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Li F, Deng H, Hu Z, Chen Z, Zhang H, He J, Wang X, Liu Y. Immunohistochemical-Based Molecular Typing of ACRG Combined With Immune-Associated PD-L1 Expression Can Predict the Prognosis of Gastric Cancer. Cancer Med 2025; 14:e70863. [PMID: 40202155 PMCID: PMC11979789 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.70863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2025] [Accepted: 03/30/2025] [Indexed: 04/10/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a molecularly heterogeneous disease with diverse clinical outcomes. Traditional classifications lack predictive accuracy, necessitating alternative molecular subtyping approaches for effective prognosis prediction. The Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG) molecular subtypes, combined with immune-associated PD-L1 expression, offer a promising framework to predict patient outcomes and potentially guide treatment strategies in GC. METHODS This study retrospectively analyzed 1007 primary GC patients who underwent surgical resection between January 2017 and June 2019 at the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University. Comprehensive immunohistochemical and fluorescent PCR-capillary electrophoresis analyses were conducted to determine ACRG molecular subtypes (microsatellite instability [MSI], microsatellite stability with epithelial-mesenchymal transition [MSS/EMT], MSS/TP53+, and MSS/TP53-) and PD-L1 expression. We assessed the relationship between these classifications and various clinicopathological parameters, including survival outcomes, using Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS The ACRG subtypes showed significant associations with clinicopathological features, including tumor invasion depth, Lauren classification, and HER2 status. The MSI subtype (6.7% of cases) was associated with higher PD-L1 positivity and a favorable prognosis, whereas the EMT subtype had the lowest 5-year survival rate (34.55%) and was predominantly linked to diffuse-type histology. PD-L1 positivity correlated with worse survival outcomes, with independent predictive value alongside ACRG subtypes (HR for PD-L1 = 1.759, p = 0.001; HR for ACRG = 5.144, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The combination of ACRG molecular subtyping and PD-L1 expression serves as an effective predictor of GC prognosis, facilitating tailored clinical decision-making. The ACRG-PD-L1 classification system offers a practical, cost-effective approach for routine clinical application, providing critical insight into GC heterogeneity. Further multicenter studies are needed to validate these findings and explore the impact of ACRG subtypes on therapy responses, particularly in immunotherapy settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of PathologyThe Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
- Department of Graduate SchoolHebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
| | - Huiyan Deng
- Department of PathologyThe Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
| | - Zeqing Hu
- Department of EmergencyPingxiang General HospitalXingtaiChina
| | - Zihao Chen
- Department of OncologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Huirui Zhang
- Department of PathologyThe Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
| | - Jiankun He
- Department of PathologyThe Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Department of PathologyThe Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
| | - Yueping Liu
- Department of PathologyThe Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
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Shaibu Z, Yang F, Ting L, Dzidula L, Yusuf AE, Chen ZH, Zhu W. Comparative efficacy of programmed death ligand 1 inhibition and chemotherapy in advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer with combined positive score - a meta-analysis. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2024; 28:183-190. [PMID: 39512538 PMCID: PMC11538983 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2024.144107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 11/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer (G/GEJC) poses significant therapeutic challenges. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, particularly targeting programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), have emerged as promising agents to enhance patient outcomes. This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy of PD-L1 inhibitors compared to chemotherapy in patients with advanced G/GEJC characterised by varying combined positive scores (CPS). We systematically searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of science for clinical trial studies comparing PD-L1 inhibitors and chemotherapy in CPS-positive patients, focusing on studies published up to 10 April 2023. Studies were evaluated with risk of bias tools. The primary clinical endpoint analysed in this study was overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). This study is registered with Prospero (CRD42023495607). A total of 10 studies comprising 4522 participants were included. Our analysis revealed no statistically significant difference in CPS values between PD-L1 inhibitors and chemotherapy groups (≥ 1 : 1.03 [95% CI: 0.86-1.24], ≤ 1 : 0.92 [95% CI: 0.77-1.11]). However, the pooled hazard ratio for OS favoured PD-L1 inhibitors (hazard ratios - HR, 0.83, [95% CI: 0.78-0.88] and p < 0.00001), while PFS was better after chemotherapy (HR 1.28, [95% CI: 1.04-1.58], p = 0.02). Program death ligand-1 inhibitors improve OS, while chemotherapy enhances PFS in advanced G/GEJC, warranting further investigation into the impact of CPS on treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakari Shaibu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002 Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fumeng Yang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liu Ting
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lily Dzidula
- Claremont Graduate University, School of Community and Global Health, Claremont, USA
| | - Amina Elmi Yusuf
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Zhi-hong Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002 Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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Yu X, Zhai X, Wu J, Feng Q, Hu C, Zhu L, Zhou Q. Evolving perspectives regarding the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in gastric cancer immunotherapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166881. [PMID: 37696462 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is an increasing global health problem and is one of the leading cancers worldwide. Traditional therapies, such as radiation and chemotherapy, have made limited progress in enhancing their efficacy for advanced GC. The development of immunotherapy for advanced GC has considerably improved with a deeper understanding of the tumor microenvironment. Immunotherapy using checkpoint inhibitors is a new therapeutic option that has made substantial advances in the treatment of other malignancies and is increasingly used in other clinical oncology treatments. Particularly, therapeutic antibodies targeting the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway have been effectively used in the clinical treatment of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have been developed for cancer immunotherapy to enhance T cell function to restore the immune response and represent a breakthrough in the treatment of GC. This review provides an outline of the progress of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy and its expression characteristics and clinical application in advanced GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhe Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center & Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, No. 10 Qinyun Nan Street, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center & Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Wu
- Out-patient Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingbo Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Affiliated Digestive Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenggong Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center & Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qinghua Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center & Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Zou Y, Wang J, Zhang J, Guo Q, Song Z, Tang H. Prognostic value of PD‑L1 expression and CD68 macrophages in tumor nest of patients with primary gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:20. [PMID: 38058467 PMCID: PMC10696633 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The programmed death receptor 1/programmed death receptor ligand 1 axis (PD-1/PD-L1) is involved in tumor immune escape and is a potential prognostic biomarker and anti-tumor immunotherapy target in patients with gastric cancer (GC). However, the results of studies obtained in recent years have been inconsistent. The present study aimed to determine the possible predictive significance of PD-L1 in conjunction with three proteins linked with PD-L1 regulation in patients with primary GC. In the present study, the PD-L1, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), cluster of differentiation (CD)133 and microphage-associated CD68 expression levels were identified by multiplexed immunohistochemistry and assessed by automated pathological analysis system in 93 GC tumors and neighboring normal tissues arrayed on the same tissue microarray. All four proteins were statistically analyzed in relation to the clinicopathological characteristics. The expression levels of HER2, CD133 and CD68 were considerably higher in cancer tissues compared with neighboring normal tissues (P<0.05), however, the reverse trend was detected for PD-L1 expression (P=0.0577), particularly in tumor nest (TN; P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between the HER2 and CD133 expression levels and clinicopathological factors. However, significant relationships were found between PD-L1 expression and the TNM stage, pathological differentiation and survival status of patients (P<0.05). Moreover, survival time was prolonged in individuals with elevated PD-L1 expression in TN and GC tissues, but no significant correlation was identified (P=0.0881). The CD68 expression level in tumor stroma, but not in TN, was significantly correlated with poor pathological differentiation in patients with GC (P<0.05). However, PD-L1+CD68+ macrophages were strongly related to lower tumor size (diameter <5 cm), early TNM stage (stage I+II), good pathological differentiation and overall survival in TN (P<0.05). In conclusion, PD-L1+CD68+ macrophage infiltration in TN might be a potential indicator of prognosis in patients with primary GC and merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlian Zou
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, P.R. China
| | - Jinli Wang
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Jinping Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Zhengji Song
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Hui Tang
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
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Su S. Efficacy and safety of PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric or gastro‑esophageal junction cancer: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:373. [PMID: 37564826 PMCID: PMC10410198 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the efficacy and safety of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor combined with chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone has been analyzed, there have been no in-depth studies on the outcomes of patients with PD-L1 positive advanced gastric or gastro-esophageal junction cancer patients (GC/GEJC). This systematic review and meta-analysis focused on comparing the efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors vs. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy in PD-L1 positive advanced GC/GEJC patients, aiming to provide more precise guidance for the clinical treatment of GC/GEJC. In this meta-analysis, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched from the establishment of the database till June 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in which control patients underwent chemotherapy and experimental group patients underwent PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors or PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy were included in this investigation. Investigations without complete information, studies from which information could not be extracted, duplicate articles, animal studies, review articles, and systematic reviews were excluded. The pooled results suggested that chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy prolonged overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced GC/GEJC, while progression free-survival (PFS) with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors alone or in combination with chemotherapy were all improved compared with chemotherapy alone. However, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors did not significantly increase objective response rates (ORR) in PD-L1-positive patients compared with chemotherapy, but in combination with chemotherapy, they did improve ORR. The pooled results also showed that patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors had higher stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) rates compared to chemotherapy in PD-L1-positive patients. Additionally, in PD-L1-positive patients, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors alone or combined with chemotherapy increased OS compared with chemotherapy alone. However, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors only prolonged PFS compared with chemotherapy alone in patients with a combined positive score (CPS; 100% of cells were required to be positively stained) for PD-L1, but when combined with chemotherapy, OS and PFS were prolonged in all PD-L1-positive patients compared with chemotherapy alone. Finally, the pooled results showed that the incidence of adverse events of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in PD-L1-zpositive patients was significantly lower than that in patients treated with chemotherapy alone. In conclusion, single agent of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor alone or combined with chemotherapy significantly prolongs the survival of patients compared with chemotherapy alone, with fewer adverse effects. However, the degree of CPS may affect efficacy, thus further investigation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Su
- Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
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Akimoto E, Kuwata T, Shitara K, Kawazoe A, Sakamoto N, Ishii G, Ochiai A, Kinoshita T. Impact of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Expression on Mismatch Repair Deficiency and Epstein-Barr Virus Status on Survival Outcomes in Patients with Stage II/III Gastric Cancer After Surgery. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:5227-5236. [PMID: 36934377 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-13266-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic impact of mismatch repair (MMR) status, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status in stage II/III gastric cancer after surgery. METHODS This study included 679 patients diagnosed with pathological stage II/III gastric cancer who underwent curative gastrectomy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) or observation between 2007 and 2015. Clinical outcomes were retrospectively reviewed and compared with stratification by AC and other clinicopathological factors. RESULTS Patients were divided into AC (n = 484) or surgery alone (SA; n = 195) groups and were further stratified by MMR and EBV status: MMR-deficient (DMMR) and MMR-proficient (PMMR) groups. Comparing the AC-DMMR group versus the AC-PMMR group, 5-year overall survival was 92.0% versus 74.0% (log-rank p < 0.01), and comparing the SA-DMMR group versus the SA-PMMR group, 5-year overall survival was 71.1% versus 73.7% (log-rank p = 0.89). DMMR (hazard ratio 0.25, 95% confidence interval 0.07-0.81) was identified as an independent prognostic factor in the AC group but not in the SA group. In the subgroup analysis, PD-L1-negative patients among the EBV-positive patients or in the DMMR group had a poor prognosis in both the AC and SA groups. The prognosis of the PMMR and EBV-negative patients was similar regardless of PD-L1 expression. CONCLUSIONS DMMR was associated with a favorable prognosis in stage II/III gastric cancer after surgery and adjuvant therapy. PD-L1 expression may affect the prognosis of DMMR and EBV-positive gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eigo Akimoto
- Course of Advanced Clinical Research of Cancer, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Gastric Surgery Division, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kuwata
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan.
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Kohei Shitara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akihito Kawazoe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Genichiro Ishii
- Course of Advanced Clinical Research of Cancer, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ochiai
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kinoshita
- Gastric Surgery Division, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
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Wang Y, Pan J, Sun Z. LncRNA NCK1-AS1-mediated regulatory functions in human diseases. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:323-332. [PMID: 36131072 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02948-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Disease development requires the activation of complex multi-factor processes involving numerous long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which describe non-protein-coding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides. Emerging evidence indicates that lncRNAs act as essential regulators that perform pivotal roles in the pathogenesis and progression of human diseases. The mechanisms underlying lncRNA involvement in diverse diseases have been extensively explored, and lncRNAs are considered powerful biomarkers for clinical practice. The lncRNA noncatalytic region of tyrosine kinase adaptor protein 1 (NCK1) antisense 1 (NCK1-AS1), also known as NCK1 divergent transcript (NCK1-DT), is encoded on human chromosome 3q22.3 and produces a 27,274-base-long transcript. NCK1-AS1 has increasingly been characterized as a causative agent for multiple diseases. The abnormal expression and involvement of NCK1-AS1 in various biological processes have been associated with several diseases. Further exploration of the mechanisms through which NCK1-AS1 contributes to disease development and progression will provide a foundation for potential clinical applications of NCK1-AS1 in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. This review summarizes the current understanding of the various functions and mechanisms through which NCK1-AS1 contributes to various diseases and the clinical application prospects for NCK1-AS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zongzong Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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Li Z, Huang H, Wang C, Zhao Z, Ma W, Wang D, Mao H, Liu F, Yang Y, Pan W, Lu Z. DCE-MRI radiomics models predicting the expression of radioresistant-related factors of LRP-1 and survivin in locally advanced rectal cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:881341. [PMID: 36106114 PMCID: PMC9465298 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.881341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1) and survivin are associated with radiotherapy resistance in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). This study aimed to evaluate the value of a radiomics model based on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for the preoperative assessment of LRP-1 and survivin expressions in these patients. Methods One hundred patients with pathologically confirmed LARC who underwent DCE-MRI before surgery between February 2017 and September 2021 were included in this retrospective study. DCE-MRI perfusion histogram parameters were calculated for the entire lesion using post-processing software (Omni Kinetics, G.E. Healthcare, China), with three quantitative parameter maps. LRP-1 and survivin expressions were assessed by immunohistochemical methods and patients were classified into low- and high-expression groups. Results Four radiomics features were selected to construct the LRP-1 discrimination model. The LRP-1 predictive model achieved excellent diagnostic performance, with areas under the receiver operating curve (AUCs) of 0.853 and 0.747 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The other four radiomics characteristics were screened to construct the survivin predictive model, with AUCs of 0.780 and 0.800 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. Decision curve analysis confirmed the clinical usefulness of the radiomics models. Conclusion DCE-MRI radiomics models are particularly useful for evaluating LRP-1 and survivin expressions in patients with LARC. Our model has significant potential for the preoperative identification of patients with radiotherapy resistance and can serve as an essential reference for treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Li
- Department of Radiology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Huizhen Huang
- Shaoxing University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Chuchu Wang
- Shaoxing University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Weili Ma
- Department of Radiology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Haijia Mao
- Department of Radiology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Weihuo Pan
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Zengxin Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
- *Correspondence: Zengxin Lu,
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9
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Fu M, Huang Y, Peng X, Li X, Luo N, Zhu W, Yang F, Chen Z, Ma S, Zhang Y, Li Q, Hu G. Development of Tumor Mutation Burden-Related Prognostic Model and Novel Biomarker Identification in Stomach Adenocarcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:790920. [PMID: 35399509 PMCID: PMC8983817 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.790920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is one of the most common tumors. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) has been linked to immunotherapy response. We wanted to see if there was any link between TMB and cancer prognosis. Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were used to obtain mutation data, gene expression profiles, and clinical data. We looked at the differences in gene expression and immune markers between low and high TMB groups, built an immune prognostic model, and created a dynamic nomograph App that may be used in the clinic. Simultaneously, We ran the immunotherapy prediction and model comparison at the same time. Finally, model gene mutation and copy number variation (CNV) were displayed. The cellular functional experiments were used to investigate the potential role of GLP2R in gastric cancer. Results: Firstly, basic mutation information and differences in immune infiltration in STAD are revealed. Secondly, the prognostic model developed by us has good accuracy, and the corresponding dynamic nomograph Apps online and immunotherapy prediction facilitate clinical transformation. Furthermore, GLP2R knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration of gastric cancer cells in vitro. Conclusion: Our findings imply that TMB plays a significant role in the prognosis of STAD patients from a biological perspective. GLP2R may serve as a potential target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Fu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongbiao Huang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohong Peng
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Na Luo
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjun Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziqi Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengling Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yuanyuan Zhang, ; Qianxia Li, ; Guangyuan Hu,
| | - Qianxia Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yuanyuan Zhang, ; Qianxia Li, ; Guangyuan Hu,
| | - Guangyuan Hu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yuanyuan Zhang, ; Qianxia Li, ; Guangyuan Hu,
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Saleh RR, Scott JL, Meti N, Perlon D, Fazelzad R, Ocana A, Amir E. Prognostic Value of Programmed Death Ligand-1 Expression in Solid Tumors Irrespective of Immunotherapy Exposure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Mol Diagn Ther 2022; 26:153-168. [PMID: 35106739 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-022-00576-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) pathway, which plays a crucial role in cancer immune surveillance, is the target of several approved immunotherapeutic agents and is used as a predictive biomarker in some solid tumors. However, its use as a prognostic marker (i.e., regardless of therapy used) is not established clearly with available data demonstrating inconsistent prognostic impact of PD-L1 expression in solid tumors. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search of electronic databases and identified publications exploring the effect of PD-L1 expression on overall survival and/or disease-free survival. Hazard ratios were pooled in a meta-analysis using generic inverse-variance and random-effects modeling. We used the Deeks method to explore subgroup differences based on disease site, stage of disease, and method of PD-L1 quantification. RESULTS One hundred and eighty-six studies met the inclusion criteria. Programmed cell death ligand-1 expression was associated with worse overall survival (hazard ratio 1.33, 95% confidence interval 1.26-1.39; p < 0.001). There was significant heterogeneity between disease sites (subgroup p = 0.002) with pancreatic, hepatocellular, and genitourinary cancers associated with the highest magnitude of adverse outcomes. Programmed cell death ligand-1 was also associated with worse overall disease-free survival (hazard ratio 1.19, 95% confidence interval 1.09-1.30; p < 0.001). Stage of disease did not significantly affect the results (subgroup p = 0.52), nor did the method of quantification via immunohistochemistry or messenger RNA (subgroup p = 0.70). CONCLUSIONS High expression of PD-L1 is associated with worse survival in solid tumors albeit with significant heterogeneity among tumor types. The effect is consistent in early-stage and metastatic disease and is not sensitive to method of PD-L1 quantification. These data can provide additional information for the counseling of patients with cancer about prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy R Saleh
- Department of Medical Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jordan L Scott
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nicholas Meti
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Danielle Perlon
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rouhi Fazelzad
- Information Specialist, Library and Information Services, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alberto Ocana
- Hospital Clinico San Carlos and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), and Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomedicas (CRIB), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncerci (CIBERONC), Universidad Castilla La Mancha (UCLM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eitan Amir
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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11
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Wu D, Feng M, Shen H, Shen X, Hu J, Liu J, Yang Y, Li Y, Yang M, Wang W, Zhang Q, Song F, Liu B, Chen K, Li X. Prediction of Two Molecular Subtypes of Gastric Cancer Based on Immune Signature. Front Genet 2022; 12:793494. [PMID: 35111202 PMCID: PMC8802764 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.793494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common type of human cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death. The purpose of this study is to investigate the immune infiltration signatures of gastric cancer and their relation to prognosis. We identified two distinct subtypes of gastric cancer (C1/C2) characterized by different immune infiltration signatures. C1 is featured by immune resting, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis pathways, while C2 is featured by enrichment of the MYC target, oxidative phosphorylation, and E2F target pathways. The C2 subtype has a better prognosis than the C1 subtype (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.44–0.85; log-rank test, p = 0.0029). The association of C1/C2 with prognosis remained statistically significant (HR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.44–0.87; p = 0.006) after controlling for age, gender, and stage. The prognosis prediction of C1/C2 was verified in four independent cohorts (including an internal cohort). In summary, our study is helpful for better understanding of the association between immune infiltration and the prognosis of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengyao Feng
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongru Shen
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xilin Shen
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiani Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jilei Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yichen Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meng Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology of Tianjin, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fangfang Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology of Tianjin, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ben Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology of Tianjin, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology of Tianjin, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangchun Li, ; Kexin Chen,
| | - Xiangchun Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangchun Li, ; Kexin Chen,
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12
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PD-L1 Expression Is a Favorable Prognostic Marker in Gastric Carcinoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2021; 28:748-754. [PMID: 32205740 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although multidisciplinary therapeutic strategies have improved treatment outcomes, the overall prognosis for patients with GC remains poor. Recently, immunotherapeutic agents targeting immunosuppressive proteins such as anti-programmed death-1 receptor and anti-programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have emerged as effective treatment options for various cancers, including GC. In addition to their therapeutic role, the expression of PD-L1 has been used as a predictive biomarker for programmed death-1/PD-L1 treatment response and has been shown to have a prognostic role in certain cancers. This study aims to evaluate the expression of PD-L1 in GC samples from Jordanian patients and assess its prognostic role as well as its correlation with clinicopathologic variables. Gastrectomy samples from 96 patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma were included in the study. Immunohistochemistry assay was employed for PD-L1 testing, and the scoring was based on a combined positive score (CPS). It was found that 66.7% of the study samples were positive for PD-L1 (CPS≥1). The expression of PD-L1 was not significantly associated with any of the assessed clinicopathologic variables; however, it was found to be an independent favorable prognostic factor for overall survival (hazard ratio: 0.481; 95% confidence interval: 0.231-1.001; P=0.050).
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13
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Yang B, Ren H, Yu G. Case Report: Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Pancreas With High PD-L1 Expression: A Rare Presentation. Front Oncol 2021; 11:680398. [PMID: 34277425 PMCID: PMC8281219 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.680398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary pancreatic squamous cell carcinoma is sporadic. The diagnosis is usually made following surgery or needle biopsy and requires a thorough workup to exclude metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma of the pancreas often has a very poor prognosis. There is no treatment guideline for this type of cancer, and to date, no therapeutic regimen has been proven effective. Here, we report the effectiveness of immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy against locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the pancreas with high programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Regional intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy consisting of nab-Paclitaxel followed by gemcitabine infused via gastroduodenal artery every three weeks for two cycles. This therapy resulted in the depletion of carcinoma, and the patient continues to lead a high-quality life with no symptoms for more than 16 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohong Yang
- Oncology Department, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Haipeng Ren
- Oncology Department, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Guohua Yu
- Oncology Department, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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14
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Liu W, Chen H, Wang D. Protective role of astragaloside IV in gastric cancer through regulation of microRNA-195-5p-mediated PD-L1. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:443-451. [PMID: 34124983 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1936013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) was reported to exert anti-cancer function in many cancers, but its actions in gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. In the present study, we tried to elaborate the underlying mechanism by which AS-IV regulated the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis of GC cells. METHODS The expressions of hsa-miR-15b-5p, hsa-miR-15a-5p, hsa-miR-195-5p, hsa-miR-424-5p and hsa-miR-497-5p in GC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were predicted by TCGA database. SGC7901 or MGC803 cells were treated with AS-IV, or transfected with miR-195-5p inhibitor/mimic or pcDNA3.1-PD-L1 followed by detection of cell proliferation, EMT and angiogenesis. The target relation between miR-195-5p and PD-L1 was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. RESULTS Elevated hsa-miR-15b-5p, hsa-miR-15a-5p and hsa-miR-424-5p expressions were found in GC tissues, while decreased hsa-miR-195-5p and hsa-miR-497-5p expressions were observed in GC tissues. AS-IV inhibits EMT and angiogenesis in GC. PD-L1 was a potential target of miR-195-5p. Down-regulation of miR-195-5p or elevated PD-L1 expression reverses the inhibitory effect of AS-IV on EMT and angiogenesis of GC cells. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that AS-IV inhibited EMT and angiogenesis in GC through upregulation of miR-195-5p, highlighting the potential therapeutic effect of AS-IV on GC via miR-195-5p-regulated PD-L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
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15
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Khoshghamat N, Jafari N, Moetamani-Ahmadi M, Khalili-Tanha G, Khajavi Rad MH, Sahebdel S, Khalili-Tanha N, Soleimanpour S, Khazaei M, Hassanian SM, Ferns GA, Avan A. Programmed cell death 1 as prognostic marker and therapeutic target in upper gastrointestinal cancers. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 220:153390. [PMID: 33640713 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GIs) cancers are among the most common causes of cancer related death, and hence the importance for the identification of novel prognostic/predictive biomarkers for detection of patients at an early stage, and for using these to identify novel targeted therapies to improve the efficacy of existing chemotherapeutic regimens. Programmed cell death 1 has been reported as a potential target in several malignancies, and targeting agents are being developed, some already approved by FDA, such as: pembrolizumab, Atezolizumab, Nivolumab. Pembrolizumab that have been approved for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Here we provide an overview of the mechanism of action PD-1/PD-L1, prognostic value and current progress in clinical trials using PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, and the resistant mechanisms at underlie the inhibitory effect of these agents in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Khoshghamat
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91387-35499, Iran
| | - Niloufar Jafari
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Ghazaleh Khalili-Tanha
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Sahebdel
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nima Khalili-Tanha
- Veterinary Medicine Student, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saman Soleimanpour
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, UK
| | - Amir Avan
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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16
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You W, Liu X, Yu Y, Chen C, Xiong Y, Liu Y, Sun Y, Tan C, Zhang H, Wang Y, Li R. miR-502-5p affects gastric cancer progression by targeting PD-L1. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:395. [PMID: 32821248 PMCID: PMC7429713 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01479-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have shown that miR-502-5p functions as a tumor suppressor and is associated with tumor growth and metastasis. This study intends to uncover the potential mechanism of miR-502-5p functioning as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer. Methods Expression levels of miR-502-5p and PD-L1 were measured by using qRT-PCR. Cell proliferation abilities were examined by EDU incorporation assay. Cell migration, invasion and cell cycle analysis of cells were determined by transwell assay, transwell-matrigel assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The relationship between miR-502-5p expression and the overall survival of xenograft tumor mice was statistically analyzed. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assays were applied to analyze the relationship between miR-502-5p and CD40, STAT3 or PD-L1. Expressions of CD40, STAT3 and PD-L1 at protein level were detected by western blot. Results The results showed that miR-502-5p was significantly downregulated in gastric cancer tumor tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Overexpression of miR-502-5p significantly attenuated the proliferation, migration/invasion and induced the G1 phase arrest of gastric cancer cells. Consistently, miR-502-5p suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Mechanically, we demonstrated that miR-502-5p had inhibited the malignant behaviour of gastric cancer by down-regulating PD-L1 expression at transcriptional level and post-transcriptional levels. Conclusions These findings suggest that miR-502-5p acts as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer (GC). MiR-502-5p/PD-L1 may be a novel therapeutic target in GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendao You
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Yulin No.2 Hospital, Yulin, 719000 China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Yujia Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Yiting Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Yibin Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Chenhuan Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | | | | | - Rui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
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17
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Sun J, Zheng Y, Mamun M, Li X, Chen X, Gao Y. Research progress of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in gastrointestinal tumors. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110504. [PMID: 32768978 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal tumor (GIT) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system, which seriously threatens people's health and life. With the deepening of the study on the mechanism of tumor immune escape, programmed death receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been proved to interact with the tumor microenvironment to mediate tumor immune escape. PD-L1 inhibitor is a hot spot in tumor immunotherapy in recent years, which can restore the activity of T cells, enhance the body's ability of immune response, and ultimately enable the immune system to effectively identify and kill gastric cancer cells, then achieve long-term tumor remission in patients with GITs. At present, variety of PD-L1 inhibitors such as pembrolizumab, nivolumab and avelumab have been approved for the market, and they have achieved good results in clinical studies on the GIT. This paper reviews the progress of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in GITs which include gastric cancer, colon cancer and rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yichao Zheng
- Zhengzhou University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Maa Mamun
- Zhengzhou University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Zhengzhou University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yongshun Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
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Profiles of PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2 in Gastric Cancer and Their Relation with Mutation, Immune Infiltration, and Survival. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2496582. [PMID: 32596285 PMCID: PMC7298268 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2496582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Although multiple types of cancers demonstrated favorable outcome after immunotherapy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, the specific regulatory mechanism of PD genes in gastric cancer (GC) remains largely unknown. Materials and Methods Expression of RNA, copy number variants, and clinical parameters of GC individuals from TCGA were analyzed. Coexpressed genes for PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 were selected by correlation analysis and confirmed by STRING. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analyses were performed by clusterProfiler. The influence of PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 on immune cell infiltration was investigated by MCP-counter. Results PD-L2 demonstrated significant relation with clinical stage of GC (P = 0.043). Survival analysis showed that PD-1 expression was correlated with better prognosis of GC patients (HR = 0.70, P = 0.031), but PD-L2 expression was related with worse survival (HR = 1.42, P = 0.032). Mutation of PIK3CA could alter the level of PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 (P < 0.001), and TP53 mutation demonstrated significant correlation with PD-L1 (P = 0.015) and PD-L2 (P = 0.014) expression. Enrichment analysis of PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 coexpressed genes indicated a biological process of mononuclear cell proliferation, leukocyte cell-cell adhesion, and lymphocyte activation as well as KEGG pathways including cell differentiation of Th1 and Th2, cell differentiation of Th17, and hematopoietic cell landscape. As for immune infiltration analysis, PD-1 was mainly related with cytotoxic lymphocytes and endothelial cells; PD-L1 were associated with monocytic lineage; PD-L2 showed significant correlation with myeloid dendritic cells. Conclusion PD-1 expression showed association with better prognosis of GC, and PD-L2 expression was related with worse survival. Mutations of PIK3CA and TP53 significantly correlated with PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 axis. PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 coexpressed genes demonstrated enrichment in mononuclear cell proliferation, leukocyte cell-cell adhesion, and lymphocyte activation as well as KEGG pathways including cell differentiation of Th1, Th2, and Th17.
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19
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A Multichannel Data Fusion Method Based on Multiple Deep Belief Networks for Intelligent Fault Diagnosis of Main Reducer. Symmetry (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/sym12030483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aiming at the problems of poor efficiency of the intelligent fault diagnosis method of the main reducer and the poor effectiveness of multichannel data fusion, this paper proposes a multichannel data fusion method based on deep belief networks and random forest fusion for fault diagnosis. Multiple deep belief networks (MDBNs) are constructed to obtain deep representative features from multiple modalities of multichannel data. Random forest can fuse deep representative features achieved from MDBNs to construct the model of multiple deep belief networks fusion (MDBNF). The proposed method is applied to fault diagnosis of the main reducer and evaluation of the performance. Multiple deep belief network model fusions (MD BN F) are constructed to improve the multichannel data fusion effect. Single sensory data, multichannel data, and two intelligent models based on support vector machine and deep belief networks are used as comparison in the experiments. The results indicate that the classification accuracy of the test set collected by sensor 1 and sensor 2 is 88.35% and 88.73%, respectively. The comparison results show that the method has good convergence. The data fusion of the proposed diagnostic model can effectively improve the correlation between the collected vibration signals and the failure mode, thereby improving the diagnostic performance by nearly 8%, representing improved diagnostic accuracy.
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Zheng Z, Guo Y, Zou CP. Oncological outcomes of addition of anti-PD1/PD-L1 to chemotherapy in the therapy of patients with advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e18332. [PMID: 32049776 PMCID: PMC7035123 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJC) that fail to respond to prior chemotherapy have poor clinical prognosis. Lately, many trials have paid much attention on the oncological outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). A new therapy based on programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors has recognized as promising prospects for advanced GC/GEJC. We assessed efficacy and safety of PD-L1 antibody versus chemotherapy alone in previously treated non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS Computerized literature search was done on the published trials in: Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library updated on June 2019. Randomized controlled trials were selected investigating chemotherapy plus PD-1/PD-L1 versus chemotherapy alone. RESULTS Three randomized controlled trails were included. The pooled analysis of overall survival (OS) was longer with anti-PD1/PD-L1 than with chemotherapy alone in the OS (OR = 0.66, 95%CI = 0.47-0.92, P = .02) and sub-group OS of GEJC (OR = 0.73, 95%CI = 0.58-0.93, P = .01). Whereas, there is no significant difference in progression-free survival (OR = 0.93, 95%CI = 0.62-1.39, P = .72). The pooling adverse events (AE) data did not achieve advantage in the PD-1/PD-L1 targeted agents (OR = 0.53, 95%CI = 0.13-2.10, P = .36), the same as the treatment-related AE of grade 3 to 5 (OR = 0.53, 95%CI = 0.16-1.74, P = .30). CONCLUSIONS Treatment of patients with advanced GC/GEJC with PD-1/PD-L1 targeted did result in an improvement in some but not all survival endpoints. Moreover, it had a comparable toxicity profile as compared with chemotherapy alone. More well designed studies are needed to develop a database of all anti-PD1/PD-L1 sub-groups and their individual impact on the differing anti-PD1/PD-L1 treatments.
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Liu S, Zhu Y, Zhang C, Meng X, Sun B, Zhang G, Fan Y, Kang X. The Clinical Significance of Soluble Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 (sPD-L1) in Patients With Gliomas. Front Oncol 2020; 10:9. [PMID: 32038986 PMCID: PMC6989542 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) in the circulation has been documented to activate global immunosuppression and is considered a predictor of negative clinical outcomes in several malignances. However, the clinical significance of sPD-L1 in the peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with glioma remains unclear. Objective: The aim of this study was to detect the correlations of sPD-L1 with clinical features in brain tumors and assess the diagnostic value of this protein in gliomas. Methods: Serum samples were obtained from 73 patients with glioma, 20 patients with meningioma, and 49 healthy controls (HCs) in this study. In total, 31 CSF samples were collected from the matched glioma patients, and seven samples were collected from the matched meningioma patients. The expression of serum sPD-L1 in the glioma cohort was followed for 20 days after surgery to examine the kinetics in the circulation. Inflammatory markers were evaluated based on preoperative blood parameters. The sPD-L1 levels in the serum and CSF were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The logistic regression model was used to assess the independent associations of sPD-L1 with gliomas, including high-grade gliomas. Results: Serum and CSF levels of sPD-L1 were significantly elevated in patients with gliomas compared to those with meningiomas and HCs. Additionally, increased levels of sPD-L1 were observed in relatively advanced tumors. sPD-L1 overexpression in the CSF appears to be more representative of aggressive tumor features than overexpression in the serum. For glioma diagnosis, both serum and CSF sPD-L1 showed significant value in the diagnosis and stratification of glioma, and the best diagnostic performance was obtained with serum sPD-L1 rather than blood-based inflammatory markers. In addition, a descending trend in the level of serum sPD-L1 was observed in postoperative patients. Conclusion: In gliomas, elevated circulating and CSF sPD-L1 levels are associated with aggressive biological activities. The results of the current study suggest that sPD-L1 is a promising biomarker for gliomas that can be used in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Liu
- Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Immunological Reagents and Clinical Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yadi Zhu
- Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Immunological Reagents and Clinical Research, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Immunological Reagents and Clinical Research, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangrui Meng
- Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Immunological Reagents and Clinical Research, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Immunological Reagents and Clinical Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xixiong Kang
- Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Immunological Reagents and Clinical Research, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
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22
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Liu S, Zhu Y, Zhang C, Liu J, Lv H, Zhang G, Kang X. Soluble programmed death-1 (sPD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (sPD-L1) as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of glioma patients. J Med Biochem 2020; 39:444-451. [PMID: 33312060 DOI: 10.5937/jomb0-24692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed at investigating the feasibility of testing for soluble programmed death-1 (sPD-1) and soluble programmed death ligand 1 (sPD-L1) in serum samples of glioma patients and to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of these two soluble molecules. Methods Serum samples collected from 70 glioma patients before surgery were designated as the pre-operative (Pre) group, samples obtained from 90 post-surgery glioblastoma patients were designated as the Post group, and samples from 20 healthy volunteers were used as controls. Peripheral blood sPD-1 and sPD-L1 levels were detected by using ELISA kits and compared among the groups. The associations of these soluble molecule levels with clinicopathological variables and tumour progression were investigated. Results Among the three groups, the Pre group had the highest sPD-1 levels, whereas the median sPD-L1 level was significantly lower in the Post group than in the other two groups. The area under the curve (AUC) of sPD-1 (0.762) for diagnosis was similar to that of sPD-L1 (0.718). Higher serum levels of sPD-1 and sPD-L1 were present in samples of patients with more advanced brain tumours. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that higher serum levels of sPD-1 (>11.14 pg/mL) and sPD-L1 (>63.03 pg/mL) might predict shorter progression-free survival times of glioma patients. Conclusions This study showed that sPD-1 and sPD-L1 might be promising predictive biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Liu
- Capital Medical University, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yadi Zhu
- Capital Medical University, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Capital Medical University, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Capital Medical University, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Lv
- Capital Medical University, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Beijing, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Capital Medical University, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xixiong Kang
- Capital Medical University, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Beijing, China
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23
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Brodská B, Otevřelová P, Šálek C, Fuchs O, Gašová Z, Kuželová K. High PD-L1 Expression Predicts for Worse Outcome of Leukemia Patients with Concomitant NPM1 and FLT3 Mutations. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112823. [PMID: 31185600 PMCID: PMC6600137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to solid tumors, the role of PD-L1 in hematological malignancies is less explored, and the knowledge in this area is mostly limited to lymphomas. However, several studies indicated that PD-L1 is also overexpressed in myeloid malignancies. Successful treatment of the acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is likely associated with elimination of the residual disease by the immune system, and possible involvement of PD-L1 in this process remains to be elucidated. We analyzed PD-L1 expression on AML primary cells by flow cytometry and, in parallel, transcript levels were determined for the transcription variants v1 and v2. The ratio of v1/v2 cDNA correlated with the surface protein amount, and high v1/v2 levels were associated with worse overall survival (p = 0.0045). The prognostic impact of PD-L1 was limited to AML with mutated nucleophosmin and concomitant internal tandem duplications in the FLT3 gene (p less than 0.0001 for this particular AML subgroup).
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Brodská
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague 128 20, Czech Republic.
| | - Petra Otevřelová
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague 128 20, Czech Republic.
| | - Cyril Šálek
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague 128 20, Czech Republic.
| | - Ota Fuchs
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague 128 20, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdenka Gašová
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague 128 20, Czech Republic.
| | - Kateřina Kuželová
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague 128 20, Czech Republic.
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24
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Bocanegra A, Fernandez-Hinojal G, Zuazo-Ibarra M, Arasanz H, Garcia-Granda MJ, Hernandez C, Ibañez M, Hernandez-Marin B, Martinez-Aguillo M, Lecumberri MJ, Fernandez de Lascoiti A, Teijeira L, Morilla I, Vera R, Escors D, Kochan G. PD-L1 Expression in Systemic Immune Cell Populations as a Potential Predictive Biomarker of Responses to PD-L1/PD-1 Blockade Therapy in Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1631. [PMID: 30986912 PMCID: PMC6479779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PD-L1 tumor expression is a widely used biomarker for patient stratification in PD-L1/PD-1 blockade anticancer therapies, particularly for lung cancer. However, the reliability of this marker is still under debate. Moreover, PD-L1 is widely expressed by many immune cell types, and little is known on the relevance of systemic PD-L1⁺ cells for responses to immune checkpoint blockade. We present two clinical cases of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and PD-L1-negative tumors treated with atezolizumab that showed either objective responses or progression. These patients showed major differences in the distribution of PD-L1 expression within systemic immune cells. Based on these results, an exploratory study was carried out with 32 cases of NSCLC patients undergoing PD-L1/PD-1 blockade therapies, to compare PD-L1 expression profiles and their relationships with clinical outcomes. Significant differences in the percentage of PD-L1⁺ CD11b⁺ myeloid cell populations were found between objective responders and non-responders. Patients with percentages of PD-L1⁺ CD11b⁺ cells above 30% before the start of immunotherapy showed response rates of 50%, and 70% when combined with memory CD4 T cell profiling. These findings indicate that quantification of systemic PD-L1⁺ myeloid cell subsets could provide a simple biomarker for patient stratification, even if biopsies are scored as PD-L1 null.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bocanegra
- Navarrabiomed-Fundacion Miguel Servet, IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - Gonzalo Fernandez-Hinojal
- Department of Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - Miren Zuazo-Ibarra
- Navarrabiomed-Fundacion Miguel Servet, IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - Hugo Arasanz
- Navarrabiomed-Fundacion Miguel Servet, IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | | | - Carlos Hernandez
- Navarrabiomed-Fundacion Miguel Servet, IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - Maria Ibañez
- Navarrabiomed-Fundacion Miguel Servet, IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - Berta Hernandez-Marin
- Department of Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - Maite Martinez-Aguillo
- Department of Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - Maria Jose Lecumberri
- Department of Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | | | - Lucia Teijeira
- Department of Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - Idoia Morilla
- Department of Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - Ruth Vera
- Department of Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - David Escors
- Navarrabiomed-Fundacion Miguel Servet, IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, 5 University Street, London WC1R 6JJ, UK.
| | - Grazyna Kochan
- Navarrabiomed-Fundacion Miguel Servet, IdISNA, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
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25
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Li J, Zhang XH, Bei SH, Feng L. PD-1/PD-L1 antagonists in gastric cancer: Current studies and perspectives. World J Meta-Anal 2019; 7:101-109. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v7.i3.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoints release suppressive signals for T cells, which enable the tumors to escape from immune destruction and provide a new concept that uses the capabilities of the immune system as a therapeutic target for tumors. At present, programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) has become the most promising therapeutic target. PD-1/PD-L1 blockades exhibit long-lasting antitumor efficacy and safety in patients with various cancers, such as melanoma and non-small-cell lung cancer. Moreover, PD-L1 is highly expressed in the peripheral blood and tumor specimens of patients with cancer, and the expression of PD-L1 is positively correlated with various pathological features and may serve as a predictor of poor prognosis or a diagnostic tool. Clinical trials have verified that PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy benefits patients with advanced gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction cancer. Furthermore, there are many molecules involved in the regulation of PD-1/PD-L1 expression, and the modification of these molecules via drugs and combinations with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors may further improve the efficacy of immunotherapy for gastric cancer. In this review, the efficacy, safety, and possible combination treatment options of PD-1/PD-L1 in gastric cancer are reviewed in experimental and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Endoscopy Center, Minhang Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhang
- Endoscopy Center, Minhang Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Song-Hua Bei
- Endoscopy Center, Minhang Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Li Feng
- Endoscopy Center, Minhang Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201100, China
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26
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Potential Utility of Liquid Biopsy as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Tool for the Assessment of Solid Tumors: Implications in the Precision Oncology. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8030373. [PMID: 30889786 PMCID: PMC6463095 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8030373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy is a technique that utilizes circulating biomarkers in the body fluids of cancer patients to provide information regarding the genetic landscape of the cancer. It is emerging as an alternative and complementary diagnostic and prognostic tool to surgical biopsy in oncology. Liquid biopsy focuses on the detection and isolation of circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA and exosomes, as a source of genomic and proteomic information in cancer patients. Liquid biopsy is expected to provide the necessary acceleratory force for the implementation of precision oncology in clinical settings by contributing an enhanced understanding of tumor heterogeneity and permitting the dynamic monitoring of treatment responses and genomic variations. However, widespread implementation of liquid biopsy based biomarker-driven therapy in the clinical practice is still in its infancy. Technological advancements have resolved many of the hurdles faced in the liquid biopsy methodologies but sufficient clinical and technical validation for specificity and sensitivity has not yet been attained for routine clinical implementation. This article provides a comprehensive review of the clinical utility of liquid biopsy and its effectiveness as an important diagnostic and prognostic tool in colorectal, breast, hepatocellular, gastric and lung carcinomas which were the five leading cancer related mortalities in 2018.
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27
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Shigemori T, Toiyama Y, Okugawa Y, Yamamoto A, Yin C, Narumi A, Ichikawa T, Ide S, Shimura T, Fujikawa H, Yasuda H, Hiro J, Yoshiyama S, Ohi M, Araki T, Kusunoki M. Soluble PD-L1 Expression in Circulation as a Predictive Marker for Recurrence and Prognosis in Gastric Cancer: Direct Comparison of the Clinical Burden Between Tissue and Serum PD-L1 Expression. Ann Surg Oncol 2018; 26:876-883. [PMID: 30565045 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-018-07112-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in primary tissues and soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) concentration in matched preoperative serum in gastric cancer (GC) patients to perform direct comparison between tissue and serum PD-L1 expression and to clarify the prognostic implication in GC. METHODS The study enrolled 180 GC patients who underwent surgery for GC at the authors' institution. The study evaluated tissue PD-L1 expression using immunohistochemistry and quantified sPD-L1 concentration in preoperative serum using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in GC patients. RESULTS The findings showed that PD-L1 was overexpressed in GC tissues compared with normal mucosa. Tissue PD-L1 expression was significantly higher in the GC patients with advanced T stage, presence of lympho-vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, and peritoneal metastasis. Furthermore, elevated tissue PD-L1 expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Serum sPD-L1 was significantly higher in the GC patients than in the healthy volunteers. Although serum sPD-L1 was not correlated with any clinicopathologic factors, the patients with high serum sPD-L1 showed poorer OS and DFS than those with low sPD-L1. Multivariate analyses showed that both elevated tissue PD-L1 and serum sPD-L1 were independent prognostic factors for poor OS [tissue PD-L1: hazard ratio (HR), 4.28; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.43-12.8; P = 0.0094 vs. serum sPD-L1: HR, 11.2; 95% CI, 3.44-36.7; P = 0.0001] and poor DFS (tissue PD-L1: HR, 6.96; 95% CI, 2.48-19.6; P = 0.0002 vs. serum sPD-L1: HR, 8.7; 95% CI, 3.16-23.9; P < 0.0001) for the GC patients. Furthermore, infiltrative CD8- and Foxp3-positive T cells were significantly increased in the GC patients with elevated tissue PD-L1 expression. CONCLUSION Both serum sPD-L1 and tissue PD-L1 expression may serve as predictive biomarkers for recurrence and prognosis in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsunehiko Shigemori
- Division of Reparative Medicine, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Yuji Toiyama
- Division of Reparative Medicine, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan.
| | - Yoshinaga Okugawa
- Division of Reparative Medicine, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan.
| | - Akira Yamamoto
- Division of Reparative Medicine, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Chengzeng Yin
- Division of Reparative Medicine, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Aya Narumi
- Division of Reparative Medicine, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Takashi Ichikawa
- Division of Reparative Medicine, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Shozo Ide
- Division of Reparative Medicine, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Tadanobu Shimura
- Division of Reparative Medicine, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujikawa
- Division of Reparative Medicine, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Hiromi Yasuda
- Division of Reparative Medicine, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Junichiro Hiro
- Division of Reparative Medicine, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Yoshiyama
- Division of Reparative Medicine, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Masaki Ohi
- Division of Reparative Medicine, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Araki
- Division of Reparative Medicine, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Masato Kusunoki
- Division of Reparative Medicine, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
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Tanigawa M, Naito Y, Akiba J, Kawahara A, Okabe Y, Ishida Y, Ishikawa H, Hisaka T, Fujita F, Yasunaga M, Shigaki T, Sudo T, Mihara Y, Nakayama M, Kondo R, Kusano H, Shimamatsu K, Okuda K, Akagi Y, Yano H. PD-L1 expression in pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma: PD-L1 expression is limited to the squamous component. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:2069-2074. [PMID: 30477643 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM We examined the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in surgically resected pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma (PASC) samples. Furthermore, the detection rate was also assessed using biopsy cases obtained from endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). METHODS Fifteen cases of PASC (six resected and nine EUS-FNA biopsied) from the Kurume University Hospital between 2009 and 2016 were used for the evaluation of PD-L1 expression. As a control group, 34 cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) were selected. To compare the positivity and intensity of PD-L1, two types of clones (SP263, E1L3N) were examined for immunostaining. Only the membrane expression of PD-L1 was regarded as positive. The PD-L1 expressions in the squamous cell carcinoma component (SCc), adenocarcinoma component (ACc), and immune cells were assessed separately. The ratio of PD-L1 expression was calculated by counting the positive tumor cells, and tumor proportion score (TPS) was applied (TPS; Null < 1%, low expression; 1 ≤ TPS ≤ 49% and high expression; ≥ 50%). RESULTS PD-L1 expression was observed in five surgical PASC samples (83%). This shows that SCc presented a high expression in these cases. However, the overall TPS indicated a low expression. In contrast, only one case (3%) was positive for PD-L1 in PDACs, and the TPS indicated a low expression. No differences in PD-L1 expression were observed between the two clones, SP263 and E1L3N. High PD-L1 expression in the EUS-FNA sample was found in only one case (11%). DISCUSSION Although assessment using the tumor cells of PASC samples obtained from EUS-FNA was difficult, this study suggests the selective expression of PD-L1 in the SCc of PASC. Furthermore, it was considered that immune checkpoint inhibitors could provide therapeutic effects selectively on the SCc for the entire range of TPSs, though the PD-L1 expression was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Tanigawa
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Naito
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan.
| | - Jun Akiba
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kawahara
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Okabe
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ishida
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hiroto Ishikawa
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Toru Hisaka
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Fujita
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yasunaga
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shigaki
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tomoya Sudo
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yutaro Mihara
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Masamichi Nakayama
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Reiichiro Kondo
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hironori Kusano
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | | | - Koji Okuda
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoshito Akagi
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Yano
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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29
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Bang YJ, Ruiz EY, Van Cutsem E, Lee KW, Wyrwicz L, Schenker M, Alsina M, Ryu MH, Chung HC, Evesque L, Al-Batran SE, Park SH, Lichinitser M, Boku N, Moehler MH, Hong J, Xiong H, Hallwachs R, Conti I, Taieb J. Phase III, randomised trial of avelumab versus physician's choice of chemotherapy as third-line treatment of patients with advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer: primary analysis of JAVELIN Gastric 300. Ann Oncol 2018; 29:2052-2060. [PMID: 30052729 PMCID: PMC6225815 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 409] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There currently are no internationally recognised treatment guidelines for patients with advanced gastric cancer/gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJC) in whom two prior lines of therapy have failed. The randomised, phase III JAVELIN Gastric 300 trial compared avelumab versus physician's choice of chemotherapy as third-line therapy in patients with advanced GC/GEJC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with unresectable, recurrent, locally advanced, or metastatic GC/GEJC were recruited at 147 sites globally. All patients were randomised to receive either avelumab 10 mg/kg by intravenous infusion every 2 weeks or physician's choice of chemotherapy (paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15 or irinotecan 150 mg/m2 on days 1 and 15, each of a 4-week treatment cycle); patients ineligible for chemotherapy received best supportive care. The primary end point was overall survival (OS). Secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and safety. RESULTS A total of 371 patients were randomised. The trial did not meet its primary end point of improving OS {median, 4.6 versus 5.0 months; hazard ratio (HR)=1.1 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.9-1.4]; P = 0.81} or the secondary end points of PFS [median, 1.4 versus 2.7 months; HR=1.73 (95% CI 1.4-2.2); P > 0.99] or ORR (2.2% versus 4.3%) in the avelumab versus chemotherapy arms, respectively. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) of any grade occurred in 90 patients (48.9%) and 131 patients (74.0%) in the avelumab and chemotherapy arms, respectively. Grade ≥3 TRAEs occurred in 17 patients (9.2%) in the avelumab arm and in 56 patients (31.6%) in the chemotherapy arm. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of patients with GC/GEJC with single-agent avelumab in the third-line setting did not result in an improvement in OS or PFS compared with chemotherapy. Avelumab showed a more manageable safety profile than chemotherapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02625623.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy
- Adenocarcinoma/pathology
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/drug therapy
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/pathology
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Papillary/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology
- Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell/pathology
- Choice Behavior
- Decision Support Techniques
- Esophageal Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology
- Esophagogastric Junction/pathology
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- International Agencies
- Irinotecan/administration & dosage
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/drug therapy
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Paclitaxel/administration & dosage
- Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data
- Prognosis
- Stomach Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Stomach Neoplasms/pathology
- Survival Rate
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-J Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | | | - E Van Cutsem
- Department of Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg/Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - K-W Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - L Wyrwicz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Schenker
- Centrul de Oncologie Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania
| | - M Alsina
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M-H Ryu
- Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H-C Chung
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea
| | - L Evesque
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - S-E Al-Batran
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Hematology, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - S H Park
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - M Lichinitser
- Department of Chemotherapy and Combined Therapy, N. N. Blokhin Russian Oncological Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - N Boku
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M H Moehler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - J Hong
- Global Clinical Development Immuno-Oncology, EMD Serono, Billerica, USA
| | - H Xiong
- Global Clinical Development Immuno-Oncology, EMD Serono, Billerica, USA
| | - R Hallwachs
- Global Research & Development, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - I Conti
- Global Clinical Development Immuno-Oncology, EMD Serono, Billerica, USA
| | - J Taieb
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Descartes University, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
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30
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Ito M, Oshima Y, Yajima S, Suzuki T, Nanami T, Shiratori F, Funahashi K, Nemoto T, Shimada H. Is high serum programmed death ligand 1 level a risk factor for poor survival in patients with gastric cancer? Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2018; 2:313-318. [PMID: 30003194 PMCID: PMC6036390 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Although the clinicopathological significance of the expression of programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1) in various cancer tissues has been reported, serum PD-L1 level has not been evaluated in patients with surgically treated gastric cancer. Therefore, we evaluated the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic significance of preoperative serum PD-L1 levels in patients with gastric cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Serum samples were obtained before surgery from 152 patients with gastric cancer, including 75 patients with stage I, 31 with stage II, 23 with stage III, and 23 with stage IV gastric cancer. The samples were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect soluble PD-L1. Using the median serum PD-L1 level of 50 pg/mL, patients were divided into two groups, namely high serum and low serum PD-L1 level groups. Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis were compared between these two groups using univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS Serum PD-L1 level was significantly associated with older age, positive cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), C-reactive protein levels, and albumin levels but not with tumor stage. Patients in the high serum PD-L1 group showed significantly worse overall survival and recurrence-free survival than those in the low serum PD-L1 group (P < .05). Multivariate analysis showed that high serum PD-L1 level was an independent risk factor for poor overall survival (P = .02). CONCLUSION High serum PD-L1 level was a prognostic factor for reduced overall survival in patients with surgically treated gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Ito
- Department of SurgeryToho University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Department of Clinical OncologyToho University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yoko Oshima
- Department of SurgeryToho University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Satoshi Yajima
- Department of SurgeryToho University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of SurgeryToho University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Tatsuki Nanami
- Department of SurgeryToho University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | | | | | - Tetsuo Nemoto
- Department of Surgical PathologyToho University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Hideaki Shimada
- Department of SurgeryToho University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Department of Clinical OncologyToho University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
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31
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Amatatsu M, Arigami T, Uenosono Y, Yanagita S, Uchikado Y, Kijima Y, Kurahara H, Kita Y, Mori S, Sasaki K, Omoto I, Maemura K, Ishigami S, Natsugoe S. Programmed death-ligand 1 is a promising blood marker for predicting tumor progression and prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:814-820. [PMID: 29345842 PMCID: PMC5834808 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has been clinically introduced for several malignancies, and its effectiveness has been confirmed by clinical trials. In particular, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) are widely known as important immune checkpoint molecules associated with the mechanisms of immune escape by malignant tumor cells. In addition, liquid biopsy of blood specimens has the clinical benefit of providing a simple, repeatable sampling tool. Non-invasive liquid biopsy has recently been spotlighted as a promising approach to predicting tumor progression and prognosis. This study assessed the clinical significance of PD-L1 mRNA expression in blood specimens obtained from patients with gastric cancer. Peripheral blood specimens were collected before treatment from 124 patients with gastric cancer. The PD-L1 mRNA expression was evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR. Programmed death-ligand 1 mRNA expression was significantly higher in patients with advanced gastric cancer than in patients with early gastric cancer (P = .002). Moreover, PD-L1 expression correlated significantly with depth of tumor invasion, distant metastasis, and stage (P = .001, P < .001, and P < .001, respectively). Patients with high PD-L1 expression showed significantly poorer prognosis than those with low PD-L1 expression (P < .0001). Multivariate analysis indicated PD-L1 expression as an independent prognostic factor. Expression of PD-L1 in peripheral blood may offer an immunological predictor of tumor progression and disease outcome in patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Amatatsu
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid SurgeryKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Takaaki Arigami
- Onco‐biological SurgeryKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Yoshikazu Uenosono
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid SurgeryKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Shigehiro Yanagita
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid SurgeryKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Yasuto Uchikado
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid SurgeryKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Yuko Kijima
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid SurgeryKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Hiroshi Kurahara
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid SurgeryKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Yoshiaki Kita
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid SurgeryKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Shinichiro Mori
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid SurgeryKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Ken Sasaki
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid SurgeryKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Itaru Omoto
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid SurgeryKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Kosei Maemura
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid SurgeryKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Sumiya Ishigami
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid SurgeryKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Shoji Natsugoe
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid SurgeryKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
- Onco‐biological SurgeryKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
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