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Yuan YP, Shen ZY, Teng T, Xu SC, Kong CY, Zeng XF, A Hofmann Bowman M, Yan L. S100a8/9 (S100 Calcium Binding Protein a8/9) Promotes Cardiac Hypertrophy Via Upregulation of FGF23 (Fibroblast Growth Factor 23) in Mice. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e028006. [PMID: 38726894 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.028006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND S100a8/9 (S100 calcium binding protein a8/9) belongs to the S100 family and has gained a lot of interest as a critical regulator of inflammatory response. Our previous study found that S100a8/9 homolog promoted aortic valve sclerosis in mice with chronic kidney disease. However, the role of S100a8/9 in pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy remains unclear. The present study was to explore the role of S100a8/9 in cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS Cardiomyocyte-specific S100a9 loss or gain of function was achieved using an adeno-associated virus system, and the model of cardiac hypertrophy was established by aortic banding-induced pressure overload. The results indicate that S100a8/9 expression was increased in response to pressure overload. S100a9 deficiency alleviated pressure overload-induced hypertrophic response, whereas S100a9 overexpression accelerated cardiac hypertrophy. S100a9-overexpressed mice showed increased FGF23 (fibroblast growth factor 23) expression in the hearts after exposure to pressure overload, which activated calcineurin/NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) signaling in cardiac myocytes and thus promoted hypertrophic response. A specific antibody that blocks FGFR4 (FGF receptor 4) largely abolished the prohypertrophic response of S100a9 in mice. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, S100a8/9 promoted the development of cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Targeting S100a8/9 may be a promising therapeutic approach to treat cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Pei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases Wuhan China
| | - Zhuo-Yu Shen
- Department of Cardiology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases Wuhan China
| | - Teng Teng
- Department of Cardiology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases Wuhan China
| | - Si-Chi Xu
- Department of Cardiology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases Wuhan China
| | - Chun-Yan Kong
- Department of Cardiology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases Wuhan China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zeng
- Department of Cardiology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases Wuhan China
| | | | - Ling Yan
- Department of Cardiology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases Wuhan China
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Chen J, Wei X, Zhang Q, Wu Y, Xia G, Xia H, Wang L, Shang H, Lin S. The traditional Chinese medicines treat chronic heart failure and their main bioactive constituents and mechanisms. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:1919-1955. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
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Yan J, Honglei Y, Yun W, Sheng D, Yun H, Anhua Z, Na F, Min L, Dandan S, Jing W, Junming T, Wenjun Z, Xiju H. Puerarin ameliorates myocardial remodeling of spontaneously hypertensive rats through inhibiting TRPC6-CaN-NFATc3 pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 933:175254. [PMID: 36087696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Puerarin (Pue) has been widely used in the treatment of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, but the basic mechanism of Pue on myocardial remodeling (MR) of hypertension is not clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of Pue on MR and provide the basis for the clinical application. Thirty male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and six male Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) aged 3 months were used in this study, SHR rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, Pue (40 or 80 mg/kg/d, ip) and telmisartan (TELMI) (30 mg/kg/d, ig) were administrated for 12 weeks. We used Echocardiography to detect the cardiac function. Morphology and structure of myocardium were observed. H9C2 cells were subjected to 1 μM Ang Ⅱ in vitro, 100 μM Pue, 0.5 μM Calmodulin-dependent calcineurin (CaN) inhibitor Cyclosporin A (CsA) and 1 μM specific transient receptor potential channel 6 (TRPC6) inhibitor SAR7334 were used in H9C2 cells. Long-term administration of Pue could significantly improve cardiac function, improve morphology and structure of myocardium in vivo. Pue could reduce MR related proteins expression (ACTC1, TGF-β1, CTGF, β-MHC and BNP), attenuate ROS, restore MMP and decrease Ca2+-overload in vitro. Further study indicated that Pue could decrease TRPC6 expression and inhibit nuclear factor of activated T cells 3 (NFATc3) nuclear translocation in vitro. These results suggested that puerarin could ameliorate myocardial remodeling through inhibiting TRPC6-CaN-NFATc3 in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Yan
- Department of Ultrasound, Taihe Hospital, Jinzhou Medicical University Union Training Base, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Yu Honglei
- Department of Ultrasound, Taihe Hospital, Jinzhou Medicical University Union Training Base, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Wu Yun
- Department of Ultrasound, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Dong Sheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - He Yun
- Department of Ultrasound, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Zhang Anhua
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Feng Na
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Lu Min
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Shi Dandan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Wang Jing
- School of Public Health and Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Tang Junming
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Zhang Wenjun
- Department of Ultrasound, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China.
| | - He Xiju
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China; Department of Ultrasound, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China.
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4
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Chen L, Song M, Yao C. Calcineurin in development and disease. Genes Dis 2022; 9:915-927. [PMID: 35685477 PMCID: PMC9170610 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcineurin (CaN) is a unique calcium (Ca2+) and calmodulin (CaM)-dependent serine/threonine phosphatase that becomes activated in the presence of increased intracellular Ca2+ level. CaN then functions to dephosphorylate target substrates including various transcription factors, receptors, and channels. Once activated, the CaN signaling pathway participates in the development of multiple organs as well as the onset and progression of various diseases via regulation of different cellular processes. Here, we review current literature regarding the structural and functional properties of CaN, highlighting its crucial role in the development and pathogenesis of immune system disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, kidney disease, cardiomyopathy and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, First Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Min Song
- Department of Blood Transfusion, First Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Chunyan Yao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, First Affiliated Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, PR China
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Winkle AJ, Nassal DM, Shaheen R, Thomas E, Mohta S, Gratz D, Weinberg SH, Hund TJ. Emerging therapeutic targets for cardiac hypertrophy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:29-40. [PMID: 35076342 PMCID: PMC8885901 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2031974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiac hypertrophy is associated with adverse outcomes across cardiovascular disease states. Despite strides over the last three decades in identifying molecular and cellular mechanisms driving hypertrophy, the link between pathophysiological stress stimuli and specific myocyte/heart growth profiles remains unclear. Moreover, the optimal strategy for preventing pathology in the setting of hypertrophy remains controversial. AREAS COVERED This review discusses molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac hypertrophy with a focus on factors driving the orientation of myocyte growth and the impact on heart function. We highlight recent work showing a novel role for the spectrin-based cytoskeleton, emphasizing regulation of myocyte dimensions but not hypertrophy per se. Finally, we consider opportunities for directing the orientation of myocyte growth in response to hypertrophic stimuli as an alternative therapeutic approach. Relevant publications on the topic were identified through Pubmed with open-ended search dates. EXPERT OPINION To define new therapeutic avenues, more precision is required when describing changes in myocyte and heart structure/function in response to hypertrophic stimuli. Recent developments in computational modeling of hypertrophic networks, in concert with more refined experimental approaches will catalyze translational discovery to advance the field and further our understanding of cardiac hypertrophy and its relationship with heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Winkle
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Drew M Nassal
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rebecca Shaheen
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Evelyn Thomas
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shivangi Mohta
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Daniel Gratz
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Seth H Weinberg
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas J Hund
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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6
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Zhou L, He M, Li X, Lin E, Wang Y, Wei H, Wei X. Molecular Mechanism of Aluminum-Induced Oxidative Damage and Apoptosis in Rat Cardiomyocytes. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:308-317. [PMID: 33634365 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02646-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum exposure can mediate either acute toxicity or chronic toxicity. Aluminum exerts toxic effects on the cardiovascular system, but there are few studies on its related mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of aluminum-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis in rat cardiomyocytes. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, including the control group (GC), low-dose group of aluminum exposure (GL), medium-dose group (GM), and high-dose group (GH), with eight rats in each group. The GL, GM, and GH groups were given 5, 10, and 20 mg/(kg·d) of AlCl3 solution by intraperitoneal injection, and the GC group received intraperitoneal injection of the same volume of normal saline (2 ml/rat/day), 5 times a week for 28 days. At the end of the experiment, the levels of aluminum, malondialdehyde (MDA), plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CKMB), and alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH) were measured. The pathological changes of myocardium were observed by H&E staining. The apoptosis of cardiomyocytes was detected by TUNEL staining, and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins was determined by western blot. The results showed that the levels of CKMB and HBDH in the GM and GH groups were significantly higher than those in the GC group (P < 0.05). The content of aluminum in the myocardium and serum of the aluminum exposure groups was significantly higher than that of the GC group (P < 0.05). The level of MDA in the GM and GH groups was significantly higher than that in the GC group (P < 0.05). The pathological results showed that vacuolated and hypertrophied cardiomyocytes were found in aluminum exposure groups, especially in the GM and GH groups. The TUNEL staining showed that the apoptosis rate of the aluminum exposure groups was considerably higher than that of the GC group (P < 0.05). Western blot showed that the expression of Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein, in cardiomyocytes of aluminum exposure groups was lower than that of the GC group (P < 0.05), while the levels of Bax and caspase-3 in the cardiomyocytes of the GM and GH groups were higher than those of the GC group (P < 0.05). The experimental results showed that aluminum could accumulate in myocardial tissues and cause damage to cardiomyocytes. It could induce oxidative stress damage by increasing the content of MDA in cardiomyocytes and trigger cardiomyocyte apoptosis by activating the pro-apoptotic proteins caspase-3 and Bax and reducing the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiuFang Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Zhongshan No 2 Road, Baise, 18, China
| | - Mingjie He
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Zhongshan No 2 Road, Baise, 18, China
| | - XiaoLan Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Zhongshan No 2 Road, Baise, 18, China
| | - Erbing Lin
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Chengxiang Road, Baise, 98, China
| | - YingChuan Wang
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Chengxiang Road, Baise, 98, China
| | - Hua Wei
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Chengxiang Road, Baise, 98, China
| | - Xi Wei
- Department of Health Supervision Center, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Zhongshan No 2 Road, Baise, 18, China.
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Nolze A, Köhler C, Ruhs S, Quarch K, Strätz N, Gekle M, Grossmann C. Calcineurin (PPP3CB) regulates angiotensin II-dependent vascular remodelling by potentiating EGFR signalling in mice. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 233:e13715. [PMID: 34228904 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study investigates the role of calcineurin for angiotensin II (AngII)-induced vascular remodelling with the help of a mouse model lacking the catalytic beta subunit of calcineurin (PPP3CB KO). METHODS Wildtype (WT) and PPP3CB KO mice were treated for 4 weeks with AngII followed by assessment of blood pressure, histological evaluation of aortas and mRNA analysis of aortic genes PPP3CB-dependently regulated by AngII. Primary murine vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were used for qPCR, ELISA and Western Blot experiments as well as wound healing and cell proliferation assays. RESULTS Upon AngII treatment, PPP3CB KO mice showed less aortic media thickening, lumen dilation and systolic blood pressure compared to WT mice. Next-generation sequencing data of aortic tissue indicated an increase in extracellular matrix components (EMCs), cell migration and cell proliferation. A PPP3CB-dependent increase in EMC was confirmed by qPCR in aorta and VSMCs. PPP3CB-dependent stimulation of VSMC migration could be verified by wound healing assays but markers of enhanced cell proliferation were only detectable in aortic tissue of WT mice but not in isolated WT or KO VSMCs. We could demonstrate in VSMCs with pharmacological inhibitors that PPP3CB leads to enhanced heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) secretion, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation and consecutive stimulation of transforming growth factor β(TGFβ) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) signalling that enhances collagen expression. CONCLUSION AngII-induced vascular remodelling involves PPP3CB, which leads to enhanced EMC production, VSMC migration and sustained increase in systolic blood pressure via HBEGF/EGFR-TGFβ-CTGF signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Nolze
- Julius‐Bernstein‐Institute of PhysiologyMartin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle Germany
| | - Conny Köhler
- Julius‐Bernstein‐Institute of PhysiologyMartin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle Germany
| | - Stefanie Ruhs
- Julius‐Bernstein‐Institute of PhysiologyMartin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle Germany
| | - Katja Quarch
- Julius‐Bernstein‐Institute of PhysiologyMartin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle Germany
| | - Nicole Strätz
- Julius‐Bernstein‐Institute of PhysiologyMartin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle Germany
| | - Michael Gekle
- Julius‐Bernstein‐Institute of PhysiologyMartin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle Germany
| | - Claudia Grossmann
- Julius‐Bernstein‐Institute of PhysiologyMartin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle Germany
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Du Y, Demillard LJ, Ren J. Catecholamine-induced cardiotoxicity: A critical element in the pathophysiology of stroke-induced heart injury. Life Sci 2021; 287:120106. [PMID: 34756930 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular diseases such as ischemic stroke, brain hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage provoke cardiac complications such as heart failure, neurogenic stress-related cardiomyopathy and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. With regards to the pathophysiology of stroke-induced heart injury, several mechanisms have been postulated to contribute to this complex interaction between brain and heart, including damage from gut dysbiosis, immune and systematic inflammatory responses, microvesicle- and microRNA-mediated vascular injury and damage from a surge of catecholamines. All these cerebrovascular diseases may trigger pronounced catecholamine surges through diverse ways, including stimulation of hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis, dysregulation of autonomic system, and secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone. Primary catecholamines involved in this pathophysiological response include norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine. Both are important neurotransmitters that connect the nervous system with the heart, leading to cardiac damage via myocardial ischemia, calcium (Ca2+) overload, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review, we will aim to summarize the molecular mechanisms behind catecholamine-induced cardiotoxicity including Ca2+ overload, oxidative stress, apoptosis, cardiac hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and inflammation. In addition, we will focus on how synchronization among these pathways evokes cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Du
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Laurie J Demillard
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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Aortic disease in Marfan syndrome is caused by overactivation of sGC-PRKG signaling by NO. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2628. [PMID: 33976159 PMCID: PMC8113458 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22933-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic aneurysm, as occurs in Marfan syndrome, is generally asymptomatic until dissection or rupture, requiring surgical intervention as the only available treatment. Here, we show that nitric oxide (NO) signaling dysregulates actin cytoskeleton dynamics in Marfan Syndrome smooth muscle cells and that NO-donors induce Marfan-like aortopathy in wild-type mice, indicating that a marked increase in NO suffices to induce aortopathy. Levels of nitrated proteins are higher in plasma from Marfan patients and mice and in aortic tissue from Marfan mice than in control samples, indicating elevated circulating and tissue NO. Soluble guanylate cyclase and cGMP-dependent protein kinase are both activated in Marfan patients and mice and in wild-type mice treated with NO-donors, as shown by increased plasma cGMP and pVASP-S239 staining in aortic tissue. Marfan aortopathy in mice is reverted by pharmacological inhibition of soluble guanylate cyclase and cGMP-dependent protein kinase and lentiviral-mediated Prkg1 silencing. These findings identify potential biomarkers for monitoring Marfan Syndrome in patients and urge evaluation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase and soluble guanylate cyclase as therapeutic targets. Aortic aneurysm and dissection, the major problem linked to Marfan syndrome (MFS), lacks effective pharmacological treatment. Here, the authors show that the NO pathway is overactivated in MFS and that inhibition of guanylate cyclase and cGMP-dependent protein kinase reverts MFS aortopathy in mice.
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Shi X, Zhang Y, Gong Y, Chen M, Brand-Arzamendi K, Liu X, Wen XY. Zebrafish hhatla is involved in cardiac hypertrophy. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:3700-3709. [PMID: 33052609 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a compensatory response to pathological stimuli, ultimately progresses to cardiomyopathy, heart failure, or sudden death. Although many signaling pathways have been reported to be involved in the hypertrophic process, it is still not fully clear about the underlying molecular mechanisms for cardiac hypertrophy. Hedgehog acyltransferase-like (Hhatl), a sarcoplasmic reticulum-resident protein, exhibits high expression in the heart and muscle. However, the biological role of Hhatl in the heart remains unknown. In this study, we first found that the expression level of Hhatl is markedly decreased in cardiac hypertrophy. We further studied the role of hhatla, homolog of Hhatl with the zebrafish model. The depletion of hhatla in zebrafish leads to cardiac defects, as well as an enhanced level of hypertrophic markers. Besides, we found that calcineurin signaling participates in hhatla depletion-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Together, these results demonstrate a critical role for hhatla in cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjuan Shi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yijie Gong
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengying Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Koroboshka Brand-Arzamendi
- Zebrafish Centre for Advanced Drug Discovery, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wen
- Zebrafish Centre for Advanced Drug Discovery, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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The Protective Effect of Qishen Granule on Heart Failure after Myocardial Infarction through Regulation of Calcium Homeostasis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:1868974. [PMID: 33149749 PMCID: PMC7603572 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1868974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Qishen granule (QSG) is a frequently prescribed traditional Chinese medicine formula, which improves heart function in patients with heart failure (HF). However, the cardioprotective mechanisms of QSG have not been fully understood. The current study aimed to elucidate whether the effect of QSG is mediated by ameliorating cytoplasmic calcium (Ca2+) overload in cardiomyocytes. The HF rat model was induced by left anterior descending (LAD) artery ligation surgery. Rats were randomly divided into sham, model, QSG-low dosage (QSG-L) treatment, QSG-high dosage (QSG-H) treatment, and positive drug (diltiazem) treatment groups. 28 days after surgery, cardiac functions were assessed by echocardiography. Levels of norepinephrine (NE) and angiotensin II (AngII) in the plasma were evaluated. Expressions of critical proteins in the calcium signaling pathway, including cell membrane calcium channel CaV1.2, sarcoendoplasmic reticulum ATPase 2a (SERCA2a), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II (CaMKII), and protein phosphatase calcineurin (CaN), were measured by Western blotting (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Echocardiography showed that left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) value significantly decreased in the model group compared to the sham group, and illustrating heart function was severely impaired. Furthermore, levels of NE and AngII in the plasma were dramatically increased. Expressions of CaV1.2, CaMKII, and CaN in the cardiomyocytes were upregulated, and expressions of SERCA2a were downregulated in the model group. After treatment with QSG, both EF and FS values were increased. QSG significantly reduced levels of NE and AngII in the plasma. In particular, QSG prevented cytoplasmic Ca2+ overload by downregulating expression of CaV1.2 and upregulating expression of SERCA2a. Meanwhile, expressions of CaMKII and CaN were inhibited by QSG treatment. In conclusion, QSG could effectively promote heart function in HF rats by restoring cardiac Ca2+ homeostasis. These findings revealed novel therapeutic mechanisms of QSG and provided potential targets in the treatment of HF.
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Decreased Expression of Canstatin in Rat Model of Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Protective Effect of Canstatin on Right Ventricular Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186797. [PMID: 32947968 PMCID: PMC7554857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease which causes right ventricular (RV) failure. Canstatin, a C-terminal fragment of type IV collagen α2 chain, is expressed in various rat organs. However, the expression level of canstatin in plasma and organs during PAH is still unclear. We aimed to clarify it and further investigated the protective effects of canstatin in a rat model of monocrotaline-induced PAH. Cardiac functions were assessed by echocardiography. Expression levels of canstatin in plasma and organs were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting, respectively. PAH was evaluated by catheterization. RV remodeling was evaluated by histological analyses. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate RV remodeling-related genes. The plasma concentration of canstatin in PAH rats was decreased, which was correlated with a reduction in acceleration time/ejection time ratio and an increase in RV weight/body weight ratio. The protein expression of canstatin in RV, lung and kidney was decreased in PAH rats. While recombinant canstatin had no effect on PAH, it significantly improved RV remodeling, including hypertrophy and fibrosis, and prevented the increase in RV remodeling-related genes. We demonstrated that plasma canstatin is decreased in PAH rats and that administration of canstatin exerts cardioprotective effects.
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