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Church PT, Banihani R, Thomas K, Luther M, Agnew B, Makino A, Lam‐Damji S, Fehlings D. Early identification and communication in cerebral palsy: Navigating a collaborative approach for neonatal follow-up programmes. Acta Paediatr 2025; 114:292-298. [PMID: 39400456 PMCID: PMC11706735 DOI: 10.1111/apa.17458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
AIM This article will provide a clinical case demonstrating the implementation of early identification and review the tools and findings and the diagnostic approach. We will review highlighted literature on the subject of communicating a diagnosis. While improved function is a critical goal, the process of communicating the diagnosis of CP can be challenging for both parents and providers. It aims to provide insights on the evidence supporting early identification and discusses strategies for effective communication of crucial information. METHODS The article reviews the literature on communication of a diagnosis. RESULTS Thirteen articles were identified relating to the communication of a diagnosis of CP and parent experience. We examine this evidence, leveraging the knowledge of an interdisciplinary team and incorporating feedback from parents. CONCLUSION Strategies for effective communication include engagement with families, community therapy teams and all medical providers. Consistent, individualised, collaborative communication is critical. Awareness of ableism and use of balanced, value-neutral terminology is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige Terrien Church
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterDepartment of NeonatologyBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of PediatricsHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences CenterDAN Women & Babies ProgramTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Rudaina Banihani
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences CenterDAN Women & Babies ProgramTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Karen Thomas
- Department of NeonatologyMcMaster Children's HospitalHamiltonOntarioCanada
- Department of Paediatrics, Michael DeGroote School of MedicineMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - Maureen Luther
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences CenterDAN Women & Babies ProgramTorontoOntarioCanada
| | | | - Amber Makino
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Bloorview Research InstituteTorontoOntarioCanada
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation HospitalTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Sophie Lam‐Damji
- Bloorview Research InstituteTorontoOntarioCanada
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation HospitalTorontoOntarioCanada
- School of Graduate Studies, Occupational Therapy ProgramUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Darcy Fehlings
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Bloorview Research InstituteTorontoOntarioCanada
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation HospitalTorontoOntarioCanada
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Sharma P, Kularatna S, Abell B, McPhail SM, Senanayake S. Preferences for Neurodevelopmental Follow-Up Care for Children: A Discrete Choice Experiment. THE PATIENT 2024; 17:645-662. [PMID: 39210193 PMCID: PMC11461776 DOI: 10.1007/s40271-024-00717-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Identifying and addressing neurodevelopmental delays in children can be challenging for families and the healthcare system. Delays in accessing services and early interventions are common. The design and delivery of these services, and associated outcomes for children, may be improved if service provision aligns with families' needs and preferences for receiving care. The aim of this study is to identify families' preferences for neurodevelopmental follow-up care for children using an established methodology. METHODS We used a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to elicit families' preferences. We collected data from families and caregivers of children with neurodevelopmental needs. The DCE process included four stages. In stage 1, we identified attributes and levels to be included in the DCE using literature review, interviews, and expert advice. The finalised attributes were location, mode of follow-up, out-of-pocket cost per visit, mental health counselling for parents, receiving educational information, managing appointments, and waiting time. In stage 2, we generated choice tasks that contained two alternatives and a 'neither' option for respondents to choose from, using a Bayesian d-efficient design. These choice tasks were compiled in a survey that also included demographic questions. We conducted pre- and pilot tests to ensure the functionality of the survey and obtain priors. In stage 3, the DCE survey was administered online. We received 301 responses. In stage 4, the analysis was conducted using a latent class model. Additionally, we estimated the relative importance of attributes and performed a scenario analysis. RESULTS Two latent classes were observed. More families with full-time employees, higher incomes, postgraduate degrees, and those living in metropolitan areas were in class 1 compared with class 2. Class 1 families preferred accessing local public health clinics, face-to-face follow-up, paying AUD100 to AUD500, mental health support, group educational activities, health service-initiated appointments, and waiting < 3 months. Class 2 families disliked city hospitals when compared with private, preferred paying AUD100 or no cost, and had similar preferences regarding mental health support and wait times as class 1. However, no significant differences were noted in follow-up modality, receiving educational information, and appointment management. The relative importance estimation suggested that location was most important for class 1 (28%), whereas for class 2, cost accounted for nearly half of the importance when selecting an alternative. The expected uptake of follow-up care, estimated under three different hypothetical scenarios, may increase by approximately 24% for class 2 if an 'ideal' scenario taking into account preferences was implemented. CONCLUSION This study offers insights into aspects that may be prioritised by health services and policymakers to improve the design and delivery of neurodevelopmental follow-up care for children. The findings may enhance the organisation and functioning of existing care programmes; and therefore, improve the long-term outcomes of children with neurodevelopmental needs and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakhi Sharma
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia.
| | - Sanjeewa Kularatna
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bridget Abell
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Steven M McPhail
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
- Digital Health and Informatics Directorate, Metro South Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sameera Senanayake
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Almosallam A, Qureshi AZ, Alzahrani B, AlSultan S, Alzubaidi WI, Alsanad A. Caregiver Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior toward Care of Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Saudi Arabian Perspective. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:982. [PMID: 38786393 PMCID: PMC11121316 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12100982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The care of children with cerebral palsy (CP) requires a complex system of care that is not only dependent on health care resources, but is also strongly influenced by social and cultural attributes. Hence, it is important to explore the understanding and practices of caregivers within a regional perspective. This study was conducted to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and behavior (KAB) of parents with children diagnosed with CP in Saudi Arabia. A cross sectional survey was conducted on the caregivers of children with CP admitted for inpatient rehabilitation between October 2023 to January 2024. A total of 216 caregivers participated in this survey. About 82.9% of caregivers were the mothers of CP children, half (50.5%) were ≤36 years old, 53.7% were highly educated, and 89.2% lived in urban areas. More than half of the participants (57.7%) owned their homes. Regarding children, spastic quadriplegia was the most common type (46.3% of cases). Overall, the participants recorded good values for all variables for KAB. The mean value for attitude was higher (2.67 ± 0.20) when compared to behavior (2.49 ± 0.36) and knowledge (2.46 ± 0.25). Participants who had children with spastic quadriplegia CP reported lower behavior scores than their peers. Strategies with a special emphasis on improving the behaviors of caregivers for children with quadriplegia need to be adapted. Similarly, the living situations of families need to be taken into consideration given its significant association with the attitude of caregivers. A considerable lack of knowledge in handling emergency situations by caregivers signifies a gap in care, which could have potentially life-threatening consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Almosallam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Zaheer Qureshi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11525, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bashayer Alzahrani
- Department of Mental Health, Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Humanitarian City, Riyadh 13571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultanh AlSultan
- Department of Patient Experience, Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Humanitarian City, Riyadh 13571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waad Ibrahim Alzubaidi
- Department of Research and Scientific Center, Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Humanitarian City, Riyadh 13571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud Alsanad
- Department of Patient Affairs, Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Humanitarian City, Riyadh 13571, Saudi Arabia
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Sharma P, Kularatna S, Abell B, Eagleson K, Vo LK, Halahakone U, Senanayake S, McPhail SM. Preferences in the Design and Delivery of Neurodevelopmental Follow-Up Care for Children: A Systematic Review of Discrete Choice Experiments. Patient Prefer Adherence 2023; 17:2325-2341. [PMID: 37745632 PMCID: PMC10517687 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s425578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders are a significant cause of morbidity. Early detection of neurodevelopmental delay is essential for timely diagnosis and intervention, and it is therefore important to understand the preferences of parents and clinicians for engaging with neurodevelopmental surveillance and follow-up care. Discrete choice experiment (DCE) may be an appropriate method for quantifying these preferences. This review systematically examined how DCEs have been designed and delivered in studies examining neurodevelopmental care of children and identified the preferred attributes that have been reported. PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Scopus databases were systematically searched. Studies were included if they used DCE to elicit preferences for a neurodevelopmental follow-up program for children. Two independent reviewers conducted the title and abstract and full-text screening. Risk of bias was assessed using a DCE-specific checklist. Findings were presented using a narrative synthesis. A total of 6618 records were identified and 16 papers were included. Orthogonal (n=5) and efficient (n=5) experimental designs were common. There was inconsistent reporting of design-related features. Analysis was primarily completed using mixed logit (n=6) or multinomial logit (n=3) models. Several key attributes for neurodevelopmental follow-up care were identified including social, behavioral and emotional support, therapy, waiting time, and out-of-pocket costs. DCE has been successfully used as a preference elicitation method for neurodevelopmental-related care. There is scope for improvement in the design and analysis of DCE in this field. Nonetheless, attributes identified in these studies are likely to be important considerations in the design and implementation of programs for neurodevelopmental care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakhi Sharma
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sanjeewa Kularatna
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Bridget Abell
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Karen Eagleson
- Queensland Paediatric Cardiac Service, Queensland Children’s Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Linh K Vo
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ureni Halahakone
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sameera Senanayake
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Steven M McPhail
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Digital Health and Informatics Directorate, Metro South Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Noritz G, Davidson L, Steingass K. Providing a Primary Care Medical Home for Children and Youth With Cerebral Palsy. Pediatrics 2022; 150:e2022060055. [PMID: 36404756 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-060055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disorder of childhood, with prevalence estimates ranging from 1.5 to 4 in 1000 live births. This clinical report seeks to provide primary care physicians with guidance to detect children with CP; collaborate with specialists in treating the patient; manage associated medical, developmental, and behavioral problems; and provide general medical care to their patients with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garey Noritz
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Lynn Davidson
- The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Katherine Steingass
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and
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te Velde A, Morgan C, Novak I, Tantsis E, Badawi N. Early Diagnosis and Classification of Cerebral Palsy: An Historical Perspective and Barriers to an Early Diagnosis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1599. [PMID: 31623303 PMCID: PMC6832653 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the 1800s, there have been calls in the literature for the early diagnosis of cerebral palsy (CP). However, diagnosis still often occurs late, from 12 to 24 months in high income countries and as late as 5 years in low resource settings. This is after the optimal timeframe for applying interventions which could harness neuroplastic potential in the developing brain. Multiple barriers exist which affect clinicians' confidence in diagnosing CP early. These range from the lack of definitive biomarkers to a lack of curative treatments for CP. Further barriers to diagnosis are proposed including; (a) difficulty finding a congruent fit with the definition of CP in an infant, where expected activity limitations might not yet be apparent; and (b) differences in the presentation of motor type and topography classifications between infants and children. These barriers may affect a clinicians' confidence using "pattern recognition" in the differential diagnosis process. One of the central tenets of this paper is that diagnosis and classification are different, involving different instruments, and are more accurately conducted separately in infants, whereas they are fundamentally interconnected in older children and inform therapeutic decisions. Furthermore, we need to be careful not to delay early diagnosis because of the low reliability of early classification, but instead uncouple these two processes. Ongoing implementation of best practice for early detection requires creative solutions which might include universal screening for CP. Implementation and accompanying knowledge translation studies are underway to decrease the average age of diagnosis in CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna te Velde
- Cerebral Palsy Alliance, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia.
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2145, Australia.
| | - Catherine Morgan
- Cerebral Palsy Alliance, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia.
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2145, Australia.
| | - Iona Novak
- Cerebral Palsy Alliance, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia.
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2145, Australia.
| | - Esther Tantsis
- TJ Nelson Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales 2145, Australia.
| | - Nadia Badawi
- Cerebral Palsy Alliance, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia.
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2145, Australia.
- The Grace Centre for Newborn Intensive Care, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Hawkesbury Road, Westmead NSW 2145, Australia.
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Valentine J, Davidson SA, Bear N, Blair E, Ward R, Thornton A, Stannage K, Watson L, Forbes D, Elliott C. Botulinum toxin and surgical intervention in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: who, when and why do we treat? Disabil Rehabil 2019; 43:936-943. [PMID: 31415723 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1644381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This audit aimed to increase understanding of the long-term outcomes of evidence-based medical and surgical interventions to improve gross motor function in children and adolescents with Cerebral Palsy. METHODS Retrospective audit of a birth cohort (2000-2009) attending a tertiary service in Western Australia. RESULTS The cohort comprises 771 patients aged 8 to 17 years. Percentage of children receiving no Botulinum Toxin treatments in each Gross Motor Functional Classification System level was: I: 40%, II: 26%, III: 33%, IV: 28% and V: 46%. Of the total cohort, 53% of children received 4 or less Botulinum Toxin treatments and 3.7% received more than 20 treatments. Statistically significant difference in the rate of use of Botulinum Toxin pre and post-surgery (p < 0.001) was documented. Children levels IV and V had 5 times the odds of surgery compared to children levels I-III (Odds Ratio 5.2, 95% Confidence Interval 3.5 to 7.8, p < 0.001). For 578 (75%) of participants the last recorded level was the same as the first. CONCLUSION This audit documents medical intervention by age and Gross Motor Functional Classification System level in a large cohort of children with cerebral palsy over time and confirms stability of the level in the majority.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONThe information from this audit may be of use in discussions with families regarding the timing and use of Botulinum toxin and surgical intervention for motor function in children and adolescents with Cerebral Palsy.Long term use of Botulinum Toxin within an integrated evidence-based clinical program is not associated with loss of gross motor function in the long term as evidenced by the maintenance of Gross Motor Functional Classification System stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Valentine
- School of Medicine University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Sue-Anne Davidson
- Department of Paediatric Rehabilitation, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Natasha Bear
- Department of Child Research, Child Adolescent Health Service, Perth, Australia
| | - Eve Blair
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
| | - Roslyn Ward
- School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Ashleigh Thornton
- School of Medicine University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Katherine Stannage
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Linda Watson
- WA Register of Developmental Anomalies, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, Australia
| | | | - Catherine Elliott
- School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Mobility and self-care trajectories for individuals with cerebral palsy (aged 1–21 years): a joint longitudinal analysis of cohort data from the Netherlands and Canada. THE LANCET CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH 2019; 3:548-557. [DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(19)30122-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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O'Connor B, Kerr C, Shields N, Adair B, Imms C. Steering towards collaborative assessment: a qualitative study of parents' experiences of evidence-based assessment practices for their child with cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil 2019; 43:458-467. [PMID: 31230482 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1629652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand parents' experiences of evidence-based assessment by health professionals for their child with cerebral palsy. METHODS A qualitative interpretive description study was undertaken. Primary carers of children with cerebral palsy (aged 3-18 years) from south-eastern Australia were invited to participate. Face-to-face interviews were held using a semi-structured topic guide and data analyzed inductively. Credibility was ensured through: journal reflections; co-author review; audit trail; and, participant member-checking. RESULTS Fourteen parents of children with cerebral palsy, representing Gross Motor Functional Classification System levels I-V, participated. Six themes emerged: (1) Protection; (2) Positively Framed; (3) Bridging the Gap; (4) Involvement; (5) Finding Worth; and (6) Trust. Central to parents' experience was protection of their child's identity and personal self. Assessment can be emotionally confronting, at any stage. Representing the child positively and highlighting possibilities was deemed essential. Parents' involvement ranged from being overlooked spectators to being instigators of assessment. Evidence-based assessment was worthwhile when relevant to parents' direction and family context. The researchers' interpretive description generated a schema and metaphor-the Steering Wheel for Collaborative Assessment. CONCLUSIONS A strengths-based approach to diagnosis and assessment is essential. The resulting interpretive description may assist health professionals align evidence-based assessment practices with family-centred care.Implications for rehabilitationParents of children who have cerebral palsy describe having to protect their child's identity and representation, and their own personal well-being, through evidence-based assessment and diagnostic processes.Involving parents in the process of evidence-based assessment and adopting a strengths-based approach is essential.The interpretive description developed-the Steering Wheel for Collaborative Assessment-may assist health professionals to implement evidence-based assessment tools in ways consistent with family-centred care principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget O'Connor
- School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Claire Kerr
- School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Nora Shields
- School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brooke Adair
- Centre for Disability and Development Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christine Imms
- Centre for Disability and Development Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
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Brunton L. The Gross Motor Function Classification System: clinicians need to spread the word. Dev Med Child Neurol 2018; 60:1197-1198. [PMID: 30187925 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Brunton
- School of Physical Therapy, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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