular events can trigger a pathological phenotypic switch in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), decreasing and disrupting the plasticity and diversity of vascular networks. The development of novel therapeutic approaches is necessary to prevent these changes. We aimed to investigate the effects and associated mechanisms of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) irradiation on the angiotensin II (AngII)-induced phenotypic switch in VSMCs. In vivo, AngII was infused subcutaneously for 4 weeks to stimulate vascular remodeling in mice, and LIPUS irradiation was applied for 20 min every 2 days for 4 weeks. In vitro, cultured rat aortic VSMCs (RAVSMCs) were pretreated once with LIPUS irradiation for 20 min before 48-h AngII stimulation. Our results showed that LIPUS irradiation prevents AngII-induced vascular remodeling of the whole wall artery without discriminating between adventitia and media in vivo and RAVSMC phenotypic switching in vitro. LIPUS irradiation downregulated miR-17-5p expression and upregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) expression. The PPAR-γ activator rosiglitazone could mimic the favorable effects of LIPUS irradiation on AngII-treated RAVSMCs. In contrast, GW9662 could impede the LIPUS-mediated downregulation of RAVSMC proliferation and inflammation under AngII stimulation conditions in vivo and in vitro. Also, the miR-17-5p agomir has the same effects as GW9662 in vitro. Besides, the inhibitory effects of GW9662 against the anti-remodeling effects of LIPUS irradiation in AngII-induced RAVSMCs could be blocked by pretreatment with the miR-17-5p antagomir. Overall, LIPUS irradiation prevents AngII-induced RAVSMCs phenotypic switching through hampering miR-17-5p and enhancing PPAR-γ, suggesting a new approach for the treatment of vascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanxi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China; Department of Cardiology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Haotian Pan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianhua Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiasheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, China
| | - Juan Tu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, China
| | - Xiangqing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China; Department of Genetics, Pediatrics and Medicine Cardiology, Wilf Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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METTL3 improves cardiomyocyte proliferation upon myocardial infarction via upregulating miR-17-3p in a DGCR8-dependent manner. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:291. [PMID: 34645805 PMCID: PMC8514505 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00688-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI), one of the most severe types of heart attack, exerts a strong negative effect on heart muscle by causing a massive and rapid loss of cardiomyocytes. However, the existing therapies do little to improve cardiac regeneration. Due to the role of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) in the physiological proliferation of cardiomyocytes, we aimed to determine whether METTL3 could also promote cardiomyocyte proliferation under pathological conditions and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. The effects of METTL3 on cardiomyocyte proliferation and apoptosis were investigated in an in vivo rat model of MI and in an in vitro model of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) exposed to hypoxia. We found that METTL3 expression was downregulated in hypoxia-exposed NRCMs and MI-induced rats. Furthermore, METTL3 pretreatment enhanced cardiomyocyte proliferation and inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis under hypoxic or MI conditions, and silencing METTL3 had the opposite effects. Additionally, METTL3 overexpression upregulated miR-17-3p expression. The miR-17-3p agomir mimicked the pro-proliferative and antiapoptotic effects of METTL3 in hypoxia-exposed cells or rats with MI, while the miR-17-3p antagomir blocked these effects. Additionally, pretreatment with the RNA-binding protein DGCR8 also hampered the protective role of METTL3 in hypoxia-exposed cells. Overall, the current study indicated that METTL3 could improve cardiomyocyte proliferation and subsequently ameliorate MI in rats by upregulating proliferation-related miR-17-3p in a DGCR8-dependent pri-miRNA-processing manner.
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Chiti E, Di Paolo M, Turillazzi E, Rocchi A. MicroRNAs in Hypertrophic, Arrhythmogenic and Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11091720. [PMID: 34574061 PMCID: PMC8469137 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs of about 20 nucleotides in length, involved in the regulation of many biochemical pathways in the human body. The level of miRNAs in tissues and circulation can be deregulated because of altered pathophysiological mechanisms; thus, they can be employed as biomarkers for different pathological conditions, such as cardiac diseases. This review summarizes published findings of these molecular biomarkers in the three most common structural cardiomyopathies: human dilated, arrhythmogenic and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Chiti
- Institute of Life Science, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Marco Di Paolo
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.D.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Emanuela Turillazzi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.D.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Anna Rocchi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.D.P.); (E.T.)
- Correspondence:
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Complex Conformational Dynamics of the Heart Failure-Associated Pre-miRNA-377 Hairpin Revealed by Single-Molecule Optical Tweezers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169008. [PMID: 34445712 PMCID: PMC8396532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-miRNA-377 is a hairpin-shaped regulatory RNA associated with heart failure. Here, we use single-molecule optical tweezers to unzip pre-miRNA-377 and study its stability and dynamics. We show that magnesium ions have a strong stabilizing effect, and that sodium ions stabilize the hairpin more than potassium ions. The hairpin unfolds in a single step, regardless of buffer composition. Interestingly, hairpin folding occurs either in a single step (type 1) or through the formation of intermediates, in multiple steps (type 2) or gradually (type 3). Type 3 occurs only in the presence of both sodium and magnesium, while type 1 and 2 take place in all buffers, with type 1 being the most prevalent. By reducing the size of the native hairpin loop from fourteen to four nucleotides, we demonstrate that the folding heterogeneity originates from the large size of the hairpin loop. Further, while efficient pre-miRNA-377 binders are lacking, we demonstrate that the recently developed C2 ligand displays bimodal activity: it enhances the mechanical stability of the pre-miRNA-377 hairpin and perturbs its folding. The knowledge regarding pre-miRNA stability and dynamics that we provide is important in understanding its regulatory function and how it can be modulated to achieve a therapeutic effect, e.g., in heart failure treatment.
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Roles of MicroRNAs in Peripheral Artery In-Stent Restenosis after Endovascular Treatment. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9935671. [PMID: 34368362 PMCID: PMC8337102 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9935671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Endovascular repair including percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and stent implantation has become the standard approach for the treatment of peripheral arterial disease; however, restenosis is still the main limited complication for the long-term success of the endovascular repair. Endothelial denudation and regeneration, inflammatory response, and neointimal hyperplasia are major pathological processes occurring during in-stent restenosis (ISR). MicroRNAs exhibit great potential in regulating several vascular biological events in different cell types and have been identified as novel therapeutic targets as well as biomarkers for ISR prevention. This review summarized recent experimental and clinical studies on the role of miRNAs in ISR modification, with the aim of unraveling the underlying mechanism and potential therapeutic strategy of ISR.
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Kronstadt SM, Pottash AE, Levy D, Wang S, Chao W, Jay SM. Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles for Sepsis Treatment. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021; 4:2000259. [PMID: 34423113 PMCID: PMC8378673 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a deadly condition lacking a specific treatment despite decades of research. This has prompted the exploration of new approaches, with extracellular vesicles (EVs) emerging as a focal area. EVs are nanosized, cell-derived particles that transport bioactive components (i.e., proteins, DNA, and RNA) between cells, enabling both normal physiological functions and disease progression depending on context. In particular, EVs have been identified as critical mediators of sepsis pathophysiology. However, EVs are also thought to constitute the biologically active component of cell-based therapies and have demonstrated anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and immunomodulatory effects in sepsis models. The dual nature of EVs in sepsis is explored here, discussing their endogenous roles and highlighting their therapeutic properties and potential. Related to the latter component, prior studies involving EVs from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and other sources are discussed and emerging producer cells that could play important roles in future EV-based sepsis therapies are identified. Further, how methodologies could impact therapeutic development toward sepsis treatment to enhance and control EV potency is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Kronstadt
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3102 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Alex E Pottash
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3102 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3102 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Sheng Wang
- Translational Research Program, Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock Trauma and Anesthesiology Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Wei Chao
- Translational Research Program, Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock Trauma and Anesthesiology Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Steven M Jay
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering and Program in Molecular and, Cell Biology, University of Maryland, 3102 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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Long Noncoding RNA Small Nuclear RNA Host Gene 7 Knockdown Protects Mouse Cardiac Fibroblasts Against Myocardial Infarction by Regulating miR-455-3p/Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor Axis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 77:796-804. [PMID: 33929392 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of heart failure all over the world. Long noncoding RNAs have been reported to be associated with the development of MI. In this article, we aimed to explore the effects of long noncoding RNA small nuclear RNA host gene 7 (SNHG7) on MI and the possible mechanism. In this study, an MI model was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery of mice. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) derived from neonatal mice were activated by angiotensin II (Ang-II) treatment. The expression of SNHG7 and miR-455-3p was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and protein levels of platelet-activating factor receptor (PTAFR) and fibrosis-related proteins were analyzed by western blot assay. Cell apoptosis of CFs was monitored by flow cytometry. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to evaluate inflammatory responses in CFs. Moreover, dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the target relationship between miR-455-3p and SNHG7 or PTAFR. LncRNA SNHG7 and PTAFR were upregulated, whereas miR-455-3p was downregulated in cardiac tissues of mice with MI and Ang-II-induced CFs. SNHG7 depletion or miR-455-3p overexpression attenuated Ang-II-induced apoptosis, fibrosis, and inflammation in CFs, which was severally weakened by miR-455-3p inhibition or PTAFR upregulation. LncRNA SNHG7 targeted miR-455-3p, and PTAFR was a target of miR-455-3p. LncRNA SNHG7 depletion exerted protective roles in apoptosis, fibrosis, and inflammation in Ang-II-induced CFs by regulating miR-455-3p/PTAFR axis, providing a potential molecular target for MI therapy.
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The protective role of MiR-206 in regulating cardiomyocytes apoptosis induced by ischemic injury by targeting PTP1B. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:221736. [PMID: 31894853 PMCID: PMC6970065 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20191000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs play essential roles in the regulation and pathophysiology of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The purpose of the present study was to assess the expression signature of miR-206 in rat heart with AMI and the corresponding molecular mechanism. The expression of miR-206 significantly decreased in the infarcted myocardial areas and in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes, compared with that in the noninfarcted areas. Overexpression of miR-206 decreased cardiomyocytes apoptosis and the down-regulation of miR-206 increased cardiomyocytes apoptosis in vitro. In addition, overexpression of miR-206 in rat heart in vivo remarkably reduced myocardial infarct size and cardiomyocytes apoptosis. We identified that miR-206 had a protective effect on cardiomyocytes apoptosis with the association of its target protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). Gain-of-function of miR-206 inhibited PTP1B expression and loss-of-function of miR-206 up-regulated PTP1B expression. Furthermore, overexpression of PTP1B significantly increased cardiomyocytes apoptosis. These results together suggest the protective effect of miR-206 against cardiomyocytes apoptosis induced by AMI by targeting PTP1B.
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Mone P, Gambardella J, Wang X, Jankauskas SS, Matarese A, Santulli G. miR-24 targets SARS-CoV-2 co-factor Neuropilin-1 in human brain microvascular endothelial cells: Insights for COVID-19 neurological manifestations. RESEARCH SQUARE 2021:rs.3.rs-192099. [PMID: 33564755 PMCID: PMC7872362 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-192099/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that has been implicated in several processes including angiogenesis and immunity. Recent evidence has also shown that it is implied in the cellular internalization of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We hypothesized that specific microRNAs can target Neuropilin-1. By combining bioinformatic and functional approaches, we identified miR-24 as a regulator of Neuropilin-1 transcription. Since Neuropilin-1 has been shown to play a key role in the endothelium-mediated regulation of the blood-brain barrier, we validated miR-24 as a functional modulator of Neuropilin-1 in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBMECs), which are the most suitable cell line for an in vitro bloodâ€"brain barrier model.
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Mone P, Gambardella J, Wang X, Jankauskas SS, Matarese A, Santulli G. miR-24 Targets the Transmembrane Glycoprotein Neuropilin-1 in Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:9. [PMID: 33540664 PMCID: PMC7931075 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that has been implicated in several processes including angiogenesis and immunity. Recent evidence has also shown that it is implied in the cellular internalization of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We hypothesized that specific microRNAs can target Neuropilin-1. By combining bioinformatic and functional approaches, we identified miR-24 as a regulator of Neuropilin-1 transcription. Since Neuropilin-1 has been shown to play a key role in the endothelium-mediated regulation of the blood-brain barrier, we validated miR-24 as a functional modulator of Neuropilin-1 in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBMECs), which are the most suitable cell line for an in vitro blood-brain barrier model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (P.M.); (J.G.); (X.W.); (S.S.J.)
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Jessica Gambardella
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (P.M.); (J.G.); (X.W.); (S.S.J.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, “Federico II” University, and International Translational Research and Medical Education (ITME), 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Xujun Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (P.M.); (J.G.); (X.W.); (S.S.J.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Stanislovas S. Jankauskas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (P.M.); (J.G.); (X.W.); (S.S.J.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | | | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (P.M.); (J.G.); (X.W.); (S.S.J.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, “Federico II” University, and International Translational Research and Medical Education (ITME), 80131 Naples, Italy
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Ralbovsky NM, Lednev IK. Analysis of individual red blood cells for Celiac disease diagnosis. Talanta 2021; 221:121642. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Matarese A, Gambardella J, Sardu C, Santulli G. miR-98 Regulates TMPRSS2 Expression in Human Endothelial Cells: Key Implications for COVID-19. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8110462. [PMID: 33143053 PMCID: PMC7693865 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8110462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The two main co-factors needed by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to enter human cells are angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2). Here, we focused on the study of microRNAs that specifically target TMPRSS2. Through a bioinformatic approach, we identified miR-98-5p as a suitable candidate. Since we and others have shown that endothelial cells play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we mechanistically validated miR-98-5p as a regulator of TMPRSS2 transcription in two different human endothelial cell types, derived from the lung and from the umbilical vein. Taken together, our findings indicate that TMPRSS2 represents a valid target in COVID-19 treatment, which may be achieved by specific non-coding-RNA approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Matarese
- Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein-Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (A.M.); (J.G.)
- AORN “Antonio Cardarelli”, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Jessica Gambardella
- Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein-Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (A.M.); (J.G.)
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, “Federico II” University, and International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME), 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Medical Sciences, International University of Health and Medical Sciences “S. Camillo”, 00131 Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein-Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (A.M.); (J.G.)
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, “Federico II” University, and International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME), 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-718-430-3370
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Chen L, Fukuda N, Otsuki T, Tanaka S, Nakamura Y, Kobayashi H, Matsumoto T, Abe M. Increased Complement 3 With Suppression of miR-145 Induces the Synthetic Phenotype in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells From Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 8:e012327. [PMID: 31070083 PMCID: PMC6585333 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.012327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background We previously reported that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) show the increased expression of complement 3 (C3) and the synthetic phenotype. We targeted the SHR C3 gene (C3 knockout [C3KO] SHRs) by the zinc finger gene editing method. In the current study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the increased expression of C3 and the role of endogenous C3 in the synthetic phenotype of SHR VSMCs in comparison to cells from Wistar‐Kyoto (WKY) rats and C3KO SHRs. Methods and Results Nonmuscle myosin heavy chain staining of aortas from SHRs at 1 day after birth was stronger in comparison to WKY rats and C3KO SHRs. DNA synthesis in VSMCs from SHRs was significantly higher in comparison to WKY rats and C3KO SHRs. Immunohistochemical staining of renin and liver X receptor α in VSMCs from SHRs was stronger in comparison to WKY rats and C3KO SHRs. The expression of renin, Krüppel‐like factor 5, and liver X receptor α proteins in VSMCs from SHRs was significantly higher in comparison to WKY rats and C3KO SHRs. The expression of synthetic phenotype markers osteopontin, matrix gla, and l‐caldesmon, growth factors transforming growth factor‐β1 and platelet‐derived growth factor‐A, transcription factors Krüppel‐like factor 5 and liver X receptor α, and angiotensinogen mRNAs in VSMCs from SHRs was significantly higher in comparison to WKY rats and C3KO SHRs. The expression of miR‐145 mRNA in VSMCs from SHRs was suppressed in comparison to cells from WKY rats. miR‐145 inhibitor significantly increased the expression of C3 in VSMCs from WKY rats, but not in cells from SHRs. Conclusions These findings indicate that the increased C3 with the suppression of miR‐145 induces the synthetic phenotype through Krüppel‐like factor 5 and the activation of the renin‐angiotensin system through liver X receptor α in VSMCs from SHRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Chen
- 1 Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation Department of Functional Morphology Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Noboru Fukuda
- 1 Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation Department of Functional Morphology Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan.,2 Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Endocrinology Department of Medicine Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan.,3 Research Center Nihon University Tokyo Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Otsuki
- 2 Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Endocrinology Department of Medicine Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Sho Tanaka
- 2 Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Endocrinology Department of Medicine Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nakamura
- 2 Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Endocrinology Department of Medicine Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- 2 Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Endocrinology Department of Medicine Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Taro Matsumoto
- 1 Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation Department of Functional Morphology Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Masanori Abe
- 2 Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Endocrinology Department of Medicine Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
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Collins L, Binder P, Chen H, Wang X. Regulation of Long Non-coding RNAs and MicroRNAs in Heart Disease: Insight Into Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches. Front Physiol 2020; 11:798. [PMID: 32754048 PMCID: PMC7365882 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide and there is an increasing need to identify new therapeutic targets that could be used to prevent or treat these diseases. Due to recent scientific advances, non-coding RNAs are widely accepted as important regulators of cellular processes, and the identification of an axis of interaction between long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and micro RNAs (miRNAs) has provided another platform through which cardiovascular disease could be targeted therapeutically. Increasing evidence has detailed the importance of these non-coding RNAs, both individually and in an axis of regulation, in the processes and diseases involving the heart. However, further investigation into the consequences of targeting this mechanism, as well as refinement of how the system is targeted, are required before a treatment can be provided in clinic. This level of genomic regulation provides an exciting potential novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Collins
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo Binder
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hongshan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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An Overview of Non-coding RNAs and Cardiovascular System. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1229:3-45. [PMID: 32285403 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-1671-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease management and timely diagnosis remain a major dilemma. Delineating molecular mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases is opening horizon in the field of molecular medicines and in the development of early diagnostic markers. Non-coding RNAs are the highly functional and vibrant nucleic acids and are known to be involved in the regulation of endothelial cells, vascular and smooth muscles cells, cardiac metabolism, ischemia, inflammation and many processes in cardiovascular system. This chapter is comprehensively focusing on the overview of the non-coding RNAs including their discovery, generation, classification and functional regulation. In addition, overview regarding different non-coding RNAs as long non-coding, siRNAs and miRNAs involvement in the cardiovascular diseases is also addressed. Detailed functional analysis of this vast group of highly regulatory molecules will be promising for shaping future drug discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Hiam
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Séverine Lamon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Noncoding RNAs as Biomarkers for Acute Coronary Syndrome. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3298696. [PMID: 32337239 PMCID: PMC7154975 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3298696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), consisting of acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina, is the most dangerous and fatal form of coronary heart disease. Acute coronary syndrome has sudden onset and rapid development, which may lead to malignant life-threatening conditions at any time. Therefore, early detection and diagnosis are critical for patients with ACS. Recent studies have found that noncoding RNA is of great significance in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarized recent data on circulating noncoding RNAs (including microRNA, long noncoding RNA, and circular RNA) as diagnostic and prognostic markers in ACS including acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina. Specifically, microRNAs (miRNAs) as diagnostic markers are divided into three types: miRNAs of increased expression in ACS, miRNAs of decreased expression in ACS, and miRNAs of contradictory expression in ACS. Moreover, we described these miRNAs of increased expression in ACS based on miRNAs family. This review may result in a great guidance of noncoding RNAs as biomarkers for ACS in clinical practice.
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Electroacupuncture Ameliorates Acute Myocardial Ischemia: A Potential Role of the Locus Coeruleus. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:4298657. [PMID: 32328129 PMCID: PMC7150682 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4298657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The locus coeruleus (LC) is closely linked with cardiovascular disease. However, whether it mediates the alleviating effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) remains unclear. A rat model of myocardial ischemia was established through occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Multichannel in vivo recording and other techniques were used to assess neurons in the LC, norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) levels in central and myocardial tissue, serum levels of inflammatory factors, and cardiac function. After induction of AMI, LC neuron activity increased and the central NE concentrations increased, while those of DA decreased. Moreover, the serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) increased, whereas those of interleukin-10 (IL-10) decreased. However, these effects were reversed by EA. Additionally, LC lesioning affected NE and DA levels in myocardial tissue and weakened the antimyocardial ischemic effect of EA. Collectively, our results indicated that LC is closely related to AMI and plays an important role in the antimyocardial ischemic effect of EA. This mechanism may be related to inhibition of LC neuron activity by EA, which inhibits the release of large amounts of hs-CRP and promotes that of IL-10 in the serum. Besides, after LC lesioning, EA may improve cardiac function by inhibiting the release of large amounts of NE and promoting the release of DA in myocardial tissue.
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Wexler Y, Nussinovitch U. The Diagnostic Value of Mir-133a in ST Elevation and Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040793. [PMID: 32218383 PMCID: PMC7226415 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported correlations between plasma microRNA signatures and cardiovascular disease. MicroRNA-133a (Mir-133a) has been researched extensively for its diagnostic value in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). While initial results seemed promising, more recent studies cast doubt on the diagnostic utility of Mir-133a, calling its clinical prospects into question. Here, the diagnostic potential of Mir-133a was analyzed using data from multiple papers. Medline, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched for publications containing “Cardiovascular Disease”, “MicroRNA”, “Mir-133a” and their synonyms. Diagnostic performance was assessed using area under the summary receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC), while examining the impact of age, sex, final diagnosis, and time. Of the 753 identified publications, 9 were included in the quantitative analysis. The pooled AUC for Mir-133a was 0.73. Analyses performed separately on studies using healthy vs. symptomatic controls yielded pooled AUCs of 0.89 and 0.68, respectively. Age and sex were not found to significantly affect diagnostic performance. Our findings indicate that control characteristics and methodological inconsistencies are likely the causes of incongruent reports, and that Mir-133a may have limited use in distinguishing symptomatic patients from those suffering AMI. Lastly, we hypothesized that Mir-133a may find a new use as a risk stratification biomarker in patients with specific subsets of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehuda Wexler
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, POB 9649, Haifa 3109601, Israel;
| | - Udi Nussinovitch
- Applicative Cardiovascular Research Center (ACRC) and Department of Cardiology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba 44281, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-53-526-8535
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Differential Secretion of Angiopoietic Factors and Expression of MicroRNA in Umbilical Cord Blood from Healthy Appropriate-For-Gestational-Age Preterm and Term Newborns- in Search of Biomarkers of Angiogenesis-Related Processes in Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041305. [PMID: 32075190 PMCID: PMC7072966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Premature birth, defined as less than 37 weeks gestation, affects approximately 12% of all live births around the world. Advances in neonatal care have resulted in the increased survival of infants born prematurely. Although prematurity is a known risk factor for different cardiovascular diseases, little is known about the pathophysiology of vasculature during premature gestation and angiopoietic factors network during premature birth. Aims: The objective of this study was to determine whether the profile of several pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors in umbilical cord blood (UCB) is different in healthy appropriate-for-gestational-age preterm newborns and normal term babies. The second aim of this study was to investigate the microRNA (miRNAs) expression profile in UCB from preterm labor and to detect miRNAs potentially taking part in control of angogenesis-related processes (Angio-MiRs). Methods: Using an immunobead Luminex assay, we simultaneously measured the concentration of Angiogenin, Angiopoietin-1, FGF-acidic, FGF-basic, PDGF-aa, PlGF, VEGF, VEGF-D, Endostatin, Thrombospondin-2, NGF, BDNF, GDNF, and NT-4 in UCB samples collected from the preterm (n = 27) and term (n = 52) delivery. In addition, the global microRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) circulating in such UCB samples was examined in this study using microarray MiRNA technique. Results: The concentrations of five from eight measured pro-angiogenic factors (VEGF, Angiopoietin-1, PDGF-AA, FGF-a, and FGF-b) were significantly lower in UCB from preterm newborns. On the contrary, two angiostatic factors (Endostatin and Thrombospondin-2) were significantly up-regulated in preterm UCB. Among analyzed neurotrophins in preterm newborns, the elevated UCB concentration was found only in the case of GDNF, whereas BDNF was significantly reduced. Moreover, two angiopoietic factors, VEGF-D and PlGF, and two neurotrophins, NT4 and NGF, did not differ in concentration in preterm and term babies. We also discovered that among the significantly down-regulated miRNAs, there were several classical Angio-MiRs (inter alia MiR-125, MiR-126, MiR-145, MiR-150, or MiR155), which are involved in angiogenesis regulation in newborn after preterm delivery. Conclusions: This is the first report of simultaneous measurements of several angiopoietic factors in UCB collected from infants during preterm and term labor. Here, we observed that several pro-angiogenic factors were at lower concentration in UCB collected from preterm newborns than term babies. In contrast, the two measured angiostatic factors, Endostatin and Thrombospondin-2, were significantly higher in UCB from preterm babies. This can suggest that distinct pathophysiological contributions from differentially expressed various angiopoietic factors may determine the clinical outcomes after preterm birth. Especially, our angiogenesis-related molecules analysis indicates that preterm birth of healthy, appropriate-for-gestational-age newborns is an “anti-angiogenic state” that may provide an increased risk for improper development and function of cardiovascular system in the adulthood. This work also contributes to a better understanding of the role of miRNAs potentially involved in angiogenesis control in preterm newborns.
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Wang L, Chen X, Wang Y, Zhao L, Zhao X, Wang Y. MiR-30c-5p mediates the effects of panax notoginseng saponins in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting oxidative stress-induced cell damage. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109963. [PMID: 32036220 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia reperfusion (MI/R) injury is a severe pathological process that threatens human health all over the world. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis of MI/R injury has been increasingly recognized in recent years. Here, we conducted a miRNA profiling of the hearts of MI/R injured rat model, and identified 46 miRNAs which were differentially expressed between the MI/R injury and the control groups. With a special focus on one of the most significantly changed miRNA, miR-30c-5p, we demonstrated its protective role against cardiomyocyte injury in tBHP-treated H9c2 cells. Overexpression of miR-30c-5p increased cell viability, decreased LDH release, and reduced cell apoptosis of cardiomyocytes after tBHP stimulation, accompanied with downregulated p53 expression. Noticeably, the level of miR-30c-5p was markedly upregulated in MI/R injury cells treated with panax notoginseng saponins (PNS), a traditional Chinese Medicine with significant clinical effects in the treatment of human MI/R injury. Moreover, miR-30c-5p inhibitor is sufficient to block the protection of PNS, as well as its active ingredient ginsenoside Re, against tBHP induced cardiomyocyte injury. The expression of p53 protein was also reduced in PNS treated cells. In summary, our study identified novel miRNA hits of MI/R injury, revealed a pivotal role of miR-30c-5p in cardiomyocyte damage and apoptosis after MI/R, and illustrated a miR-30c-5p-dependent therapeutic mechanism of PNS of this pathologic process. Future studies are warranted to examine the endogenous significance of miR-30c-5p, along with multiple other miRNA hits, in the pathogenesis and treatment of MI/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linli Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqian Chen
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingchao Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Wang X, Morelli MB, Matarese A, Sardu C, Santulli G. Cardiomyocyte-derived exosomal microRNA-92a mediates post-ischemic myofibroblast activation both in vitro and ex vivo. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:284-288. [PMID: 31981320 PMCID: PMC7083461 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims We hypothesize that specific microRNAs (miRNAs) within cardiomyocyte‐derived exosomes play a pivotal role in the phenoconversion of cardiac myofibroblasts following myocardial infarction (MI). Methods and results We used an established murine model of MI, obtained in vivo via ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. We isolated adult cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts, and we assessed the functional role of cardiomyocyte‐derived exosomes and their molecular cargo in the activation of cardiac fibroblasts. We identified and biologically validated miR‐92a as a transcriptional regulator of mothers against DPP homologues 7 (SMAD7), a known inhibitor of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), established marker of myofibroblast activation. We found that miR‐92a was significantly (P < 0.05) upregulated in cardiomyocyte‐derived exosomes and in fibroblasts isolated after MI compared with SHAM conditions (n ≥ 6/group). We tested the activation of myofibroblasts by measuring the expression levels of αSMA, periostin, and collagen. Primary isolated cardiac fibroblasts were activated both when incubated with cardiomyocyte‐derived exosomes isolated from ischemic cardiomyocytes and when cultured in conditioned medium of post‐MI cardiomyocytes, whereas no significant difference was observed following incubation with exosomes or medium from sham cardiomyocytes. These effects were attenuated when an inhibitor of exosome secretion, GW4869 (10 μM for 12 h) was included in the experimental setting. Through means of specific miR‐92a mimic and miR‐92a inhibitor, we also verified the mechanistic contribution of miR‐92a to the activation of cardiac fibroblasts. Conclusions Our results indicate for the first time that miR‐92a is transferred to fibroblasts in form of exosomal cargo and is critical for cardiac myofibroblast activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujun Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore University Hospital, New York, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Marco Bruno Morelli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore University Hospital, New York, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Alessandro Matarese
- Department of Pneumology and Oncology, AORN "Ospedale dei Colli", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80100, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore University Hospital, New York, NY, 10461, USA.,Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, "Federico II" University, and International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME), 80131, Naples, Italy
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Ooi JYY, Bernardo BC. Translational Potential of Non-coding RNAs for Cardiovascular Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1229:343-354. [PMID: 32285423 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-1671-9_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Y Y Ooi
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Bianca C Bernardo
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Cardiosomal microRNAs Are Essential in Post-Infarction Myofibroblast Phenoconversion. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010201. [PMID: 31892162 PMCID: PMC6982041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The inclusion of microRNAs (miRNAs) in extracellular microvesicles/exosomes (named cardiosomes when deriving from cardiomyocytes) allows their active transportation and ensures cell-cell communication. We hypothesize that cardiosomal miRNAs play a pivotal role in the activation of myofibroblasts following ischemic injury. Using a murine model of myocardial infarction (MI), we tested our hypothesis by measuring in isolated fibroblasts and cardiosomes the expression levels of a set of miRNAs, which are upregulated in cardiomyocytes post-MI and involved in myofibroblast phenoconversion. We found that miR-195 was significantly upregulated in cardiosomes and in fibroblasts isolated after MI compared with SHAM conditions. Moreover, primary isolated cardiac fibroblasts were activated both when incubated with cardiosomes isolated from ischemic cardiomyocytes and when cultured in conditioned medium of post-MI cardiomyocytes, whereas no significant effect was observed following incubation with cardiosomes or medium from sham cardiomyocytes. Taken together, our findings indicate for the first time that a cardiomyocyte-specific miRNA, transferred to fibroblasts in form of exosomal cargo, is crucial in the activation of myofibroblasts.
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Li L, Liu M, He L, Wang S, Cui S. Baicalin relieves TNF-α-evoked injury in human aortic endothelial cells by up-regulation of miR-145. Phytother Res 2019; 34:836-845. [PMID: 31793706 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is recognized to be associated with low-grade inflammation. Baicalin (BAI) is reported to possess various pharmacological including anti-inflammatory activities. This research explored the molecular mechanism by which BAI functions in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). HAECs were pretreated with BAI. Cell viability, apoptosis, and expressions of crucial proteins were respectively evaluated using cell counting kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, and western blot. Productions of cytokines were respectively assessed employing quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell transfection was utilized to alter miR-145 expression. The expressions of proteins participated in JNK and p38MAPK pathways were analyzed utilizing western blot. TNF-α inducement successfully evoked inflammatory injury in HAECs, exhibiting as prominently suppressed viability, while facilitated apoptosis and productions of cytokines. However, BAI pretreatment significantly ameliorated TNF-α-triggered inflammatory injuries. Besides, miR-145 expression was markedly inhibited by TNF-α inducement, while notably elevated by BAI pretreatment. Although miR-145 overexpression had no significant influence on apoptosis, miR-145 silence observably reversed BAI pretreatment-evoked protective influences on TNF-α-induced HAECs, as well as the inhibited impacts on the levels of key proteins involved in JNK and p38MAPK pathways. This investigation illustrated that BAI relieved TNF-α-triggered injuries through upregulating miR-145 via suppressing JNK and p38MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Department of Hypertension, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Hypertension, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lianman He
- Department of Hypertension, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Hypertension, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuxian Cui
- Department of Hypertension, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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40
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Oses M, Margareto Sanchez J, Portillo MP, Aguilera CM, Labayen I. Circulating miRNAs as Biomarkers of Obesity and Obesity-Associated Comorbidities in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11122890. [PMID: 31783635 PMCID: PMC6950354 DOI: 10.3390/nu11122890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection of obesity and its associated comorbidities in children needs priority for the development of effective therapeutic intervention. Circulating miRNAs (microRNAs) have been proposed as biomarkers for obesity and its comorbidities; therefore, we conducted a systematic review to summarize results of studies that have quantified the profile of miRNAs in children and adolescents with obesity and/or associated disorders. Nine studies aiming to examine differences in miRNA expression levels between children with normal weight and obesity or between obese children with or without cardiometabolic diseases were included in this review. We identified four miRNAs overexpressed in obesity (miR-222, miR-142-3, miR-140-5p, and miR-143) and two miRNAs (miR-122 and miR-34a) overexpressed in children with obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and/or insulin resistance. In conclusion, circulating miRNAs are promising diagnostic biomarkers of obesity-associated diseases such as NAFLD and type 2 diabetes already in childhood. However, more studies in children, using massive search technology and with larger sample sizes, are required to draw any firm conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddi Oses
- Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain, Public University of Navarre, Jeronimo de Ayanz Building, Campus de Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-636818502
| | | | - Maria P. Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Public University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain;
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Network CB12/03/30038), Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria BIOARABA, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Concepción María Aguilera
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Network CB12/03/30038), Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM), University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Armilla, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Idoia Labayen
- Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain, Public University of Navarre, Jeronimo de Ayanz Building, Campus de Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona, Spain;
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Boen JRA, Gevaert AB, De Keulenaer GW, Van Craenenbroeck EM, Segers VFM. The role of endothelial miRNAs in myocardial biology and disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 138:75-87. [PMID: 31756323 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.11.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The myocardium is a highly structured pluricellular tissue which is governed by an intricate network of intercellular communication. Endothelial cells are the most abundant cell type in the myocardium and exert crucial roles in both healthy myocardium and during myocardial disease. In the last decade, microRNAs have emerged as new actors in the regulation of cellular function in almost every cell type. Here, we review recent evidence on the regulatory function of different microRNAs expressed in endothelial cells, also called endothelial microRNAs, in healthy and diseased myocardium. Endothelial microRNA emerged as modulators of angiogenesis in the myocardium, they are implicated in the paracrine role of endothelial cells in regulating cardiac contractility and homeostasis, and interfere in the crosstalk between endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jente R A Boen
- Research group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR Department, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Andreas B Gevaert
- Research group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR Department, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium.
| | - Gilles W De Keulenaer
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, ZNA Middelheim Hospital, Lindendreef 1, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Emeline M Van Craenenbroeck
- Research group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR Department, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium.
| | - Vincent F M Segers
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium; Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
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Li XY, Chen K, Lv ZT. APRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis determining the association of miRNA polymorphisms and risk of congenital heart disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17653. [PMID: 31702616 PMCID: PMC6855655 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent genetic association studies showed conflicting results on the relationship of miRNA single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and congenital heart disease (CHD) risk. The purpose of the present systematic review was to collect the current available evidences to evaluate the association between miRNA polymorphisms and CHD risk. METHODS Four electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, and CENTRAL were extensively searched for relevant studies published before February, 2019. Observational studies determining the association between miRNA polymorphisms and risk of CHD were included. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale by 2 independent researchers. Major characteristics of each study and estimation of effect size of individual locus polymorphism were summarized. In addition, meta-analysis was performed to quantify the associations between miRNA polymorphisms and CHD risk. RESULTS Nine studies containing 6502 CHD patients and 6969 healthy controls were included in this systematic review. Ten loci in 9 miRNAs were reported. Only rs11614913 in miR-196a2 was determined to have significant associations with CHD susceptibility, which was supported by meta-analysis (CC vs CT+TT: odds ratio 1.54, 95% confidence interval 1.30, 1.82; P < .00001). A strong evidence indicated lack of association between rs2910164 in miR-146a and CHD. Limited or conflicting evidences were found for the associations of the other variants (rs11134527, rs139365823, rs76987351, rs3746444, rs4938723, rs2292832, rs41291957, rs895819) and risk of CHD. CONCLUSIONS Locus polymorphisms in miRNAs are not generally associated with CHD. Only rs11614913 was found to have significant associations with CHD. Further studies will be needed, using larger populations of different ethnicities, to obtain a better understanding of these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Yan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui
| | - Zheng-Tao Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Zhao J, Sang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Chen J, Liu X. Efficacy of levetiracetam combined with sodium valproate on pediatric epilepsy and its effect on serum miR-106b in children. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:4436-4442. [PMID: 31777547 PMCID: PMC6862620 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficacy of levetiracetam (LEV) combined with sodium valproate (SV) on pediatric epilepsy and its effect on serum miR-106b in children were investigated. One hundred and twenty children with epilepsy in Xuzhou Children's Hospital from July 2015 to July 2017 were enrolled, and divided into control group (n=60) and observation group (n=60) according to random sampling. Additionally, 100 children undergoing normal physical examination were collected as normal group. Patients in the control group were treated with SV, and patients in the observation group were treated with SV and LEV. RT-qPCR was used for detecting the relative expression of serum miR-106b in children. The clinical efficacy was evaluated. After treatment, the relative expression of serum miR-106b in the control group was significantly higher than that in the observation group (P<0.05). The difference in the control group was smaller than that in the observation group (P<0.05). According to the ROC curve analysis, when the cut-off value was 1.442, the sensitivity, specificity and area under curve (AUC) of miR-106b in the diagnosis of pediatric epilepsy were 94.00, 64.17 and 0.833 respectively. The clinical efficacy in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group (P<0.05). Spearman's test showed that the expression of miR-106b gradually decreased with the continuous improvement of the clinical efficacy (P<0.05). The AUC of miR-106b was 0.833, 95% CI: 0.779 to 0.887, the cut-off was 1.442. LEV combined with SV is effective in the treatment of children with epilepsy, and does not increase the clinical ADR. The expression of serum miR-106b in children can be used as a clinical prognostic indicator and a potential diagnostic indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqiang Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Yan Sang
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Dongli Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
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Kumar N, Dougherty JA, Manring HR, Elmadbouh I, Mergaye M, Czirok A, Greta Isai D, Belevych AE, Yu L, Janssen PML, Fadda P, Gyorke S, Ackermann MA, Angelos MG, Khan M. Assessment of temporal functional changes and miRNA profiling of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13188. [PMID: 31515494 PMCID: PMC6742647 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49653-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) have been developed for cardiac cell transplantation studies more than a decade ago. In order to establish the hiPSC-CM-based platform as an autologous source for cardiac repair and drug toxicity, it is vital to understand the functionality of cardiomyocytes. Therefore, the goal of this study was to assess functional physiology, ultrastructural morphology, gene expression, and microRNA (miRNA) profiling at Wk-1, Wk-2 & Wk-4 in hiPSC-CMs in vitro. Functional assessment of hiPSC-CMs was determined by multielectrode array (MEA), Ca2+ cycling and particle image velocimetry (PIV). Results demonstrated that Wk-4 cardiomyocytes showed enhanced synchronization and maturation as compared to Wk-1 & Wk-2. Furthermore, ultrastructural morphology of Wk-4 cardiomyocytes closely mimicked the non-failing (NF) adult human heart. Additionally, modulation of cardiac genes, cell cycle genes, and pluripotency markers were analyzed by real-time PCR and compared with NF human heart. Increasing expression of fatty acid oxidation enzymes at Wk-4 supported the switching to lipid metabolism. Differential regulation of 12 miRNAs was observed in Wk-1 vs Wk-4 cardiomyocytes. Overall, this study demonstrated that Wk-4 hiPSC-CMs showed improved functional, metabolic and ultrastructural maturation, which could play a crucial role in optimizing timing for cell transplantation studies and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Kumar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart Lung and Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Julie A Dougherty
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart Lung and Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Heather R Manring
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ibrahim Elmadbouh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart Lung and Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Muhamad Mergaye
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart Lung and Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andras Czirok
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Dona Greta Isai
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Andriy E Belevych
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lianbo Yu
- Center for Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Paul M L Janssen
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Paolo Fadda
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sandor Gyorke
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Maegen A Ackermann
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mark G Angelos
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart Lung and Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mahmood Khan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart Lung and Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA. .,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Silva IVG, de Figueiredo RC, Rios DRA. Effect of Different Classes of Antihypertensive Drugs on Endothelial Function and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143458. [PMID: 31337127 PMCID: PMC6678872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is characterized by structural and functional changes in blood vessels that travel with increased arterial stiffness, vascular inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Some antihypertensive drugs have been shown to improve endothelial function and reduce levels of inflammatory markers regardless of the effect of blood pressure lowering. Third-generation β-blockers, such as nebivolol and carvedilol, because they have additional properties, have been shown to improve endothelial function in patients with hypertension. Calcium channel antagonists, because they have antioxidant effects, may improve endothelial function and vascular inflammation.The Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARBs) are able to improve endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation in patients with hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have shown beneficial effects on endothelial function in patients with hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases, however there are few studies evaluating the effect of treatment with this class on the reduction of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Further studies are needed to assess whether treatment of endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation may improve the prognosis of patients with essential hypertension.
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Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Heart Failure: Assessment, Findings, Significance, and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133198. [PMID: 31261886 PMCID: PMC6651535 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a complex syndrome that results from structural and functional disturbances that affect the ability of the heart to supply oxygen to tissues. It largely affects and reduces the patient's quality of life, socio-economic status, and imposes great costs on health care systems worldwide. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is a newly discovered phenomenon that contributes greatly to the pathophysiology of numerous cardiovascular conditions and commonly co-exists with chronic heart failure. However, the literature lacks clarity as to which heart failure patients might be affected, its significance in CHF patients, and its reversibility with pharmacological and non-pharmacological means. This review will emphasize all these points and summarize them for future researchers interested in vascular pathophysiology in this particular patient population. It will help to direct future studies for better characterization of these two phenomena for the potential discovery of therapeutic targets that might reduce future morbidity and mortality in this "at risk" population.
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Cui X, Guo Y, Wang Q, Li X. MiR‐199‐3p–Dnmt3a–STAT3 signalling pathway in ovalbumin‐induced allergic rhinitis. Exp Physiol 2019; 104:1286-1295. [PMID: 31124216 DOI: 10.1113/ep087751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Cui
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryQianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University 16766 Jingshi Road Jinan 250014 Shandong China
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong University, NHC key laboratory of Otolaryngology 107 West Wenhua Road Jinan 250012 Shandong China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryQianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University 16766 Jingshi Road Jinan 250014 Shandong China
| | - Qirong Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryQianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University 16766 Jingshi Road Jinan 250014 Shandong China
| | - Xuezhong Li
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong University, NHC key laboratory of Otolaryngology 107 West Wenhua Road Jinan 250012 Shandong China
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Hijmans JG, Levy M, Garcia V, Lincenberg GM, Diehl KJ, Greiner JJ, Stauffer BL, DeSouza CA. Insufficient sleep is associated with a pro-atherogenic circulating microRNA signature. Exp Physiol 2019; 104:975-982. [PMID: 31016755 DOI: 10.1113/ep087469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of the study Is habitual short sleep associated with altered circulating levels of specific inflammation- and vascular-related microRNAs? What is the main finding and its importance? Circulating levels of miR-125a, miR-126 and miR-146a were significantly lower in the short sleep compared with the normal sleep group. Altered circulating profiles of these vascular-related microRNAs have been linked to vascular inflammation, dysfunction and increased cardiovascular disease events. Sleep-related changes in these microRNAs are consistent with, and might play a role in, the aberrant vascular physiology and increased vascular risk associated with short sleep. ABSTRACT Habitual short sleep duration (<7 h night-1 ) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality attributable, in large part, to increased inflammatory burden and endothelial dysfunction. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in regulating vascular health, and circulating levels are now recognized to be sensitive and specific biomarkers of cardiovascular function, inflammation and disease. The aim of this study was to determine whether the expression of circulating miR-34a, miR-92a, miR-125a, miR-126, miR-145, miR-146a and miR-150 is disrupted in adults who habitually sleep <7 h night-1 (short sleep). These were chosen based upon their well-established links with vascular inflammation, function and, in turn, cardiovascular risk. Twenty-four adults were studied: 12 with normal nightly sleep duration (six men and six women; age, 55 ± 3 years old; sleep duration, ≥7.0 h night-1 ) and 12 with short nightly sleep duration (seven men and five women; 55 ± 2 years old; sleep duration, <7 h night-1 ), and circulating miRNA expression was assayed by RT-PCR. All subjects were non-smokers, normolipidaemic, non-medicated and free of overt cardiovascular disease. Circulating levels of miR-125a (3.07 ± 1.98 versus 7.34 ± 5.34 a.u.), miR-126 [1.28 (0.42-2.51) versus 1.78 (1.29-4.80) a.u.] and miR-146a [2.55 (1.00-4.80) versus 6.46 (1.50-11.44) a.u.] were significantly lower (∼60, 40 and 60%, respectively) in the short compared with the normal sleep group. However, there were no significant group differences in circulating levels of miR-34a, miR-92a, miR-145 and miR-150. In summary, chronic short sleep is associated with a marked reduction in circulating levels of miR-125a, miR-126 and miR-146a. Dysregulation of these miRNAs might contribute to the increased inflammatory burden and endothelial dysfunction associated with habitual insufficient sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie G Hijmans
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Ma'ayan Levy
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Vinicius Garcia
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Grace M Lincenberg
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Kyle J Diehl
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Jared J Greiner
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Brian L Stauffer
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.,Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Center, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, 80262, USA.,Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO, 80204, USA
| | - Christopher A DeSouza
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.,Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Center, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, 80262, USA
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49
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Lynch SM, Ward M, McNulty H, Angel CZ, Horigan G, Strain JJ, Purvis J, Tackett M, McKenna DJ. Serum levels of miR-199a-5p correlates with blood pressure in premature cardiovascular disease patients homozygous for the MTHFR 677C > T polymorphism. Genomics 2019; 112:669-676. [PMID: 31029863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This investigation profiled circulating serum concentrations of microRNAs (miRNAs) in premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients screened for the 677C > T polymorphism in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), a risk factor for hypertension. Serum samples from 75 premature CVD patients of known MTHFR genotype were analysed for CVD-related miRNA expression, to identify those that were associated with blood pressure. Samples were collected at baseline and following intervention with riboflavin as part of a randomized controlled trial. In patients with the MTHFR 677TT genotype, expression of miR-199a-5p in serum was inversely correlated with hypertension at baseline, and with change in blood pressure in TT genotype patients who responded to riboflavin intervention. These correlations were not observed in MTHFR 677CC genotype patients. In vitro experiments and in silico data analysis provided evidence that miR-199a-5p targets SMAD4. This is the first study to link miR-199a-5p expression with hypertension in a genetically at-risk cohort of premature CVD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seodhna M Lynch
- Genomic Medicine Research Group, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Mary Ward
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Helene McNulty
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - C Zoe Angel
- Genomic Medicine Research Group, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Geraldine Horigan
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - J J Strain
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - John Purvis
- Department of Cardiology, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Western Health and Social Care Trust, Derry, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Mike Tackett
- Abcam, One Kendall Square Suite B2304, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Declan J McKenna
- Genomic Medicine Research Group, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK.
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50
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Adhikary D, Ranjan R, Mandal S, Hawlader MDH, Mitra DK, Adhikary AB. Prevalence of carotid artery stenosis in ischaemic heart disease patients in Bangladesh. SAGE Open Med 2019; 7:2050312119830838. [PMID: 30800301 PMCID: PMC6378417 DOI: 10.1177/2050312119830838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Concurrent carotid artery stenosis and ischaemic heart disease rates are increasing day by day in Bangladesh. Moreover, carotid artery stenosis has been identified as a high-risk factor for postoperative ischaemic cerebral inconvenience following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was performed to evaluate 200 study patients from July 2017 to June 2018. Patients with coronary artery disease scheduled for isolated elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery were included in the study, excluding those with coexisting valvular or congenital heart disease and emergency coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Results: About two-thirds of the study patients were 50–59 years old, with a mean age of 57.7 ± 3.06 years. Approximately 70% patients were male; the male:female ratio was 2.1:1. Most of the patients (74.5%) were Muslim. The majority of patients (59.0%) were overweight, and severe carotid artery stenosis was significantly higher in obese patients (p ⩽ 0.05). Furthermore, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were significantly associated with moderate to severe carotid artery stenosis (p ⩽ 0.05). Multi-vessel coronary artery disease was significantly associated with the severity of carotid artery stenosis. Bilateral carotid artery stenosis was significantly associated with the severity of carotid artery stenosis (p ⩽ 0.05). Conclusion: Routine duplex screening will identify significant carotid artery disease and will subsequently reduce the risk of perioperative stroke in ischaemic heart disease patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Redoy Ranjan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sabita Mandal
- Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Dipak Kumar Mitra
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Asit Baran Adhikary
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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