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Aitken SN, Jordan R, Tumas HR. Conserving Evolutionary Potential: Combining Landscape Genomics with Established Methods to Inform Plant Conservation. Annu Rev Plant Biol 2024. [PMID: 38594931 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-070523-044239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Biodiversity conservation requires conserving evolutionary potential-the capacity for wild populations to adapt. Understanding genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics is critical for informing conservation decisions that enhance adaptability and persistence under environmental change. We review how emerging landscape genomic methods provide plant conservation programs with insights into evolutionary dynamics, including local adaptation and its environmental drivers. Landscape genomic approaches that explore relationships between genomic variation and environments complement rather than replace established population genomic and common garden approaches for assessing adaptive phenotypic variation, population structure, gene flow, and demography. Collectively, these approaches inform conservation actions, including genetic rescue, maladaptation prediction, and assisted gene flow. The greatest on-the-ground impacts from such studies will be realized when conservation practitioners are actively engaged in research and monitoring. Understanding the evolutionary dynamics shaping the genetic diversity of wild plant populations will inform plant conservation decisions that enhance the adaptability and persistence of species in an uncertain future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally N Aitken
- 1Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; ,
| | | | - Hayley R Tumas
- 1Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; ,
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2
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Jordan R. The locus coeruleus as a global model failure system. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:92-105. [PMID: 38102059 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Predictive processing models posit that brains constantly attempt to predict their sensory inputs. Prediction errors signal when these predictions are incorrect and are thought to be instructive signals that drive corrective plasticity. Recent findings support the idea that the locus coeruleus (LC) - a brain-wide neuromodulatory system - signals several types of prediction error. I discuss how these findings support models proposing that the LC signals global model failures: instances where predictions about the world are strongly violated. Focusing on the cortex, I explore the utility of this signal in learning rate control, how the LC circuit may compute the signal, and how this view may aid our understanding of neurodivergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Jordan
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, 1 George Square, EH8 9JZ, Edinburgh, UK.
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Jordan R, Harrison PA, Breed M. The eco-evolutionary risks of not changing seed provenancing practices in changing environments. Ecol Lett 2024; 27:e14348. [PMID: 38288869 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Sourcing seed from local populations has been the long-standing default for native restoration plantings for numerous eco-evolutionary reasons. However, rapidly changing environments are revealing risks associated with both non-local and local provenancing. As alternative strategies gain interest, we argue to progress seed sourcing discussions towards developing risk-based decision-making that weighs the risks of changing and not changing in a changing environment, transcending historic default positions and local versus non-local debates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter A Harrison
- Australian Research Council Centre for Forest Value & School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Martin Breed
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
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Hardie CM, Jordan R, Forker O, Fort-Schaale A, Wade RG, Jones J, Bourke G. Prevalence and risk factors for nerve injury following shoulder dislocation. Musculoskelet Surg 2023; 107:345-350. [PMID: 36445531 PMCID: PMC10432320 DOI: 10.1007/s12306-022-00769-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The glenohumeral joint dislocation can be associated with major nerve injury. The reported prevalence and risk factors for major nerve injury are variable and this injury can have a severe and life-long impact on the patient. The objectives of this study were to analyse the prevalence of major nerve injury following shoulder dislocation and examine risk factors. Management and outcomes of nerve injury were explored. METHODS A 1 year retrospective cohort study of 243 consecutive adults who presented with a shoulder dislocation was performed. Data were collected on patient demographics, timings of investigations, treatment, follow-up, and nerve injury prevalence and management. The primary outcome measure was prevalence of nerve injury. Risk factors for this were analysed using appropriate tests with Stata SE15.1. RESULTS Of 243 patients with shoulder dislocation, 14 (6%) had neurological deficit. Primary dislocation (p = 0.004) and older age (p = 0.02) were significantly associated with major nerve injury. Sex, time to successful reduction and force of injury were not associated with major nerve injury in this cohort. Patients with nerve injury made functional recovery to varying degrees. Recurrent shoulder dislocation was common accounting for 133/243 (55%) attendances. CONCLUSIONS Shoulder dislocation requires careful assessment and timely management in the ED. A 6% rate of nerve injury following shoulder dislocation was at the lower border of reported rates (5-55%), and primary dislocation and older age were identified as risk factors for nerve injury. We emphasise the importance of referring patients with suspected major nerve injury to specialist services.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Hardie
- Leeds Institute for Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Clarendon Wing, Leeds General Infimrary, Great George Street, Leeds, LS1 3EX, UK.
| | - R Jordan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - O Forker
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - A Fort-Schaale
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Clarendon Wing, Leeds General Infimrary, Great George Street, Leeds, LS1 3EX, UK
| | - R G Wade
- Leeds Institute for Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Clarendon Wing, Leeds General Infimrary, Great George Street, Leeds, LS1 3EX, UK
| | - J Jones
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - G Bourke
- Leeds Institute for Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Clarendon Wing, Leeds General Infimrary, Great George Street, Leeds, LS1 3EX, UK
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, University of Umea, Umeå, Sweden
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Kalvin CB, Jordan R, Rowley S, Weis AL, Ibrahim K, Sukhodolsky DG. Aggression Is Associated With Social Adaptive Functioning in Children With ASD and Anxiety. Focus Autism Other Dev Disabl 2023; 38:168-176. [PMID: 38469453 PMCID: PMC10927274 DOI: 10.1177/10883576231165265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Social adaptive functioning is notably compromised and may be further impaired by aggressive behavior in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study examined the association between aggressive behavior and social adaptive skills in children with ASD and the contribution of aggressive behavior to social adaptive skills in a combined sample of children with and without ASD. Participants consisted of children, ages 8 to 15 years, with ASD (n = 52) and who were typically developing (n = 29). Results indicate that aggressive behavior is negatively associated with social adaptive skills in children with ASD and that it contributes to reduced social adaptive functioning above and beyond ASD diagnosis. Findings underscore the importance of considering the role of aggressive behavior when evaluating and promoting social functioning in children with ASD.
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Abstract
Prediction errors are differences between expected and actual sensory input and are thought to be key computational signals that drive learning related plasticity. One way that prediction errors could drive learning is by activating neuromodulatory systems to gate plasticity. The catecholaminergic locus coeruleus (LC) is a major neuromodulatory system involved in neuronal plasticity in the cortex. Using two-photon calcium imaging in mice exploring a virtual environment, we found that the activity of LC axons in the cortex correlated with the magnitude of unsigned visuomotor prediction errors. LC response profiles were similar in both motor and visual cortical areas, indicating that LC axons broadcast prediction errors throughout the dorsal cortex. While imaging calcium activity in layer 2/3 of the primary visual cortex, we found that optogenetic stimulation of LC axons facilitated learning of a stimulus-specific suppression of visual responses during locomotion. This plasticity - induced by minutes of LC stimulation - recapitulated the effect of visuomotor learning on a scale that is normally observed during visuomotor development across days. We conclude that prediction errors drive LC activity, and that LC activity facilitates sensorimotor plasticity in the cortex, consistent with a role in modulating learning rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Jordan
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Georg B Keller
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Vasilevskaya A, Widmer FC, Keller GB, Jordan R. Locomotion-induced gain of visual responses cannot explain visuomotor mismatch responses in layer 2/3 of primary visual cortex. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112096. [PMID: 36821437 PMCID: PMC9945359 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is to provide a comment on a recent paper by Muzzu and Saleem (2021), which claims that visuomotor mismatch responses in mouse visual cortex can be explained by a locomotion-induced gain of visual halt responses. Our primary concern is that without directly comparing these responses with mismatch responses, the claim that one response can explain the other appears difficult to uphold, more so because previous work finds that a uniform locomotion-induced gain cannot explain mismatch responses. To support these arguments, we analyze layer 2/3 calcium imaging datasets and show that coupling between visual flow and locomotion greatly enhances mismatch responses in an experience-dependent manner compared with halts in non-coupled visual flow. This is consistent with mismatch responses representing visuomotor prediction errors. Thus, we conclude that while feature selectivity might contribute to mismatch responses in mouse visual cortex, it cannot explain these responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vasilevskaya
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland,Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Felix C. Widmer
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland,Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Georg B. Keller
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland,Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Jordan
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
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Beska B, Ratcovich H, Bagnall A, Burrell A, Edwards R, Egred M, Jordan R, Khan A, Mills GB, Morrison E, Raharjo DE, Singh F, Wilkinson C, Zaman A, Kunadian V. Angiographic and Procedural Characteristics in Frail Older Patients with Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome. Interv Cardiol 2023; 18:e04. [PMID: 37614703 PMCID: PMC10442670 DOI: 10.15420/icr.2022.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Angiographic and procedural characteristics stratified by frailty status are not known in older patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS). We evaluated angiographic and procedural characteristics in older adults with NSTEACS by frailty category, as well as associations of baseline and residual SYNTAX scores with long-term outcomes. Methods In this study, 271 NSTEACS patients aged ≥75 years underwent coronary angiography. Frailty was assessed using the Fried criteria. Angiographic analysis was performed using QAngio® XA Medis in a core laboratory. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) consisted of all-cause mortality, MI, stroke or transient ischaemic attack, repeat unplanned revascularisation and significant bleeding. Results Mean (±SD) patient age was 80.5 ± 4.9 years. Compared with robust patients, patients with frailty had more severe culprit lesion calcification (OR 5.40; 95% CI [1.75-16.8]; p=0.03). In addition, patients with frailty had a smaller mean improvement in culprit lesion stenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (50.6%; 95% CI [45.7-55.6]) than robust patients (58.6%; 95% CI [53.5-63.7]; p=0.042). There was no association between frailty phenotype and completeness of revascularisation (OR 0.83; 95% CI [0.36-1.93]; p=0.67). A high baseline SYNTAX score (≥33) was associated with adjusted (age and sex) 5-year MACE (HR 1.40; 95% CI [1.08-1.81]; p=0.01), as was a high residual SYNTAX score (≥8; adjusted HR 1.22; 95% CI [1.00-1.49]; p=0.047). Conclusion Frail adults presenting with NSTEACS have more severe culprit lesion calcification. Frail adults were just as likely as robust patients to receive complete revascularisation. Baseline and residual SYNTAX score were associated with MACE at 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Beska
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle, UK
- Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNewcastle, UK
| | - Hanna Ratcovich
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University HospitalCopenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alan Bagnall
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle, UK
- Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNewcastle, UK
| | - Amy Burrell
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle, UK
| | - Richard Edwards
- Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNewcastle, UK
| | - Mohaned Egred
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle, UK
- Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNewcastle, UK
| | | | - Amina Khan
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeeds, UK
| | - Greg B Mills
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle, UK
| | - Emma Morrison
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle, UK
| | | | - Fateh Singh
- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS TrustBirmingham, UK
| | - Chris Wilkinson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle, UK
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle, UK
| | - Azfar Zaman
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle, UK
- Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNewcastle, UK
| | - Vijay Kunadian
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle, UK
- Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNewcastle, UK
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Suvá M, Bastón J, Arnold V, Wiedenmann E, Jordan R, Moro L, Vichera G. 20 Birth of myostatin-edited calf generated by cloning using CRISPR-Cas9 protein technology. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv35n2ab20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Mell L, Torres-Saavedra P, Wong S, Chang S, Kish J, Minn A, Jordan R, Liu T, Truong M, Winquist E, Wise-Draper T, Rodriguez C, Musaddiq A, Beadle B, Henson C, Narayan S, Spencer S, Harris J, Yom S. Radiotherapy with Durvalumab vs. Cetuximab in Patients with Locoregionally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer and a Contraindication to Cisplatin: Phase II Results of NRG-HN004. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Sarris J, Byrne G, Castle D, Bousman C, Oliver G, Cribb L, Blair-West S, Brakoulias V, Camfield D, Ee C, Chamoli S, Boschen M, Dean OM, Dowling N, Menon R, Murphy J, Metri NJ, Nguyen TP, Wong A, Jordan R, Karamacoska D, Rossell SL, Berk M, Ng CH. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) augmentation in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A phase III, 20-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 117:110550. [PMID: 35304155 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Preliminary evidence has suggested that adjunctive N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant precursor to glutathione, may reduce symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We conducted a 20-week, multi-site, randomized controlled trial to investigate the safety and efficacy of the adjunctive use of NAC in OCD. METHODS The study was a phase III, 20-week, double-blind, randomized controlled trial across multiple sites in Australia investigating 2 g to 4 g per day of NAC (titrated according to response) in 98 participants with DSM-5 diagnosed OCD. Data were analysed using linear mixed effects models for the 89 participants who attended at least one follow-up visit. RESULTS A modified intention-to-treat analysis of the primary outcome found no evidence that NAC reduced symptoms of OCD measured on the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, relative to placebo (mean difference at week 20 = 0.53, 95% compatibility interval = -2.18, 3.23; p = 0.70; favouring placebo). There was also no evidence that NAC, compared to placebo, improved outcomes on the secondary measures including anxiety, depression, quality of life, functioning, or clinician/participant impression. NAC was well-tolerated with only mild gastrointestinal adverse events associated with the treatment. CONCLUSION We found no evidence supporting the efficacy of the adjunctive use of NAC in OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Sarris
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Kenneth Myer Building, Royal Parade, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Professorial Unit, The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Gerard Byrne
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Mental Health Service, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David Castle
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chad Bousman
- Departments of Medical Genetics, Psychiatry, Physiology & Pharmacology, and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Georgina Oliver
- Professorial Unit, The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lachlan Cribb
- Professorial Unit, The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Scott Blair-West
- Professorial Unit, The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vlasios Brakoulias
- Western Sydney Local Health District Mental Health Service, Sydney, Australia; Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Australia
| | - David Camfield
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Carolyn Ee
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Suneel Chamoli
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mark Boschen
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Olivia M Dean
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Kenneth Myer Building, Royal Parade, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Nathan Dowling
- Professorial Unit, The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ranjit Menon
- Professorial Unit, The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jenifer Murphy
- Professorial Unit, The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Najwa-Joelle Metri
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas P Nguyen
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, Australia; School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Australia
| | - Andrew Wong
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebecca Jordan
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Diana Karamacoska
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Susan L Rossell
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Kenneth Myer Building, Royal Parade, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and the Centre for Youth, Mental Health Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chee H Ng
- Professorial Unit, The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Hitendre S, Jordan R, Theodorakopoulos C, White L. Dietary Intakes, Knowledge, and Perceptions of Semi-professional Rugby Athletes in Scotland. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2022; 19:49-69. [PMID: 35599915 PMCID: PMC9116392 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2022.2036436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adequate nutritional intake plays a pivotal role in optimizing performance, recovery, and body composition goals. This study aimed to investigate the dietary intakes (DIs); nutritional knowledge (NK); and attitudes, perceptions, and challenges (APC) of semiprofessional rugby players in Scotland. Methods Dietary intakes and NK of 24 male semiprofessional rugby players of a Super6 club were evaluated using validated questionnaires. Players were categorized as having good or poor NK according to NK scores. Diet-related APCs were assessed using researcher-developed questionnaires and 1-1 semi-structured interviews. Results Mean ± SD total NK% was poor, 53.7 ± 11.9%. The ‘Good’ NK group scored significantly higher in the Weight Management (p = 0.014), Macronutrients (p < 0.001), Micronutrients (p = 0.001), and Sports Nutrition (p < 0.001) sections. Mean DIs from food sources were 26.3 ± 9.2 kcal/kg/day energy, 1.4 ± 0.4 g/kg/day protein, and 21.7 ± 10.1 g/day fibre. Median (25th,75th) carbohydrate intake was 3.0 (2.0, 3.0) g/kg/day, and 6.3 (2.3, 10.6) units/week alcohol. Mean ± SD fat and saturated fat (SFA) % total energy intake (EI) were 36.2 ± 3.7% and 12.8 ± 1.9%, respectively, and SFA %EI exceeded recommendations (p < 0.001). The ‘Good’ NK group had significantly higher intakes of all macronutrients (p < 0.05). Total NK% positively correlated with intakes of meat (r = 0.556, p = 0.011), cereals (r = 0.458, p = 0.042), dietary fat (r = 0.477, p = 0.034), vegetables (r = 0.487, p = 0.030), and alcoholic beverages (r = 0.541, p = 0.014). Supplement use was 68%. Players felt diet affected performance (94%) but 31% of them were unaware of any specific nutritional strategies. A healthy diet was perceived to be ‘balanced’ with ‘variety from all food groups. Lack of time for preparation was described as the main barrier to healthy eating. Conclusions Overall, players had poor NK, their fibre and carbohydrate intake was suboptimal, whereas saturated fat intake exceeded recommendations. Many lacked awareness of current sports nutrition guidelines. Further nutrition education may be needed to improve diet quality and aid performance goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Hitendre
- Dietetics, Nutrition & Biological Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rebecca Jordan
- Dietetics, Nutrition & Biological Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christos Theodorakopoulos
- Dietetics, Nutrition & Biological Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lois White
- Dietetics, Nutrition & Biological Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK
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Tariq F, Remtulla M, Jordan R. 174 An Audit on First Time Shoulder Dislocations: Are We Following BESS Guidelines? Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac039.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Traumatic shoulder dislocations are the most common joint dislocation in the UK. They are often associated with concurrent injury to the joint and its stabilisers which can occasionally get missed. This can severely affect functional recovery and lead to chronic instability. Our aim was to assess adherence to the BESS guidelines for first time shoulder dislocations in a large acute general hospital.
Method
We conducted a retrospective review of all patients who attended the emergency department at Birmingham Heartlands Hospital between January and December 2019. A total of 20 patients were selected after verifying data received from the health informatics team. Patient notes, investigations and clinic letters were reviewed.
Results
The average age of our cohort was 50 with a male to female ratio of 13:7. The cohort was divided into three groups depending on their age i.e.,16–25, 25–40 and >40. Although 85% were seen in a fracture clinic only 25% were seen by a consultant. It was noted that among all three groups only 40% of appropriate imaging was requested. In addition, only 50% were correctly referred to a shoulder surgeon or shoulder clinic to assess shoulder function, however most patients were seen by a physiotherapist.
Conclusions
We found a large number of concomitant injuries in those investigated for a first-time dislocation. We have therefore designed a pathway to ensure that all patients with a first-time shoulder dislocation are followed up in fracture clinic and appropriate investigations ordered in a timely manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Tariq
- University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - M.A. Remtulla
- University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - R. Jordan
- University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Jordan R, Muir D, van Laarhoven S, Falk S, Strickland A, Skipworth J. P-P46 The use of FDG-PET/CT in the pre-operative staging of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab430.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The NICE Quality Standard for Pancreatic Cancer (December 2018) recommends that ‘adults with localised pancreatic cancer on CT(should) have staging using fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT(FDG-PET/CT) before they have surgery, radiotherapy or systemic therapy’. Such FDG-PET/CT staging aims to provide additional information to conventional cross-sectional imaging, thus presenting the most accurate staging of disease. However, the sensitivity and specificity of FDG-PET/CT to deliver relevant additional clinical information must be balanced with potential delays to treatment, and additional cost associated with its use, in the management of a time-critical pathology.
Methods
Consecutive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) patients deemed resectable on conventional imaging, and therefore referred for FDG-PET/CT assessment, were included for analysis. Data were derived from a single tertiary Hepatopancreaticobiliary(HPB) centre between May 2018 and June 2021. Data were collected and analysed from a combination of prospectively-collated electronic databases and paper patient records.
Results
Of 89 patients analysed, 55(61.7%) patients were male. Primary pancreatic lesions were PET avid in 81 cases(91%). Median time from request to FDG-PET/CT performance was 11 days(Range 1-35).
Additional clinical information from FDG-PET/CT was provided in 61(68.5%) patients. Further investigations to assess FDG-PET/CT findings were arranged in 23 patients(25.8%; including liver MRI and EUS), demonstrating that FDG-PET/CT findings were true-positive in 6(26.1%), false-positive in 15(65.2%) and equivocal in 2(8.7%). There was a median delay of 60.5 days(Range 26 to 256) from FDG-PET/CT to surgery in those undergoing additional investigation. In total, a new diagnosis of metastatic/non-resectable disease was made in 14(15.7%) patients, preventing progression to planned operative intervention.
Conclusions
FDG-PET/CT provided additional information to conventional imaging that led to cancellation of planned operative resection in 14(15.7%) PDAC patients-8 directly and 6 following further investigation. However, there was a median delay of 11 days to FDG-PET/CT and 60.5 days from FDG-PET/CT to surgery in those undergoing additional investigation.
Whilst FDG-PET/CT can lead to avoidance of unnecessary surgical intervention in PDAC patients with unsuspected metastatic/non-resectable disease, it can lead to delay, over-investigation, excess cost and anxiety in resectable patients. HPB units should audit their own findings to assess whether the use of FDG-PET/CT should be considered on a standard or selected basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Jordan
- Department of HPB Surgery, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan Muir
- Department of HPB Surgery, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Stijn van Laarhoven
- Department of HPB Surgery, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Falk
- Department of Oncology, Bristol Haematology and Oncology Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Strickland
- Department of HPB Surgery, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - James Skipworth
- Department of HPB Surgery, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
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15
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Costa e Silva J, Jordan R, Potts BM, Pinkard E, Prober SM. Directional Selection on Tree Seedling Traits Driven by Experimental Drought Differs Between Mesic and Dry Populations. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.722964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated population differences and drought-induced phenotypic selection on four seedling traits of the Australian forest tree Eucalyptus pauciflora using a glasshouse dry-down experiment. We compared dry and mesic populations and tested for directional selection on lamina length (reflecting leaf size), leaf shape, the node of ontogenetic transition to the petiolate leaf (reflecting the loss of vegetative juvenility), and lignotuber size (reflecting a recovery trait). On average, the dry population had smaller and broader leaves, greater retention of the juvenile leaf state and larger lignotubers than the mesic population, but the populations did not differ in seedling survival. While there was statistical support for directional selection acting on the focal traits in one or other population, and for differences between populations in selection gradient estimates for two traits, only one trait—lamina length—exhibited a pattern of directional selection consistent with the observed population differences being a result of past adaptation to reduce seedling susceptibility to acute drought. The observed directional selection for lamina length in the mesic population suggests that future increases in drought risk in the wild will shift the mean of the mesic population toward that of the dry population. Further, we provide evidence suggesting an early age trade-off between drought damage and recovery traits, with phenotypes which develop larger lignotubers early being more susceptible to drought death. Such trade-offs could have contributed to the absence of population mean differences in survival, despite marked differentiation in seedling traits.
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16
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Clark D, Jordan R. Recognizing Resilience: Exploring the Impacts of COVID-19 on Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence. Gender Issues 2021; 39:320-334. [PMID: 34840497 PMCID: PMC8604696 DOI: 10.1007/s12147-021-09292-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study explores self-reported impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on several facets of IPV survivor well-being, such as mental health, economic stability, food security, and resilience. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with survivors of IPV. Qualitative data were collected on variables related to mental health, economic stability, food security, and resilience. The findings of this study suggest that while survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) face a variety of challenges posed by COVID-19 (e.g., employment, income, etc.), they identify themselves as resilient. Our findings also show that while survivors of have faced setbacks due to COVID-19, variables such as mental health and well-being have improved. Our findings suggest that while the pandemic has certainly impacted survivors, and included setbacks or delays, survivors have seen improvements in several areas. Our data suggest that these improvements, in the face of difficulties, is because of the overwhelming resilience of survivors.
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17
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Abstract
This protocol describes stable in vivo recordings of neuronal membrane potential in awake behaving, head-fixed mice. Previous protocols often highlight the need to minimize animal movements by anesthesia or restraint. This protocol is optimized to minimize brain movements during animal motion and has been used to record neurons in the olfactory bulb and visual cortex during active licking and locomotion behaviors. Under optimal conditions, success rates lie between 30% and 50% (recordings per microelectrode), with durations of up to 30 min. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Jordan et al. (2018) and Jordan and Keller (2020). Protocol for stable head plate and recording chamber implantation Instructions for stable and clean craniotomy and durectomy Step-by-step guide for blind whole-cell recordings in mouse dorsal brain structures Additional instructions for pipette retraction after neuronal filling
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Jordan
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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18
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Ahrens CW, Jordan R, Bragg J, Harrison PA, Hopley T, Bothwell H, Murray K, Steane DA, Whale JW, Byrne M, Andrew R, Rymer PD. Regarding the F-word: The effects of data filtering on inferred genotype-environment associations. Mol Ecol Resour 2021; 21:1460-1474. [PMID: 33565725 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Genotype-environment association (GEA) methods have become part of the standard landscape genomics toolkit, yet, we know little about how to best filter genotype-by-sequencing data to provide robust inferences for environmental adaptation. In many cases, default filtering thresholds for minor allele frequency and missing data are applied regardless of sample size, having unknown impacts on the results, negatively affecting management strategies. Here, we investigate the effects of filtering on GEA results and the potential implications for assessment of adaptation to environment. We use empirical and simulated data sets derived from two widespread tree species to assess the effects of filtering on GEA outputs. Critically, we find that the level of filtering of missing data and minor allele frequency affect the identification of true positives. Even slight adjustments to these thresholds can change the rate of true positive detection. Using conservative thresholds for missing data and minor allele frequency substantially reduces the size of the data set, lessening the power to detect adaptive variants (i.e., simulated true positives) with strong and weak strengths of selection. Regardless, strength of selection was a good predictor for GEA detection, but even some SNPs under strong selection went undetected. False positive rates varied depending on the species and GEA method, and filtering significantly impacted the predictions of adaptive capacity in downstream analyses. We make several recommendations regarding filtering for GEA methods. Ultimately, there is no filtering panacea, but some choices are better than others, depending on the study system, availability of genomic resources, and desired objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin W Ahrens
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Jason Bragg
- Research Centre for Ecosystem Resilience, Australian Institute of Botanical Science, The Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter A Harrison
- School of Natural Sciences and Australian Research Council Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas., Australia
| | - Tara Hopley
- Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Kevin Murray
- Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Dorothy A Steane
- CSIRO Land & Water, Hobart, Tas., Australia.,School of Natural Sciences and Australian Research Council Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas., Australia
| | - John W Whale
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, Australia
| | - Margaret Byrne
- Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Rose Andrew
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul D Rymer
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, Australia
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19
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Jordan R, Kalvin CB, Ibrahim K, Sukhodolsky DG. Parent Emotion Socialization in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Co-Occurring Anxiety. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2021; 49:125-137. [PMID: 33442839 PMCID: PMC7809195 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-020-00731-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although parents' socialization of children's emotional experiences and expression has been widely studied in typically developing (TD) populations, these processes have been largely unexplored in families of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study examined parent emotion socialization in a well-characterized sample of verbally fluent children with ASD and comorbid anxiety disorders. Participants included 64 children, aged 8-15 years, who had ASD and co-occurring anxiety and 24 matched TD children without psychiatric disorders. Parents completed ratings of their responses to their children's emotional experiences using the Coping with Children's Negative Emotions Scale (CCNES), and both parents and children completed ratings of child anxiety using the Multidimensional Anxiety Rating Scale (MASC). Parents of children with ASD and anxiety did not differ from parents of TD children without psychiatric disorders in their endorsement of different emotion socialization practices. However, among children with ASD and anxiety, greater anxiety was associated with more emotion-focused responses from parents, and for children with less ASD symptom severity, lower levels of anxiety were associated with more punitive responses from parents. Results suggest that certain types of more directive emotion socialization approaches may be associated with lower anxiety in children with ASD, whereas emotion socialization approaches focused on altering the child's emotional experiences may be associated with greater anxiety in this population. While it is likely that parent emotion socialization practices impact children's emotional experiences of anxiety, it is also likely that children with distinct profiles of anxiety and ASD symptomology elicit specific styles of emotion socialization from parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Jordan
- Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 230 S. Frontage Road, New Haven, CT, 06520, US.
| | - Carla B Kalvin
- Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 230 S. Frontage Road, New Haven, CT, 06520, US
| | - Karim Ibrahim
- Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 230 S. Frontage Road, New Haven, CT, 06520, US
| | - Denis G Sukhodolsky
- Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 230 S. Frontage Road, New Haven, CT, 06520, US
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20
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Abstract
The long-term effectiveness of powered toothbrushes (PTBs) and interdental cleaning aids (IDAs) on a population level is unproven. We evaluated to what extent changes in PTB and IDA use may explain changes in periodontitis, caries, and tooth loss over the course of 17 y using data for adults (35 to 44 y) and seniors (65 to 74 y) from 3 independent cross-sectional surveys of the German Oral Health Studies (DMS). Oaxaca decomposition analyses assessed to what extent changes in mean probing depth (PD), number of caries-free surfaces, and number of teeth between 1) DMS III and DMS V and 2) DMS IV and DMS V could be explained by changes in PTB and IDA use. Between DMS III and V, PTB (adults: 33.5%; seniors: 28.5%) and IDA use (adults: 32.5%; seniors: 41.4%) increased along with an increase in mean PD, number of caries-free surfaces, and number of teeth. Among adults, IDA use contributed toward increased number of teeth between DMS III and V as well as DMS IV and V. In general, the estimates for adults were of lower magnitude. Among seniors between DMS III and V, PTB and IDA use explained a significant amount of explained change in the number of caries-free surfaces (1.72 and 5.80 out of 8.44, respectively) and the number of teeth (0.49 and 1.25 out of 2.19, respectively). Between DMS IV and V, PTB and IDA use contributed most of the explained change in caries-free surfaces (0.85 and 1.61 out of 2.72, respectively) and the number of teeth (0.25 and 0.46 out of 0.94, respectively) among seniors. In contrast to reported results from short-term clinical studies, in the long run, both PTB and IDA use contributed to increased number of caries-free healthy surfaces and teeth in both adults and seniors.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pitchika
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - R Jordan
- Institute of German Dentists (IDZ), Cologne, Germany
| | - W Micheelis
- Institute of German Dentists (IDZ), Cologne, Germany
| | - A Welk
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Kocher
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Holtfreter
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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21
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Jordan R, Keller GB. Opposing Influence of Top-down and Bottom-up Input on Excitatory Layer 2/3 Neurons in Mouse Primary Visual Cortex. Neuron 2020; 108:1194-1206.e5. [PMID: 33091338 PMCID: PMC7772056 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Processing in cortical circuits is driven by combinations of cortical and subcortical inputs. These inputs are often conceptually categorized as bottom-up, conveying sensory information, and top-down, conveying contextual information. Using intracellular recordings in mouse primary visual cortex, we measured neuronal responses to visual input, locomotion, and visuomotor mismatches. We show that layer 2/3 (L2/3) neurons compute a difference between top-down motor-related input and bottom-up visual flow input. Most L2/3 neurons responded to visuomotor mismatch with either hyperpolarization or depolarization, and the size of this response was correlated with distinct physiological properties. Consistent with a subtraction of bottom-up and top-down input, visual and motor-related inputs had opposing influence on L2/3 neurons. In infragranular neurons, we found no evidence of a difference computation and responses were consistent with positive integration of visuomotor inputs. Our results provide evidence that L2/3 functions as a bidirectional comparator of top-down and bottom-up input. Layer 2/3 neurons show widespread subthreshold mismatch responses Mismatch response sign is predicted by visual flow and locomotion-related responses Layer 5/6 has a scarcity of depolarizing mismatch responses Visual flow and locomotion speed have opposing signs of influence only in layer 2/3
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Jordan
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Georg B Keller
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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22
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Ackels T, Jordan R, Schaefer AT, Fukunaga I. Respiration-Locking of Olfactory Receptor and Projection Neurons in the Mouse Olfactory Bulb and Its Modulation by Brain State. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:220. [PMID: 32765224 PMCID: PMC7378796 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
For sensory systems of the brain, the dynamics of an animal’s own sampling behavior has a direct consequence on ensuing computations. This is particularly the case for mammalian olfaction, where a rhythmic flow of air over the nasal epithelium entrains activity in olfactory system neurons in a phenomenon known as sniff-locking. Parameters of sniffing can, however, change drastically with brain states. Coupled to the fact that different observation methods have different kinetics, consensus on the sniff-locking properties of neurons is lacking. To address this, we investigated the sniff-related activity of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs), as well as the principal neurons of the olfactory bulb (OB), using 2-photon calcium imaging and intracellular whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in vivo, both in anesthetized and awake mice. Our results indicate that OSNs and OB output neurons lock robustly to the sniff rhythm, but with a slight temporal shift between behavioral states. We also observed a slight delay between methods. Further, the divergent sniff-locking by tufted cells (TCs) and mitral cells (MCs) in the absence of odor can be used to determine the cell type reliably using a simple linear classifier. Using this classification on datasets where morphological identification is unavailable, we find that MCs use a wider range of temporal shifts to encode odors than previously thought, while TCs have a constrained timing of activation due to an early-onset hyperpolarization. We conclude that the sniff rhythm serves as a fundamental rhythm but its impact on odor encoding depends on cell type, and this difference is accentuated in awake mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Ackels
- Neurophysiology of Behaviour Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Jordan
- Neurophysiology of Behaviour Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas T Schaefer
- Neurophysiology of Behaviour Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Izumi Fukunaga
- Sensory and Behavioural Neuroscience Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
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23
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Simon J, Clayton A, Kingsberg S, Portman D, Jordan R, Lucas J, Williams L, Krop J. 038 Effect Size of Bremelanotide Treatment in the Phase 3 RECONNECT Studies. J Sex Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.04.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Kingsberg S, Portman D, Clayton A, Revicki D, Jordan R, Sadiq A, Williams L, Krop J. 011 Correlation Between Validated Instruments Used in the RECONNECT Studies. J Sex Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.04.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Kingsberg S, Clayton A, Portman D, Jordan R, Revicki D, Williams L, Krop J. 012 Bremelanotide Treatment Provided Clinically Meaningful Benefits in Premenopausal Women With Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder. J Sex Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.04.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to predict the usage of dental services in Germany from 2000 to 2015 based on epidemiologic and demographic data, and to compare these predictions against claims within the statutory health insurance. METHODS Indicators for operative (number of coronally decayed or filled teeth, root surface caries lesions, and fillings), prosthetic (number of missing teeth), and periodontal treatment needs (number of teeth with probing pocket depths (PPDs) ≥ 4 mm) from nationally representative German Oral Health Studies (1997, 2005, 2014) were cross-sectionally interpolated across age and time, and combined with year- and age-specific population estimates. These, as well as the number of children eligible for individual preventive services (aged 6 to 17 y), were adjusted for age- and time-specific insurance status and services' utilization to yield predicted usage of operative, prosthetic, periodontal, and preventive services. Cumulative annual usage in these 4 services groups were compared against aggregations of a total of 24 claims positions from the statutory German health insurance. RESULTS Morbidity, utilization, and demography were highly dynamic across age groups and over time. Despite improvements of individual oral health, predicted usage of dental services did not decrease over time, but increased mainly due to usage shifts from younger (shrinking) to older (growing) age groups. Predicted usage of operative services increased between 2000 and 2015 (from 52 million to 56 million, +7.8%); predictions largely agreed with claimed services (root mean square error [RMSE] 1.9 million services, error range -4.6/+3.8%). Prosthetic services increased (from 2.4 million to 2.6 million, +11.9%), with near perfect agreement to claimed data [RMSE 0.1 million services, error range -8.3/+3.9%]). Periodontal services also increased (from 21 million to 27 million, +25.9%; RMSE 5.2 million services, error range +21.9/+36.5%), as did preventive services (from 22 million to 27 million, +20.4%; RMSE 3 million, error range -13.7/-4.7%). CONCLUSION Predicting dental services seems viable when accounting for the joint dynamics of morbidity, utilization, and demographics. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT Based on epidemiologic and demographic data, predicting usage of certain dental services is viable when accounting for the dynamics of morbidity, utilization, and demographics.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Schwendicke
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - J Krois
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - R Jordan
- Institute of German Dentists (IDZ), Cologne
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27
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Simon J, Clayton A, Kingsberg S, Portman D, Jordan R, Williams L, Krop J. 194 Effect Size of Bremelanotide Treatment in the Phase 3 RECONNECT Studies. J Sex Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.11.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Lu J, Testa N, Jordan R, Elyan R, Kanekar S, Wang J, Eslinger P, Yang QX, Zhang B, Karunanayaka PR. Functional Connectivity between the Resting-State Olfactory Network and the Hippocampus in Alzheimer's Disease. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9120338. [PMID: 31775369 PMCID: PMC6955985 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9120338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Olfactory impairment is associated with prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is a risk factor for the development of dementia. AD pathology is known to disrupt brain regions instrumental in olfactory information processing, such as the primary olfactory cortex (POC), the hippocampus, and other temporal lobe structures. This selective vulnerability suggests that the functional connectivity (FC) between the olfactory network (ON), consisting of the POC, insula and orbital frontal cortex (OFC) (Tobia et al., 2016), and the hippocampus may be impaired in early stage AD. Yet, the development trajectory of this potential FC impairment remains unclear. Here, we used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) to investigate FC changes between the ON and hippocampus in four groups: aged-matched cognitively normal (CN), early mild cognitive impairment (EMCI), late mild cognitive impairment (LMCI), and AD. FC was calculated using low frequency fMRI signal fluctuations in the ON and hippocampus (Tobia et al., 2016). We found that the FC between the ON and the right hippocampus became progressively disrupted across disease states, with significant differences between EMCI and LMCI groups. Additionally, there were no significant differences in gray matter hippocampal volumes between EMCI and LMCI groups. Lastly, the FC between the ON and hippocampus was significantly correlated with neuropsychological test scores, suggesting that it is related to cognition in a meaningful way. These findings provide the first in vivo evidence for the involvement of FC between the ON and hippocampus in AD pathology. Results suggest that functional connectivity (FC) between the olfactory network (ON) and hippocampus may be a sensitive marker for Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression, preceding gray matter volume loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Lu
- Department of Radiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (J.L.); (N.T.); (R.J.); (R.E.); (P.E.); (Q.X.Y.)
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China;
| | - Nicole Testa
- Department of Radiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (J.L.); (N.T.); (R.J.); (R.E.); (P.E.); (Q.X.Y.)
| | - Rebecca Jordan
- Department of Radiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (J.L.); (N.T.); (R.J.); (R.E.); (P.E.); (Q.X.Y.)
| | - Rommy Elyan
- Department of Radiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (J.L.); (N.T.); (R.J.); (R.E.); (P.E.); (Q.X.Y.)
| | - Sangam Kanekar
- Department of Radiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (J.L.); (N.T.); (R.J.); (R.E.); (P.E.); (Q.X.Y.)
| | - Jianli Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (J.L.); (N.T.); (R.J.); (R.E.); (P.E.); (Q.X.Y.)
| | - Paul Eslinger
- Department of Radiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (J.L.); (N.T.); (R.J.); (R.E.); (P.E.); (Q.X.Y.)
- Department of Neurology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Qing X. Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (J.L.); (N.T.); (R.J.); (R.E.); (P.E.); (Q.X.Y.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Bing Zhang
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China;
| | - Prasanna R. Karunanayaka
- Department of Radiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (J.L.); (N.T.); (R.J.); (R.E.); (P.E.); (Q.X.Y.)
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-717-531-6069; Fax: +1-717-531-8486
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Yom S, Torres-Saavedra P, Caudell J, Waldron J, Gillison M, Truong M, Jordan R, Subramaniam R, Yao M, Chung C, Geiger J, Chan J, O'Sullivan B, Blakaj D, Mell L, Thorstad W, Jones C, Banerjee R, Lominska C, Le Q. NRG-HN002: A Randomized Phase II Trial for Patients With p16-Positive, Non-Smoking-Associated, Locoregionally Advanced Oropharyngeal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
Revegetation plantings are a key management tool for ecological restoration. Revegetation success is usually measured using ecological traits, however, genetic diversity should also be considered as it can influence fitness, adaptive capacity and long-term viability of revegetation plantings and ecosystem functioning. Here we review the global literature comparing genetic diversity in revegetation plantings to natural stands. Findings from 48 studies suggest variable genetic outcomes of revegetation, with 46% demonstrating higher genetic diversity in revegetation than natural stands and 52% demonstrating lower diversity. Levels of genetic diversity were most strongly associated with the number of source sites used-where information was available, 69% of studies showing higher genetic diversity in revegetation reported using multiple provenances, compared with only 33% for those with lower diversity. However, with a few exceptions, it was unclear whether differences in genetic diversity between revegetation and natural stands were statistically significant. This reflected insufficient reporting of statistical error and metadata within the published studies, which limited conclusions about factors contributing to patterns. Nonetheless, our findings indicate that mixed seed sourcing can contribute to higher genetic diversity in revegetation. Finally, we emphasize the type of metadata needed to determine factors influencing genetic diversity in revegetation and inform restoration efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Jordan
- CSIRO, Land and Water, Sandy Bay, Tasmania 7005, Australia
| | - Martin F Breed
- School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.,College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Suzanne M Prober
- CSIRO, Land and Water, Floreat, Western Australia 6014, Australia
| | - Adam D Miller
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Warrnambool, Victoria 3280, Australia.,Deakin Genomics Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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31
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Jordan R, Obmann M, Song B, Nikam S, Mariner D, Toy F, Lopez R. Hybrid approach to complex vascular injury secondary to blast induced scapulothoracic dissociation. Trauma Case Rep 2019; 23:100236. [PMID: 31453310 PMCID: PMC6702402 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2019.100236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Scapulothoracic dissociation is a rare but devastating injury complex involving high velocity blunt trauma to the osseous, muscular, neurologic, and vascular structures of the shoulder girdle. Often seen following a motor vehicle or motorcycle accident, this injury complex presents with vascular trauma in over 80% of cases. We present a unique case of scapulothoracic dissociation secondary to a self-inflicted shotgun wound to the shoulder, not previously reported in the literature. The patient presented in hemorrhagic shock, with an open wound to the chest, and a flaccid, pulseless left upper extremity. Imaging was consistent with subclavian artery transection with thrombosis. He underwent successful upper extremity revascularization with a hybrid approach including open wound exploration and endovascular repair of the subclavian artery. Furthermore, we review the diagnosis and treatment of scapulothoracic dissociation and discuss the safety of emerging hybrid vascular techniques in the management of subclavian and axillary vessel trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Jordan
- Geisinger Wyoming Valley, Department of Trauma Surgery, Department of Vascular Surgery, 1000 E. Mountain Blvd, Wilkes Barre, PA 18711, United States of America
| | - Melissa Obmann
- Geisinger Wyoming Valley, Department of Trauma Surgery, Department of Vascular Surgery, 1000 E. Mountain Blvd, Wilkes Barre, PA 18711, United States of America
| | - Boyoung Song
- Geisinger Wyoming Valley, Department of Trauma Surgery, Department of Vascular Surgery, 1000 E. Mountain Blvd, Wilkes Barre, PA 18711, United States of America
| | - Shivprasad Nikam
- Geisinger Wyoming Valley, Department of Trauma Surgery, Department of Vascular Surgery, 1000 E. Mountain Blvd, Wilkes Barre, PA 18711, United States of America
| | - David Mariner
- Geisinger Wyoming Valley, Department of Trauma Surgery, Department of Vascular Surgery, 1000 E. Mountain Blvd, Wilkes Barre, PA 18711, United States of America
| | - Frederick Toy
- Geisinger Wyoming Valley, Department of Trauma Surgery, Department of Vascular Surgery, 1000 E. Mountain Blvd, Wilkes Barre, PA 18711, United States of America
| | - Richard Lopez
- Geisinger Wyoming Valley, Department of Trauma Surgery, Department of Vascular Surgery, 1000 E. Mountain Blvd, Wilkes Barre, PA 18711, United States of America
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32
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Rebielak ME, Wolf MR, Jordan R, Oxenberg JC. Adrenocortical carcinoma arising from an adrenal adenoma in a young adult female. J Surg Case Rep 2019; 2019:rjz200. [PMID: 31308928 PMCID: PMC6622115 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjz200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy that often carries a poor prognosis whereas adrenal incidentalomas are relatively common findings on imaging. Although most adrenal lesions are benign, 15% of patients with ACC are diagnosed based on workup for an adrenal incidentaloma. Continued surveillance or surgical resection may be recommended depending on size. The risk of a benign, non-functional adrenal lesion becoming malignant is low. Therefore, adrenal lesions typically undergo surveillance for no more than 2 years in patients with stable findings and no history of malignancy. This case describes a young adult female with a benign left adrenal adenoma who was found to have high grade ACC 7 years later. Based on interval size increase with indeterminate density, patient underwent surgical resection with adjuvant radiation and medical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary R Wolf
- Surgical Oncology, Geisinger Wyoming Valley, Wilkes-Barre, USA
| | - Rebecca Jordan
- General Surgery, Geisinger Wyoming Valley, Wilkes-Barre, USA
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33
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Lu J, Testa N, Jordan R, Yang QS, Eslinger P, Karunanayaka P. P1-239: FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY BETWEEN THE OLFACTORY NETWORK AND THE HIPPOCAMPUS AS A BIOMARKER FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE DEGENERATION. Alzheimers Dement 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Lu
- The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine; Hershey PA USA
| | - Nicole Testa
- The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine; Hershey PA USA
| | - Rebecca Jordan
- The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine; Hershey PA USA
| | - Qing S. Yang
- The Pennsylvania State University - College of Medicine; Hershey PA USA
| | - Paul Eslinger
- The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine; Hershey PA USA
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Koochaki P, Revicki D, Wilson H, Pokrzywinski R, Jordan R, Lucas J. 080 Women’s Experiences With Bremelanotide Administered, On Demand, for the Treatment of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder. J Sex Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.03.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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35
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Clayton A, Simon J, Kingsberg S, Jordan R, Lucas J, Williams L, Krop J. 029 Bremelanotide for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorders in the RECONNECT Studies: Analysis of Baseline Free Testosterone Level Quartile Subgroups. J Sex Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.03.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Sharma C, Jordan R. Is adaptive learning the way forward? Med Teach 2019; 41:484-485. [PMID: 30235955 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2018.1513644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chetanya Sharma
- a Faculty of Medical Sciences , University College London , London , UK
| | - Rebecca Jordan
- a Faculty of Medical Sciences , University College London , London , UK
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37
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Clayton A, Kingsberg S, DeRogatis L, Simon J, Jordan R, Lucas J. 138 Bremelanotide for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder in the RECONNECT Study: Analysis of Co-Primary Endpoints According to Baseline FSFI Total Scores. J Sex Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.01.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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38
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Jordan R. Why addiction training fails. Med Teach 2018; 40:1313. [PMID: 30134752 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2018.1484078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Jordan
- a Medical Sciences Division , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 9DU , UK
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39
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Huang J, Hmelo-Silver CE, Jordan R, Gray S, Frensley T, Newman G, Stern MJ. Scientific discourse of citizen scientists: Models as a boundary object for collaborative problem solving. Computers in Human Behavior 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Espinel D, Jordan R, Pinoni V, Martinez J, Verbanaz S, giorgio P, Eusebio M, Navarro K, Bustos A, Becker V, Giovanakis M, Heine A, Efron E. A prospective study on active surveillance of bacterial colonization in oncohaematological patients and its association with bacteraemias. Int J Infect Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.3484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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41
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Herrera F, Laborde A, Rossi IR, Guerrini G, Jordan R, Valledor A, Nenna A, Costantini P, Dictar M, Caeiro J, Torres D, Ibañez MG, Vizcarra P, Palacios C, Carena A. Prognostic factors for 7-day and 30-day mortality during gram-negative bacteremia episodes in cancer and hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients. Int J Infect Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.3437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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42
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Koochaki P, Revicki D, Wilson H, Pokrzywinski R, Jordan R, Lucas J. 008 Bremelanotide provides meaningful treatment benefits for premenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder. J Sex Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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43
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Clayton A, Kingsberg S, Simon J, Jordan R, Lucas J. 007 Bremelanotide (BMT) for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD): efficacy analyses from the RECONNECT studies. J Sex Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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44
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Jordan R, Fukunaga I, Kollo M, Schaefer AT. Active Sampling State Dynamically Enhances Olfactory Bulb Odor Representation. Neuron 2018; 98:1214-1228.e5. [PMID: 29861286 PMCID: PMC6030445 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The olfactory bulb (OB) is the first site of synaptic odor information processing, yet a wealth of contextual and learned information has been described in its activity. To investigate the mechanistic basis of contextual modulation, we use whole-cell recordings to measure odor responses across rapid learning episodes in identified mitral/tufted cells (MTCs). Across these learning episodes, diverse response changes occur already during the first sniff cycle. Motivated mice develop active sniffing strategies across learning that robustly correspond to the odor response changes, resulting in enhanced odor representation. Evoking fast sniffing in different behavioral states demonstrates that response changes during active sampling exceed those predicted from feedforward input alone. Finally, response changes are highly correlated in tufted cells, but not mitral cells, indicating there are cell-type-specific effects on odor representation during active sampling. Altogether, we show that active sampling is strongly associated with enhanced OB responsiveness on rapid timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Jordan
- Neurophysiology of Behaviour Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 5AT, UK; Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Izumi Fukunaga
- Neurophysiology of Behaviour Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 5AT, UK; Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Mihaly Kollo
- Neurophysiology of Behaviour Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 5AT, UK; Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Andreas T Schaefer
- Neurophysiology of Behaviour Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 5AT, UK; Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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45
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Revicki D, Althof S, DeRogatis L, Kingsberg S, Wilson H, Jordan R, Lucas J. 002 Elements of Desire Questionnaire Assessment of Bremelanotide Efficacy for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder in the RECONNECT Study. J Sex Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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46
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Gottlieb J, Torres F, Haddad T, Dhillon G, Dilling D, Knoop C, Rampolla R, Walia R, Ahya V, Kessler R, Mason D, Budev M, Neurohr C, Glanville A, Jordan R, Porter D, McKevitt M, German P, Guo Y, Chien J, Watkins T, Zamora M. A Phase 2b Randomized Controlled Trial of Presatovir, an Oral RSV Fusion Inhibitor, for the Treatment of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in Lung Transplant (LT) Recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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47
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Olivera R, Moro LN, Jordan R, Pallarols N, Guglielminetti A, Luzzani C, Miriuka SG, Vichera G. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells as nuclear donors improve viability and health of cloned horses. Stem Cells Cloning 2018; 11:13-22. [PMID: 29497320 PMCID: PMC5818860 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s151763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Cell plasticity is crucial in cloning to allow an efficient nuclear reprogramming and healthy offspring. Hence, cells with high plasticity, such as multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), may be a promising alternative for horse cloning. In this study, we evaluated the use of bone marrow-MSCs (BM-MSCs) as nuclear donors in horse cloning, and we compared the in vitro and in vivo embryo development with respect to fibroblasts. Materials and methods Zona-free nuclear transfer was performed using BM-MSCs (MSC group, n=3432) or adult fibroblasts (AF group, n=4527). Embryos produced by artificial insemination (AI) recovered by uterine flushing and transferred to recipient mares were used as controls (AI group). Results Blastocyst development was higher in the MSC group than in the AF group (18.1% vs 10.9%, respectively; p<0.05). However, pregnancy rates and delivery rates were similar in both cloning groups, although they were lower than in the AI group (pregnancy rates: 17.7% [41/232] for MSC, 12.5% [37/297] for AF and 80.7% [71/88] for AI; delivery rates: 56.8% [21/37], 41.5% [17/41] and 90.1% [64/71], respectively). Remarkably, the gestation length of the AF group was significantly longer than the control (361.7±10.9 vs 333.9±8.7 days), in contrast to the MSC group (340.6±8.89 days). Of the total deliveries, 95.2% (20/21) of the MSC-foals were viable, compared to 52.9% (9/17) of the AF-foals (p<0.05). In addition, the AF-foals had more physiological abnormalities at birth than the MSC-foals; 90.5% (19/21) of the MSC-delivered foals were completely normal and healthy, compared to 35.3% (6/17) in the AF group. The abnormalities included flexural or angular limb deformities, umbilical cord enlargement, placental alterations and signs of syndrome of neonatal maladjustment, which were treated in most cases. Conclusion In summary, we obtained 29 viable cloned foals and found that MSCs are suitable donor cells in horse cloning. Even more, these cells could be more efficiently reprogrammed compared to fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Olivera
- KHEIRON S.A Laboratory, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L N Moro
- LIAN-Unit Associated with CONICET, FLENI, Belen de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R Jordan
- KHEIRON S.A Laboratory, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N Pallarols
- Kawell Equine Hospital, Solís, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - C Luzzani
- LIAN-Unit Associated with CONICET, FLENI, Belen de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S G Miriuka
- LIAN-Unit Associated with CONICET, FLENI, Belen de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G Vichera
- KHEIRON S.A Laboratory, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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48
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Clayton A, Kingsberg S, Simon J, Jordan R, Lucas J. 014 The Investigational Drug Bremelanotide for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD): Efficacy Analyses from the RECONNECT Studies. J Sex Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2017.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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49
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Arciero C, Somiari S, Shriver C, Brzeski H, Jordan R, Hu H, Ellsworth D, Somiari R. Functional Relationship and Gene Ontology Classification of Breast Cancer Biomarkers. Int J Biol Markers 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/172460080301800403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex disease that still imposes a significant healthcare burden on women worldwide. The etiology of breast cancer is not known but significant advances have been made in the area of early detection and treatment. The advent of advanced molecular biology techniques, mapping of the human genome and availability of high throughput genomic and proteomic strategies opens up new opportunities and will potentially lead to the discovery of novel biomarkers for early detection and prognostication of breast cancer. Currently, many biomarkers, particularly the hormonal and epidermal growth factor receptors, are being utilized for breast cancer prognosis. Unfortunately, none of the biomarkers in use have sufficient diagnostic, prognostic and/or predictive power across all categories and stages of breast cancer. It is recognized that more useful information can be generated if tumors are interrogated with multiple markers. But choosing the right combination of biomarkers is challenging, because 1) multiple pathways are involved, 2) up to 62 genes and their protein products are potentially involved in breast cancer-related mechanisms and 3) the more markers evaluated, the more the time and cost involved. This review summarizes the current literature on selected biomarkers for breast cancer, discusses the functional relationships, and groups the selected genes based on a Gene Ontology™ classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Arciero
- General Surgery Services, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington DC
- Windber Research Institute, Windber PA - USA
| | | | - C.D. Shriver
- General Surgery Services, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington DC
| | - H. Brzeski
- Windber Research Institute, Windber PA - USA
| | - R. Jordan
- Windber Research Institute, Windber PA - USA
| | - H. Hu
- Windber Research Institute, Windber PA - USA
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50
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Segaran E, Lovejoy TD, Proctor C, Bispham WL, Jordan R, Jenkins B, O'Neill E, Harkess SE, Terblanche M. Exploring fasting practices for critical care patients - A web-based survey of UK intensive care units. J Intensive Care Soc 2018; 19:188-195. [PMID: 30159009 DOI: 10.1177/1751143717748555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enteral nutrition delivery in the critically ill is frequently interrupted for surgical and airway procedures to avoid aspiration of stomach contents. Recurrent fasting leads to under delivery of enteral nutrition and this underfeeding is associated with worse outcomes. International fasting recommendations do not provide guidance for intubated patients receiving enteral nutrition. This study aimed to gain a detailed perspective of UK critical care fasting practices. Methods A web-based survey was sent to 232 UK intensive care units consisting of questions relating to fasting practices, presence of guidelines, average fasting times for common procedures and dietitian time per intensive care unit bed. Results A total of 176 intensive care units responded. Only 20% of units had guidelines and respondents stated that they were not consistently adhered to (mean compliance 66%). Units with greater dietetic involvement were more likely to have guidelines (p = 0.04). Fasting times were shorter for abdominal surgery (p = 0.002), non-abdominal surgery (p = 0.016) and radiology (p = 0.015) if a guideline was present. Fasting for extubation and tracheostomy was similar irrespective of the presence of a guideline. Considerable variation in fasting times was reported, usually due to inconsistencies in clinical decision-making. Conclusions This survey of national practice demonstrates that fasting times are varied and inconsistent, which may lead to under-delivery of enteral nutrition. More dietetic input was associated with increased likelihood of a fasting guideline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Segaran
- Nutrition and Dietetics, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.,Adult Intensive Care Unit, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Tracy D Lovejoy
- Nutrition and Dietetics, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.,Critical Care, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, UK
| | - Charlie Proctor
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Northwick Park & St Mark's Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Wendy L Bispham
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Jordan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Bethan Jenkins
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Eileen O'Neill
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland, UK
| | - Sarah Ej Harkess
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, County Durham and Darlington NHS Foundation Trust, Darlington, UK
| | - Marius Terblanche
- Division of Health and Social Care Research, School of Medicine & Life Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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