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Correia LL, Machado MMT, Vieira-Meyer APGF, Araújo DABS, Gomes EDABM, Saldanha AB, Rodrigues RDCR, Gomes YVC, Castro MC. Domestic violence patterns in postpartum women who delivered during the COVID-19 pandemic. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2024; 27:e240022. [PMID: 38655948 PMCID: PMC11027430 DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720240022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To longitudinally assess domestic violence (DV) during the postpartum period, identifying types, patterns and determinants of DV, according to mothers' reports in Fortaleza, Brazil. METHODS Data from the Iracema-COVID cohort study interviewed at home mothers who gave birth in the first wave of COVID-19, at 18 and 24 months after birth. Patterns of reported DV were classified as follows: no DV, interrupted DV, started DV and persistent DV. Adjusted multinomial logistic regressions were used to assess factors associated with persistent DV. RESULTS DV was reported by 19 and 24% of the mothers at 18 and 24 months postpartum, respectively, a 5 percentage points increase. Persistent DV was present in 11% of the households in the period. The most frequent forms of DV were verbal aggression, reported by 17-20% of the mothers at 18 and 24 months, respectively; drunkenness or use of drugs at home, present in 3-5% of the households; physical aggression, reported by 1.2-1.6% of the mothers. Households with two or more forms of DV increased from 2 to 12% in the period. Adjusted factors associated with persistent DV were maternal common mental disorder, family headed by the mother and head of family's poor schooling. Food insecurity was associated with starting DV. CONCLUSION Prevalence of DV was considerably high in the postpartum period. DV prevention policies should rely on improving care to women's mental health; preventing food insecurity; and fostering the educational level of young people of both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Lima Correia
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Department of Community Health – Fortaleza (CE), Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Márcia Caldas Castro
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Global Health and Population – Boston (MA), USA
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Wedajo LF, Mamo AM, Alemu SS, Mesfin BA. Extended postpartum intimate partner violence and its associated factors: community-based cross-sectional study design. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:501. [PMID: 37730570 PMCID: PMC10512573 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02649-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence is a global problem that threatens mothers. It has multidimensional consequences but has not gained attention from scholars after childbirth. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of extended postpartum intimate partner violence and its associated factors. METHOD A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed among 570 postpartum mothers in Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia, from May 21st to June 21st, 2022. A pretested, face-to-face interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used. The level of statistical significance was declared at P < 0.05 with a 95% CI. RESULTS Overall, the prevalence of extended postpartum intimate partner violence was 45% (95% CI: 40.89, 49.20). Participants whose husband has no formal education (AOR = 3.62; 95%CI: 1.32, 9.90) and only secondary education (AOR = 2.96; 95%CI: 1.56, 5.48), husband alcohol consumption (AOR = 1.73; 95%CI: 1.06, 2.80), husband dominance in decision-making (AOR = 1.94; 95%CI: 1.13, 3.33), husband disappointment in the gender of the baby (AOR = 2.13; 95%CI: 1.28, 3.56), previous history of intimate partner violence (AOR = 5.71; 95%CI: 3.59, 9.07), and low social support (AOR = 4.37; 95%CI: 2.53, 7.55) were significantly associated factors. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The prevalence of extended postpartum intimate partner violence was found to be high. Thus, increasing awareness of husbands with no formal education and having lower academic achievement, incorporating maternal social support assessment into maternity and child health care; teaching on alcohol reduction behavior and gender roles; and screening of mothers during the prenatal period should be given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lema Fikadu Wedajo
- Department of Midwifery, College of medical and Health Sciences, Mettu University, Metu, Ethiopia.
| | - Abera Mersha Mamo
- Departments of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Seyife Alemu
- Department of Midwifery, College of medical and Health Sciences, Mettu University, Metu, Ethiopia
| | - Bezawit Afework Mesfin
- Departments of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
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Lamaro T, Enqueselassie F, Deyessa N, Burusie A, Dessalegn B, Sisay D. The pooled prevalence of perinatal partner violence against postpartum women for index child: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15119. [PMID: 37089356 PMCID: PMC10113858 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The continuous intimate partner violence against postpartum women (perinatal partner violence) is an important indicator of severe violence. However, its prevalence estimates remain dissimilar and show a high variability for three mutually exclusive time periods for index birth: before, during, and after pregnancy. Therefore, this study aimed to determine pooled prevalence of continuous violence against postpartum women (VAPW) for the index child. Method We performed a comprehensive search for PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, POPLINE, Google, and Google Scholar databases. We included studies reporting the prevalence of VAPW for index child. The meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 14 software, and the forest plot was used to present the pooled estimate. Cochrane Q-statistics and І2 were used to assess heterogeneity. Funnel plots, Egger's, and Begg's tests were used to check publication bias. Result This systematic review and meta-analysis included a total of sixteen studies with a total of 36,758 participants. The overall pooled prevalence of VAPW for the index child was 9.96% (95% CI: 8.30%, 11.59%). The pooled estimate of lifetime VAPW for index child was 29.27% (95% CI: 23.26%, 35.27%). The overall estimates of lifetime physical, sexual, and psychological VAPW were 11.35%, 6.3%, and 14.74% respectively. In Sub-group analysis, the summary estimate was higher for low-middle income countries, 35.07% (95%CI: 10.15%, 59.98%) and low-income countries, 17.40% (95% CI: 14.08%, 20.72%) than for high-income settings (3.27%, 95% CI: 2.18%, 4.37%). Conclusion Approximately one out of every ten postpartum women experiences ongoing violence for the index child. When compared to postpartum women in high-income countries, a significant proportion of postpartum women in low- and middle-income countries experience continuous violence. This calls for a universal routine screening program in the continuum of care and working proactively on community-level intervention that prevent violence against women.
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Multilevel analysis of factors associated with perinatal intimate partner violence among postpartum population in Southern Ethiopia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19013. [PMID: 36347930 PMCID: PMC9643427 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23645-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Violence around pregnancy is critical in nature and major public health problem worldwide. Thus, the present study aims to determine the extent of perinatal partner violence and to identify its individual and community-level factors among postpartum women in Southern Ethiopia. A total of 1342 postpartum women nested in 38 'Kebles' (clusters) were enumerated using multistage-clustered sampling techniques for multilevel analysis. Different parameters were computed for model comparison and model fitness. The overall prevalence of intimate partner violence before, during, and/or after pregnancy was estimated to be 39.9% [95% CI 36.9-44.5]. About 18% of women reported continuous abuse over the perinatal period. Postpartum women who live in rural areas [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.46; 95% CI 1.21-5.01], or in neighborhoods with high IPV favoring norms [AOR = 1.49; 95%CI 1.01-2.20], high female literacy [AOR = 2.84; 95%CI 1.62-5.01], high female autonomy [AOR = 2.06; 95%CI 1.36-3.12], or in neighborhoods with lower wealth status [AOR = 1.74; 95%CI 1.14-2.66] were more likely to encounter PIPV. The complex patterns of interplaying factors operating at different levels could put pregnant or postpartum women at higher risk of IPV victimization. Therefore, policies that prioritize the improvement of contextual factors, particularly norms toward IPV and women's empowerment are likely to be the most effective interventions.
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5
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Yang Y, Zhang M, Bo HX, Zhang DY, Ma LK, Wang PH, Liu XH, Ge LN, Lin WX, Xu Y, Zhang YL, Li FJ, Xu XJ, Wu HH, Jackson T, Ungvari GS, Cheung T, Meng LR, Xiang YT. Secondhand smoking exposure and quality of life among pregnant and postnatal women: a network approach. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e060635. [PMID: 36113943 PMCID: PMC9486354 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the prevalence of exposure to secondhand smoke, its correlates and its association with quality of life (QOL) among pregnant and postnatal Chinese women. DESIGN This was a multicentre, cross-sectional study. SETTING Participants were consecutively recruited from eight tertiary hospitals located in eight municipalities or provinces in China. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1140 women were invited to join this study and 992 (87.02%) completed all measures. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME Measures women's secondhand smoking behaviour (frequency and location of exposure to secondhand smoking), and their QOL measured by the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 211 women (21.3%, 95% CI 18.7% to 23.8%) had been exposed to secondhand smoking. Exposure to secondhand smoking was most common in public areas (56.4%), and residential homes (20.5%), while workplaces had the lowest rate of exposure (13.7%). Women with physical comorbidities were more likely to report secondhand smoking exposure, while older women, women living in urban areas, those with college or higher education level, and women in their second trimester were less likely to report exposure to secondhand smoking. Network analysis revealed that there were six significant links between secondhand smoke and QOL items. The strongest negative edge was the connection between secondhand smoke and QOL9 ('physical environment health', edge weight=-0.060), while the strongest positive edge was the connection between secondhand smoke and QOL3 ('pain and discomfort', edge weight=0.037). CONCLUSION The prevalence of exposure to secondhand smoking is becoming lower among pregnant and postnatal women in China compared with findings reported in previous studies. Legal legislation should be maintained and promptly enforced to establish smoke-free environments in both public and private urban/rural areas for protection of pregnant and postnatal women, especially those who are physically vulnerable and less educated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Xin Bo
- Department of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Ying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Liang-Kun Ma
- Department of Obstetrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Pei-Hong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiehe Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Shuangliu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li-Na Ge
- Department of Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wen-Xuan Lin
- Department of Obstetrics, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Lan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Feng-Juan Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xu-Juan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong-He Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Nantong Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Todd Jackson
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao SAR, Macau, China
| | - Gabor S Ungvari
- Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Notre Dame, Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Teris Cheung
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li-Rong Meng
- School of Health Sciences, Macau Polytechnic Institute, Macao SAR, Macau, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, Macau, China
- Center for Cognition and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, Macau, China
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Bo HX, Yang Y, Chen J, Zhang M, Li Y, Zhang DY, Li Y, Li R, Cheung T, Ng CH, Wu XJ, Xiang YT. Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms Among Pregnant and Postpartum Women in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychosom Med 2021; 83:345-350. [PMID: 33337594 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE According to recent studies, the COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with an increased risk of mental health problems across many subpopulations including pregnant and postnatal women. This study examined the prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms (depression hereafter) in Chinese pregnant and postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This was a multicenter, cross-sectional study comprising 1309 pregnant and postpartum women across 12 provinces in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. Depression was assessed using the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire. Univariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS The prevalence of depression in pregnant and postpartum women was 27.43% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 25.01%-29.85%). Women who were worried about themselves or their babies being infected with COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR] = 2.562, 95% CI = 1.670-3.929), and those who had delayed regular medical checkups (OR = 2.434, 95% CI = 1.580-3.750) were at higher risk of depression. Compared with those living in central and western parts of China, women living in northern (OR = 0.513, 95% CI = 0.326-0.807) and southeastern parts of China (OR = 0.626, 95% CI = 0.463-0.846) were less likely to have depression. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with an increased likelihood of mental health problems among pregnant and postnatal women. Over a quarter of the pregnant and postpartum women in China had depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. Considering the negative health impact of depression, preventive measures, regular mental health screening, and medical checkups are needed with the goal to reduce the risk of depression in this vulnerable population during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xin Bo
- From the Department of Nursing (Bo), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing; Unit of Psychiatry, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences (Yang, Xiang), University of Macau; Center for Cognition and Brain Sciences (Yang, Xiang), University of Macau, Macao SAR; Department of Psychiatry (Yang), Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangdong; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (Chen, M. Zhang, D.Y. Zhang, Y. Li, Y. Li, R. Li), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing; School of Nursing (Cheung), Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; and Department of Psychiatry (Ng), The Melbourne Clinic and St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Richmond, Victoria, Australia
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Mojahed A, Alaidarous N, Kopp M, Pogarell A, Thiel F, Garthus-Niegel S. Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence Among Intimate Partners During the Perinatal Period: A Narrative Literature Review. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:601236. [PMID: 33633606 PMCID: PMC7900188 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.601236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects individuals and families from all backgrounds, regardless of their ethnicity, socio-economic status, sexual orientation, or religion. Pregnancy and childbirth could be a time of vulnerability to violence because of changes in physical, emotional, social, and economic demands and needs. Prevalence of IPV against women during the perinatal period is increasingly researched and documented. However, evidence on IPV prevalence among intimate partners as well as on the course of IPV over the perinatal period is scarce. The purpose of this review was to provide a narrative synthesis of the existing literature regarding the prevalence estimates of IPV among intimate partners over the perinatal period. Through this review, we also gained better insight into associated factors, as well as the various forms of IPV. Of the 766 studies assessing prevalence estimates identified, 86 were included, where 80 studies focused on unidirectional IPV (i.e., perpetrated by men against women) and six studies investigated bidirectional IPV (i.e., IPV perpetrated by both partners). Most of the included studies reported lower overall prevalence rates for unidirectional IPV postpartum (range: 2-58%) compared to pregnancy (range: 1.5-66.9%). Psychological violence was found to be the most prevalent form of violence during the entire perinatal period. Studies on bidirectional IPV mostly reported women's perpetration to be almost as high as that of their partner or even higher, yet their findings need to be interpreted with caution. In addition, our results also highlighted the associated factors of IPV among partners, in which they were assimilated into a multi-level ecological model and were analyzed through an intersectional framework. Based on our findings, IPV is found to be highly prevalent during the entire perinatal period and in populations suffering from social inequalities. Further research exploring not only the occurrence, but also the motivations and the context of the bidirectionality of IPV during the perinatal period may facilitate better understanding of the detrimental consequences on partners and their families, as well as the development of effective intervention strategies. Public health prevention approaches intervening at optimal times during the perinatal period are also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amera Mojahed
- Institute and Policlinic of Occupational and Social Medicine, Medical Faculty, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nada Alaidarous
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Marie Kopp
- Institute and Policlinic of Occupational and Social Medicine, Medical Faculty, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anneke Pogarell
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Freya Thiel
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susan Garthus-Niegel
- Institute and Policlinic of Occupational and Social Medicine, Medical Faculty, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Bhatta N, Assanangkornchai S, Rajbhandari I. Does husband's alcohol consumption increase the risk of domestic violence during the pregnancy and postpartum periods in Nepalese women? BMC Public Health 2021; 21:5. [PMID: 33390166 PMCID: PMC7780634 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-10021-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Domestic violence against women during pregnancy and the postpartum period not only violates the human rights of women but also harms on the health of both mother and child. Domestic violence is entrenching in social norms, customs and structural factors against women in Nepal. The use of alcohol also exacerbates domestic violence. The objective of this study was to determine the association between domestic violence against women and husband’s drinking behavior across the periods of pregnancy and postpartum. Methods This study was a cross-sectional study conducted in the antenatal care and postnatal care clinics of a government hospital in Kathmandu district. Among 660 women (aged 15–49), 165 women were consecutively recruited from each trimester of pregnancy and the postpartum period. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were computed from a multivariate logistic regression model to determine the association between domestic violence against women and the husband’s drinking behavior. Results Women whose husbands drank alcohol were twice as likely to suffer from domestic violence, compared to those women whose husbands did not drink (AOR = 2.12; 95% CI: 1.4–3.2), independently of their socio-demographic status. Women suffered from domestic violence in each period of pregnancy and postpartum due to their husband’s drinking habits, but the most affected period was the second trimester of pregnancy. Among women who suffered from physical, psychological and sexual violence during the pregnancy and postpartum periods, 70.2, 67.9, and 64.2% respectively experienced violence due to their husband’s drinking habit. Other associated factors for domestic violence included the ethnic culture of Janjati ethnicity, illiteracy of the women, duration of marriage 2–5 years (compared to one year or less) and a husband who behaved in a controlling manner. Conclusions Having a husband who has alcohol drinking behavior is an important risk factor for domestic violence against women in the pregnancy and postpartum periods. Screening of alcohol use in husbands will not prevent domestic violence but could lead to a referral to integrated treatment for alcohol and domestic violence treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-020-10021-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan Bhatta
- Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand.
| | | | - Ishwari Rajbhandari
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Neurological Referral Center, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
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Zhang Y, Sun H, Li W, Luo X, Liu T, Fang F, Xiao J, Garg S, Yang Y, Chen Y. Maternal and Paternal Depression During Pregnancy in China: Prevalence, Correlates, and Network Analysis. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:2269-2280. [PMID: 34285487 PMCID: PMC8286081 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s321675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a commonly seen mental health concern for mothers and fathers during their transition to parenthood. This study aims to provide new insights into the prevalence of maternal and paternal depression, its demographic and clinical correlates, and its symptom network among Chinese pregnant women and their partners. METHODS In this multicenter, cross-sectional study, 769 pregnant women and their partners were assessed by Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) from June 15th to Sep 15th, 2020 in southern China. Convenient sampling method was used. Univariate analyses, multivariate logistic regression, and network analyses were conducted. Networks of maternal and paternal depression were compared. RESULTS In total, 60 (EPDS total score ≥13, 7.80%, 95% CI: 5.90-9.70%) women and 23 (2.99%, 95% CI: 1.78-4.20%) of these women's partners reported depression. Physical comorbidities (OR=2.664, P=0.003) was the only factor that was found to significantly correlate with maternal depression. Network analyses showed that the resulting networks were well connected and that there was significant difference of network structure between maternal and paternal depression (M=0.330, P<0.001). Centrality plot indicated that "sad or miserable" (strength=1.097) was the most central symptom in the maternal depression network, while "scared or panicky" (strength=1.091) was the most central node in the paternal network. The edge between "things have been getting on top of me" - "able to laugh and see the funny side of things" (difference: 0.153, P=0.020), and "scared or panicky" - "the thought of harming myself" (difference: 0.084, P<0.001) was significantly stronger in women's partners than that in pregnant women. CONCLUSION Maternal and paternal depression during pregnancy could result in significant negative consequences. Symptoms like "sad or miserable" and "scared or panicky" are critical and might be potential targets for further interventions. Evidence-based treatments, such as pharmacology, psychotherapy, community reinforcement and family training, might be beneficial for parents with depression during and after the pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengwen Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wengao Li
- Department of Psychiatry, 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Fang
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Julan Xiao
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Samradhvi Garg
- School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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10
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Bo HX, Yang Y, Zhang DY, Zhang M, Wang PH, Liu XH, Ge LN, Lin WX, Xu Y, Zhang YL, Li FJ, Xu XJ, Wu HH, Jackson T, Ungvari GS, Cheung T, Xiang YT. The Prevalence of Depression and Its Association With Quality of Life Among Pregnant and Postnatal Women in China: A Multicenter Study. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:656560. [PMID: 33868059 PMCID: PMC8046909 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.656560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study examined the prevalence of depressive symptoms (depression hereafter) and its association with quality of life (QOL) among pregnant and postnatal women in China. Methods: In this multi-center, cross-sectional study, 1,060 pregnant and postnatal women from eight hospitals were assessed. Depression and QOL were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire - brief version, respectively. Results: The prevalence of depression was 7.45% (95% CI: 5.87-9.04%) in the sample. Women with depression had lower QOL in physical, psychological, social and environmental domains compared to those without. Women with physical comorbidities were more likely to suffer from depression (OR = 2.391, 95% CI = 1.384-4.130, P = 0.002). Conclusion: Due to its negative association with QOL, increased attention should be paid to depression in pregnant and postnatal women. Regular screening assessment and preventive measures should be adopted to reduce risk of depression in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xin Bo
- Department of Nursing, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.,Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Ying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pei-Hong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Tongji Medical College, Union Medical College Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Shuangliu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Na Ge
- Department of Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wen-Xuan Lin
- Department of Obstetrics, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Lan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Feng-Juan Li
- Department of Nursing, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Xu-Juan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hong-He Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Nantong Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Todd Jackson
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Gabor S Ungvari
- Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Notre Dame, Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Teris Cheung
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.,Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
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11
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Yang Y, Li W, Ma TJ, Zhang L, Hall BJ, Ungvari GS, Xiang YT. Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality in Perinatal and Postnatal Women: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:161. [PMID: 32231599 PMCID: PMC7082815 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disturbance is common in perinatal and postnatal women, but the epidemiology of sleep problems is highly variable in these populations. This was a meta-analysis that examined the prevalence of poor sleep quality and its correlates among perinatal and postnatal women. METHODS A systematic search of both international and Chinese databases (PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wangfang) was performed. Studies with data on sleep quality measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were included. RESULTS Forty-two studies were included for analyses. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 54.2% (95% CI: 47.9-60.5%) in perinatal and postnatal women, with 44.5% (95% CI: 37.6-51.6%) in perinatal women and 67.2% (95% CI: 57.6-75.5%) in postnatal women. The pooled total PSQI score was 7.54 ± 0.40 (95% CI: 6.75-8.33), while the average PSQI component scores varied from 0.13 ± 0.04 for use of sleeping medication to 1.51 ± 0.17 for habitual sleep efficiency. Maternal age, study site, survey year, comorbidity, PSQI cut-off value, and quality assessment score had significant moderating effects on the prevalence of poor sleep quality. CONCLUSION Given the negative impact of poor sleep quality on health outcomes and well-being, regular screening for poor sleep quality and effective interventions should be conducted for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.,Center for Cognition and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Li
- Unit of Psychiatry, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.,Center for Cognition and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Tian-Jiao Ma
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Brian J Hall
- Global and Community Mental Health Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Gabor S Ungvari
- Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.,Center for Cognition and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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12
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Zeng X, Li W, Sun H, Luo X, Garg S, Liu T, Zhang J, Zhang Y. Mental Health Outcomes in Perinatal Women During the Remission Phase of COVID-19 in China. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:571876. [PMID: 33132935 PMCID: PMC7573142 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.571876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the middle of March, the COVID-19 outbreak has been well contained in China. The prevention and control measures for the outbreak have been downgraded to a normalized level. However, until now, the change in level of psychological health amongst perinatal women during the remission phase of the COVID-19 outbreak has not been investigated in China. The aim of this current study was to assess the symptoms of anxiety, depression, insomnia and quality of life (QOL) in perinatal women and to identify potential risk factors associated with these symptoms. METHODS This was a cross-sectional, hospital-based survey conducted between March 25th till June 5th, 2020 in southern China. Convenient sampling method was adopted. Women's anxiety, depression, insomnia symptoms and QOL was examined through standardized measurements. Multivariate logistic regression and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was conducted for the same. RESULTS A total of 625 perinatal women completed the study; of them, 195 women (31.2%, 95%CI=27.56%-34.84%) reported anxiety, 120 (19.2%, 95%CI=16.10%-22.30%) reported depression, and 87 (13.9%, 95%CI=11.20%-16.64%) experienced symptoms of insomnia. Previous adverse experiences during pregnancy was a significant risk factor for anxiety (OR=1.628, 95%CI=1.069-2.480, P=0.023), depression (OR=1.853, 95%CI=1.153-2.977, P=0.011), and insomnia (OR=2.160, 95%CI=1.290-3.616, P=0.003). Participants having infected friends/families/colleagues were more likely to report anxiety (OR=2.195, 95%CI=1.245-3.871, P=0.007) and depression (OR=2.666, 95%CI=1.482-4.794, P=0.001). Those women whose regular check-ups were severely interrupted by the COVID-19 were also more likely to experience symptoms of anxiety (OR=2.935, 95%CI=1.701-5.062, P<0.001) and insomnia (OR=2.195, 95%CI=1.098-4.390, P=0.026). CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic does affect the mental health and well being of perinatal women. Increased attention should be paid to women who have infected friends/families/colleagues and those with previous adverse experiences during pregnancy. Coping strategies that relieve psychological stress during the COVID-19 outbreak should be provided to prevent adverse outcomes for women and their infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Zeng
- Department of Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wengao Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hengwen Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Samradhvi Garg
- School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingying Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongfu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou, China
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