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Cheng BH, Ho PS, Hsu CC, Chen FL, Chen MA, Kabasawa Y, Huang HL. Effectiveness of the lay health advisor program on oral function and quality of life in aboriginal older adults: A randomized controlled trial. J Oral Rehabil 2024; 51:840-850. [PMID: 38186265 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aboriginal older adults residing in remote areas have poor oral function due to inadequate access to healthcare services. Lay health advisor (LHA) strategies can fill capacity shortages of healthcare professionals in rural communities and increase population acceptance of health care or healthy behaviours. OBJECTIVE(S) To evaluate the effectiveness the LHA program on oral function and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among older adults in aboriginal community. METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG; n = 122) and a control group (CG; n = 118). All participants performed oral exercises, and the EG received additional one-on-one 30-min lessons by an LHA over 4 weeks. Data were collected through face-to-face interview and oral examination. The generalized estimating equation model was used to analyse changes in outcomes over time. RESULTS The EG exhibited significantly greater improvement in swallowing (β = .63) at the 6-month follow-up and in masticatory performance (β = .52) and pronunciation of the syllable/pa/ (β = 2.65) at the 2-week follow-up than the CG did. The EG had a significantly lower plaque control record (β = -.14) and plaque index (β = -.30) at the 3-month follow-up than the CG did. Moreover, the OHRQoL was significantly increased at 6-months follow-up in the EG (p = .010). CONCLUSION The LHA program had positive effects on chewing, swallowing and plaque control in aboriginal older adults. LHA group also experienced positive long-term effect on OHRQoL after intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Han Cheng
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Jenteh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli County, Taiwan
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Shan Ho
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
- Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Li Chen
- Department of Public Health, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-An Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuji Kabasawa
- Oral Care for Systemic Health Support, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Oral Health Care Sciences, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hsiao-Ling Huang
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Jenteh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli County, Taiwan
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Chandio N, Micheal S, Tadakmadla SK, Sohn W, Cartwright S, White R, Sanagavarapu P, Parmar JS, Arora A. Barriers and enablers in the implementation and sustainability of toothbrushing programs in early childhood settings and primary schools: a systematic review. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:242. [PMID: 35717199 PMCID: PMC9206278 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02270-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Untreated dental caries negatively impacts a child's quality of life including overall health and wellbeing, growth and development, social interaction ability, and school attendance. School-based toothbrushing programs have been recognised as an effective intervention to reduce the burden of dental caries. However, limited information is available to understand the real-world enablers and challenges in the implementation and sustainability of toothbrushing programs. This review aims to understand the barriers and enablers in the implementation and sustainability of toothbrushing programs in early childhood settings and primary schools.
Methods Five electronic databases [i.e., CINAHL (EBSCO), Medline (EBSCO), EMBASE (Ovid), Web of Science, and PsycINFO] and backward citation chasing were performed. The last updated databases searches were conducted in May 2022. Studies reporting on barriers and enablers in the implementation and sustainability of toothbrushing programs in early childhood settings or primary schools were included in the review. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed by using Joanna Briggs Institute [JBI] and mixed methods appraisal tool [MMAT] critical appraisal tools and results were reported in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Results A total of six studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Toothbrushing programs in early childhood settings and primary schools were mostly implemented under the supervision of staff and teachers. A positive attitude of the staff, the flexibility of toothbrushing sessions, involvement of community volunteers and parents were a few of the identified enablers. However, the timing of the communication of the program, inadequate transfer of information among staff, frequent staffing turnover, lack of parental support, and staff feeling overburdened while acting as pseudo parents were frequently reported as barriers. Conclusion The results of this systematic review identify key enablers and barriers for toothbrushing programs in early childhood settings and primary schools which need to be considered for developing oral health promotion initiatives. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02270-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navira Chandio
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.,Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia.,School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.,Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Sowbhagya Micheal
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Santosh Kumar Tadakmadla
- Department of Rural Clinical Sciences, Violet Vines Centre for Rural Health Research, La Trobe Rural Health School, Bendigo, VIC, 3550, Australia
| | - Woosung Sohn
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Surry Hills, 2010, Australia
| | - Susan Cartwright
- Colgate-Palmolive Pty Ltd., 345 George St., Sydney, 2001, Australia
| | - Rhiannon White
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Prathyusha Sanagavarapu
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.,School of Education, Western Sydney University, Bankstown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Jinal Shashin Parmar
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia.,School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Amit Arora
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia. .,School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia. .,Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia. .,Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District and Sydney Dental Hospital, NSW Health, Surry Hills, NSW, 2010, Australia. .,Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.
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