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Ravigné V, Rodrigues LR, Charlery de la Masselière M, Facon B, Kuczyński L, Radwan J, Skoracka A, Magalhães S. Understanding the joint evolution of dispersal and host specialisation using phytophagous arthropods as a model group. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:219-237. [PMID: 37724465 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Theory generally predicts that host specialisation and dispersal should evolve jointly. Indeed, many models predict that specialists should be poor dispersers to avoid landing on unsuitable hosts while generalists will have high dispersal abilities. Phytophagous arthropods are an excellent group to test this prediction, given extensive variation in their host range and dispersal abilities. Here, we explore the degree to which the empirical literature on this group is in accordance with theoretical predictions. We first briefly outline the theoretical reasons to expect such a correlation. We then report empirical studies that measured both dispersal and the degree of specialisation in phytophagous arthropods. We find a correlation between dispersal and levels of specialisation in some studies, but with wide variation in this result. We then review theoretical attributes of species and environment that may blur this correlation, namely environmental grain, temporal heterogeneity, habitat selection, genetic architecture, and coevolution between plants and herbivores. We argue that theoretical models fail to account for important aspects, such as phenotypic plasticity and the impact of selective forces stemming from other biotic interactions, on both dispersal and specialisation. Next, we review empirical caveats in the study of this interplay. We find that studies use different measures of both dispersal and specialisation, hampering comparisons. Moreover, several studies do not provide independent measures of these two traits. Finally, variation in these traits may occur at scales that are not being considered. We conclude that this correlation is likely not to be expected from large-scale comparative analyses as it is highly context dependent and should not be considered in isolation from the factors that modulate it, such as environmental scale and heterogeneity, intrinsic traits or biotic interactions. A stronger crosstalk between theoretical and empirical studies is needed to understand better the prevalence and basis of the correlation between dispersal and specialisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Ravigné
- CIRAD, UMR PHIM, - PHIM, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, TA A-120/K, Campus international de Baillarguet, avenue du Campus d'Agropolis, Montpellier Cedex 5, 34398, France
| | - Leonor R Rodrigues
- cE3c: Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Departamento Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, edifício C2, Lisboa, 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Maud Charlery de la Masselière
- cE3c: Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Departamento Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, edifício C2, Lisboa, 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Benoît Facon
- CBGP, INRAE, IRD, CIRAD, Institut Agro, University of Montpellier, 755 avenue du Campus Agropolis, CS 34988, Montferrier sur Lez cedex, 30016, France
| | - Lechosław Kuczyński
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań, 61-614, Poland
| | - Jacek Radwan
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań, 61-614, Poland
| | - Anna Skoracka
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań, 61-614, Poland
| | - Sara Magalhães
- cE3c: Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Departamento Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, edifício C2, Lisboa, 1749-016, Portugal
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2
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Capp J, Thomas F, Marusyk A, M. Dujon A, Tissot S, Gatenby R, Roche B, Ujvari B, DeGregori J, Brown JS, Nedelcu AM. The paradox of cooperation among selfish cancer cells. Evol Appl 2023; 16:1239-1256. [PMID: 37492150 PMCID: PMC10363833 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
It is traditionally assumed that during cancer development, tumor cells abort their initially cooperative behavior (i.e., cheat) in favor of evolutionary strategies designed solely to enhance their own fitness (i.e., a "selfish" life style) at the expense of that of the multicellular organism. However, the growth and progress of solid tumors can also involve cooperation among these presumed selfish cells (which, by definition, should be noncooperative) and with stromal cells. The ultimate and proximate reasons behind this paradox are not fully understood. Here, in the light of current theories on the evolution of cooperation, we discuss the possible evolutionary mechanisms that could explain the apparent cooperative behaviors among selfish malignant cells. In addition to the most classical explanations for cooperation in cancer and in general (by-product mutualism, kin selection, direct reciprocity, indirect reciprocity, network reciprocity, group selection), we propose the idea that "greenbeard" effects are relevant to explaining some cooperative behaviors in cancer. Also, we discuss the possibility that malignant cooperative cells express or co-opt cooperative traits normally expressed by healthy cells. We provide examples where considerations of these processes could help understand tumorigenesis and metastasis and argue that this framework provides novel insights into cancer biology and potential strategies for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean‐Pascal Capp
- Toulouse Biotechnology InstituteUniversity of Toulouse, INSA, CNRS, INRAEToulouseFrance
| | - Frédéric Thomas
- CREEC, MIVEGECUniversity of Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
| | - Andriy Marusyk
- Department of Cancer PhysiologyH Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Antoine M. Dujon
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | - Sophie Tissot
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Robert Gatenby
- Department of Cancer PhysiologyH Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Benjamin Roche
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Beata Ujvari
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | - James DeGregori
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Joel S. Brown
- Department of Cancer PhysiologyH Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Aurora M. Nedelcu
- Department of BiologyUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickCanada
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3
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Laska A, Rector BG, Przychodzka A, Majer A, Zalewska K, Kuczynski L, Skoracka A. Do mites eat and run? A systematic review of feeding and dispersal strategies. Zool J Linn Soc 2023. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Dispersal is an important process affecting the survival of organisms and the structure and dynamics of communities and ecosystems in space and time. It is a multiphase phenomenon influenced by many internal and external factors. Dispersal syndromes can be complicated, but they are vital to our knowledge of the biology of any organism. We analysed dispersal ability in mites (Acariformes and Parasitiformes), a highly diverse group of wingless arthropods, taking into consideration various modes of dispersal, feeding strategies, body size and the number of articles published for each species. Based on 174 articles summarized for this study, it appears that mites are opportunistic when it comes to dispersal, regardless of their feeding habits, and are often able to adopt several different strategies as needs arise. Moreover, we find a significant positive relationship between the amount of research effort that was put into studying a given species and the number of modes of dispersal that were described. The most salient conclusion to be drawn from this positive correlation is that additional studies are needed, especially on a broader set of mite taxa, until the aforementioned correlation is no longer demonstrably significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Laska
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickewicz University , Poznań , Poland
| | - Brian G Rector
- United States Department of Agricuture, Agriculture Research Service, Great Basin Rangelands Research Unit , Reno, NV , USA
| | - Anna Przychodzka
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickewicz University , Poznań , Poland
| | - Agnieszka Majer
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickewicz University , Poznań , Poland
| | - Kamila Zalewska
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickewicz University , Poznań , Poland
| | - Lechosław Kuczynski
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickewicz University , Poznań , Poland
| | - Anna Skoracka
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickewicz University , Poznań , Poland
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McFarlane S, Manseau M, Jones TB, Pouliot D, Mastromonaco G, Pittoello G, Wilson PJ. Identification of familial networks reveals sex-specific density dependence in the dispersal and reproductive success of an endangered ungulate. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.956834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Density is an important demographic parameter that is commonly overlooked in studies of wild populations. Here, we examined the effects of variable spatially explicit density on a range of demographic parameters in a wild population of a cryptic ungulate, boreal woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou). Using non-invasive genetic sampling, we applied spatial capture–recapture methods with landscape covariates to estimate the density of boreal woodland caribou across a 108,806 km2 study area. We then created a familial network from the reconstructed parent–offspring relationships to determine whether spatial density influenced sex-specific individual reproductive success, female pregnancy status, and dispersal distance. We found that animal density varied greatly in response to land cover types and disturbance; animal density was most influenced by landscape composition and distance to roads varying from 0 in areas with >20% deciduous cover to 270 caribou per 1,000 km2 in areas presenting contiguous older coniferous cover. We found that both male and female reproductive success varied with density, with males showing a higher probability of having offspring in higher-density areas, and the opposite for females. No differences were found in female pregnancy rates occurring in high- and low-density areas. Dispersal distances varied with density, with offspring moving shorter distances when parents were found in higher-density areas. Familial networks showed lower-closeness centrality and lower-degree centrality for females in higher-density areas, indicating that females found in higher-density areas tend to be less broadly associated with animals across the range. Although high-density areas do reflect good-quality caribou habitat, the observed decreased closeness and degree centrality measures, dispersal rates, and lower female recruitment rates suggest that remnant habitat patches across the landscape may create population sinks.
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Zhang K, Zhang ZQ. Social context during ontogeny affects cannibalism and kin recognition of the predatory mite Amblyseius herbicolus at different life stages. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2022; 88:317-328. [PMID: 36434489 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-022-00764-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cannibalism is commonly found among phytoseiids at almost all mobile life stages. The avoidance of kin cannibalism in the presence of non-kin has been observed in a limited number of phytoseiid species. However, studies examining kin recognition by individuals at different life stages are limited. Early experience with conspecifics can alter individuals' social behaviour at later stages. In this study, we examined the influence of ontogenetic isolation on cannibalism and kin recognition by the predatory mite Amblyseius herbicolus (Chant) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) at different life stages. In a choice test, A. herbicolus protonymphs, deutonymphs, pre-ovipositional adults, and ovipositional adults were used as predators, and larvae (siblings vs. non-siblings) were given as prey. Two rearing treatments were applied to the predators to generate different social experience during ontogeny: reared in isolation or in pairs with ad libitum mixed stages of Carpoglyphus lactis (Acari: Carpoglyphidae). Social experience with siblings during ontogeny significantly reduced the cannibalism rate. Despite the social experience during ontogeny, protonymphs, deutonymphs, and pre-ovipositional adults did not discriminate siblings from non-siblings during cannibalism. The discrimination behaviour between siblings and non-siblings of A. herbicolus occurred after adults became ovipositional. We hypothesize that A. herbicolus adults could learn the characteristics of their larvae through the contact with and assessment of their eggs during oviposition. The result of this study shows that kin discrimination could be phase-specific. Future studies can investigate if contact with non-kin (or non-sibling) eggs and subsequently hatching larvae can influence the discrimination ability of ovipositional adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshi Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, 1010, Auckland, New Zealand
- Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, 231 Morrin Road, 1072, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zhi-Qiang Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, 1010, Auckland, New Zealand.
- Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, 231 Morrin Road, 1072, Auckland, New Zealand.
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6
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Clark EI, Bitume EV, Bean DW, Stahlke AR, Hohenlohe PA, Hufbauer RA. Evolution of reproductive life‐history and dispersal traits during the range expansion of a biological control agent. Evol Appl 2022; 15:2089-2099. [DOI: 10.1111/eva.13502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eliza I. Clark
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Department of Agricultural Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | - Ellyn V. Bitume
- Pacific Southwest Research Station Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, USDA Forest Service Hilo Hawaii USA
| | - Dan W. Bean
- Colorado Department of Agriculture Palisade Insectary Palisade Colorado USA
| | - Amanda R. Stahlke
- Initiative for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, Department of Biological Sciences University of Idaho Moscow Idaho USA
- Bee Research Laboratory USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center Beltsville Maryland USA
| | - Paul A. Hohenlohe
- Initiative for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, Department of Biological Sciences University of Idaho Moscow Idaho USA
| | - Ruth A. Hufbauer
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Department of Agricultural Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
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Kreuzinger‐Janik B, Gansfort B, Traunspurger W, Ptatscheck C. It's all about food: Environmental factors cause species‐specific dispersal. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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8
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Addis BR, Lowe WH. Environmentally associated variation in dispersal distance affects inbreeding risk in a stream salamander. Am Nat 2022; 200:802-814. [DOI: 10.1086/721763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Bisschop K, Kortenbosch HH, van Eldijk TJB, Mallon CA, Salles JF, Bonte D, Etienne RS. Microbiome Heritability and Its Role in Adaptation of Hosts to Novel Resources. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:703183. [PMID: 35865927 PMCID: PMC9296072 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.703183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbiomes are involved in most vital processes, such as immune response, detoxification, and digestion and are thereby elementary to organismal functioning and ultimately the host’s fitness. In turn, the microbiome may be influenced by the host and by the host’s environment. To understand microbiome dynamics during the process of adaptation to new resources, we performed an evolutionary experiment with the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. We generated genetically depleted strains of the two-spotted spider mite and reared them on their ancestral host plant and two novel host plants for approximately 12 generations. The use of genetically depleted strains reduced the magnitude of genetic adaptation of the spider mite host to the new resource and, hence, allowed for better detection of signals of adaptation via the microbiome. During the course of adaptation, we tested spider mite performance (number of eggs laid and longevity) and characterized the bacterial component of its microbiome (16S rRNA gene sequencing) to determine: (1) whether the bacterial communities were shaped by mite ancestry or plant environment and (2) whether the spider mites’ performance and microbiome composition were related. We found that spider mite performance on the novel host plants was clearly correlated with microbiome composition. Because our results show that only little of the total variation in the microbiome can be explained by the properties of the host (spider mite) and the environment (plant species) we studied, we argue that the bacterial community within hosts could be valuable for understanding a species’ performance on multiple resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bisschop
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit (TEREC), Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kortrijk, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Karen Bisschop,
| | - Hylke H. Kortenbosch
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Timo J. B. van Eldijk
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Cyrus A. Mallon
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Joana F. Salles
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Dries Bonte
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit (TEREC), Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rampal S. Etienne
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Revynthi AM, Verkleij D, Janssen A, Egas M. Artificial selection for timing of dispersal in predatory mites yields lines that differ in prey exploitation strategies. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8760. [PMID: 35356587 PMCID: PMC8939366 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dispersal is the main determinant of the dynamics and persistence of predator–prey metapopulations. When defining dispersal as a predator exploitation strategy, theory predicts the existence of a continuum of strategies: from some dispersal throughout the predator–prey interaction (the Milker strategy) to dispersal only after the prey had been exterminated (the Killer strategy). These dispersal strategies relate to differences in prey exploitation at the population level, with more dispersal leading to longer predator–prey interaction times and higher cumulative numbers of dispersing predators. In the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis, empirical studies have shown genetic variation for prey exploitation as well as for the timing of aerial dispersal in the presence of prey. Here, we test whether artificial selection for lines that differ in timing of dispersal also results in these lines differing in prey exploitation. Six rounds of selection for early or late dispersal resulted in predator lines displaying earlier or later dispersal. Moreover, it resulted—at the population level—in predicted differences in the local predator–prey interaction time and in the cumulative numbers of dispersers in a population dynamics experiment. We pose that timing of dispersal is a heritable trait that can be selected in P. persimilis, which results in lines that show quantitative differences in local predator–prey dynamics. This opens ways to experimentally investigate the evolution of alternative prey exploitation strategies and to select for predator strains with prey exploitation strategies resulting in better biological control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M. Revynthi
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Entomology and Nematology Tropical Research and Education Center University of Florida Homestead Florida USA
| | - Dirk Verkleij
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Arne Janssen
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Entomology Federal University of Viçosa Viçosa Brazil
| | - Martijn Egas
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
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11
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Schausberger P, Yano S, Sato Y. Cooperative Behaviors in Group-Living Spider Mites. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.745036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cooperative behaviors are evolutionary stable if the direct and/or indirect fitness benefits exceed the costs of helping. Here we discuss cooperation and behaviors akin to cooperation in subsocial group-living species of two genera of herbivorous spider mites (Tetranychidae), i.e., the largely polyphagous Tetranychus spp. and the nest-building Stigmaeopsis spp., which are specialized on grasses, such as bamboo. These spider mites are distributed in patches on various spatial scales, that is, within and among leaves of individual host plants and among individual hosts of single or multiple plant species. Group-living of spider mites is brought about by plant-colonizing foundresses ovipositing at local feeding sites and natal site fidelity, and by multiple individuals aggregating in the same site in response to direct and/or indirect cues, many of which are associated with webbing. In the case of the former, emerging patches are often composed of genetically closely related individuals, while in the case of the latter, local patches may consist of kin of various degrees and/or non-kin and even heterospecific spider mites. We describe and discuss ultimate and proximate aspects of cooperation by spider mites in host plant colonization and exploitation, dispersal, anti-predator behavior, and nesting-associated behaviors and conclude with theoretical and practical considerations of future research on cooperation in these highly rewarding model animals.
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12
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Laska A, Magalhães S, Lewandowski M, Puchalska E, Karpicka-Ignatowska K, Radwańska A, Meagher S, Kuczyński L, Skoracka A. A sink host allows a specialist herbivore to persist in a seasonal source. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20211604. [PMID: 34465242 PMCID: PMC8437026 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.1604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In seasonal environments, sinks that are more persistent than sources may serve as temporal stepping stones for specialists. However, this possibility has to our knowledge, not been demonstrated to date, as such environments are thought to select for generalists, and the role of sinks, both in the field and in the laboratory, is difficult to document. Here, we used laboratory experiments to show that herbivorous arthropods associated with seasonally absent main (source) habitats can endure on a suboptimal (sink) host for several generations, albeit with a negative growth rate. Additionally, they dispersed towards this host less often than towards the main host and accepted it less often than the main host. Finally, repeated experimental evolution attempts revealed no adaptation to the suboptimal host. Nevertheless, field observations showed that arthropods are found in suboptimal habitats when the main habitat is unavailable. Together, these results show that evolutionary rescue in the suboptimal habitat is not possible. Instead, the sink habitat functions as a temporal stepping stone, allowing for the persistence of a specialist when the source habitat is gone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Laska
- Population Ecology Laboratory, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Sara Magalhães
- cE3c, Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Edifício C2, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mariusz Lewandowski
- Section of Applied Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Puchalska
- Section of Applied Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamila Karpicka-Ignatowska
- Population Ecology Laboratory, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Radwańska
- Population Ecology Laboratory, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Shawn Meagher
- Department of Biological Sciences, Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL 61455, USA
| | - Lechosław Kuczyński
- Population Ecology Laboratory, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Skoracka
- Population Ecology Laboratory, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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13
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Parmentier T, Claus R, De Laender F, Bonte D. Moving apart together: co-movement of a symbiont community and their ant host, and its importance for community assembly. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2021; 9:25. [PMID: 34020716 PMCID: PMC8140472 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-021-00259-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Species interactions may affect spatial dynamics when the movement of one species is determined by the presence of another one. The most direct species-dependence of dispersal is vectored, usually cross-kingdom, movement of immobile parasites, diseases or seeds by mobile animals. Joint movements of species should, however, not be vectored by definition, as even mobile species are predicted to move together when they are tightly connected in symbiont communities. METHODS We studied concerted movements in a diverse and heterogeneous community of arthropods (myrmecophiles) associated with red wood ants. We questioned whether joint-movement strategies eventually determine and speed-up community succession. RESULTS We recorded an astonishingly high number of obligate myrmecophiles outside red wood ant nests. They preferentially co-moved with the host ants as the highest densities were found in locations with the highest density of foraging red wood ants, such as along the network of ant trails. These observations suggest that myrmecophiles resort to the host to move away from the nest, and this to a much higher extent than hitherto anticipated. Interestingly, functional groups of symbionts displayed different dispersal kernels, with predatory myrmecophiles moving more frequently and further from the nest than detritivorous myrmecophiles. We discovered that myrmecophile diversity was lower in newly founded nests than in mature red wood ant nests. Most myrmecophiles, however, were able to colonize new nests fast suggesting that the heterogeneity in mobility does not affect community assembly. CONCLUSIONS We show that co-movement is not restricted to tight parasitic, or cross-kingdom interactions. Movement in social insect symbiont communities may be heterogeneous and functional group-dependent, but clearly affected by host movement. Ultimately, this co-movement leads to directional movement and allows a fast colonisation of new patches, but not in a predictable way. This study highlights the importance of spatial dynamics of local and regional networks in symbiont metacommunities, of which those of symbionts of social insects are prime examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Parmentier
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit (TEREC), Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.
- Research Unit of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Namur Institute of Complex Systems, and Institute of Life, Earth, and the Environment, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium.
| | - R Claus
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit (TEREC), Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - F De Laender
- Research Unit of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Namur Institute of Complex Systems, and Institute of Life, Earth, and the Environment, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - D Bonte
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit (TEREC), Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
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14
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Mortier F, Masier S, Bonte D. Genetically diverse populations spread faster in benign but not in challenging environments. Ecology 2021; 102:e03345. [PMID: 33742440 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Population spread from a limited pool of founding propagules is at the basis of biological invasions. The size and genetic variation of these propagules eventually affect whether the invasion is successful or not. The inevitable bottleneck at introduction decreases genetic diversity, and therefore should affect population growth and spread. However, many heavily bottlenecked invasive populations have been successful in nature. Negative effects of a genetic bottleneck are typically considered to be relaxed in benign environments because of a release from stress. Despite its relevance to understand and predict invasions, empirical evidence on the role of genetic diversity in relation to habitat quality is largely lacking. We use the mite Tetranychus urticae Koch as a model to experimentally assess spread rate and size of genetically depleted inbred populations vs. enriched mixed populations. This was assessed in replicated linear patch systems consisting of benign (bean), challenging (tomato), or a gradient (bean to tomato) habitat. As expected, we found no effect of genetic diversity on population size in benign habitat but found that it increased population size in challenging habitat. However, we found that population spread rates were increased due to genetic diversity in the benign but not in the challenging habitat. Additionally, variance in spread was consistently higher in genetically poor populations and highest in the challenging habitat. Our experiment challenges the general view that a bottleneck in genetic variation decreases invasion success in challenging but not benign environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Mortier
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Stefano Masier
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Dries Bonte
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
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15
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Vitt S, Hiller J, Thünken T. Intrasexual selection: Kin competition increases male-male territorial aggression in a monogamous cichlid fish. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:11183-11191. [PMID: 33144958 PMCID: PMC7593200 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
During intrasexual competition, individuals of the same sex compete for access to breeding sites and mating partners, often accompanied by aggressive behavior. Kin selection theory predicts different kin-directed social interactions ranging from cooperation to aggression depending on the context and the resource in question. Kin competition reducing indirect fitness might be avoided by actively expelling relatives from territories and by showing higher aggression against kin. The West-African cichlid Pelvicachromis taeniatus is a monogamous cave breeder with males occupying and defending breeding sites against rivals. This species is capable of kin recognition and shows kin-preference during juvenile shoaling and mate choice. However, subadults of P. taeniatus seem to avoid the proximity of same-sex kin. In the present study, we examined territorial aggression of territory holders against intruding related and unrelated males as well as intruder's behavior. We observed higher aggression among related competitors suggesting that related males are less tolerated as neighbors. Avoidance of intrasexual competition with relatives might increase indirect fitness of males in monogamous species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Vitt
- Institute for Evolutionary Biology and EcologyUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Jenny Hiller
- Institute for Evolutionary Biology and EcologyUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Timo Thünken
- Institute for Evolutionary Biology and EcologyUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
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16
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Mishra A, Chakraborty PP, Dey S. Dispersal evolution diminishes the negative density dependence in dispersal. Evolution 2020; 74:2149-2157. [PMID: 32725620 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In many organisms, dispersal varies with the local population density. Such patterns of density-dependent dispersal (DDD) are expected to shape the dynamics, spatial spread, and invasiveness of populations. Despite their ecological importance, empirical evidence for the evolution of DDD patterns remains extremely scarce. This is especially relevant because rapid evolution of dispersal traits has now been empirically confirmed in several taxa. Changes in DDD of dispersing populations could help clarify not only the role of DDD in dispersal evolution, but also the possible pattern of subsequent range expansion. Here, we investigate the relationship between dispersal evolution and DDD using a long-term experimental evolution study on Drosophila melanogaster. We compared the DDD patterns of four dispersal-selected populations and their non-selected controls. The control populations showed negative DDD, which was stronger in females than in males. In contrast, the dispersal-selected populations showed DDD, where neither males nor females exhibited DDD. We compare our results with previous evolutionary predictions that focused largely on positive DDD, and highlight how the direction of evolutionary change depends on the initial DDD pattern of a population. Finally, we discuss the implications of DDD evolution for spatial ecology and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Mishra
- Population Biology Laboratory, Biology Division, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Pune, 411 008, India
| | - Partha Pratim Chakraborty
- Population Biology Laboratory, Biology Division, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Pune, 411 008, India.,Current Address: Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Sutirth Dey
- Population Biology Laboratory, Biology Division, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Pune, 411 008, India
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17
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Bisschop K, Mortier F, Bonte D, Etienne RS. Performance in a novel environment subject to ghost competition. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8931. [PMID: 32391198 PMCID: PMC7195835 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A central tenet of the evolutionary theory of communities is that competition impacts evolutionary processes such as local adaptation. Species in a community exert a selection pressure on other species and may drive them to extinction. We know, however, very little about the influence of unsuccessful or ghost species on the evolutionary dynamics within the community. Methods Here we report the long-term influence of a ghost competitor on the performance of a more successful species using experimental evolution. We transferred the spider mite Tetranychus urticae onto a novel host plant under initial presence or absence of a competing species, the congeneric mite T. ludeni. Results The competitor species, T. ludeni, unintentionally went extinct soon after the start of the experiment, but we nevertheless completed the experiment and found that the early competitive pressure of this ghost competitor positively affected the performance (i.e., fecundity) of the surviving species, T. urticae. This effect on T. urticae lasted for at least 25 generations. Discussion Our study suggests that early experienced selection pressures can exert a persistent evolutionary signal on species’ performance in novel environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bisschop
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Biology, Universiteit Gent, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Dries Bonte
- Department of Biology, Universiteit Gent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rampal S Etienne
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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18
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Harman RR, Goddard J, Shivaji R, Cronin JT. Frequency of Occurrence and Population-Dynamic Consequences of Different Forms of Density-Dependent Emigration. Am Nat 2020; 195:851-867. [DOI: 10.1086/708156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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19
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Renault D. A Review of the Phenotypic Traits Associated with Insect Dispersal Polymorphism, and Experimental Designs for Sorting out Resident and Disperser Phenotypes. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11040214. [PMID: 32235446 PMCID: PMC7240479 DOI: 10.3390/insects11040214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Dispersal represents a key life-history trait with several implications for the fitness of organisms, population dynamics and resilience, local adaptation, meta-population dynamics, range shifting, and biological invasions. Plastic and evolutionary changes of dispersal traits have been intensively studied over the past decades in entomology, in particular in wing-dimorphic insects for which literature reviews are available. Importantly, dispersal polymorphism also exists in wing-monomorphic and wingless insects, and except for butterflies, fewer syntheses are available. In this perspective, by integrating the very latest research in the fast moving field of insect dispersal ecology, this review article provides an overview of our current knowledge of dispersal polymorphism in insects. In a first part, some of the most often used experimental methodologies for the separation of dispersers and residents in wing-monomorphic and wingless insects are presented. Then, the existing knowledge on the morphological and life-history trait differences between resident and disperser phenotypes is synthetized. In a last part, the effects of range expansion on dispersal traits and performance is examined, in particular for insects from range edges and invasion fronts. Finally, some research perspectives are proposed in the last part of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Renault
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution) UMR 6553, F-35000 Rennes, France; ; Tel.: +33-(0)2-2323-6627
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 Rue Descartes, 75231 Paris CEDEX 05, France
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20
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Thünken T, Hesse S, Meuthen D. Increased Levels of Perceived Competition Decrease Juvenile Kin-Shoaling Preferences in a Cichlid Fish. Am Nat 2020; 195:868-875. [PMID: 32364789 DOI: 10.1086/707747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Inclusive fitness theory predicts that individuals can increase their indirect fitness by grouping with kin. However, kin grouping also increases competition between kin, which potentially outweighs its benefits. The level of kin competition is contingent on environmental conditions and thus highly variable. Hence, individuals should benefit from plastically adjusting kin discrimination according to the expected level of kin competition. Here, we investigate whether perceived high competition affects juvenile kin-shoaling preferences in the cichlid Pelvicachromis taeniatus. Juveniles were given the choice between two shoals consisting of either kin or nonkin. Levels of perceived competition were manipulated through food limitation in the face of the differential energy expenditure of differently sized fish. The preference to shoal with kin decreased with increasing levels of perceived competition; small food-deprived individuals avoided kin. Shoaling with kin under strong competition may reduce individual indirect fitness. Hence, individuals can likely improve their inclusive fitness by plastically adjusting their kin-grouping preferences.
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21
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Cayuela H, Valenzuela-Sánchez A, Teulier L, Martínez-Solano Í, Léna JP, Merilä J, Muths E, Shine R, Quay L, Denoël M, Clobert J, Schmidt BR. Determinants and Consequences of Dispersal in Vertebrates with Complex Life Cycles: A Review of Pond-Breeding Amphibians. QUARTERLY REVIEW OF BIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1086/707862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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22
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Suh YH, Pesendorfer MB, Tringali A, Bowman R, Fitzpatrick JW. Investigating social and environmental predictors of natal dispersal in a cooperative breeding bird. Behav Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araa007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Natal dispersal is a crucial life-history trait that affects both individual fitness and population structure, yet drivers of variation in dispersal probability and distance are difficult to study in wild populations. In cooperatively breeding species, individuals typically delay dispersal beyond their first breeding season and remain on the natal territory as nonbreeders, which prolongs social dynamics that can affect dispersal decisions. Using a 35-year data set covering almost 600 dispersal events in the cooperatively breeding Florida scrub-jay (Aphelocoma coerulescens), we examined the environmental and social parameters that predict dispersal probability over time and distance. In both sexes, dispersal probability increased with age, which, in turn, was negatively correlated with dispersal distance. In males, individuals occupying low-quality natal territories and living with a stepfather had an increased probability of dispersal. Older and more dominant males were more likely to inherit their natal territory. In females, which generally disperse earlier and farther than males, socially subordinate jays dispersed farther than dominant ones. Overall, jays that delayed dispersal the longest were more likely to attain breeding status near their natal territory, which was previously found to be associated with increased survival and lifetime fitness. Our results suggest that social dynamics and environmental factors on the natal territory affect delayed dispersal patterns differently for the two sexes in this cooperative breeder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ha Suh
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Avian Ecology Program, Archbold Biological Station, Venus, FL, USA
| | - Mario B Pesendorfer
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian’s National Zoo & Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, USA
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Department of Forest and Soil Ecology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Wien, Austria
| | - Angela Tringali
- Avian Ecology Program, Archbold Biological Station, Venus, FL, USA
| | - Reed Bowman
- Avian Ecology Program, Archbold Biological Station, Venus, FL, USA
| | - John W Fitzpatrick
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Avian Ecology Program, Archbold Biological Station, Venus, FL, USA
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23
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A novel experimental approach for studying life-history traits of phytophagous arthropods utilizing an artificial culture medium. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20327. [PMID: 31889108 PMCID: PMC6937311 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56801-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental approaches to studying life-history traits in minute herbivorous arthropods are hampered by the need to work with detached host plant material and the difficulty of maintaining that material in a suitable condition to support the animal throughout the duration of the test. In order to address this shortcoming, we developed a customizable agar-based medium modified from an established plant cell-culture medium to nourish detached leaves laid atop it while also preventing arthropods from escaping the experimental arena. The artificial culture medium was tested with two herbivorous mite species: the wheat curl mite (Aceria tosichella; Eriophyidae) and two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae; Tetranychidae). The proposed approach was a major improvement over a standard protocol for prolonged studies of individual eriophyid mites and also provided some benefits for experiments with spider mites. Moreover, the described method can be easily modified according to the requirements of host plant species and applied to a wide range of microherbivore species. Such applications include investigations of life-history traits and other ecological and evolutionary questions, e.g. mating or competitive behaviours or interspecific interactions, assessing invasiveness potential and predicting possible outbreaks. The approach presented here should have a significant impact on the advancement of evolutionary and ecological research on microscopic herbivores.
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24
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Tissot T, Massol F, Ujvari B, Alix-Panabieres C, Loeuille N, Thomas F. Metastasis and the evolution of dispersal. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20192186. [PMID: 31771479 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant progress in oncology, metastasis remains the leading cause of mortality of cancer patients. Understanding the foundations of this phenomenon could help contain or even prevent it. As suggested by many ecologists and cancer biologists, metastasis could be considered through the lens of biological dispersal: the movement of cancer cells from their birth site (the primary tumour) to other habitats where they resume proliferation (metastatic sites). However, whether this model can consistently be applied to the emergence and dynamics of metastasis remains unclear. Here, we provide a broad review of various aspects of the evolution of dispersal in ecosystems. We investigate whether similar ecological and evolutionary principles can be applied to metastasis, and how these processes may shape the spatio-temporal dynamics of disseminating cancer cells. We further discuss complementary hypotheses and propose experimental approaches to test the relevance of the evolutionary ecology of dispersal in studying metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tazzio Tissot
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Sorbonne University/CNRS/INRA/IRD/UPEC/Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France.,Eco-Anthropology, MNHN/CNRS/Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - François Massol
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198-Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France.,Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Beata Ujvari
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Catherine Alix-Panabieres
- Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells (LCCRH), University Medical Centre of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Loeuille
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Sorbonne University/CNRS/INRA/IRD/UPEC/Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Thomas
- CREEC (CREES), Unité Mixte de Recherches, IRD 224-CNRS 5290-Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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25
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Schausberger P, Gotoh T, Sato Y. Spider mite mothers adjust reproduction and sons' alternative reproductive tactics to immigrating alien conspecifics. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:191201. [PMID: 31827855 PMCID: PMC6894581 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.191201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Maternal effects on environmentally induced alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) are poorly understood but likely to be selected for if mothers can reliably predict offspring environments. We assessed maternal effects in two populations (Y and G) of herbivorous arrhenotokous spider mites Tetranychus urticae, where males conditionally express fighting and sneaking tactics in male-male combat and pre-copulatory guarding behaviour. We hypothesized that resident mothers should adjust their reproduction and sons' ARTs to immigrating alien conspecifics in dependence of alien conspecifics posing a fitness threat or advantage. To induce maternal effects, females were exposed to own or alien socio-environments and mated to own or alien males. Across maternal and sons' reproductive traits, the maternal socio-environment induced stronger effects than the maternal mate, and G-mothers responded more strongly to Y-influence than vice versa. G-socio-environments and Y-mates enhanced maternal egg production in both populations. Maternal exposure to G-socio-environments demoted, yet maternal Y-mates promoted, guarding occurrence and timing by sons. Sneakers guarded earlier than fighters in Y-environments, whereas the opposite happened in G-environments. The endosymbiont Cardinium, present in G, did not exert any classical effect but may have played a role via the shared plant. Our study highlights interpopulation variation in immediate and anticipatory maternal responses to immigrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schausberger
- Sugadaira Research Station, Mountain Science Center, University of Tsukuba, Ueda, Nagano, Japan
- Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tetsuo Gotoh
- Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Ibaraki, Japan
- Faculty of Economics, Ryutsu Keizai University, Ryugasaki, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yukie Sato
- Sugadaira Research Station, Mountain Science Center, University of Tsukuba, Ueda, Nagano, Japan
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26
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Can your behaviour blow you away? Contextual and phenotypic precursors to passive aerial dispersal in phytophagous mites. Anim Behav 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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27
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Bisschop K, Mortier F, Etienne RS, Bonte D. Transient local adaptation and source-sink dynamics in experimental populations experiencing spatially heterogeneous environments. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20190738. [PMID: 31238842 PMCID: PMC6599998 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.0738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Local adaptation is determined by the strength of selection and the level of gene flow within heterogeneous landscapes. The presence of benign habitat can act as an evolutionary stepping stone for local adaptation to challenging environments by providing the necessary genetic variation. At the same time, migration load from benign habitats will hinder adaptation. In a community context, interspecific competition is expected to select against maladapted migrants, hence reducing migration load and facilitating adaptation. As the interplay between competition and spatial heterogeneity on the joint ecological and evolutionary dynamics of populations is poorly understood, we performed an evolutionary experiment using the herbivore spider mite Tetranychus urticae as a model. We studied the species's demography and local adaptation in a challenging environment that consisted of an initial sink (pepper plants) and/or a more benign environment (cucumber plants). Half of the experimental populations were exposed to a competitor, the congeneric T. ludeni. We show that while spider mites only adapted to the challenging pepper environment when it was spatially interspersed with benign cucumber habitat, this adaptation was only temporary and disappeared when the populations in the benign cucumber environment were expanding and spilling-over to the challenging pepper environment. Although the focal species outcompeted the competitor after about two months, a negative effect of competition on the focal species's performance persisted in the benign environment. Adaptation to challenging habitat in heterogeneous landscapes thus highly depends on demography and source-sink dynamics, but also on competitive interactions with other species, even if they are only present for a short time span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bisschop
- 1 Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen , PO Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen , The Netherlands.,2 TEREC (Terrestrial Ecology Unit), Department of Biology, Ghent University , Karel Lodewijk Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Frederik Mortier
- 2 TEREC (Terrestrial Ecology Unit), Department of Biology, Ghent University , Karel Lodewijk Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Rampal S Etienne
- 1 Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen , PO Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Dries Bonte
- 2 TEREC (Terrestrial Ecology Unit), Department of Biology, Ghent University , Karel Lodewijk Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent , Belgium
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28
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Cayuela H, Bonnaire É, Astruc G, Besnard A. Transport infrastructure severely impacts amphibian dispersal regardless of life stage. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8214. [PMID: 31160685 PMCID: PMC6546755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44706-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Transport infrastructure such as roads has been reported to negatively affect dispersal. Their effects on dispersal are thought to be complex, depending on the characteristics of the structure and the intensity of the traffic using it. In addition, individual factors, such as age, may strongly affect dispersal decisions and success when individuals are confronted with transport infrastructure. Despite the importance of this topic for wildlife conservation, few studies have investigated the effect of transport infrastructure on individuals’ dispersal decisions before and after sexual maturity. We examined the effects on two kinds of infrastructure, gravel tracks and paved roads, on the dispersal of an endangered amphibian, the yellow-bellied toad (Bombina variegata). We used capture–recapture data collected during a five-year period on a large, spatially structured population of B. variegata. Our study revealed that emigration rates increased with an individual’s age, while dispersal distance decreased. It also showed that both tracks and roads had negative effects on immigration. The negative effect of roads was stronger than that of tracks. We additionally found that the effect of tracks on dispersal slightly decreased with a toad’s age. In contrast, the negative effect of roads was severe and relatively similar across age classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Cayuela
- Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Éric Bonnaire
- Office National des Forêts, Agence de Verdun, Avenue de Metz, 55100, Verdun, France
| | - Guillelme Astruc
- CNRS, PSL Research University, EPHE, UM, SupAgro, IRD, INRA, UMR 5175 CEFE, F-34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Aurélien Besnard
- CNRS, PSL Research University, EPHE, UM, SupAgro, IRD, INRA, UMR 5175 CEFE, F-34293, Montpellier, France
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29
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Kelt DA, Heske EJ, Lambin X, Oli MK, Orrock JL, Ozgul A, Pauli JN, Prugh LR, Sollmann R, Sommer S. Advances in population ecology and species interactions in mammals. J Mammal 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyz017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe study of mammals has promoted the development and testing of many ideas in contemporary ecology. Here we address recent developments in foraging and habitat selection, source–sink dynamics, competition (both within and between species), population cycles, predation (including apparent competition), mutualism, and biological invasions. Because mammals are appealing to the public, ecological insight gleaned from the study of mammals has disproportionate potential in educating the public about ecological principles and their application to wise management. Mammals have been central to many computational and statistical developments in recent years, including refinements to traditional approaches and metrics (e.g., capture-recapture) as well as advancements of novel and developing fields (e.g., spatial capture-recapture, occupancy modeling, integrated population models). The study of mammals also poses challenges in terms of fully characterizing dynamics in natural conditions. Ongoing climate change threatens to affect global ecosystems, and mammals provide visible and charismatic subjects for research on local and regional effects of such change as well as predictive modeling of the long-term effects on ecosystem function and stability. Although much remains to be done, the population ecology of mammals continues to be a vibrant and rapidly developing field. We anticipate that the next quarter century will prove as exciting and productive for the study of mammals as has the recent one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas A Kelt
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, & Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Edward J Heske
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Xavier Lambin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Madan K Oli
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - John L Orrock
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Arpat Ozgul
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan N Pauli
- Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Laura R Prugh
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rahel Sollmann
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, & Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Sommer
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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30
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De Bona S, Bruneaux M, Lee AEG, Reznick DN, Bentzen P, López‐Sepulcre A. Spatio‐temporal dynamics of density‐dependent dispersal during a population colonisation. Ecol Lett 2019; 22:634-644. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.13205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano De Bona
- University of Jyväskylä Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions Department of Biological and Environmental Science Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Matthieu Bruneaux
- University of Jyväskylä Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions Department of Biological and Environmental Science Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Alex E. G. Lee
- University of Jyväskylä Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions Department of Biological and Environmental Science Jyväskylä Finland
| | | | - Paul Bentzen
- Department of Biology Dalhousie University Halifax Canada
| | - Andrés López‐Sepulcre
- University of Jyväskylä Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions Department of Biological and Environmental Science Jyväskylä Finland
- CNRS UMR 7618 Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Paris (iEES) Sorbonne University Paris France
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31
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Comte L, Olden JD. Evidence for dispersal syndromes in freshwater fishes. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 285:rspb.2017.2214. [PMID: 29343597 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.2214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dispersal is a fundamental process defining the distribution of organisms and has long been a topic of inquiry in ecology and evolution. Emerging research points to an interdependency of dispersal with a diverse suite of traits in terrestrial organisms, however the extent to which such dispersal syndromes exist in freshwater species remains uncertain. Here, we test whether dispersal in freshwater fishes (1) is a fixed property of species, and (2) correlates with life-history, morphological, ecological and behavioural traits, using a global dataset of dispersal distances collected from the literature encompassing 116 riverine species and 196 locations. Our meta-analysis revealed a high degree of repeatability and heritability in the dispersal estimates and strong associations with traits related to life-history strategies, energy allocation to reproduction, ecological specialization and swimming skills. Together, these results demonstrate that similar to terrestrial organisms, the multi-dimensional nature of dispersal syndromes in freshwater species offer opportunities for the development of a unifying paradigm of movement ecology that transcend taxonomic and biogeographical realms. The high explanatory power of the models also suggests that trait-based and phylogenetic approaches hold considerable promises to inform conservation efforts in a rapidly changing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Comte
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA, USA
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32
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Dahirel M, Masier S, Renault D, Bonte D. The distinct phenotypic signatures of dispersal and stress in an arthropod model: from physiology to life history. J Exp Biol 2019; 222:jeb.203596. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.203596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Dispersing individuals are expected to encounter costs during transfer and in the novel environment, and may also have experienced stress in their natal patch. Given this, a non-random subset of the population should engage in dispersal and show divergent stress-related responses. This includes physiological shifts as expressed in the metabolome, which form a major part of responses to stress. We analyzed how metabolic profiles and life-history traits varied between dispersers and residents of the model two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae, and whether and how these syndromes varied with exposure to a stressful new host plant (tomato). Regardless of the effect of host plant, we found a physiological dispersal syndrome where, relative to residents, dispersers were characterized by lower leaf consumption and a lower concentration of several amino acids, indicating a potential dispersal-foraging trade-off. As a possible consequence of this lower food intake, dispersers also laid smaller eggs. Responses to tomato were consistent with this plant being a stressor for Tetranychus urticae, including reduced fecundity and reduced feeding. Tomato-exposed mites laid larger eggs, which we interpret as a plastic response to food stress, increasing survival to maturity. Contrary to what was expected from the costs of dispersal and from previous meta-population level studies, there was no interaction between dispersal status and host plant for any of the examined traits, meaning stress impacts were equally incurred by residents and dispersers. We thus provide novel insights in the processes shaping dispersal and the feedbacks on ecological dynamics in spatially structured populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Dahirel
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Stefano Masier
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - David Renault
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, F-35000 Rennes, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Dries Bonte
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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33
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Endriss SB, Vahsen ML, Bitume EV, Grey Monroe J, Turner KG, Norton AP, Hufbauer RA. The importance of growing up: juvenile environment influences dispersal of individuals and their neighbours. Ecol Lett 2018; 22:45-55. [PMID: 30450720 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Dispersal is a key ecological process that is strongly influenced by both phenotype and environment. Here, we show that juvenile environment influences dispersal not only by shaping individual phenotypes, but also by changing the phenotypes of neighbouring conspecifics, which influence how individuals disperse. We used a model system (Tribolium castaneum, red flour beetles) to test how the past environment of dispersing individuals and their neighbours influences how they disperse in their current environment. We found that individuals dispersed especially far when exposed to a poor environment as adults if their phenotype, or even one-third of their neighbours' phenotypes, were shaped by a poor environment as juveniles. Juvenile environment therefore shapes dispersal both directly, by influencing phenotype, as well as indirectly, by influencing the external social environment. Thus, the juvenile environment of even a minority of individuals in a group can influence the dispersal of the entire group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy B Endriss
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Megan L Vahsen
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Ellyn V Bitume
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Exotic and Invasive Weeds Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Albany, CA, USA
| | - J Grey Monroe
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Kathryn G Turner
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Andrew P Norton
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Ruth A Hufbauer
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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34
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Fronhofer EA, Legrand D, Altermatt F, Ansart A, Blanchet S, Bonte D, Chaine A, Dahirel M, De Laender F, De Raedt J, di Gesu L, Jacob S, Kaltz O, Laurent E, Little CJ, Madec L, Manzi F, Masier S, Pellerin F, Pennekamp F, Schtickzelle N, Therry L, Vong A, Winandy L, Cote J. Bottom-up and top-down control of dispersal across major organismal groups. Nat Ecol Evol 2018; 2:1859-1863. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-018-0686-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Revynthi AM, Egas M, Janssen A, Sabelis MW. Prey exploitation and dispersal strategies vary among natural populations of a predatory mite. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:10384-10394. [PMID: 30464812 PMCID: PMC6238141 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
When predators commonly overexploit local prey populations, dispersal drives the dynamics in local patches, which together form a metapopulation. Two extremes in a continuum of dispersal strategies are distinguished: the "Killer" strategy, where predators only start dispersing when all prey are eliminated, and the "Milker" strategy, in which predator dispersal occurs irrespective of prey availability. Theory shows that the Milker strategy is not evolutionarily stable if local populations are well connected by dispersal. Using strains of the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis, collected from 11 native populations from coastal areas in Turkey and Sicily, we investigated whether these two strategies occur in nature. In small wind tunnels, we measured dispersal rates and population dynamics of all populations in a system consisting of detached rose leaves, spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) as prey, and P. persimilis. We found significant variation in the exploitation and dispersal strategies among predator populations, but none of the collected strains showed the extreme Killer or Milker strategy. The results suggest that there is genetic variation for prey exploitation and dispersal strategies. Thus, different dispersal strategies in the Milker-Killer continuum may be selected for under natural conditions. This may affect the predator-prey dynamics in local populations and is likely to determine persistence of predator-prey systems at the metapopulation level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M. Revynthi
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem DynamicsUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Martijn Egas
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem DynamicsUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Arne Janssen
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem DynamicsUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Maurice W. Sabelis
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem DynamicsUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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36
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Mishra A, Tung S, Sruti VRS, Sadiq MA, Srivathsa S, Dey S. Pre-dispersal context and presence of opposite sex modulate density dependence and sex bias of dispersal. OIKOS 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.04902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Mishra
- Population Biology Laboratory, Biology Division; Indian Inst. of Science Education and Research-Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune IN-411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Sudipta Tung
- Population Biology Laboratory, Biology Division; Indian Inst. of Science Education and Research-Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune IN-411008 Maharashtra India
| | - V. R. Shree Sruti
- Population Biology Laboratory, Biology Division; Indian Inst. of Science Education and Research-Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune IN-411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Mohammed Aamir Sadiq
- Population Biology Laboratory, Biology Division; Indian Inst. of Science Education and Research-Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune IN-411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Sahana Srivathsa
- Population Biology Laboratory, Biology Division; Indian Inst. of Science Education and Research-Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune IN-411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Sutirth Dey
- Population Biology Laboratory, Biology Division; Indian Inst. of Science Education and Research-Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune IN-411008 Maharashtra India
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37
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38
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Morton ER, McGrady MJ, Newton I, Rollie CJ, Smith GD, Mearns R, Oli MK. Dispersal: a matter of scale. Ecology 2018; 99:938-946. [PMID: 29509273 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Population density around the natal site is often invoked as an explanation for variation in dispersal distance, with the expectation that competition for limiting resources, coupled with increased intra-specific aggression at high densities, should drive changes in dispersal distances. However, tests of the density-dependent dispersal hypothesis in long-lived vertebrates have yielded mixed results. Furthermore, conclusions from dispersal studies may depend on the spatial and temporal scales at which density and dispersal patterns are examined, yet multi-scale studies of dispersal are rare. Here, we present the findings of a long-term study examining factors influencing natal dispersal distances for the non-migratory population of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) in the British Isles across distinct spatial and temporal scales. Our smallest scale study included Peregrines ringed as nestlings and subsequently recaptured alive in south Scotland-north England, an area that was intensively studied during the time periods 1974-1982 and 2002-2016. Second, we examined dispersal patterns of birds ringed as nestlings in south Scotland-north England, but subsequently recaptured alive or recovered dead anywhere in the British Isles. Finally, we examined the natal dispersal patterns for Peregrines ringed and recaptured or recovered anywhere in the British Isles from 1964 to 2016. Consistent with prior findings, females dispersed farther than males across all scales. However, the patterns of dispersal were strongly scale dependent. Specifically, we found a lack of a discernible relationship between index of density and dispersal distance in the limited study area, but when region-wide recaptures and recoveries were included in the analyses, a negative relationship was revealed. Our results suggest that conclusions of dispersal studies may be scale dependent, highlighting the importance of spatial and temporal scales in examining and interpreting the relationship between population density and dispersal patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise R Morton
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Florida, 110 Newins-Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
| | - Michael J McGrady
- International Avian Research, Am Rosenhügel 59, 3500, Krems, Austria
| | - Ian Newton
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, United Kingdom
| | - Chris J Rollie
- Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, (RSPB) Scotland, Dumfries and Galloway Office, The Old School, Crossmichael, Castle Douglas, DG7 3AP, United Kingdom
| | - George D Smith
- Scottish Raptor Study Group, 58 Meadowbank Road, Kirknewton, West Lothian, EH27 8BS, United Kingdom
| | | | - Madan K Oli
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Florida, 110 Newins-Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
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39
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Ousterhout BH, Semlitsch RD. Effects of conditionally expressed phenotypes and environment on amphibian dispersal in nature. OIKOS 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.05276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany H. Ousterhout
- Division of Biological Sciences; Univ. of Missouri; Columbia MO USA
- Dept of Biological Sciences; Univ. of Arkansas; Fayetteville AR 72701 USA
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40
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Renault D, Laparie M, McCauley SJ, Bonte D. Environmental Adaptations, Ecological Filtering, and Dispersal Central to Insect Invasions. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 63:345-368. [PMID: 29029589 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Insect invasions, the establishment and spread of nonnative insects in new regions, can have extensive economic and environmental consequences. Increased global connectivity accelerates rates of introductions, while climate change may decrease the barriers to invader species' spread. We follow an individual-level insect- and arachnid-centered perspective to assess how the process of invasion is influenced by phenotypic heterogeneity associated with dispersal and stress resistance, and their coupling, across the multiple steps of the invasion process. We also provide an overview and synthesis on the importance of environmental filters during the entire invasion process for the facilitation or inhibition of invasive insect population spread. Finally, we highlight important research gaps and the relevance and applicability of ongoing natural range expansions in the context of climate change to gain essential mechanistic insights into insect invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Renault
- University of Rennes 1, UMR CNRS 6553 EcoBio, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France;
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Mathieu Laparie
- URZF, INRA, Forest Zoology Research Unit (0633), 45075 Orléans, France;
| | - Shannon J McCauley
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada;
| | - Dries Bonte
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, B-9090 Ghent, Belgium;
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41
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Van Petegem K, Moerman F, Dahirel M, Fronhofer EA, Vandegehuchte ML, Van Leeuwen T, Wybouw N, Stoks R, Bonte D. Kin competition accelerates experimental range expansion in an arthropod herbivore. Ecol Lett 2017; 21:225-234. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Van Petegem
- Department of Biology Ghent University K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Felix Moerman
- Department of Aquatic Ecology Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Überlanderstrasse 133 CH‐8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zürich Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH‐8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Maxime Dahirel
- Université de Rennes 1 UMR CNRS EcoBio 263 avenue du Général Leclerc 35042 Rennes France
| | - Emanuel A. Fronhofer
- Department of Aquatic Ecology Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Überlanderstrasse 133 CH‐8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zürich Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH‐8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | | | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Department of Crop Protection Ghent University Faculty of Bioscience Engineering B‐9000 Ghent Belgium
- Evolutionary Biology, IBED University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 – 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Nicky Wybouw
- Department of Crop Protection Ghent University Faculty of Bioscience Engineering B‐9000 Ghent Belgium
- Evolutionary Biology, IBED University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 – 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Robby Stoks
- Department of Biology University of Leuven Deberiotstraat 32 3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Dries Bonte
- Department of Biology Ghent University K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 9000 Ghent Belgium
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42
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Steyn VM, Mitchell KA, Terblanche JS. Dispersal propensity, but not flight performance, explains variation in dispersal ability. Proc Biol Sci 2017; 283:rspb.2016.0905. [PMID: 27488649 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2016.0905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhanced dispersal ability may lead to accelerated range expansion and increased rates of population establishment, thereby affecting population genetic structure and evolutionary potential. Morphological, behavioural and physiological traits that characterize dispersive individuals from residents are poorly understood for many invertebrate systems, especially in non-polymorphic pterygote species. Here we examined phenotypic differences between dispersal-prone and philopatric individuals from repeated mark-release-recapture (MRR) experiments using an invasive agricultural pest, Ceratitis capitata Comprehensive morphometric assessment and subsequent minimal adequate modelling using an information theoretic approach identified thorax mass : body mass ratio as a key predictor of disperser flies under semi-natural conditions. Performance differences in flight ability were then examined under controlled laboratory conditions to assess whether greater thorax mass : body mass ratio was associated with enhanced flight ability. The larger thorax : body mass ratio was associated with measurable differences in mean flight duration, most predominantly in males, and also by their willingness to disperse, scored as the number and duration of voluntary flights. No other measures of whole-animal flight performance (e.g. mean and peak vertical force, total or maximum flight duration) differed. Variation in voluntary behaviour may result in significant alterations of movement behaviour and realized dispersal in nature. This phenomenon may help explain intraspecific variation in the dispersal ability of insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vernon M Steyn
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Katherine A Mitchell
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - John S Terblanche
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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43
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Bose S, Forrester TD, Brazeal JL, Sacks BN, Casady DS, Wittmer HU. Implications of fidelity and philopatry for the population structure of female black-tailed deer. Behav Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arx047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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44
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Guzman-Valencia S, Santillán-Galicia MT, Guzmán-Franco AW, Vega-Muñoz R. Differential Host Plant-Associated Genetic Variation Between Sympatric Mite Species of the Genus Oligonychus (Acari: Tetranychidae). ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 46:274-283. [PMID: 28087579 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvw166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Adaptation to different host plants can lead to host-associated differentiation (HAD). The mites Oligonychus perseae and Oligonychus punicae have a broad range of host plants, but, to date, records of them coexisting sympatrically had only been reported on avocado. However, our field observations showed both species coexisting on host plants other than avocado. The lack of previous records of these mites on the host plants studied here suggests only recent divergence to new host plant species. Previous studies showed that O. punicae had a limited migration capacity compared with O. perseae, suggesting that O. punicae is more likely to develop a close host plant relationship leading to HAD. Adults of both species were collected from trees hosting both mite species. Three genera of host plants considered were Persea, Salix, and Alnus; two species within one genus were Alnus jorullensis and Alnus acuminata; and three varieties within one species were Persea americana var. Fuerte, var. Hass, and var. Criollo, a noncommercial variety. Using sequence data from a segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I, the phylogenetic relationships and genetic population structure of both mite species in relation to the host plant were determined. Oligonychus perseae populations showed a significant population structure in relation to host plant at the species and genus level, but there was no effect of variety. In contrast, host plant explained none of the genetic variation among O. punicae populations. The potential role of coexistence mechanisms in the contrasting genetic population structure of both mite species is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Guzman-Valencia
- Posgrado en Fitosanidad-Entomología y Acarología, Colegio de Postgraduados, Km 36.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Montecillo, Texcoco, Edo. de México 56230, México (; ; )
| | - Ma Teresa Santillán-Galicia
- Posgrado en Fitosanidad-Entomología y Acarología, Colegio de Postgraduados, Km 36.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Montecillo, Texcoco, Edo. de México 56230, México (; ; )
| | - Ariel W Guzmán-Franco
- Posgrado en Fitosanidad-Entomología y Acarología, Colegio de Postgraduados, Km 36.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Montecillo, Texcoco, Edo. de México 56230, México (; ; )
| | - Ricardo Vega-Muñoz
- Posgrado en Botánica, Colegio de Postgraduados, Km 36.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Montecillo, Texcoco, Edo. de México 56230, México
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Dries Bonte
- Ghent University; Dept. Biology; K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 BE-9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Maxime Dahirel
- Ghent University; Dept. Biology; K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 BE-9000 Ghent Belgium
- Univ. of Rennes 1/ CNRS; UMR 6553 Ecobio Rennes France
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46
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No behavioural response to kin competition in a lekking species. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-016-2154-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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47
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Jacob S, Wehi P, Clobert J, Legrand D, Schtickzelle N, Huet M, Chaine A. Cooperation-mediated plasticity in dispersal and colonization. Evolution 2016; 70:2336-2345. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Staffan Jacob
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS; UMR 5321; 09200 Saint-Girons France
- Université Catholique de Louvain; Earth and Life Institute and Biodiversity Research Centre; Croix du Sud 4, L7-07-04 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Priscilla Wehi
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS; UMR 5321; 09200 Saint-Girons France
- Current Address: Landcare Research Manaaki Whenua; Private Bag 1930 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Jean Clobert
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS; UMR 5321; 09200 Saint-Girons France
| | - Delphine Legrand
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS; UMR 5321; 09200 Saint-Girons France
- Université Catholique de Louvain; Earth and Life Institute and Biodiversity Research Centre; Croix du Sud 4, L7-07-04 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Nicolas Schtickzelle
- Université Catholique de Louvain; Earth and Life Institute and Biodiversity Research Centre; Croix du Sud 4, L7-07-04 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Michele Huet
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS; UMR 5321; 09200 Saint-Girons France
| | - Alexis Chaine
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS; UMR 5321; 09200 Saint-Girons France
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Toulouse; Toulouse School of Economics; 21 allée de Brienne 31015 Toulouse France
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48
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Phase separation driven by density-dependent movement: A novel mechanism for ecological patterns. Phys Life Rev 2016; 19:107-121. [PMID: 27478087 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Many ecosystems develop strikingly regular spatial patterns because of small-scale interactions between organisms, a process generally referred to as spatial self-organization. Self-organized spatial patterns are important determinants of the functioning of ecosystems, promoting the growth and survival of the involved organisms, and affecting the capacity of the organisms to cope with changing environmental conditions. The predominant explanation for self-organized pattern formation is spatial heterogeneity in establishment, growth and mortality, resulting from the self-organization processes. A number of recent studies, however, have revealed that movement of organisms can be an important driving process creating extensive spatial patterning in many ecosystems. Here, we review studies that detail movement-based pattern formation in contrasting ecological settings. Our review highlights that a common principle, where movement of organisms is density-dependent, explains observed spatial regular patterns in all of these studies. This principle, well known to physics as the Cahn-Hilliard principle of phase separation, has so-far remained unrecognized as a general mechanism for self-organized complexity in ecology. Using the examples presented in this paper, we explain how this movement principle can be discerned in ecological settings, and clarify how to test this mechanism experimentally. Our study highlights that animal movement, both in isolation and in unison with other processes, is an important mechanism for regular pattern formation in ecosystems.
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Cote J, Bocedi G, Debeffe L, Chudzińska ME, Weigang HC, Dytham C, Gonzalez G, Matthysen E, Travis J, Baguette M, Hewison AJM. Behavioural synchronization of large-scale animal movements - disperse alone, but migrate together? Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2016; 92:1275-1296. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Cote
- ENFA and UMR 5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique), CNRS; Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier; Toulouse cedex 9 F-31062 France
| | - Greta Bocedi
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen AB24 2TZ UK
| | - Lucie Debeffe
- CEFS, INRA; Université de Toulouse; Castanet Tolosan 31320 France
- Department of Biology; University of Saskatchewan; Saskatoon SK S7N 5E2 Canada
| | | | - Helene C. Weigang
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; University of Helsinki; P.O. Box 68 Helsinki 00014 Finland
| | - Calvin Dytham
- Department of Biology; University of York; York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Georges Gonzalez
- CEFS, INRA; Université de Toulouse; Castanet Tolosan 31320 France
| | - Erik Matthysen
- Department of Biology; University of Antwerp; Antwerp B-2610 Belgium
| | - Justin Travis
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen AB24 2TZ UK
| | - Michel Baguette
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Experimentale; CNRS UMR 5321; Moulis 09200 France
- Institut De Systématique, Evolution et Biodiversité, UMR 7205; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; Paris cedex 5 FR-75005 France
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50
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Dahirel M, Vardakis M, Ansart A, Madec L. Density-dependence across dispersal stages in a hermaphrodite land snail: insights from discrete choice models. Oecologia 2016; 181:1117-28. [PMID: 27139427 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-016-3636-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Dispersal movements, i.e. movements leading to gene flow, are key behaviours with important, but only partially understood, consequences for the dynamics and evolution of populations. In particular, density-dependent dispersal has been widely described, yet how it is determined by the interaction with individual traits, and whether density effects differ between the three steps of dispersal (departure, transience, and settlement), remains largely unknown. Using a semi-natural landscape, we studied dispersal choices of Cornu aspersum land snails, a species in which negative effects of crowding are well documented, and analysed them using dispersal discrete choice models, a new method allowing the analysis of dispersal decisions by explicitly considering the characteristics of all available alternatives and their interaction with individual traits. Subadults were more dispersive than adults, confirming existing results. In addition, departure and settlement were both density dependent: snails avoided crowded patches at both ends of the dispersal process, and subadults were more reluctant to settle into crowded patches than adults. Moreover, we found support for carry-over effects of release density on subsequent settlement decisions: snails from crowded contexts were more sensitive to density in their subsequent immigration choices. The fact that settlement decisions were informed indicates that costs of prospecting are not as important as previously thought in snails, and/or that snails use alternative ways to collect information, such as indirect social information (e.g. trail following). The observed density-dependent dispersal dynamics may play an important role in the ability of C. aspersum to successfully colonise frequently human-disturbed habitats around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Dahirel
- CNRS/University of Rennes 1, UMR 6553 Ecosystems, Biodiversity and Evolution (ECOBIO), Rennes, France. .,Terrestrial Ecology Group, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | | | - Armelle Ansart
- CNRS/University of Rennes 1, UMR 6553 Ecosystems, Biodiversity and Evolution (ECOBIO), Rennes, France
| | - Luc Madec
- CNRS/University of Rennes 1, UMR 6553 Ecosystems, Biodiversity and Evolution (ECOBIO), Rennes, France
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