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Aragão Silva JA, Dos Santos Soares LM, Ferreira FS, da Silva AB, Souto WMS. Use of wild vertebrates for consumption and bushmeat trade in Brazil: a review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2023; 19:64. [PMID: 38111028 PMCID: PMC10729539 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-023-00628-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bushmeat is a resource exploited by thousands of people around the world, especially in tropical and neotropical regions, constituting an important source of protein and income. But what is known, so far, about the consumption and trade of wild vertebrate meat (hereinafter "bushmeat") in a megadiverse country like Brazil? This question was answered through a systematic survey of publications on the consumption and trade of wild vertebrate meat made in Brazil between 2011 and 2021. METHODS We selected 63 scientific articles available on "Google Scholar," "Science Direct," "Scopus," " Web of Science" and "Portal de Periódico da CAPES." The articles were categorized as: exclusive to (1) consumption or (2) bushmeat trade, totals of 54 and three articles, respectively; both (3) consumption and trade bushmeat, totaling six articles. We applied a nonparametric Spearman's correlation analysis to verify the association between the number of papers and the species richness of wild vertebrates cited for consumption by Brazilian state. RESULTS The results revealed that the publications were concentrated in the Northeast (36), North (26) and Southeast (1) regions, distributed across 16 states of the federation. These data reinforce the need for more researches in states and other regions of the country. Our research hypothesis was confirmed, since the richness of species cited for meat consumption was positively associated with the amount of work carried out by the states of the federation. We identified a total of 321 species of wild vertebrates mentioned in the categories involving the consumption of bushmeat. We had a greater bird species richness mentioned for consumption (170) to the detriment of mammals (107), reptiles (40) and amphibians (4). Furthermore, in the articles involving the bushmeat trade categories we had 57 species of vertebrates mentioned, with mammals being the most representative in terms of species richness (29), to the detriment of birds (20) and reptiles (8). These data reinforce that birds and mammals have been the groups most used both for consumption and trade in bushmeat in the country's regions, and it is necessary to mitigate the hunting exploitation of these groups. We recorded that socioeconomic, biological, environmental and sociocultural factors were the most cited predictors of the consumption and trade of bushmeat in the articles. We identified that the bushmeat trade chain is dynamic and ramified, made up of several actors, including specialized and diversified hunters, intermediaries, market sellers, market vendors, restaurant owners and final customers. Public markets and open-air fairs were the most cited places for buying and selling wild meat in commerce. CONCLUSIONS In general, our results indicate that we have made significant advances in publications on the consumption and trade of bushmeat in Brazil over the last few years. However, we highlight the need to better understand the patterns of consumption and trade of bushmeat in different regions of the country, as well as the factors associated with the dynamics of the trade chain and uses of wildlife by local communities. We emphasized that a multidimensional understanding of hunting activities is important to face socio-ecological problems and improve the conservation of target species which have continually been explored for uses by populations in different regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Augusto Aragão Silva
- Development and Environment Graduated Program, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, Piauí, CEP: 64049-550, Brazil.
| | | | - Felipe Silva Ferreira
- Graduated Program in Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Vale de São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, PE, CEP: 56304-917, Brazil
| | - André Bastos da Silva
- Development and Environment Graduated Program, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, Piauí, CEP: 64049-550, Brazil
- State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Coelho Neto, MA, CEP: 65620-000, Brazil
| | - Wedson Medeiros Silva Souto
- Development and Environment Graduated Program, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, Piauí, CEP: 64049-550, Brazil
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Jossie E, Seaborn T, Baxter CV, Burnham M. Using social-ecological models to explore stream connectivity outcomes for stakeholders and Yellowstone cutthroat trout. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 33:e2915. [PMID: 37635644 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Despite growing interest in conservation and re-establishment of ecological connectivity, few studies have explored its context-specific social-ecological outcomes. We aimed to explore social and ecological outcomes to changing stream connectivity for both stakeholders and native fish species impacted by habitat fragmentation and nonnative species. We (1) investigated stakeholder perceptions of the drivers and outcomes of stream connectivity, and (2) evaluated the effects of stakeholder-identified connectivity and nonnative species scenarios on Yellowstone cutthroat trout (YCT) populations. Our study was conducted in the Teton River, Idaho, USA. We integrated two modeling approaches, mental modeling and individual-based ecological modeling, to explore social-ecological outcomes for stakeholders and YCT populations. Aggregation of mental models revealed an emergent pattern of increasing complexity as more types of stakeholders were considered, as well as gaps and linkages among different stakeholder knowledge areas. These results highlight the importance of knowledge sharing among stakeholders when making decisions about connectivity. Additionally, the results from the individual-based models suggested that the potential for a large, migratory life history form of YCT, in addition to self-preference mating where they overlap with rainbow trout, had the strongest effects on outcomes for YCT. Exploring social and ecological drivers and outcomes to changing connectivity is useful for anticipating and adapting to unintended outcomes, as well as making decisions for desirable outcomes. The results from this study can contribute to the management dialogue surrounding stream connectivity in the Teton River, as well as to our understanding of connectivity conservation and its outcomes more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Jossie
- Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho, USA
| | - Travis Seaborn
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Colden V Baxter
- Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho, USA
| | - Morey Burnham
- Department of Sociology, Social Work, and Criminology, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho, USA
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Lalani B, Gray S, Mitra-Ganguli T. Systems Thinking in an era of climate change: Does cognitive neuroscience hold the key to improving environmental decision making? A perspective on Climate-Smart Agriculture. Front Integr Neurosci 2023; 17:1145744. [PMID: 37181865 PMCID: PMC10174047 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2023.1145744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Systems Thinking (ST) can be defined as a mental construct that recognises patterns and connections in a particular complex system to make the "best decision" possible. In the field of sustainable agriculture and climate change, higher degrees of ST are assumed to be associated with more successful adaptation strategies under changing conditions, and "better" environmental decision making in a number of environmental and cultural settings. Future climate change scenarios highlight the negative effects on agricultural productivity worldwide, particularly in low-income countries (LICs) situated in the Global South. Alongside this, current measures of ST are limited by their reliance on recall, and are prone to possible measurement errors. Using Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA), as an example case study, in this article we explore: (i) ST from a social science perspective; (ii) cognitive neuroscience tools that could be used to explore ST abilities in the context of LICs; (iii) an exploration of the possible correlates of systems thinking: observational learning, prospective thinking/memory and the theory of planned behaviour and (iv) a proposed theory of change highlighting the integration of social science frameworks and a cognitive neuroscience perspective. We find, recent advancements in the field of cognitive neuroscience such as Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) provide exciting potential to explore previously hidden forms of cognition, especially in a low-income country/field setting; improving our understanding of environmental decision-making and the ability to more accurately test more complex hypotheses where access to laboratory studies is severely limited. We highlight that ST may correlate with other key aspects involved in environmental decision-making and posit motivating farmers via specific brain networks would: (a) enhance understanding of CSA practices (e.g., via the frontoparietal network extending from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) to the parietal cortex (PC) a control hub involved in ST and observational learning) such as tailoring training towards developing improved ST abilities among farmers and involving observational learning more explicitly and (b) motivate farmers to use such practices [e.g., via the network between the DLPFC and nucleus accumbens (NAc)] which mediates reward processing and motivation by focussing on a reward/emotion to engage farmers. Finally, our proposed interdisciplinary theory of change can be used as a starting point to encourage discussion and guide future research in this space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baqir Lalani
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Baqir Lalani
| | - Steven Gray
- Department of Community Sustainability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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4
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Evaluating determinants of wire-snare poaching risk in the Boland Mountain Complex of South Africa. J Nat Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2022.126295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Froese GZL, Ebang Mbélé A, Beirne C, Atsame L, Bayossa C, Bazza B, Bidzime Nkoulou M, Dzime N'noh S, Ebeba J, Edzidzie J, Ekazama Koto S, Imbomba S, Mandomobo Mapio E, Mandou Mabouanga HG, Mba Edang E, Landry Metandou J, Mossindji C, Ngoboutseboue I, Nkwele C, Nzemfoule E, Sala Elie B, Sergent A, Poulsen JR. Coupling paraecology and hunter GPS self‐follows to quantify village bushmeat hunting dynamics across the landscape scale. Afr J Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Graden Z. L. Froese
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
- Nsombou Abalghe‐Dzal Association (NADA) Makokou Gabon
- Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET/CENAREST) Libreville Gabon
| | - Alex Ebang Mbélé
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
- Nsombou Abalghe‐Dzal Association (NADA) Makokou Gabon
- Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux (ANPN) Libreville Gabon
| | - Christopher Beirne
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
| | - Lucie Atsame
- Nsombou Abalghe‐Dzal Association (NADA) Makokou Gabon
| | | | - Blaise Bazza
- Nsombou Abalghe‐Dzal Association (NADA) Makokou Gabon
| | | | | | - Jovin Ebeba
- Nsombou Abalghe‐Dzal Association (NADA) Makokou Gabon
| | | | | | - Serge Imbomba
- Nsombou Abalghe‐Dzal Association (NADA) Makokou Gabon
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Christ Nkwele
- Nsombou Abalghe‐Dzal Association (NADA) Makokou Gabon
| | | | | | | | - John R. Poulsen
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
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van den Broek KL, Luomba J, van den Broek J, Fischer H. Evaluating the Application of the Mental Model Mapping Tool (M-Tool). Front Psychol 2021; 12:761882. [PMID: 34970194 PMCID: PMC8712333 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.761882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental models influence how individuals think and act in relation to their external environment and have been identified as leverage points to address sustainability challenges. Given the importance of mental models, a new tool to assess mental models has been developed: the Mental Model Mapping Tool (M-Tool). M-Tool was designed to have a standardized format and to be user-friendly for low literacy populations, using pictograms and audio instructions. In this paper, we evaluate M-Tool's application in two studies with Tanzanian fishers. In Study 1, we investigated M-tool's convergent validity compared to standard interviewing methods (n = 30). Study 2 investigated M-Tool's construct validity by relating mental model complexity to participants' education level (n = 185), a relationship that has been well established. The findings show that (1) mental models produced with M-Tool are more complex than mental models obtained through interviewing techniques; (2) model composition is similar across the two methods; and (3) participants with higher levels of education tend to produce more complex mental models with M-Tool than participants with lower levels of education, in line with previous research. These findings suggest that M-Tool can successfully capture mental models among diverse participants. This tool offers researchers and practitioners an instrument to map and compare perceptions of (conservation) challenges across groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlijn L. van den Broek
- Research Centre for Environmental Economics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Joseph Luomba
- Tanzanian Fisheries Research Institute, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Jan van den Broek
- Department of Theoretical Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Helen Fischer
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
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Commerçon FA, Zhang M, Solomon JN. Social norms shape wild bird hunting: A case study from southwest China. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Stakeholder mental model analysis supports focused conservation policy and actions for Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) reintroduction. J Nat Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2021.126064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Drew J, Kahn B, Locatelli N, Airey M, Humphries A. Examining stakeholder perceptions of oyster ecosystem services using fuzzy cognitive mapping. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Drew
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry Syracuse New York USA
| | - Beryl Kahn
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology Columbia University New York New York USA
| | - Nicolas Locatelli
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology Columbia University New York New York USA
| | - Montana Airey
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology Columbia University New York New York USA
| | - Austin Humphries
- Department of Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Sciences University of Rhode Island Kingston Rhode Island USA
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island Narragansett Rhode Island USA
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Tebbutt CA, Devisscher T, Obando‐Cabrera L, Gutiérrez García GA, Meza Elizalde MC, Armenteras D, Oliveras Menor I. Participatory mapping reveals socioeconomic drivers of forest fires in protected areas of the post‐conflict Colombian Amazon. PEOPLE AND NATURE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Arthur Tebbutt
- Environmental Change Institute School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | | | - Laura Obando‐Cabrera
- Laboratorio de Ecología del Paisaje y Modelación de Ecosistemas ECOLMOD Departamento de Biología Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia
| | | | - Maria Constanza Meza Elizalde
- Laboratorio de Ecología del Paisaje y Modelación de Ecosistemas ECOLMOD Departamento de Biología Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia
| | - Dolors Armenteras
- Laboratorio de Ecología del Paisaje y Modelación de Ecosistemas ECOLMOD Departamento de Biología Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia
| | - Imma Oliveras Menor
- Environmental Change Institute School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford Oxford UK
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Goswami R, Roy K, Dutta S, Ray K, Sarkar S, Brahmachari K, Nanda MK, Mainuddin M, Banerjee H, Timsina J, Majumdar K. Multi-faceted impact and outcome of COVID-19 on smallholder agricultural systems: Integrating qualitative research and fuzzy cognitive mapping to explore resilient strategies. AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS 2021; 189:103051. [PMID: 33814677 PMCID: PMC7998062 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2021.103051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The shock of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has disrupted food systems worldwide. Such disruption, affecting multiple systems interfaces in smallholder agriculture, is unprecedented and needs to be understood from multi-stakeholder perspectives. The multiple loops of causality in the pathways of impact renders the system outcomes unpredictable. Understanding the nature of such unpredictable pathways is critical to identify present and future systems intervention strategies. Our study aims to explore the multiple pathways of present and future impact created by the pandemic and "Amphan" cyclonic storm on smallholder agricultural systems. Also, we anticipate the behaviour of the systems elements under different realistic scenarios of intervention. We explored the severity and multi-faceted impacts of the pandemic on vulnerable smallholder agricultural production systems through in-depth interactions with key players at the micro-level. It provided contextual information, and revealed critical insights to understand the cascading effect of the pandemic and the cyclone on farm households. We employed thematic analysis of in-depth interviews with multiple stakeholders in Sundarbans areas in eastern India, to identify the present and future systems outcomes caused by the pandemic, and later compounded by "Amphan". The immediate adaptation strategies of the farmers were engaging family labors, exchanging labors with neighbouring farmers, borrowing money from relatives, accessing free food rations, replacing dead livestock, early harvesting, and reclamation of waterbodies. The thematic analysis identified several systems elements, such as harvesting, marketing, labor accessibility, among others, through which the impacts of the pandemic were expressed. Drawing on these outputs, we employed Mental Modeler, a Fuzzy-Logic Cognitive Mapping tool, to develop multi-stakeholder mental models for the smallholder agricultural systems of the region. Analysis of the mental models indicated the centrality of "Kharif" (monsoon) rice production, current farm income, and investment for the next crop cycle to determine the pathways and degree of the dual impact on farm households. Current household expenditure, livestock, and soil fertility were other central elements in the shared mental model. Scenario analysis with multiple stakeholders suggested enhanced market access and current household income, sustained investment in farming, rapid improvement in affected soil, irrigation water and livestock as the most effective strategies to enhance the resilience of farm families during and after the pandemic. This study may help in formulating short and long-term intervention strategies in the post-pandemic communities, and the methodological approach can be used elsewhere to understand perturbed socioecological systems to formulate anticipatory intervention strategies based on collective wisdom of stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupak Goswami
- Integrated Rural Development and Management Faculty Centre, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Kolkata 700103, West Bengal, India
| | - Kalyan Roy
- Integrated Rural Development and Management Faculty Centre, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Kolkata 700103, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudarshan Dutta
- African Plant Nutrition Institute, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Benguérir, 43150, Morocco
- Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Benguérir, 43150, Morocco
| | - Krishnendu Ray
- Sasya Shyamala Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Kolkata 700103, West Bengal, India
| | - Sukamal Sarkar
- Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Manoj Kr Nanda
- Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, West Bengal, India
| | - Mohammed Mainuddin
- CSIRO Land and Water. Black Mountain Science and Innovation Park, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Hirak Banerjee
- Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, West Bengal, India
| | - Jagadish Timsina
- Global Evergreening Alliance, Melbourne, and Institute for Study and Development Worldwide, 8/30 Hornsey Road, Homebush West, NSW 2140, Australia
| | - Kaushik Majumdar
- African Plant Nutrition Institute, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Benguérir, 43150, Morocco
- Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Benguérir, 43150, Morocco
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Levin PS, Gray SA, Möllmann C, Stier AC. Perception and Conflict in Conservation: The Rashomon Effect. Bioscience 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaa117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Conflict is a common feature in conservation and resource management. Environmental conflicts are frequently attributed to differences in values; however, variability in the perception of facts, rooted in social and cultural differences also underlies conflicts. Such differences in perception have been termed the Rashomon effect after the Kurosawa film. In the present article, we explore a conservation Rashomon effect—a phenomenon that results from a combination of differences in perspective, plausible alternative perspectives of a conservation issue, and the absence of evidence to elevate one perspective above others. As a remedy to the Rashomon effect, policy-makers have turned to scientists as honest brokers who share a common environmental reality. We evaluate this supposition and suggest that scientists, themselves, display Rashomon effects. We suggest that Rashomon effects can be reduced by acknowledging the plurality of reality, embracing epistemic pluralism, and prioritizing an inclusive process of resource management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip S Levin
- The Nature Conservancy and with the University of Washington's School of Environmental Science and Forest Sciences, Seattle, Washington
| | - Steven A Gray
- Department of Community Sustainability at Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Christian Möllmann
- Institute for Marine Ecosystem and Fisheries Sciences, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Adrian C Stier
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara
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Bardenhagen CJ, Howard PH, Gray SA. Farmer Mental Models of Biological Pest Control: Associations With Adoption of Conservation Practices in Blueberry and Cherry Orchards. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2020.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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14
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Nieman WA, Leslie AJ, Wilkinson A, Wossler TC. Socioeconomic and biophysical determinants of wire-snare poaching incidence and behaviour in the Boland Region of South Africa. J Nat Conserv 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2019.125738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Denninger Snyder K, Mneney PB, Wittemyer G. Predicting the risk of illegal activity and evaluating law enforcement interventions in the western Serengeti. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Denninger Snyder
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation BiologyColorado State University Fort Collins Colorado
- Grumeti Fund Mugumu Tanzania
| | | | - George Wittemyer
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation BiologyColorado State University Fort Collins Colorado
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Gray S, Voinov A, Paolisso M, Jordan R, BenDor T, Bommel P, Glynn P, Hedelin B, Hubacek K, Introne J, Kolagani N, Laursen B, Prell C, Schmitt Olabisi L, Singer A, Sterling E, Zellner M. Purpose, processes, partnerships, and products: four Ps to advance participatory socio-environmental modeling. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2018; 28:46-61. [PMID: 28922513 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Including stakeholders in environmental model building and analysis is an increasingly popular approach to understanding ecological change. This is because stakeholders often hold valuable knowledge about socio-environmental dynamics and collaborative forms of modeling produce important boundary objects used to collectively reason about environmental problems. Although the number of participatory modeling (PM) case studies and the number of researchers adopting these approaches has grown in recent years, the lack of standardized reporting and limited reproducibility have prevented PM's establishment and advancement as a cohesive field of study. We suggest a four-dimensional framework (4P) that includes reporting on dimensions of (1) the Purpose for selecting a PM approach (the why); (2) the Process by which the public was involved in model building or evaluation (the how); (3) the Partnerships formed (the who); and (4) the Products that resulted from these efforts (the what). We highlight four case studies that use common PM software-based approaches (fuzzy cognitive mapping, agent-based modeling, system dynamics, and participatory geospatial modeling) to understand human-environment interactions and the consequences of ecological changes, including bushmeat hunting in Tanzania and Cameroon, agricultural production and deforestation in Zambia, and groundwater management in India. We demonstrate how standardizing communication about PM case studies can lead to innovation and new insights about model-based reasoning in support of ecological policy development. We suggest that our 4P framework and reporting approach provides a way for new hypotheses to be identified and tested in the growing field of PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Gray
- Department of Community Sustainability, Michigan State University, Natural Resource Building 480, Wilson Road, Room 151, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - Alexey Voinov
- University of Technology Sydney, School of Systems, Management and Leadership CB11.06.217, (PO Box 123) Ultimo NSW 2007, 81 Broadway, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael Paolisso
- Department of Anthropology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA
| | - Rebecca Jordan
- Human Ecology & Ecology, Evolution and Natural Resources, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, 59 Lipman Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 08901, USA
| | - Todd BenDor
- Department of City and Regional Planning, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, New East Building, CB #3140, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Pierre Bommel
- Green Research Unit, CIRAD, Avenue Agropolis, 34398, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
- University of Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Pierre Glynn
- U.S. Geological Survey, 432 National Center, Reston, Virginia, 20191, USA
| | - Beatrice Hedelin
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Centre for Climate and Safety, Karlstad University, SE-651 88, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Klaus Hubacek
- Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA
| | - Josh Introne
- Department of Media and Information, Michigan State University, 404 Wilson Road, Room 417, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - Nagesh Kolagani
- Indian Institute of Information Technology (IIIT) Chittoor, Sri City, Andhra Pradesh, 517588, India
| | - Bethany Laursen
- Departments of Community Sustainability and Philosophy, Michigan State University, Natural Resource Building 480, Wilson Road, Room 151, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - Christina Prell
- Department of Sociology, University of Maryland, 2112 Parren Mitchell Art-Sociology Building, 3834 Campus Drive, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA
| | - Laura Schmitt Olabisi
- Department of Community Sustainability, Michigan State University, Natural Resource Building 480, Wilson Road, Room 151, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - Alison Singer
- Department of Community Sustainability, Michigan State University, Natural Resource Building 480, Wilson Road, Room 151, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - Eleanor Sterling
- American Museum of Natural History, Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, 200 Central Park West, New York, New York, 10024, USA
| | - Moira Zellner
- Department of Urban Planning & Policy, Institute for Environmental Science and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 412 South Peoria Street, MC 348, Chicago, Illinois, 60607, USA
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The socio-cultural benefits and costs of the traditional hunting of dugongsDugong dugonand green turtlesChelonia mydasin Torres Strait, Australia. ORYX 2017. [DOI: 10.1017/s0030605317001466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSignatory states of the Convention on Biological Diversity must ‘protect and encourage the customary use of biological resources in accordance with traditional cultural practices that are compatible with conservation or sustainable use requirements’. Thus the management of traditional hunting of wildlife must balance the sustainability of target species with the benefits of hunting to traditional communities. Conservation policies usually define the values associated with wild meats in terms of income and nutrition, neglecting a wide range of social and cultural values that are important to traditional hunting communities. We elicited the community-defined benefits and costs associated with the traditional hunting of dugongsDugong dugonand green turtlesChelonia mydasfrom communities on two islands in Torres Strait, Australia. We then used cognitive mapping and multidimensional scaling to identify separable groups of benefits (cultural services, provisioning services, and individual benefits) and demonstrate that traditional owners consider the cultural services associated with traditional hunting to be significantly more important than the provisioning services. Understanding these cultural values can inform management actions in accordance with the Convention on Biological Diversity. If communities are unable to hunt, important cultural benefits are foregone. Based on our results, we question the appropriateness of conservation actions focused on prohibiting hunting and providing monetary compensation for the loss of provisioning services only.
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Blair ME, Le MD, Sethi G, Thach HM, Nguyen VTH, Amato G, Birchette M, Sterling EJ. The Importance of an Interdisciplinary Research Approach to Inform Wildlife Trade Management in Southeast Asia. Bioscience 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/bix113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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19
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Game ET, Bremer LL, Calvache A, Moreno PH, Vargas A, Rivera B, Rodriguez LM. Fuzzy Models to Inform Social and Environmental Indicator Selection for Conservation Impact Monitoring. Conserv Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Edward T. Game
- The Nature Conservancy; South Brisbane QLD 4101 Australia
- The University of Queensland; St. Lucia QLD 4067 Australia
| | - Leah L. Bremer
- The Natural Capital Project, Woods Institute for the Environment; Stanford University; 371 Serra Mall Stanford California 94305
| | - Alejandro Calvache
- The Nature Conservancy; Northern Andes Conservation Program; Bogotá Colombia
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Caro T, Davenport TRB. Wildlife and wildlife management in Tanzania. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2016; 30:716-723. [PMID: 26681228 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tanzania, arguably mainland Africa's most important nation for conservation, is losing habitat and natural resources rapidly. Moving away from a charcoal energy base and developing sustainable finance mechanisms for natural forests are critical to slowing persistent deforestation. Addressing governance and capacity deficits, including law enforcement, technical skills, and funding, across parts of the wildlife sector are key to effective wildlife protection. These changes could occur in tandem with bringing new models of natural resource management into play that include capacity building, corporate payment for ecosystem services, empowering nongovernmental organizations in law enforcement, greater private-sector involvement, and novel community conservation strategies. The future of Tanzania's wildlife looks uncertain-as epitomized by the current elephant crisis-unless the country confronts issues of governance, embraces innovation, and fosters greater collaboration with the international community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Caro
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, U.S.A..
| | - Tim R B Davenport
- Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), Tanzania Program, P.O. Box 922, Zanzibar, East Africa
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Jay-Russell M, Doyle MP. Emerging Viral Zoonoses from Wildlife Associated with Animal-Based Food Systems: Risks and Opportunities. FOOD SAFETY RISKS FROM WILDLIFE 2016. [PMCID: PMC7123732 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-24442-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Zoonotic viruses of wildlife origin have caused the majority of recent emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) that have had significant impacts on human health or economies. Animal consumption-based food systems, ranging from the harvest of free-ranging wild species (hereafter, wild harvest systems) to the in situ stocking of domestic or farmed wild animals (hereafter, animal production systems), have been implicated in the emergence of many of these viruses, including HIV, Ebola, SARS, and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Jay-Russell
- Western Center for Food Safety, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
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Cawthorn DM, Hoffman LC. The bushmeat and food security nexus: A global account of the contributions, conundrums and ethical collisions. Food Res Int 2015. [PMCID: PMC7126303 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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