1
|
Zhang L, Li J, Feng M, Xu X, Tang W, Jiang Y, Xia Z, Liu H, Shen F, Li X, Jiang L. Tigecycline modulates LPS-induced inflammatory response in sepsis via NF-κB signalling pathways: Experimental insights into immune regulation. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2025; 66:107496. [PMID: 40139445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2025.107496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2025] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is associated with high morbidity and high mortality and has strongly motivated intense studies into its mechanisms. Antibiotics, aimed to eradicate bacteria, have some impact on the immune system due to anti-inflammatory properties. Tigecycline, an antibiotic of the glycylcycline class, is commonly used for severe infections. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate tigecycline's mechanism on the inflammatory response of sepsis to find new targets for sepsis treatment. The objective included (i) to observe the changes in inflammatory factors in LPS (lipopolysaccharide) induced septic mice after tigecycline administration, (ii) to detect the effect of tigecycline on macrophages NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) signalling. METHODS For LPS-induced sepsis in mice and intervention with tigecycline, mice were first injected with tigecycline (6.5 mg/kg) via tail vein followed by LPS (15 mg/kg). Luminex analysis was performed on 16 mediators. NF-κB signalling pathway antibody chip detected the expression of target sites in macrophages of the LPS group and tigecycline + LPS group. RESULTS Tigecycline has inhibitory effects on LPS-induced inflammatory response in septic mice, decreasing the concentrations of IL (interleukin)-6, IL-27, TNF-α (tumour necrosis factor-α), TNF RII, IFN-γ (interferon-gamma), CCL5/RANTES (CC Motif Chemokine Ligand) while increasing IL-6Rα, IL-10, and TWEAK (TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis). Tigecycline downregulated phosphorylation levels of key sites JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase)1/2/3, p-p65 (s468) and p-p105/p50 (s907) in NF-κB signalling. CONCLUSIONS Tigecycline may inhibit the excessive immune response induced by LPS in sepsis, which may cause a potential protective effect on the host through immune regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Deji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiqing Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaocheng Xu
- Minhang District of Shanghai Medical Emergency Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiyi Tang
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Zhuye Xia
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjie Liu
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feiyang Shen
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lijing Jiang
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang W, Hashimi B, Wang P. Targeting ferroptosis: the role of non-coding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma progression and therapy. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2025; 398:6335-6348. [PMID: 39820644 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-025-03791-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2025] [Indexed: 01/19/2025]
Abstract
One of the most common tumors is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the prognosis for late-stage HCC is still not good. It is anticipated that improved outcomes would result from a deeper comprehension of the pathophysiology of HCC. Ferroptosis as a new discovered cell death type is linked to the progression of HCC and may be crucial for its detection, prevention, therapy, and prognosis. Numerous studies suggest that epigenetic alterations mediated by non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) might influence cancer cell susceptibility to ferroptosis. This study elucidates the processes of ferroptosis and delineates the paths by which ncRNAs influence HCC by modulating ferroptosis. Furthermore, it offers significant insights into ferroptosis-associated ncRNAs, intending to discover novel therapeutic approaches for HCC. It also explores innovative concepts for the future use of ncRNA-based ferroptosis-targeted therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Wang
- Department of Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital (Dezhou People's Hospital), Shandong Province, China
| | - Behishta Hashimi
- Department of Midwifery, Jahan Institute of Health Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Oncology, Yantaishan Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hussain MS, Mujwar S, Babu MA, Goyal K, Chellappan DK, Negi P, Singh TG, Ali H, Singh SK, Dua K, Gupta G, Balaraman AK. Pharmacological, computational, and mechanistic insights into triptolide's role in targeting drug-resistant cancers. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2025; 398:6509-6530. [PMID: 39862263 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-025-03809-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025]
Abstract
As a promising candidate for tackling drug-resistant cancers, triptolide, a diterpenoid derived from the Chinese medicinal plant Tripterygium wilfordii, has been developed. This review summarizes potential antitumor activities, including the suppression of RNA polymerase II, the suppression of heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90), and the blockade of NF-kB signalling. Triptolide is the first known compound to target cancer cells specifically but spare normal cells, and it has success in treating cancers that are difficult to treat, including pancreatic, breast, and lung cancers. It acts against the tolerance mechanisms, including efflux pump upregulation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and cancer stem cells. Triptolide modulates important cascades, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR, enhancing the efficacy of conventional therapies. Nonetheless, its clinical application is constrained by toxicity and bioavailability challenges. Emerging drug delivery systems, such as nanoparticles and micellar formulations, are being developed to address these limitations. It has strong interactions with key anticancer targets, like PARP, as determined in preclinical and computational studies consistent with its mechanism of action. Early-phase clinical trials of Minnelide, a water-soluble derivative of triptolide, are promising, but additional work is necessary to optimize dosing, delivery, and safety. This comprehensive analysis demonstrates that triptolide may constitute a repurposed precision medicine tool to overcome tolerance in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Somdutt Mujwar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - M Arockia Babu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, UP, 281406, India
| | - Kavita Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be University), Clement Town, Dehradun, 248002, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Poonam Negi
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India
| | | | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University Chennai, Chennai, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ashok Kumar Balaraman
- Research and Enterprise, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, Cyber 11, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Goyal A, Afzal M, Goyal K, Ganesan S, Kumari M, Sunitha S, Dash A, Saini S, Rana M, Gupta G, Ali H, Wong LS, Kumarasamy V, Subramaniyan V. MSC-derived extracellular vesicles: Precision miRNA delivery for overcoming cancer therapy resistance. Regen Ther 2025; 29:303-318. [PMID: 40237010 PMCID: PMC11999318 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2025.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2025] [Revised: 03/04/2025] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 04/17/2025] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a prominent worldwide health concern, presenting existing therapies with frequent difficulties, including major toxicity, limited effectiveness, and treatment resistance emergence. These issues highlight the necessity for novel and enhanced remedies. Exosomes, tiny extracellular vesicles that facilitate intercellular communication, have attracted interest for their potential medicinal applications. Carrying a variety of molecules, including microRNAs, small interfering RNAs, long non-coding RNAs, proteins, lipids, and DNA, these vesicles are positioned as promising cancer treatment options. Current studies have increasingly investigated the capacity of microRNAs as a strategic approach for combating malignancy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are recognized for their aptitude to augment blood vessel formation, safeguard against cellular death, and modulate immune responses. Consequently, researchers examine exosomes derived from MSCs as a safer, non-cellular choice over therapies employing MSCs, which risk undesirable differentiation. The focus is shifting towards employing miRNA-encapsulated exosomes sourced from MSCs to target and heal cancerous cells selectively. However, the exact functions of miRNAs within MSC-derived exosomes in the context of cancer are still not fully understood. Additional exploration is necessary to clarify the role of these miRNAs in malignancy progression and to pinpoint viable therapeutic targets. This review offers a comprehensive examination of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells, focusing on the encapsulation of miRNAs, methods for enhancing cellular uptake and stability, and their potential applications in cancer treatment. It also addresses the difficulties linked to this methodology and considers future avenues, including insights from current clinical oncology research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahsas Goyal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, UP, India
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah, 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kavita Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Clement Town, 248002, Dehradun, India
| | - Subbulakshmi Ganesan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mukesh Kumari
- Department of Applied Sciences-Chemistry, NIMS Institute of Engineering & Technology, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - S. Sunitha
- Department of CHEMISTRY, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aniruddh Dash
- Department of Orthopaedics IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751030, India
| | - Suman Saini
- Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh Engineering College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges-Jhanjeri, Mohali, 140307, Punjab, India
| | - Mohit Rana
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Ling Shing Wong
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, 71800, Malaysia
| | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bemidinezhad A, Abolhassani Y, Feiz K, Parsa-Kondelaji M, Soukhtanloo M. Carbon and phosphorus quantum dots: Advancing radiotherapy through innovative radiosensitization. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2025; 773:152054. [PMID: 40424847 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2025.152054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2025] [Revised: 05/14/2025] [Accepted: 05/19/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025]
Abstract
Cancer treatment often relies on radiotherapy, but its efficacy is hampered by limited precision in distinguishing cancerous cells from healthy ones. Quantum dots (QDs), particularly carbon-based (CQDs) and phosphorus-based (BPQDs), have emerged as promising radiosensitizers to improve radiotherapy outcomes. These non-metallic QDs enhance radiosensitivity through mechanisms such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, modulation of cellular pathways, and interference with DNA repair processes. Hybrid systems combining QDs with bacteria, chemotherapeutic agents, and nanoparticles have demonstrated synergistic effects, offering enhanced radiosensitization. This review highlights the unique properties of carbon- and phosphorus-based QDs, their potential in overcoming radiotherapy limitations, and their future integration into multimodal treatment strategies. Despite their promise, challenges related to biosafety, targeting specificity, and regulatory approval remain, requiring further research and development before clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Bemidinezhad
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yasaman Abolhassani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kimia Feiz
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | | | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang J, Wang D, Ma S, He B, Lu J, Guo Z. Solasodine suppresses nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression by inducing ferroptosis. Sci Rep 2025; 15:17247. [PMID: 40383858 PMCID: PMC12086188 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-93834-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2025] [Indexed: 05/20/2025] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor with a high prevalence in China. Solasodine is a natural compound derived from the traditional herb that possess anticancer activity in various tumors, but its role in NPC remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that solasodine potently suppressed NPC growth and induced cell death both in vitro and in vivo. Network pharmacology identified HMOX1 as a pivotal target of solasodine linked to ferroptosis. Solasodine triggered ferroptotic hallmarks, including mitochondrial cristae disruption, elevated Fe2⁺/ROS/MDA, depleted GSH, and dysregulated ferroptosis-related proteins (HMOX1/COX2↑, GPX4/MUC1/SLC40A1↓). Crucially, ferroptosis inhibitors (Fer-1/Lip-1), but not apoptosis, necroptosis, or autophagy inhibitors, rescued solasodine-induced cell death, confirming ferroptosis as the dominant mechanism. In conclusion, by applying network pharmacology accompanied with experimental validation, our study unveils solasodine as a novel ferroptosis inducer for NPC treatment. However, its therapeutic potential requires further validation in patient-derived models and clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Agricultural Biogenomics, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Functional Nucleic Acid, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
- The First Clinical College, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
| | - DongHua Wang
- School of Nursing, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
| | - SiQing Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Chest Hospital, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - BinSheng He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Agricultural Biogenomics, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
| | - JiaoYang Lu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Functional Nucleic Acid, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China.
- School of Nursing, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China.
| | - Zhen Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Functional Nucleic Acid, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China.
- The First Clinical College, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu X, Sun H, Shan L, Ma C, Quan H, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Fan Z, Tang Y, Deng L. Unraveling Disease-Associated PIWI-Interacting RNAs with a Contrastive Learning Methods. J Chem Inf Model 2025; 65:4687-4697. [PMID: 40263714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.5c00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2025]
Abstract
PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are a class of small, non-coding RNAs predominantly expressed in the germ cells of animals and play a crucial role in maintaining genomic integrity, mediating transposon suppression, and ensuring gene stability. Beyond their functions in reproductive cells, piRNAs also play roles in various human diseases, including cancer, suggesting their potential as significant biomarkers critical for disease diagnosis and treatment. Wet-lab methods to identify piRNA-disease associations require substantial resources and are often hit-or-miss. With advancements in computational technologies, an increasing number of researchers are employing computational methods to efficiently predict potential piRNA-disease associations. The sparsity of data in piRNA-disease association studies significantly limits model performance improvement. In this study, we propose a novel computational model, iPiDA_CL, to predict potential piRNA-disease associations through contrastive learning methods, which do not require negative samples. The model represents piRNA-disease association pairs as a bipartite graph and computes the initial embeddings of piRNAs and diseases using Gaussian kernel similarity, with features updated via LightGCN. Based on the siamese network framework, iPiDA_CL constructs online and target networks and employs data augmentation in the target network to build a contrastive learning objective that optimizes model parameters without introducing negative samples. Finally, cross-prediction methods are used to calculate specific piRNA-disease association scores. A series of experimental results demonstrate that iPiDA_CL surpasses state-of-the-art methods in both performance and computational efficiency. The application of iPiDA_CL to the miRNA-disease association dataset underscores its versatility across various ncRNA-disease association task. Furthermore, a case study highlights iPiDA_CL as an efficient and promising tool for predicting piRNA-disease associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Hu
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Center South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Hao Sun
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Center South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Linchao Shan
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Center South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chenxi Ma
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Center South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Hanming Quan
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Center South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yuanpeng Zhang
- School of software, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830049, China
| | - Jiaxuan Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, California 92161, United States
| | - Ziyu Fan
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Center South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yongjun Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Lei Deng
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Center South University, Changsha 410083, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abida, Alhuthali HM, Alshehri JM, Alkathiri A, Almaghrabi ROM, Alsaeed SS, Albebi SAH, Almethn RM, Alfuraydi BA, Alharbi SB, Kamal M, Imran M. Exosomes in infectious diseases: insights into leishmaniasis pathogenesis, immune modulation, and therapeutic potential. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2025; 398:4913-4931. [PMID: 39702600 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03702-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2024] [Accepted: 12/02/2024] [Indexed: 12/21/2024]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis continues to be a critical international health issue due to the scarcity of efficient treatment and the development of drug tolerance. New developments in the research of extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially exosomes, have revealed novel disease management approaches. Exosomes are small vesicles that transport lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins in cell signalling. Its biogenesis depends on several cellular processes, and their functions in immune response, encompassing innate and adaptive immunity, underline their function in the pathogen-host interface. Exosomes play a significant role in the pathogenesis of some parasitic infections, especially Leishmaniasis, by helping parasites escape host immunity and promote disease progression. This article explains that in the framework of parasitic diseases, exosomes can act as master regulators that define the pathogenesis of the disease, as illustrated by the engagement of exosomes in the Leishmaniasis parasite and immune escape processes. Based on many published articles on Leishmaniasis, this review aims to summarize the biogenesis of exosomes, the properties of the cargo in exosomes, and the modulation of immune responses. We delve deeper into the prospect of using exosomes for the therapy of Leishmaniasis based on the possibility of using these extracellular vesicles for drug delivery and as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Lastly, we focus on the recent research perspectives and future developments, underlining the necessity to continue the investigation of exosome-mediated approaches in Leishmaniasis treatment. Thus, this review intends to draw attention to exosomes as a bright new perspective in the battle against this disabling affliction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abida
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, 91911, Rafha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayaa M Alhuthali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawaher Mohammad Alshehri
- Optometry Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, 65431, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan Alkathiri
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, 65431, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruba Omar M Almaghrabi
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, 65431, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, 91911, Rafha, Saudi Arabia.
- Center for Health Research, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
He F, Liu H, Zhao F. The oncogenic role of FOXM1 in hepatocellular carcinoma: molecular mechanisms, clinical significance, and therapeutic potentials. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2025:10.1007/s00210-025-04144-5. [PMID: 40266300 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-025-04144-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2025] [Accepted: 04/03/2025] [Indexed: 04/24/2025]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a major global health challenge due to its aggressive nature and limited treatment options. This review aims to clarify the oncogenic role of FOXM1 in HCC and its potential as a therapeutic target. We examine how FOXM1 drives cancer development by regulating key cellular processes such as cell cycle progression, proliferation, metastasis, and therapy resistance. The review details mechanisms that control FOXM1 activity, including transcriptional regulation by upstream factors, post-transcriptional modulation via non-coding RNAs, and epigenetic modifications. We also explore how FOXM1 interacts with critical signaling pathways, such as AKT, p53, ERK, Hedgehog, STAT3, and Wnt/β-catenin, to promote metabolic reprogramming, angiogenesis, and the maintenance of cancer stem cell properties. In the therapeutic section, we assess emerging strategies that target FOXM1, including small-molecule inhibitors, proteasome inhibitors, and immunotherapeutic approaches, to improve treatment outcomes for HCC patients. This comprehensive review highlights the pivotal role of FOXM1 in HCC pathogenesis and provides novel avenues for targeted intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu He
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Fangcheng Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xu C, Chen J, Tan M, Tan Q. The role of macrophage polarization in ovarian cancer: from molecular mechanism to therapeutic potentials. Front Immunol 2025; 16:1543096. [PMID: 40330466 PMCID: PMC12052780 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1543096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2025] [Indexed: 05/08/2025] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) remains the most lethal gynecological malignancy, primarily due to its late-stage diagnosis, frequent recurrence, and resistance to conventional chemotherapy. A critical factor contributing to OC's aggressiveness is the tumor microenvironment (TME), particularly the presence and polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). TAMs, often skewed toward an immunosuppressive M2-like phenotype, facilitate tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted regulation of macrophage polarization in OC, highlighting key molecular pathways such as PTEN loss, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, NF-κB, Myc, STAT3, and JNK, among others. Additionally, it explores the role of chemokines, non-coding RNAs, and various proteins in modulating TAM phenotypes. Emerging evidence underscores the significance of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and ovarian cancer stem cells (CSCs) in promoting M2 polarization, thereby enhancing tumor progression and therapy resistance. The review also identifies critical biomarkers associated with macrophage polarization, including CD163, LILRB1, MUC2, and others, which hold prognostic and therapeutic potential. Therapeutic strategies targeting TAMs are extensively discussed, encompassing oncolytic viruses, engineered EVs, immunotherapies, nanoparticles, targeted therapies, and natural products. These approaches aim to reprogram TAMs from a pro-tumorigenic M2 state to an anti-tumorigenic M1 phenotype, thereby enhancing immune responses and overcoming resistance to treatments such as chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Furthermore, the review addresses the interplay between macrophage polarization and therapy resistance, emphasizing the need for novel interventions to modulate the TME effectively. By synthesizing current knowledge on macrophage polarization in ovarian cancer, this study underscores the potential of targeting TAMs to improve clinical outcomes and personalize treatment strategies for OC patients. Continued research in this domain is essential to develop robust therapeutic frameworks that can mitigate the immunosuppressive TME and enhance the efficacy of existing and novel cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qingqing Tan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abid J, Al-Rawi MBA, Mahmood A, Li A, Jiang T. Identification and functional characterization of key biomarkers in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: emphasis on STYX as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target. Hereditas 2025; 162:45. [PMID: 40128844 PMCID: PMC11931869 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-025-00411-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2025] [Indexed: 03/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBC) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, characterized by its aggressive nature and poor prognosis in advanced stages. Despite advances in treatment, the molecular mechanisms driving DLBC progression remain incompletely understood, necessitating the identification of novel biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. In this study, we analyzed two publicly available datasets (GSE32018 and GSE56315) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) to identify overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Later on, a comprehensive in silico and in vitro methodology was adopted to decipher the role of identify DEGs in DLBC. DEGs analysis of GSE32018 and GSE56315 datasets identified five overlapping gene: SP3, CSNK1A1, STYX, SIRT5, and MGEA5. Expression validation using the GEPIA2 database confirmed the upregulation of SP3, CSNK1A1, STYX, and SIRT5, and the downregulation of MGEA5 in DLBC tissues compared to normal controls. Furthermore, mutational analysis revealed that CSNK1A1 was the only gene among these DEGs to exhibit mutations, with a 2.7% mutation frequency in DLBC patients. Methylation analysis highlighted a negative correlation between DEGs methylation levels and mRNA expression, while survival analysis identified high STYX expression as significantly associated with poorer overall survival in DLBC patients. Functional assays demonstrated that STYX knockdown in U2932 cells led to reduced cell proliferation, colony formation, and enhanced wound healing, indicating STYX's pivotal role in DLBC cell survival and migration. Additionally, gene enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of these DEGs in key biological processes, including intracellular trafficking and myeloid progenitor cell differentiation. These findings emphasize the potential of SP3, CSNK1A1, STYX, SIRT5, and MGEA5 as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in DLBC, particularly highlighting STYX as a promising prognostic marker and potential target for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Abid
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Mahmood Basil A Al-Rawi
- Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Mahmood
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Hydatid Diseases, Digestive & Vascular Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - An Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Hydatid Diseases, Digestive & Vascular Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Urumqi, 830054, China.
| | - Tiemin Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Hydatid Diseases, Digestive & Vascular Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Urumqi, 830054, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Karami E, Bazgir B, Shirvani H, Mohammadi MT, Khaledi M. Unraveling the bidirectional relationship between muscle inflammation and satellite cells activity: influencing factors and insights. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2025; 46:35-51. [PMID: 39508952 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-024-09683-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 10/31/2024] [Indexed: 11/15/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation stands as a vital and innate function of the immune system, essential for maintaining physiological homeostasis. Its role in skeletal muscle regeneration is pivotal, with the activation of satellite cells (SCs) driving the repair and generation of new myofibers. However, the relationship between inflammation and SCs is intricate, influenced by various factors. Muscle injury and repair prompt significant infiltration of immune cells, particularly macrophages, into the muscle tissue. The interplay of cytokines and chemokines from diverse cell types, including immune cells, fibroadipogenic progenitors, and SCs, further shapes the inflammation-SCs dynamic. While some studies suggest heightened inflammation associates with reduced SC activity and increased fibro- or adipogenesis, others indicate an inflammatory stimulus benefits SC function. Yet, the existing literature struggles to delineate clearly between the stimulatory and inhibitory effects of inflammation on SCs and muscle regeneration. This paper comprehensively reviews studies exploring the impact of pharmacological agents, dietary interventions, genetic factors, and exercise regimes on the interplay between inflammation and SC activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esmail Karami
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Behzad Bazgir
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Shirvani
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Mohammadi
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoor Khaledi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Thakur GS, Gupta AK, Pal D, Vaishnav Y, Kumar N, Annadurai S, Jain SK. Designing novel cabozantinib analogues as p-glycoprotein inhibitors to target cancer cell resistance using molecular docking study, ADMET screening, bioisosteric approach, and molecular dynamics simulations. Front Chem 2025; 13:1543075. [PMID: 40084274 PMCID: PMC11903459 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2025.1543075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2025] [Indexed: 03/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction One of the foremost contributors to mortality worldwide is cancer. Chemotherapy remains the principal strategy for cancer treatment. A significant factor leading to the failure of cancer chemotherapy is the phenomenon of multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells. The primary instigator of MDR is the over expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a protein that imparts resistance and facilitates the ATP-dependent efflux of various anticancer agents. Numerous efforts have been made to inhibit P-gp function with the aim of restoring the effectiveness of chemotherapy due to its broad specificity. The main objective has been to create compounds that either serve as direct P-gp inhibitors or interact with cancer therapies to modulate transport. Despite substantial in vitro achievements, there are currently no approved drugs available that can effectively "block" P-gp mediated resistance. Cabozantinib (CBZ), a multi-kinase inhibitor, is utilized in the treatment of various carcinomas. CBZ has been shown to inhibit P-gp efflux activity, thereby reversing P-gp mediated MDR. Consequently, P-gp has emerged as a critical target for research in anti-cancer therapies. Methods The purpose of this study was to computationally identify new andsafer analogues of CBZ using bioisosteric approach, focusing on improved pharmacokinetic properties andreduced toxicity. The physicochemical, medicinal, and ADMET profiles of generated analogues were computed using the ADMETLab 3.0 server. We also predicted the drug likeness (DL) and drug score (DS) of analogues. The molecular docking studies of screened analogues against the protein (PDB ID: 3G5U) were conducted using AutoDock Vina flowing by BIOVIA Discovery Studio for visualizing interactions.Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of docked ligands was done using Schrödinger suite. Results and Discussion The docking scores for the ligands CBZ01, CBZ06, CBZ11, CBZ13, CBZ25, CBZ34, and CBZ38 ranged from -8.0 to -6.4 kcal/mol against the protein (PDB ID: 3G5U). A molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of CBZ01, CBZ13, and CBZ38 was conducted using the Schrödinger suite, revealing that these complexesmaintained stability throughout the 100 ns simulation. Conclusion An integrated computational approach combining bioisosteric approach, molecular docking, drug likeness calculations, and MD simulations highlights the promise of ligands CBZ01 and CBZ13 as candidates for the development of potential anticancer agents for the treatment of various cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gajendra Singh Thakur
- Drug Discovery and Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Gupta
- Drug Discovery and Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Dipti Pal
- Drug Discovery and Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Yogesh Vaishnav
- Drug Discovery and Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bhupal Nobles’ College of Pharmacy, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sivakumar Annadurai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanmati Kumar Jain
- Drug Discovery and Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Balaraman AK, Afzal M, Moglad E, Babu MA, Priya GP, Bansal P, Rajotiya S, Kondapavuluri BK, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Goyal K, Ali H. The interplay of p16INK4a and non-coding RNAs: bridging cellular senescence, aging, and cancer. Biogerontology 2025; 26:50. [PMID: 39907830 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-025-10194-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2025] [Indexed: 02/06/2025]
Abstract
p16INK4a is a crucial tumor suppressor and regulator of cellular senescence, forming a molecular bridge between aging and cancer. Dysregulated p16INK4a expression is linked to both premature aging and cancer progression, where non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) play key roles in modulating its function. These ncRNAs interact with p16INK4a through complex post-transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms, influencing pathways critical to senescence and tumor suppression. In this review, we explore ncRNAs, including ANRIL, MIR31HG, UCA1, MALAT1, miR-24, miR-30, and miR-141, which collectively regulate p16INK4a expression, promoting or inhibiting pathways associated with cancer and aging. ANRIL and MIR31HG modulate p16INK4a silencing via interactions with polycomb repressive complexes (PRC), while miRNAs such as miR-24 and miR-30 target p16INK4a to influence cellular proliferation and senescence. This regulatory interplay underscores the therapeutic potential of ncRNA-targeted strategies to restore p16INK4a function. We summarize recent studies supporting that ncRNAs that control p16INK4a may be diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for age-related diseases and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar Balaraman
- Research and Enterprise, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, Cyber 11, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, 21442, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehssan Moglad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Arockia Babu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G Padma Priya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Pooja Bansal
- Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303012, India
| | - Sumit Rajotiya
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Benod Kumar Kondapavuluri
- Department of General Surgery, Consultant Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Dr.D.Y.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kavita Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be University), Clement Town, Dehradun, 248002, India.
| | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yan C, Du Y, Cui L, Bao H, Li H. CircPTK2 as a Valuable Biomarker and Treatment Target in Cancer. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2025; 39:e70161. [PMID: 39887513 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.70161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2024] [Revised: 01/06/2025] [Accepted: 01/19/2025] [Indexed: 02/01/2025]
Abstract
Circular RNA (CircRNA)s, a newly discovered type of noncoding RNAs, have been found to play a role in controlling the development and aggressiveness of tumors. Abnormal control of circRNA has been observed in various types of human cancers, including bladder cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), breast cancer, and gastric cancer (GC). CircRNAs possess binding sites for microRNAs (miRNAs) and function as miRNA sponges in posttranscriptional regulation. This mechanism has been documented to influence the course of cancer. Significantly, among these putative circRNAs, circular RNA protein tyrosine kinase 2 (circPTK2) exhibited increased expression and displayed a substantial association with adverse clinical characteristics and a negative prognosis. The production of these transcripts occurs via a back-splicing mechanism. The enclosed conformation of circRNAs shields them from destruction and enhances their potential as biomarkers. Gaining insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in these processes would aid in the development of treatment approaches and the discovery of new tumor markers. This article provides a comprehensive assessment of the latest research on the biosynthesis and features of circRNAs. It examines the role of circPTK2 in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis evaluation of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengqiu Yan
- Department of Anorectal Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Anorectal Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Lihong Cui
- Department of Anorectal Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Han Bao
- Department of Anorectal, Changchun Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Anorectal Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Khan Y, Hussain MS, Ramalingam PS, Fatima R, Maqbool M, Ashique S, Khan NU, Bisht AS, Gupta G. Exploring extracellular RNA as drivers of chemotherapy resistance in cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2025; 52:142. [PMID: 39836259 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-025-10263-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2025] [Indexed: 01/22/2025]
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance (CR) represents one of the most important barriers to effective oncological therapy and often leads to ineffective intervention and unfavorable clinical prognosis. Emerging studies have emphasized the vital significance of extracellular RNA (exRNA) in influencing CR. This thorough assessment intends to explore the multifaceted contributions of exRNA, such as exosomal RNA, microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, to CR in cancer. We discuss the mechanisms by which exRNA facilitates drug resistance, such as modulating gene expression, influencing the tumor microenvironment, and facilitating intercellular communication. Furthermore, we examine the potential of exRNA as prognostic factor for determining oncology treatment efficacy and their emerging role as therapeutic targets. Diagnostic and prognostic applications of exRNA biomarkers are considered, alongside current methodologies for their detection and quantification. Additionally, we review recent advances in exRNA-targeted therapies, highlighting ongoing clinical trials and therapeutic strategies aimed at overcoming chemoresistance. Despite the promise of exRNA research, several challenges remain, including technical limitations and the biological complexity of exRNA networks. This review underscores the importance of continued investigation into exRNA biology and its therapeutic potential, which in the future may provide new avenues for cancer treatment and tailored medical strategies. By elucidating the role of exRNA in CR, this article aims to provide a comprehensive resource for researchers and clinicians seeking to improve the effectiveness of carcinoma management approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumna Khan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, PO Box 25130, Pakistan
| | - Md Sadique Hussain
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India.
| | - Prasanna Srinivasan Ramalingam
- Protein Engineering Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Katpadi, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Rabab Fatima
- Department of Chemistry, Energy Acres, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Mudasir Maqbool
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Jammu, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Sumel Ashique
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Najeeb Ullah Khan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, PO Box 25130, Pakistan
| | - Ajay Singh Bisht
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Patel Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Research Impact & Outcome-Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bhat AA, Altamimi ASA, Goyal A, Goyal K, Kaur I, Kumar S, Sharma N, Kumar MR, Ali H, Thapa R, Negi P, Singh SK, Gupta G. The role of CD95 in modulating CAR T-cell therapy: Challenges and therapeutic opportunities in oncology. Int Immunopharmacol 2025; 144:113675. [PMID: 39608172 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2024] [Revised: 11/07/2024] [Accepted: 11/17/2024] [Indexed: 11/30/2024]
Abstract
CAR T cell therapy has revolutionized how we deliver cancer treatment, most notably for hematologic cancers, by compelling T cells to recognize and kill tumor cells. Nevertheless, current obstacles to utilizing this therapy in solid tumors and overcoming cancer resistance include radicalization. This review discusses how CD95 modulation can boost CAR T cell efficacy. Traditionally, CD95 was known to execute apoptosis induction, but it plays a dual role in induced cell death or in supporting cancer cell survival. Recent data have demonstrated that cancer cells escape CD95-mediated apoptosis via the downregulation of CD95, caspase 8 mutation, or the expression of the inhibition protein cFLIP. Additionally, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, containing CD95L expressing immune cells, explains CAR T cell therapy resistance. Furthermore, we characterize the therapeutic potential of CD95 targeted approaches, including CD95L inhibition (APG101) and alterations in CAR T cell manufacturing (tyrosine kinase inhibitors to mitigate fratricide). In this review, we highlight the importance of multi-path way strategies combining CD95 modulation with CAR T cell engineering to overcome resistance, specifically to target tumor cells better and sustain CAR T cell persistence to enhance treatment efficacy in solid tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ahmad Bhat
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | | | - Ahsas Goyal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kavita Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Clement Town, Dehradun 248002, India
| | - Irwanjot Kaur
- Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of College, Jhanjeri, Mohali 140307, Punjab, India
| | - M Ravi Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 531162, India
| | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India
| | - Riya Thapa
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Poonam Negi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, HP 173212, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500, Sunway City, Malaysia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab 140401, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Askarizadeh A, Vahdat-Lasemi F, Karav S, Kesharwani P, Sahebkar A. Lipid nanoparticle-based delivery of small interfering RNAs: New possibilities in the treatment of diverse diseases. Eur Polym J 2025; 223:113624. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2024.113624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2025]
|
19
|
Imran M, Altamimi ASA, Babu MA, Goyal K, Kaur I, Kumar S, Sharma N, Kumar MR, Alanazi FJ, Alruwaili AN, Aldhafeeri NA, Ali H. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as therapeutic targets and biomarkers in oligodendroglioma. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 264:155708. [PMID: 39531874 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2024] [Revised: 11/03/2024] [Accepted: 11/05/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
Oligodendrogliomas (ODGs) are neuroepithelial tumors that need personalized treatment plans because of their unique molecular and histological features. Non-coding RNAs form an epigenetic class of molecules that act as the first steps in gene regulation. They consist of microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs. These molecules significantly participate in ODG pathogenesis by regulating ODG initiation, progression, and treatment response. This review is designated to analyze the literature and describe the genomic profile of ODGs, the complex actions of ncRNAs in ODGs pathogenesis and treatment, and their roles as appropriate biomarkers and as one of the precision mechanisms action targets, such as antisense oligonucleotides, small interfering RNAs, gene therapy vectors, peptide nucleic acids, and small molecule inhibitors. Overall, ncRNAs considerably alter the pathological spectrum of ODGs by influencing fundamental processes in tumor biology. Applying ncRNAs in a clinical context exhibits promise for enhanced diagnosis and individualized therapeutic interventions. Nevertheless, the delivery efficacy and potential adverse "off-target" sequels retain the main obstacles undermining clinical potential. Continuous research and technological advancements in ncRNAs offer new insights and promising prospects for revolutionizing oligodendroglioma care, leading to better, personalized treatment outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia; Center for Health Research, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - M Arockia Babu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA UNIVERSITY, Mathura, UP 281406, India
| | - Kavita Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Clement Town, Dehradun 248002, India
| | - Irwanjot Kaur
- Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of College, Jhanjeri, Mohali, Punjab 140307, India
| | - M Ravi Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 531162, India
| | - Fadiyah Jadid Alanazi
- Center for Health Research, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia; Public Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Nuwayfi Alruwaili
- Department of Nursing Administration and Education, College of Nursing, Jouf University, Al Jouf City 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Afit Aldhafeeri
- College of Nursing, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haider Ali
- Division of Translational Health Research, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Department of Pharmacology, Kyrgyz State Medical College, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhou J, Li H, Wu B, Zhu L, Huang Q, Guo Z, He Q, Wang L, Peng X, Guo T. Network pharmacology combined with experimental verification to explore the potential mechanism of naringenin in the treatment of cervical cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1860. [PMID: 38253629 PMCID: PMC10803340 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52413-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women worldwide. Traditional treatment methods have become limited. Naringenin, a flavonoid abundant in various fruits and herbal medicines, has demonstrated anti-tumor properties among other effects. This research undertook to elucidate the mechanism of naringenin in the context of cervical cancer treatment by leveraging network pharmacology and performing experimental validation. Initial steps involved predicting potential naringenin targets and subsequently screening for overlaps between these targets and those related to cervical cancer, followed by analysis of their interrelationships. Molecular docking was subsequently utilized to verify the binding effect of the central target. Within the framework of network pharmacology, it was discovered that naringenin might possess anti-cancer properties specific to cervical cancer. Following this, the anti-tumor effects of naringenin on Hela cell viability, migration, and invasion were assessed employing CCK-8, transwell, wound healing assays, and western blotting. Experimental data indicated that naringenin attenuates the migration and invasion of Hela cells via downregulation EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Thus, our findings suggest that naringenin has therapeutic impacts on cervical cancer via multiple mechanisms, primarily by inhibiting the migration and invasion through the EGFR/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. This study offers fresh insights for future clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Zhou
- Medical School, Changsha Social Work College, Changsha, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Haoying Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Ben Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
- Wuzhou Medical college, Wuzhou, China
| | - Lemei Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiao Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenyu Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Qizhi He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China.
| | - Xiaozhen Peng
- School of Public Health & Laboratory Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China.
| | - Tianyao Guo
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center for Cancer Pathogenic Genes Testing and Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Liu R, Liang X, Guo H, Li S, Yao W, Dong C, Wu J, Lu Y, Tang J, Zhang H. STNM1 in human cancers: role, function and potential therapy sensitizer. Cell Signal 2023:110775. [PMID: 37331415 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
STMN1 belongs to the stathmin gene family, it encodes a cytoplasmic phosphorylated protein, stathmin1, which is commonly observed in vertebrate cells. STMN1 is a structural microtubule-associated protein (MAP) that binds to microtubule protein dimers rather than microtubules, with each STMN1 binding two microtubule protein dimers and preventing their aggregation, leading to microtubule instability. STMN1 expression is elevated in a number of malignancies, and inhibition of its expression can interfere with tumor cell division. Its expression can change the division of tumor cells, thereby arresting cell growth in the G2/M phase. Moreover, STMN1 expression affects tumor cell sensitivity to anti-microtubule drug analogs, including vincristine and paclitaxel. The research on MAPs is limited, and new insights on the mechanism of STMN1 in different cancers are emerging. The effective application of STMN1 in cancer prognosis and treatment requires further understanding of this protein. Here, we summarize the general characteristics of STMN1 and outline how STMN1 plays a role in cancer development, targeting multiple signaling networks and acting as a downstream target for multiple microRNAs, circRNAs, and lincRNAs. We also summarize recent findings on the function role of STMN1 in tumor resistance and as a therapeutic target for cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Liu
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Graduate Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaodong Liang
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Graduate Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Haiwei Guo
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, (Affiliated People's Hospital Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiping Yao
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Graduate Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Chenfang Dong
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajun Wu
- Graduate Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China; Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, (Affiliated People's Hospital Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanwei Lu
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianming Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
The ferroptosis signature predicts the prognosis and immune microenvironment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1861. [PMID: 36732567 PMCID: PMC9895067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28897-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a cancer with a high metastatic rate and poor prognosis. Growing studies suggest that ferroptosis take part in the development of tumours. At the same time, the connection between ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) and the prognosis of NPC remains unclear. In this study, we explored the dysregulated FRGs between normal control and tumour samples of NPC. Firstly, 14 of 36 differentially expressed FRGs were identified in NPC tissues compared to normal tissues, among which ABCC1, GLS2, CS and HMGCR were associated with poor prognosis for patients. The four ferroptosis genes were used for consensus cluster analysis and two risk-related FRGs (ABCC1 and GLS2) were used in a risk model. The ROC curve revealed the good predictive performance of this risk signature. Multivariate analysis revealed that risk score and intratumoral TILs were independent risk factors linked to prognosis. Additionally, our results suggested that the risk signature was attached to the immune microenvironment. Moreover, the NPC patients with high risk were sensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs including axitinib, docetaxel, embelin, epothilone.B, parthenolide, thapsigargin, tipifarnib, vinorelbine. Finally, the expression of ABCC1 and GLS2 was validated in NPC tissues using immunohistochemistry. Together, these results revealed ferroptosis may be a potential biomarker in NPC and representing a promising future direction in prognosis and therapeutic strategy for the treatment of NPC.
Collapse
|
23
|
Azumi M, Yoshie M, Takano W, Ishida A, Kusama K, Tamura K. The Impact of Eribulin on Stathmin Dynamics and Paclitaxel Sensitivity in Ovarian Cancer Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:1627-1635. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mana Azumi
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
| | - Mikihiro Yoshie
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
| | - Wataru Takano
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
| | - Akari Ishida
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
| | - Kazuya Kusama
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
| | - Kazuhiro Tamura
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yoshie M, Ishida A, Ohashi H, Nakachi N, Azumi M, Tamura K. Stathmin dynamics modulate the activity of eribulin in breast cancer cells. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00786. [PMID: 34176226 PMCID: PMC8236080 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Stathmin, a phosphoprotein that modulates microtubule dynamics, is highly expressed in breast cancer cells. Eribulin, a microtubule‐depolymerizing agent, is used to treat patients with advanced breast cancer. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying the action of eribulin during microtubule catastrophe, and the interaction between eribulin and stathmin dynamics, remain unclear. Here, we investigated the role of stathmin in the antiproliferative activity of eribulin in breast cancer cells. Eribulin induced phosphorylation of stathmin in MCF7 and MDA‐MB‐231 cells; this was attenuated by an inhibitor of protein kinase A (H89) and an inhibitor of Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent kinase II (KN62). In addition, expression of phosphorylated stathmin was reduced by the protein phosphatase PP2A activator FTY720 but increased by the PP2A inhibitor okadaic acid. Of note, expression of PP2A subunits in eribulin‐treated cells decreased, although eribulin did not affect the phosphatase activity of recombinant PP2A directly. Furthermore, the antiproliferative effect of eribulin was stronger in stathmin‐overexpressing cells. These results suggest that stathmin dynamics are closely associated with the antiproliferative effects of eribulin and stathmin is a possible biomarker for predicting the therapeutic effects of eribulin in breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikihiro Yoshie
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Akari Ishida
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Haruka Ohashi
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Nami Nakachi
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Mana Azumi
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tamura
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Maloney SM, Hoover CA, Morejon-Lasso LV, Prosperi JR. Mechanisms of Taxane Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3323. [PMID: 33182737 PMCID: PMC7697134 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The taxane family of chemotherapy drugs has been used to treat a variety of mostly epithelial-derived tumors and remain the first-line treatment for some cancers. Despite the improved survival time and reduction of tumor size observed in some patients, many have no response to the drugs or develop resistance over time. Taxane resistance is multi-faceted and involves multiple pathways in proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and the transport of foreign substances. In this review, we dive deeper into hypothesized resistance mechanisms from research during the last decade, with a focus on the cancer types that use taxanes as first-line treatment but frequently develop resistance to them. Furthermore, we will discuss current clinical inhibitors and those yet to be approved that target key pathways or proteins and aim to reverse resistance in combination with taxanes or individually. Lastly, we will highlight taxane response biomarkers, specific genes with monitored expression and correlated with response to taxanes, mentioning those currently being used and those that should be adopted. The future directions of taxanes involve more personalized approaches to treatment by tailoring drug-inhibitor combinations or alternatives depending on levels of resistance biomarkers. We hope that this review will identify gaps in knowledge surrounding taxane resistance that future research or clinical trials can overcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. Maloney
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN 46617, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
| | - Camden A. Hoover
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (C.A.H.); (L.V.M.-L.)
| | - Lorena V. Morejon-Lasso
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (C.A.H.); (L.V.M.-L.)
| | - Jenifer R. Prosperi
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN 46617, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (C.A.H.); (L.V.M.-L.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Borys F, Joachimiak E, Krawczyk H, Fabczak H. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors Affecting Microtubule Dynamics in Normal and Cancer Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:E3705. [PMID: 32823874 PMCID: PMC7464520 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules (MTs), highly dynamic structures composed of α- and β-tubulin heterodimers, are involved in cell movement and intracellular traffic and are essential for cell division. Within the cell, MTs are not uniform as they can be composed of different tubulin isotypes that are post-translationally modified and interact with different microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). These diverse intrinsic factors influence the dynamics of MTs. Extrinsic factors such as microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) can also affect MT dynamics. MTAs can be divided into two main categories: microtubule-stabilizing agents (MSAs) and microtubule-destabilizing agents (MDAs). Thus, the MT skeleton is an important target for anticancer therapy. This review discusses factors that determine the microtubule dynamics in normal and cancer cells and describes microtubule-MTA interactions, highlighting the importance of tubulin isoform diversity and post-translational modifications in MTA responses and the consequences of such a phenomenon, including drug resistance development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Borys
- Laboratory of Cytoskeleton and Cilia Biology Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 3 Noakowskiego Street, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ewa Joachimiak
- Laboratory of Cytoskeleton and Cilia Biology Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Hanna Krawczyk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 3 Noakowskiego Street, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Hanna Fabczak
- Laboratory of Cytoskeleton and Cilia Biology Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
RNAi targeting STMN alleviates the resistance to taxol and collectively contributes to down regulate the malignancy of NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo. Cell Biol Toxicol 2017; 34:7-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s10565-017-9398-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
28
|
Shen F, Long D, Yu T, Chen X, Liao Y, Wu Y, Lin X. Vinblastine differs from Taxol as it inhibits the malignant phenotypes of NSCLC cells by increasing the phosphorylation of Op18/stathmin. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:2481-2489. [PMID: 28259950 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Taxol (paclitaxel) and vinblastine (VBL) are both efficacious chemotherapeutic agents that target the microtubules of tumor cells, but each functions in a mutual antagonistic manner. Op18/stathmin is a small molecular phosphoprotein which promotes depolymerization of microtubules. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) NCI-H1299 cells were employed to compare the curative effects of VBL and Taxol and explore the correlation between drug sensitivity and Op18/stathmin signaling. The present study found that VBL obviously promoted cellular apoptosis and initiated activation of caspase 3 and 9, and inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation, as well as cell migration in the NCI-H1299 cells in contrast with Taxol. VBL did not affect the expression of Op18/stathmin, but increased its phosphorylation at all 4 serine sites. Conversely, Taxol mainly decreased the expression of Op18/stathmin and the phosphorylation at Ser25 and Ser63 sites. Silencing of Op18/stathmin by RNA interference (RNAi) led to a great reduction in the differences in the cell proliferation inhibition between VBL and Taxol. VBL treatment notably weakened the expression of PP2A, Bcl-2, NF-κB and interleukin-10 (IL-10) and autocrine IL-10 compared with Taxol; whereas PP2A was substantially increased following Taxol induction. High expression of Op18/stathmin was found to be negatively correlated with the sensitivity of Taxol in the NSCLC cells, but had a minor impact on VBL cytotoxicity. These findings revealed that both VBL and Taxol induce cell apoptosis through Op18/stathmin, but the mechanisms are completely different. VBL is an attractive alternative to the treatment of Taxol-resistant tumors with high expression of Op18/stathmin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Shen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, P.R. China
| | - Dan Long
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, P.R. China
| | - Ting Yu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, P.R. China
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liao
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China
| | - Xuechi Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|