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Villota-Salazar NA, Ramos-García VH, González-Prieto JM, Hernández-Delgado S. Effects of chemical inhibition of histone deacetylase proteins in the growth and virulence of Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. Rev Argent Microbiol 2023; 55:296-306. [PMID: 37296064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatin remodeling enzymes are important "writers", "readers" and "erasers" of the epigenetic code. These proteins are responsible for the placement, recognition, and removal of molecular marks in histone tails that trigger structural and functional changes in chromatin. This is also the case for histone deacetylases (HDACs), i.e., enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histone tails, signaling heterochromatin formation. Chromatin remodeling is necessary for cell differentiation processes in eukaryotes, and fungal pathogenesis in plants includes many adaptations to cause disease. Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. is a nonspecific, necrotrophic ascomycete phytopathogen that causes charcoal root disease. M. phaseolina is a frequent and highly destructive pathogen in crops such as common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), particularly under both water and high temperature stresses. Here, we evaluated the effects of the classical HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) on M. phaseolinain vitro growth and virulence. During inhibition assays, the growth of M. phaseolina in solid media, as well as the size of the microsclerotia, were reduced (p<0.05), and the colony morphology was remarkably affected. Under greenhouse experiments, treatment with TSA reduced (p<0.05) fungal virulence in common bean cv. BAT 477. Tests of LIPK, MAC1 and PMK1 gene expression during the interaction of fungi with BAT 477 revealed noticeable deregulation. Our results provide additional evidence about the role of HATs and HDACs in important biological processes of M. phaseolina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nubia Andrea Villota-Salazar
- Biotecnología Vegetal, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. del Maestro s/n esq. Elías Piña, Col. Narciso Mendoza, 88710 Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Víctor Hugo Ramos-García
- Biotecnología Vegetal, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. del Maestro s/n esq. Elías Piña, Col. Narciso Mendoza, 88710 Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel González-Prieto
- Biotecnología Vegetal, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. del Maestro s/n esq. Elías Piña, Col. Narciso Mendoza, 88710 Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Sanjuana Hernández-Delgado
- Biotecnología Vegetal, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. del Maestro s/n esq. Elías Piña, Col. Narciso Mendoza, 88710 Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico.
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Takasaki T, Utsumi R, Shimada E, Bamba A, Hagihara K, Satoh R, Sugiura R. Atg1, a key regulator of autophagy, functions to promote MAPK activation and cell death upon calcium overload in fission yeast. Microb Cell 2023; 10:133-140. [PMID: 37275474 PMCID: PMC10236205 DOI: 10.15698/mic2023.06.798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy promotes or inhibits cell death depending on the environment and cell type. Our previous findings suggested that Atg1 is genetically involved in the regulation of Pmk1 MAPK in fission yeast. Here, we showed that Δatg1 displays lower levels of Pmk1 MAPK phosphorylation than did the wild-type (WT) cells upon treatment with a 1,3-β-D-glucan synthase inhibitor micafungin or CaCl2, both of which activate Pmk1. Moreover, the overproduction of Atg1, but not that of the kinase inactivating Atg1D193A activates Pmk1 without any extracellular stimuli, suggesting that Atg1 may promote Pmk1 MAPK signaling activation. Notably, the overproduction of Atg1 induces a toxic effect on the growth of WT cells and the deletion of Pmk1 failed to suppress the cell death induced by Atg1, indicating that the Atg1-mediated cell death requires additional mechanism(s) other than Pmk1 activation. Moreover, atg1 gene deletion induces tolerance to micafungin and CaCl2, whereas pmk1 deletion induces severe sensitivities to these compounds. The Δatg1Δpmk1 double mutants display intermediate sensitivities to these compounds, showing that atg1 deletion partly suppressed growth inhibition induced by Δpmk1. Thus, Atg1 may act to promote cell death upon micafungin and CaCl2 stimuli regardless of Pmk1 MAPK activity. Since micafungin and CaCl2 are intracellular calcium inducers, our data reveal a novel role of the autophagy regulator Atg1 to induce cell death upon calcium overload independent of its role in Pmk1 MAPK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruaki Takasaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Utsumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Erika Shimada
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Asuka Bamba
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kanako Hagihara
- Laboratory of Hygienic Science, Department of Pharmacy, Hyogo Medical University, Kobe, 650-8530, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Satoh
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Reiko Sugiura
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
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Takasaki T, Utsumi R, Shimada E, Tomimoto N, Satoh R, Sugiura R. Autophagy-related genes genetically interact with Pmk1 MAPK signaling in fission yeast. MicroPubl Biol 2022; 2022:10.17912/micropub.biology.000618. [PMID: 35996690 PMCID: PMC9391948 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.000618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Apart from the highly conserved role in the cellular degradation process, autophagy also appears to play a key role in cellular proliferation. Here, we describe the genetic interaction of autophagy-related genes and Pmk1 MAPK signaling in fission yeast. atg1 deletion cells (Δ atg1 ) exhibit the vic (viable in the presence of immunosuppressant and Cl - ) phenotype, indicative of Pmk1 signaling inhibition. Moreover, the Δ atg1 Δ pmk1 double mutant resembles the single Δ pmk1 mutant, suggesting that Atg1 functions in the Pmk1 pathway. In addition, the growth defect induced by overexpression of Pck2, an upstream activator of Pmk1 MAPK was alleviated by the deletion of atg1 + . Finally, the deletion of autophagy-related genes recapitulates Pmk1 MAPK signaling inhibition. Our data suggest a novel role for autophagy in MAPK signaling regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruaki Takasaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Utsumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Erika Shimada
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naofumi Tomimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Satoh
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Reiko Sugiura
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
,
Correspondence to: Reiko Sugiura (
)
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Cansado J, Soto T, Franco A, Vicente-Soler J, Madrid M. The Fission Yeast Cell Integrity Pathway: A Functional Hub for Cell Survival upon Stress and Beyond. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 8:jof8010032. [PMID: 35049972 PMCID: PMC8781887 DOI: 10.3390/jof8010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The survival of eukaryotic organisms during environmental changes is largely dependent on the adaptive responses elicited by signal transduction cascades, including those regulated by the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathways. The Cell Integrity Pathway (CIP), one of the three MAPK pathways found in the simple eukaryote fission of yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, shows strong homology with mammalian Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinases (ERKs). Remarkably, studies over the last few decades have gradually positioned the CIP as a multi-faceted pathway that impacts multiple functional aspects of the fission yeast life cycle during unperturbed growth and in response to stress. They include the control of mRNA-stability through RNA binding proteins, regulation of calcium homeostasis, and modulation of cell wall integrity and cytokinesis. Moreover, distinct evidence has disclosed the existence of sophisticated interplay between the CIP and other environmentally regulated pathways, including Stress-Activated MAP Kinase signaling (SAPK) and the Target of Rapamycin (TOR). In this review we present a current overview of the organization and underlying regulatory mechanisms of the CIP in S. pombe, describe its most prominent functions, and discuss possible targets of and roles for this pathway. The evolutionary conservation of CIP signaling in the dimorphic fission yeast S. japonicus will also be addressed.
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Luan X, Zhao Y, Bu N, Chen Y, Chen N. DEC1 negatively regulates CYP2B6 expression by binding to the CYP2B6 promoter region ascribed to IL-6-induced downregulation of CYP2B6 expression in HeLa cells. Xenobiotica 2021; 51:1343-1351. [PMID: 34758708 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2021.2004335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 superfamily (CYPs) is a group of metabolic enzymes involved in drug biotransformation/metabolism. It is the most important drug metabolic enzyme; however, its mechanism of action remains unclear.We investigated the expression of CYP2B6 in HeLa cells induced by interleukin-6 (IL-6) and explored the relationship between differentially expressed chondrocytes 1 (DEC1) and CYP2B6 via luciferase reporter, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and ELISA assays.We observed the expression of CYP2B6 in HeLa cells exhibited a time-dependent decrease under the effect of IL-6, and the expression of CYP2B6 down-regulated by IL-6was negatively correlated with DEC1. After overexpression or knockdown of DEC1 in HeLa cells, the expression of CYP2B6 decreased or increased. The luciferase reporter assay and ChIP assay confirmed that DEC1 inhibited the expression of CYP2B6 by binding to the CYP2B6 promoter. ELISA results showed that high expression of DEC1 or low expression of CYP2B6 can promote the secretion of IL-6 in HeLa cells, and the secreted IL-6 can continually downregulate the expression of CYP2B6 in HeLa cells.Our results indicate that DEC1/CYP2B6 pathway in the inflammatory environment of tumours, and this provides a small amount of theoretical basis for the study of genes encoding drug-metabolising enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Luan
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Bu
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Chen
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Chen
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Vicente-Soler J, Soto T, Franco A, Cansado J, Madrid M. The Multiple Functions of Rho GTPases in Fission Yeasts. Cells 2021; 10:1422. [PMID: 34200466 PMCID: PMC8228308 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The Rho family of GTPases represents highly conserved molecular switches involved in a plethora of physiological processes. Fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe has become a fundamental model organism to study the functions of Rho GTPases over the past few decades. In recent years, another fission yeast species, Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, has come into focus offering insight into evolutionary changes within the genus. Both fission yeasts contain only six Rho-type GTPases that are spatiotemporally controlled by multiple guanine-nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), and whose intricate regulation in response to external cues is starting to be uncovered. In the present review, we will outline and discuss the current knowledge and recent advances on how the fission yeasts Rho family GTPases regulate essential physiological processes such as morphogenesis and polarity, cellular integrity, cytokinesis and cellular differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - José Cansado
- Yeast Physiology Group, Departamento de Genética y Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (J.V.-S.); (T.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Marisa Madrid
- Yeast Physiology Group, Departamento de Genética y Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (J.V.-S.); (T.S.); (A.F.)
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Kanda Y, Satoh R, Takasaki T, Tomimoto N, Tsuchiya K, Tsai CA, Tanaka T, Kyomoto S, Hamada K, Fujiwara T, Sugiura R. Sequestration of the PKC ortholog Pck2 in stress granules as a feedback mechanism of MAPK signaling in fission yeast. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:224095. [PMID: 33277379 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.250191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC) signaling is a highly conserved signaling module that plays a central role in a myriad of physiological processes, ranging from cell proliferation to cell death, via various signaling pathways, including MAPK signaling. Stress granules (SGs) are non-membranous cytoplasmic foci that aggregate in cells exposed to environmental stresses. Here, we explored the role of SGs in PKC/MAPK signaling activation in fission yeast. High-heat stress (HHS) induced Pmk1 MAPK activation and Pck2 translocation from the cell tips into poly(A)-binding protein (Pabp)-positive SGs. Pck2 dispersal from the cell tips required Pck2 kinase activity, and constitutively active Pck2 exhibited increased translocation to SGs. Importantly, Pmk1 deletion impaired Pck2 recruitment to SGs, indicating that MAPK activation stimulates Pck2 SG translocation. Consistently, HHS-induced SGs delayed Pck2 relocalization at the cell tips, thereby blocking subsequent Pmk1 reactivation after recovery from HHS. HHS partitioned Pck2 into the Pabp-positive SG-containing fraction, which resulted in reduced Pck2 abundance and kinase activity in the soluble fraction. Taken together, these results indicate that MAPK-dependent Pck2 SG recruitment serves as a feedback mechanism to intercept PKC/MAPK activation induced by HHS, which might underlie PKC-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kanda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Satoh
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Teruaki Takasaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Naofumi Tomimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kiko Tsuchiya
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Chun An Tsai
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Taemi Tanaka
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Shu Kyomoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kozo Hamada
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Toshinobu Fujiwara
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Reiko Sugiura
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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Hühn J, Musielak M, Schmitz HP, Heinisch JJ. Fungal homologues of human Rac1 as emerging players in signal transduction and morphogenesis. Int Microbiol 2019; 23:43-53. [PMID: 31020478 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-019-00077-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A wealth of data is accumulating on the physiological functions of human Rac1, a member of the Rho GTPase family of molecular switches and substrate of botulinum toxin, which was first identified as a regulator of cell motility through its effect on the actin cytoskeleton. Later on, it was found to be involved in different diseases like cancers, cardiac function, neuronal disorders, and apoptotic cell death. Despite the presence of Rac1 homologues in most fungi investigated so far, including Rho5 in the genetically tractable model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, knowledge on their physiological functions is still scarce, let alone the details of the molecular mechanisms of their actions and interactions. Nevertheless, all functions proposed for human Rac1 seem to be conserved in one or the other fungus. This includes the regulation of MAPK cascades, polarized growth, and actin dynamics. Moreover, both the production and response to reactive oxygen species, as well as the reaction to nutrient availability, can be affected. We here summarize the studies performed on fungal Rac1 homologues, with a special focus on S. cerevisiae Rho5, which may be of use in drug development in medicine and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hühn
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Genetics group, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 11, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Marius Musielak
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Genetics group, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 11, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Schmitz
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Genetics group, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 11, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Jürgen J Heinisch
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Genetics group, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 11, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany.
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Pérez P, Soto T, Gómez-Gil E, Cansado J. Functional interaction between Cdc42 and the stress MAPK signaling pathway during the regulation of fission yeast polarized growth. Int Microbiol 2019; 23:31-41. [PMID: 30989357 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-019-00072-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell polarization can be defined as the generation and maintenance of directional cellular organization. The spatial distribution and protein or lipid composition of the cell are not symmetric but organized in specialized domains which allow cells to grow and acquire a certain shape that is closely linked to their physiological function. The establishment and maintenance of polarized growth requires the coordination of diverse processes including cytoskeletal dynamics, membrane trafficking, and signaling cascade regulation. Some of the major players involved in the selection and maintenance of sites for polarized growth are Rho GTPases, which recognize the polarization site and transmit the signal to regulatory proteins of the cytoskeleton. Additionally, cytoskeletal organization, polarized secretion, and endocytosis are controlled by signaling pathways including those mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Rho GTPases and the MAPK signaling pathways are strongly conserved from yeast to mammals, suggesting that the basic mechanisms of polarized growth have been maintained throughout evolution. For this reason, the study of how polarized growth is established and regulated in simple organisms such as the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe has contributed to broaden our knowledge about these processes in multicellular organisms. We review here the function of the Cdc42 GTPase and the stress activated MAPK (SAPK) signaling pathways during fission yeast polarized growth, and discuss the relevance of the crosstalk between both pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Pérez
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Teresa Soto
- Yeast Physiology Group, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30071, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elisa Gómez-Gil
- Yeast Physiology Group, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30071, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose Cansado
- Yeast Physiology Group, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30071, Murcia, Spain.
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Xu S, Zhou L, Ponnusamy M, Zhang L, Dong Y, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Liu J, Wang K. A comprehensive review of circRNA: from purification and identification to disease marker potential. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5503. [PMID: 30155370 PMCID: PMC6110255 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is an endogenous noncoding RNA with a covalently closed cyclic structure. Based on their components, circRNAs are divided into exonic circRNAs, intronic circRNAs, and exon-intron circRNAs. CircRNAs have well-conserved sequences and often have high stability due to their resistance to exonucleases. Depending on their sequence, circRNAs are involved in different biological functions, including microRNA sponge activity, modulation of alternative splicing or transcription, interaction with RNA-binding proteins, and rolling translation, and are a derivative of pseudogenes. CircRNAs are involved in the development of a variety of pathological conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurological diseases, and cancer. Emerging evidence has shown that circRNAs are likely to be new potential clinical diagnostic markers or treatments for many diseases. Here we describe circRNA research methods and biological functions, and discuss the potential relationship between circRNAs and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Xu
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Translational Medicine and School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - LuYu Zhou
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Translational Medicine and School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Murugavel Ponnusamy
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Translational Medicine and School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - LiXia Zhang
- Department of Inspection, The Medical Faculty of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - YanHan Dong
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Translational Medicine and School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - YanHui Zhang
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Translational Medicine and School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Translational Medicine and School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Translational Medicine and School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Translational Medicine and School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Qian L, Yu S, Chen Z, Meng Z, Huang S, Wang P. The emerging role of circRNAs and their clinical significance in human cancers. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1870:247-260. [PMID: 29928954 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA), a recently discovered subclass of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), forms a covalently closed loop with neither a 5' cap structure nor a 3' polyadenylated tail. Generated from precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) through "backsplicing" (a type of alternative RNA splicing), the majority of circRNAs are located in the cytoplasm and are widespread among living organisms. They are stable and conserved and exhibit spatiotemporal-specific expression. CircRNAs are known to be involved in the development and progression of multiple diseases, including cancer, by acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges and by regulating processes such as transcription and translation. The extensively aberrant expression profiles of circRNAs in multiple cancerous tissues make these molecules promising diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer. Here, we briefly review the characteristics, biogenesis, classification, and functions of circRNAs, with a particular focus on the role of circRNAs in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qian
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 2000332, China
| | - Shulin Yu
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 2000332, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 2000332, China
| | - Zhiqiang Meng
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 2000332, China
| | - Shenglin Huang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 2000332, China; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 2000332, China.
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Estravís M, Rincón SA, Portales E, Pérez P, Santos B. Cdc42 activation state affects its localization and protein levels in fission yeast. Microbiology (Reading) 2017; 163:1156-1166. [PMID: 28742002 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rho GTPases control polarized cell growth and are well-known regulators of exocytic and endocytic processes. Cdc42 is an essential GTPase, conserved from yeast to humans, that is critical for cell polarization. Cdc42 is negatively regulated by the GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) and the GDP dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), and positively regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). Cdc42 GTPase can be found in a GTP- or GDP-bound state, which determines the ability to bind downstream effector proteins and activate signalling pathways. Only GTP-bound Cdc42 is active. In this study we have analysed the localization of the different nucleotide-bound states of Cdc42 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe: the wild-type Cdc42 protein that cycles between an active and inactive form, the Cdc42G12V form that is permanently bound to GTP and the Cdc42T17N form that is constitutively inactive. Our results indicate that Cdc42 localizes to several membrane compartments in the cell and this localization is mediated by its C-terminal prenylation. Constitutively active Cdc42 localizes mainly to the plasma membrane and concentrates at the growing tips where it is considerably less dynamic than wild-type or GDP-bound Cdc42. Additionally we show that the activation state of Cdc42 also participates in the regulation of its protein levels mediated by endocytosis and by the exocyst complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Estravís
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica (IBFG), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sergio Antonio Rincón
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica (IBFG), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.,Present address: Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR144, F-75248 Paris, France
| | - Elvira Portales
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica (IBFG), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pilar Pérez
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica (IBFG), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Beatriz Santos
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica (IBFG), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.,Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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Satoh R, Hagihara K, Matsuura K, Manse Y, Kita A, Kunoh T, Masuko T, Moriyama M, Moriyama H, Tanabe G, Muraoka O, Sugiura R. Identification of ACA-28, a 1′-acetoxychavicol acetate analogue compound, as a novel modulator of ERK MAPK signaling, which preferentially kills human melanoma cells. Genes Cells 2017; 22:608-618. [DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Satoh
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kindai University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Kanako Hagihara
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kindai University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Kazuki Matsuura
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kindai University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Manse
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kindai University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy; Kindai University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Ayako Kita
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kindai University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Tatsuki Kunoh
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kindai University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Takashi Masuko
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kindai University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Mariko Moriyama
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute; Kindai University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Moriyama
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute; Kindai University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Genzoh Tanabe
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy; Kindai University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Osamu Muraoka
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy; Kindai University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Reiko Sugiura
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kindai University; Kowakae 3-4-1 Higashi-Osaka 577-8502 Japan
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Satoh R, Hagihara K, Kita A, Sugiura R. [The role of RNA granules as signaling hubs]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2016; 147:340-345. [PMID: 27301307 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.147.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Abstract
The ultimate goal of cell division is to give rise to two viable independent daughter cells. A tight spatial and temporal regulation between chromosome segregation and cytokinesis ensures the viability of the daughter cells. Schizosaccharomyces pombe, commonly known as fission yeast, has become a leading model organism for studying essential and conserved mechanisms of the eukaryotic cell division process. Like many other eukaryotic cells it divides by binary fission and the cleavage furrow undergoes ingression due to the contraction of an actomyosin ring. In contrast to mammalian cells, yeasts as cell-walled organisms, also need to form a division septum made of cell wall material to complete the process of cytokinesis. The division septum is deposited behind the constricting ring and it will constitute the new ends of the daughter cells. Cell separation also involves cell wall degradation and this process should be precisely regulated to avoid cell lysis. In this review, we will give a brief overview of the whole cytokinesis process in fission yeast, from the positioning and assembly of the contractile ring to the final step of cell separation, and the problems generated when these processes are not precise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Martín-García
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica (IBFG), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Beatriz Santos
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica (IBFG), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
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Kanda Y, Satoh R, Matsumoto S, Ikeda C, Inutsuka N, Hagihara K, Matzno S, Tsujimoto S, Kita A, Sugiura R. Skb5, an SH3 adaptor protein, regulates Pmk1 MAPK signaling by controlling the intracellular localization of Mkh1 MAPKKK. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:3189-202. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.188854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The MAPK cascade is a highly conserved signaling module composed of MAPK/MAPKK/MAPKKK. MAPKKK Mkh1 is an initiating kinase in Pmk1 MAPK signaling, which regulates cell integrity in fission yeast. Our genetic screen for regulators of Pmk1 signaling identified Skb5 (Shk1 kinase binding protein 5), an SH3 domain-containing adaptor protein. Here, we showed that Skb5 serves as an inhibitor of Pmk1 MAPK signaling activation by downregulating Mkh1 localization to cell tips via its interaction with the SH3 domain. Consistently, the Mkh13PA mutant protein, with impaired Skb5 binding, remained in the cell tips, even when Skb5 was overproduced. Intriguingly, Skb5 needs Mkh1 to localize to the growing ends as Mkh1 deletion and disruption of Mkh1 binding impairs Skb5 localization. Deletion of Pck2, an upstream activator of Mkh1, impaired the cell tip localization of Mkh1 and Skb5 as well as Mkh1/Skb5 interaction. Interestingly, both Pck2 and Mkh1 localized to the cell tips at the G1/S phase, which coincided with Pmk1 MAPK activation. Altogether, Mkh1 localization to cell tips is important for transmitting upstream signaling to Pmk1 and Skb5 spatially regulates this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kanda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kinki University, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Satoh
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kinki University, Japan
| | - Saki Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kinki University, Japan
| | - Chisato Ikeda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kinki University, Japan
| | - Natsumi Inutsuka
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kinki University, Japan
| | - Kanako Hagihara
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kinki University, Japan
| | - Sumio Matzno
- Division of Pharmaceutical Education, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, Japan
| | - Sho Tsujimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kinki University, Japan
| | - Ayako Kita
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kinki University, Japan
| | - Reiko Sugiura
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kinki University, Japan
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Abstract
Yeasts provide an excellent genetically tractable eukaryotic system for investigating the function of genes in their biological context, and are especially relevant for those conserved genes that cause disease. We study the role of btn1, the orthologue of a human gene that underlies an early onset neurodegenerative disease (juvenile CLN3 disease, neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCLs) or Batten disease) in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. A global screen for genetic interactions with btn1 highlighted a conserved key signalling hub in which multiple components functionally relate to this conserved disease gene. This signalling hub includes two major mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, and centers on the Tor kinase complexes TORC1 and TORC2. We confirmed that yeast cells modelling CLN3 disease exhibit features consistent with dysfunction in the TORC pathways, and showed that modulating TORC function leads to a comprehensive rescue of defects in this yeast disease model. The same pathways may be novel targets in the development of therapies for the NCLs and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Bond
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Rachel Brown
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Charalampos Rallis
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK. ; Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jürg Bähler
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK. ; Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Sara E Mole
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK. ; UCL Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK. ; Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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