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Su Y, Jiao Y, Cai S, Xu Y, Wang Q, Chen X. The Molecular Mechanism of ferroptosis and Its Relationship with Parkinson's Disease. Brain Res Bull 2024; 213:110991. [PMID: 38823725 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) have complex pathogenetic mechanisms. Genetic, age, and environmental factors are all related to PD. Due to the unclear pathogenesis of PD and the lack of effective cure methods, it is urgent to find new targets for treating PD patients. Ferroptosis is a form of cell death that is reliant on iron and exhibits distinct morphological and mechanistic characteristics compared to other types of cell death. It encompasses a range of biological processes, including iron/lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. In recent years, research has found that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the pathophysiological processes of neurodegenerative diseases and stroke. Therefore, ferroptosis is also closely related to PD, This article reviews the core mechanisms of ferroptosis and elucidates the correlation between PD and ferroptosis. In addition, new compounds that have emerged in recent years to exert anti PD effects by inhibiting the ferroptosis signaling pathway were summarized. I hope to further elaborate the relationship between ferroptosis and PD through the review of this article, and provide new strategies for developing PD treatments targeting ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Su
- The First Affiliated hospital of Ateasernhui Medical University.
| | - Yue Jiao
- The First Affiliated hospital of Ateasernhui Medical University.
| | - Sheng Cai
- The First Affiliated hospital of Ateasernhui Medical University.
| | - Yang Xu
- The First Affiliated hospital of Ateasernhui Medical University.
| | - Qi Wang
- The First Affiliated hospital of Ateasernhui Medical University.
| | - Xianwen Chen
- The First Affiliated hospital of Ateasernhui Medical University.
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Khani M, Cerquera-Cleves C, Kekenadze M, Crea PAW, Singleton AB, Bandres-Ciga S. Towards a Global View of Parkinson's Disease Genetics. Ann Neurol 2024; 95:831-842. [PMID: 38557965 PMCID: PMC11060911 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a global health challenge, yet historically studies of PD have taken place predominantly in European populations. Recent genetics research conducted in non-European populations has revealed novel population-specific genetic loci linked to PD risk, highlighting the importance of studying PD globally. These insights have broadened our understanding of PD etiology, which is crucial for developing disease-modifying interventions. This review comprehensively explores the global genetic landscape of PD, emphasizing the scientific rationale for studying underrepresented populations. It underscores challenges, such as genotype-phenotype heterogeneity and inclusion difficulties for non-European participants, emphasizing the ongoing need for diverse and inclusive research in PD. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:831-842.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Khani
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias (CARD), National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Catalina Cerquera-Cleves
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, San Ignacio Hospital, Neurology Unit, Bogotá, Colombia
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Axe Neurosciences, Laval University. Quebec City, Canada
| | - Mariam Kekenadze
- Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, 0141, Georgia
- University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology , WC1N 3BG, London, UK
| | - Peter A. Wild Crea
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias (CARD), National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew B. Singleton
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias (CARD), National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sara Bandres-Ciga
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias (CARD), National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Ren YL, Jiang Z, Wang JY, He Q, Li SX, Gu XJ, Qi YR, Zhang M, Yang WJ, Cao B, Li JY, Wang Y, Chen YP. Loss of CHCHD2 Stability Coordinates with C1QBP/CHCHD2/CHCHD10 Complex Impairment to Mediate PD-Linked Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04090-y. [PMID: 38453793 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04090-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Novel CHCHD2 mutations causing C-terminal truncation and interrupted CHCHD2 protein stability in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients were previously found. However, there is limited understanding of the underlying mechanism and impact of subsequent CHCHD2 loss-of-function on PD pathogenesis. The current study further identified the crucial motif (aa125-133) responsible for diminished CHCHD2 expression and the molecular interplay within the C1QBP/CHCHD2/CHCHD10 complex to regulate mitochondrial functions. Specifically, CHCHD2 deficiency led to decreased neural cell viability and mitochondrial structural and functional impairments, paralleling the upregulation of autophagy under cellular stresses. Meanwhile, as a binding partner of CHCHD2, C1QBP was found to regulate the stability of CHCHD2 and CHCHD10 proteins to maintain the integrity of the C1QBP/CHCHD2/CHCHD10 complex. Moreover, C1QBP-silenced neural cells displayed severe cell death phenotype along with mitochondrial damage that initiated a significant mitophagy process. Taken together, the evidence obtained from our in vitro and in vivo studies emphasized the critical role of CHCHD2 in regulating mitochondria functions via coordination among CHCHD2, CHCHD10, and C1QBP, suggesting the potential mechanism by which CHCHD2 function loss takes part in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Lin Ren
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia-Yi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No.37. Guoxue AlleySichuan Province, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Xu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Gu
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang-Ran Qi
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen-Jie Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing-Yu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yong-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Huang J, Jiang Q, Pang D, Yu Y, Cui Y, Li C, Shang H. Generation of induced pluripotent stem cell line LNDWCHi001-A from a patient with early-onset Parkinson's disease carrying the homozygous c.1898C > T (p. A633V) mutation in the PLA2G6 gene. Stem Cell Res 2024; 75:103305. [PMID: 38215561 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2024.103305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A variant of the phospholipase A2 group VI gene (PLA2G6, PARK14) has been found to cause early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD). In this study, we reprogrammed peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a 39-year-old patient with EOPD carrying a homozygous PLA2G6 mutation c.1898C > T (p. A633V) to generate the human induced pluripotent stem cell line LNDWCHi001-A. This cell line was identified based on pluripotent markers and displayed differentiation capacity, providing an essential model for studying the pathogenesis of EOPD and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Huang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qirui Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dejiang Pang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujiao Yu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiyuan Cui
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Andrews SV, Kukkle PL, Menon R, Geetha TS, Goyal V, Kandadai RM, Kumar H, Borgohain R, Mukherjee A, Wadia PM, Yadav R, Desai S, Kumar N, Joshi D, Murugan S, Biswas A, Pal PK, Oliver M, Nair S, Kayalvizhi A, Samson PL, Deshmukh M, Bassi A, Sandeep C, Mandloi N, Davis OB, Roberts MA, Leto DE, Henry AG, Di Paolo G, Muthane U, Das SK, Peterson AS, Sandmann T, Gupta R, Ramprasad VL. The Genetic Drivers of Juvenile, Young, and Early-Onset Parkinson's Disease in India. Mov Disord 2024; 39:339-349. [PMID: 38014556 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have advanced our understanding of the genetic drivers of Parkinson's disease (PD). Rare variants in more than 20 genes are considered causal for PD, and the latest PD genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified 90 independent risk loci. However, there remains a gap in our understanding of PD genetics outside of the European populations in which the vast majority of these studies were focused. OBJECTIVE The aim was to identify genetic risk factors for PD in a South Asian population. METHODS A total of 674 PD subjects predominantly with age of onset (AoO) ≤50 years (encompassing juvenile, young, or early-onset PD) were recruited from 10 specialty movement disorder centers across India over a 2-year period; 1376 control subjects were selected from the reference population GenomeAsia, Phase 2. We performed various case-only and case-control genetic analyses for PD diagnosis and AoO. RESULTS A genome-wide significant signal for PD diagnosis was identified in the SNCA region, strongly colocalizing with SNCA region signal from European PD GWAS. PD cases with pathogenic mutations in PD genes exhibited, on average, lower PD polygenic risk scores than PD cases lacking any PD gene mutations. Gene burden studies of rare, predicted deleterious variants identified BSN, encoding the presynaptic protein Bassoon that has been previously associated with neurodegenerative disease. CONCLUSIONS This study constitutes the largest genetic investigation of PD in a South Asian population to date. Future work should seek to expand sample numbers in this population to enable improved statistical power to detect PD genes in this understudied group. © 2023 Denali Therapeutics and The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan V Andrews
- Denali Therapeutics, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Prashanth L Kukkle
- Manipal Hospital, Bangalore, India
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Clinic, Bangalore, India
| | | | | | - Vinay Goyal
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
- Medanta Hospital, New Delhi, India
- Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, India
| | - Rukmini Mridula Kandadai
- Nizams Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS), Hyderabad, India
- Citi Neuro Centre, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Rupam Borgohain
- Nizams Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS), Hyderabad, India
- Citi Neuro Centre, Hyderabad, India
| | - Adreesh Mukherjee
- Bangur Institute of Neurosciences and Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGME&R), Kolkata, India
| | | | - Ravi Yadav
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Soaham Desai
- Department of Neurology, Shree Krishna Hospital and Pramukhaswami Medical College, Bhaikaka University, Anand, India
| | - Niraj Kumar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar (Hyderabad Metropolitan Region), Bibinagar, India
| | - Deepika Joshi
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | | | - Atanu Biswas
- Bangur Institute of Neurosciences and Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGME&R), Kolkata, India
| | - Pramod K Pal
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Oliver B Davis
- Denali Therapeutics, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Dara E Leto
- Denali Therapeutics, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | - Uday Muthane
- Parkinson and Ageing Research Foundation, Bangalore, India
| | - Shymal K Das
- Bangur Institute of Neurosciences and Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGME&R), Kolkata, India
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Wang S, Zheng X, Ou R, Wei Q, Lin J, Yang T, Xiao Y, Jiang Q, Li C, Shang H. Rare variant analysis of UQCRC1 in Chinese patients with early-onset Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 134:40-42. [PMID: 37984314 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein 1 (UQCRC1) gene has been identified as a causative gene for autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease (PD), with the p.Y314S variant potentially associated with polyneuropathy in PD patients. The objectives of our study were to screen for UQCRC1 variants in Chinese patients with early-onset PD (EOPD) and explore the role of UQCRC1 in EOPD. We investigated the rare variants in 913 EOPD patients in our cohort using whole-exome sequencing, assessing their link to PD at both allele and gene levels. A total of 7 rare variants (minor allele frequency < 0.1%) of UQCRC1 were identified. However, no excessive burden of rare UQCRC1 variants was suggested in the EOPD patients. Further analysis with larger sample size and diverse regions is needed to determine the role of UQCRC1 in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoting Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruwei Ou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianqian Wei
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junyu Lin
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianmi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qirui Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Koros C, Bougea A, Simitsi AM, Papagiannakis N, Angelopoulou E, Pachi I, Antonelou R, Bozi M, Stamelou M, Stefanis L. The Landscape of Monogenic Parkinson's Disease in Populations of Non-European Ancestry: A Narrative Review. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2097. [PMID: 38003040 PMCID: PMC10671808 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There has been a bias in the existing literature on Parkinson's disease (PD) genetics as most studies involved patients of European ancestry, mostly in Europe and North America. Our target was to review published research data on the genetic profile of PD patients of non-European or mixed ancestry. METHODS We reviewed articles published during the 2000-2023 period, focusing on the genetic status of PD patients of non-European origin (Indian, East and Central Asian, Latin American, sub-Saharan African and Pacific islands). RESULTS There were substantial differences regarding monogenic PD forms between patients of European and non-European ancestry. The G2019S Leucine Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) mutation was rather scarce in non-European populations. In contrast, East Asian patients carried different mutations like p.I2020T, which is common in Japan. Parkin (PRKN) variants had a global distribution, being common in early-onset PD in Indians, in East Asians, and in early-onset Mexicans. Furthermore, they were occasionally present in Black African PD patients. PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and PD protein 7 (DJ-1) variants were described in Indian, East Asian and Pacific Islands populations. Glucocerebrosidase gene variants (GBA1), which represent an important predisposing factor for PD, were found in East and Southeast Asian and Indian populations. Different GBA1 variants have been reported in Black African populations and Latin Americans. CONCLUSIONS Existing data reveal a pronounced heterogeneity in the genetic background of PD. A number of common variants in populations of European ancestry appeared to be absent or scarce in patients of diverse ethnic backgrounds. Large-scale studies that include genetic screening in African, Asian or Latin American populations are underway. The outcomes of such efforts will facilitate further clinical studies and will possibly contribute to the identification of either new pathogenic mutations in already described genes or novel PD-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Koros
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Anastasia Bougea
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Athina Maria Simitsi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Nikolaos Papagiannakis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Efthalia Angelopoulou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Ioanna Pachi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Roubina Antonelou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Maria Bozi
- Dafni Psychiatric Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece;
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Leonidas Stefanis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
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Gu XJ, Su WM, Dou M, Jiang Z, Duan QQ, Yin KF, Cao B, Wang Y, Li GB, Chen YP. Expanding causal genes for Parkinson's disease via multi-omics analysis. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:146. [PMID: 37865667 PMCID: PMC10590374 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00591-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome‑wide association studies (GWASs) have revealed numerous loci associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, some potential causal/risk genes were still not revealed and no etiological therapies are available. To find potential causal genes and explore genetically supported drug targets for PD is urgent. By integrating the expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) datasets from multiple tissues (blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain) and PD GWAS summary statistics, a pipeline combing Mendelian randomization (MR), Steiger filtering analysis, Bayesian colocalization, fine mapping, Protein-protein network and enrichment analysis were applied to identify potential causal genes for PD. As a result, GPNMB displayed a robust causal role for PD at the protein level in the blood, CSF and brain, and transcriptional level in the brain, while the protective role of CD38 (in brain pQTL and eQTL) was also identified. We also found inconsistent roles of DGKQ on PD between protein and mRNA levels. Another 9 proteins (CTSB, ARSA, SEC23IP, CD84, ENTPD1, FCGR2B, BAG3, SNCA, FCGR2A) were associated with the risk for PD based on only a single pQTL after multiple corrections. We also identified some proteins' interactions with known PD causative genes and therapeutic targets. In conclusion, this study suggested GPNMB, CD38, and DGKQ may act in the pathogenesis of PD, but whether the other proteins involved in PD needs more evidence. These findings would help to uncover the genes underlying PD and prioritize targets for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Gu
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei-Ming Su
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meng Dou
- Chengdu Institute of Computer Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing-Qing Duan
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kang-Fu Yin
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guo-Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Wang Y, Wu S, Li Q, Sun H, Wang H. Pharmacological Inhibition of Ferroptosis as a Therapeutic Target for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Strokes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300325. [PMID: 37341302 PMCID: PMC10460905 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that ferroptosis, a unique regulated cell death modality that is morphologically and mechanistically different from other forms of cell death, plays a vital role in the pathophysiological process of neurodegenerative diseases, and strokes. Accumulating evidence supports ferroptosis as a critical factor of neurodegenerative diseases and strokes, and pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis as a therapeutic target for these diseases. In this review article, the core mechanisms of ferroptosis are overviewed and the roles of ferroptosis in neurodegenerative diseases and strokes are described. Finally, the emerging findings in treating neurodegenerative diseases and strokes through pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis are described. This review demonstrates that pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis by bioactive small-molecule compounds (ferroptosis inhibitors) could be effective for treatments of these diseases, and highlights a potential promising therapeutic avenue that could be used to prevent neurodegenerative diseases and strokes. This review article will shed light on developing novel therapeutic regimens by pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis to slow down the progression of these diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineAerospace Center HospitalPeking University Aerospace School of Clinical MedicineBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of NeurologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430000P. R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng UniversityChifeng024005P. R. China
| | - Huiyan Sun
- Chifeng University Health Science CenterChifeng024000P. R. China
| | - Hongquan Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin300060P. R. China
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Sun YM, Zhou XY, Liang XN, Lin JR, Xu YD, Chen C, Wei SD, Chen QS, Liu FT, Zhao J, Tang YL, Shen B, Gan LH, Lu B, Ding ZT, An Y, Wu JJ, Wang J. The genetic spectrum of a cohort of patients clinically diagnosed as Parkinson's disease in mainland China. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:76. [PMID: 37198191 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00518-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
So far, over 20 causative genes of monogenic Parkinson's disease (PD) have been identified. Some causative genes of non-parkinsonian entities may also manifest with parkinsonism mimicking PD. This study aimed to investigate the genetic characteristics of clinically diagnosed PD with early onset age or family history. A total of 832 patients initially diagnosed with PD were enrolled, of which, 636 were classified into the early-onset group and 196 were classified into the familial late-onset group. The genetic testing included the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and next generation sequencing (target sequencing or whole-exome sequencing). The dynamic variants of spinocerebellar ataxia were tested in probands with family history. In the early-onset group, 30.03% of patients (191/636) harbored pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants in known PD-related genes (CHCHD2, DJ-1, GBA (heterozygous), LRRK2, PINK1, PRKN, PLA2G6, SNCA and VPS35). Variants in PRKN were the most prevalent, accounting for 15.72% of the early-onset patients, followed by GBA (10.22%), and PLA2G6 (1.89%). And 2.52% (16/636) had P/LP variants in causative genes of other diseases (ATXN3, ATXN2, GCH1, TH, MAPT, GBA (homozygous)). In the familial late-onset group, 8.67% of patients (17/196) carried P/LP variants in known PD-related genes (GBA (heterozygous), HTRA2, SNCA) and 2.04% (4/196) had P/LP variants in other genes (ATXN2, PSEN1, DCTN1). Heterozygous GBA variants (7.14%) were the most common genetic cause found in familial late-onset patients. Genetic testing is of vital importance in differential diagnosis especially in early-onset and familial PD. Our findings may also provide some clues to the nomenclature of genetic movement disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Sun
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Yue Zhou
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Niu Liang
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Ran Lin
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Dan Xu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Di Wei
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Si Chen
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng-Tao Liu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Zhao
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Lin Tang
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-Hua Gan
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Boxun Lu
- Neurology Department at Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng-Tong Ding
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu An
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian-Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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11
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Role and Dysregulation of miRNA in Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010712. [PMID: 36614153 PMCID: PMC9820759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative synucleinopathy that has a not yet fully understood molecular pathomechanism behind it. The role of risk genes regulated by small non-coding RNAs, or microRNAs (miRNAs), has also been highlighted in PD, where they may influence disease progression and comorbidities. In this case-control study, we analyzed miRNAs on peripheral blood mononuclear cells by means of RNA-seq in 30 participants, with the aim of identifying miRNAs differentially expressed in PD compared to age-matched healthy controls. Additionally, we investigated the pathways influenced by differentially expressed miRNAs and assessed whether a specific pathway could potentially be associated with PD susceptibility (enrichment analyses performed using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis tools). Overall, considering that the upregulation of miRNAs might be related with the downregulation of their messenger RNA targets, and vice versa, we found several putative targets of dysregulated miRNAs (i.e., upregulated: hsa-miR-1275, hsa-miR-23a-5p, hsa-miR-432-5p, hsa-miR-4433b-3p, and hsa-miR-4443; downregulated: hsa-miR-142-5p, hsa-miR-143-3p, hsa-miR-374a-3p, hsa-miR-542-3p, and hsa-miR-99a-5p). An inverse connection between cancer and neurodegeneration, called "inverse comorbidity", has also been noted, showing that some genes or miRNAs may be expressed oppositely in neurodegenerative disorders and in some cancers. Therefore, it may be reasonable to consider these miRNAs as potential diagnostic markers and outcome measures.
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12
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Production of a human iPSC line from an early-onset Parkinson's disease patient with a novel CHCHD2 gene truncated mutation. Stem Cell Res 2022; 64:102881. [PMID: 35944313 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2022.102881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CHCHD2 mutations have been reported to cause Parkinson's disease (PD) by a loss of function in mitochondria. Most reported mutations, however, were missense, which was not the perfect model for a study of haploinsufficiency. Here, a truncated mutation, CHCHD2 p.Pro53Alafs*38, was identified in one familial early-onset PD patient. We generated a human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line WCHSCUi001-A from this patient. The generated iPSCs resembled human embryonic stem cells, expressed pluripotency markers, exhibited a normal karyotype and could be differentiated into three germ layers in vitro. This line will be valuable for investigating the disease mechanisms and screening candidate drugs.
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