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Dąbrowska AM, Dudka J. Fexaramine as the intestine-specific farnesoid X receptor agonist: A promising agent to treat obesity and metabolic disorders. Drug Discov Today 2025; 30:104386. [PMID: 40409402 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2025.104386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2025] [Revised: 05/08/2025] [Accepted: 05/16/2025] [Indexed: 05/25/2025]
Abstract
Fexaramine, a gut-restricted farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist, promotes glucose and lipid homeostasis, improves insulin sensitivity, promotes white adipose tissue browning, and stimulates nonshivering thermogenesis. Enhancement in energy expenditure due to an increase in amount of energy burned by brown and 'beige' adipocytes results in subsequent weight loss. Fexaramine is poorly absorbed into circulation when delivered orally, which limits systemic FXR activation and toxicity. An increase in β3-adrenoceptor signaling, activation of Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5/glucagon-like peptide-1 (TGR5/GLP-1) signaling, and induction of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-19/FGF-15 play crucial roles in fexaramine metabolic actions. Intestinal FXR activation is a promising, potentially safe approach for treating obesity and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Dąbrowska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland, Jaczewskiego Street 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Jarosław Dudka
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland, Jaczewskiego Street 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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Chilamakuri SN, N M, Thalla M, Velayutham R, Lee Y, Cho SM, Jung H, Natesan S. Role of Microneedles for Improved Treatment of Obesity: Progress and Challenges. Mol Pharm 2025; 22:2350-2371. [PMID: 40167034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c01115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2025]
Abstract
Obesity is a global metabolic health epidemic characterized by excessive lipid and fat accumulation, leading to severe conditions such as diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Immediate attention and management of obesity-related health risks are most warranted. The imbalance between fat absorption, metabolic rate, and environmental and genetic factors is responsible for obesity. Treatment typically involves lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy, and surgery. While lifestyle changes are crucial, effective treatment often necessitates medication as a preferred adjunct strategy. However, medications commonly used, such as oral pharmacotherapy, often show side effects due to systemic exposure and, thus, may not effectively target the intended areas, leading to drug loss. On the other hand, transdermal administration of drugs with microneedle (MN)-based technologies, a painless drug delivery approach with patient compliance, is gaining interest as an alternative obesity treatment, as it directly targets adipose tissue via local delivery, minimizing system exposure and dose reduction. This Review addresses the pathophysiology of obesity, current treatment strategies, challenges in the treatment of obesity using conventional formulations, the importance of the use of nano-based medications through transdermal delivery, and the use of MNs as a promising platform for the effective delivery of nanoparticle-based anti-obesity medications. The potential of combining MNs with stimuli-responsive and non-responsive adjuvant therapies to enhance treatment efficacy and patient outcomes is explored. In addition, the limitations and future perspectives related to the use of MNs for obesity are addressed to highlight the transformative potential of this technology for obesity management. MNs hold promise in precisely delivering anti-obesity drugs while requiring lower dosages and minimizing side effects compared to conventional oral or injectable therapies and ultimately improving the quality of life for individuals struggling with obesity and its associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarshan Naidu Chilamakuri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Advance Formulation Laboratory, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Manasa N
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Advance Formulation Laboratory, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Maharshi Thalla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, Texas 78363, United States
| | - Ravichandiran Velayutham
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Advance Formulation Laboratory, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Youjin Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Min Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungil Jung
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 08389, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Subramanian Natesan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Advance Formulation Laboratory, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India
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Kim J, Kang C, Yoo JW, Yoon IS, Jung Y. Colon-Targeted β 3-Adrenoceptor Agonist Mirabegron Enhances Anticolitic Potency of the Drug via Potentiating the Nrf2-HO-1 Pathway. Mol Pharm 2025; 22:2431-2445. [PMID: 40241685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c01041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2025]
Abstract
The selective agonist of β3-adrenergic receptor mirabegron (MBG), clinically used to treat overactive bladders, exerts beneficial effects in animal models of colitis. Here, we aimed to enhance the therapeutic activity and safety of MBG as an anticolitic drug by implementing colon-targeted drug delivery using a prodrug approach. MBG was azo-linked with salicylic acid (SA) to yield SA-conjugated MBG (MAS), which was conjugated with aspartic acid (Asp) and glutamic acid (Glu) to yield more hydrophilic derivatives: Asp-conjugated MAS (MAS-Asp) and Glu-conjugated MAS (MAS-Glu). MBG derivatives reduced the distribution coefficient and cell permeability of MBG, which were greater with the amino acid-conjugated MAS than with MAS. MBG derivatives were cleaved to release MBG in the cecal contents. Upon oral gavage, compared with MBG, MBG derivatives delivered greater amounts of MBG to the cecum while limiting the systemic absorption of MBG, and the amino acid-conjugated MAS exhibited a greater performance than MAS. In a rat colitis model, MBG derivatives were more effective than MBG in ameliorating colonic damage and inflammation, and the amino acid-conjugated MAS was more potent than MAS. MAS-Glu was therapeutically superior to sulfasalazine, a current drug to treat inflammatory bowel disease, against rat colitis. Moreover, MBG activated the anti-inflammatory nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-hemeoxygenase (HO)-1 pathway in inflamed colonic tissue, and the MAS-Glu-mediated amelioration of colitis was significantly compromised by an HO-1 inhibitor. Taken together, colon-targeted delivery of MBG may enhance the anticolitic activity, reduce the risk of systemic side effects of MBG, and elicit the therapeutic effects, at least partly by activating the Nrf2-HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaejeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyu Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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Lee WC, Lu S, Su CH, Tain YL, Wu KLH, Hsu CN, Tzeng HT. Tadalafil Ameliorates Chronic Ischemia-Associated Bladder Overactivity in Fructose-Fed Rats by Exerting Pelvic Angiogenesis and Enhancing p-eNOS Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:1363. [PMID: 39941129 PMCID: PMC11818424 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26031363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2025] [Accepted: 02/03/2025] [Indexed: 02/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) can contribute to a chronic ischemia-relative overactive bladder (OAB). Using fructose-fed rats (FFRs), a rat model of MetS, we investigated the effects of tadalafil (a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor) on MetS-associated chronic bladder ischemia and bladder overactivity. Phenotypes of the OAB, including increased micturition frequency and a shortened intercontractile interval in cystometry, were observed in FFRs, together with reduced bladder blood perfusion (in empty bladders) via laser color Doppler imaging and elevated serum nitrite levels, suggesting chronic ischemia-related bladder dysfunction. Treatment with tadalafil (2 mg/kg) promoted pelvic angiogenesis, as shown by magnetic resonance imaging, and increased VEGF and p-eNOS overexpression in the bladder. This treatment restored bladder perfusion and alleviated bladder overactivity without significantly altering most MetS parameters. At the molecular level, FFRs exhibited increased ischemia markers (NGF, HIF-2α, and AMPK-α2) and decreased p-AMPK-α2, along with elevated proinflammatory mediators (ICAM-1, nuclear NF-κB, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), enhanced mitochondria biogenesis (PGC-1α, TFAM, and mitochondria DNA copy number), oxidative stress (decreased nuclear NRF2, increase MnSOD and 8-OHdG staining), and tissue fibrosis (increased TGF-β1, collagen I, and fibronectin). Tadalafil treatment improved these effects. Together, these findings suggest that tadalafil may promote VEGF-associated angiogenesis, enhance p-eNOS staining in the bladder vasculature, normalize bladder perfusion in microcirculation, and reduce serum nitrite levels. Consequently, tadalafil mitigates the adverse effects of chronic ischemia/hypoxia, improving bladder overactivity. We elucidated the mechanisms underlying the tadalafil-mediated amelioration of MetS-associated OAB symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chia Lee
- Division of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
| | - Steve Lu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (S.L.); (K.L.H.W.)
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Su
- Center for General Education, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
| | - Kay L. H. Wu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (S.L.); (K.L.H.W.)
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Tai Tzeng
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (S.L.); (K.L.H.W.)
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5
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Zhang ZB, Cheng YW, Xu L, Li JQ, Pan X, Zhu M, Chen XH, Sun AJ, Lin JR, Gao PJ. Activation of β3-adrenergic receptor by mirabegron prevents aortic dissection/aneurysm by promoting lymphangiogenesis in perivascular adipose tissue. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:2307-2319. [PMID: 39288197 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS β3-Adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) is essential for cardiovascular homoeostasis through regulating adipose tissue function. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of aortic dissection and aneurysm (AD/AA). Here, we aim to investigate β3-AR activation-mediated PVAT function in AD/AA. METHODS AND RESULTS Aortas from patients with thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) were collected to detect β3-AR expression in PVAT. ApoE-/- and β-aminopropionitrile monofumarate (BAPN)-treated C57BL/6 mice were induced with Angiotensin II (AngII) to simulate AD/AA and subsequently received either placebo or mirabegron, a β3-AR agonist. The results demonstrated an up-regulation of β3-AR in PVAT of TAD patients and AD/AA mice. Moreover, activation of β3-AR by mirabegron significantly prevented AngII-induced AD/AA formation in mice. RNA-sequencing analysis of adipocytes from PVAT revealed a notable increase of the lymphangiogenic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C), in mirabegron-treated mice. Consistently, enhanced lymphangiogenesis was found in PVAT with mirabegron treatment. Mechanistically, the number of CD4+/CD8+ T cells and CD11c+ cells was reduced in PVAT but increased in adjacent draining lymph nodes of mirabegron-treated mice, indicating the improved draining and clearance of inflammatory cells in PVAT by lymphangiogenesis. Importantly, adipocyte-specific VEGF-C knockdown by the adeno-associated virus system restrained lymphangiogenesis and exacerbated inflammatory cell infiltration in PVAT, which ultimately abolished the protection of mirabegron on AD/AA. In addition, the conditional medium derived from mirabegron-treated adipocytes activated the proliferation and tube formation of LECs, which was abrogated by the silencing of VEGF-C in adipocytes. CONCLUSION Our findings illustrated the therapeutic potential of β3-AR activation by mirabegron on AD/AA, which promoted lymphangiogenesis by increasing adipocyte-derived VEGF-C and, therefore, ameliorated PVAT inflammation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aortic Dissection/metabolism
- Aortic Dissection/pathology
- Aortic Dissection/prevention & control
- Aortic Dissection/chemically induced
- Aortic Dissection/physiopathology
- Aortic Dissection/genetics
- Lymphangiogenesis/drug effects
- Adrenergic beta-3 Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3/metabolism
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3/genetics
- Acetanilides/pharmacology
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C/genetics
- Humans
- Male
- Disease Models, Animal
- Adipose Tissue/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/prevention & control
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/chemically induced
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/drug therapy
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Thiazoles/pharmacology
- Signal Transduction
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Angiotensin II
- Adipocytes/metabolism
- Adipocytes/pathology
- Adipocytes/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Mice
- Lymphatic Vessels/metabolism
- Lymphatic Vessels/drug effects
- Lymphatic Vessels/pathology
- Lymphatic Vessels/physiopathology
- Female
- Middle Aged
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Bei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin, 2 Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yu-Wen Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin, 2 Road, Shanghai 200025, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lian Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin, 2 Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jia-Qi Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin, 2 Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xin Pan
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin, 2 Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin, 2 Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ai-Jun Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Rong Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin, 2 Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ping-Jin Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin, 2 Road, Shanghai 200025, China
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6
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Hassan NF, El-Ansary MR, El-Ansary AR, El-Saied MA, Zaki OS. Unveiling the protective potential of mirabegron against thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats: Insights into cAMP/PPAR-γ/p-ERK1/2/p S536 NF-κB p 65 and p-CREB/BDNF/TrkB in parallel with oxidative and apoptotic trajectories. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 229:116504. [PMID: 39179118 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is one of the most prevalent and severe hepatic and brain disorders in which escalation of the oxidative, inflammatory and apoptotic trajectories pathologically connects acute liver injury with neurological impairment. Mirabegron (Mira) is a beta3 adrenergic receptor agonist with proven antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The current research pointed to exploring Mira's hepato-and neuroprotective impacts against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced HE in rats. Rats were distributed into three experimental groups: the normal control group, the TAA group, received TAA (200 mg/kg/day for three consecutive days) and the Mira-treated group received Mira (10 mg/kg/day; oral gavage) for 15 consecutive days and intoxicated with TAA from the 13th to the 15th day of the experimental period. Mira counteracted hyperammonemia, enhanced rats' locomotor capability and motor coordination. It attenuated hepatic/neurological injuries by its antioxidant, anti-apoptotic as well as anti-inflammatory potentials. Mira predominantly targeted cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-Erk1/2)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) dependent pathways via downregulation of p S536-nuclear factor kappa B p65 (p S536 NF-κB p 65)/tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α) axis. Meanwhile, it attenuated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) depletion in parallel with restoring of the neuroprotective defensive pathway by upregulation of cerebral cAMP/PPAR-γ/p-ERK1/2 and p-CREB/BDNF/TrkB besides reduction of GFAP immunoreactivity. Mira showed anti-apoptotic activity through inhibition of Bax immunoreactivity and elevation of Bcl2. To summarize, Mira exhibited a hepato-and neuroprotective effect against TAA-induced HE in rats via shielding antioxidant defense and mitigation of the pathological inflammatory and apoptotic axis besides upregulation of neuroprotective signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha F Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona R El-Ansary
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira R El-Ansary
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Saied
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Omnia S Zaki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt.
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7
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Derayea SM, Ahmed AS, Abdelshakour MA, Oraby M, Badr El-Din KM. Diaryl pyrrolone fluorescent probing strategy for Mirabegron determination through condensation with ninhydrin and phenylacetaldehyde: Application to dosage forms, human urine and plasma. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 318:124515. [PMID: 38810435 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Mirabegron (MRB) is a β3-adrenoceptor agonist used for managing overactive bladder syndrome. A cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and highly sensitive spectrofluorimetric method was suggested to serve the purpose of quantifying MRB in its pure state, pharmaceutical tablets, spiked human plasma and urine, and testing content uniformity. In the present study, ninhydrin and phenylacetaldehyde react with the amino group moiety of MRB in Teorell-Stenhagen buffer (pH 7.5) to generate a strongly fluorescent diaryl pyrrolone compound that emits fluorescence at a wavelength of 477 nm upon excitation at 385 nm. The obtained calibration curve showed a linear relationship with a high correlation coefficient (r = 0.9997) in the concentration range of 0.25 to 5.0 µg mL-1. Limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) were 0.082 and 0.248 µg mL-1 respectively. The procedure was verified in accordance with the ICH guidelines. The suggested approach could be utilized for the selective analysis of MRB in its pharmaceuticals, either containing a single drug or co-formulated with solifenacin succinate. The greenness of the suggested method was confirmed using different green analytical metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed M Derayea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Abdelshakour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Oraby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Khalid M Badr El-Din
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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8
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Ahmed MA, Kamel EO, Abd-Eldayem AM. Role of cAMP/pCREB and GSK-3β/NF-κB p65 signaling pathways in the renoprotective effect of mirabegron against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 974:176617. [PMID: 38679120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury and other renal disorders are thought to be primarily caused by renal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR). Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) has plenty of physiological pleiotropic effects and preserves tissue integrity and functions. This research aimed to examine the potential protective effects of the β3-adrenergic receptors agonist mirabegron in a rat model of RIR and its underlying mechanisms. Male rats enrolled in this work were given an oral dose of 30 mg/kg mirabegron for two days before surgical induction of RIR. Renal levels of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), cAMP, cAMP-responsive element binding protein (pCREB), and glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) were assessed along with blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. Additionally, caspase-3 and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 were explored by immunohistochemical analysis. Renal specimens were inspected for histopathological changes. RIR led to renal tissue damage with elevated blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels. The renal KIM-1, MCP-1, TNF-α, and GSK-3β were significantly increased, while IL-10, cAMP, and pCREB levels were reduced. Moreover, upregulation of caspase-3 and NF-κB p65 protein expression was seen in RIR rats. Mirabegron significantly reduced kidney dysfunction, histological abnormalities, inflammation, and apoptosis in the rat renal tissues. Mechanistically, mirabegron mediated these effects via modulation of cAMP/pCREB and GSK-3β/NF-κB p65 signaling pathways. Mirabegron administration could protect renal tissue and maintain renal function against RIR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Esam O Kamel
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Abd-Eldayem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Merit University, Sohag, Egypt.
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9
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Gao Z, Liu Y, Lin W, Lian H, Meng Z. A microneedle patch realizes weight loss through photothermal induction of fat browning. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:1726-1737. [PMID: 38357975 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01767b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
As a globally prevalent disease, obesity leads to many chronic diseases, so it is important to develop safe and effective treatments with fewer side effects and lasting weight loss. In this study, we developed a biodegradable hyaluronic acid microneedle patch loaded with polydopamine nanoparticles and mirabegron, which directly acted on subcutaneous white adipose tissue, and then induced browning of white adipose tissue through mild photothermal therapy. The approach showed excellent browning-promoting ability and biocompatibility. It is noteworthy that the weight of untreated mice increased by 9%, while the weight of obese mice decreased by nearly 19% after photothermal treatment. In addition, when mirabegron was used in combination with photothermal therapy, the weight loss of obese mice was more significant, with a weight loss of about 22%. This microneedle patch exhibited attractive potential for body slimming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichun Gao
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yixuan Liu
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Wenjiao Lin
- Qingmao Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., China
| | - He Lian
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Zhaoxu Meng
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
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10
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Yang X, Zhang W, Wang L, Zhao Y, Wei W. Metabolite-sensing GPCRs in rheumatoid arthritis. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2024; 45:118-133. [PMID: 38182481 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Persistent inflammation in damaged joints results in metabolic dysregulation of the synovial microenvironment, causing pathogenic alteration of cell activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recently, the role of metabolite and metabolite-sensing G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the RA-related inflammatory immune response (IIR) has become a focus of research attention. These GPCRs participate in the progression of RA by modulating immune cell activation, migration, and inflammatory responses. Here, we discuss recent evidence implicating metabolic dysregulation in RA pathogenesis, focusing on the connection between RA-related IIR and GPCR signals originating from the synovial joint and gut. Furthermore, we discuss future directions for targeting metabolite-sensing GPCRs for therapeutic benefit, emphasizing the importance of identifying endogenous ligands and investigating the various transduction mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhi Yang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wankang Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Luping Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China.
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11
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Kamal MM, El-Abhar HS, Abdallah DM, Ahmed KA, Aly NES, Rabie MA. Mirabegron, dependent on β3-adrenergic receptor, alleviates mercuric chloride-induced kidney injury by reversing the impact on the inflammatory network, M1/M2 macrophages, and claudin-2. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111289. [PMID: 38016347 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) agonism mirabegron is used to treat overactive urinary bladder syndrome; however, its role against acute kidney injury (AKI) is not unveiled, hence, we aim to repurpose mirabegron in the treatment of mercuric chloride (HgCl2)-induced AKI. Rats were allocated into normal, normal + mirabegron, HgCl2 untreated, HgCl2 + mirabegron, and HgCl2 + the β3-AR blocker SR59230A + mirabegron. The latter increased the mRNA of β3-AR and miR-127 besides downregulating NF-κB p65 protein expression and the contents of its downstream targets iNOS, IL-4, -13, and -17 but increased that of IL-10 to attest its anti-inflammatory capacity. Besides, mirabegron downregulated the protein expression of STAT-6, PI3K, and ERK1/2, the downstream targets of the above cytokines. Additionally, it enhanced the transcription factor PPAR-α but turned off the harmful hub HNF-4α/HNF-1α and the lipid peroxide marker MDA. Mirabegron also downregulated the CD-163 protein expression, which besides the inhibited correlated cytokines of M1 (NF-κB p65, iNOS, IL-17) and M2 (IL-4, IL-13, CD163, STAT6, ERK1/2), inactivated the macrophage phenotypes. The crosstalk between these parameters was echoed in the maintenance of claudin-2, kidney function-related early (cystatin-C, KIM-1, NGAL), and late (creatinine, BUN) injury markers, besides recovering the microscopic structures. Nonetheless, the pre-administration of SR59230A has nullified the beneficial effects of mirabegron on the aforementioned parameters. Here we verified that mirabegron can berepurposedto treat HgCl2-induced AKI by activating the β3-AR. Mirabegron signified its effect by inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, and the activated M1/M2 macrophages, events that preserved the proximal tubular tight junction claudin-2 via the intersection of several trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M Kamal
- Research Institute of Medical Entomology, General Organization for Teaching Hospitals and Institutes, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan S El-Abhar
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalaal M Abdallah
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Kawkab A Ahmed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nour Eldin S Aly
- Research Institute of Medical Entomology, General Organization for Teaching Hospitals and Institutes, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A Rabie
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Egyptian Chinese University (ECU), 19346, Egypt
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12
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Dwaib HS, Michel MC. Is the β 3-Adrenoceptor a Valid Target for the Treatment of Obesity and/or Type 2 Diabetes? Biomolecules 2023; 13:1714. [PMID: 38136585 PMCID: PMC10742325 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
β3-Adrenoceptors mediate several functions in rodents that could be beneficial for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. This includes promotion of insulin release from the pancreas, cellular glucose uptake, lipolysis, and thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue. In combination, they lead to a reduction of body weight in several rodent models including ob/ob mice and Zucker diabetic fatty rats. These findings stimulated drug development programs in various pharmaceutical companies, and at least nine β3-adrenoceptor agonists have been tested in clinical trials. However, all of these projects were discontinued due to the lack of clinically relevant changes in body weight. Following a concise historical account of discoveries leading to such drug development programs we discuss species differences that explain why β3-adrenoceptors are not a meaningful drug target for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneen S. Dwaib
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Palestine Ahliya University, Bethlehem P.O. Box 1041, Palestine;
| | - Martin C. Michel
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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13
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Dąbrowska AM, Dudka J. Mirabegron, a Selective β3-Adrenergic Receptor Agonist, as a Potential Anti-Obesity Drug. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6897. [PMID: 37959362 PMCID: PMC10649615 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12216897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is becoming a global health epidemic. Brown and "beige" adipose tissue may produce heat, leading to energy expenditure enhancement and weight loss. Mirabegron, a selective β3-adrenergic receptor agonist, has been found to be effective as a brown adipose tissue activator, a "beige" cells stimulator and a metabolic homeostasis controller in animal and human studies. Although in animal studies, administration of mirabegron led to obesity improvement, significant weight loss in obese patients after mirabegron treatment has not been demonstrated so far, which may be associated with the too-short duration of the trials and the small number of participants in the studies. In humans, the most effective treatment for adipose tissue stimulation was high doses of mirabegron; however, cardiovascular side effects may limit the use of such doses, so the long-term safety must be evaluated. In cases of tachycardia or blood pressure elevation, the co-administration of a β1-adrenergic receptor blocker may be useful. It should be checked whether smaller doses of mirabegron, taken for a longer time, will be sufficient to stimulate brown and "beige" adipose tissue, leading to weight loss. The introduction of mirabegron into obesity treatment in the future will require long-term trials with larger numbers of subjects, to assess mirabegron efficacy, tolerability, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Dąbrowska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego Street 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
- Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jarosław Dudka
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego Street 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
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14
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Morishige JI, Yoshioka K, Nakata H, Ishimaru K, Nagata N, Tanaka T, Takuwa Y, Ando H. Sphingosine kinase 1 is involved in triglyceride breakdown by maintaining lysosomal integrity in brown adipocytes. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100450. [PMID: 37751791 PMCID: PMC10630120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) has been implicated in brown adipose tissue (BAT) formation and energy consumption; however, the mechanistic role of sphingolipids, including S1P, in BAT remains unclear. Here, we showed that, in mice, BAT activation by cold exposure upregulated mRNA and protein expression of the S1P-synthesizing enzyme sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and S1P production in BAT. Treatment of wild-type brown adipocytes with exogenous S1P or S1P receptor subtype-selective agonists stimulated triglyceride (TG) breakdown only marginally, compared with noradrenaline. However, genetic deletion of Sphk1 resulted in hypothermia and diminished body weight loss upon cold exposure, suggesting that SphK1 is involved in thermogenesis through mechanisms different from receptor-mediated, extracellular action of S1P. In BAT of wild-type mice, SphK1 was localized largely in the lysosomes of brown adipocytes. In the brown adipocytes of Sphk1-/- mice, the number of lysosomes was reduced and lysosomal function, including proteolytic activity, acid esterase activity, and motility, was impaired. Concordantly, nuclear translocation of transcription factor EB, a master transcriptional regulator of lysosome biogenesis, was reduced, leading to decreased mRNA expression of the lysosome-related genes in Sphk1-/- BAT. Moreover, BAT of Sphk1-/- mice showed greater TG accumulation with dominant larger lipid droplets in brown adipocytes. Inhibition of lysosomes with chloroquine resulted in a less extent of triglyceride accumulation in Sphk1-/- brown adipocytes compared with wild-type brown adipocytes, suggesting a reduced lysosome-mediated TG breakdown in Sphk1-/- mice. Our results indicate a novel role of SphK1 in lysosomal integrity, which is required for TG breakdown and thermogenesis in BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichi Morishige
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Function Analysis, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Yoshioka
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakata
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences, Komatsu University, Komatsu, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ishimaru
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Naoto Nagata
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Function Analysis, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yoh Takuwa
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Ando
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Function Analysis, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
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15
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Kim SY, You BH, Bae M, Han SY, Jung K, Choi YH. Improved Pharmacokinetic Feasibilities of Mirabegron-1,2-Ethanedisulfonic Acid, Mirabegron-1,5-Naphthalenedisulfonic Acid, and Mirabegron-L-Pyroglutamic Acid as Co-Amorphous Dispersions in Rats and Mice. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2277. [PMID: 37765246 PMCID: PMC10536516 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mirabegron (MBR) is a β3-adrenoceptor agonist used for treating overactive bladder syndrome. Due to its poor solubility and low bioavailability (F), the development of novel MBR formulations has garnered increasing attention. Recently, co-amorphous dispersions of MBR, such as MBR-1,2-ethanedisulfonic acid (MBR-EFA), MBR-1,5-naphthalenedisulfonic acid (MBR-NDA), and MBR-L-pyroglutamic acid (MBR-PG), have been developed, showing improved solubility and thermodynamic stability. Nevertheless, the pharmacokinetic feasibility of these co-amorphous dispersions has not been evaluated. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the pharmacokinetic profiles of MBR-EFA, MBR-NDA, and MBR-PG in rats and mice. Our results exhibited that relative F24h and AUC0-24h values of MBR in MBR-EFA, MBR-NDA, and MBR-PG rats were increased by 143-195% compared with the MBR rats. The absolute F24h, relative F24h, and AUC0-24h values of MBR in MBR-EFA and MBR-NDA mice were enhanced by 178-234% compared with the MBR mice. In tissue distribution, MBR was extensively distributed in the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys, lung, and heart of mice. Notably, MBR distribution in the liver, kidneys, and lung was considerably high in MBR-EFA, MBR-NDA, or MBR-PG mice compared with MBR mice. These findings highlight the potential of these co-amorphous dispersions to enhance oral F of MBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Yeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University_Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.-Y.K.); (B.H.Y.); (M.B.); (S.Y.H.)
| | - Byung Hoon You
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University_Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.-Y.K.); (B.H.Y.); (M.B.); (S.Y.H.)
| | - Mingoo Bae
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University_Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.-Y.K.); (B.H.Y.); (M.B.); (S.Y.H.)
| | - Seung Yon Han
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University_Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.-Y.K.); (B.H.Y.); (M.B.); (S.Y.H.)
| | - Kiwon Jung
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si 13488, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Oncobix Co., Ltd., 120 Heungdeokjungang-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 16950, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hee Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University_Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.-Y.K.); (B.H.Y.); (M.B.); (S.Y.H.)
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16
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Farid NA, Youssef NF, Abdellatef HE, Sharaf YA. Spectrofluorimetric methods for the determination of mirabegron by quenching tyrosine and L-tryptophan fluorophores: Recognition of quenching mechanism by stern volmer relationship, evaluation of binding constants and binding sites. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 293:122473. [PMID: 36801734 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Green spectrofluorimetric methods have been adopted for the determination of Mirabegron (MG) in pure drug and pharmaceutical dosage form. The developed methods based on fluorescence quenching of tyrosine and L-tryptophan amino acids fluorophores by the effect of Mirabegron as a quencher. Experimental conditions of the reaction were studied and optimized. The Fluorescence quenching (ΔF) values were proportional to the concentration range of MG 2-20 μg/ml for the tyrosine-MG system in buffered media pH 2 and 1-30 μg/ml for L-tryptophan-MG system pH 6. Good correlation coefficients with low detection limits of 0.163 and 0.234 μg/ml for the two systems respectively. Method validation was applied according to ICH guidelines. The cited methods were successively applied for MG determination in tablet formulation. No statistically significant difference between the results of the cited and the reference methods regarding t and F tests. The proposed spectrofluorimetric methods are simple, rapid, eco-friendly and can contribute to MG's methodologies in quality control labs. Stern-Volmer relationship, the effect of temperature, quenching constant (Kq), and UV spectra were studied to identify the mechanism by which the quenching might occur. The results demonstrated that fluorescence quenching of tyrosine was a dynamic quenching process and L-tryptophan was static. The double log plots were constructed to determine the binding constants and binding sites. The greenness profile of the developed methods has been assessed by Green Analytical procedure index (GAPI) and Analytical Greenness Metric Approach (AGREE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Naira A Farid
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, Egypt
| | - Nadia F Youssef
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, Egypt
| | - Hisham E Abdellatef
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Yasmine A Sharaf
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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17
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D’Agostino G, Salvatore S, Calvi P, Condino AM. Inhibition of prejunctional parasympathetic pathways by β 3-adrenoceptor agonists in the isolated pig detrusor: comparison with human detrusor studies. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1177653. [PMID: 37234719 PMCID: PMC10206075 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1177653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Adrenergic receptors of the β3-subtype (β3-ADRs) seem to represent a new target for a more effective pharmacological treatment of overactive bladder (OAB), a wide spread urinary disorder. A promising opportunity for OAB therapy might rely on the development of selective β3-ADR agonists, but an appropriate preclinical screening, as well as investigation of their pharmacological mechanism(s), is limited by poor availability of human bladder samples and of translational animal models. In this study, we used the porcine urinary bladder as experimental tool to ascertain the functions of β3-ADRs in the control the parasympathetic motor drive. Tritiated acetylcholine ([3H]-ACh), mainly originated from neural stores, was released by electrical field stimulation (EFS) in epithelium-deprived detrusor strips from pigs bred without estrogens. EFS produced simultaneously [3H]-ACh release and smooth muscle contraction allowing to asses neural (pre-junctional) and myogenic (postjunctional) effects in the same experiment. Isoprenaline and mirabegron produced on the EFS-evoked effects a concentration-dependent inhibition antagonized by L-748,337, a high selective β3-ADR antagonist. The analysis of the resultant pharmacodynamic parameters supports the notion that in pig detrusors, as well as in previously described human detrusors, the activation of inhibitory β3-ADRs can modulate neural parasympathetic pathways. In such inhibitory control, the involvement of membrane K+ channels, mainly of the SK type, seems to play a pivotal role similarly to what previously described in humans. Therefore, the isolated porcine detrusor can provide a suitable experimental tool to study the mechanisms underlying the clinical efficacy of selective β3-ADR compounds for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefano Salvatore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Calvi
- Cellini Clinic, Humanitas Group, Torino, Italy
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18
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Zhao X, Liu Y, Zhang X, Zhao B, Burley G, Yang Z, Luo Y, Li A, Zhang R, Liu Z, Shi Y, Wang Q. The combined effect of metformin and mirabegron on diet-induced obesity. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e207. [PMID: 36818016 PMCID: PMC9928947 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-obesity medications act by suppressing energy intake (EI), promoting energy expenditure (EE), or both. Metformin (Met) and mirabegron (Mir) cause weight loss by targeting EI and EE, respectively. However, anti-obesity effects during concurrent use of both have yet to be explored. In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity effects, metabolic benefits, and underlying mechanisms of Met/Mir combination therapy in two clinically relevant contexts: the prevention model and the treatment model. In the prevention model, Met/Mir caused further 12% and 14% reductions in body weight (BW) gain induced by a high-fat diet compared to Met or Mir alone, respectively. In the treatment model, Met/Mir additively promoted 17% BW loss in diet-induced obese mice, which was 13% and 6% greater than Met and Mir alone, respectively. Additionally, Met/Mir improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. These benefits of Met/Mir were associated with increased EE, activated brown adipose tissue thermogenesis, and white adipose tissue browning. Significantly, Met/Mir did not cause cardiovascular dysfunction in either model. Together, the combination of Met and Mir could be a promising approach for the prevention and treatment of obesity by targeting both EI and EE simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin‐Yuan Zhao
- Laboratory of Metabolism and AgingSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen UniversitySun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolism and AgingSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen UniversitySun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research GroupDiabetes and Metabolism DivisionGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Ben‐Chi Zhao
- Laboratory of Metabolism and AgingSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen UniversitySun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - George Burley
- Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research GroupDiabetes and Metabolism DivisionGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Zhi‐Can Yang
- Laboratory of Metabolism and AgingSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen UniversitySun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Yi Luo
- Laboratory of Metabolism and AgingSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen UniversitySun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - An‐Qi Li
- Laboratory of Metabolism and AgingSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen UniversitySun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Ruo‐Xin Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolism and AgingSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen UniversitySun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Zhi‐Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolism and AgingSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen UniversitySun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Yan‐Chuan Shi
- Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research GroupDiabetes and Metabolism DivisionGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Clinical MedicineSt Vincent's Clinical CampusFaculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Qiao‐Ping Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolism and AgingSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐sen UniversitySun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
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19
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Zhao L, Luo H, Li T, Zhao X, Liu Y. β3 adrenoceptor agonist mirabegron protects against right ventricular remodeling and drives Drp1 inhibition. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2022; 12:815-827. [PMID: 36605081 PMCID: PMC9808120 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-22-274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background The right ventricular (RV) function determines the prognosis of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Metabolic disorders have been observed in the RV myocardium in PH. Activation of the β3 adrenoceptor improves cardiac function and restores cardiac metabolic efficiency in rodents with heart failure; however, its role in the RV remains uncertain. Methods Experimental PH was induced by monocrotaline (MCT) in rats. Mirabegron, a selective β3 adrenoceptor agonist, was given to MCT rats daily from the day after MCT injection at the dose of 10 mg/kg. In vivo echocardiography and RV catheterization were performed to assess RV hemodynamics, structure, and function. RV fibrosis and hypertrophy were assessed by Sirius Red (SR) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) staining respectively. Western blotting was performed to examine the markers of RV fibrosis and hypertrophy, as well as the levels of the key molecules and their phosphorylated forms. The molecular changes were confirmed in the cardiac hypertrophy model of angiotensin II (Ang II) treated H9c2 cardiomyocytes using western blotting. Results The overloaded RV had increased β3 adrenoceptor expression, which was further increased by mirabegron. Mirabegron reduced RV pressure and reduced RV structural and functional deterioration in MCT rats. Mirabegron decreased cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy in the overloaded RV. Mirabegron suppressed dynaminrelated protein 1 (Drp1) and promoted AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling in the overloaded RV and Ang II treated cardiomyocytes. Conclusions The β3 adrenoceptor agonist mirabegron reduced RV hypertrophy and fibrosis in PH rats. The treatment effect involved Drp1 inhibition and AMPK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Tangzhiming Li
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People’s Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiexiong Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanghong Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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20
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Nasser S, Abdallah DM, Ahmed KA, Abdel-Mottaleb Y, El-Abhar HS. The novel anti-colitic effect of β-adrenergic receptors via modulation of PS1/BACE-1/Aβ axis and NOTCH signaling in an ulcerative colitis model. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1008085. [PMID: 36386153 PMCID: PMC9641009 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1008085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Although dysautonomia was documented in inflammatory bowel disease, with activation of the stress-related sympathetic system, the role of agonists/antagonists of the adrenergic receptors is not conclusive. Moreover, ulcerative colitis was recently linked to dementia, but the potential role of the presenilin 1(PS1)/BACE-1/beta-amyloid (Aβ) axis has not been evaluated. Hence, we investigated the impact of mirabegron (β3-agonist) and/or carvedilol (β1/β2 antagonist) on iodoacetamide-induced ulcerative colitis with emphasis on the novel pathomechanism of the PS1/BACE-1/Aβ axis in ulcerative colitis, and its relation to the inflammatory cascade, fibrotic processes, and the gut barrier dysfunction. Ulcerated rats were either left untreated or treated for 8 days with mirabegron and/or carvedilol. Besides minimizing colon edema and weight loss, and improving colon structure, mirabegron and/or carvedilol abated colonic PS1/BACE-1/Aβ axis and the NOTCH1/NICD/HES1 hub besides the inflammatory cascade GSK3-β/NF-κΒ/TNF-α, and the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde. The anti-fibrotic effect was verified by boosting SMAD-7 and inhibiting TGF-β1, α-SMA immunoexpression, and MTC staining. Moreover, the drugs improved the gut barrier function, attested by the increased goblet cells and expression of E-cadherin, and the inhibited expression of p (Y654)-β-catenin to preserve the E-cadherin/β-catenin adherens junction (AJ). These signaling pathways may be orchestrated by the replenished PPAR-γ, a transcription factor known for its anti-colitic effect. Conclusion: Besides maintaining the gut barrier, mirabegron and/or carvedilol mediated their anti-colitic effect by their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic capacities. The therapeutic effect of these drugs depends partly on suppressing the harmful signaling pathways PS1/BACE-1/Aβ, NOTCH1/NICD/HES1, GSK3-β/NF-κΒ/TNF-α, and TGF-1β/α-SMA while enhancing PPAR-γ, SMAD-7, mucus, and AJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Nasser
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalaal M. Abdallah
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kawkab A. Ahmed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yousra Abdel-Mottaleb
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan S. El-Abhar
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), New Cairo, Egypt
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21
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De Stefano A, Schinzari F, Di Daniele N, Sica G, Gentileschi P, Vizioli G, Cardillo C, Tesauro M. Mirabegron relaxes arteries from human visceral adipose tissue through antagonism of α 1-adrenergic receptors. Vascul Pharmacol 2022; 146:107094. [PMID: 35934296 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2022.107094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM As inadequate perfusion has emerged as a key determinant of adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity, interest has grown regarding possible pharmacological interventions to prevent this process. Mirabegron has proved to improve insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in obese humans via stimulation of β3-adrenoceptors which also seem to mediate endothelium-dependent vasodilation in disparate human vascular beds. We characterized, therefore, the vasomotor function of mirabegron in human adipose tissue arteries and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Small arteries (116-734 μm) isolated from visceral adipose tissue were studied ex vivo in a wire myograph. After vessels had been contracted, changes in vascular tone in response to mirabegron were determined under different conditions. RESULTS Mirabegron did not elicit vasorelaxation in vessels contracted with U46619 or high-K+ (both P > 0.05). Notably, mirabegron markedly blunted the contractile effect of the α1-adrenergic receptor agonist phenylephrine (P < 0.001) either in presence or absence of the vascular endothelium. The anti-contractile action of mirabegron on phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction was not influenced by the presence of the selective β3-adrenoceptor blocker L-748,337 (P < 0.05); lack of involvement of β3-adrenoceptors was further supported by absent vascular staining for them at immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSIONS Mirabegron induces endothelium-independent vasorelaxation in arteries from visceral adipose tissue, likely through antagonism of α1-adrenoceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Sica
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Tor Vergata University, Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Gentileschi
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Tor Vergata University, Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Vizioli
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Cardillo
- Department of Aging, Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Roma, Italy
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22
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Ujiantari NSO, Ham S, Nagiri C, Shihoya W, Nureki O, Hutchinson DS, Schuster D. Pharmacophore-guided Virtual Screening to Identify New β 3 -adrenergic Receptor Agonists. Mol Inform 2022; 41:e2100223. [PMID: 34963040 PMCID: PMC9400856 DOI: 10.1002/minf.202100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The β3 -adrenergic receptor (β3 -AR) is found in several tissues such as adipose tissue and urinary bladder. It is a therapeutic target because it plays a role in thermogenesis, lipolysis, and bladder relaxation. Two β3 -AR agonists are used clinically: mirabegron 1 and vibegron 2, which are indicated for overactive bladder syndrome. However, these drugs show adverse effects, including increased blood pressure in mirabegron patients. Hence, new β3 -AR agonists are needed as starting points for drug development. Previous pharmacophore modeling studies of the β3 -AR did not involve experimental in vitro validation. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct prospective virtual screening and confirm the biological activity of virtual hits. Ligand-based pharmacophore modeling was performed since no 3D structure of human β3 -AR is yet available. A dataset consisting of β3 -AR agonists was prepared to build and validate the pharmacophore models. The best model was employed for prospective virtual screening, followed by physicochemical property filtering and a docking evaluation. To confirm the activity of the virtual hits, an in vitro assay was conducted, measuring cAMP levels at the cloned β3 -AR. Out of 35 tested compounds, 4 compounds were active in CHO-K1 cells expressing the human β3 -AR, and 8 compounds were active in CHO-K1 cells expressing the mouse β3 -AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navista Sri Octa Ujiantari
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical ChemistryUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruck6020Austria
- Faculty of PharmacyUniversitas Gadjah MadaYogyakarta55281Indonesia
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg5020Austria
| | - Seungmin Ham
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityVictoria3052Australia
| | - Chisae Nagiri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyo113-0033Japan
| | - Wataru Shihoya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyo113-0033Japan
| | - Osamu Nureki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyo113-0033Japan
| | - Dana Sabine Hutchinson
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityVictoria3052Australia
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical ChemistryUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruck6020Austria
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg5020Austria
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23
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Huang R, Tamalunas A, Waidelich R, Strittmatter F, Stief CG, Hennenberg M. Antagonism of α 1-adrenoceptors by β 3-adrenergic agonists: Structure-function relations of different agonists in prostate smooth muscle contraction. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115148. [PMID: 35716783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Effects of β3-adrenergic agonists on prostate smooth muscle contraction are poorly characterized, although mirabegron is used for treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms. Off-target effects of several β3-adrenergic agonists include antagonism of α1-adrenoceptors. Proposed, but unconfirmed explanations include phenylethanolamine backbones, found in some β3-adrenergic agonists and imparting interaction with catecholamine binding pockets of adrenoceptors. Here, we examined effects of β3-adrenergic agonists on contractions of human prostate tissues, including ZD7114 (without phenylethanolamine moiety), ZD2079 (phenylethanolamine backbone), BRL37344 and CL316243 (chloride-substituted phenylethanolamine deriatives). Prostate tissues were obtained from radical prostatectomy. Contractions by α1-adrenergic agonists and electric field stimulation (EFS) were studied in an organ bath. ZD7114 (10 µM) right-shifted concentration responses curves for α1-adrenergic agonists, resulting in increased EC50 values for phenylephrine, methoxamine and noradrenaline up to one magnitude, without affecting Emax values. ZD7114 (10 µM) inhibited EFS-induced contractions, resulting in reduced Emax values. All effects of ZD7114 were resistant to the β3-adrenergic antagonist L-748337, including increases in EC50 values for α1-adrenergic agonists, up to more than two magnitudes. Using 10 µM, neither ZD2079, BRL37344 or CL316243 affected α1-adrenergic or EFS-induced contractions. At escalated concentrations, BRL37344 (200 µM) right-shifted concentration response curves for phenylephrine, increased EC50 values for phenylephrine, and inhibited EFS-induced contractions, while CL316243 (300 µM) did not affect phenylephrine- or EFS-induced contractions. In conclusion, phenylethanolamine backbones are not decisive to impart α1-adrenoceptor antagonism to β3-agonists. Effects of β3-adrenergic agonists on prostate smooth muscle contraction are limited to off-target effects, including α1-adrenoceptor antagonism by ZD7114 and BRL37344.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Huang
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Tamalunas
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Raphaela Waidelich
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Strittmatter
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christan G Stief
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Hennenberg
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
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24
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Angelidi AM, Belanger MJ, Kokkinos A, Koliaki CC, Mantzoros CS. Novel Noninvasive Approaches to the Treatment of Obesity: From Pharmacotherapy to Gene Therapy. Endocr Rev 2022; 43:507-557. [PMID: 35552683 PMCID: PMC9113190 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent insights into the pathophysiologic underlying mechanisms of obesity have led to the discovery of several promising drug targets and novel therapeutic strategies to address the global obesity epidemic and its comorbidities. Current pharmacologic options for obesity management are largely limited in number and of modest efficacy/safety profile. Therefore, the need for safe and more efficacious new agents is urgent. Drugs that are currently under investigation modulate targets across a broad range of systems and tissues, including the central nervous system, gastrointestinal hormones, adipose tissue, kidney, liver, and skeletal muscle. Beyond pharmacotherapeutics, other potential antiobesity strategies are being explored, including novel drug delivery systems, vaccines, modulation of the gut microbiome, and gene therapy. The present review summarizes the pathophysiology of energy homeostasis and highlights pathways being explored in the effort to develop novel antiobesity medications and interventions but does not cover devices and bariatric methods. Emerging pharmacologic agents and alternative approaches targeting these pathways and relevant research in both animals and humans are presented in detail. Special emphasis is given to treatment options at the end of the development pipeline and closer to the clinic (ie, compounds that have a higher chance to be added to our therapeutic armamentarium in the near future). Ultimately, advancements in our understanding of the pathophysiology and interindividual variation of obesity may lead to multimodal and personalized approaches to obesity treatment that will result in safe, effective, and sustainable weight loss until the root causes of the problem are identified and addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki M Angelidi
- Section of Endocrinology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew J Belanger
- Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexander Kokkinos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysi C Koliaki
- First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Section of Endocrinology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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25
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Huang R, Tamalunas A, Waidelich R, Strittmatter F, Stief CG, Hennenberg M. Inhibition of Full Smooth Muscle Contraction in Isolated Human Detrusor Tissues by Mirabegron Is Limited to Off-Target Inhibition of Neurogenic Contractions. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2022; 381:176-187. [PMID: 35153197 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.001029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2025] Open
Abstract
Mirabegron is used for treatment of storage symptoms in overactive bladder (OAB) caused by spontaneous bladder smooth muscle contractions. However, owing to limitations in available studies using human tissues, central questions are still unresolved, including mechanisms underlying improvements by mirabegron and its anticontractile effects in the detrusor. Here, we assessed concentration-dependent mirabegron effects on contractions of human detrusor tissues in frequency-response curves and concentration-response curves for different cholinergic and noncholinergic agonists. Detrusor tissues were sampled from patients undergoing radical cystectomy. Contractions were induced by electric field stimulation (EFS) and by cumulative concentrations of cholinergic agonists, endothelin-1, and the thromboxane A2 analog U46619. EFS-induced contractions were inhibited using 10 µM mirabegron, but not using 1 µM. Inhibition by 10 µM mirabegron was resistant to the β 3-adrenergic antagonist L-748,337. Concentration-dependent contractions by carbachol were not inhibited by 1 µM or 10 µM mirabegron. Concentration-response curves for methacholine were slightly right-shifted by 10 µM, but not 1 µM mirabegron. Concentration-dependent contractions by endothelin-1 or U46619 were not changed by mirabegron. In contrast, the muscarinic antagonist tolterodine right-shifted concentration-response curves for carbachol and methacholine and inhibited EFS-induced contractions. In conclusion, inhibition of neurogenic contractions in isolated detrusor tissues by mirabegron requires concentrations highly exceeding known plasma levels during standard dosing and the known binding constant (Ki values) for β 3-adrenoceptors. Full contractions by cholinergic agonists, endothelin-1, and U46619 are not affected by therapeutic concentrations of mirabegron. Improvements of storage symptoms are most likely not imparted by inhibition of β 3-adrenoceptors in the bladder wall itself. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Mirabegron is used for overactive bladder (OAB) treatment, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear, and preclinical and clinical findings are controversial due to limitations in available studies. Our findings suggest that inhibition of detrusor contractions by mirabegron is limited to neurogenic contractions, which requires unphysiologic concentrations and does not involve β 3-adrenoceptors. Mechanisms accounting for improvements of OAB by mirabegron are located outside the urinary bladder.
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MESH Headings
- 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid/metabolism
- 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid/pharmacology
- 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid/therapeutic use
- Acetanilides
- Carbachol/pharmacology
- Endothelin-1/pharmacology
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Methacholine Chloride/metabolism
- Methacholine Chloride/pharmacology
- Methacholine Chloride/therapeutic use
- Muscle Contraction
- Muscle, Smooth
- Receptors, Adrenergic/metabolism
- Thiazoles
- Urinary Bladder, Overactive/drug therapy
- Urinary Bladder, Overactive/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Huang
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Christian G Stief
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Hennenberg
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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26
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Effects of chronic mirabegron treatment on metabolic and cardiovascular parameters as well as on atherosclerotic lesions of WHHL rabbits with high-fructose high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 921:174870. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Zan P, Than A, Zhang W, Cai HX, Zhao W, Chen P. Transdermal Photothermal-Pharmacotherapy to Remodel Adipose Tissue for Obesity and Metabolic Disorders. ACS NANO 2022; 16:1813-1825. [PMID: 34979079 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite the increasing prevalence of obesity, the current medications, which act indirectly on the central nervous system to suppress appetite or on the gastrointestinal tract to inhibit fat absorption, suffer from poor effectiveness and side effects. Here, we developed a transdermal mild photothermal therapy directly acting on the root of evil (subcutaneous white adipose depot) to induce its ameliorating remodeling (browning, lipolysis, and apoptosis), based on the injectable thermoresponsive hydrogel encapsulated with copper sulfide nanodots. Further, combining pharmaceutical therapy with codelivery of mirabegron leads to a strong therapeutic synergy. This method not only ensures high effectiveness and low side effects due to localized and targeted application but also remotely creates significant improvements in systemic metabolism. Specifically, as compared to the untreated group, it totally inhibits obesity development in high-fat-diet fed mice (15% less in body weight) with decreased masses of both subcutaneous (40%) and visceral fats (54%), reduced serum levels of cholesterol (54%)/triglyceride (18%)/insulin (74%)/glucose (45%), and improved insulin sensitivity (65% less in insulin resistance index). This self-administrable method is amenable for long-term home-based treatment. Finally, multiple interconnected signaling pathways are revealed, providing mechanistic insights to develop effective strategies to combat obesity and associated metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637457, Singapore
| | - Aung Than
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637457, Singapore
| | - Weiqing Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637457, Singapore
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Helen Xinyi Cai
- University of Cambridge, The Old Schools, Trinity Ln, Cambridge CB2 1TN, United Kingdom
| | - Wenting Zhao
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637457, Singapore
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637457, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 636921, Singapore
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, 308232, Singapore
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28
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Investigation of the Antiremodeling Effects of Losartan, Mirabegron and Their Combination on the Development of Doxorubicin-Induced Chronic Cardiotoxicity in a Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042201. [PMID: 35216317 PMCID: PMC8877618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the effectiveness of doxorubicin (DOXO) as a chemotherapeutic agent, dose-dependent development of chronic cardiotoxicity limits its application. The angiotensin-II receptor blocker losartan is commonly used to treat cardiac remodeling of various etiologies. The beta-3 adrenergic receptor agonist mirabegron was reported to improve chronic heart failure. Here we investigated the effects of losartan, mirabegron and their combination on the development of DOXO-induced chronic cardiotoxicity. Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: (i) control; (ii) DOXO-only; (iii) losartan-treated DOXO; (iv) mirabegron-treated DOXO; (v) losartan plus mirabegron-treated DOXO groups. The treatments started 5 weeks after DOXO administration. At week 8, echocardiography was performed. At week 9, left ventricles were prepared for histology, qRT-PCR, and Western blot measurements. Losartan improved diastolic but not systolic dysfunction and ameliorated SERCA2a repression in our DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity model. The DOXO-induced overexpression of Il1 and Il6 was markedly decreased by losartan and mirabegron. Mirabegron and the combination treatment improved systolic and diastolic dysfunction and significantly decreased overexpression of Smad2 and Smad3 in our DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity model. Only mirabegron reduced DOXO-induced cardiac fibrosis significantly. Mirabegron and its combination with losartan seem to be promising therapeutic tools against DOXO-induced chronic cardiotoxicity.
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29
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Aoki K, Momose H, Gotoh D, Morizawa Y, Hori S, Nakai Y, Miyake M, Anai S, Torimoto K, Tanaka N, Yoneda T, Matsumoto Y, Fujimoto K. Video-urodynamic effects of vibegron, a new selective β3-adrenoceptor agonist, on antimuscarinic-resistant neurogenic bladder dysfunction in patients with spina bifida. Int J Urol 2022; 29:76-81. [PMID: 34608669 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of vibegron for the treatment of antimuscarinic-resistant neurogenic bladder dysfunction in patients with spina bifida. METHODS In this retrospective study, 15 patients with antimuscarinic-resistant neurogenic bladder dysfunction due to spina bifida underwent a video-urodynamic study before and during the administration of vibegron 50 mg once daily instead of antimuscarinic agents from February 2019 through April 2021. The video-urodynamic study was carried out to evaluate bladder compliance, maximum cystometric bladder capacity, detrusor overactivity, detrusor leak point pressure and vesicoureteral reflux before and >3 months after the beginning of vibegron administration. RESULTS Treatment with vibegron significantly improved bladder compliance and maximum cystometric bladder capacity compared with antimuscarinic agents, respectively (7.4 ± 4.2 vs 30.4 ± 48.2 mL/cmH2 O, P = 0.0001; 231.4 ± 81.2 vs 325.2 ± 106.5 mL, P = 0.0005). Detrusor overactivity did not change after the administration of vibegron. Bladder deformity, which was confirmed in 12 patients, improved in half of the patients after taking vibegron. Vesicoureteral reflux, which was confirmed in two patients, was extinguished after taking vibegron. Newly occurring adverse events were not observed, and all patients continued to take vibegron during the treatment period. CONCLUSIONS Favorable efficacy of vibegron for antimuscarinic-resistant neurogenic bladder dysfunction due to spina bifida was shown video-urodynamically without apparent adverse events. Vibegron is a favorable option for the treatment of antimuscarinic-resistant neurogenic bladder dysfunction in patients with spina bifida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Aoki
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Momose
- Department of Urology, Hirao Hospital, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Daisuke Gotoh
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Japan
| | | | - Shunta Hori
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nakai
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Japan
| | - Makito Miyake
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Japan
| | - Satoshi Anai
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Japan
| | | | | | - Tatsuo Yoneda
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Matsumoto
- Department of Urology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Hoshigaoka Medical Center, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
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30
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Effects of β3-adrenoceptor agonist on acute urinary retention in a rat model. World J Urol 2021; 39:4427-4433. [PMID: 34304275 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-021-03774-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the protective effect of mirabegron on bladder dysfunction in an acute urinary retention rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-six 16-week Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to the mirabegron and normal saline (N/S) groups. Each group of eighteen was divided into sub-groups of 6 for 30 min, 2 h, and 24 h. They were administered mirabegron (10 mg/kg) and N/S daily for 4 weeks, respectively. Mirabegron and N/S groups were divided into sub-groups of 6 rats for 30 min, 2 h, and 24 h. The changes in bladder blood flow were measured using laser Doppler (moorVMS-LDF2). Histopathological examination of the bladder and nitric oxide (NO) measurement were performed. RESULT During the urinary retention phase in the mirabegron group, it showed higher and rapider recovery of blood flow; the lowest at 19.5% ± 3.68% at 3 min, a significant recovery from the lowest value as 23.7 ± 3.4% at 10 min, than that in the N/S group; 15.1 ± 1.84% at 5 min, 23.7 ± 3.4% at 20 min, respectively (P < 0.05). At 30 min, 120 min, and 24 h after reperfusion, the recovery of blood flow in the mirabegron group was significantly higher than that in the N/S group (mirabegron: 41.1 ± 1.7%, 59.9 ± 7.2%, and 89.7 ± 4.4%, N/S: 31.3 ± 2.1%, 47.3 ± 4.5%, 83.9 ± 3.6%, respectively (P < 0.05)). NO levels tended to be higher in the mirabegron group; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Histological examination revealed that the mirabegron group showed recovery close to normal tissue after 24 h. CONCLUSIONS In an acute urinary retention rat model, mirabegron maintained and restored higher bladder blood flow, resulting in protective and recovery effect after acute urinary retention.
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Huang R, Liu Y, Ciotkowska A, Tamalunas A, Waidelich R, Strittmatter F, Stief CG, Hennenberg M. Concentration-dependent alpha 1-Adrenoceptor Antagonism and Inhibition of Neurogenic Smooth Muscle Contraction by Mirabegron in the Human Prostate. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:666047. [PMID: 34248624 PMCID: PMC8264149 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.666047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Mirabegron is available for treatment of storage symptoms in overactive bladder, which may be improved by β3-adrenoceptor-induced bladder smooth muscle relaxation. In addition to storage symptoms, lower urinary tract symptoms in men include obstructive symptoms attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia, caused by increased prostate smooth muscle tone and prostate enlargement. In contrast to the bladder and storage symptoms, effects of mirabegron on prostate smooth muscle contraction and obstructive symptoms are poorly understood. Evidence from non-human smooth muscle suggested antagonism of α1-adrenoceptors as an important off-target effect of mirabegron. As α1-adrenergic contraction is crucial in pathophysiology and medical treatment of obstructive symptoms, we here examined effects of mirabegron on contractions of human prostate tissues and on proliferation of prostate stromal cells. Methods: Contractions were induced in an organ bath. Effects of mirabegron on proliferation, viability, and cAMP levels in cultured stromal cells were examined by EdU assays, CCK-8 assays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Mirabegron in concentrations of 5 and 10 μM, but not 1 µM inhibited electric field stimulation-induced contractions of human prostate tissues. Mirabegron in concentrations of 5 and 10 µM shifted concentration response curves for noradrenaline-, methoxamine- and phenylephrine-induced contractions to the right, including recovery of contractions at high concentrations of α1-adrenergic agonists, increased EC50 values, but unchanged Emax values. Rightshifts of noradrenaline concentration response curves and inhibition of EFS-induced contractions were resistant to L-748,337, l-NAME, and BPIPP. 1 µM mirabegron was without effect on α1-adrenergic contractions. Endothelin-1- and U46619-induced contractions were not affected or only inhibited to neglectable extent. Effects of mirabegron (0.5–10 µM) on proliferation and viability of stromal cells were neglectable or small, reaching maximum decreases of 8% in proliferation assays and 17% in viability assays. Mirabegron did not induce detectable increases of cAMP levels in cultured stromal cells. Conclusion: Mirabegron inhibits neurogenic and α1-adrenergic human prostate smooth muscle contractions. This inhibition may be based on antagonism of α1-adrenoceptors by mirabegron, and does not include activation of β3-adrenoceptors and requires concentrations ranging 50-100fold higher than plasma concentrations reported from normal dosing. Non-adrenergic contractions and proliferation of prostate stromal cells are not inhibited by mirabegron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Huang
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yuhan Liu
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Ciotkowska
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Christian G Stief
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Hennenberg
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Mirabegron Ameliorated Atherosclerosis of ApoE -/- Mice in Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia but Not in Normoxia. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2021; 36:805-815. [PMID: 34152510 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-021-07196-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE It has been established that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) activates sympathoadrenal system and upregulates β3 adrenergic receptor (β3 AR). However, the effect of selective β3 AR agonist mirabegron in CIH-induced atherosclerosis remains unknown. METHODS We generated a CIH-induced atherosclerosis model through exposing ApoE-/- mice to CIH (8 h per day, cyclic inspiratory oxygen fraction 5-21%, 60-s cycle) for 6 weeks after 4-week high-fat dieting and investigated the effects of mirabegron, a selective β3 AR agonist, on CIH-induced atherosclerosis. The coronary endarterectomy (CE) specimens from coronary artery disease patients with OSA and without OSA were collected. RESULTS The expression of β3 AR was significantly elevated in CIH-induced atherosclerosis model. Furthermore, treatment with mirabegron (10mg/kg per day by oral administration for 6 weeks) ameliorated atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice in CIH but not in normoxia. Mechanistically, mirabegron activated β3 AR and ameliorated intraplaque oxidative stress by suppressing p22phox expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. In addition, in human CE specimens, β3 AR was also upregulated associated with increased p22phox expression and ROS level both in the lumen and in the plaque of coronary artery in OSA subjects. CONCLUSION This study first demonstrated that mirabegron impeded the progression of CIH-induced atherosclerosis, at least in part, via β3 AR-mediated oxidative stress, suggesting a promising therapeutic strategy for protecting against atherosclerosis induced by CIH.
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Yamada S, Chimoto J, Shiho M, Okura T, Morikawa K, Wakuda H, Shinozuka K. Possible Involvement of Muscarinic Receptor Blockade in Mirabegron Therapy for Patients with Overactive Bladder. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 377:201-206. [PMID: 33658313 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The selective β 3-adrenoceptor agonist mirabegron, an established alternative to antimuscarinic therapy for patients with overactive bladder, induces additional effects against receptors, transporters, and hepatic enzymes. The present study aimed to elucidate the effects of mirabegron on muscarinic receptors in the rat bladder using radioligand binding and functional assays. Mirabegron (0.1-100 μM) inhibited specific [N-methyl-3H]scopolamine methyl chloride binding in the bladder and other tissues of rats in a concentration-dependent manner. Binding affinity in the bladder was similar to that in the heart and significantly higher than those in the submaxillary gland and brain. Mirabegron induced the concentration-dependent relaxation of carbachol-induced contractions in the rat isolated bladder. Further analyses using a two-site model revealed that the relative quantities of high- and low-affinity components for mirabegron were 44.5% and 55.5%, respectively. Respective pEC50 values were 7.06 and 4.97. Based on the receptor binding affinity and pharmacokinetics of mirabegron, muscarinic receptor occupancy in the human bladder for 24 hours after the administration of a single oral dose of 50 mg mirabegron was 37%-76%. The present results demonstrate for the first time that mirabegron may relax the detrusor smooth muscle not only by β 3-adrenoceptor activation but also muscarinic receptor blockade. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Mirabegron, the first selective β 3-adrenoceptor agonist, represents an alternative to antimuscarinic agents for management of overactive bladder (OAB). The present study aimed to clarify whether mirabegron directly binds to muscarinic receptors and affects cholinergic agonist-induced contractions in rat urinary bladder and to predict muscarinic receptor occupancy in human bladder after oral administration of mirabegron. The results demonstrated that mirabegron therapy for patients with OAB may be due not only to β 3-adrenoceptor activation but also muscarinic receptor blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizuo Yamada
- Center for Pharma-Food Research (CPFR), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan (S.Y., J.C.); Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan (M.S., T.O.); and Department of Pharmacology II, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan (K.M., H.W., K.S.)
| | - Junko Chimoto
- Center for Pharma-Food Research (CPFR), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan (S.Y., J.C.); Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan (M.S., T.O.); and Department of Pharmacology II, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan (K.M., H.W., K.S.)
| | - Mizuki Shiho
- Center for Pharma-Food Research (CPFR), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan (S.Y., J.C.); Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan (M.S., T.O.); and Department of Pharmacology II, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan (K.M., H.W., K.S.)
| | - Takashi Okura
- Center for Pharma-Food Research (CPFR), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan (S.Y., J.C.); Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan (M.S., T.O.); and Department of Pharmacology II, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan (K.M., H.W., K.S.)
| | - Kana Morikawa
- Center for Pharma-Food Research (CPFR), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan (S.Y., J.C.); Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan (M.S., T.O.); and Department of Pharmacology II, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan (K.M., H.W., K.S.)
| | - Hirokazu Wakuda
- Center for Pharma-Food Research (CPFR), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan (S.Y., J.C.); Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan (M.S., T.O.); and Department of Pharmacology II, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan (K.M., H.W., K.S.)
| | - Kazumasa Shinozuka
- Center for Pharma-Food Research (CPFR), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan (S.Y., J.C.); Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan (M.S., T.O.); and Department of Pharmacology II, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan (K.M., H.W., K.S.)
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Sager C, Barroso U, Bastos JM, Retamal G, Ormaechea E. Management of neurogenic bladder dysfunction in children update and recommendations on medical treatment. Int Braz J Urol 2021; 48:31-51. [PMID: 33861059 PMCID: PMC8691255 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2020.0989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Defective closure of the neural tube affects different systems and generates sequelae, such as neurogenic bladder (NB). Myelomeningocele (MMC) represents the most frequent and most severe cause of NB in children. Damage of the renal parenchyma in children with NB acquired in postnatal stages is preventable given adequate evaluation, follow-up and proactive management. The aim of this document is to update issues on medical management of neurogenic bladder in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five Pediatric Urologists joined a group of experts and reviewed all important issues on "Spina Bifida, Neurogenic Bladder in Children" and elaborated a draft of the document. All the members of the group focused on the same system of classification of the levels of evidence (GRADE system) in order to assess the literature and the recommendations. During the year 2020 the panel of experts has met virtually to review, discuss and write a consensus document. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The panel addressed recommendations on up to date choice of diagnosis evaluation and therapies. Clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) should be implemented during the first days of life, and antimuscarinic drugs should be indicated upon results of urodynamic studies. When the patient becomes refractory to first-line therapy, receptor-selective pharmacotherapy is available nowadays, which leads to a reduction in reconstructive procedures, such as augmentation cystoplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Sager
- Service of Urology, National Hospital of Pediatrics Prof. Dr. P. J. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ubirajara Barroso
- Departamento de Urologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brasil.,Escola Bahiana de Medicina (BAHIANA), Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - José Murillo Bastos
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil.,Hospital e Maternidade Therezinha de Jesus da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde de Juiz de Fora (HMTJ-SUPREMA), Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
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Saunders SL, Hutchinson DS, Britton FC, Liu L, Markus I, Sandow SL, Murphy TV. Effect of β 1 /β 2 -adrenoceptor blockade on β 3 -adrenoceptor activity in the rat cremaster muscle artery. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:1789-1804. [PMID: 33506492 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The physiological role of vascular β3 -adrenoceptors is not fully understood. Recent evidence suggests cardiac β3 -adrenoceptors are functionally effective after down-regulation of β1 /β2 -adrenoceptors. The functional interaction between the β3 -adrenoceptor and other β-adrenoceptor subtypes in rat striated muscle arteries was investigated. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Studies were performed in cremaster muscle arteries isolated from male Sprague-Dawley rats. β-adrenoceptor expression was assessed through RT-PCR and immunofluorescence. Functional effects of β3 -adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists and other β-adrenoceptor ligands were measured using pressure myography. KEY RESULTS All three β-adrenoceptor subtypes were present in the endothelium of the cremaster muscle artery. The β3 -adrenoceptor agonists mirabegron and CL 316,243 had no effect on the diameter of pressurized (70 mmHg) cremaster muscle arterioles with myogenic tone, while the β3 -adrenoceptor agonist SR 58611A and the nonselective β-adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline caused concentration-dependent dilation. In the presence of β1/2 -adrenoceptor antagonists nadolol (10 μM), atenolol (1 μM) and ICI 118,551 (0.1 μM) both mirabegron and CL 316,243 were effective in causing vasodilation and the potency of SR 58611A was enhanced, while responses to isoprenaline were inhibited. The β3 -adrenoceptor antagonist L 748,337 (1 μM) inhibited vasodilation caused by β3 -adrenoceptor agonists (in the presence of β1/2 -adrenoceptor blockade), but L 748,337 had no effect on isoprenaline-induced vasodilation. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS All three β-adrenoceptor subtypes were present in the endothelium of the rat cremaster muscle artery, but β3 -adrenoceptor mediated vasodilation was only evident after blockade of β1/2 -adrenoceptors. This suggests constitutive β1/2 -adrenoceptor activity inhibits β3 -adrenoceptor function in the endothelium of skeletal muscle resistance arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Saunders
- Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dana S Hutchinson
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fiona C Britton
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | - Lu Liu
- Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Irit Markus
- Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shaun L Sandow
- Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Biomedical Science, School of Health and Sports Science, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia
| | - Timothy V Murphy
- Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Van Schaik L, Kettle C, Green R, Irving HR, Rathner JA. Effects of Caffeine on Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis and Metabolic Homeostasis: A Review. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:621356. [PMID: 33613184 PMCID: PMC7889509 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.621356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolism on understanding energy balance in humans is a relatively new and exciting field of research. The pathogenesis of obesity can be largely explained by an imbalance between caloric intake and energy expenditure, but the underlying mechanisms are far more complex. Traditional non-selective sympathetic activators have been used to artificially elevate energy utilization, or suppress appetite, however undesirable side effects are apparent with the use of these pharmacological interventions. Understanding the role of BAT, in relation to human energy homeostasis has the potential to dramatically offset the energy imbalance associated with obesity. This review discusses paradoxical effects of caffeine on peripheral adenosine receptors and the possible role of adenosine in increasing metabolism is highlighted, with consideration to the potential of central rather than peripheral mechanisms for caffeine mediated BAT thermogenesis and energy expenditure. Research on the complex physiology of adipose tissue, the embryonic lineage and function of the different types of adipocytes is summarized. In addition, the effect of BAT on overall human metabolism and the extent of the associated increase in energy expenditure are discussed. The controversy surrounding the primary β-adrenoceptor involved in human BAT activation is examined, and suggestions as to the lack of translational findings from animal to human physiology and human in vitro to in vivo models are provided. This review compares and distinguishes human and rodent BAT effects, thus developing an understanding of human BAT thermogenesis to aid lifestyle interventions targeting obesity and metabolic syndrome. The focus of this review is on the effect of BAT thermogenesis on overall metabolism, and the potential therapeutic effects of caffeine in increasing metabolism via its effects on BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lachlan Van Schaik
- Department of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
| | - Christine Kettle
- Department of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
| | - Rodney Green
- Department of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen R. Irving
- Department of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
| | - Joseph A. Rathner
- Department of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Mandpe P, Prabhakar B, Shende P. Potential of Mirabegron and its Extended-release Formulations for the Treatment of Overactive Bladder Syndrome. Curr Drug Metab 2021; 21:79-88. [PMID: 32334500 DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666200425211139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overactive bladder syndrome is a broadly occurring urological disorder with a distressing impact on the quality of life. The commonly used antimuscarinic drugs show poor patient compliance because of unsatisfactory potency, tolerability and high occurrence of adverse effects such as dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, dizziness etc. Mirabegron is the first approved β3-adrenoreceptor agonist, used as mono or in combination therapies for overactive bladder syndrome. OBJECTIVE The present review provides an insight into the mechanism, pharmacokinetics, toxicokinetics, clinical trials and the development of various conventional and modified-release dosage forms of mirabegron for the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome. RESULTS The clinical trials of phase II and phase III of mirabegron demonstrated symptomatic relief from the overactive bladder without disturbing the micturition cycle. To date, mirabegron showed promising results for safety, tolerability and efficacy in patients with overactive bladder syndrome. The modified-release tablet dosage form of mirabegron appear to be a proficient and suitable replacement for antimuscarinics and revealed the tremendous potential to overcome the adverse effects of conventional antimuscarinic drugs like Oxybutyline chloride ER, Detrol LA, VESIcare, etc. Conclusion: Mirabegron shows a distinct mode of action, i.e., targeting β3-adrenoreceptors and improving bladder storage without altering void contractions. The limited side effects, high safety, efficacy and tolerability of mirabegron present an adequate substitute to antimuscarinics. However, long-term analysis and clinical studies are prerequisites for assessing the safety, tolerability and efficacy profile of mirabegron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Mandpe
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Bala Prabhakar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Pravin Shende
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
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Sager C, Sanmartino M, Burek C, Gomez YR, Vazquez Patiño M, Weller S, Ruiz J, Lopez Imizcoz F, Tessi C, Szklarz T, Corbetta JP. Efficacy and safety of Mirabegron as adjuvant treatment in children with refractory neurogenic bladder dysfunction. J Pediatr Urol 2020; 16:655.e1-655.e6. [PMID: 32800710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION When patients with neurogenic bladder become refractory, there are different alternatives, such as the use of β3-adreceptor agonists. The aim of the present study is to evaluate efficacy and safety of Mirabegron as adjuvant treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS 37 patients under 18 years of age who underwent Mirabegron were retrospectively studied. The inclusion criteria were: cases with neurogenic bladder who were under clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) programs and refractory to oral oxybutynin (Group A) and/or onabotulinumtoxinA (Group B). Once refractory neurogenic bladder was confirmed by clinical and/or urodynamic studies, Mirabegron 25 mg/day was indicated and evaluation was performed in the third month without stopping therapy. Systolic/diastolic blood pressure and transaminases were monitored. Paired t test and Pearson's chi - squared test were used. RESULTS Maximum cystometric capacity increased significantly by 125 mL, from 322 to 446 ml (p < 0.0001). End-filling detrusor pressure decreased significantly by 12 cm H2O, from 44 to 31 cm H2O (p < 0.0001). The variation in both parameters was significant in Groups A and B. The presence of detrusor overactivity increased globally from 21 to 32% after starting Mirabegron, but the intensity of contractions was reduced in 20 cm H2O. Of the 18 patients who were incontinent before, 13 cases (72%) remained dry after initiating therapy with Mirabegron. None of the patients stated having suffered any adverse effects. Blood pressure and transaminases showed no significant difference. None of the patients discontinued treatment due to intolerance to Mirabegron (Summary Table). DISCUSSION In our study the treatment with Mirabegron improved significantly the clinical and urodynamic parameters. A significant increase in bladder capacity and a significant decrease in end-filling detrusor pressure were observed in both groups. The intensity of overactivity was attenuated. According to the records of the voiding diary, over 70% of the incontinent patients became dry after the administration of Mirabegron. We did not observe any adverse effects. The most important limitations of the present study are its retrospective design, the small size of the sample population and of each group, and the use of only one dose of Mirabegron. CONCLUSIONS Mirabegron as adjuvant treatment in children with refractory neurogenic bladder increased bladder capacity, reduced intravesical pressure and helped achieve continence in more than two thirds of the sample population. Mirabegron was safe and well tolerated by children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Sager
- Urology Department, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Marianela Sanmartino
- Urology Department, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carol Burek
- Urology Department, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Yesica Ruth Gomez
- Urology Department, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Vazquez Patiño
- Urology Department, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Santiago Weller
- Urology Department, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier Ruiz
- Urology Department, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Felicitas Lopez Imizcoz
- Urology Department, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Catalina Tessi
- Urology Department, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tatiana Szklarz
- Urology Department, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Pablo Corbetta
- Urology Department, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Dehvari N, Sato M, Bokhari MH, Kalinovich A, Ham S, Gao J, Nguyen HTM, Whiting L, Mukaida S, Merlin J, Chia LY, Wootten D, Summers RJ, Evans BA, Bengtsson T, Hutchinson DS. The metabolic effects of mirabegron are mediated primarily by β 3 -adrenoceptors. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2020; 8:e00643. [PMID: 32813332 PMCID: PMC7437350 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The β3 -adrenoceptor agonist mirabegron is approved for use for overactive bladder and has been purported to be useful in the treatment of obesity-related metabolic diseases in humans, including those involving disturbances of glucose homeostasis. We investigated the effect of mirabegron on glucose homeostasis with in vitro and in vivo models, focusing on its selectivity at β-adrenoceptors, ability to cause browning of white adipocytes, and the role of UCP1 in glucose homeostasis. In mouse brown, white, and brite adipocytes, mirabegron-mediated effects were examined on cyclic AMP, UCP1 mRNA, [3 H]-2-deoxyglucose uptake, cellular glycolysis, and O2 consumption. Mirabegron increased cyclic AMP levels, UCP1 mRNA content, glucose uptake, and cellular glycolysis in brown adipocytes, and these effects were either absent or reduced in white adipocytes. In brite adipocytes, mirabegron increased cyclic AMP levels and UCP1 mRNA content resulting in increased UCP1-mediated oxygen consumption, glucose uptake, and cellular glycolysis. The metabolic effects of mirabegron in both brown and brite adipocytes were primarily due to actions at β3 -adrenoceptors as they were largely absent in adipocytes derived from β3 -adrenoceptor knockout mice. In vivo, mirabegron increased whole body oxygen consumption, glucose uptake into brown and inguinal white adipose tissue, and improved glucose tolerance, all effects that required the presence of the β3 -adrenoceptor. Furthermore, in UCP1 knockout mice, the effects of mirabegron on glucose tolerance were attenuated. Thus, mirabegron had effects on cellular metabolism in adipocytes that improved glucose handling in vivo, and were primarily due to actions at the β3 -adrenoceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nodi Dehvari
- Department of Molecular BiosciencesThe Wenner‐Gren InstituteStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Masaaki Sato
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Muhammad Hamza Bokhari
- Department of Molecular BiosciencesThe Wenner‐Gren InstituteStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Anastasia Kalinovich
- Department of Molecular BiosciencesThe Wenner‐Gren InstituteStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Seungmin Ham
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Jie Gao
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Huong T. M. Nguyen
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Lynda Whiting
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Saori Mukaida
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Jon Merlin
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Ling Yeong Chia
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Denise Wootten
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Roger J. Summers
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Bronwyn A. Evans
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Tore Bengtsson
- Department of Molecular BiosciencesThe Wenner‐Gren InstituteStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Dana S. Hutchinson
- Drug Discovery BiologyMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVic.Australia
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Cognitive Function and Urologic Medications for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms. Int Neurourol J 2020; 24:231-240. [PMID: 33017894 PMCID: PMC7538292 DOI: 10.5213/inj.2040082.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Special considerations should be made when selecting medications for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in older patients especially those over 65 years old. This review summarizes the relationship between current treatments for LUTS and cognitive impairment. Although the recently reported association between dementia and tamsulosin is debatable, the effects of α-blockers and pharmacokinetics are not reported in this context. Five-alpha reductase inhibitors appear to affect mood. However, the association between the development of dementia and cognitive impairment is unlikely. Anticholinergic agents, other than trospium, fesoterodine, and imdafenacin have a relatively high distribution in the central nervous system. In particular, oxybutynin is reported to cause cognitive impairment. Several animal studies on the blood-brain barrier permeability of oxybutynin support this. Therefore, care must be taken when they are used in older patients (65 years and older). Beta-3 agonists are an alternative to, or may be used in combination with, anticholinergic drugs for patients with an overactive bladder (OAB). Several phase 2 and 3 clinical studies report high tolerability and efficacy, making them relatively safe for OAB treatment. However, there is a possibility that cognitive function may be affected; thus, long-term study data are required. We have reviewed studies investigating the correlation of urologic medications with cognitive dysfunction and have provided an overview of drug selection, as well as other considerations in older patients (65 years and older) with LUTS. This narrative review has focused primarily on articles indexed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Embase databases. No formal search strategy was used, and no meta-analysis of data was performed.
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Tsilingiris D, Liatis S, Dalamaga M, Kokkinos A. The Fight Against Obesity Escalates: New Drugs on the Horizon and Metabolic Implications. Curr Obes Rep 2020; 9:136-149. [PMID: 32388792 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-020-00378-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW There is currently a steep rise in the global prevalence of obesity. Pharmaceutical therapy is a valuable component of conservative obesity therapy. Herein, medications currently in the phase of preclinical or clinical testing are reviewed, along with an overview of the mechanisms that regulate energy intake and expenditure. In addition, the current and potential future directions of obesity drug therapy are discussed. RECENT FINDINGS Although the current arsenal of obesity pharmacotherapy is limited, a considerable number of agents that exert their actions through a variety of pharmacodynamic targets and mechanisms are in the pipeline. This expansion shapes a potential near future of obesity conservative management, characterized by tailored combined therapeutic regimens, targeting not only weight loss but also improved overall health outcomes. The progress regarding the elucidation of the mechanisms which regulate the bodily energy equilibrium has led to medications which mimic hormonal adaptations that follow bariatric surgery, in the quest for a "Medical bypass." These, combined with agents which could increase energy expenditure, point to a brilliant future in the conservative treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tsilingiris
- First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 Ag. Thoma Street, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavros Liatis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 Ag. Thoma Street, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander Kokkinos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 Ag. Thoma Street, 11527, Athens, Greece.
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Riis-Vestergaard MJ, Richelsen B, Bruun JM, Li W, Hansen JB, Pedersen SB. Beta-1 and Not Beta-3 Adrenergic Receptors May Be the Primary Regulator of Human Brown Adipocyte Metabolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5684994. [PMID: 31867674 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgz298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation in humans has gained interest as a potential target for treatment of obesity and insulin resistance. In rodents, BAT is primarily induced through beta-3 adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) stimulation, whereas the primary beta adrenergic receptors (ADRBs) involved in human BAT activation are debated. We evaluated the importance of different ADRB subtypes for uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) induction in human brown adipocytes. METHODS A human BAT cell model (TERT-hBA) was investigated for subtype-specific ADRB agonists and receptor knockdown on UCP1 mRNA levels and lipolysis (glycerol release). In addition, fresh human BAT biopsies and TERT-hBA were evaluated for expression of ADRB1, ADRB2, and ADRB3 using RT-qPCR. RESULTS The predominant ADRB subtype in TERT-hBA adipocytes and BAT biopsies was ADRB1. In TERT-hBA, UCP1 mRNA expression was stimulated 11.0-fold by dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP), 8.0-fold to 8.4-fold by isoproterenol (ISO; a pan-ADRB agonist), and 6.1-fold to 12.7-fold by dobutamine (ADRB1 agonist), whereas neither procaterol (ADRB2 agonist), CL314.432, or Mirabegron (ADRB3 agonists) affected UCP1. Similarly, dbcAMP, ISO, and dobutamine stimulated glycerol release, whereas lipolysis was unaffected by ADRB2 and ADRB3 agonists. Selective knockdown of ADRB1 significantly attenuated ISO-induced UCP1 expression. CONCLUSION The adrenergic stimulation of UCP1 and lipolysis may mainly be mediated through ADRB1. Moreover, ADRB1 is the predominant ADRB in both TERT-hBA and human BAT biopsies. Thus, UCP1 expression in human BAT may, unlike in rodents, primarily be regulated by ADRB1. These findings may have implications for ADRB agonists as future therapeutic compounds for human BAT activation.
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MESH Headings
- Adipocytes, Brown/cytology
- Adipocytes, Brown/metabolism
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Cells, Cultured
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Lipolysis
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1/metabolism
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3/metabolism
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Ji Riis-Vestergaard
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Bjørn Richelsen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Jens Meldgaard Bruun
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Jacob B Hansen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Steen Bønløkke Pedersen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Hao L, Scott S, Abbasi M, Zu Y, Khan MSH, Yang Y, Wu D, Zhao L, Wang S. Beneficial Metabolic Effects of Mirabegron In Vitro and in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 369:419-427. [PMID: 30940691 PMCID: PMC6530071 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.255778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mirabegron, a β3-adrenergic receptor agonist, has been shown to stimulate the activity of brown fat and increase the resting metabolic rate in humans. However, it is unknown whether mirabegron can reduce body weight and improve metabolic health. We investigated the antiobesity effects of mirabegron using both in vitro and in vivo models. Mouse brown preadipocytes and 3T3-L1 cells were treated with different concentrations of mirabegron (0.03-3 µg/ml), and the expression of brown fat-related genes was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet for 10 weeks, and mirabegron (2 mg/kg body weight) or a vehicle control was delivered to the interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) using ALZET osmotic pumps from week 7 to 10. The metabolic parameters and tissues were analyzed. In both mouse brown preadipocytes and 3T3-L1 cells, mirabegron stimulated uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression. In animal studies, mirabegron-treated mice had a lower body weight and adiposity. Lipid droplets in the iBAT of mirabegron-treated mice were fewer and smaller in size compared with those from vehicle-treated mice. H&E staining and immunohistochemistry indicated that mirabegron increased the abundance of beige cells in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT). Compared with vehicle-treated mice, mirabegron-treated mice had a higher gene expression of UCP1 (14-fold) and cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor alpha-like effector A (CIDEA) (4-fold) in iWAT. Furthermore, mirabegron-treated mice had improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Taken together, mirabegron enhances UCP1 expression and promotes browning of iWAT, which are accompanied by improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity and prevention from high-fat diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hao
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (L.H., S.S., M.A., Y.Z., M.S.H.K., S.W.); Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee (Y.Y., L.Z.); and Nutrition Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts (D.W.)
| | - Sheyenne Scott
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (L.H., S.S., M.A., Y.Z., M.S.H.K., S.W.); Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee (Y.Y., L.Z.); and Nutrition Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts (D.W.)
| | - Mehrnaz Abbasi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (L.H., S.S., M.A., Y.Z., M.S.H.K., S.W.); Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee (Y.Y., L.Z.); and Nutrition Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts (D.W.)
| | - Yujiao Zu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (L.H., S.S., M.A., Y.Z., M.S.H.K., S.W.); Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee (Y.Y., L.Z.); and Nutrition Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts (D.W.)
| | - Md Shahjalal Hossain Khan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (L.H., S.S., M.A., Y.Z., M.S.H.K., S.W.); Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee (Y.Y., L.Z.); and Nutrition Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts (D.W.)
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (L.H., S.S., M.A., Y.Z., M.S.H.K., S.W.); Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee (Y.Y., L.Z.); and Nutrition Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts (D.W.)
| | - Dayong Wu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (L.H., S.S., M.A., Y.Z., M.S.H.K., S.W.); Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee (Y.Y., L.Z.); and Nutrition Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts (D.W.)
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (L.H., S.S., M.A., Y.Z., M.S.H.K., S.W.); Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee (Y.Y., L.Z.); and Nutrition Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts (D.W.)
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (L.H., S.S., M.A., Y.Z., M.S.H.K., S.W.); Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee (Y.Y., L.Z.); and Nutrition Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts (D.W.)
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Evans BA, Merlin J, Bengtsson T, Hutchinson DS. Adrenoceptors in white, brown, and brite adipocytes. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:2416-2432. [PMID: 30801689 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adrenoceptors play an important role in adipose tissue biology and physiology that includes regulating the synthesis and storage of triglycerides (lipogenesis), the breakdown of stored triglycerides (lipolysis), thermogenesis (heat production), glucose metabolism, and the secretion of adipocyte-derived hormones that can control whole-body energy homeostasis. These processes are regulated by the sympathetic nervous system through actions at different adrenoceptor subtypes expressed in adipose tissue depots. In this review, we have highlighted the role of adrenoceptor subtypes in white, brown, and brite adipocytes in both rodents and humans and have included detailed analysis of adrenoceptor expression in human adipose tissue and clonally derived adipocytes. We discuss important considerations when investigating adrenoceptor function in adipose tissue or adipocytes. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Adrenoceptors-New Roles for Old Players. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.14/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn A Evans
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jon Merlin
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tore Bengtsson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dana S Hutchinson
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Okeke K, Angers S, Bouvier M, Michel MC. Agonist-induced desensitisation of β 3 -adrenoceptors: Where, when, and how? Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:2539-2558. [PMID: 30809805 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
β3 -Adrenoceptor agonists have proven useful in the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome, but it is not known whether their efficacy during chronic administration may be limited by receptor-induced desensitisation. Whereas the β2 -adrenoceptor has phosphorylation sites that are important for desensitisation, the β3 -adrenoceptor lacks these; therefore, it had been assumed that β3 -adrenoceptors are largely resistant to agonist-induced desensitisation. While all direct comparative studies demonstrate that β3 -adrenoceptors are less susceptible to desensitisation than β2 -adrenoceptors, desensitisation of β3 -adrenoceptors has been observed in many models and treatment settings. Chimeric β2 - and β3 -adrenoceptors have demonstrated that the C-terminal tail of the receptor plays an important role in the relative resistance to desensitisation but is not the only relevant factor. While the evidence from some models, such as transfected CHO cells, is inconsistent, it appears that desensitisation is observed more often after long-term (hours to days) than short-term (minutes to hours) agonist exposure. When it occurs, desensitisation of β3 -adrenoceptors can involve multiple levels including down-regulation of its mRNA and the receptor protein and alterations in post-receptor signalling events. The relative contributions of these mechanistic factors apparently depend on the cell type under investigation. Which if any of these factors is applicable to the human urinary bladder remains to be determined. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Adrenoceptors-New Roles for Old Players. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.14/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Okeke
- Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephane Angers
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy and Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michel Bouvier
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Martin C Michel
- Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Mukaida S, Sato M, Öberg AI, Dehvari N, Olsen JM, Kocan M, Halls ML, Merlin J, Sandström AL, Csikasz RI, Evans BA, Summers RJ, Hutchinson DS, Bengtsson T. BRL37344 stimulates GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle via β 2-adrenoceptors without causing classical receptor desensitization. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2019; 316:R666-R677. [PMID: 30892909 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00285.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The type 2 diabetes epidemic makes it important to find insulin-independent ways to improve glucose homeostasis. This study examines the mechanisms activated by a dual β2-/β3-adrenoceptor agonist, BRL37344, to increase glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and its effects on glucose homeostasis in vivo. We measured the effect of BRL37344 on glucose uptake, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation, cAMP levels, β2-adrenoceptor desensitization, β-arrestin recruitment, Akt, AMPK, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation using L6 skeletal muscle cells as a model. We further tested the ability of BRL37344 to modulate skeletal muscle glucose metabolism in animal models (glucose tolerance tests and in vivo and ex vivo skeletal muscle glucose uptake). In L6 cells, BRL37344 increased GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake only by activation of β2-adrenoceptors, with a similar potency and efficacy to that of the nonselective β-adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline, despite being a partial agonist with respect to cAMP generation. GLUT4 translocation occurred independently of Akt and AMPK phosphorylation but was dependent on mTORC2. Furthermore, in contrast to isoprenaline, BRL37344 did not promote agonist-mediated desensitization and failed to recruit β-arrestin1/2 to the β2-adrenoceptor. In conclusion, BRL37344 improved glucose tolerance and increased glucose uptake into skeletal muscle in vivo and ex vivo through a β2-adrenoceptor-mediated mechanism independently of Akt. BRL37344 was a partial agonist with respect to cAMP, but a full agonist for glucose uptake, and importantly did not cause classical receptor desensitization or internalization of the receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Mukaida
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria , Australia
| | - Masaaki Sato
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria , Australia
| | - Anette I Öberg
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Nodi Dehvari
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Jessica M Olsen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Martina Kocan
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria , Australia
| | - Michelle Louise Halls
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria , Australia
| | - Jon Merlin
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria , Australia
| | - Anna L Sandström
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Robert I Csikasz
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Bronwyn Anne Evans
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria , Australia
| | - Roger James Summers
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria , Australia.,Department of Pharmacology, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria , Australia
| | - Dana Sabine Hutchinson
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria , Australia.,Department of Pharmacology, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria , Australia
| | - Tore Bengtsson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University , Stockholm , Sweden
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Tanaka M, Chiba K, Okada K, Fujisawa M. Effect of mirabegron on tight junction molecules in primary cultured rat Sertoli cells. Andrologia 2019; 51:e13241. [PMID: 30706522 DOI: 10.1111/and.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mirabegron is a selective beta3-adrenoceptor (β3 -AR) agonist, which is commonly used for the treatment of overactive bladder. This medicine is associated with atrophy of reproductive organs in rats. However, no study has examined the detailed action and mechanism of its toxicity in reproductive cells. In this study, we examined the effect of mirabegron on primary cultured rat Sertoli cells. Firstly, RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry revealed that β3 -AR was present in rat Sertoli cells. Then, primary cultured rat Sertoli cells were treated with mirabegron. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that mirabegron treatment induced a significant increase in claudin-11 mRNA, which is crucial for spermatogenesis. Western blot analysis also showed that mirabegron treatment significantly activated p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). After additional treatment with U0126, a specific noncompetitive inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK), the upregulation of claudin-11 mRNA induced by mirabegron was reduced. At the same time, immunocytochemistry showed mirabegron treatment disturbed claudin-11 localisation to tight junction, which was recovered when treated with mirabegron in the presence of U0126. These results suggest that mirabegron treatment is associated with assembly of the blood-testis barrier through p44/42 MAPK pathway. These findings could explain one of the underlying mechanisms of reproductive toxicity induced by mirabegron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikito Tanaka
- Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Koji Chiba
- Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Keisuke Okada
- Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masato Fujisawa
- Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Yoshida M, Takeda M, Gotoh M, Yokoyama O, Kakizaki H, Takahashi S, Masumori N, Nagai S, Hashimoto K, Minemura K. Efficacy of novel β 3 -adrenoreceptor agonist vibegron on nocturia in patients with overactive bladder: A post-hoc analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study. Int J Urol 2018; 26:369-375. [PMID: 30557916 PMCID: PMC6912249 DOI: 10.1111/iju.13877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the efficacy of vibegron on nocturia in patients with overactive bladder. Methods Among the Japanese overactive bladder patients enrolled in the placebo‐controlled, multicenter, randomized, double‐blind phase 3 study of vibegron, a total of 669 patients with nocturia (≥1 nocturnal void) were included. Changes from baseline in micturition parameters were compared for vibegron treatment (50 and 100 mg/day) versus placebo. Correlations of hours of undisturbed sleep with the frequency of nocturnal voiding and the volume of the first nocturnal voiding were examined. Demographics and baseline characteristics contributing to reduction in the frequency of nocturnal voiding were also analyzed. Results At week 12, the frequency of nocturnal voiding was reduced from baseline by 0.74 and 0.78, respectively, for the vibegron 50 and 100 mg groups; the reductions were significant when compared with the placebo group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). The mean volume of nocturnal voids and the volume of the first nocturnal voiding were significantly greater in the vibegron groups than in the placebo group. The vibegron groups showed significant correlations of hours of undisturbed sleep with the changes in the frequency of nocturnal voiding and in the volume of the first nocturnal voiding. Vibegron treatment, no previous treatment with anticholinergics, ≥12 voids per day and hours of undisturbed sleep <180 min significantly contributed to a reduction in the frequency of nocturnal voiding. Conclusions Vibegron is a useful therapeutic option for improving nocturia in patients with overactive bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Yoshida
- Department of Urology, National Centre for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takeda
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Momokazu Gotoh
- Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Osamu Yokoyama
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medical Science, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Kakizaki
- Department of Renal and Urologic Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Masumori
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Abstract
LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Molecular Pharmacology of GPCRs. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.21/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Langmead
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Roger J Summers
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
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Soler-Vázquez MC, Mera P, Zagmutt S, Serra D, Herrero L. New approaches targeting brown adipose tissue transplantation as a therapy in obesity. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 155:346-355. [PMID: 30030977 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is raising high expectations as a potential target in the fight against metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. BAT utilizes fuels such as fatty acids to maintain body temperature by uncoupling mitochondrial electron transport to produce heat instead of ATP. This process is called thermogenesis. BAT was considered to be exclusive to rodents and human neonates. However, in the last decade several studies have demonstrated that BAT is not only present but also active in adult humans and that its activity is reduced in several pathological conditions, such as aging, obesity, and diabetes. Thus, tremendous efforts are being made by the scientific community to enhance either BAT mass or activity. Several activators of thermogenesis have been described, such as natriuretic peptides, bone morphogenic proteins, or fibroblast growth factor 21. Furthermore, recent studies have tested a therapeutic approach to directly increase BAT mass by the implantation of either adipocytes or fat tissue. This approach might have an important future in regenerative medicine and in the fight against metabolic disorders. Here, we review the emerging field of BAT transplantation including the various sources of mesenchymal stem cell isolation in rodents and humans and the described metabolic outcomes of adipocyte cell transplantation and BAT transplantation in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carmen Soler-Vázquez
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Mera
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastián Zagmutt
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolors Serra
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Herrero
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
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