1
|
Nogueira LC, Quinto JHS, Trivellato PFB, Sverzut CE, Trivellato AE. Epidemiological Study of Frontal Sinus Fractures: Evaluation of 16 Years of Care at the Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto/Brazil. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2024; 23:371-379. [PMID: 38601249 PMCID: PMC11001839 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-022-01765-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Aiming to evaluate and study the epidemiological profile of frontal sinus fractures treated in the region of Ribeirão Preto-Brazil. Methods Sixteen years of activity in the Oral and Maxillofacial service of the Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto/SP (FORP/USP), totaling 9,736 consultations, 4,524 with facial fractures, those diagnosed with frontal sinus fracture (113) were evaluated and selected for the study. Results Frontal sinus fractures accounted for 2.5% of facial fractures, the majority occurring in men (89.4%), concentrated in the age group 21-30 years old, with 52.2% of cases being caused by road traffic accidents (RTA). Associations with other facial fractures are common and appeared in 75.2% of cases. Treatment was followed either surgically, by open reduction internal fixation (52.2%) or conservatively (35.4%). Analyzing only the 28 isolated frontal sinus fractures, the most common treatment was conservative (46.4%). surgical treatment dropped to 25%. The most common postoperative complications were temporal branch paralysis and supraorbital nerve paresthesia, both occurring in 30.5% of surgical cases. Conclusion The frequency of frontal sinus fractures may be decreasing, but the pattern of occurrence in young men due to road traffic accidents does not seem to change, fortunately the appearance of serious complications is not common and it is usually associated with more severe trauma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Costa Nogueira
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av Do Café, S/nCampus USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, CEP: 14040-904 Brazil
| | - José Henrique Santana Quinto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av Do Café, S/nCampus USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, CEP: 14040-904 Brazil
| | - Priscila Faleiros Bertelli Trivellato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av Do Café, S/nCampus USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, CEP: 14040-904 Brazil
| | - Cássio Edvard Sverzut
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av Do Café, S/nCampus USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, CEP: 14040-904 Brazil
| | - Alexandre Elias Trivellato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av Do Café, S/nCampus USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, CEP: 14040-904 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Benassi CM, de Assis Santos VP, Spagnol G, Ferraz EP, Luz JGC. The profile of patients with maxillofacial trauma due to interpersonal violence treated in a hospital emergency room. Dent Traumatol 2024; 40:35-43. [PMID: 37694974 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study evaluated records of patients with maxillofacial trauma due to interpersonal violence (IPV) being treated in the emergency room of a level I trauma center hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data of patients with maxillofacial trauma due to IPV recorded between January 2019 and December 2019 were retrospectively examined. Personal data, days on which they experienced IPV, and the type of maxillofacial trauma sustained were extracted and statistically analyzed (p < .050). RESULTS During the analysis, 1034 patients with maxillofacial trauma were identified; of these patients, 292 (28.2%) who experienced trauma due to IPV were included in this study. There was a mean age of 32.6 years and the most common type of trauma was soft tissue injuries (38.7%). Mandible and nose fractures were more prevalent in males and females, respectively. Our data, when compared with other studies on maxillofacial trauma due to IPV, showed a lower prevalence and male-to-female ratio, and a higher presence of dentoalveolar trauma. Additionally, our data when compared with studies on maxillofacial trauma due to other causes showed lower mean age and male-to-female ratios, and a higher occurrence of nose fractures differing from the predominance of mandibular fractures. CONCLUSION Oral and maxillofacial surgeons must be able to suspect and identify cases due to IPV among their patients with trauma. With our results, although each case has its individuality, we can suggest that cases of maxillofacial trauma in young, female, and nasal fracture patients may be suspicious for IPV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Maciel Benassi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Paes de Assis Santos
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital M. Dr. Arthur R. de Saboya, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Spagnol
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital M. Dr. Arthur R. de Saboya, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emanuela Prado Ferraz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Gualberto C Luz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Adeleke AI, Hlongwa M, Makhunga S, Ginindza TG. Epidemiology of maxillofacial injury among adults in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review. Inj Epidemiol 2023; 10:58. [PMID: 37968736 PMCID: PMC10652446 DOI: 10.1186/s40621-023-00470-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injuries remain one of the leading causes of death globally. These disproportionately affect young adults and are particularly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Maxillofacial injuries (MI) pose significant challenges to public health systems. However, much remains unknown regarding the epidemiology and extent of the financial burden in resource-limited areas, such as SSA, further necessitating more research and support. This scoping review aims to investigate the mechanism, distribution, and financial impact of MI in adults aged ≥ 18 years in SSA. MAIN BODY The scoping review was guided by the methodological frameworks of Arksey and O'Malley and Levac. An electronic literature search for English-published articles on maxillofacial injuries in adults ≥ 18 years was conducted in Scopus, Medline, PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, and grey literature. The PRISMA chart was used to document database searches and screening outcomes while reporting was guided by PRISMA-ScR. The data extraction process revolved around the predefined study outcomes, which encompassed the study characteristics and epidemiological parameters. The review used a narrative approach to report findings and evaluate publication quality using the STROBE checklist. The database search yielded 8246 studies, of which 30 met the inclusion criteria. A total of 7317 participants were included, 79.3% of whom were males. The peak age range for incidence was between 18 and 40 years. Road traffic collision (RTC) was the leading cause of MI, 59% of which resulted from motorcycle collisions. Assault/interpersonal violence ranked as the second leading cause of MI. The mandible was MI's most frequently affected hard tissue, followed by the midface. Factors such as alcohol/illicit drug use, poor knowledge of traffic regulations, and non-observance of these regulations were associated with MI. In our study, the cost range for mandibular fractures was $200-$468.6, borne by victims and their families. CONCLUSIONS Maxillofacial injuries are predominantly caused by road traffic collisions and assaults in SSA. The findings can provide valuable insights into policy decisions and prevention strategies aimed at reducing injury burden. Further research is warranted to explore the psychological impact of MI, including PTSD, for tailored support and intervention. Scoping Review Registration The protocol has been registered on the Open Science Framework. Registration DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/BWVDK .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adekunle I Adeleke
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Mazisi Kunene Road, Durban, 4041, South Africa.
| | - Mbuzeleni Hlongwa
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Mazisi Kunene Road, Durban, 4041, South Africa
- Public Health, Societies, and Belonging, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sizwe Makhunga
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Mazisi Kunene Road, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Themba G Ginindza
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Mazisi Kunene Road, Durban, 4041, South Africa
- Cancer and Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit (CIDERU), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Arroyo Bote S, Bennasar Verges C, Ribas-Perez D, Rodriguez Menacho D, Villalva Hernandez-Franch P, Barbero Navarro I, Castaño Séiquer A. Complications Arising from Dental Trauma Incurred from Falls Involving Geriatric Patients: A Case Report. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3021. [PMID: 37835764 PMCID: PMC10571958 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13193021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Elderly patients have a high incidence of falls that result in facial injuries. Many cases present with dental crown fractures and soft-tissue lacerations. The initial diagnosis is especially important in this type of dental trauma, since an initial error can result in the failure to establish the correct treatment from the very beginning, worsening the prognosis, which, in the worst case, can compromise the teeth affected by the trauma. Case report: We present the case of a patient, a 79-year-old woman, who suffered an accidental fall. The patient was examined by a dentist in the emergency room. She was diagnosed with a simple crown fracture of the right upper central incisor and right upper lateral incisor without any pulpal involvement and with laceration of the lower lip. Months later, she had an episode of inflammation in the lower lip, and she developed edema and pain. An X-ray of the lower lip revealed a radiopaque mass compatible with a fragment of dental tissue due to the inclusion of remnants of the dental tissue resulting from the previous accident fall. Conclusions: The population of geriatric patients is steadily increasing in our society, and a higher frequency of falls has been observed in this age group, affecting the maxillofacial region, with consequent dental trauma on many occasions. Therefore, as professionals, we must pay special attention to the prevention and treatment of this problem, insisting on the importance of routine investigation in the emergency visit for dental trauma, which includes a meticulous examination of the soft tissues accompanied by a radiographic examination, when the inclusion of foreign bodies is suspected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David Ribas-Perez
- Department of Stomatology, University of Seville, 41001 Seville, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mao J, Li X, Cao K, Xue J, Wang M, Yan D, Zhou Z. Epidemiology of maxillofacial fractures in northwest China: an 11-year retrospective study of 2240 patients. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:313. [PMID: 37221520 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological pattern of maxillofacial fractures in northwestern China by retrospectively analysing the demographics, aetiologies, concomitant injuries, fracture sites, and management. METHODS A 10-year retrospective analysis of 2240 patients with maxillofacial fractures admitted to the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University was conducted. The extracted data included sex, age, aetiology, fracture site, concomitant injuries, time of treatment, therapeutic approaches and complications. Statistical analyses were performed, including descriptive analysis and the chi-square test. Logistic regression was used to determine the impact factors of maxillofacial fractures and concomitant injuries. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS The age of the included patients ranged from 1 to 85 years, and the mean age was 35.88 ± 15.69 years. The male-to-female ratio was 3.9:1. The most frequent aetiology of maxillofacial fractures was road traffic accidents (RTAs) (56.3%), and the most common fracture sites were the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus, arcus zygomaticus and mandibular body. A total of 1147 patients (51.2%) were affected by concomitant injuries, with craniocerebral injury being the most common. Logistic regression analyses revealed increased risks of mid-facial fractures in elderly individuals (odds ratio (OR) = 1.029, P < 0.001) and females (OR = 0.719, P = 0.005). Younger patients had a higher risk of mandibular fractures (OR = 0.973, P < 0.001). RTAs increased the risk for mid-facial fractures and high falls increased the risk for mandibular fractures. CONCLUSIONS The maxillofacial fracture pattern is correlated with sex, age and aetiology. Patients were mainly young and middle-aged males, and the main cause of injury was RTAs, mostly causing compound fractures. Medical staff must be systematically educated to comprehensively examine patients with injuries resulting from RTAs. The management of patients with fractures requires thorough consideration of the patient's age, aetiology, fracture site, and concomitant injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Mao
- Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160, Sheng Li South Road, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of Dental and Endodontic Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, No. 804, Sheng Li South Road, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, P.R. China
| | - Kun Cao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, No. 804, Sheng Li South Road, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, P.R. China
| | - Jiawen Xue
- Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160, Sheng Li South Road, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, P.R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Eighth People's Hospital of Jinan, No. 68, Xin Xing Road, Jinan, 271100, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Di Yan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, No. 804, Sheng Li South Road, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, P.R. China
| | - Zhongwei Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, No. 804, Sheng Li South Road, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Patterns and Characteristics of Midface Fractures in North-Eastern Romania. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 59:medicina59030510. [PMID: 36984511 PMCID: PMC10051088 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Midface fractures are common injuries that are the result of interpersonal violence, traffic accidents, falls, work-related accidents, sports-related accidents, or animal aggression. In the northeastern part of Romania, these injuries are a significant health concern that, if left untreated, may lead to functional and esthetic sequelae. Background and Objectives: This study aims to update the statistical data available to help promote a different lifestyle, with awareness campaigns to prevent aggression, accidents, and domestic violence. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted over five years and included 651 patients of both sexes, with ages between 3 and 95 years, that addressed our center for midface fracture treatment. Results: The authors of this study found that men are more predisposed to fractures of the middle third of the face, with anterior laterofacial fractures being the most common type of fracture. Interpersonal violence was the most incriminated etiology for all midface fractures. Conclusions: The present study regarding midfacial fractures shows similar results compared to the medical literature. These findings could help promote a different lifestyle, with awareness campaigns to prevent aggression, accidents, and domestic violence.
Collapse
|
7
|
Xavier TB, Silva Meira CL, Rodrigues de Lemos JG, Lacerda de Souza L, Ferreira DP, de Vasconcelos Macedo D, Monnazzi MS, Neto NC, Rebelo Pontes HA. Evaluation of the SEVERITY of FACIAL and GENERAL TRAUMA in child and adolescent victims of traffic accidents. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12680. [PMID: 36685385 PMCID: PMC9853304 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
•Evaluation of the FISS and TRISS SpO2 to obtain greater rigor in a standardized epidemiological profile of injury severity.•More accurate determination of trauma severity in child and adolescent victims of traffic accidents for improved urgency and emergency care.•Relation between the scales allows for better decisions on patient hospitalization, adequate treatment and the prevention of irreversible injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Brito Xavier
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clarina Louis Silva Meira
- Service of Oral Pathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Lacerda de Souza
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Pacheco Ferreira
- Service of Oral Pathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Diogo de Vasconcelos Macedo
- Diagnosis and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Silva Monnazzi
- Diagnosis and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nicolau Conte Neto
- Service of Oral Pathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Hélder Antônio Rebelo Pontes
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mashayekhian M, Farhang Ranjbar M, Maleki S, Samieirad S, Salehi A, Alizadeh O, Dadmehr S. Etiology, Epidemiology, and Treatment Type of Maxillofacial Traumas in Razavi Khorasan Province with Certain Insurance between 2016 and 2021. World J Plast Surg 2023; 12:83-89. [PMID: 38226193 PMCID: PMC10788110 DOI: 10.61186/wjps.12.3.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Trauma is a leading cause of death and disability in developing countries, with maxillofacial fractures being a significant part of such cases. This study focuses on maxillofacial traumas among insured patients in Razavi Khorasan province (2016-2021), exploring the impact of gender, age, and trauma causes on injury prevalence and treatment approaches. Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study utilized the records of the patients who were treated for maxillofacial fractures in Mashhad Shahid Kamyab Hospital or a Private Trauma Center, from 2016 to 2021. Demographic characteristics of the patients (age and gender), educational backgrounds of surgeons, accident causes, year and location of the fractures, and reasons for referrals were recorded. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 20, and the significance level was set at 0.05. Results We examined the records of 60 patients (44 males, 16 females). Males (73.4%) exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of maxillofacial traumas compared to females (26%) (P Value < 0.05). Falling was identified as the most common cause of fractures (51.7%), followed by impacts from hard objects and motor vehicle accidents (MVA) (P Value = 0.63). Mandible fractures were observed in 48% of patients, followed by zygomaticomaxillary and panfacial fractures, subsequently (P Value < 0.05). Conclusion The study findings highlight the impact of age, gender, and trauma causes on maxillofacial fractures and treatments among patients with certain insurance. Understanding the origins and patterns of these fractures offers crucial insights for shaping effective health policies, providing valuable guidance for addressing such injuries in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mashayekhian
- Research Center for Trauma in Police Operations, Directorate of Health, Rescue & Treatment, Police Headquarter, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehri Farhang Ranjbar
- Research Center for Trauma in Police Operations, Directorate of Health, Rescue & Treatment, Police Headquarter, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeidreza Maleki
- Research Center for Trauma in Police Operations, Directorate of Health, Rescue & Treatment, Police Headquarter, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahand Samieirad
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Armaghan Salehi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Alizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saleh Dadmehr
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Barreto SBL, Castro GG, Carvalho CN, Ferreira MC. Cases of Maxillofacial Trauma Treated at Hospitals in a Large City in Northeastern Brazil: Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16999. [PMID: 36554879 PMCID: PMC9778779 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Maxillofacial trauma is associated with facial deformation, loss of function, emotional and social impacts, and high financial costs. This study investigated cases of maxillofacial trauma in a large Brazilian city through a cross-sectional study conducted at two public and two private hospitals. Primary data of 400 patients were collected through a questionnaire, clinical examination, and tomography. Statistical analysis at the 5% significance level was performed. Motorcycle accident was the major cause of trauma (41%); the most frequent trauma and treatment were mandibular fracture (24.3%) and surgery (71%), respectively. The female sex was more affected only regarding domestic accidents (p = 0.041) and falls (p < 0.001). Motorcycle accidents were more prevalent among 20 to 29 year-olds (p < 0.001), followed by physical aggression (p < 0.001) and sports accidents (p = 0.004). Falls were more frequent among 40 to 59 year-olds (p < 0.001). Mandibular fracture affected males and 20 to 29 year-olds more and was mainly associated with motorcycle accidents (48.2%) and physical aggression (22.7%) (p = 0.008). Nose fracture was more frequent in falls (29.6%), physical aggression (22.5%), and sports accidents (21.1%) (p < 0.001). Compound fracture was associated with motorcycle accidents (84.2%; p = 0.028). Maxillofacial trauma (mandibular, nasal, and zygomatic fractures) was associated with motorcycle accidents, physical aggression, and falls. Surgical treatment, hospital care, and public services were the most frequent.
Collapse
|
10
|
World Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma (WORMAT) project: A multicenter prospective analysis of epidemiology and patterns of maxillofacial trauma around the world. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2022; 123:e849-e857. [PMID: 35545192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The World Oral Maxillofacial Trauma (WORMAT) project was performed to analyze the causes and characteristics of maxillofacial fractures managed in 14 maxillofacial surgery divisions over a 1-year period. METHODS The following data were collected: age, sex, cause and mechanism of maxillofacial fracture, alcohol and/or drug abuse at the time of trauma, fracture site, Facial Injury Severity Scale score (FISS), associated injury, day of trauma, timing and type of treatment, and length of hospitalization. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. RESULTS Between 30 September 2019 and 4 October 2020, 2,387 patients (1,825 males and 562 females [ratio 3.2:1], 47.6% aged 20-39 years [mean age 37.2 years, median 33.0 years]) were hospitalised. The main cause of maxillofacial fracture was road traffic accidents (RTA), which were statistically associated with male adults as like as assault, sport, and work (p<0,05). Half of the fractures involved the middle third of the face, statistically associated with fall and assault (p<0.05). Trauma in multiple locations was significantly associated with longer hospital stay (p<0.05). The mean length of hospitalization was 3.9 days (95% Confidence Interval 3.7-4.2). CONCLUSIONS This prospective, multicenter epidemiological study confirmed that young adult males were the ones most commonly affected by maxillofacial fracture. RTAs and assaults are statistically associated with the adult population, while falls are associated with females and older population.
Collapse
|
11
|
Khan TU, Rahat S, Khan ZA, Shahid L, Banouri SS, Muhammad N. Etiology and pattern of maxillofacial trauma. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275515. [PMID: 36174089 PMCID: PMC9522305 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Maxillofacial trauma can be limited to superficial lacerations, abrasions, and facial bone fractures. The objective of this study was to determine the etiology, pattern, and predictors of soft tissue and bony injuries. Materials and methods This study was conducted in the department of maxillofacial surgery Lady Reading hospital Pakistan from Jan 2019 to June 2021. The nonprobability consecutive sampling technique was used for the selection of patients. All patients were assessed clinically and radiologically. The neurosensory examination was done for any altered sensation, anesthesia, or paresthesia. Motor nerve function was also assessed clinically. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. The etiology and pattern of maxillofacial trauma were stratified among age and genders using the chi-square test to see effect modifiers. Tests for regression analysis were also applied. P≤0.05 was considered significant. Results A total of 253 patients meeting inclusion criteria were included in this study. The majority of these patients were males, 223 (88.1%), while only 30 (11.9%) were females. The mean age for the group was 25.4 ± 12.6 years. RTAs were the most common causes of trauma (63.6%) followed by assault (15.0%), falls (11.5%), FAIs (5.9%), and sports (0.4%). The most vulnerable skeletal part was the mandible (22.9%) followed by Zygoma (7.1%), significantly predicted by RTAs. Soft tissue laceration analysis showed a high frequency of multiple lacerations (38%) significantly predicted by FAIs. The frequency of trigeminal nerve injury was 5.5% (14 patients) and that of the facial nerve was 1.6% (4 patients). The strongest association of nerve injury was with firearm injury (47%), followed by road traffic accidents and sports injuries. Conclusion Road traffic accident was the most common etiological factor and mandible fracture was commonly predicted by RTA. Trigeminal nerve injuries were common, frequency of nerve injuries was highly associated with mandible fracture and was predicted by FAI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Ullah Khan
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lady Reading Hospital Medical Teaching Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan
- * E-mail: (TUK); (NM)
| | - Saima Rahat
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lady Reading Hospital Medical Teaching Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Ali Khan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laima Shahid
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lady Reading Hospital Medical Teaching Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Sabahat Banouri
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lady Reading Hospital Medical Teaching Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Nawshad Muhammad
- Department of Dental Materials, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
- * E-mail: (TUK); (NM)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Porto DE, da Silva Barbirato D, Cavalcanti AL, de Souza Andrade ES. Pattern of oral and maxillofacial trauma and associated factors: An 8-year prospective study. Dent Traumatol 2022; 38:356-366. [PMID: 35583858 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Oral and maxillofacial trauma (OMFT) is a public health problem due to its high occurrence and demand for resources for its management and the financial and social impact of OMFT victims on the health system. The aim of this study was to conduct an 8-year prospective analysis of OMFT cases from an emergency service. MATERIALS AND METHODS A hospital-based 8-year prospective study on OMFT and associated factors was performed on data from December 2011 to December 2019. Data regarding sociodemographic (gender, age, and skin color) and socio-economic profiles (educational level, family income, and occupation), OMFT profile (etiology, OMFT type, and treatment), associated factors [alcohol consumption and personal protective equipment (PPE) use], OMFT occurrence (injury day and hour), length of hospital stay, and cost were collected. Descriptive and inferential analyses of data were performed. RESULTS Most OMFT cases involved men with low schooling and family income, resulting from traffic accidents. OMFT severity was associated with longer hospital stay, higher hospital costs and nonuse of PPE, midface fractures (mainly orbital-zygomatic fractures), closed reduction, and open reduction/internal fixation. Traffic accidents were the main cause of longer hospital stays for victims aged 41-60 years with better socio-economic status compared with cases that had higher hospital costs. In general, higher hospital costs were associated with victims of violence under 40 years of age, with low schooling and farmers. Alcohol consumption and non-use of PPE also contributed to increasing the length of hospital stay. CONCLUSION Oral and maxillofacial trauma severity was associated with longer hospital stay and higher hospital costs. Associated factors such as alcohol consumption and non-use of PPE contributed to increase the length of hospital stay and OMFT severity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damião Edgleys Porto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Davi da Silva Barbirato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sattar N, Rabia Rahat Gillani S, Erkin M, Khan M, Abbas M, Khurshid Khattak N. Role of environmental and occupational factors in fall-related maxillofacial fractures. Clin Exp Dent Res 2022; 8:737-741. [PMID: 35362673 PMCID: PMC9209790 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and patterns of maxillofacial fractures in falls due to environmental and occupational reasons. Material and Methods One hundred and nineteen patients were included in this study who presented to the department of Oral and maxillofacial surgery at Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar. The duration of study was 3 years from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019. Demographic data such as age, gender and data environmental or occupational etiology of falls and pattern of fractures was noted in a customized Performa after detailed history, clinical and radiographic examination. Patients of maxillofacial fractures resulting due to falls with age ranging from 16 to 64 years were included. Those cases of falls that presented with systemic diseases or had chances of pathological fractures were excluded from the study. Results Male population was affected more than females (60% vs. 39.4%). The mean age was 32.39 SD ± 16.031. Falls due to environmental factors were more common than occupational factors (81.5% vs 18.5%). Fracture of midface was more common (57.1%) than fracture of mandible (36.7%) in patients of falls. 5.5% had both midface and mandible fractures. Conclusion We concluded that Environmental and work‐related facial fractures in falls are common in third and fourth decade of life. Falls due to stumbling, tripping and slipping, falls from height and falls from stairs most commonly result in midface fractures. Mandible fractures are commonly seen in sportsmen and laborers. Preventive strategies shall be adopted to prevent morbidity and mortality associated with such injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nigam Sattar
- Department of Oral Surgery, IIDC, Riphah International University, Islamabad
| | | | - Mahiwsh Erkin
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shifa College of Dentistry, Islamabad
| | - Muslim Khan
- Department of Oral Surgery, Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lee CC, Caruso DP, Wang TT, Hajibandeh JT, Peacock ZS. Mandibular Fracture Repair in Older Adults: Is Age Associated with Adverse Outcomes? J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022; 80:1040-1052. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2022.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
15
|
Stanbouly D, Chuang SK. What Are the Risk Factors of Incurring Maxillofacial Fractures From Unarmed Hand-To-Hand Combat? J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 80:481-489. [PMID: 34748772 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of our study was to determine the risk factors of incurring maxillofacial fractures among individuals who engage in unarmed hand-to-hand combat. METHODS The following retrospective cohort study was competed using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. The primary predictor variable was blood alcohol level. The primary outcome variable maxillofacial fracture. We used SPSS to conduct all statistical analyses. RESULTS Our final sample consisted of 9,441 patients injured from unarmed hand-to-hand combat. The mean age of the sample was 38.7 years. The most common age group was young adults (42.9%), followed closely by middle-aged adults (41.9%). The number of males was nearly 4 times that of females. The mandible was the most frequently fractured maxillofacial bone. Concerning the mandible per se, the angle (37.1%) was the most frequently fractured site, while the coronoid process (0.2%) was the least frequently fractured site. Relative to females, males were 2.7 times more likely to incur a craniomaxillofacial fracture (P < .5). CONCLUSIONS Males had an increased risk of maxillofacial fracture relative to females. The mandible, particularly the angle, was the most frequently fractured maxillofacial bone. We speculate this is because hooks are frequently thrown in unarmed hand-to-hand combat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dani Stanbouly
- Dental Student, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Sung-Kiang Chuang
- Clinical Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Private Practice, Brockton Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Inc.; Attending, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Good Samaritan Medical Center, Brockton, MA; Visiting Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gülses A, Klingauf L, Emmert M, Karayürek F, Naujokat H, Acil Y, Wiltfang J, Spille J. Injury patterns and outcomes in bicycle-related maxillofacial traumata: A retrospective analysis of 162 cases. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2021; 50:70-75. [PMID: 34620537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2021.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the current study is to retrospectively evaluate cycling related dental and maxillofacial injuries and to gain insight into the epidemiology and results of these accidents. Data of patients who were admitted due to the maxillofacial injuries between April 2018 and September 2020 were retrospectively evaluated regarding the patients' characteristics, helmet wearing, type of radiological assessment required for diagnosis and therapy, injury patterns, duration of hospitalization and concomitant injuries. Data of 162 patients were included. 86 (53.08%) patients presented with at least one maxillofacial fracture. A total of 186 maxillofacial bones were fractured. Zygomatico-maxillary complex was the most commonly affected region (n:103, 55,36%). Analysis of the dental traumata revealed that crown fracture without pulp exposure was the most commonly observed entity (n:37, 32.46%) and upper central incisors (n:61, 53.50%) were the most commonly affected teeth. The overall ratio of the number of the fracture line/fracture case was 2.80. However, this ratio was statistically higher in e-bike cases (4.25) compared to non-e-bike riders (2.34) (p:0.014). Bicycle related maxillofacial injuries could correlate with specific morbidity rates and result in severe injuries of the maxillofacial region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aydin Gülses
- Christian Albrechts University, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UKSH- Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Livia Klingauf
- Christian Albrechts University, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UKSH- Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marie Emmert
- Christian Albrechts University, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UKSH- Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Fatih Karayürek
- Cankiri Karatekin University, Department of Periodontology, Cankiri, Turkey
| | - Hendrik Naujokat
- Christian Albrechts University, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UKSH- Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Yahya Acil
- Christian Albrechts University, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UKSH- Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jörg Wiltfang
- Christian Albrechts University, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UKSH- Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Johannes Spille
- Christian Albrechts University, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UKSH- Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Analysis of Factors Affecting Quality of Life in Patients Treated for Maxillofacial Fractures. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 17:ijerph17010004. [PMID: 31861285 PMCID: PMC6981460 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Maxillofacial fractures (MFF) belong to the major modern medicine and public health concerns. The recovery from MFF is associated with a number of social problems. The patient’s mood may be affected by the change in self-image and lack of satisfaction with life, in many cases leading to a deepening of mental health disorders, resulting in alcoholism, loss of job or conflicts in the area of family life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life of patients with MFF, with respect to demographic and medical variables. The mean age of the 227 patients was 36 years. The mandible was the most frequent MFF location (52.9%), followed by the zygomatic bone (30.8%) then the maxilla (16.3%). Bone fracture displacement occurred in 79.3% of patients. A comminuted fracture was found in 71% of patients. The quality of life of patients with MFF was significantly better in all analyzed domains 3 months after the end of hospitalization compared to the initial survey carried out shortly after implementation of the treatment. Among the demographic variables, older age had a statistically significant but weak positive association with the improvement of the quality of life of respondents in General health perception domain.
Collapse
|